CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

H tr hi ho th tc nh gi tc ng mi trng theo Tuyn b H ni v hiu qu vin tr

Ngi vit: Ts. Phng Ch S, Ts. Nguyn Th Qunh Hng Chu Th Sng

Thng 12 nm 2009

Mc lc
I. II. III III.1. III.2

t vn K hoch cng tc tiu d n v nhm t vn Kt qu Hon thnh Hng n thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng, Phin bn 1 nh gi tiu chun mi trng Thc hin Chng trnh pht trin nng lc Nghin cu b hng dn nh gi tac ng mi trng hin c PH LC A: HNG DN THC HINTM CHUNG PH LC B : HNG DN B CNG C TM CHO NGI S DNG PH LC C : TI LIU O TO

III.3 III.4

I. t vn Vo thng 3 nm 2005 ti Din n cp cao Paris, cng ng pht trin quc t bao gm i din cp cao cc nc i tc, nh ti tr song phng v a phng thng qua Tuyn b Paris v hiu qa vin tr. Tuyn b Paris a ra cc cam kt tip tc v nng cao n lc trong vic hi ho, gn kt v qun l cc kt qu vin tr. Tip , Chnh ph Vit Nam v cng ng cc nh ti tr lng ghp Tuyn b Paris trong Tuyn b H Ni, ra nhng cam kt v mc tiu chung trong vic nng cao hiu qu vin tr cho Vit Nam n nm 2010. t c nhng mc tiu ra trong Tuyn b H Ni, Nhm Quan h i tc v hiu qu vin tr (PGAE) c thnh lp vi thnh vin l i din ca c Chnh ph Vit Nam ln cc nh ti tr. Do Tuyn b H Ni bao qut nhiu vn , Nhm Nhm Quan h i tc v hiu qu vin tr t chc 6 t chuyn , gm (i) mua sm, (ii) qun l ti chnh cng, (iii) nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM), (iv) nh gi tc ng x hi (TXH), (v) h tr pht trin chnh thc (ODA_\-trong ngn sch, v (vi) nh mc chi ph. Vo nm 2006, t chuyn TM tin hnh (i) hi tho nh gi tc ng mi trng lut v cc yu cu mi vo ngy 16 thng 6 nm 2006 ti H Ni, (ii) phn tch nhng khim khuyt trong bo co chi tit Tng cng v gn kt cc h thng bo v mi trng Vit Nam Mc tiu Tuyn b H Ni lin quan n vic hi ho cc yu cu v TM ban hnh ngy 20 thng 7 nm 2006. Cc hot ng ca t chuyn TM trong nm 2007 gm c: (i) cp nht thng tin v cc yu cu TM ca GOV v cc nh ti tr v (ii) xy dng k hoch cng tc chi tit ca t chuyn TM v xut t chc thc hin. Cc kt qu cng tc c a ra tho lun ti hi tho t chc ngy 30 thng 11 nm 2007 v c a vo bo co H tr vic hi ho th tc TM theo Tuyn b H Ni v hiu qu vin tr (nghin cu nm 2007). Vo nm 2008, t chuyn TM tin hnh nghin cu (i) h tr vic sa i thng t s 08/2006/N-CP v TM, nh gi mi trng chin lc (MC) v cam kt bo v mi trng (BVMT), (ii) xy dng Hng dn thc hin TM chung (Phin bn 1.0), (iii) xy dng k hoch pht trin nng lc i vi nhng ngi thc hin TM mi theo khung TM phn cp v (iv) xy dng b cng c TM (Phin bn 1.0). Cc kt qu nghin cu c a ra tho lun ti hi tho t chc vo ngy 6 thng 12 nm 2008. Nhng pht hin trong nghin cu ny c tm lc trong bo co cui cng "Nghin cu v vic hi ho th tc TM theo Tuyn b H Ni v hiu qu vin tr" (Hot ng nghin cu 2008). Mc tiu bao trm ca hot ng nghin cu hi ho th tc TM nm 2009 s gp phn hon thnh vic thc hin tiu ch 8 ca Tuyn b H Ni: Chnh ph Vit Nam v cc nh ti tr s ci thin cng tc bo v mi trng T l phn trm cc TM v TXH c thc hin, p ng cc tiu chun quc t v s dng cc h thng ca Chnh ph.

Nhng mc tiu c th ca nghin cu nhm: h tr Chnh ph tng cng khung php l hng dn thc hin khung nh gi v thm nh mi trng, cng nh ng gp vo vic pht trin chuyn mn k thut v tng cng th ch lin quan n khung nh gi v thm nh mi trng ca Chnh ph. II. K hoch cng tc tiu d n v nhm t vn Cc hot ng chnh ca k hoch cng tc nm 2009- Hp phn B, nh sau: 1. Hon thnh Hng dn thc hin TM chung -Phin bn 1.0 2. Hon thnh b cng c TM-Phin bn 1.0 3. Thc hin chng trnh xy dng nng lc bng vic khi ng chng trnh o to tp hun vin cho cn b qun l mi trng cc S Ti nguyn v Mi trng (TN&MT) 4. Nghin cu b hng dn h tr TM xc nh ti liu no cn cp nht hoc loi b. Bng 1 trnh by k hoch cng tc tiu d n v nhm t vn. Bng 1: K hoch cng tc tiu d n v nhm t vn TT Hot ng T vn 01 Hon thnh Hng dn thc hin TM chung Phng Ch S (trng Phin bn 1.0 nhm) 02 Hon thnh B cng c TM- Phin bn 1.0 Phng Ch S 03 khi ng chng trnh o to tp hun vin cho Nguyn Th Qunh Hng cc S TN&MT 04 Cng c b hng dn h tr TM Chu Thi Sng III. Kt qu III.1. Hon thnh Phin bn 1.0 Hng dn chung v thc hin TM D tho Hng dn thc hin TM chung -Phin bn 1.0 c xy dng trong nghin cu 2008 c hon thnh trn c s Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 8 thng 12 nm 2008 ca B TN&MT v vic hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt BVMT. Theo thng t ny, cu trc v ni dung bo co TM c nhng thay i ng k. Ngoi ra, tng chng mt c r sot m bo tnh hon thin v tnh xc ng i vi h thng TM ca Chnh ph. Cc tiu chun mi trng c thay bng cc quy chun k thut mi trng (QCVN) theo Quyt nh s 04/2008/QD-BTNMT ngy 18/07/2008 v Quyt nh s 16/2008/QD-BTNMT ngy 31/12/2008 ca B trng B TN&MT v vic ban hnh cc quy chun k thut mi trng, bao gm: QCVN 02/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng kh thi l t cht thi y t. QCVN 08/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng cht lng nc mt. QCVN 09/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng cht lng nc ngm.

 QCVN 10/2008/TNMT-Quy chun k thut mi trng cht lng nc ven bin. QCVN 01/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng nc thi ch bin cao su t nhin. QCVN 11/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng nc thi ch bin thu/ hi sn. QCVN 12/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng nc thi nh my giy & bt giy. QCVN 13/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng nc thi dt. QCVN 14/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng nc thi sinh hot. QCVN 03/2008/TNMT- Quy chun k thut mi trng kim loi nng trong t. QCVN 15:2008/BTNMT-Quy chun k thut mi trng ho cht nng nghip trong t. Nhng quy chun tham vn cng ng c thay i theo Ngh nh s 21/2008/NCP, ngy 9 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. D tho cui cng ca hng dn (xem ph lc A km theo) c chuyn cho t chuyn TM v cc c quan lin quan ly kin. III.2. Hon thnh B cng c TM-Phin bn 1.0 (1). Mc tiu ca B cng c TM - H tr cc hot ng qun l, lu gi s liu v s dng c s d liu TM. - H tr cc hot ng qun l TM. - Trao i thng tin TM gia cc lnh vc Vit Nam. (2). Cu trc ca b cng c TM: a). Thng tin cng khai - Vn bn php lut: lu gi cc vn bn php lut lin quan n cc yu cu TM. - Hng dn k thut: cc hng dn xy dng v thm nh TM. - T chc thm nh: cc t chc thm nh TM cp quc gia v a phng. - Hin trng TM: thng tin tng qut v hin trng thm nh TM Vit Nam - Cc thng tin khc: thng tin lin quan n cc hot ng ca d n v cc thng tin nng. b). Thng tin chuyn dng - Cc doanh nghip: cc thng tin lin quan n cc hot ng ca doanh nghip. - Thng tin x thi: cc thng tin lin quan n nc thi, kh thi, cht thi rn v cht thi c hi. - Quyt nh thm nh: Quyt nh thm nh TM, chng nhn, giy php, vv.. - Quan trc: S liu quan trc mi trng ca cc doanh nghip. (3). Thit k B cng c TM c thit k nh c s d liu, gm c: - Cc vn bn php lut mi trng - Cc hng dn k thut TM, gm cc hng dn TM chung v theo ngnh. - Cc tiu chun v quy chun k thut mi trng.

Cc t chc thm nh TM Hin trng thm nh TM Thng tin khc.

(4). Cc chc nng ca b cng c TM - Cp nht thng tin - Kt ni vi cc trang web khc v Internet - Tm kim thng tin - In s liu Hng dn b cng c TM cho ngi s dng c xy dng v chuyn n cc hc vin kho tp hun thnh ph Cn Th v tnh Ho Bnh (xem ph lc B km theo). III.3. Trin khai chng trnh pht trin nng lc III.3.1. Nhu cu o to cho cc kho tp hun trong nm 2010 v 2011. Kt qu 2 kho tp hun Cn Th v Ho Bnh l: - Tng s hc vin ca cc S TN&MT: 30 ngi - Tng s hc vin ca cc c quan t vn: 30 ngi - Tng s hc vin ca ca 2 kho: hn 100 ngi Theo kin phn hi ca hc vin, h mong mun c tham gia cc kho o to k thut su nng cao k nng ngh nghip cng nh gip ci thin cng tc qun l mi trng. Tuy nhin, do ngn sch eo hp, nn mi s ch c th b tr 1 n 2 nhn vin tham gia kho tp hun ny. III.3.2. Cc kho tp hun Xy dng khung cc kho tp hun trong 2-3 nm: - Nm 2009: tp hun cho cn b qun l mi trng cc S TN&MT v B TN&MT. - Nm 2010: tp hun cc k thut TM . - Year 2011: tp hun thm nh TM. III.3.3. Ni dung cc kho tp hun (1). Nm 2009: Thi gian mt kho tp hun: 3 ngy - Tng quan: Nhp mn TM; cc chnh sch BVMT (chu trnh d n, cc quy nh ca Vit Nam, nhng yu cu ca nh ti tr, so snh cc yu cu ca Vit Nam v nh ti tr (ADB, WB, JICA, v.v) - Phng php lun v k thut TM: + Quy trnh TM; + Xc nh phm vi TM; + Sng lc v la chn cc phng php TM; + Cc phng php TM; + Phng php tham vn kin cng ng; + Phng php cng khai thng tin; + Chng trnh qun l v quan trc mi trng; + Phng php trin khai chng trnh quan trc mi trng;

+ Cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam; + Cc quy chun k thut quc gia. Gii thiu b cng c TM TM i vi mt s ngnh la chn ng bng Sng Cu Long (cc d n khu cng nghip, nhit in, nui trng thu sn, giao thng) i thc a.

Chng trnh tp hun 3 ngy trong nm 2009 c trnh by trong bng di: Bng 2 : Thit k chng trnh tp hun 3 ngy Ngy 1: Thi gian Ni dung Ngy th nht,ngythng.nm. 8:00-8:30 ng k 8:30-8:40 8:40-9:10 9:10-10:00 Ngun lc

10:00-10:30 10:30-11:20

11:20-12:00 12:00-14:00 14:00-14:50

14:50-15:10 15:10-15:30 15:30-16:20 16:20-17:00

Cc Thm nh & TM Gii thiu chng trnh tp hun Cc Thm nh & TM Pht biu khai mc ca lnh o Cc Thm Cc Thm nh & nh v TM v S TN&MT Cn Th TM Th.s Chu Th Sng Bi 1: Tng quan Chuyn : Nhp mn TM - Tng quan TM Vit Nam - Tng quan TM trn th gii Gii lao Chuyn 2: Hi ho cc quy nh BVMT PS.Ts. Phng Ch S gia Vit Nam v cc nh ti tr quc t Cc quy chun mi trng ca Vit Nam v nh ti tr (ADB, WB, JBIC, AFD ...) - So snh cc quy nh gia Vit Nam v nh ti tr (ADB, WB, JBIC, AFD ....). Tho lun n tra Bi 2: Phng php, k thut TM i vi Ths. Chu Th Sng d n Chuyn 1: - Khung php lut TM ca Vit Nam Tho lun Gii lao - Sng lc; PGS TS Nguyn - Xc nh phm vi TM; Th Qunh Hng - Cc phng php v k thut TM. Tho lun Ngun lc PGS TS Nguyn

Ngy 2: Thi gian Ni dung Ngy th hai, ngythng.nm. 8:00-8:50 Chuyn 2: - Phng php tham vn kin cng ng;

8:50-9:10 9:10-10:00

10:00-10:20 10:20-10:40 10:40-11:30 11:30-11:50 12:00-14:00 14:00-14:20

- Phng php cng khai thng tin; Tho lun Chuyn 3: - Chng trnh qun l & quan trc mi trng; - Phng php trin khai chng trnh quan trc mi trng hu thm nh Tho lun Gii lao Chuyn 4: - Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam; - Quy chun k thut quc gia. Tho lun n tra Bi 3: Gii thiu b cng c TM

Th Qunh Hng Cc Thm nh & TM

PGS TS Phng Ch S

14:20-15:20 Nhm cng tc: Cc nghin cu TM in hnh Nhm 1: TM d n nui trng thu sn 14:20-15:20 Nhm 2: TM d n giao thng 14:20-15:20 Nhm 3: TM d n nhit in 14:20-15:20 Nhm 4: TM d n khu cng nghip 15:20-15:30 15:30-16:50 16:50-17:00 Gii lao Cc nhm trnh by v tho lun Kt thc kho tp hun

PGS TS Phng Ch S PGS TS Phng Ch S PGS TS Nguyn Th Qunh Hng Cc Thm nh & TM Th.s Chu Th Sng

Cc Thm nh & TM Ngun lc Tt c hc vin

Ngy 3: Thi gian Ni dung Ngy th ba, ngythng.nm. 8:00-17:00 i thc a Cn Th (D n cu Cn Th, khu cng nghip Cn Th, Nh my nhit in Mn, Vng nui tm Cn Th hoc Sc Trng

(2). Nm 2010: Tp hun k thut TM - Thi gian tp hun: 3-4 ngy. - Quy trnh TM; - Phng php sng lc v thc hnh sng lc d n - Phng php sng lc v xy dng cc ma trn tc ng chnh v cc iu khon tham chiu; - Hng dn la chn cc thng s v a im quan trc v thc hnh; - Cc phng php TM; - Cc phng php xc nh thi lng cht nhim t cc ngun (cht thi rn, nc thi, kh thi, ting n v rung) v thc hnh; - Cc phng php d bo nng cht nhim t ngun x thi v thc hnh; - Cc phng php phn tch phng n la chn thay th v thc hnh;

Cc gii php k thut gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc, phng nga v i ph vi s c mi trng; Phng php tham vn cng ng v thc hnh; Phng php xy dng k hoch qun l mi trng v thc hnh; Phng php xy dng chng trnh quan trc mi trng v thc hnh; Phng php tin hnh v trin khai chng trnh quan trc mi trng; H thng tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam v hng dn; H thng quy chun mi trng quc gia v hng dn; Hng dn k thut b cng c TM; TM p dng cho mt s ngnh c th, i thc a.

(3). Nm 2011: Tp hun nghin cu v thm nh TM - Thi gian tp hun: 3 ngy - Gii thiu v TM v cam kt BVMT: + Khung php lut v k thut; mc tiu v tm quan trng. + Cc ni dung chnh + Sng lc v quy trnh d n. - Gii thiu v t chc v thm nh TM + T chc thm nh (sng lc cp thm nh, chc nng, c ch, hp phn v quyn hn, v.v) + Cc hot ng thm nh (sng lc cp thm nh, t chc hp v chng trnh, v.v) + Ni dung thm nh (khung php lut, cc kin chung nu ni dung p ng yu cu, ng, cc kin khc, kt lun ca hi ng nh gi, v.v); v tp trung vo cc vn sau: - Phng php thm nh i vi trm nc thi, cng ngh x l nc thi sinh hot v cng nghip. - Phng php thm nh i vi cc cng trnh thot nc ma. - Phng php thm nh i vi cc cng trnh thot nc thi. - Phng php thm nh i vi cc cng trnh thu gom, lu gi v x l cht thi rn v c hi. - Phng php thm nh i vi cc cng trnh x l kh thi. - Phng php thm nh i vi cc cng trnh x l ting n. - Phng php thm nh i vi din tch cy xanh v h ao, v.v... - Gii thiu mt s cng ngh x l nc, kh thi chung i vi cc ngnh c th. + kin ca cc thnh vin hi ng thm nh, bin bn hp ca hi ng thm nh. + Cc hot ng hu TM; - Gii thiu v thm nh cam kt BVMT - Mt vi kinh nghim trong thm nh TM v cam kt BVMT. - Thc hnh: Hc vin c chia thnh 5 nhm, mi nhm c 7-9 ngi. c, vit kin v thm nh mt vi d n c th. Ti liu tp hun trnh by ph lc C. III.4. Nghin cu b hng dn h tr TM hin c III.4.1. Gii thiu

Tip theo Lut BVMT v cc vn bn php lut, cc hot ng BVMT ni chung v TM ni ring c thc hin trong ton quc. K t khi Lut BVMT c hiu lc (t 1994 n nay), nhiu d n u t tin hnh lp bo co TM v c cc hi ng thm nh trung ng v a phng thm nh. Ni dung bo co TM c quy nh theo Ngh nh s 175/CP ngy 18 thng 10 nm 1994 v hng dn thc hin Lut BVMT, 1994, Ngh nh s 80/2008 v Ngh nh s 21/2008 v hng dn thc hin Lut BVMT, 2005 v Thng s 5/2008 hin ang p dng v Thng t s 13/2009 do B TN&MT ban hnh. Vic quy nh cc ni dung bo co TM mang tnh khi qut chung cho tt c cc ngnh, song trn thc t th cc ngnh rt khc nhau v cc c trng ngun v mc gy nhim, cng nh phm vi ca cc tc ng mi trng. V l , cc hng dn TM cho cc ngnh l cn thit ci thin cht lng cc bo co TM v cng tc thm nh. t c mc tiu ny, t 1998, Cc Mi trng trc y v Cc Thm nh v TM hin nay, thuc B TN&MT hp tc vi cc t chc khc xy dng cc hng dn TM cho cc ngnh. Nhng hng dn ny to thnh cc cng c nng cao cht lng cc bo co TM v cng tc thm nh. Do vy, nhng hng dn c cc c quan mi trng ca Chnh ph, cc t chc t vn mi trng v cc doanh nghip trong ton quc s dng trong qu trnh lp bo co v thm nh cc bo co TM. III.4.2. Danh mc cc hng dn TM ngnh xy dng Danh mc nhng hng dn TM ngnh do Cc Mi trng, B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng xy dng, bao gm: 1. Hng dn TM cc nh my nhit in 2. Hng dn TM cng nghip bia ru v nc gii kht 3. Hng dn TM cng nghip xi mng 4. Hng dn TM cng nghip dt 5. Hng dn TM cc m v st 6. Hng dn TM xy dng c s h tng cc khu cng nghip 7. Hng dn TM cc cng trnh giao thng 8. Hng dn TM xy dng th. Danh mc nhng hng dn TM ngnh do do Cc Thm nh v TM, B TN&MT, xy dng, bao gm: 1. Hng dn TM cng nghip luyn kim st v thp 2. Hng dn TM thm d du-kh 3. Hng dn TM cc kho cha xng du 4. Hng dn TM sn xut ho cht c bn 5. Hng dn TM sn xut phn bn ho cht 6. Hng dn TM sn xut dc v m phm 7. Hng dn TM sn xut m cao su 8. Hng dn TM cng nghip xi mng 9. Hng dn TM cng nghip giy v bt giy 10. Hng dn TM cc khu vc nui trng thu sn 11. Hng dn TM cc cng trnh thu nng 12. Hng dn TM tm kim v khai thc cc m l thin

13. 14. 15. 16.

Hng dn TM cc cng sng Hng dn TM cc bi chn lp cht thi sinh hot Hng dn TM cc trm x l nc thi Hng dn MC.

III.4.3. Kt lun v kin ngh Cng tc xy dng v quy nh hng dn TM ngnh c nhng ci thin v s lng cng nh cht lng. Mt s hng dn l hp l v p ng cc nhu cu thc t, cng nh hi ho vi cc th tc quc t. Tuy nhin, ch c 16 hng dn quy nh cho 16 ngnh l con s kh hn ch nu so vi nhu cu 162 hng dn theo Ngh nh s 21/2008. Ni dung ca cc hng dn c quy nh mang tnh kht qut trong khi trn thc t, cn c cc ni dung phn tch v nh gi chi tit hn i vi tng loi hnh d n. Nhng ni dung nh gi KT-XH cn qu n gin, cn phi su hn, c bit l cc d n c phm vi ln v ti nh c quy m ln, nh cc nh my thu in, khu cng nghip, khu th, cc cng trnh giao thng, v.v Ngoi vic cp nht v hon thin nhng hng dn hin c, cn phi y nhanh vic quy nh nhng hng dn TM cho cc ngnh khc, c bit l cc ngnh c kh nng tc ng ln n ti nguyn v mi trng, nh thay i cc mc ch s dng t, ti nh c, thay i cc dng chy mt, thay i cn bng sinh thi, v.v

PH LC A

Chng trnh xy dng nng lc ton din: Hi ho th tc nh gi tc ng mi trng theo Tuyn b H ni v hiu qu vin tr

HNG DN THC HIN CHUNG

(D tho cui cng)

Cc Thm nh v TM Tng cc Mi trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng

H Ni, thng 11 nm 2009

LI M U Nm 2001, Cc Mi trng thuc B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng xy dng hng dn lp bo co TM cho mt s ngnh cng nghip theo Lut BVMT c Quc hi Vit Nam thng qua ngy 27 thng 12 nm 1993 v c Ch tch nc k ban hnh ngy 10 thng 1 nm 1994, v Ngh nh s 175/CP, ngy 18 thng 10 nm 1994 ca Chnh ph v vic Hng dn thc hin Lut BVMT. K t khi c ban hnh, nhng vn bn hng dn ny c cc c quan qun l nh nc v BVMT, cc c quan t vn mi trng v cc doanh nghip trong c nc p dng v tun th trong qu trnh lp v thm nh bo co TM i vi cc d n u t. Tuy nhin, tt c cc vn bn hng dn lp bo co TM tr nn lc hu ngay sau khi Quc hi nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua Lut BVMT ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005, thay Lut BVMT 1993. Sau , Chnh ph ban hnh Ngh nh 80/2006/NCP ngy 09/08/2006 quy nh chi tit v hng dn thc hin mt s quy nh trong Lut BVMT mi; B TN&MT ban hnh Thng t 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 v vic hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc v cam kt BVMT. Ngy 28/02/2008, Chnh ph ban hnh Ngh nh 21/2008/N-CP, sa i v b sung mt s quy nh ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP quy nh chi tit v hng dn thc hin mt s quy nh trong Lut BVMT mi. Sau B TN&MT ban hnh Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 v vic hng dn MC v cam kt BVMT. Trong bi cnh , vic b sung, cp nht v hon thin hng dn TM i vi cc ngnh c lin quan ph hp vi cc quy nh v php lut hin hnh v hi nhp quc t, tr nn cp thit. Nhm p ng cc yu cu , c php B TN&MT v Tng cc Mi trng, Cc Thm nh v TM tin hnh nghin cu v xy dng cc hng dn TM chung v ngnh. Cc Thm nh v TM hp tc vi Vin Mi trng v Pht trin bn vng xy dng d tho Quy trnh TM chung i vi d n xut u t nm 2006. Nhng hng dn ny l cc vn bn k thut, khng ch phc v cc nh u t v cc chuyn gia t vn lp bo co TM, m cn gip cc c quan TM thm nh cc bo co . Vi s bo tr ca Chng trnh xy dng nng lc ton din: Hi ho th tc TM theo Tuyn b H Ni v hiu qu thc hin, Cc Thm nh v TM hon thnh cc Hng dn TM vi s h tr k thut ca cc chuyn gia t vn nc ngoi v trong nc. Cc Thm nh v TM xin gii thiu ton b hng dn thc hin TM. Trong qu trnh thc hin, nu c nhng im chng cho v phc tp, c th gi cc cu hi cho Cc Thm nh v TM kp thi gii thch v lm r, theo a ch di y: Cc Thm nh v TM 83 Nguyn Ch Thanh, H Ni Tel : 844-37734246 Fax : 844-37734916

MC LC
1.0 GII THIU ............................................................................................................ 16 1.1. Mc ch ca Hng dn ....................................................................................... 16 1.2. Phm vi iu chnh ca Hng dn ........................................................................ 17 1.3. i tng s dng Hng dn ............................................................................... 17 1.4. Cu trc Hng dn v cch s dng ..................................................................... 18 1.5. TM l g? ............................................................................................................. 19 1.6. Cc phng php TM .......................................................................................... 19 2.0. KHUNG PHP LUT TM VIT NAM......................................................... 20 2.1. Khung php lut ..................................................................................................... 20 2.2. Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam (TCVN) v Quy chun k thut ....................... 22 3.0. KHUNG TM PHN CP VIT NAM ........................................................... 22 4.0. TNG QUAN TM- QUY TRNH, NI DUNG V CC NH NGHA ........ 24 4.1. M t d n ............................................................................................................. 34 4.2. Mi trng b tc ng ........................................................................................... 34 4.3. Tham vn kin cng ng ................................................................................... 34 4.4. nh gi tc ng ................................................................................................... 35 4.5. Cc bin php gimthiu tc ng v gim st mi trng ................................... 35 4.6. Chng trnh qun l mi trng. .......................................................................... 35 4.7. Lp bo co TM ................................................................................................... 35 4.8. Thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM .................................................................. 36 4.9. Thc hin chng trnh qun l mi trng .......................................................... 41 4.10. Tun th v gim st hu TM ............................................................................ 42 5.0 M t d n ............................................................................................................. 43 5.1. H s d n ............................................................................................................. 43 5.2. Xy dng d n ...................................................................................................... 43 5.3. Vn hnh d n ....................................................................................................... 44 5.3.3. My, thit b......................................................................................................... 44 5.3.4. Nhu cu ho cht, in v nc........................................................................... 44 5.3.5. Nhn vin v t chc thc hin ........................................................................... 45 5.4. u t d n ........................................................................................................... 45 5.5. K hoch thc hin d n ....................................................................................... 45 6.0. nh gi cc iu kin t nhin, KT-XH khu vc b tc ng .............................. 45 6.1. Yu cu v s liu iu kin t nhin, KT-XH hin ti ......................................... 45 6.2. Cc ch s mi trng t nhin v KT-XH ............................................................ 46 6.3. X l s liu theo cc ch s mi trng t nhin v KT-XH ............................... 49 6.4. nh gi cc iu kin t nhin, KT-XH hin ti ca khu vc d n.................... 52 7.0. Thc hin TM ...................................................................................................... 52 7.1. Thng tin tng qut ................................................................................................ 52 7.2. Gim thiu cc tc ng c kh nng xy ra .......................................................... 54 7.3. Xc nh cng tc ng ................................................................................... 55 8.0. Tham vn cng ng v cng khai thng tin ......................................................... 56 8.1. nh nghi cng ng ................................................................................................ 8.2. Hng dn tham vn cng ng v cng khai thng tinError! Bookmark not defined. 9.0. Chng trnhqun l mi trng ............................................................................ 58

9.1. Hng dn chng trnh gim st mi trng ....................................................... 58 10. Tun th v cng ch hu TM ............................................................................ 58 10.1. Thc hin BVMT hu TM ................................................................................. 58 10.2. Quan trc v gim st mi trng hu TM ........................................................ 63 11.0. Ph lc: Mu iu tra KT-XH Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.0 GII THIU

Ngy 2-3 thng 6 nm 2005, cc i biu tham d hi tho gia k ca mt s nh ti tr Vit Nam v i din ca Chnh ph, cc b, tnh, thnh ca Vit Nam thng qua v ra Tuyn b H Ni v Hiu qa vin tr vi 14 tiu ch v 14 mc tiu n nm 2010. Trong s 14 tiu ch c Tiu ch 8 lin quan n nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) v nh gi tc ng x hi (TXH). Tiu ch 8 ca Tuyn b H Ni nu r Chnh ph Vit Nam v cc nh ti tr s ci thin vic bo v mi trng v x hi T l phn trm cc TM v TXH c thc hin p ng cc tiu chun quc t v s dng cc h thng ca Chnh ph. Mc tiu ra n nm 2010 t nht t 100% TM v TXH cc d n do nh ti tr cp kinh ph, t cc tiu chun quc t v t nht 30% TM v TXH c tin hnh c s dng cc h thng ca Chnh ph. Nhn chung, cc quy nh v quy tc v TM ca Vit Nam hay ca cc nh ti tr u c xu hng da vo nhng nguyn tc chung v TM c cng nhn rng ri trn th gii. Nhiu TM c lp bo co theo cc nguyn tc v quy nh ca cc nh ti tr, c cc c quan qun l mi trng ca Vit Nam thm nh v chp nhn. Tuy nhin vn cn mt s khc bit nht nh v vic trin khai TM. Nhng n lc hi ho th tc TM ca Vit Nam vi cc th tc ca cc nh ti tr quc t hot ng Vit Nam c nhn nhn trong nhng nm qua v c thc hin bng nhng hnh ng c th. Hng dn TM chung ny l mt phn n lc t c s hi ho th thc m Tuyyn b H Ni v Hiu qu vin tr k vng. Mc ch ca hng dn ny l to ra mt vn bn r rng cho nhng ngi thc hin TM Vit Nam. Hng dn ny h tr k thut vic trin khai Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT sa i, song vn ph thuc vo hng dn k thut TM cho tng ngnh. Do vy, hng dn ny cn c r sot v m rng nhng ni dung ca Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT sa i, c tham kho nhng hng dn k thut theo ngnh hin c. Hng dn ny l mt c hi hi ho cc quy nh TM ca Vit Nam vi cc quy nh ang c cc nh ti tr quc t p dng. Hng dn ny dng nh l mt vn bn sng v s c cp nht khi cn thit. 1.1. Mc ch ca Hng dn Mc ch ca hng dn ny l a ra nh hng chung cho nhng ngi thc hin TM v cc c quan qun l v th tc v phm vi xc nh TM. Hng dn TM chung ny a ra y thng tin thit k v thc hin mt TM. Tuy nhin, hng dn ny cn c s dng vi cc hng dn k thut c th ca tng ngnh c xc nh theo hng dn. Hng dn k thut theo ngnh l cn thit cung cp hng dn k thut chi tit v TM cho cc ngnh pht trin khc nhau (nh: ng b, ng st, thu in, nhit in, thu nng, cc nh my giy v bt giy, x l nc thi th, xy dng ni chung) l yu cu bt buc i vi ngi s dng

 hon tt mt TM cho mt d n. Hng dn ny phc v vic thc hin Lut BVMT (2005) v h tr trc tip cc thng t v ngh nh lin quan n vic thc hin Lut BVMT (2005), nh Ngh nh 80/2006/ND-CP, Ngh nh 21/2008/ND-CP, v Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. Hng dn ny c xut p dng cho cc d n yu cu lp TM, khc vi cam kt BVMT.Tuy nhin, hng dn cn c dng lm ti liu tham kho cho nhng ngi xy dng cam kt BVMT. 1.2. Phm vi iu chnh ca Hng dn Hng dn ny m t ton b qu trnh tin hnh nghin cu TM Vit Nam. Hng dn nh hng nghin cu TM theo cc bc di y: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Hiu r c s v cc yu cu v php lut i vi TM; Khng nh mt d n yu cu phi lm TM hay cam kt BVMT; Xc nh vic m t chi tit d n v cc gii php thay th ca d n; Xc nh chi tit cc mi trng t nhin v x hi b tc ng; Tham vn kin cng ng; Tin hnh nh gi tc ng v xc nh tm quan trng ca cc tc ng tim tng; Xc nh cc bin php gim thiu; Xc nh k hoch qun l mi trng trin khai cc bin php gim thiu v gim st hu TM cc bin php gim thiu v cc tc ng ca d n; Cc trch nhim thc hin k hoch qun l v quan trc tun th hu TM.

1.3. i tng s dng Hng dn Nhng i tng di y trc tip tham gia vo qu trnh nghin cu TM: Ch d n: Theo iu 18, im II, Lut BVMT 2005, cc ch d n s thc hin TM v trnh cc c quan qun l mi trng thm nh. Tuy nhin, do bo co TM i hi chuyn mn k thut cao, cho nn ch d n c xu hng thu cng ty t vn hoc nhm chuyn gia t vn lp v trnh bo co TM. Cng ty t vn hoc nhm chuyn gia t vn lp v trnh bo co TM (sau y gi l t vn): T vn s gip ch d n lp v trnh bo co TM thm nh theo quy nh hin hnh ca php lut v theo yu cu ca cc nh ti tr quc t hoc cc t chc cung cp cc khon vay thc hin cc d n. T vn TM bao gm cc chuyn gia thuc cc lnh vc khoa hc c bn, khoa hc x hi, sinh thi, cng ngh, lut php, m hnh ho, v.v T vn TM s iu phi cc hot ng ca cc nhm lin ngnh, xc nh phm vi nghin cu TM, cch tip cn v phng php lun nh gi.

Cng ng dn c b nh hng trc tip t d n (Cng ng): Cng ng ng vai tr quan trng trong qu trnh lp v thm nh bo co TM. Vic tham gia ca cng ng trong qu trnh TM c th tin hnh thng qua s tham gia ca cng ng theo yu cu ti iu 20, Lut BVMT 2005. Theo Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT Ch d n phi gi vn bn thng bo UBND v HND cp x cc hng mc chnh ca d n, cc tc ng mi trng tiu cc ca d n, cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng mi trng tiu cc v yu cu c cam kt bng vn bn. C quan BVMT nh nc trung ng/a phng ni thc hin d n (c quan qun l): Theo iu 21, Lut BVMT 2005, trch nhim thnh lp hi ng thm nh bo co TM c xc nh nh sau: a) B TN&MT c trch nhim thnh lp hi ng hoc t chc la chn cc t chc dch v thm nh, thm nh cc bo co TM ca cc d n thuc thm quyn ph duyt ca Quc hi, Chnh ph v Th tng; v cc d n lin ngnh v lin tnh khc; b) cc b, c quan ngang b v c quan thuc Chnh ph c trch nhip thnh lp hi ng hoc t chc la chn cc t chc dch v thm nh, thm nh cc bo co TM ca cc d n thuc thm quyn quyt nh v ph duyt, tr cc d n lin ngnh v lin tnh; c) UBND cp tnh c trch nhim thnh lp hi ng hoc t chc la chn cc t chc dch v thm nh, thm nh cc bo co TM ca cc d n c tin hnh trn a bn ca tnh v thuc thm quyn quyt nh v ph duyt, v thuc thm quyn ca HND cng cp. n v qun l cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu cng ngh cao: UBND tnh c th u quyn cho n v qun l cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu cng ngh cao theo quy nh trong Nghi nh 29/2008/N-CP ngy 14/03/2008 ca Chnh ph v cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu kinh t. T chc dch v thm nh: l t chc do B TN&MT hoc UBND tnh la chn tin hnh thm nh bo co TM lin quan. T chc dch v thm nh c th tham gia qu trnh thm nh theo quyt nh ca c quan ph duyt d n v s chu trch nhim i vi nhng kin v kt lun ca mnh v cng vic thm nh. Nh ti tr d n: Trong hu ht cc trng hp, cc nh ti tr trong nc v nc ngoi nh Ngn hng th gii (WB), Ngn hng Pht trin Chu (ADB), Ngn hng Hp tc quc t Nht Bn (JBIC), v.v.. u quan tm n vic lp bo co TM v cc bo co TM phi c c quan qun l mi trng c thm quyn ph duyt, nh mt iu kin bt buc quyt nh cho vay. 1.4. Cu trc Hng dn v cch s dng Hng dn ny c cu trc nh mt vn bn hng dn cho mt quy trnh TM. B cc ca hng dn bao gm cc phn di y: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Gii thiu Khung Php lut v TM Vit Nam Khung TM phn cp Vit Nam Tng quan - quy trnh, cc ni dung v nh ngha v TM M t d n Xc nh mi trng t nhin v x hi b tc ng

7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Trin khai nh gi tc ng Tham vn kin cng ng v cng khai thng tin K hoch qun l mi trng Tun th v cng ch hu TM Gii thch thut ng

i vi tng bc trong quy trnh TM, cc ch sau c th gip ngi s dng: a) Mc ch hot ng; b) cch tip cn i vi hot ng; v c) cc mo thc hin hot ng. Trong qu trnh hng dn, ngi s dng s c hng dn h tr cho cc nhm k thut ngnh khi p dng." 1.5. TM l g? Theo Lut BVMT, 2005 nh gi tc ng mi trng l hot ng phn tch v d bo cc tc ng tim tng ca cc d n u t c th i vi mi trng nhm xut nhng bin php bo v mi trng khi tin hnh vic thc hin cc d n. Da vo nh ngha ny, hot ng d bo v phn tch cc tc ng tim tng ca cc d n u t i vi mi trng l rt quan trng. Trong mt nghin cu TM, phn d bo tc ng mi trng lun lun c coi l mt trong nhng ni dung quan trng nht, i hi chuyn mn k thut cao nht ca chuyn gia t vn TM. TM cn c coi l "mt cng c quy hoch qun l mi trng to ra qu trnh: a) xc nh mt cch h thng cc tc ng tim tng v mi trng v x hi ca mt d n; b) xc nh cc bin php gim thiu (ngn nga hoc gim thiu) cc tc ng tiu cc ca mt d n; v c) xc nh cng tc bt buc quan trc mi trng sau xc nh hiu qu ca cc bin php gim thiu, cng nh xc nh cc tc ng thc t ca mt d n. TM l mt qu trnh lng ghp cc cn nhc mi trng vi hot ng quy hoch hoc pht trin d n. TM cn to ra cc phng tin xc nh v a cc kin ca cng ng v cc bn lin quan vo thit k mt d n". 1.6. Cc phng php TM C th p dng cc phng php di y trong mt qu trnh nghin cu TM: S liu thng k: Thu thp v x l cc d liu v thng tin v cc iu kin kh tng, thu vn, kinh t-x hi ti khu vc d n. Danh mc kim tra: phng php ny c s dng thit lp mi quan h gia cc hot ng ca d n vi cc tc ng mi trng. Ma trn: Phng php ny cho php phn tch v nh gi cc tc ng a hng ca cc hot ng d n i vi cc ngun ti nguyn thin nhin v mi trng trong khu vc d n. Mng li: Mc ch ca phng php ny tin hnh phn tch v nh gi cc tc ng song hnh v tip din do cc hot ng d n gy ra, cng nh din gii c s dng khi nim nhn-qu. Phng php ny c p dng nh gi cc tc ng s cp (cp 1) v chui cc tc ng th cp (cc cp 2, 3, 4. ).

So snh: Phng php so snh dng tin hnh nh gi c s dng cc tiu chun v quy chun mi trng hin c Vit Nam; T vn chuyn gia: yu cu cc nhm chuyn gia tin hnh nh gi tc ng mi trng. nh gi mi trng nhanh da trn cc ch th nhim ca Vit Nam v cc nh ti tr quc t (T chc Y t th gii) c tnh thi lng cht nhim t cc hot ng ca d n. Ly mu thc a v phn tch phng th nghim: Phng php ny dng xc nh cc thng s v cc iu kin hin ti v khng kh, nc, ting n ti a im d n v cc khu vc xung quanh. M hnh ho mi trng: m phng cc qu trnh thc t di dng cc hm s ton i vi mi h s. Phng php s c dng gii cc hm s bng my tnh tm cc thng s (hoc h s) cn nm c cc im khc nhau theo khng gian v thi gian. Phn tch chi ph-li ch: y l mt phng php nh gi cc mong mun tng quan gia cc gii php thay th khi tin hnh la chn v o lng bng cc gi tr kinh t to ra cho x hi. Tham vn kin cng ng: Phng php ny c dng trong qu trnh phng vn lnh o v c dn a phng trong khu vc d n. Trng bn GIS: Vic gii m cc hnh nh v tinh i vi khu vc d n v c ng dng h thng tin a l (chng trnh phn mm Acview, Mapinfor, ...) c th gip a ra nhng nh gi tng qut v cc iu kin hin ti ca cc ngun ti nguyn thin nhin, h ng vt v thc vt, t trng v s dng t, cng nh cc vn t nhin khc v cc hot ng kinh t. Cc phng php khc (phng vn c nhn, nh gi nng thn c s tham gia rng ri PRA, v.v...).
2.0. KHUNG PHP LUT TM VIT NAM

2.1. Khung php lut Lut Ti nguyn nc c Quc hi Vit Nam thng qua ngy 20/05/1998; Lut BVMT c Quc hi Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 v Ch tch nc k Php lnh ngy 12/12/2005; Ngh nh 67/2003/N CP ngy 13/6/2003 ca Chnh ph v thu ph BVMT i vi nc thi; Ngh nh 149/2004/N-CP ngy 27/07/2004 ca Chnh ph quy nh thm d, khai thc v s dng ti nguyn nc v x thi nc thi vo ngun nc; Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn thc hin mt s quy nh ca Lut BVMT; Ngh nh 81/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v x pht hnh chnh trong cng tc BVMT;

Ngh nh 04/2007/N-CP ngy 08/01/2007 ca Chnh ph v sa i v b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 67/2003/N-CP ngy 13/06/2003 ca Chnh ph v thu ph BVMT i vi nc thi. Ngh nh 59/2007/N-CP ngy 09/04/2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn; Ngh nh 88/2007/N-CP ngy 28/05/2007 v tiu thot nc cc khu th v khu cng nghip; Ngh nh 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v sa i v b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s quy nh ca Lut BVMT Ngh nh 29/2008/N-CP ngy 14/03/2008 ca Chnh ph v cc quy nh i vi cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu kinh t. Thng t 125/2003/TTLT-BTC-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2003 ca B trng B TN&MT hng dn thc hin Nghi nh 67/2003/N-CP ca Chnh ph v thu ph BVMT i vi nc thi; Thng t 02/2005/TT-BTNMT ngy 24/06/2005 ca B TN&MT hng dn thc hin Ngh nh 149/2004/N-CP ngy 27/07/2004 ca Chnh ph quy nh thm d, khai thc v s dng ti nguyn nc v x thi nc thi ra ngun nc; Thng t 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B TN&MT hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt BVMT; Thng t 12/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B TN&MT gii thch cc iu kin hnh ngh v th tc xin cp giy php, m s qun l cht thi nguy hi; Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 B TN&MT hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt BVMT; Thng t 02/2009/TT-BTNMT ngy 19/03/2009 ca B TN&MT hng dn nh gi sc chu ti ca cc thu vc tip nhn nc thi. Quyt nh 152/1999/Q-TTg ngy 10/07/1999 ca Th tng ph duyt Chin lc qun l cht thi rn cc khu th v cng nghip Vit Nam n 2020; Quyt nh 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B TN&MT v vic bt buc p dng cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam; Quyt nh 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B trng B TN&MT v danh mc cht thi nguy hi; Quyt nh 04/2008/QD-BTNMT ngy 18/07/2008 ca B trng B TN&MT v vic ban hnh cc quy chun k thut mi trng. Quyt nh 16/2008/QD-BTNMT ngy 31/12/2008 ca B trng B TN&MT v vic ban hnh cc quy chun k thut mi trng.

2.2. Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam (TCVN) - TCVN 3985: 1985- Gii hn mc n ti a ni lm vic; TCVN 5949: 1998 - Gii hn mc n ti a cc khu v cng cng v dn c; Cc tiu chun v cc cht gy nhim trong khng kh ni lm vic (cc tiu chun ca B Y t nm 2002); TCVN 5937: 2005 Cht lng khng kh cc tiu chun cht lng khng kh xung quanh; TCVN 5938: 2005 - Cht lng khng kh Mc ti a cho php i vi mt s cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanh; TCVN 5939: 2005 - Cht lng khng kh cc tiu chun kh thi sn xut cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c. TCVN 5940: 2005 - Cht lng khng kh cc tiu chun kh thi sn xut cng nghip i vi mt s cht hu c. TCVN 5945: 2005 Nc thi cng nghip Cc tiu chun cht thi. QCVN 02/2008/TNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi pht thi t cc l t cht thi y t. QCVN 08/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc mt. QCVN 09/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc ngm. QCVN 10/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc ven bin. QCVN 01/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi ch bin cao su t nhin. QCVN 11/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi ch bin hi sn. QCVN 12/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi nh my giy v bt giy. QCVN 13/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi dt. QCVN 14/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot. QCVN 03/2008/TNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v kim loi nng trong t. QCVN15/2008/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v cc ho cht nng nghip trong t.

3.0. KHUNG TM PHN CP VIT NAM

Cc c quan thm nh TM bao gm: Cc c qun BVMT Nh nc trung ng/a phng ni thc hin d n (c quan qun l): Theo iu 21, Lut BVMT, 2005, trch nhim thnh lp hi ng thm nh bo co TM c xc nh nh sau: a) B TN&MT c trch nhim thnh lp hi ng thm nh bo co TM hoc t chc la chn cc t chc dch v thm nh bo co TM ca cc d n thuc thm quyn ph duyt ca Quc hi, Chnh ph v Th tng; v cc d n lin ngnh, lin tnh khc; b) cc b, cc c quan nganh b, c quan thuc Chnh ph c trch nhim thnh lp hi ng hoc t chc la chn cc t chc dch v thm nh bo

co TM ca cc d n thuc thm quyn quyt nh v ph duyt, tr cc d n lin ngnh v lin tnh; c) cc UBND tnh c trch nhim thnh lp hi ng hoc t chc la chn cc t chc dch v thm nh thm nh cc bo co TM ca cc d n thc hin trn a bn tnh v thuc thm quyn quyt nh v ph duyt v bo co HND cng cp. n v qun l cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu cng ngh cao: UBND tnh c th u quyn cho n v qun l cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu cng ngh cao nh c quy nh trong Ngh nh 29/2008/NCP ngy 14/03/2008 ca Chnh ph v cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu kinh t. T chc dch v thm nh: l t chc c B TN&MT hoc UBND tnh la chn tin hnh thm nh cc bo co TM lin quan. T chc dch v thm nh c th tham gia qu trnh thm nh theo quyt nh ca c quan ph duyt d n v chu trch nhim v nhng kin nhn xt, kt lun ca mnh v vic thm nh.

Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s quy nh ca Lut BVMT, iu 7 quy nh danh mc cc d n yu cu trnh bo co TM B TN&MT thm nh v ph duyt. Danh mc 12 nhm d n c trnh by Ph lc 2 ca Ngh nh. Cc d n thuc danh mc ca Ph lc 1, Ngh nh 21/N-CP/2008 nhng khng thuc danh mc Ph lc 2, Ngh nh 80/NCP/2006 phi lp bo co TM v trnh cc b hoc UBND tnh/thnh ph quyt hnh v ph duyt. Hp 1: Trch Ph lc II, Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP Danh mc cc d n lin ngnh, lin tnh thuc trch nhim thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM ca B TN&MT 1. D n c s dng mt phn hoc ton b din tch t ca vn quc gia, khu bo tn thin nhin, khu d tr sinh quyn, khu di sn th gii v khu di tch lch s, vn ho c xp hng cp quc gia; 2. D n nh my in nguyn t, nh my in nhit hch, l phn ng ht nhn; 3. D n nh my nhit in cng sut thit k t 300 MW n di 500 MW c a im nm cch khu th, khu dn c tp trung di 02 km; d n nh my nhit in khc cng sut t 500 MW tr ln; 4. D n nh my thy in, cng trnh thy li c dung tch h cha t 100.000.000 m3 nc tr ln hoc lm nh hng n ngun cung cp nc mt v nc ngm ca t 02 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng tr ln; 5. D n c cht ph rng phng h u ngun, rng phng h chn sng, ln bin, rng c dng t 20 ha tr ln hoc cht ph rng t nhin khc t 200 ha tr ln theo quy hoch chuyn mc ch s dng t c Chnh ph ph duyt; 6. D n nui trng thu sn trn ct c din tch t 100 ha tr ln; 7. D n nh my lc, ho du; d n nh my sn xut ha cht c bn, thuc bo v thc vt, cht ty ra, ph gia, phn ho hc cng sut t 20.000 tn sn phm/nm tr ln; d n sn xut c quy cng sut thit k t 300.000 Wh/nm tr ln; d n nh my sn xut xi mng cng sut t 1.200.000 tn xi mng/nm tr ln; d n nh my, xng sn xut c cha cht phng x hoc pht sinh cht thi phng x;

D n khai thc du kh; d n khai thc khong sn rn cng sut t 500.000 m3/nm tr ln (k c t, thi, qung ngho); d n khai thc khong sn kim loi phng x, t him; d n khai thc nc di t cng sut 50.000 m3 nc/ngy m tr ln, khai thc nc mt cng sut thit k t 500.000 m3 nc/ngy m tr ln; 9. D n xy dng kt cu h tng khu cng nghip, khu ch xut, khu cng ngh cao, cm cng nghip, khu du lch v vui chi gii tr c din tch t 200 ha tr ln; D n xy dng cng cho tu trng ti t 50.000DWT; d n luyn gang thp c cng sut thit k t 300.000 tn sn phm/nm tr ln; 10. D n ti ch cht thi nguy hi, x l v chn lp cht thi nguy hi; 11. D n c t mt hng mc tr ln trong s cc d n th t t 1 n 10; 12. Cc d n khc nu ti Ph lc 1 nm trn a bn 02 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng tr ln.
4.0. TNG QUAN - QUY TRNH, NI DUNG V CC NH NGHA TM

8.

Theo iu 20, Lut BVMT, 2005, bo co TM s bao gm cc ni dung chnh sau y: 1. Lit k, m t chi tit cc hng mc cng trnh ca d n km theo quy m v khng gian, thi gian v khi lng thi cng; cng ngh vn hnh ca tng hng mc cng trnh v ca c d n. 2. nh gi chung v hin trng mi trng ni thc hin d n v vng k cn; mc nhy cm v sc chu ti ca mi trng. 3. nh gi chi tit cc tc ng mi trng c kh nng xy ra khi d n c thc hin v cc thnh phn mi trng, yu t KT-XH chu tc ng ca d n; d bo ri ro v s c mi trng do cng trnh gy ra. 4. Cc bin php c th gim thiu cc tc ng xu i vi mi trng; phng nga, ng ph s c mi trng. 5. Cam kt thc hin cc bin php BVMT trong qu trnh xy dng v vn hnh cng trnh. 6. Danh mc cng trnh, chng trnh qun l v gim st cc vn mi trng trong qu trnh trin khai thc hin d n. 7. D ton kinh ph xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh BVMT trong tng d ton kinh ph ca d n. 8. kin ca UBND x, phng, th trn (sau y gi chung l UBND cp x), i din cng ng dn c ni thc hin d n; cc kin khng tn thnh vic t d n ti a phng hoc khng tn thnh i vi cc gii php BVMT phi c nu trong bo co TM. 9. Ch dn ngun cung cp s liu, d liu v phng php nh gi. Theo Ph lc 4, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B TN&MT hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt BVMT, cu trc bo co TM ca d n c trnh by hp 2 di y.

Hp 2: Cu trc v ni dung ca bo co TM theo Thng t s 08

GII THIU 1. H s d n: Tm tt v xut x, hon cnh ra i ca d n, trong nu r l loi d n mi, d n b sung, d n m rng hay d n loi khc. C quan, t chc c thm quyn ph duyt d n (bo co u t/bo co kinh t-k thut/vn bn d n hoc vn bn tng ng ca d n). Mi lin quan gia d n vi cc k hoch pht trin ca c quan ch qun (xc nh cc k hoch pht trin hin c: tn quyt nh ph duyt hoc k hoch ang c xy dng trnh c quan c thm quyn thm nh v ph duyt). Xc nh c th ni thc hin d n khu kinh t, khu cng ngh cao, khu cng nghip hay khu ch xut? nu xc nh a im th a tn a im thc hin d n. Cc vn bn sau y c gi km theo lm ph lc ca bo co TM: + Quyt nh ca c quan c thm quyn ph duyt bo co TM ca d n pht trin kt cu h tng khu kinh t, khu cng ngh cao, khu cng nghip hay khu ch xut (nu c); + Giy chng nhn vic thc hin v hon thnh cc ni dung bo co TM v cc yu cu trong quyt nh ph duyt TM (nu c) ca c quan c thm quyn (p dng i vi bo co TM ca cc d n pht trin kt cu h tng khu cng ngh cao, khu cng nghip hay khu ch xut ph duyt sau ngy 1 thng 7 nm 2006). 2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin TM - Lit k cc vn bn php lut v vn bn k thut lm cn c cho vic thc hin TM v lp bo co TM ca d n - nu y , chnh xc: m s, tn, ngy ban hnh, c quan ban hnh ca tng vn bn. - Lit k cc tiu chun v quy chun p dng, bao gm cc tiu chun v quy chun ca Vit Nam, cc quy chun k thut ngnh, cc tiu chun v quy chun quc t hoc cc tiu chun khc trong bo co TM ca d n. Lit k ngun ti liu v thng tin tham kho s dng trong qu trnh nghin cu TM (tn thi gian pht hnh, tc gi, a ch xut bn), bao gm: + d liu v thng tin thu thp v tham kho; + d liu th cp do ch d n cung cp. 3. Cc phng php TM p dng Lit k cc phng php TM c p dng trong qu trnh thc hin v lp bo co TM, bao gm cc phng php TM, cc phng php iu tra v phng vn, cc nghin cu, th nghim v cc phng php khc. 4. T chc thc hin TM Nu tm tt v vic t chc thc hin TM v lp bo co TM ca ch d n, trong ch r vic c thu hay khng thu dch v t vn lp bo co TM. Trng hp c thu dch v t vn, nu r tn c quan cung cp dch v; h v tn ngi ng u c quan cung cp dch v; a ch lin h ca c quan cung cp dch v; Danh sch nhng ngi trc tip tham gia lp bo co TM ca d n (bao gm tn cc thnh vin ca c quan ch d n, c quan t vn, giy chng nhn v chuyn mn ca h).

CHNG 1: M T TM TT D N 1.1. Tn d n

Nu chnh xc nh tn trong bo co nghin cu kh thi hay bo co u t ca d n. 1.2. Ch d n Nu tn ca c quan ch d n, a ch v lin h; h tn ngi ng u c quan ch d n. 1.3. V tr a l ca d n M t r rng v tr a l (gm c ta , ranh gii...) ca a im thc hin d n trong mi tng quan vi cc i tng t nhin (h thng ng giao thng; h thng sng sui, ao h v cc vc nc khc; h thng i ni...), cc i tng v kinh t - x hi (khu dn c, khu th, cc i tng sn xut - kinh doanh - dch v, cc cng trnh vn ha - tn gio, cc di tch lch s...) v cc i tng khc xung quanh khu vc d n, km theo s v tr a l th hin cc i tng ny, c ch gii r rng. 1.4. Ni dung ch yu ca d n M t cc hp phn ch yu ca d n theo cc giai on (chun b, xy dng v vn hnh) bao gm: - M t chi tit v khi lng v quy m (khng gian v thi gian) ca tt c cc hng mc cng trnh ca d n, km theo s mt bng tng th b tr tt c cc hng mc cng trnh. Cc cng trnh c phn thnh cc loi sau: + Cc cng trnh chnh phc v mc ch sn xut, kinh doanh, dch v ca d n; + Cc cng trnh ph tr: h tr, phc v cho hot ng ca cng trnh chnh, nh giao thng, vin thng, cung cp in, nc, thot nc ma, thot nc thi, di dn ti nh c, cy xanh mi trng, trm x l nc thi, ni x l hoc trm tp kt cht thi rn v cc cng trnh khc. - M t chi tit, c th v cng ngh thi cng, cng ngh sn xut, cng ngh vn hnh ca d n, ca tng hng mc cng trnh ca d n, km theo s minh ha. Trn cc s minh ha ny phi ch r cc yu t mi trng c kh nng pht sinh, nh: ngun cht thi v cc yu t gy tc ng khc (nu c). - Lit k y cc loi my mc, thit b cn c ca d n km theo ch dn v nc sn xut, nm sn xut, hin trng (cn bao nhiu phn trm hay mi). - Lit k y cc loi nguyn, nhin, vt liu u vo km theo ch dn v tn thng hiu v cng thc ha hc (nu c). - M t chi tit k hoch thc hin cc cng trnh xy dng ca d n t lc khi cng n khi chnh thc a vo vn hnh. Tng kinh ph u t v ngun cp kinh ph d n: nu r chi ph u t cc hot ng BVMT ca d n. T chc qun l v thc hin d n.

CHNG 2: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T-X HI 2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng: - iu kin v a l, a cht: m t chung nhng i tng, hin tng, qu trnh b tc ng bi d n (cc nguyn nhn ca d n lm thay i cc yu t a l, cnh quan; d n lin quan n cc cng trnh ngm th phi m t mt cch chi tit); ch dn ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho, s dng. - iu kin v kh tng - thu vn/ kh tng - hi vn: + iu kin v kh tng: m t chung nhng iu kin kh tng lin quan n d n (nhit khng kh, m, tc v hng gi, nh nng v bc x mt tri, lng ma, ging bo v cc iu kin khc); ch dn ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho, s dng. + iu kin thu/hi vn: m t chung nhng iu kin kh tng thu/hi vn lin quan n d n (mc nc, dng chy, lu lng dng chy v cc iu kin khc); ch dn ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho, s dng. - Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin: m t nhng thnh phn mi trng b tc

ng trc tip bi d n, nh: mi trng khng kh tip nhn ngun kh thi ca d n, c bit l nhng vng b nh hng theo hng gi ch o, ngun nc tip nhn nc thi, t, trm tch v h sinh thi chu nh hng cht thi v cc yu t khc ca d n. Cc yu cu i vi mi trng khng kh, nc v t nh sau: + Ch dn r rng cc s liu o c, phn tch cht lng mi trng ti thi im tin hnh TM (bt buc phi c m s cc im ly mu, c ch dn r rng v thi gian v khng gian; phi c th hin bng cc biu, bng r rng. Cc im ly mu l cc a im b nh hng trc tip bi d n. Quy trnh o c v phn tch phi tun th cc quy chun v tiu chun quan trc v phn tch mi trng hin c; cc kt qu phn tch phi c hon tt v xc nhn ca c quan c thm quyn ph hp vi cc quy nh hin hnh); + nh gi mc nhim mi trng khng kh, nc, t v trm tch, i chng vi cc tiu chun v quy chun k thut mi trng. Trng hp thiu d liu mi trng, s tin hnh nh gi s b v sc chu ti ca mi trng ca khu vc d n da vo cc tiu chun v quy chun mi trng. 2.2. iu kin kinh t - x hi: - iu kin v kinh t: M t tnh hnh cc hot ng kinh t (cng nghip, nng nghip, giao thng, khai khong, du lch, thng mi, dch v v cc ngnh khc) b tc ng bi d n; ch dn ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho, s dng. - iu kin v x hi: M t chung hin trng v hot ng ca nhng cng trnh vn ha, x hi, tn gio, tn ngng, di tch lch s v cc cng trnh lin quan khc trong vng d n; ch dn ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho, s dng. CHNG 3: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG 3.1. nh gi tc ng - nh gi cc tc ng ca d n i vi mi trng t nhin v KT-XH trong tng giai on (chun b, xy dng v vn hnh): vic nh gi s tin hnh chi tit i vi tng ngun tc ng c th xt theo cc quy m khng gian v thi gian (nh gi nh lng v nh tnh chi tit i vi d n) v so snh vi cc quy chun v tiu chun hin hnh, bao gm: + Ngun pht sinh cht thi: Lit k chi tit tt c cc ngun c kh nng pht sinh cc loi cht thi rn, lng, kh cng nh cc loi cht thi khc trong qu trnh trin khai d n. + Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi: xi mn, st l t; bi lng, xi l b sng, b bin; bi lng lng sng, sui, y bin; thay i mc nc mt, nc ngm; xm mn; xm nhp phn, bin i vi kh hu; suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng; bin i a dng sinh vt v cc ngun gy tc ng khc. + i tng, quy m b tc ng: Lit k tt c cc i tng t nhin, kinh t, vn ha, x hi, tn gio, lch s v cc i tng khc b tc ng bi cht thi, bi cc yu t khng phi l cht thi, bi cc ri ro v s c mi trng khi trin khai cc giai on d n (lp, xy dng v vn hnh) trong vng d n v cc vng k cn. - D bo nhng ri ro v s c mi trng do d n gy ra: m t nhng ri ro v s c mi trng c th xy ra bi d n trong qu trnh xy dng v vn hnh. 3.2. Nhn xt mc chi tit v tin cy ca nh gi nh gi mc chi tit v tin cy ca cc TM, cc ri ro v s c mi trng c kh nng xy ra trong tng hp c hoc khng c d n.Nhng vn cn cha chc chn cn c xc nh nguyn nhn, v d thiu thng tin v d liu, s liu khng cp nht, mc chnh xc ca cc phng php nh gi, hiu bit chuyn mn ca nhm chuyn gia, v.v)

CHNG 4: XUT BIN PHP PHNG NGA, GIM THIU V GII QUYT CC TC NG TIU CC V S C MI TRNG Phi xy dng cc bin php gim thiu, phng nga v ng ph vi cc s c mi trng cho tng giai on (chun b, xy dng v vn hnh) d n, v cho tng i tng b tc ng nh quy nh Mc 3.1. Cc bin php phi c xy dng chi tit v c tnh kh thi. 4.1. i vi cc tc ng xu: - Mi loi tc ng xu n mi trng t nhin v KT-XH xc nh u phi c km theo bin php tng ng, c l gii r rng v u im, nhc im, mc kh thi, hiu sut/hiu qu x l. Trong trng hp bin php xut c lin quan n nhiu c quan v cc bn lin quan cn nhc gii php iu phi gii quyt. - Ch d n phi chng minh sau khi p dng bin php th tc ng xu s c gim n mc no, c so snh, i chiu vi cc tiu chun, quy chun. Trng hp khng p ng c yu cu quy nh th phi nu r l do v c nhng kin ngh c th c hng gii quyt. 4.2. i vi s c mi trng xut mt phng n chung v phng nga v ng ph s c, trong nu r: - Ni dung, bin php m ch d n ch ng thc hin; nhn xt, nh gi v tnh kh thi v hiu qu; - Ni dung, bin php cn phi c s hp tc, gip ca cc c quan nh nc v cc i tc khc; - Nhng vn bt kh khng; cc l do v kin ngh cc gii php x l. CHNG 5: CC CHNG TRNH QUN L V QUAN TRC MI TRNG 5.1. Chng trnh qun l mi trng xut mt chng trnh qun l cc vn BVMT trong cc giai on chun b, xy dng v vn hnh d n. Chng trnh qun l mi trng c xy dng da trn cc thng tin v d liu ca cc Chng 1, 3 v 4 v c trnh by di dng bng biu, m t thng tin v cc hot ng ca d n trong cc giai on chun b, xy dng v vn hnh; cc tc ng mi trng v cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu (cc cng trnh x l v qun l cht thi km theo chi tit k thut; cc bin php phng nga s c mi trng, cc bin php khc phc mi trng (nu c), gio dc v o to mi trng v cc bin php gim thiu khc) ; kinh ph thc hin chng trnh qun l mi trng, t chc thc hin v gim st. 5.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng xut mt chng trnh gim st cht thi pht sinh trong cc giai on lp, xy dng v vn hnh d n: 5.2.1. Gim st cht thi: gim st lu lng/tng lng thi v gim st nhng thng s nhim c trng cho cht thi ca d n theo tiu chun, quy chun hin hnh ca Vit Nam, vi tn sut ti thiu 3 thng mt ln. Cc im gim st phi c th hin c th trn s vi ch gii r rng. i vi cc d n pht sinh khi lng ln nc thi, kh thi v c kh nng gy nhim mi trng ng k, s phi thit k h thng quan trc v o c t ng quan trc t ng v lin tc cc thng s nhim c trng v trnh c quan c thm quyn thm nh v ph duyt. 5.2.2. Gim st mi trng xung quanh: Gim st nhng thng s nhim c trng cho d n theo tiu chun, quy chun, quy nh hin hnh ca Vit Nam trong trng hp ti khu vc thc hin d n khng c cc trm, im quan trc chung ca c quan nh nc, vi tn sut ti thiu 6 thng mt ln. Cc im quan trc phi c th hin c th trn s vi ch gii r rng, ph hp vi quy nh hin hnh.

5.2.3 Gim st khc: Phi quan trc xi mn, trt, l t, xi l b sng/sui/b bin, bi lng lng sng, lng sui, lng h, y bin; thay i mc nc mt, nc ngm; xm mn; xm nhp phn; v cc ngun gy tc ng khc n cc i tng t nhin, KT-XH (nu c), vi tn sut ph hp nhm theo di c s bin i theo khng gian v thi gian ca cc yu t ny. Cc im quan trc phi c th hin c th trn s vi ch gii r rng, ph hp vi cc quy nh hin hnh. CHNG 6: THAM VN KIN CNG NG 6.1. kin ca UBND cp x 6.2. kin ca U ban Mt trn T quc (UBMTTQ) cp x (Cc mc 6.1 & 6.2 c nu trong iu 2, Phn III ca Thng t ny). 6.3. Tr li v cam kt ca ch d n i vi UBND v UBMTTQ cp x Ch d n phi tr li chi tit (tn thnh hay khng tn thnh) vi kin nhn xt ca UBND v UBMTTQ cp x; trng hp tn thnh, ch d n phi nu r cam kt c th p ng yu cu/ kin v trnh by thnh mt phn ring km theo bo co TM; trng hp khng tn thnh, phi nu r l do. KT LUN, KIN NGH V CAM KT 1. Kt lun: Kt lun v nhng vn , nh xc nh, nh gi ht cc tc ng cha, cn vn no cha d bo c? nh gi chung v mc , quy m ca nhng tc ng xc nh; mc kh thi ca cc bin php gim thiu v phng nga tc ng; nhng tc ng tiu cc no d n khng th gim thiu v l do. 2. Kin ngh: Kin ngh vi cc c quan lin quan h tr gii quyt nhng vn vt kh nng gii quyt ca d n. 3. Cam kt: Cc cam kt ca d n v vic thc hin chng trnh qun l mi trng, chng trnh quan trc mi trng quy nh Chng 5 (bao gm vic thi hnh cc tiu chun v quy chun k thut mi trng bt buc); thc hin cc cam kt khc i vi cng ng nh m t trong Phn 6.3, Chng 6, bo co TM; tun th cc quy nh BVMT lin quan n cc giai on pht trin d n, bao gm: Cc cam kt v cc bin php v gii php BVMT trong cc giai on chun b, xy dng v vn hnh d n; Cc cam kt v cc bin php v gii php BVMT trong giai on vn hnh d n cho n khi kt thc d n; Cc cam kt bi thng v khc phc nhim trong trng hp xy ra s c v cc ri ro mi trng trong qu trnh trin khai d n; Cc cam kt khc phc mi trng tun th cc quy nh v BVMT khi kt thc d n.

Cc ph lc Cc vn bn di y phi km theo lm ph lc ca bo co TM: Bn sao cc vn bn php lut lin quan n d n; Cc s v bn v lin quan n d n nu cha c trnh by trong bo co TM; Phiu kt qu phn tch cc thnh phn mi trng (khng kh, ting n, nc, t, trm

tch, ti nguyn sinh vt, v.v...) c ch k, h tn v chc v ngi lnh o ca c quan phn tch v ng du; Bn sao cc vn bn tham vn kin cng ng v phiu iu tra x hi (nu c); Cc hnh nh lin quan n vng d n (nu c); Cc vn bn lin quan khc (nu c).

Do vy, cc ni dung TM ca mt d n u t phi bao gm cc phn chnh nh trnh by Hp 2. Nghin cu TM gm c cc phn chnh sau: 1) M t d n; 2) Cc mi trng thin nhin v x hi b tc ng; 3) Tham vn kin ca cng ng i vi cc mi trng b tc ng v nh gi tc ng; 4) Thit lp mi tng quan c h thng gia m t d n vi cc mi trng b tc ng nh gi tc ng; 5) Xc nh cc bin php gim thiu tc ng v quan trc mi trng, xy dng k hoch qun l mi trng; 6) Thm nh bo co TM 7) Gim st tun th hu TM Hnh 1 trnh by cc hp phn chnh trong mt quy trnh TM

Hnh 1: Cc phn chnh trong quy trnh TM

M t d n: Cc giai on tin xy dng, xy dng v hu xy dng

Mi trng b tc ng: Cc ngun ti nguyn v gi tr t nhin v x hi

Phn tch tc ng Chng trnh qun l mi trng (QLMT): a) gim thiu b) quan trc mi trng

Tham vn cng ng

Thm nh Bo co TM

Thc hin Chng trnh QLMT Tun th & Gim st hu TM

Tham vn cng ng

Bng 1 di y trnh by tm lc quy trnh v cc phng php nghin cu TM thch hp i vi mt d n u t. Bng 1: Tm lc quy trnh, cc phng php nghin cu TM Bc Bc 1: Sng lc Ni dung Phng php Sng lc, xc nh cc d n cn nghin - Theo iu 14, Ngh nh cu TM v c quan thm nh 80/2006/N-CP (b sung cc d n an ninh/quc phng v d n khc) - Theo yu cu ca cc t chc ti tr quc t (nu c khon vay ODA) a) Xem xt bn cht v phm vi d n, - Kin ngh v kinh cc iu kin t nhin, KT-XH v mi nghim ca chuyn gia trng ti a im d n v cc vng tham gia ph cn xc nh: - Lm vic tp th (nhm - Cc thnh phn (ch yu) cn nghin chuyn gia) cu TM - Cc khu vc (khng gian) cn nghin cu TM: din tch, n v hnh chnh, vng sinh thi, v.v b) Xy dng cng TM (hoc iu - Nhn xt ca c quan khon tham chiu) tin hnh TM QLMT ph trch thm nh TM, v t vn cng ng xc nh phm vi. Trn c s cng TM, chuyn gia t vn s: a) thu thp t liu, d liu v cc iu - Thu thp & x l d liu kin vt l v mi trng ca h ng - S dng internet, my vt, cc iu kin KT-XH tnh b) tin hnh iu tra, ly mu, phn tch - Phng php chun ly, b sung nh gi cc thnh phn mi bo qun & x l mu: trng c kh nng b tc ng bi d QA/QC n (t, nc, khng kh, ting n, - Cc phng php iu rung, cc hot ng KT-XH, cng trnh tra k thut, tn gio, di sn) - Danh mc kim tra, ma c) xy dng cc bo co k thut v cc trn, m hnh ho mng thnh phn mi trng khu vc nghin li, phn tch KT-XH, cu mi trng d) d bo cc tc ng tim tng ca d - Hiu bit, kinh nghim n theo cc giai on: tin xy dng, + Ti liu tham kho xy dng, vn hnh v: - Cht lng khng kh, - Cht lng v s lng nc (mt v ngm) - Cht lng t - a hnh, cnh quan

Bc 2: Xc nh phm vi

Bc 3: Lp bo co TM

- H sinh thi t - H sinh thi nc - Kinh t - X hi D bo v kt lun r rng ) xut k hoch thay th (cng ngh, a im) e) xut cc bin php gim thiu tc ng tiu cc trong cc giai on(d): - tin xy dng - xy dng - vn hnh (1 hoc nhiu bin php gim thiu cho mi tc ng tiu cc) (cc xut c th v kh thi) g) Cc xut qun l, quan trc, gim - Hiu bit, kinh nghim st mi trng trong cc giai on: + Ti liu tham kho - tin xy dng - xy dng - vn hnh (cc xut c th v kh thi) - Thng bo qua phng h) Cng khai thng tin lin quan TM, tin thng tin i chng, tin hnh tham vn cng ng ly internet kin ca UBND, UBMTTQ v c dn - T ri - Cc cuc hp cng ng a phng vi ngi dn a phng i) Sa i, b sung v hon chnh bo co TM sau khi ly kin ca cng ng. Bc 4: Thm a) Ch d n trnh bo co TM cho c - Cc bin php hnh nh TM quan thm nh (theo phn cp) thm chnh theo quy nh ca nh + bo co nghin cu kh thi (d lut php. n u t) + cc vn bn khc theo quy nh ca Lut BVMT. b) C quan thm nh tin hnh thm nh bo co TM theo quy nh ca Lut BVMT c) C quan ph duyt TM xem xt v ph duyt bo co TM sa i Bc 5: Cc a) Ch d n bo co UBND a - Cc bin php hnh vic sau thm phng v quyt nh ph duyt bo chnh theo quy nh ca nh TM co TM v tin hnh cc bin php lut php.. qun l mi trng v cng ngh theo k hoch c nu trong bo co TM ph duyt. b) C quan ph duyt TM thng bo cho UBND tnh v d n c quyt nh - Cc bin php hnh

ph duyt bo co TM hng dn kim tra v thc hin cc ni dung ghi trong bo co TM ph duyt c) Ch d n tin hnh gim st v quan trc mi trng; c quan qun l mi trng tin hnh gim st mi trng trong giai on vn hnh d n. 4.1. M t d n

chnh theo quy nh ca lut php. - Cc phng php quan trc vt l, sinh hc, x hi v mi trng

Vic m t d n l m t chi tit theo th t thi gian cc hot ng ca mt d n c xut. Cc hot ng ca d n bao gm tham vn kin cng ng v thu hi t cho n cc hot ng gii phng mt bng, cc cng vic lm t v thi cng cc cng trnh cho n cc hot ng vn hnh sau thi cng. Cc hot ng ca d n cn c t chc v trnh by theo 3 giai on chnh ca d n c xc nh l: 1) Tin xy dng; 2) Xy dng; 3) Vn hnh sau xy dng. 4.2. Mi trng b tc ng Mi trng b tc ng l vic m t chi tit c t chc v kim k cc ngun ti nguyn v cc gi tr v mi trng v x hi s hoc c kh nng b tc ng trc tip hay gin tip bi d n. V d, cc ngun ti nguyn mi trng l cht lng nc v ng thc vt qu him v b e do. Cc ngun lc v gi tr x hi l thu nhp v an ton. 4.3. Tham vn kin cng ng Cng ng a phng c vai tr quan trng trong qu trnh lp v thm nh TM. Vic tham gia ca cng ng a phng trong qu trnh TM c th c thc hin thng qua cc yu cu tham gia ca cng ng nh c quy nh trong iu 20, Lut BVMT, 2005. Theo Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT Ch d n s gi vn bn n UBND v HND cp x thng bo cc ni dung chnh ca d n, cc tc ng mi trng tiu cc ca d n, cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng v yu cu cam kt bng vn bn. Trong trng hp UBND hoc UBMTTQ cp x yu cu ch d n phi phi hp i thoi. Kt qu i thoi c ghi thnh bin bn, phn nh y mi kin nhn xt, k c cc kin tn thnh hay khng tn thnh ca ch u t; bin bn phi c ch k (tn, chc danh) ca ch to cuc i thoi, ch d n v i din ca ch d n; cng nh danh sch nhng ngi tham gia km theo. Cc kin tn thnh v khng tn thnh do UBND v UBMTTQ cp x v cc i biu tham gia i thoi a ra, phi c phn nh trong ni dung bo co TM. Cc vn bn nhn xt ca UBND v UBMTTQ cp x v cc cuc tham vn cng ng khc (nu c) phi c sao v nh km trong phn ph lc ca bo co TM ca d n.

4.4. nh gi tc ng Phn ny l trng tm ca mt nghin cu TM. Thit lp mi lin quan c h thng gia cc hot ng ca d n vi cc mi trng b tc ng xc nh cc thnh phn mi trng v x hi no s hoc c kh nng b tc ng tiu cc bi d n (xem hp 2). 4.5. Cc bin php gim thiu tc ng v gim st mi trng Bin php gim thiu l bin php c th tin hnh nhm phng nga hoc gim ln ca tc ng tiu cc ca d n. V d cc bin php gim thiu l thay i thi gian hay a im mt hot ng, gii phng mt bng khu vc c tnh nhy cm nh con ngi hoc bi thng. Vic quan trc l tin hnh cc o c cc thnh phn t nhin v x hi c gi tr xc nh xem: a) c gim thiu c khng; v b) tc ng thc s ca d n (xem hp 2). 4.6. Chng trnh qun l mi trng (QLMT) Phn ny xy dng mt chng trnh qun l cc vn mi trng trong cc giai on chun b a im, xy dng cng nh vn hnh d n. Chng trnh QLMT c xy dng trn c s cc d liu di dng ma trn, bao gm cc hot ng ca d n trong cc giai on thi cng v vn hnh, cc tc ng mi trng, cc bin php gim thiu tc ng tiu cc, kinh ph thc hin, thi gian thc hin, c quan thc hin, c quan gim st chng trnh. 4.7. Lp bo co TM 4.7.1. Cu trc bo co TM Cu trc bo co TM phi tun th cc ni dung trong Ph lc 4, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ca B TN&MT. Mc d hin nay cu trc ny c nhng vn cha ph hp, nhng trong tng lai khi tin hnh sa i Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT, s iu chnh cu trc bo co TM theo cch c th phn nh y cc yu cu ca Lut BVMT v Ngh nh 80/2006/ND-CP ca Chnh ph v mt khc, hi ho vi cu trc v cc ni dung bo co TM ang c cc t chc quc t thng hay p dng. 4.7.2. Cc yu cu lp bo co TM Do bo co TM l mt ti liu ch d n s dng trong nh gi cc tc ng mi trng, xut cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc n cc iu kin t nhin, KT-XH, cng nh l ti liu s c cc c quan Nh nc thm nh v ph duyt, cho nn vic trnh by bo co cn phi p ng cc yu cu sau: 1) S dng vn phong ca bo co k thut vi ni dung r rng v lgc; 2) Khng nn s dng cc cch din t ti ngha hoc nhiu ngha; cn phi trnh by r rng, d hiu m bo mi c nhn v t chc tham gia hiu ng; 3) Gii thch chi tit, nh lng cc tc ng quan trng ca d n mc c th; cch vit vng vo, rm ri l khng thch hp; trnh cc vn th cp

khng quan trng (v d: Bo co TM mt nh my thu in cn phi tp trung vo nhng bin i c d bo v cc iu kin thu vn, dng chy, xi l di h lu, cht lng nc h, di di v ti nh c, .. hn l d bo lng bi, cht thi sinh hot). 4) Cc d liu, thut ng k thut s dng trong bo co phi tun th cc quy nh p dng Vit Nam. 5) Hnh nh, s , bng biu phi c ch thch v r rng; thch hp nht l in mu; 6) Bo co TM phi bao gm cc tiu theo th t di y: Danh sch ngi tham gia nghin cu TM (c th gii thiu vai tr ca tng ngi trong nghin cu TM); Gii thch thut ng; Mc lc; Danh mc cc hnh; Danh mc bng biu; Trch yu bo co TM; Ni dung chnh ca bo co TM (cc chng, cc phn); Ti liu tham kho; Ph lc (nu nhiu ph lc, c th ng ring thnh tp ph lc ca bo co)

7) B d liu v cc iu kin thi tit, thu vn, cht lng mi trng, a dng sinh vt: d liu chi tit v s v d n; cc phng php o, phn tch, tnh ton, kt qu d bo, v.vc tm lc trong phn ni dung chnh bo co v a vo ph lc m bo cc ni dung ca bo co theo mt trnh t hp l v r rng. 4.7.3. Phn trch yu bo co TM Phn trch yu cn tm lc cc ni dung chnh ca bo co mt cch r rng. Phn trch yu l phn cc nh ra quyt nh c v hiu cc vn mi trng ca d n cng nh cc bin php gim thiu s p dng i vi cc tc ng tiu cc, cho nn phn trch yu ny cng chi tit cng tt, thch hp nht l 10% khi lng ca phn ni dung chnh. 4.8. Thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM Thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM, xc nhn vic thc hin ni dung bo co TM phi tun th nghim ngt cc quy nh ca php lut. Thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM c quy nh chi tit trong Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008. Thng t ny cn quy nh cc hot ng c th v vic thc hin, xc nhn v chng nhn vic thc hin ni dung bo co TM. Phn di trnh by nhng ni dung c trch t Thng t ny.

4.8.1. H s thm nh bo co TM 1). Ch d n gi h s thm nh bo co TM cho cc c quan c thm quyn thm nh TM theo quy nh ti khon 7 iu 21, Lut BVMT. 2). S v mu h s thm nh c quy nh nh sau: a) 01 (mt) vn bn ngh thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM ca ch u t theo mu quy nh ti Ph lc 6 ca Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT; b) 07 (by) bn bo co TM c ng quyn theo mu quy nh ti Ph lc 7 ca Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT, c ch k, tn v chc danh ca ch d n v ng du trang ph ba ca mi bo co. c) 01 (mt) bn d tho bo co nghin cu kh thi hoc bo co u t d n. 3). Trong trng hp hi ng thm nh c nhiu hn 7 thnh vin hoc trong trng hp cn thit khc do yu cu thm nh, ch d n phi cung cp thm s lng bo co TM theo yu cu ca c quan thm nh. 4.8.2. Thm nh bo co TM thng qua Hi ng thm nh Cc yu cu i vi bo co TM c quy nh ti iu 22, Lut BVMT v c trch dn trong Hp 3. Hp 3: Ph duyt TM iu 22: Ph duyt bo co TM 1. C quan thnh lp hi ng thm nh bo co TM c trch nhim xem xt v ph duyt bo co TM sau khi c thm nh. 2. C quan ph duyt bo co TM c trch nhim xem xt khiu ni, kin ngh ca ch d n, cng ng dn c, t chc c nhn lin quan trc khi ph duyt. 3. Trong thi hn 15 ngy lm vic, k t ngy nhn c bo co TM c chnh sa t yu cu theo kt lun ca hi ng thm nh, t chc dch v thm nh, th trng c quan quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny, phi xem xt, quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM; nu khng ph duyt th phi tr li bng vn bn nu r l do cho ch d n bit. 4. Cc d n quy nh ti iu 18 ca Lut ny ch c ph duyt, cp php u t, xy dng, khai thc sau khi bo co TM c ph duyt. 1) Sau khi nhn h s hp l xin thm nh, c quan thm nh s thnh lp hi ng thm nh; s thnh vin trong hi ng thm nh c quyt nh theo cc quy nh cc khon 2,3 v 4 iu 21, Lut BVMT, cng nh tu theo cht lng v quy m d n, cc yu cu v mi trng, nhng t nht l 7 thnh vin. Vic t chc v hot ng ca hi ng thm nh phi tun th quy nh v t chc v hot ng ca hi ng thm nh MC v hi ng thm nh TM quy nh trong Thng t 13/2009/TT-BTNMT ngy 18 thng 8 nm 2008 do B trng B TN&MT k ban hnh.

2)

4.8.3. Thm nh bo co TM thng qua t chc dch v thm nh

1)

Cc t chc c chn tin hnh thm nh bo co TM phi p ng cc iu kin di y: a) phi c chuyn gia c trnh v chuyn mn lin quan n nhng yu cu thm nh bo co TM; b) phi c c s iu kin k thut- vt cht, cc phng tin, thit b cn thit cht lng v ng tin cy o c, ly, x l, phn tch cc mu mi trng v cc mu lin quan khc ph hp vi cc c tnh v a im d n; trong trng hp khng p ng cc yu cu, phi hp ng thu cc t chc, c nhn c trnh . c) Thc hin cc yu cu khc lin quan n php lut.

2)

Hot ng ca cc t chc dch v thm nh tun th cc quy nh do B TN&MT ban hnh.

4.8.4. Hon thnh bo co TM 1) Trong 3 ngy sau khi nhn c kt qu ca hi ng thm nh hoc t chc dch v thm nh, c quan thm nh phi c vn bn bo co kt qu thm nh cho ch d n v cc yu cu hon thnh hoc chnh sa bo co TM. Trong trng hp bo co TM cn c chnh sa, ch d n tin hnh chnh sa, k gc tri pha di mi trang v sao s lng cc trang chnh sa v gi cc c quan thm nh, km theo cc vn bn gii thch chnh sa xem xt v ph duyt: a) i vi bo co TN thuc thm quyn ph duyt ca B TN&MT, phi c s lng bo co gi: B TN&MT (4 bn v 1 bn trn a CD); UBND tnh ni thc hin d n (1 bn); B/c quan ngnh qun l d n (1 bn). Trong trng hp a im thc hin d n thuc t 2 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng tr ln, s lng bo co TM s tng tng ng vi s tnh, thnh ph. i vi bo co TM thuc thm quyn ph duyt ca cc b, c quan ngang b v c quan thuc Chnh ph, cn phi gi y s lng bo co theo cc a ch sau: cc b ch qun, b ngnh (3 bn v 1 a CD); UBND ni thc hin d n (1 bn); B TN&MT (1 bn) i vi bo co TM thuc thm quyn ph duyt ca UBND tnh, phi gi s lng bo co cho UBND ni thc hin d n 3 bn v 1 a CD.

2)

b)

c)

4.8.5. Thm nh li bo co TM 1) 2) Trong trng hp bo co TM cha c hi ng thm nh ph duyt, th t chc thm nh li bo co TM theo yu cu ca ch d n. Vic thm nh li bo co TM s do hi ng hoc t chc dch v thm nh thm nh ln trc tin hnh; trong trng hp cn thit, c quan c

thm quyn ph duyt bo co TM thnh lp hi ng thm nh mi hoc la chn t chc dch v thm nh mi thm nh. 4.8.6. Ph duyt bo co TM 1) 2) Quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM phi theo mu quy nh trong Ph lc 8, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. Trong trng hp cha nu y cc tc ng mi trng tiu cc c kh nng xy ra trong bo co TM do cc nguyn nhn khch quan, nh khng c s liu chi tit v d n hoc hin trng v nng lc mi trng, phn tch ri ro cha tin cy v trng hp bt kh khng, c quan c thm quyn ph duyt cn ch n cc yu cu t ra trong quyt nh ph duyt

4.8.7. Xc nhn v gi h s bo co TM ph duyt 1) 2) Sau khi ph duyt bo co TM, c quan c thm quyn ph duyt xc nhn mt sau trang ba ph ca mi bo co TM theo mu quy nh trong Ph lc 9 ca Thng t ny. C quan c thm quyn ph duyt c trch nhim gi bo co TM c xc nhn cho ch d n v cc c quan lin quan khc theo quy nh ti khon 9, phn III ca Thng t ny; gi bn gc v cc bn sao quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM theo quy nh ti cc khon 1- 2, iu 15, Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP.

4.8.8. Lp, thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM b sung Theo quy nh ti khon 4, iu 19, Lut BVMT Trng hp c thay i v quy m, ni dung, thi gian trin khai, thc hin, hon thnh d n th ch d n c trch nhim gii trnh vi c quan ph duyt; trng hp cn thit phi lp bo bo nh gi tc ng mi trng b sung.

Bo co TM b sung cn phi lp khi d n c nhng thay i nhiu c kh nng gia tng cc tc ng mi trng. Cc thay i ca d n c th chia thnh 4 nhm: a) Thay i cng sut thit k khng iu chnh cng ngh, din tch t v a im d n. b) Thay i cng ngh v cng sut khng iu chnh din tch t v a im d n. c) Thay i din tch t (m rng) khng iu chnh cng ngh, cng sut v a im d n. d) Thay i a im d n (di di). i vi 2 trng hp u (a,b), bao co TM b sung v c bn da vo bo co thm nh, b sung cc nh gi v d bo mi/b sung v cc tc ng tim tng do

thay i cng sut v/hoc cng ngh gy ra, vo nu cc bin php gim thiu ph hp. Trong trng hp (c), bo co TM b sung phi b sung cc d bo v nh gi cc tc ng KT-XH a phng v cc tc ng mi trng do m rng a im d n, c xut cc bin php gim thiu tng ng. Trng hp (d) di di d n, yu cu phi lp bo co TM mi c p dng quy trnh TM cp. Bo co TM trong trng hp thay i d n cng cn c c quan c thm quyn ph duyt. 1) Theo quy nh khon 1, iu 13 ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP, ch d n c trch nhim lp bo co TM b sung trnh c quan thm nh TM thm nh v ph duyt trc khi trin khai vic thc hin d n. Bo co TM b sung phi phn nh cu trc v cc yu cu cht lng v ni dung nh c quy nh trong Ph lc 10, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT S lng v mu h s thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM b sung c quy nh nh sau: a) b) 01 cng vn yu cu thm nh v ph duyt bo co TM theo quy nh ti Ph lc 11 Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT; 05 bn sao bo co TM b sung ng quyn, theo quy nh Ph lc 12, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT, c tn, ch k v chc danh ca ch d n v ng du trang ba ph ca mi bo co. Trng hp cn thit do yu cu thm nh, ch d n phi gi thm s lng bo co TM b sung theo yu cu ca c quan thm nh. 01 bn sao bo co TM c ph duyt trc y; 01 bn sao c xc nhn Quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM trc y; 01 bo co gii trnh nhng thay i v ni dng ca d n.

2) 3)

c) d) e) 4)

Vic thm nh bo co TM b sung da trn cc kin nhn xt bng vn bn ca cc nh khoa hc, cn b qun l c trnh v chuyn mn lin quan; trong trng hp cn thit, bt buc phi c kin nhn xt ca c quan qun l nh nc v BVMT ni thc hin d n. Cc kin nhn xt, nh gi phi theo mu quy nh ti Ph lc 13 ca Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. Trng hp h s xin thm nh khng hp l v khng cht lng, trong vng 05 ngy lm vic k t ngy nhn h s, c quan thm nh c thm quyn phi c vn bn thng bo cho ch d n l do sa i v chnh sa.

5)

6)

Quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM b sung phi theo ng mu quy nh ti Ph lc 13 ca Thng t ny v km theo bo co TM c ph duyt trc y. Trng hp khng ph duyt, c quan ph duyt c thm quyn phi tr li bng vn bn c gii thch chi tit. Bo co TM b sung c ph duyt phi c xc nhn mt sau trang ba ph theo mu quy nh ti Ph lc 8 ca Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. Phi gi s lng bo co TM c ph duyt v xc nhn, km theo quyt nh ph duyt b sung cho cc a ch nhn bo co TM trc y.

7) 8)

4.9. Thc hin Chng trnh QLMT 4.9.1. Ni dung v mu bo co, thng bo ca ch d n v thc hin cc ni dung bo co TM 1) Vn bn bo co UBND cp huyn ni thc hin d n v ni dung quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM c xy dng theo mu quy nh Ph lc 15, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. 2) Bn tm tt bo co TM c ph duyt phi son theo mu quy nh Ph lc 16, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. 3) Bo co v k hoch xy dng cng trnh x l v bo v mi trng phi xy dng theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 17, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. 4) Bo co k hoch vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l v bo v mi trng phi xy dng theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 18, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. 5) Bo co thc hin cc ni dung v yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM phi xy dng theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 19, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. 6) Vn bn yu cu chng nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung v yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM ca d n phi theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 20, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. 4.9.2. Kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung ca bo co TM, bo co TM b sung 1) C quan c thm quyn ph duyt bo co TM c i din, phi hp vi c quan qun l nh nc v BVMT a phng t chc kim tra xc nhn vic thc hin bo co TM ph duyt theo quy nh cc im c v d, khon 3, iu 15, Ngh nh 80/2006/ND-CP. Trng hp cn thit, c quan c thm quyn ph duyt bo co TN thnh lp t kim tra, xc nhn. Quyt nh thnh lp t kim tra, xc nhn phi theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 21, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. 2) Vic kim tra, xc nhn cc hot ng chng nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung trong bo co TM v cc yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM d n c quy nh ti khon 3, iu 16, Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP, bao gm:

a) Nghin cu v xem xt h s ngh xc nhn ca ch d n; b) T chc kim tra, xc nhn ni thc hin d n. 3) Cc kt qu kim tra, xc nhn c trnh by trong bin bn theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 22, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT v phi c i din ca cc c quan c thm quyn kim tra, xc nhn v ch d n v c quan qun l nh nc BVMT, k. 4.9.3. Xc nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung bo co TM v cc yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM 1) Giy xc nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung bo co TM v cc yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM phi theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 21, Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT. Trng hp cha iu kin xc nhn, c quan ph duyt c thm quyn c trch nhim thng bo l do cho ch d n. 2) Giy xc nhn phi km theo quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM tin kim tra v gim st 4.9.4. Kim tra k thut cng trnh x l v bo v mi trng 1) Vic kim tra k thut cc cng trnh x l v BVMT phi tun th cc quy nh php lut v u t v xy dng 2) Cc t chc thit k, xy dng cc cng trnh hay hp phn cc cng trnh x l v BVMT khng c php tin hnh kim tra k thut i vi cc cng trnh hoc cc hp phn ca cc cng trnh . 4.10. Tun th v gim st hu TM Trch nhim thc hin cc ni dung bo co TM c quy nh trong iu 23 Lut BVMT v c trch dn trong Hp 4. Hp 4: Quy nh trch nhim thc hin cc ni dung bo co TM iu 23: Trch nhim thc hin v kim tra vic thc hin cc ni dung trong bo co TM 1. Ch d n c trch nhim sau y: a) Bo co vi UBND ni thc hin d n v ni dung ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM; b) Nim yt cng khai ti a im thc hin d n v cc loi cht thi, cng ngh x l, thng s, tiu chun v cht thi, cc gii php BVMT cng ng dn c bit, kim tra, gim st; c) Thc hin ng, y cc ni dung BVMT nu trong bo co TM v cc yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM; d) Thng bo cho c quan ph duyt bo co TM kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung ca bo co v yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo

co TM; ) Ch c a cng trnh vo s dng sau khi c c quan c thm quyn kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin y yu cu quy nh ti cc im a, b v c khon ny. 2. C quan ph duyt bo co TM c trch nhim sau y: a) Thng bo ni dung quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM do mnh ph duyt, cho UBND cp tnh ni thc hin d n; UBND cp tnh thng bo ni dung quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM do mnh hoc b, c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph ph duyt cho UBND huyn, qun, th x, thnh ph thuc tnh (sau y gi chung l UBND cp huyn), UBND cp x ni thc hin d n; b) Ch o, t chc kim tra, gim st vic tun th cc ni dung trong bo co TM c ph duyt.
5.0 M T D N

5.1. M t s lc d n Da vo vn bn d n u t, bo co thuyt minh kinh t-k thut ca d n, m t s lc d n s c tm lc nh sau: 5.1.1. Tn d n: tn chnh xc c gi trong d n u t, bo co thuyt minh kinh t-k thut hoc bo co tng t khc ca d n. 5.1.2. Ch d n: H tn ca ch d n, a ch lin h, chc danh v chc v ca lnh o ch d n. 5.1.3. a im a l ca d n M t chi tit hnh thi a l (bao gm to , ng ranh gii...) ca a im d n lin quan n cc yu t t nhin (h thng ng s; h thng sng, sui, h, ao; ni v i...), cc yu t KT-XH (khu dn c, khu dn c th, cc hot ng sn xutkinh doanh- dch v, cng trnh vn ho, tn gio, di tch lch s...) v cc yu t khc xung quanh a im d n; km theo bn a l c chi tit v cc yu t trn v ch gii r rng. 5.2. Thc hin thi cng d n 5.2.1. K hoch d dng t M t chi tit k hoch s dng t ca d n, bao gm cc din tch xy dng cc h thng x l nc thi, to nh vn phng, cng trnh h tng (ng s, cng, cp nc v cp in, vin thng, khu tp ktcht thi rn); din tch cy xanh v mt nc, v.v Trnh by din tch tng cng trnh v t l trn tng din tch t ca d n. Km theo s v bn b tr s dng t. 5.2.2. Thu hi t, n b v ti nh c M t chi tit iu kin s dng t hin ti ca khu vc d n, bao gm cc s liu cy trng, cng trnh, s h gia nh v ngi dn b nh hng, s m m phi di di,

v.v...; c ton chi ph n b v k hoch ti nh c (s h ti nh c, khu vc ti nh c). 5.2.3. Cng vic v t M t chi tit khi lng t o v gii php t; cao san lp nn, c tnh vt liu san lp cn c, cc ngun cung cp vt liu san lp, phng thc vn chuyn (ng b hay ng thu). 5.2.4. Cc hot ng thi cng c bn M t chi tit cc hot ng thi cng c bn, bao gm vic pht trin h thng x l nc thi, kho vt t, nhin liu v nh kho ho cht, to nh vn phng; h thng cng trnh h tng (ng s, cp in, chiu sng, cp, thot nc, vin thng, h thng x l nc thi, ni tp kt cht thi rn); c tnh tng khi lng vt t xy dng cn c (, xi mng, ct, gch, thp, v.v); cc ngun cung ng vt t v phng thc vn chuyn; xy dng bn h thng vn chuyn ng b, h thng cp, thot nc. 5.2.5. Trng cy M t chi tit h thng, din tch cy xanh. Tng din tch cy xanh t nht l 15% tng din tch khu vc d n. H thng cy xanh phi c th hin trn bn d n. 5.3. Vn hnh d n 5.3.1. Sn phm v cng sut M t sn phm v cng sut theo n v thi gian (v d ngy/thng /nm). 5.3.2. Cng ngh sn xut Phn ny m t chi tit cng ngh sn xut tu theo loi hnh d n. 5.3.3. Thit b v my mc Nhng hng mc v thit b thi cng chnh ca d n u t phi c tm lc trong bng 2. Bng 2: Hng mc, thit b thi cng chnh ca d n c xut TT. Hng mc n v S lng Chi tit k thut Ghi ch

5.3.4. Nhu cu ho cht, in, nc Bng 3 trnh by nhu cu ho cht, in v nc vn hnh d n.

Bng 3: TT

Nhu cu ho cht, in, nc vn hnh d n

Hng mc

n v

nh mc/m3 nc thi

Khi lng (kg/ngy)

5.3.5. Nhn vin v t chc thc hin Phn ny trnh by s lng nhn vin v cng nhn ca d n; s ngy lm vic trong nm, s gi lm vic mt ca, s ca lm vic mt ngy; cng nh t chc thc hin v qun l d n. Ngoi ra, cn xem xt n ngun nhn lc v o to. 5.4. u t d n M t tng kinh ph u t v cc ngun cp kinh ph ca d n; xc nh c th kinh ph thi cng, mua sm thit b, k c kinh ph cho cc cng trnh BVMT 5.5. Thi gian thc hin d n M t k hoch thi gian thi cng cc cng trnh xy dng t giai on tin thi cng cho n hon thnh thi cng v vn hnh.
6.0. NH GI IU KIN T NHIN V KT-XH KHU VC B TC NG

6.1. Yu cu d liu v iu kin mi trng t nhin v KT-XH Chng ny s nh gi cht lng mi trng trong khu vc d n bng cc d liu quan st v o c cc thng s mi trng in hnh b tc ng bi cc hot ng ca d n. Cc d liu v iu kin mi trng hin ti ca khu vc d n l c s khoa hc nh gi cac tc ng mi trng v hiu qu ca cc bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng. Cc d liu v iu kin mi trng hin ti ca khu vc d n phi p ng cc yu cu sau: tin cy, chnh xc v r rng v ngun gc: c th thu thp d liu t cc ngun khc nhau, nh trm quan trc quc gia/ tnh, cc cng trnh nghin cu khoa hc, s liu iu tra chnh thc hoc t quan trc v iu tra trong qu trnh lp bo co TM. Cc d liu ny phi c thu thp, iu tra v o c trong cc khu vc d n v cc khu vc xung quanh b tc ng trc tip bi cc hot ng ca d n. Cc d liu cn c x l s b, m ho phn tch v nh gi.. Cc d liu cn c bc tch theo cc nhm, phn nh cc c trng ca khu vc d n. Cc phng php iu tra, o c, ly mu v phn tch phi tun th cc tiu chun v quy chun hin hnh. Trng hp thiu tiu chun v quy chun, s p dng

cc tiu chun nc ngoi vi iu kin c cc c quan qun l mi trng lin quan chp thun. Thit b, cng c o c ti hin trng iu tra v trong phng th nghip phi c chun ho. 6.2. Thng s mi trng v KT-XH Vic thu thp d liu, iu tra v quan trc s c tin hnh chun mc to c s nh gi cc iu kin mi trng hin ti trc khi bt u d n v phc v vic d bo nhng thay i mi trng khi thc hin d n. Vic thu thp d liu phi c tin hnh trong khu vc d n v cc khu vc xung quanh. Cc iu kin mi trng t nhin, KT-XH hin ti ca khu vc d n v cc khu vc xung quanh c th xc nh da vo cc thng s m t trong bng 4 di y. Bng 4. Cc ch s mi trng v ti nguyn cn thit trong bo co TM d n Mi trng & ti nguyn (1) (2) 1. iu kin t nhin TT. 1.1 a l 1.2 a hnh, a vt Thng s (3) M t tn, to v iu kin a l khu vc d n. a im d n lin quan n cc khu vc xung quanh. Phng php iu tra & quan trc (4) Ti liu d n hay atlas quc gia

1.3

iu kin kh tng-thu vn

Ti liu d n hay M t chi tit a hnh khu vc d n iu kin a l/a (i, ni, ng bng, v.v) cht khu vc d n - Nhit - Lng ma v m Ti liu ca trm kh - Ch gi tng-thu vn v - Hin tng kh hu bin i d liu quan trc - Lu lng/vn tc dng chy, mc hin trng nc ca ngun tip nhn nc thi

2. c im KT-XH S liu thng k ca C dn sng trong khu vc d n v a phng v cc 2.1 Dn s v vic lm c dn b tc ng do thc hin d n d liu iu tra, phng vn Pht trin d n lin quan n k S liu quy hoch 2.2 Kinh t hoch pht trin KT-XH a ca a phng. phng/tnh/vng. - Chm sc sc kho, sc kho cng ng. - Cc bnh lin quan n nc, bnh S liu thng k v 2.3 iu kin x hi h hp. iu tra. - H thng v iu kin gio dc, nng cao nhn thc cng ng - Vic lm v tht nghip

- Cc cng trnh lch s, vn ho c gi tr trong khu vc d n hoc khu vc xung quanh, c th b tc ng bi S liu thng k v 2.4 Lch s, vn ho thc hin d n. iu tra. - Phong tc truyn thng ca dn a phng c th nh hng n qu trnh thc hin d n. 3. Ngun ti nguyn thin nhin - Tng din tch t nhin v cht lng t S liu thng k v 3.1 t - iu kin s dng t hin ti (nng iu tra. nghip, lm nghip, chuyn dng, dn c v cc loi khc) - iu kin thu vn khu vc d n (sng, h, mng) S liu thng k v 3.2 Nc mt - Hin trng s dng ti nguyn nc iu tra b sung. trong khu vc d n - iu kin thu vn khu vc d nS liu thu thp v (tng cha, tr lng, khi lng v iu tra b sung. Nc ngm (v 3.3 cht lng nc ngm). nc khong) - Hin trng khai thc, s dng nc ngm. S liu thm thc vt, h ng, thc S liu thu thp v 3.4 Ti nguyn sinh vt vt trong khu vc d n, c bit l iu tra b sung cc loi b e do c trong Sch . 4. Cng trnh h tng v dch v - c im cc tuyn giao thng Ti liu ca cc c (ng b, thu) lin quan n hot quan lin quan v 4.1 Giao thng ng vn chuyn ca d n. chnh quyn a - Tai nn v s c giao thng. phng 4.2 Dch mi v, thng iu kin dch v, thng mi hin ti v cc tim nng Ti liu ca cc c quan lin quan v chnh quyn a phng

5. Hin trng cht lng mi trng vt l - Tng Phenol - Kim loi nng 5.1 Cht lng t - Du, m - Thuc tr su

- Trc quang - Hp th sc k - Sc k kh, lng hiu sut cao (HPLC)

5.2

Cht lng nc mt

- Nhit - pH - Cht rn l lng - c - Mu - xy ho tan (DO) - Nhu cu xy sinh hc (BOD5) - Nhu cu xy ho hc (COD) - Clorua - Tng st (Fe) - Hm lng du, m - Tng Phenol - H b mt - E.Coli - Tng Coliform - Nhit - pH - c - Mu - Tng cht rn ho tan - Clorua - Tng st (Fe) - Hm lng du, m - Tng Phenol - Ht b mt - E.Coli - Tng Coliform

- Nhit k - My o pH in cc thu tinh - B lc v sy 1050C - o c - o mu - Winhle hay in cc xy - Nhu cu xy 5 ngy 200C - xy ho bng K2Cr2O7 - So mu sc k - Hp th sc k - Sc k, TCVN 50701995 - Lc v nui cy 430C - Nhit k - My o pH in cc thu tinh - o c - o mu - o khong - So mu sc k - Hp th sc k - Sc k kh, TCVN 5070-1995 - Lc v nui cy 430C - Sc k kh TCVN 5972-1995 hoc phng php th FolinCiocalteur Phng php Tetrachloromercurate (TCM/ pararosanilin) theo TCVN 5971-1995 - Phng php GrissSaltman theo ISO 6768/1995 - o s lng theo TCVN 5067-1995 - Sc k kh - My o n - My o rung

5.3

Cht lng nc ngm

- SO2 - NH3 - H2S Cht lng khng 5.4 - Tng bi ht l lng (TSP) kh - Tng hydrocarbon (THC) - Aldehyde

5.5 n 5.6 rung

- L50 - Leq - Lmax - Gia tc - Vn tc - Tn s

6.3. X l s liu theo cc thng s mi trng t nhin v KT-XH Cc s liu mi trng v KT-XH thu thp s c x l trnh by r rng trong bo co TM. Phn di l mt s hng dn k thut nh gi cht lng tng thnh phn mi trng: 6.3.1. Ti nguyn t Ti nguyn t c nh gi da trn s liu iu tra hin trng s dng t. Cc s liu ny phi c nh gi nh lng nh trnh by bng 5. Bng 5: Hin trng s dng t trong khu vc d n TT 01 02 03 04 Mc ch s dng t t nng nghip t lm nghip t dn c Mc ch khc Tng din tch t nhin 2006 Din tch (ha) 2007 2008 2010 Ghi ch

Hm lng kim loi nng, du, m, tng phenol v khi lng thuc tr su trong t khu vc d n phi c phn tch nh gi iu kin nhim t v cc tc ng ca d n i vi cht lng t khi d n vn hnh. 6.3.2. Cht lng nc Vic nh gi cht lng mi trng nc ngm v nc mt phi da trn cc kt qu o c v phn tch cc mu nc. Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc c trnh by theo mu cc bng 6 v 7. Bng 6: Kt qu phn tch nc mt Thi gian ly mu: ............................................... V tr ly mu TT. Thng s n v W1 W2 0 01 Nhit C 02 pH 03 c NTU 04 Cht rn l lng (SS) mg/l 05 xy ho tan (DO) mg/l 06 BOD5 mg/l 07 COD mg/l 08 Tng N mg/l 09 Tng P mg/l 10 Kim loi nng mg/l 11 Tng phenol mg/l 12 Du, m mg/l 13 Cht b mt mg/l MPN/ 14 E. Coli 100 ml Phng php/thit b ly mu

TT. Thng s 15 Coliform

n v

V tr ly mu W1 W2

Phng php/thit b ly mu

MPN/ 100 ml Ghi ch: cc v tr ly mu l W1, W2, v.v Bng 7 Kt qu phn tch nc ngm

Thi gian ly mu: ............................................... No. Thng s n v V tr ly mu GW1 GW2 Phng php/thit b ly mu

01 pH 02 c NTU Tng cht rn ho tan 03 mg/l (TDS) 04 Mc xy ho KMnO4 mg/l 05 Tng kim mgdlg/l 06 cng mg/l 07 Clmg/l 308 PO4 mg/l + 09 NH4 mg/l 10 NO2mg/l 211 SO4 mg/l 12 S2mg/l 13 Fe mg/l 14 Tng Phenol mg/l 15 Du, m mg/l 16 Cht b mt mg/l 17 E.Coli MPN/100 ml 18 Coliforms MPN/100 ml Ghi ch: cc v tr ly mu l W1, W2, v.v

6.3.3. Cht lng khng kh Vn hnh d n c kh nng gy nhim mi trng khng kh, c bit l bi, kh thi v mi hi. Cc s liu iu tra v o c phi c la chn phn nh chnh xc v tin cy cht lng khng kh trong khu vc d n v cc khu vc xung quanh. C th thu thp s liu kh hu quan trc trong mt s nm v c trnh by trong bng 8. Cht lng khng kh phi c nh gi v trnh by trong bng 9. Bng 8: S liu kh tng trung bnh thngca mt s nm khu vc d n Thi gian quan trc:.......................................... Trm: . Thng s Hng gi Thng 1 Thng 2 12 Trung bnh nm

Vn tc gi (m/s) Nhit (oC) m (%) p sut (mbar) Bng 12: Cht lng khng kh khu vc d n Thi gian ly mu: ............................................... Bi KK1 KK2 KK3 TCVN ( so snh) Ghi ch: cc v tr ly mu: KK1, KK2, KK3 V tr Nng cht nhim kh (mg/m3) SO2 H2S NH3 THC Aldehyde

6.3.4. n v rung nh gi cng ting n trong khu vc d n phi la chn ng v tr o ngun pht sinh ting n v kh nng lan to. Kt qu o n c th c trnh by trong bng 10. Bng 10: kt qu o ting n Thi gian o: ....................... Laeq (dBA) Lamax (dBA) L50 (dBA) V tr TO1 TO2 TO3 TCVN Ghi ch: cc v tr o ting n: TO1, TO2, TO3, etc. Ghi ch

rung s c o theo 3 thng s (gia tc, vn tc v tn s) cc v tr o so snh vi tiu chun mi trng ca Vit Nam (xem bng 11). Bng 11: kt qu o rung Thi gian o: ....................... V tr Gia tc (m/s2) Vn tc (m/s) Tn s (Hz) DR1 DR2 DR3 TCVN Ghi ch: cc v tr o rung: DR1, DR2, DR3, etc. Ghi ch

6.3.5. iu kin KT-XH hin ti iu kin KT-XH ca khu vc d n v cc khu vc lin k s b tc ng trc tip bi hot ng d n. Do cn phi iu tra v nh gi iu kin pht trin KT-XH hin ti ca cc khu vc ny. Ni dung iu tra KT-XH c trnh by trong Ph lc I. 6.4. nh gi cc iu kin mi trng t nhin v KT-XH ca khu vc d n Trn c s iu tra v s liu thu thp c v cc thng s mi trng v KT-XH, phi nh gi cc iu kin mi trng v KT-XH hin ti ca khu vc d n so snh vi cc tiu chun v quy chun mi trng Vit Nam v a phng. Chi tit nh gi nh sau: Mi trng vt l: cht lng t, cht lng nc mt, cht lng khng kh, iu kin kh hu, ting n v rung. Ti nguyn sinh vt: h ng vt, thc vt v h sinh thi vng, k c sinh vt di nc v trn cn, c bit l cc loi hoang d qu, him. Ti nguyn t: hin trng s dng t, vn thu hi t ca khu vc d n. Cc cng trnh vn ho v lch s: bao gm cc cng trnh tn gio, tn ngng, lng miu, im kho c, cng trnh vn ho/lch s, cnh quan v khu du lch. Kinh t-x hi: dn s, ngh nghip, iu kin sng, iu kin v sinh, sc kho cng ng, n b v ti nh c, v.v...

7.0. THC HIN NH GI TC NG MI TRNG

7.1. Tng quan lp c mt bo co TM c cht lng i hi s hiu bit ca nhiu chuyn gia thuc cc ngnh khoa hc t nhin v x hi ca mt t chc (c quan t vn TM) c ch u t d n mi nh gi. nh gi tc ng mi trng c trin khai nh mt chng trnh nghin cu khoa hc- cng ngh. Khi nim ny phi c nh u t v c quan t vn tha nhn nhm trnh tnh hnh thc v bo co TM ca cc nh u t. Mt s bo co TM c lp trong thi gian rt ngn vi chi ph thp v do cc chuyn gia thiu kinh nghim thc hin. Do vy, cc tc ng ca d n khng c nghin cu k, c bit l cc tc ng i vi mi trng x hi v h sinh thi; cng nh khng xut c cc bin php BVMT ph hp. Yu cu v ngun lc con ngi phc v TM nh sau: 7.1.1. Nhm nghin cu TM Thnh vin ca mt nhm nghin cu TM c th thay i tu theo cc thuc tnh ca d n (cng nghip ho cht, xi mng, du m, nhit in, thu in, ti tiu, giao thng, du lch, nui trng thu sn, v.v) v tu theo cc c im mi trng ca khu vc d n. Tuy nhin, mt nhm nghin cu TM t nht phi bao gm cc thnh vin sau y:

Trng nhm: mt chuyn gia TM cp cao c nng lc nghin cu, la chn v xc nh phm vi v khung TM cng nh c kh nng phn tch v d bo cc tc ng mi trng; nh gi v lp bo co TM. i vi cc d n u t trc tip ca nc ngoi (FDI) hoc h tr pht trin chnh thc (ODA), trng nhm TM phi ni, nghe v vit thng tho ting Anh. Chuyn gia sinh thi; Chuyn gia khoa hc/cng ngh mi trng. Chuyn gia x hi hc; Chuyn gia tin hc.

i vi cc d n quy m ln v cc lnh vc pht trin cc ngun nc (pht trin thu nng v h cha), thu in, nhit in, cng nghip, du m, ng s, ng thu ni a, cng hng khng, t hp x l cht thi v cc d n khc m cc bo co TM do B TN&MT thm nh v ph duyt; cng nh cc d n ODA (kinh ph l cc khon tin vay ca WB, JBIC, ADB, AFD v cc ngn hng khc), th Nhm nghin cu TM bao gm cc thnh vin sau: Trng nhm (c cc k nng trn); Chuyn gia h sinh thi trn cn; Chuyn gia h sinh thi di nc; Chuyn gia a cht v a l; Chuyn gia thu vn; Chuyn gia cng ngh mi trng; Chuyn gia m phng mi trng; Chuyn gia phn tch ho; Chuyn gia x hi hc; Chuyn gia tin hc; Cc nhn vin gip vic.

Cc thnh vin ny c o to v TM, cc lnh vc lin quan v c kinh nghim trong cc lnh vc lin quan. Trn thc t, khng c c quan no ca Vit Nam c cc chuyn gia ni trn. Do vy, nh u t c th hp tc vi c quan t vn thng ng vai tr l trng nhm, mi cc chuyn gia t cc c quan khc thnh lp nhm nghin cu TM. 7.1.2. Yu cu v thit b v cng c Cn cung cp thit b v cng c iu tra v phn tch tin hnh iu tra v phn tch cc iu kin mi trng trong khu vc d n. Cc phng th nghim chuyn dng: phn tch ho l v sinh theo phng php phn tch chun ca Vit Nam, cc nc pht trin hoc cc tiu chun ngnh. Trng hp nghin cu TM d n do t chc quc t ti tr, th p dng phng php phn tch chun ca h quan trc mi trng ton cu (GEMS) hoc ISO, cc tiu chun M hay EU. Thit b thu thp, x l d liu v v bn .

Thit b iu tra v ly mu hin trng, GPS, cng c ly mu nc/t/ thu sinh/khng kh; my o ting n v rung; thit b phn tch cht lng nc, v.v... Nhm nghin cu TM c th s dng thit b hin c ca c quan t vn hoc hp ng thu thit b chuyn dng. Cc c quan nghin cu v phn tch mi trng s chu trch nhim trc cc kt qu o c v phn tch. C quan t vn TM thay mt ch u t, chu trch nhim v s lng v cht lng nhm chuyn gia v chnh xc ca phng php nghin cu v s liu phn tch. Ch u t chu mi trch nhim chnh i vi s liu bo co TM. 7.1.3 Yu cu ti chnh Vic cp kinh ph cho nghin cu TM phi chnh thc a vo k hoch huy ng nhm chuyn gia cp cao lp bo co TM, p ng cc yu cu ca ch u t v c quan thm nh. Ging nh cc nc khc, Vit Nam cng cha c quy nh v t l kinh ph nghin cu TM trong tng kinh ph u t ca d n. Do vy, kinh ph nghin cu TM rt khc nhau tu theo tho thun gia ch u t d n vi c quan t vn hoc tu theo ngun kinh ph. B Ti chnh s ban hnh quy nh v kinh ph dnh cho cng tc TM. 7.1.4 Yu cu v thi gian Thi gian ti thiu thu thp d liu, iu tra, phn tch v nh gi, xut bin php gim thiu tc ng tiu cc v lp bo co TM l 60 ngy i vi cc d n do tnh/thnh ph trc thuc trung ng ph duyt v 100 ngy i vi cc d n do B TN&MT thm nh, khng tnh thi gian thm nh. Thi gian cho php ti a khng th quy nh c v cn tu thuc vo cc c im ca d n v tnh phc hp ca nghin cu TM. 7.2. Gim thiu cc tc ng c kh nng xy ra Phn di tm lc cc chnh sch v quy nh ca Vit Nam v gim thiu v qun l cc tc ng tiu cc trong TM. 1) Lut Bo v mi trng Lut BVMT c Quc hi Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005, v c hiu lc ngy 1 thng 7 nm 2006 theo Php lnh ca Ch tch nc s 29/2005/L/CTN ban hnh ngy 12 thng 12 nm 2005. Lut BVMT quy nh: C quan ph duyt bo co TM c trch nhim ch o, t chc kim tra vic thc hin cc ni dung trong bo co TM (im b, khon 2, iu 23). Ch u t c trch nhim: + Lp bo co TM, bao gm cc bin php c th gim thiu cc tc ng xu n mi trng, phng nga v ng ph s c mi trng; cam kt thc hin cc bin php BVMT trong qu trnh thi cng v vn hnh; lp danh mc cc cng trnh BVMT v d ton kinh ph xy dng (iu 20). + Thc hin ng v y cc ni dung BVMT nu trong bo co TM v cc yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM (iu 23). 2) Ngh nh 80/2006/ND-CP, ngy 9 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph

3. Ngh nh 21/2008/ND-CP,ngy 9 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph 4) Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT, ngy 28 thng 2 nm 2008 ca B TN&MT 5) Tiu chun Vit Nam v Quy chun quc gia v mi trng Cc tiu chun quc gia do B Khoa hc v Cng ngh (trc y l B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng) v B TN&MT ban hnh. Cc tiu chun quc gia c p dng cho mi hot ng kinh t trn lnh th Vit Nam. Cc tiu chun Vit Nam (TCVN) bao gm cc b tiu chun mi trng, khoa hc, xy dng v tiu chun k thut. Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam quy nh gii hn cho php i vi cc thng s nc, khng kh, t v ting n. B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng (trc y) v B TN&MT (hin nay) ban hnh 360 TCVN lin quan n mi trng. B TN&MT ban hnh Quyt nh 22/2006/Q-BTNMT, ng 18 thng 12 nm 2006 v vic bt buc p dng cc tiu chun mi trng. Lut v Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut c ban hnh theo Php lnh 10/2006/L-CTN, ngy 12 thng 7 nm 2006 ca Ch tch nc v c hiu lc ngy 1 thng 1 nm 2007. Chiu theo Lut ny, B TN&MT ang tip tc nghin cu vic sa i v thay th cc TCVN ban hnh bng cc quy chun k thut mi trng quc gia (QCKT). Khi cc quy chun ny c hiu lc th cc nghin cu TM s p dng trong qu trnh nh gi cc iu kin mi trng hin ti, d bo tc ng mi trng v xut cc bin php BVMT. 7.3. Xc nh cng tc ng Tu theo mc nghim trng ca cc ngun tc ng v cc i tng b tc ng, cng tc ng ca d n c th chia thnh 4 mc nh sau: - Tc ng ln - Tc ng trung bnh/va - Tc ng nh; v - Khng c tc ng. Trn thc t cn c tc ng cha bit. Tc ng ln: Tc ng ln c th gy hu hoi bt k thnh phn mi trng no hoc lm thay i r rng mi trng quy m ln. Tc ng ln nh hng xu n mi trng t nhin v KT-XH ca khu vc d n tr phi p dng cc bin php gim thiu ng. Tc ng trung bnh/va: Tc ng trung bnh/vac th lm suy thoi mt phn ca thnh phn mi trng hoc gy tc ng tiu cc n iu kin KTXH ca mt b phn cng ng trong khu vc d n. Tc ng nh: Tc ng nh ch gy ra suy thoi khng ng k i vi bt k thnh phn mi trng no hoc ch nh hng n iu kin KT-XH ca mt nhm dn c nh trong khu vc d n.

Khng c tc ng: Khng c tc ng ngha l khng c thay i trong mi trng t nhin v khng c nh hng g n pht trin KT-XH ti a im d n v cc khu vc xung quanh. Tc ng cha bit: Tc ng cha bit l tc ng cha th d bo c ti thi im nghin cu TM do thiu thng tin lin quan. Tc ng ny s c xc nh trong qu trnh thit k v thi cng d n.

Vic phn loi cng tc ng da trn l thuyt v kinh nghim ca cng ng chuyn gia TM, c nh gi thng qua vic nh lng tc ng. Theo thuc tnh tc ng, th cc tc ng c th phn loi thnh cc tc ng c th khc phc v tc ng khng th khc phc. Tc ng c th khc phc: Tc ng c th khc phc l tc ng mi trng m mt thnh phn hoc c tnh mi trng b tc ng c th phc hi li trng thi ban u. Tc ng khng th khc phc: Tc ng khng th khc phc lm cho thnh phn/c tnh b tc ng bin i sang trng thi mi.

8.0. THAM VN KIN CNG NG V CNG KHAI THNG TIN

Tham vn kin cng ng v cng khai thng tin nhm khuyn khch s tham gia tch cc ca cng ng trong qu trnh TM xc nh cc tc ng ca d n v gim st hot ng ca d n. 8.1. inh ngha cng ng Cng ng c xc nh l mt nhm ngi dn b tc ng bi d n, bao gm nhng ngi ni tr, bun bn nh, s dng t v cng nhn. Lut BVMT, 2005 quy nh, i din ca cng ng l UBND v UBMTTQ cp x. Cch tip cn tham vn cng ng nhm khuyn khch s tham gia ca cng ng ngay t giai on u ca qu trnh TM giai on nghin cu kh thi n giai on hon thnh.Do vy, cng ng s l mt nhm c trch nhim thc hin TM. 8.2. Tham vn cng ng v cng khai thng tin Khon 8, iu 20 ca Lut BVMT, 2005 quy nh: kin ca UBND x, phng, th trn (sau y gi chung l UBND cp x), i din cng ng dn c ni thc hin d n; cc kin khng tn thnh vic t d n ti a phng hoc khng tn thnh i vi cc gii php BVMT, phi c nu trong bo co TM. Ngh nh 21/2008/N-CP b sung vic tham vn kin ca UBND x, phng hoc th trn v i din cng ng trong qu trnh lp bo co TM, gm:

(1) UBMTTQ x, phng hoc th trn (sau y gi chung l UBMTTQ cp x) s i din cho cng ng ng gp kin trong qu trnh lp bo co TM cc d n u t a phng. (2) Ch d n gi vn bn v cc hng mc u t chnh ca d n, cc vn mi trng v bin php BVMT, ngh UBND v UBMTTQ cp x ni thc hin d n cho kin. (3) Trong 15 ngy lm vic sau khi nhn c ngh cho kin bng vn bn, UBND v UBMTTQ cp x cho kin bng vn bn v cng khai cho dn bit. Qu thi gian quy nh trn m khng c tr li bng vn bn, th coi nh UBND cp x v i din cng ng tn thnh vi ch d n. (4) Tham vn kin ca UBND x, phng, hoc th trn v i din cng ng trong qu trnh lp bo co TM khng bt buc i vi cc d n sau y: (a) Cc d n u t trong cc khu cng nghip, ch xut hay cng ngh cao, nu cc d n xy dng cng trnh h tng ca cc khu cng nghip, ch xut hoc cng ngh cao c bo co TM c cc c quan nh nc c thm quyn ph duyt. Nu bo co TM d n xy dng cng trnh h tng ca cc khu cng nghip, ch xut hoc cng ngh cao ph duyt sau ngy 1 thng 7 nm 2006, th c quan qun l nh nc v BVMT c thm quyn yu cu kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin nghim chnh cc ni dung BVMT ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM. (b) D n vng bin khng th xc nh trch nhim qun l hnh chnh ca UBND cp x tin hnh tham vn kin trong qu trnh lp bo co TM; (c) Cc d n u t thuc lnh vc an ninh, quc phng thuc b mt quc gia. Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ca B TN&MT quy nh quy trnh tham vn kin cng ng nh sau: (1) Ch d n gi vn bn thng bo v cc hng mc u t chnh, cc vn mi trng, cc gii php BVMT ca d n v ngh UBND, UBMTTQ cp x ni thc hin d n, cho kin. Ni dung c th ca thng bo co gm: nhng ni dung chnh ca d n, nhng tc ng xu n mi trng t nhin, KT-XH, (nu r chng loi, nng v khi lng ca cht thi), nhng bin php gim thiu cc tc ng s p dng v nhng cam kt BVMT khc ca ch d n (cn nu r cng ngh, thit b v cng trnh x l cht thi, mc x l theo cc thng s c trng ca cht thi so vi tiu chun, quy chun quy nh v cc bin php khc v BVMT, km theo s (bn , bn v) th hin r v tr ca d n trong mi lin h vi cc i tng t nhin v KT-XH xung quanh, s (bn v) tng mt bng ca d n vi cc hng mc cng trnh chnh ca d n v cc cng trnh x l v qun l cht thi, cc cng trnh BVMT i vi cc yu t khc ngoi cht thi (th hin r cc im u ni h tng c s, k c cc cng trnh x l v qun l cht thi ca d n vi h thng h tng c s v i tng t nhin ngoi hng ro khu vc d n. Trong thi gian trn theo quy nh khon 4, iu 1 Ngh nh 21/2008/NCP, UBND v UBMTTQ cp x s:

(2)

Nim yt cng khai d n trong dn v tr li bng vn bn cho ch d n theo mu c quy nh Ph lc 5, Ngh nh 05/2008/TTBTNMT. Yu cu bng vn bn ch d n phi hp t chc cc cuc hp i thoi khi cn thit. Cuc hp i thoi gia ch d n, UBND, UBMTTQ cp x v cc bn lin quan phi c lp bin bn trong lit k ngi tham d v nu mi vn tho lun v cc ni dung m ch d n tn thnh hay khng tn thnh. Bin bn i thoi phi c ch k (ghi r h tn v chc danh) i din ca ch d n v nhng ngi tham d.

(3)

Cc kin tn thnh v khng tn thnh d n ca UBND, UBMTTQ cp x v nhng ngi tham d i thoi phi c tm lc v phn nh trung thc trong bo co TM.

(4) Cc vn bn ngh tham vn kin cng ng ca ch d n, kin bng vn bn ca UBND v UBMTTQ cp x, bin bn cuc hp i thoi v cc tham vn cng ng khc (nu c) phi c nhn bn v km theo bo co TM ca d n. (5) Cc trng hp khng yu cu phi tham vn kin vi UBND cp x v i din cng ng ni thc hin d n trong qu trnh lp bo co TM, theo quy nh ti khon 4, iu 1, Ngh nh 21/2008/N-CP.

9.0. CHNG TRNH QUN L MI TRNG (QLMT)

Chng trnh QLMT l mt k hoch thc hin cc gii php gim thiu cc tc ng xu v cc yu cu giam st d n. Chng trnh QLMT nhm trin khai cc bin php gim thiu c xut v gim st hiu qu ca cc bin php cng nh xc nh cc tc ng thc t ca d n. 9.1. Hng dn Chng trnh gim st mi trng Hng dn thit k v thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng c xut trong Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT sa i. Cc bin php gim st mi trng c xut v thc hin cc bin php ny s m bo chng trnh gim st mi trng c xy dng nh mt b phn ca quy trnh TM nhm xc nh r cc bin php gim thiu v chng trnh gim st khi d n bt u.
10. TUN TH V CNG CH HU TM

10.1. Thc hin BVMT hu TM Lut BVMT v cc quy nh lin quan, nh Ngh nh 0/2006/ND-CP v Thng t 5/2008/TT-BTNMT quy nh trch nhim ca ch d n v c quan thhm nh TM thc hin cc ni dung trong bo co TM nh sau: 10.1.1. Trch nhim ca ch d n: Sau khi bo co TM c ph duyt, ch d n c cc trch nhim di y.

Khon 1, iu 23, Chng III, Lut BVMT quy nh: Ch d n c trch nhim: (a) Bo co UBND a phng ni thc hin d n, cc ni dung trong bo co TM; (b) Nim yt cng khai ti a im thc hin d n v cc loi cht thi, cng ngh x l, thng s, tiu chun cht thi, cc bin php BVMT cng ng dn c bit, kim tra v gim st; (c) Thc hin ng v y cc ni dung BVMT nu trong bo co TM v cc yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM; (d) Thng bo cho c quan ph duyt bo co TM kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung ca bo co v yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM; () Ch c a cng trnh vo s dng sau khi c c quan c thm quyn kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin y yu cu quy nh ti cc im (a), (b) v (c) khon ny. Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP quy nh trch nhim ca ch d n nh sau: Ngh nh chi tit ho cc ni dung ca Lut BVMT. Ch u t c trch nhim: 1. Bo co UBND cp huyn ni thc hin d n, ni dung ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM, km theo bn sao quyt nh ph duyt. 2. Nim yt cng khai ti a im thc hin d n bn tm tt bo co TM c ph duyt, nu r cc loi v s lng cht thi, cng ngh, thit b x l cht thi, mc x l cc thng s c trng ca cht thi i chng vi tiu chun; cc bin php x l khc (kin ngh cn lm r phn ny nh sau: , cc tc ng tiu cc khc n mi trng t nhin v KT-XH v cc gii php gii quyt cc tc ng tiu cc ny). 3. Thit k v xy dng cc cng trnh x l mi trng: a) Trn c s s chnh cc cng trnh x l mi trng c xut trong bo co TM c ph duyt, phi thit k chi tit v xy dng cc cng trnh ny theo ng cc quy nh hin hnh v xy dng c bn; b) Sau khi thit k chi tit cc cng trnh x l mi trng c ph duyt, phi bo co c quan nh nc ph duyt bo co TM, k hoch xy dng, km theo h s thit k chi tit cc cng trnh x l mi trng kim tra v gim st. ( ngh b sung , cc tc ng tiu cc khc n mi trng t nhin v KT-XH v cc gii php gii quyt cc tc ng tiu cc ny). 4. Bo v mi trng trong qu trnh xy dng d n:

a) Trong qu trnh xy dng d n, phi trin khai cc bin php BVMT, cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng mi trng tiu cc do d n gy ra v tin hnh quan trc mi trng theo yu cu trong bo co TM c ph duyt, cng nh cc yu cu khc ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM; b) Trong qu trnh thc hin d n, nu c bt k iu chnh, thay i no v ni dung v bin php BVMT c ph duyt hoc chng nhn, phi bo co cc c quan ph duyt hoc khng nh ch thc hin iu chnh hay thay i sau khi nhn c vn bn ng ca cc c quan ny. c) Trong qu trnh thc hin v vn hnh th nghim, nu xy ra nhim mi trng, phi ngng ngay vic thc hin v kp thi bo co cho c quan qun l Nh nc v BVMT a phng ph duyt bo co TM. d) C trch nhim phi hp v to iu kin thun li cho c quan qun l nh nc v BVMT tin hnh kim tra, gim st vic thc hin cc ni dung , bin php BVMT; cung cp y thng tin, hnh v lin quan theo yu cu. 5. Vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l mi trng: a) Sau khi hon thnh vic xy dng v lp t cng trnh x l mi trng v bn giao, phi vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l mi trng kim tra cc thng s k thut v mi trng theo thit k;

Bc ny kt hp vi bc bn giao cng trnh. b) Phi xy dng k hoch vn hnh th nghim v bo co c quan ph duyt bo co TM, cc c quan chuyn mn v BVMT cp tnh v cng ng a phng ni thc hin d n b tr k hoch kim tra, gim st. Trng hp khng c kh nng o c v phn tch cc thng s k thut v mi trng, phi hp ng thu cc c quan c nng lc chuyn mn v k thut tin hnh o c v phn tch. Sau khi hon thnh vic vn hnh th nghim, phi gi bo co v cng vn ngh khng nh cc kt qu vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l mi trng cho c quan ph duyt bo co TM xc nhn.

c)

d)

10.1.2 Trch nhim ca c quan qun l Nh nc im 2, iu 23, Chng III, Lut BVMT quy nh: C quan ph duyt bo co TM c trch nhim sau y: (a) Thng bo ni dung quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM do mnh ph duyt cho UBND cp tnh ni thc hin d n; UBND cp tnh thng bo ni dung quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM do mnh hoc b, c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph ph duyt cho UBND huyn, qun, th x, thnh ph thuc tnh (sau y gi chung l UBND cp huyn), UBND cp x ni thc hin d n;

(b) Ch o, t chc kim tra vic thc hin cc ni dung trong bo co TM c ph duyt. Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP quy nh nh sau: iu 15 ca Ngh nh chi tit ho cc ni dung ca iu 23 Lut BVMT, 2005 v trch nhim ca c quan qun l Nh nc nh sau: B, c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph gi bn chnh quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM cho UBND cp tnh ni thc hin d n; UBND cp tnh gi bn sao quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM do mnh v b, c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph ph duyt cho UBND cp huyn ni thc hin d n. Trch nhim ca c quan qun l Nh nc sau khi ph duyt bo co TM nh sau: (a) Xem xt, i chiu h s thit k, xy dng v lp t cc cng trnh x l mi trng v cc bo co v vic thc hin cc ni dung v bin php BVMT do ch d n gi km bo co TM c ph duyt; trng hp c khc bit, trong vng 7 ngy lm vic k t ngy nhn h s hay bo co, phi gi cng vn cho ch d n yu cu iu chnh hoc hon chnh h s. Nhn, x l cc yu cu, ngh ca ch d n, t chc, c nhn lin quan n vic thc hin cc ni dung, bin php BVMT trong qu trnhd trin khai v lp t cc cng trnh. B tr k hoch v t chc kim tra, gim st vic thc hin cc ni dung, bin php BVMT; x l hoc ngh x l bt k hnh vi vi phm no theo thm quyn; T chc kim tra, gim st vn hnh th nghim cng trnh x l mi trng sau khi nhn c k hoch vn hnh th nghim do ch d n gi n. Kim tra v chng nhn cc kt qu vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l mi trng. Lu gi v qun l mi h s, vn bn sau khi thm nh vn hnh do ch d n hoc cc c quan v c nhn lin quan gi n.

(b)

(c)

(d) (e) (f)

Danh mc cc vn bn cn thit trong h s, th tc kim tra, xc nhn thc hin cc yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM c quy nh ti im 2, iu 16, Ngh nh 90/2006/N-CP. Bng 12 di dy trnh by tm lc yu cu, vai tr gia ch d n, c quan thm nh v c quan c thm quyn.

Bng 12: Trch nhim ca cc bn lin quan Ch d n 1) Bo co ni dung quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM cho UBND ni thc hin d n. 2) Nim yt cng khai cht thi, bin php x l, cc gii php BVMT C quan thm nh TM 1) Bo co ni dung ph duyt TM cho UBND cp tnh ni thc hin d n. 2) Nim yt cng khai ti a phng ni thc hin d n, tm tt bo co TM c c quan c thm quyn ph duyt 3) Thng bo v t chc kim tra vic thc hin ni dng ca quyt nh ph duyt C quan lin quan 1) Ban hnh ni dung ca quyt nh ph duyt cho b/ngnh v UBND c lin quan. Nhn xt Cn xc nh r UBND cc cp a phng ni thc hin d n. Nu r cc tc ng khc i vi mi trng t nhin, x hi v cc bin php x l. 2) Tham gia xy dng v t chc kim tra vic thc hin ni dung quyt nh ph duyt Cn nu r UBND cc cp ti a im d n

3) Thc hin y yu cu ca quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM

4) Thit k, xy dng 4) xem xt, i cc cng trnh x l chng h s thit mi trng k xy dng cc cng trnh BVMT c ph duyt 5) Thng bo cho c 5) Thng bo cho quan ph duyt kim ch d n cc khc bit gia cng trnh tra, xc nhn vic thc hin y ni thi cng vi h s dung v yu cu ca c ph duyt quyt nh ph duyt trong vng 7 ngy bo co TM. lm vic 6) Thc hin cc bin 6) X l cc kin php BVMT trong ngh pht sinh ca qu trnh xay dng ch u t d n 7) T chc kim 7) Vn hnh th tra, gim st thi nghim cc cng cng v xc nhn trnh BVMT sau khi kt qu vn hnh hon thnh th nghim 8) nh gi hiu qu 8) T chc kim cc cng trnh tra, gim st thi BVMT trong qu cng v xc nhn trnh vn hnh th kt qu vn hnh nghim th nghim

B sung k hoch thc hin cc nhim v khc v BVMT v x hi.

Cn b sung: i din UBND cc cp tham gia gim st vn hnh th nghim Thng bo kt qu gim st cho cc c quan lin quan

Ch d n 9) Vn hnh cc cng trnh BVMT mt khi c quan ph duyt xc nhn p ng cc yu cu.

C quan thm nh TM 9) Lu v qun l h s hot ng sau khi ph duyt bo co TM

C quan lin quan

Nhn xt Thng bo cc ni dung chnh ca qu trnh thm nh cho cc c quan lin quan.

10.2. Quan trc/ gim st mi trng hu TM Gim st mi trng hu TM1 l nhim v ch yu c quy nh ti im b, khon 2, iu 23, Lut BVMT c quan ph duyt bo co TM ch o, t chc kim tra vic thc hin ni dung trong bo co TM c ph duyt. Quan trc mi trng cn c quy nh trong iu 94 ca Lut BVMT, khng ch B TN&MT, cc b, c quan ngang b, ngnh v UBND cp tnh c giao trch nhim quan trc tc ng ng mi trng m cc nh qun l v vn hnh c s sn xut, kinh doanh v dch v cng c trch nhim t chc thc hin quan trc cc tc ng mi trng do cc hot ng ca h gy ra. (1) Mc tiu v i tng quan trc/gim st mi trng a. Mc tiu quan trc/gim st mi trng Quan trc mi trng c c quan qun l Nh nc thc hin nhm: Kim tra vic thc hin cc bin php BVMT ca ch d n trong qu trnh thc hin d n, tun th vi ni dung, quy trnh v hiu qu cam kt trong bo co TM c ph duyt. Ch d n tin hnh quan trc mi trng : nh gi thit b v phng tin BVMT do nh thu cung cp da trn cc chi tit k thut yu cu. nh gi gim thiu nhim mi trng v BVMT trong qu trnh vn hnh cng trnh. b) i tng quan trc mi trng Quan trc mi trng l qu trnh quan trc c h thng mi trng v cc yu t c th gy ra tc ng i vi mi trng nhm mc ch cung cp thng tin lin quan nh gi hin trng mi trng, nhng thay i cht lng mi trng, cng nh cc tc ng mi trng bt li (Lut BVMT). Quan trc mi trng nhm: Cung cp d liu v cht lng mi trng v cc thng tin tc ng ca d n cho c quan qun l nh nc v ch d n. Cung cp d liu d bo phm vi ca cc tc ng c kh nng xy ra v s c mi trng (nu c).

Gim st mi trng nhm kim tra, gim st cng trnh BVMT ca d n.

 nh gi vic tun th cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam ca ch d n. (2) Quan trc mi trng hu TM Quan trc mi trng sau thm nh bo co TM c trin khai thc hin theo 3 giai on ca d n, gm: a) Tin xy dng Thit k v quy hoch khu vc d n s c quan trc nh sau: Thm nh quy hoch khu vc d n kim tra v tr v din tch c chnh xc nh m t trong bo co TM hay khng? c tc ng n cc ngun ti nguyn trong vng hay khng? v nu c thay i, c cn phi lp bo co TM b sung khng? Thm nh thit k cc cng trnh ca d n xem c p ng cc yu cu BVMT. Thit k cc h thng cp, thoat nc, kho vt t v nhin liu, x l cht thi, din tch cy xanh v cc cng trnh BVMT khc c ng vi cng ngh, cng sut, a im v din tch c ph duyt khng? Xem cc yu cu v kim sot nhim mi trng, bo v ti nguyn sinh vt c c cn nhc trong th mi thu khng. Gim st cng tc thu hi t, n b v ti nh c: d n khng ch tc ng n mi trng t nhin m cn nh hng n pht trin KT-XH trong khu vc d n v cc khu vc xung quanh. Do vy, vic gim st thu hi t, n b v ti nh c l mt hp phn ca qu trnh quan trc mi trng trong giai on tin thi cng. Gim st thu hi t, n b v ti nh c nh sau: Xem xt xem ch d n c thu hi din tch rng hn so vi din tch c ph duyt? C pht sinh vn x hi trong qu trnh thu hi t? C cn phi lp bo co TM b sung khng? nh gi xem ch d n c thc hin vic thu hi t, n b v ti nh c ng vi cc cam kt trong bo co TM c thm nh khng? Tin hnh tham vn cng ng nh gi cc tc ng x hi ca vic thu hi t v ti nh c. Cc xut v kin ngh BVMT (nu c). b) Xy dng Kim tra vic thi cng, lp t cc cng trnh BVMT (cc h thng x l nc thi, x l kh thi, chng n v rung, v.v.. ca d n c cc ngun pht sinh cht thi, c xy dng c tun th cc yu cu nu trong bo co TM khng.

 Kim tra vic thi cng cc cng trnh BVMT ca d n khng c ngun pht sinh cht thi (d n thu nng, h cha, v.v.) c xy dng c tun th cc yu cu BVMT hay khng. Gim st vic thc hin cc bin php BVMT trong qu trnh thi cng c p ng cc yu cu trong bo co TM c ph duyt. Quan trc xem cc hot ng thi cng c tc ng n i sng, sn xut v kinh doanh a phng hay khng. xut cc bin php BVMT vi ch d n. c). Vn hnh Kim tra xem vic vn hnh cc h thng x l cht thi, mi trng lm vic, phng, cha chy, phng nga s c mi trng, pht trin din tch cy xanh v cc iu kin vi kh hu c p ng cc yu cu BVMT. Gim st vic thc hin, t chc qun l mi trng v cc bin php an ton c ng vi cc bin php nu trong bo co TM hay khng. Quan trc cc tc ng ca vic vn hnh d n i vi pht trin KT-XH a phng, c bit l cc vn sc kho, thu nhp v quan h x hi. xut cc bin php BVMT vi ch d n. (3). Hp phn quan trc mi trng hu TM Nhim v quan trc hu TM c tin hnh theo 3 giai on tin xy dng, xy dng v vn hnh d n. Trong 3 giai on, quan trc mi trng c thc hin tun th vi chng trnh quan trc c nu trong bo co TM c ph duyt, bao gm cc thnh phn, v tr, tn sut, thng s, phng php quan trc v nh gi. Cc thng s, tn sut v phng php quan trc cha c nghin cu chi tit trong nhiu trong nhiu bo co TM cc d n. Nhng vn sau y cn c cn nhc trong qu trnh quan trc hu TM: a. Thnh phn quan trc Ba thnh phn mi trng c quan trc, gm: Mi trng vt l: Lu lng dng thi (thnh phn, hm lng/nng (g/m3), thi lng, khi lng (kg/ngy cc cht nhim trong kh thi, nc thi v cht thi rn); Cht lng mi trng, mc nhim cc ngun nhn trng hp d n c ngun pht sinh cht thi) hoc cht lng mi trng khng kh, nc v t trong khu vc b tc ng bi d n trong trng hp d n

khng c ngun pht sinh cht thi (thu nng, thu in, lm nghip, v.v); Xi l, bi lng hoc thay i thu vn i vi cc cng trnh thu nng, giao thng, thu in v giao thng ng thu, v.v); H sinh thi: H sinh thi trn cn (rng/thm thc vt, h ng, thc vt hoang d) trong khu vc b tc ng bi d n. H sinh thi di nc (lu vc, ng, thc vt ph du, v.v) trong khu vc b tc ng bi d n. b) Cc thng s quan trc Cc thng s quan trc ca mi trng vt l v cc h sinh thi rt khc nhau tu theo loi hnh d n. Tuy nhin, phi la chn cc thng s c trng phn nh c cc tc ng ca d n. La chn ng cc thng s mi trng quan trc khng ch gip nh gi chnh xc cc tc ng ca d n m cn gim bt chi ph quan trc. c) Tn sut quan trc V nguyn tc, tn sut quan trc cng cao th chnh xc trong nh gi tc ng mi trng cng cao. Xt theo cc iu kin thc t, hot ng quan trc c tin hnh theo qu i vi nc thi, kh thi, nc mt, nc ngm, t v h sinh thi trn cn. Trng hp s c mi trng c kh nng xy ra, tn sut quan trc cn cao hn (v d quan trc hng ngy i vi cht lng khng kh v nc). d) V tr quan trc Cng nhiu v tr quan trc hn th cng nh gi khu vc b tc ng chnh xc hn. Vic la chn v tr quan trc cn c nghin cu cn thn, gm cc v tr trong khu vc d n v cc khu vc b tc ng bi d n. ) Phng php lun quan trc thu thp cc d liu quan trc chnh xc cn tun th cc nguyn tc sau: - S dng thit b chun ly mu ngoi thc a v phn tch mu trong phng th nghim; Tin hnh o c v phn tch bng cc phng php chun; Thit b v phng php chun c ngha l cc tiu chun v thit b c cng nhn nhiu nc (ISO, Tiu chun M, GEMS hoc TCVN);

Phn tch phi tin hnh lm 3 ln/thng s/mu p ng yu cu v thng k; m bo cht lng v kim sot cht lng (QA/QC) kim tra cho, c bit khi kt qu phn tch khng ng quy cch.

(4) T chc quan trc mi trng hu TM Theo Lut BVMT, cc c quan qun l Nh nc v ch u t d n (ch d n/cng trnh/cng trnh xy dng) c trch nhim thc hin quan trc mi trng. Trch nhim ca mi bn nh sau: C quan qun l Nh nc tin hnh quan trc cc thnh phn mi trng bn ngoi, c lin quan n d n. Ch d n/cng trnh/cng trnh xy dng thc hin quan trc cc thnh phn mi trng bn trong khu vc d n.

Tuy nhin, trong trng hp cn thit, c quan qun l Nh nc c th quan trc mt s yu t mi trng bn trong khu vc d n hoc ch d n c th quan trc cc yu t mi trng khu vc b tc ng nh gi hiu qu BVMT. C quan qun l Nh nc v ch d n c th thu cc t chc, c nhn chuyn mn c cng nhn tin hnh cng vic quan trc. QUAN TRC MI TRNG HU TM C THC HIN TT MT S D N FDI V ODA, NH D N XY DNG GA HNH KHCH CNG HNG KHNG QUC T TN SN NHT (VN VAY CA JBIC); D N TRUNG TAM IN PH M; D N PHT TRIN GIAO THNG NI THU MIN NAM (VN VAY CA WB); NG CAO TC NG-TY, THNH PH H CH MINH (VN VAY CA JBIC).