Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc

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K NNG V CHIN LC LM BI THI TRC NGHIM HIU QA
MN HA HC

Mt trn u bng ging mt bi thi trc nghim ch u c thi gian l 90 pht
nhng mt trn u bng th c pht b gi cn thi trc nghim th khng. Mi mt giy
trong mt k thi chun quc gia nh thi i hc Cao ng u c tnh bng vng v bn
khng th thay ngi ging nh trong bng m bn phi c gng chin thng trn u
ca chnh mnh. Bi vit ny nhm mc ch cung cp cho cc th sinh kinh nghim cng nh
k nng lm bi thi t im ti a, ti a y khng phi l 10 im m ti a kh
nng ca cc bn. Nhiu hc sinh khng t im s m l ra h c th t c do h tp
trung qu nhiu thi gian cho nhng cu hi kh v khng cn thi gian cho nhng cu hi
m h c th lm c hoc l b xt mt vi cu khng ghi p n, tht l lng ph th tch
nhm , cn hn b xt phi khng cc bn!
Tr li theo th t t d ti kh v ng b xt cu no:
Hy s dng h thng nh du sau nh du vo thi ca bn
1. Tr li cu hi d trc
2. nh du + bn cnh nhng cu xem ra c th tr li c nhng tn nhiu thi
gian.
3. nh du - bn cnh nhng cu no xem ra khng th tr li c. Bn phi hnh
ng nhanh. ng b ph thi gian nh xem mt cu no l + hay -.
Sau khi lm tt c nhng cu c th lm ngay bn hy tr li v lm nhng cu + c th lm
c. Nu nh bn lm xong chng, th lm tip cc cu -. i khi lc bn tr li mt cu,
xem ra khng th gii c bn t nhin tm c cch gii.
(H thng nh du trn ch mang tnh cht tham kho)
C Phn tch, la chn phng php gii nhanh
Mt bi ton trc nghim c th c nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
* Li khuyn: Hy lm theo cch m mnh nm chc nht, hiu r nht.
V d 1: Cho 11,36 gam hn hp Fe, FeO, Fe
2
O
3
v Fe
3
O
4
phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO
3

long (d), thu c 1,344 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch X. C cn
dung dch X thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr m l
A. 38,72 B. 35,50 C. 49,09 D. 34,36
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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Cc cch gii:
Cch 1: Vit v tnh theo phng trnh ha hc
Fe + 4HNO
3
Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ NO + 2H
2
O (1)
a a a
3FeO + 10HNO
3
3Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ NO + 5H
2
O (2)
b b
b
3

3Fe
3
O
4
+ 28HNO
3
9Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ NO + 14H
2
O (3)
c c
c
3

Fe
2
O
3
+ 6HNO
3
2Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ 3H
2
O (4)
d 2d
Theo (1, 2, 3, 4) ta c: m
hn hp
= 56a + 72b + 232c + 160d = 11,36 (I)
NO
b c 1, 344
n a + + = = 0,06 mol
3 3 22, 4
=
=> 3a + b + c = 0,18 (II)

3 3
Fe(NO )
n a + b + 3c + 2d = (III)
Ly (II).8 + (I) ta c: 80a + 80b + 240c + 160d = 12,8
=> a + b + 3c + 2d = 0,16 =>
3 3
Fe(NO )
n = 0,16 mol
=>
3 3
Fe(NO )
m = 0,16.242 = 38,72 gam
=> p n A
Cch 2: S dng phng php quy i v bo ton electron:
* Quy i 1: (Fe, FeO, Fe
2
O
3
, Fe
3
O
4
) (Fe: a mol; O: b mol)
=> m
hn hp
= 56a + 16b = 11,36 (1)
3
Fe Fe 3e
a 3a
+
+

0
2
5 2
O 2e O
b 2b
N + 3e N
0,18 0,06

+ +
+

p dng nh lut bo ton electron: 3a = 0,18 + 2b (2)
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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T (1, 2): a = 0,16 mol
=>
3 3
Fe(NO )
m = 0,16.242 = 38,72 gam
=> p n A
* Quy i 2: (Fe, FeO, Fe
2
O
3
, Fe
3
O
4
) (FeO: a mol; Fe
2
O
3
: b mol)
m
hn hp
= 72a + 160b = 11,36 (1)
2 3
Fe Fe + 1e
0,18 0,18
+ +

5 2
N + 3e N
0,18 0,06
+ +

=> a = 0,18 mol thay vo (1) c b = - 0,01 mol
3 3
Fe(NO )
n a + 2b = 0,18 + 2( 0,01) 0,16 mol = =
=>
3 3
Fe(NO )
m = 0,16.242 = 38,72 gam
=> p n A
Cch 3: Coi 11,36 gam hn hp cht rn trn to thnh t x mol Fe
*
3 2
HNO O
2 3 3 4 3 3
Fe (Fe, FeO, Fe O , Fe O ) Fe(NO ) + NO
+ +

56x gam 11,36 gam
=>
2
O
11, 36 56
n
32
x
=
3
Fe Fe + 3e
x 3x
+

2
2 O + 4e 2O
11, 36 56x 11, 36 56x

32 8

Bo ton electron:
11, 36 56x
3x x = 0,16 mol
8

= =>
=>
3 3
Fe(NO )
m = 0,16.242 = 38,72 gam
=> p n A
*
3 2
HNO O
2 3 3 4 3 3
1
Fe (Fe, FeO, Fe O , Fe O ) Fe(NO ) + NO
m m
+ +


p dng cng thc tnh nhanh: m = 0,7m
1
+ 5,6n
e nhn


5 2
N + 3e N
0,18 0,06
+ +

=> m = 0,7.11,36 + 5,6.0,18 = 8,96 gam
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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3 3
Fe(NO ) Fe
8, 96
n n 0,16 mol
56
= = =
T suy ra p n A.
C S dng s phn ng thay cho vic vit phng trnh phn ng (nu khng cn
thit phi vit)
V d 2: Thy phn hon ton 3,42 gam saccaroz trong mi trng axit, thu c dung dch
X. Cho ton b dung dch X phn ng ht vi lng d dung dch AgNO
3
trong NH
3
, un
nng, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 21,60 B. 2,16 C. 4,32 D. 43,20
(Trch TTS vo cc trng Cao ng, 2010)
Suy lun:
C
12
H
22
O
11
2C
6
H
12
O
6
4Ag
0,01 mol 0,04 mol
=> m
Ag
= 0,04.108 = 4,32 gam
=> p n C.
p n l d kin ca bi ton ha hc trc nghim
Nhiu bi ton trc nghim i khi khng nu y d kin, nu gii theo cch thng thng
th th phi bin lun phc tp, cc bn s rt vui khi nhn thy d kin p n.
V d 3: Cho 16,4 gam hn hp gm 2 axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip nhau phn ng
hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v KOH 1M thu c dung dch Y. C cn dung
dch Y, thu c 31,1 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc ca hai axit trong X l
A. C
2
H
4
O
2
v C
3
H
4
O
2
B. C
2
H
4
O
2
v C
3
H
6
O
2

C. C
3
H
4
O
2
v C
4
H
6
O
2
D. C
3
H
6
O
2
v C
4
H
8
O
2

(Trch TTS vo cc trng Cao ng, 2010)
Suy lun:
Nhn thy c 4 phng n u l axit n chc RCOOH
16, 4 gam RCOOH + 200ml (NaOH 1M, KOH 1M) 31,1 gam rn khan + H
2
O
p dng bo ton khi lng:
2
H O X (NaOH, KOH)
m m + m = - m
rn
= 16,4 + 0,2(40 + 56) 31,1 = 4,5 gam
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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5
2
X H O
4, 5 16, 4
n = n = 0,25 mol => RCOOH = 65, 6
18 0, 25
R = 65,6 45 = 20,6
= =
=>

Vy hai axit l HCOOH v CH
3
COOH
=> p n B.
C t cng thc ph hp v chnh xc (c bit l cc bi ton hu c)
Pht hin ra c im v cng thc, khi lng phn t ca cc cht c trong hn hp t
cng thc cho ph hp.
V d 4: t chy hon ton 2,01 gam hn hp X gm axit acrylic, vinyl axetat, metyl
metacrylat ri cho ton b sn phm chy vo bnh (1) ng dung dch H
2
SO
4
c, d, bnh (2)
ng dung dch Ba(OH)
2
d. Kt thc th nghim thy khi lng bnh (1) tng thm m gam,
bnh (2) thu c 17,73 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,17 B. 1,62 C. 1,35 D. 1,8
Suy lun:
Nhn thy, axit acrylic: CH
2
=CHCOOH; vinyl axetat: CH
3
COOCH=CH
2
; metyl metacrylat:
CH
2
=C(CH
3
)COOCH
3
u c cng thc chung l
2
n 2n 2
C H O

2 3
CO BaCO
17, 73
n n 0, 09 mol
197
= = =
2 2
n 2n 2
C H O nCO
0, 09
0,09
n

=>
X
2, 01
M 14n + 30 = n 3, 6
0, 09
n
= => = => n
X
= 0,025 mol
2 2 2
X CO H O H O
n n n n 0, 09 0, 025 0, 065 mol
=> m = 0,065.18 = 1,17 gam
= => = =

C Suy lun da vo bi, phn tch p n phn on v s dng php loi tr tm
nhanh p n
V d 5: Cho phng trnh ha hc sau
Fe
3
O
4
+ HNO
3
Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ N
x
O
y
+ H
2
O

Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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Sau khi cn bng phng trnh ha hc trn vi h s ca cc cht l nhng s nguyn ti gin
th h s ca HNO
3
l
A. 46x 18y B. 45x 18y C.43x 19y D. 23x 9y
Suy lun:
h s cn bng ca H
2
O l s nguyn H s cn bng ca HNO
3
phi chia ht cho 2
=> p n A.
V d 6: Khi t 0,1 mol cht X (dn xut ca benzen) khi lng CO
2
thu c nh hn 35,2
gam. Bit rng 1 mol X ch tc dng cvi 1 mol NaOH.
Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. C
2
H
5
C
6
H
4
OH B. C
6
H
5
(OH)
2

C. HOC
6
H
4
CH
2
OH D. HOCH
2
C
6
H
4
COOH
(Trch TTS vo cc trng i hc Cao ng khi B, 2007)
Suy lun:
1 mol X + 1mol NaOH X c 1 nhm OH (phenol) hoc 1 nhm COOH (axit hu c)
=> loi p n B( c 2 nhm OH).
2
CO
35, 2
n 0,8
44
< = => S C(X) <
0,8
8
0,1
= => X c 7 hay 6 cacbon
=> loi p n A v D
Vy p n C.
V d 7: Ba cht hu c mch h X, Y, Z c cng cng thc phn t C
3
H
6
O v c cc tnh
cht: X, Z u phn ng vi nc brom; X, Y, Z u phn ng vi H
2
nhng ch c Z khng b
thay i nhm chc; cht Y ch tc dng vi brom khi c mt CH
3
COOH. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln
lt l
A. C
2
H
5
CHO; CH
2
=CHOCH
3
; (CH
3
)
2
CO
B. (CH
3
)
2
CO; C
2
H
5
CHO; CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH
C. C
2
H
5
CHO; (CH
3
)
2
CO; CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH
D. CH
2
CHCH
2
OH; C
2
H
5
CHO; (CH
3
)
2
CO
(Trch TTS vo cc trng i hc khi B, 2009)
Suy lun:
X, Z u phn ng vi nc brom => loi phng n A, B v D v (CH
3
)
2
CO khng phn ng
vi dung dch Br
2
) => p n C.
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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C Suy lun da vo bi, phn tch p n phn on v s dng php th tm
nhanh p n
Trm nghe khng bng mt thy, trm thy khng bng mt th
V d 8: un nng hn hp hai ancol n chc, mch h vi H
2
SO
4
c, thu c hn hp
gm cc ete. Ly 7,2 gam mt trong cc ete em t chy hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt CO
2

( ktc) v 7,2 gam H
2
O. Hai ancol l
A. CH
3
OH v CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH
B. C
2
H
5
OH v CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH
C. CH
3
OH v C
3
H
7
OH
D. C
2
H
5
OH v CH
3
OH
Suy lun:
V
2 2
CO H O
n n 0, 4 mol = = => ete cha no c mt ni i
=> loi C v D.
- Th vi phng n B: ete l C
2
H
5
OCH
2
CH=CH
2
c M = 86
=>
ete
7, 2
n 0, 0837
86
= ~ (l) => p n A.
- Th vi phng n A: ete l CH
3
OCH
2
CH=CH
2
c M = 72
=> n
ete
= 0,1 mol => p n A.
Cch xc nh lng cht d theo cch dng t ca bi ton
- Cho cht A tc dng vi cht B d => A ht, B d
- Cho cht A tc dng va vi cht B hoc tc dng ht vi cht A cn dng mt lng
cht B=> A, B u ht.
- Cho cht A tc dng ht vi cht B => B c th ht hoc cn d, khi x l ta coi nh B d.
- Cho cht A tc dng vi cht B mt thi gian => coi c A, B u d (coi H < 100%).
- Cho cht A tc dng vi cht B n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton (hoc phn ng kt thc,
phn ng xong, khi ngng phn ng,..) th mi ch bit H = 100%, ngha l c t nht 1 cht
phn ng ht nhng cha cho c th cht no.
V d 9: Cho 15,6 gam hn hai ancol n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht
vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l
A. CH
3
OH v C
2
H
5
OH B. C
2
H
5
OH v C
3
H
7
OH
C. C
3
H
5
OH v C
4
H
7
OH D. C
3
H
7
OH v C
4
H
9
OH
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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Phn tch:
Trong bi ton ny, ch c ancol tc dng ht vi Na, cn Na c th tc dng va ht hoc cn
d. T dn n mt s sai lm sau:
Sai lm 1: T mol Na mol hn hp ancol ancol M
C ancol
Na ancol
9, 2 15, 6
n 0, 4 mol n 0, 4 mol => M 39
23 0, 4
= = = = =
=> p n A. Vy d kin 24,5 gam l tha?
Sai lm 2: p dng phng php tng gim khi lng
V ancol n chc, 1 mol ROH 1 mol RONa: khi lng tng 23 1 = 22 gam
Theo bi, khi lng rn tng: 24,5 15,6 = 8,9 gam
ancol
ancol
24, 5 15, 6 15, 6
n 0, 405 mol => M 38, 52
22 0, 405

= = = =
=> p n A. Lu : cht rn ngoi mui cn c Na c th d.
Gii ng:
p dng phng php bo ton nguyn t:
2
H ancol Na
m m + m m =
rn
= 15,6 + 9,2 24,5 = 0,3 gam
V ancol n chc:
2
ancol
ancol H
0, 3 15, 6
n 2n 2. 0, 3 mol => M 52
2 0, 3
= = = = =
=> p n B.
Mt s mo vt v th thut
- Th thut chia ht: thng thng khi chuyn i n v t khi lng, th tch,ra mol u
l nhng s p khng phi lm trn. Tuy nhin, hy cn thn vi th thut ny!
V d 10: Nhng mt l kim loi M (ch c ha tr II trong hp cht) c khi lng 50 gam vo
200 ml dung dch AgNO
3
1M cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Lc dung dch, em c
cn thu c 18,8 gam mui khan. Kim loi M l
A. Fe B. Cu C. Mg D. Zn
(Trch TTS vo cc trng Cao ng, 2009)
Suy lun:
Gi tr 50 gam chia ht cho phn t khi ca Cu(64), khng chia ht cho phn t khi ca Fe,
Mg, Zn. => p n B.
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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9
V d 11: Cho 11,36 gam hn hp Fe, FeO, Fe
2
O
3
v Fe
3
O
4
phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO
3

long (d), thu c 1,344 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch X. C cn
dung dch X thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr m l
A. 38,72 B. 35,50 C. 49,09 D. 34,36
Suy lun:
Mui to thnh ch c mui st ba
3 3
Fe(NO )
M 242 = . Ly 4 gi tr m chia cho 242, gi tr no
khng phi lm trn thng l gi tr ph hp.
11, 36
0,16
242
= cc gi tr cn li u khng chia ht
=> p n A.
- Th thut th nghim:
V d 12: Ha tan 7,2 gam mt hn hp gm hai mui sunfat ca hai kim loi ha tr II v III
vo nc c dung dch X (gi thit khng c phn ng ph khc) thm vo dung dch X mt
lng BaCl
2
va kt ta ion
2
4
SO

th thu c kt ta BaSO
4
v dung dch Y. Khi in
phn hon ton dung dch Y cho 2,4 gam kim loi. Bit s mol ca mui ha tr II gp i s
mol ca mui kim loi ha tr III, bit t l khi lng nguyn t ca kim loi ha tr III v II l
7
8
. Hai kim loi ln lt l
A. Ba v Fe B. Ca v Fe Fe v Al D. Cu v Fe
Suy lun:
Th cc gi tr M ca cc kim loi ta thy ch c cp Cu v Fe c
Fe
Cu
M 7
M 8
=
=> p n D.
Mt s bi tp rn luyn k nng
Bi 1: C cc pht biu sau:
(1) Lu hunh, phot pho u bc chy khi tip xc vi CrO
3

(2) Ion Fe
3+
c cu hnh electron vit gn l [Ar]3d
5

(3) Bt nhm t bc chy khi tip xc vi kh clo
(4) Phn chua c cng thc Na
2
SO
4
.Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
.24H
2
O
Cc pht biu ng l
A. (1), (3), (4) B. (2), (3), (4) C. (1), (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (4)
Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
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Bi 2: Cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl va tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO
3
l
A. CuO, Al, Mg B. Zn, Cu, Fe C. MgO, Na, Ba D. Zn, Ni, Sn
Bi 3: Kh hon ton m gam oxi M
x
O
y
cn va 17,92 lt kh CO (ktc), thu c a gam kim
loi M. Ha tan ht a gam M bng dung dch H
2
SO
4
c nng (d) thu c 20,16 lt kh SO
2

(sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Oxit M
x
O
y
l
A. Cr
2
O
3
B. FeO C. Fe
3
O
4
D. CrO
Bi 4: Cho cc cht sau: CH
3
CH
2
CHO (1); CH
2
=CHCHO (2); (CH
3
)
2
CHCHO (3);
CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH (4). Nhng cht phn ng hon ton vi lng d H
2
(Ni, t
0
) cng to ra
mt sn phm l
A. (2), (3), (4) B. (1), (2), (4) C. (1), (2), (3) D. (1), (3), (4)
Bi 5: Hai cht X v Y c cng cng thc phn t C
2
H
4
O
2
. Cht X phn ng c vi kim loi
Na v tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cht Y phn ng c vi kim loi Na v ha tan c
CaCO
3
. Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l
A. HOCH
2
CHO, CH
3
COOH B. HCOOCH
3
, HOCH
2
CHO
C. CH
3
COOH, HOCH
2
Cho D. HCOOCH
3
, CH
3
COOH
Bi 6: Hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t C
3
H
6
O
2
. C X v Y u tc dng
vi Na; X tc dng c vi NaHCO
3
cn Y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cng
thc cu to ca X v Y ln lt l
A. C
2
H
5
COOH v HCOOC
2
H
5

B. HCOOC
2
H
5
v HOCH
2
COCH
3

C. HCOOC
2
H
5
v HOCH
2
CH
2
CHO
D. C
2
H
5
COOH v CH
3
CH(OH)CHO
Bi 7: Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt
khc, nu cho a mol X phn ng vi Na (d) th sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lt kh H
2
(
ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH
3
C
6
H
3
(OH)
2
B. HOC
6
H
4
COOCH
3

C. HOCH
2
C
6
H
4
OH D. HOC
6
H
4
COOH
Bi 8: Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy
hon ton hn hp X, thu c CO
2
v H
2
O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. hai ancol l
A. C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
v C
3
H
6
(OH)
2
B. C
2
H
5
OH v C
4
H
9
OH
C. C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
v C
4
H
8
(OH)
2
D. C
3
H
5
(OH)
3
v C
4
H
7
(OH)
3

Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
Copyright by V Ngc Bnh
11
Bi 9: Hn hp kh X gm anken M v ankin N c cng s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t.
Hn hp X c khi lng 12,4 gam v th tch 6,72 lt ( ktc). S mol, cng thc phn t ca
M v N ln lt l
A. 0,1 mol C
2
H
4
v 0,2 mol C
2
H
2
B. 0,1 mol C
3
H
6
v 0,2 mol C
3
H
4

C. 0,2 mol C
2
H
4
v 0,1 mol C
2
H
2
D. 0,2 mol C
3
H
6
v 0,1 mol C
3
H
4

Bi 10: t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c X, thu c 0,351 gam H
2
O v 0,4368 lt kh
CO
2
( ktc). Bit X c phn ng vi Cu(OH)
2
trong mi trng kim un nng. Cht X l
A. CH
3
COCH
3
B. O=CHCH=O
C. CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH D. C
2
H
5
CHO
Bi 11: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M thu c
3,67 gam mui khan. Mt khc, 0,02 mol X tc dng va vi 40 gam dung dch NaOH 4%.
Cng thc ca X l
A. (H
2
N)
2
C
3
H
5
COOH B. H
2
NC
2
H
3
(COOH)
2

C. H
2
NC
3
H
6
COOH D. H
2
NC
3
H
5
(COOH)
2

Bi 12: X phng ha hon ton 66,6 gam hn hp hai este HCOOC
2
H
5
v CH
3
COOCH
3
bng
dung dch NaOH, thu c hn hp X gm hai ancol. un nng hn hp X vi H
2
SO
4
c
140
0
C, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam nc. Gi tr ca m l
A. 18,00 B. 8,10 C. 16,20 D. 4,05
Bi 13: Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung dch
gm KOH 0,12M v NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn
khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C
2
H
5
COOH B. CH
3
COOH C. HCOOH D.C
3
H
7
COOH
Bi 14: Nhng mt l kim loi M (ch c ha tr II trong hp cht) c khi lng 50 gam vo
200 ml dung dch AgNO
3
1M cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Lc dung dch, em c
cn thu c 18,8 gam mui khan. Kim loi M l
A. Fe B. Cu C. Mg D. Zn




Kha hc: Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
Copyright by V Ngc Bnh
12
Bi 15: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y l ng ng k tip, u tc dng vi Na v c phn ng
trng bc. Bit phn trm khi lng oxi trong X, Y ln lt l 53,33% v 43,24%. Cng thc
cu to ca X v Y tng ng l
A. HOCH
2
CH
2
CHO v HOCH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CHO
B. HOCH(CH
3
)CHO v HOOCCH
2
CHO
C. HOCH
2
CHO v HOCH
2
CH
2
CHO
D. HCOOCH
3
v HCOOCH
2
CH
3

Bi 16: Cho 20 gam mt este X (c phn t khi l 100 vc) tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M. Sau phn ng, c cn dung dch thu c 23,2 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc cu
to ca X l
A. CH
3
COOCH=CHCH
3
B. CH
2
=CHCH
2
COOCH
3

C. CH
2
=CHCOOC
2
H
5
D. C
2
H
5
COOCH=CH
2


p n
1C 2D 3C 4B 5A 6D 7C 8C
9D 10D 11D 12B 13B 14B 15C 16D


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n thi cp tc v Rn luyn k nng v chin lc lm bi trc nghim ha hc
Lin h: V Ngc Bnh
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