CNG N TP KIM TRA 1 TIT CNG NGH 7 Bi 9 1.

Cch bn phn :
_ Bn phn cung cp cht dinh dng cho cy trng. _ Cn c vo thi k bn, ngi ta chia ra : bn lt, bn thc.

+ Bn lt : bn phn vo t trc khi gieo trng, nhm cung cp cht dinh dng cho cy con ngay khi n mi mc, mi bn r. + Bn thc : bn phn trong thi gian sinh trng ca cy, nhm p ng kp thi nhu cu dinh dng ca cy trong tng thi k. _ Cn c vo hnh thc bn, ngi ta chia ra thnh cc cch : bn vi (ri), bn theo hng, theo hc hoc phun trn l. 2. Cch bo qun c loi phn bn thng thng : _ Phn ha hc : + ng trong chum, vi snh y kn hoc bao gi bng bao ni lng. + ni cao ro, thong mt. + Khng ln ln cc loi phn bn vi nhau. _ Phn chung : + Bo qun ti chung nui. + Ly ra thnh ng, dng bn ao trt kn bn ngoi.

Bi 10 Vai tr ca ging cy trng : _ Lm tng nng sut cy trng. _ Tng v gieo trng. _ Thay i c cu cy trng.
1.

Tiu ch ca ging cy trng tt : _ Sinh trng tt trong iu kin kh hu, t ai v trnh canh tc ca a phng. _ C cht lng tt. _ C nng sut cao v n nh. _ Chng, chu c su, bnh.
2.

Phng php chn to ging cy trng : _ Phng php chn lc : + T ngun gc khi u, chn cc cy c c tnh tt, thu ly ht. + Gieo ht ca cc cy c chn v so snh vi ging khi u v ging a phng. + Nu tt hn th nhn ging cho sn xut i tr.
3.

_ Phng php lai : + Ly phn hoa ca cy dng lm b th phn ca cy dng lm m. + Sau ly ht ca cy dng lm m gieo trng ta c cy lai. + Chn cc cy lai c c tnh tt lm ging. _ Phng php gy t bin : + S dng tc nhn vt l hoc cc cht ha hc s l cc b phn ca cy ( ht, mm, n hoa, ht phn,... ) gy t bin. + Chn nhng dng c t bin li lm ging.

Bi 11 Sn xut ging cy trng : _ Nhm mc ch to ra nhiu ht ging, cy con ging. _ Sn xut ging cy bng ht : + Thng p dng cho cc cy ng cc, cy h u v mt s cy ly ht khc. _ Sn xut ging cy trng bng nhn ging v tnh : + Mt s phng php nhn ging v tnh thng dng : Gim cnh. Chit cnh. Ghp mt (hoc cnh). + Thng c p dng cho cc loi cy n qu, cy hoa, cy cnh.
1.

Bo qun ht ging cy trng : _ Ht ging phi : kh, my, khng ln tp cht, t l ht lp thp, khng b su bnh,... _ Ni ct gi phi dm bo nhit , m thp, phi kn chim chut, cn trng khng xm nhp, thng xuyn kim tra. _ Bo qun ht ging trong chum, vi, trong bao, ti kn, trong cc kho cao ro, sch s hoc trong cc kho ng lnh.
2.

Bi 12 Tc hi ca su bnh : _ Cy trng sinh trng, pht trin km. _ Lm gim nng sut v cht lng nng sn.
1.

Khi nim v cn trng : _ Khong thi gian t giai on trng n cn trng trng thnh v li trng c gi l vng i ca cn trng.
2.

_ S thay i cu to, hnh thi cn trng trong vng i gi l bin thi ca cn trng. _ Cn trng c 2 kiu bin thi : hon ton v khng hon ton. _ Cn trng c th c li hoc c hi cho cy trng. _ Cn trng gy hi c kiu bin thi hon ton , giai on su non chng ph hoi mnh nht. _ Cn trng gy hi c kiu bin thi khng hon ton, giai on su trng thnh chng ph hoi mnh nht. 3. Khi nim v bnh cy : _ Bnh cy l trng thi khng bnh thng v chc nng sinh l, cu to v hnh thi ca cy di tc ng ca vi sinh vt gy bnh v iu kin sng khng thun li. 4. Mt s du hiu khi cy trng b su, bnh ph hoi : _ Khi b su, bnh ph hoi thng mu sc, cu to, hnh thi ca cc b phn ca cy b thay i. Bi 13 Nguyn tc phng tr su, bnh hi : _ Phng l chnh. _ Tr sm, tr kp thi, nhanh chng trit . _ S dng tng hp cc bin php phng tr.
1. 2.

Bin php canh tc v s dng ging chng su, bnh hi : Bin php phng tr _ V sinh ng rung _ Lm t _ Gieo trng ng thi v _ Chm sc kp thi, bn phn hp l _ Lun phin cc loi loi cy trng khc nhau trn mt n v din tch _ S dng ging chng su, bnh Tc dng phng tr su bnh hi _ Tr mm mng, ph ch n np ca su bnh. _ Dit su bnh hi cy cn tn ti di t _ Trnh thi k su bnh pht trin mnh _ Tng sc chng chu su bnh cho cy _ Lm thay i iu kin sng v ngun thc n ca su bnh _ Gip cy c kh nng t bo v

chng tc nhn gy hi Bin php th cng : _ Dng tay bt su hay ngt b nhng cnh, l b bnh, dng vt, by n, b c dit su hi. _ u im : + n gin. + D thc hin. + t hiu qu khi t su bnh. _ Nhc im : + Tn nhiu cng. + Hiu qu thp khi c nhiu su bnh.
3.

Bin php ha hc : _ S dng cc loi thuc ha hc dit tr su, bnh, c di. _ u im : + Nhanh. + t tn cng. _ Nhc im : + D gy c cho ngi, cy trng, vt nui. + Lm nhim mi trng t, nc v khng kh. + Git cht cc sinh vt khc rung. _ Cn m bo cc yu cu : + S dng ng loi thuc, nng v liu lng. + Phun ng k thut.
4.

5. Bin php sinh hc : _ S dng mt s loi sinh vt nh nm, ch dit su hi _ u im : + Hiu qu cao + Khng gy nhim mi trng 6. Bip php kim dch thc vt : _ Kim tra, x l nhng sn phm nng, lm nghip khi xut, nhp khu hoc vn chuyn t vng ny sang vng khc nhm ngn chn s ly lan ca su, bnh hi nguy him.