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TRNG AI HOC KINH TE TP. HCM


KHOA TAI CHNH DOANH NGHIEP
BO MON BAO HIEM
a ch: 279 Nguyen Tri Phng, Quan 10, Tp. HCM, ien thoai: 8575623;
Website: http://www.baohiem.pro.vn;

MON HOC: NGUYEN LY THC HANH BAO


HIEM
Module: 1
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STT

H v tn SV

STT

H v tn SV

Trn Th i Tin

Nguyn Tng Vi

Nguyn Gia Tan

Nguyn Thanh V

Vng Nguyn Bch Trm

an Thy Vy

Trn Thanh Tng

Trn Kim Uyn

Bi Th Ngc Vn
iem
Bang so
Bang ch

Ch ky giang
vien

Nhan xet cua giang vien:

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

MC LC

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MC LC
1.S PHT TRIN CA TH TRNG BO HIM VIT NAM:.....................4
1.1 Giai an trc 1993:.........................................................................................4
1.2 Giai an t 1994 n 2007:...............................................................................4
1.3Vit Nam sau gia nhp WTO:.............................................................................6
2.PHN TCH SWOT TH TRNG BO HIM VIT NAM:..........................8
2.1Tng quan v phn tch SWOT:..........................................................................8
2.2Phn tch SWOT:.................................................................................................9
2.2.1Phn tch mi trng v m_M hnh PEST-N:..............................................9
2.2.1.1 Mi trng chnh tr (P):..........................................................................9
2.2.1.2Mi trng kinh t (E):.............................................................................9
Tng trng kinh t:.................................................................................................................................9
C cu kinh t:........................................................................................................................................10
Tc ng ca lm pht v cc bin ng kinh t:..................................................................................11

2.2.1.3Mi trng x hi (S):.............................................................................12


2.2.1.4Mi trng cng ngh (T):......................................................................13
2.2.1.5Mi trng t nhin (N):.........................................................................13
2.2.2Phn tch mi trng vi m_M hnh 5 Forces ca Michael Porter:...........14
2.2.2.1Nng lc thng lng ca nh cung cp:..............................................14
2.2.2.2Nng lc thng lng ca khch hng:.................................................15
2.2.2.3e da ca cc sn phm thay th:..........................................................15
2.2.2.4Mc cnh tranh gia cc cng ty hin c trong ngnh:......................15
2.2.2.5Nguy c nhp cuc ca cc i th cnh tranh tim tng:.......................17
2.2.3S dng m hnh SWOT nh gi th trng bo him Vit Nam:................18
C hi...................................................................................................................18
Thch thc............................................................................................................18
1.Mi trng php l ngy cng han thin.........................................................18
1Bt n kinh t......................................................................................................18
2.Kinh t tng trng............................................................................................18
2Nhn thc cha cao v khng ng u................................................................18
3.Quy m dn s ln..................................................................................................18
3 p dng cng ngh mi tn km v kh khn....................................................18
4.Kh hu nhit i gi ma.....................................................................................18
im mnh............................................................................................................18
im yu...............................................................................................................18
1.Th trng ngy cng ln mnh.........................................................................18
1)Vic gii quyt bi thng cn nhiu hn ch...................................................18
2.Kh c sn phm thay th han ton.................................................................18
2)Thiu s phi hp cht ch, hiu qu vi nh cung cp....................................18
3.Sn phm a dng, ngun nhn lc ngy cng chuyn nghip..........................18
4.Chin lc Marketing pht trin........................................................................18
3.MT S GII PHP THC Y TH TRNG BO HIM VIT
NAM:..........................................................................................................................19
C hi...................................................................................................................19
1.Mi trng php l ngy cng han thin...........................................................19
2.Kinh t tng trng............................................................................................19
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Module 1

MC LC

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3.Quy m dn s ln..................................................................................................19
4.Kh hu nhit i gi ma.....................................................................................19
5.Th trng bo him Vit Nam c nh gi cao..............................................19
Thch thc............................................................................................................19
1.Bt n kinh t.....................................................................................................19
2.Nhn thc cha cao v khng ng u...............................................................19
3.p dng cng ngh mi tn km v kh khn.....................................................19
im mnh............................................................................................................19
1.Th trng ngy cng ln mnh.........................................................................19
2.Kh c sn phm thay th han ton.................................................................19
3.Sn phm a dng, ngun nhn lc ngy cng chuyn nghip..........................19
4.Chin lc Marketing pht trin........................................................................19
im yu...............................................................................................................21
1.Vic gii quyt bi thng cn nhiu hn ch...................................................21
2.Thiu s phi hp cht ch, hiu qu vi nh cung cp....................................21
Nhng gii php khc : .........................................................................................22
TI LIU THAM KHO:.......................................................................................25

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

TNG QUAN

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NH GI, D BO V XUT GII PHP THC


Y TH TRNG BO HIM VIT NAM
1. S PHT TRIN CA TH TRNG BO HIM VIT NAM:
1.1 Giai an trc 1993:
Hot ng bo him nc ta c nhng bc pht trin ngay t thi thc dn
Php. min Nam, hot ng kinh doanh bo him kh pht trin, c hn 52 cng ty
trong v ngoi nc trin khai cc nghip v bo him a dng nh bo him ha
hon, bo him chuyn ch, bo him sinh mng, bo him tai nn lao ng... min
Bc, hot ng bo him ch thc s bt u khi c s ra i ca cng ty Bo him
Vit Nam, gi tt l Bo Vit vo ngy 17/12/1964 v chnh thc i vo hot ng
vo ngy 15/01/1965.
Sau khi min Nam hon ton gii phng, cc cng ty bo him c ca min Nam
c tin hnh quc hu ha. Cng ty Bo him v Ti bo him Vit Nam
(BAVINA) c thnh lp. Nm 1976, khi t nc hon ton thng nht, cng ty
c chuyn thnh chi nhnh ca Bo Vit ti thnh ph H Ch Minh. Thi k ny,
Bo Vit l cng ty duy nht hot ng kinh doanh bo him Vit Nam theo ch
hch ton ton ngnh v trc thuc B Ti chnh. C th ni trong giai on ny, hot
ng bo him nc ta vn cha pht trin, cc sn phm v dch v bo him cha
a dng, ch yu l cc nghip v bo him phi nhn th vi khong 20 sn phm bo
him.
1.2 Giai an t 1994 n 2007:
Ngy 18/12/1993, ngh nh 100-CP v hot ng kinh doanh bo him c
Chnh ph ban hnh, m ra bc pht trin mi cho ngnh bo him Vit Nam. N
ph v th c quyn ca ngnh bo him, to tin cho s ra i ca cc t chc
bo him vi nhiu hnh thc khc nhau thuc mi thnh phn kinh t : Bo Minh,

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Module 1

TNG QUAN

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VINARE, PJICO... cc cng ty lin doanh, vn phng i din ca cc cng ty nc


ngoi nh: UIC, VIA ...
Nm 1996, Bo Vit nghin cu v a ra th trng dch v bo him nhn th
u tin, nh du s pht trin khng ngng ca bo him nhn th Vit Nam.
Nm 2000, Lut kinh doanh bo him ra i. Sau , cc Ngh nh s
42/2001/N-CP v Ngh nh s 43/2001/N-CP, thng t s 71/2001/TT-BTC v s
72/2001/TT-BTC ln lt c Chnh ph v B ti chnh ban hnh. c bit, nm
2003, Th tng chnh ph k Quyt nh s 175/2003/Q-TTg ph duyt chin
lc pht trin th trng bo him Vit Nam t nm 2003 n nm 2010, c bit
khi chng ta tham gia quan h thng mi song phng v a phng gia Vit Nam
vi cc nc trong khi ASEAN, EU, Hoa k v sp n l gia nhp WTO th vic hi
nhp quc t trong lnh vc bo him s to ra c hi v thch thc i hi th trng
bo him phi gia tng nng lc cnh tranh, pht trin ph hp vi tiu chun v
thng l quc t.
Tnh n ht nm 2006, th trng bo him Vit Nam c hn 30 DNBH trong
c 21 DNBH phi nhn th, 7 DNBH nhn th, 8 DN mi gii BH, 1 DN ti BH.
Mng li phn phi sn phm nh cc chi nhnh, i l, mi gii pht trin rng
khp : 75.000 i l BHNT chuyn nghip, 30.000 i l BHPNT bn chuyn nghip,
v 8 DN mi gii BH.
Nng lc hot ng ca cc DNBH ngy cng c nng cao, sn phm bo him
phong ph a dng vi hn 700 sn phm BHPNT v hn 100 sn phm BHNT, p
ng nhu cu ca nn kinh t - x hi. Ngun thu ch yu ca ngnh l t ph bo
him. Mc tng trng doanh thu ph bo him t 1993 n 2004 l 38%/nm, nhng
t l ng gp ph bo him vo GDP ca Vit Nam li kh nh t 0,37% nm 1993
tng ln 2,13% vo cui nm 2006.
Tuy nhin, th trng bo him Vit Nam phn chia khng ng u: 95% th
phn l ca cc DNBH trong nc lnh vc bo him phi nhn th, trong khi cc
doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi chim n 62,5% th phn bo him nhn h. Qui

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

TNG QUAN

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m vn ca cc doanh nghip bo him trong nc cng b hn ch. Phng thc


cnh tranh ch yu l gim ph v khai thc th trng thng qua cc mi quan h.
Hot ng u t ca cc doanh nghip bo him tr li nn kinh t cn nhiu hn
ch v hiu qu cha cao. n cui nm 2006, tng u t ca cc doanh nghip bo
him l 34.400 t ng, chim 4,07% GDP, ch yu vo tri phiu chnh ph v tin
gi ngn hng.
1.3 Vit Nam sau gia nhp WTO:
u nm 2007, Vit Nam chnh thc tr thnh thnh vin ca t chc thng mi
th gii - WTO. Tin trnh hi nhp kinh t quc t, t do ha thng mi, u t din
ra ngy cng su rng trn mi lnh vc, trong ngnh bo him l mt trong nhng
lnh vc i u trong vic hi nhp kinh t th gii. iu ny ko theo s ra i ca
nhiu doanh nghip bo him, c bit l ca cc doanh nghip nc ngoi, trong
c nhiu nh bo him, mi gii bo him hng u th gii nh AIG, ACE, Marsh,
Aon Bn cnh , nhiu doanh nghip bo him trong nc tng vn vi quy m
ln, mt s cn lin doanh vi cc tp on bo him, ti chnh hng u quc t nh
Bo Vit vi HSBC, Bo Minh vi AXA gip cc doanh nghip trong nc va c
c ngun vn thng d ln, va to iu kin trao i k nng chuyn ngnh, cng
ngh qun l gp phn thc y nng lc cnh tranh ca cc doanh nghip trong nc.
Nng lc ti chnh ca th trng nh m ngy cng nng cao p ng nhu cu d
phng ti chnh, m bo ri ro, thc y pht trin nn kinh t x hi.
Ch qun l nh nc v hot ng kinh doanh bo him ngy cng c hon
thin thng qua vic ban hnh Ngh nh 45 v 46, thng t 155, 156 hng dn thi
hnh N 45, N 46, thng t lin tch B Cng an, B Ti chnh s 41 v Q 28 v
bo him chy n bt buc, thng t lin tch B Cng An, B Ti Chnh s 16 v Q
23 v bo him bt buc TNDS ch xe c gii. C th ni, khung php l chuyn
ngnh bo him c xy dng v hon thin hn to iu kin cho s tng trng
v lm c s cho s pht trin lu di ca th trng trong tng lai.
i ng cn b bo him, i l bo him ngy cng c cht lng. Phn ln cc
doanh nghip bo him u u t vo pht trin cng ngh thng tin phc v cho
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Lp Tc10
Module 1

TNG QUAN

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cng tc qun l v khai thc bo him. c bit trong giai on ny, cc doanh
nghip bo him ch trng vic u t ngun vn ch s hu tr li nn kinh t,
tp trung vo cc lnh vc u t an ton v c hiu qu kinh t cao nh gp vn lin
doanh, tham gia thnh lp cng ty c phn, cho vay, tham gia cc d n u t, mua
tri phiu Chnh ph, mua c phiu, gi tit kim ngn hng... Cc doanh nghip bo
him tr thnh cc nh ch trung gian ti chnh huy ng vn hiu qu cho nn
kinh t.
Doanh thu th trng bo him tng trng u n, vi tc kh cao ngay c
trong thi k kinh t khng hong (2008: 15,4%, 2009: 14,1%), quy m th trng
ngy cng m rng. Bo him thng mi chim gi v tr ngy cng quan trng hn,
ng gp ngy cng ln hn vo s tng trng chung ca nn kinh t quc dn.
Th trng bo him Vit Nam 6 thng u nm 2011 vn duy tr tc tng
trng kh. Tng doanh thu ph bo him 6 thng u nm 2011 c t 17.362 t
ng, trong doanh thu bo him phi nhn th khong 10.123 t ng, tng 22% so
vi cng k nm 2010, doanh thu ph bo him nhn th khong 7.239 t ng, tng
15,93% so vi cng k nm 2010.

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Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

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2. PHN TCH SWOT TH TRNG BO HIM VIT NAM:


2.1 Tng quan v phn tch SWOT:
Phn tch SWOT l mt m hnh ni ting trong phn tch kinh doanh ca doanh
nghip, SWOT l tp hp vit tt nhng ch ci u tin ca cc t ting Anh:
Strengths (im mnh), Weaknesses (im yu), Opportunities (C hi) v Threats
(Thch thc).
M hnh SWOT thng a ra 4 chin lc c bn: (1) SO (Strengths Opportunities): cc chin lc da trn u th ca cng ty tn dng cc c hi th
trng. (2) WO (Weaks - Opportunities): cc chin lc da trn kh nng vt qua
cc yu im ca cng ty tn dng c hi th trng. (3) ST (Strengths - Threats):
cc chin lc da trn u th ca ca cng ty trnh cc nguy c ca th trng. (4)
WT (Weaks - Threats): cc chin lc da trn kh nng vt qua hoc hn ch ti a
cc yu im ca cng ty trnh cc nguy c ca th trng.
M hnh phn tch SWOT thch hp cho vic nh gi hin trng ca cng ty
thng qua vic phn tch tnh hnh bn trong (Strengths v Weaknesses) v bn ngoi
(Opportunities v Threats) cng ty. SWOT cung cp mt cng c phn tch chin
lc, r sot v nh gi v tr, nh hng ca mt cng ty hay ca mt n kinh
doanh. SWOT ph hp vi lm vic v phn tch theo nhm, c s dng trong vic
lp k hoch kinh doanh, xy dng chin lc, nh gi i th cnh tranh, tip th,
pht trin sn phm v dch v...
Phn tch SWOT gip bn vch ra bin php gim nhng nh hng tiu cc t
nhng im yu ca mnh ti kt qu kinh doanh trong khi pht huy ti a cc im
mnh ca bn. Bng phn tch SWOT cng c th gip cng ty chun b sn sng cc
ngun lc v kh nng vi mu cnh tranh ca i th. Tuy nhin, cht lng phn
tch SWOT ph thuc vo cht lng thng tin thu thp c. Thng tin cn trnh ci
nhn ch quan t mt pha, nn tm kim thng tin t mi pha: Ban gim c, khch
hng, i tc, nh cung cp, i tc chin lc, t vn... SWOT cng c phn hn ch
khi sp xp cc thng tin vi xu hng gin lc. iu ny lm cho nhiu thng tin c
th b g p vo v tr khng ph hp vi bn cht vn .
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PHN TCH SWOT

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2.2 Phn tch SWOT:

2.2.1 Phn tch mi trng v m_M hnh PEST-N:


2.2.1.1

Mi trng chnh tr (P):

Mi trng php l cho hot ng kinh doanh bo him ngy cng c hon
thin, ph hp vi chun mc quc t, to chun cho cc doanh nghip bo him hot
ng hiu qu, pht trin bn vng, bo v quyn li ca ngi mua bo him.
S ra i ca mt s sn phm bo him bt buc nh bo him trch nhim dn
s ca ch xe c gii, bo him trch nhim dn s ca ngi vn chuyn hng khng
i vi hnh khch; bo him trch nhim ngh nghip i vi hot ng t vn php
lut; bo him trch nhim ngh nghip ca doanh nghip mi gii bo him; bo
him chy, n to iu kin thun li cho vic kinh doanh bo him.
Vic Chnh ph cho php cc doanh nghip bo him c vn u t nc ngoi
tham gia cung cp dch v bo him ti th trng Vit Nam s tng thm nng lc
khai thc bo him ca th trng bo him.
Chnh sch m ca to mi trng thun li cho u t trc tip nc ngoi v
hot ng xut nhp khu lm tng cu bo him1.

2.2.1.2

Mi trng kinh t (E):

Tng trng kinh t:


Nn kinh t tip tc tng trng cao, hng ha ca Vit Nam s c mt th trng
rng ln hn, l cc thnh vin WTO; ng thi hng ha nc h s c xm
nhp vo th trng Vit Nam lm cho kinh t pht trin, to tin cho cc ngnh
ngh pht trin nh giao thng vn ti ng b, hng khng, xut nhp khu lm tin
cho bo him pht trin.
GDP (nm 2010) vt mc 100 t USD tng trng trn 6,7%, bnh qun u
ngi 1.160 USD, tng trng nng nghip 2,6%; cng nghip v xy dng 7,6%;
: http://webbaohiem.net/b%E1%BA%A3o-hi%E1%BA%BBm-v%E1%BB%9Bi-wto/1232-caccam-kt-wto-nh-hng-th-nao-n-bo-him-.html
1

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

Trang 10/27

dch v 7,5%; xut khu trn 70 t USD chim 70% GDP, Vit Nam gim h ngho
t 22% nm 2005 xung cn 9,45% nm 2010. Quy m th trng bo him cn nh
b, cha thc s p ng c yu cu pht trin kinh t x hi. Hn ch ny th
hin kh r t trng doanh thu ph bo him trong GDP c tng song vn cn rt
thp so vi cc nc trong khu vc v quc t (Singapo l 6,00%; i loan 6,9%;
Thi Lan 4,7%; mc trung bnh trn th gii l 7,8%). Nhng thun li trn l tin
cho ngnh bo him tng trng. Ngi dn bt u c tch lu v yn tm s dng
tin tch lu ny u t tr li nn kinh t, trong bo him nhn th l mt trong
nhng knh u t vn c ngi dn la chn.
u t trc tip nc ngoi v u t trong nc pht trin nhanh chng. y
cng l c s ngnh bo him pht trin, ng thi cng i hi ngnh bo him
phi c sn phm bo him p ng nhu cu ca tng trng u t nc ngoi v
trong nc, nht l nhng c s u t ngnh ngh mi, cng ngh cao nh ng tu,
xy dng ng tu in ngm, xy dng ngnh in t cng ngh thng tin, xy
dng nh my lc du, in nguyn t, v tinh, sn xut linh kin my bay y l
tim nng cho bo him xy dng lp t, bo him ti sn, bo him k thut, bo
him trch nhim pht trin.

C cu kinh t:
C cu ngnh tnh theo GDP ca nn kinh t c s thay i theo hng cng
nghip ha, hin i ha. T trng khu vc nng lm ng nghip gim, trong khi
t trng khu vc cng nghip v dch v ngy cng tng to tin cho s pht
trin ca th trng bo him Vit Nam.

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Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

Trang 11/27

Ngun: Gso.gov.vn

Tc ng ca lm pht v cc bin ng kinh t:


c trng ca bo him l nhn ph trc v chi tr, bi thng sau. Lm pht l
k th ca cc nh bo him. Lm pht va nh hng trc tip n gi tr ca ci ca
cc t chc bo him, va tc ng gin tip qua sc mua ca bn mua bo him.
Lm pht cao ngi dn t quan tm n vic tham gia bo him nhn th. Trong khi
mt s nc pht trin tnh trng lm pht rt thp ch khon 1-2%/ nm, th lm pht
Vit Nam li din bin kh phc tp, c bit l trong nhng nm gn y, nm
2011 IMF d bo lm pht vit nam khong 18,8%.

Trc tnh trng lm pht tng cao, ngy 24/2/2011, Chnh ph a ra Ngh quyt
11/NQ-CP v gii php kim ch lm pht. Trin khai ngh quyt ny, c rt nhiu
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Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

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bin php ct gim chi tiu cng. Trong , kh nhiu d n nm trong k hoch nm
2011 b ct gim. Theo tnh ton s b, ti thng 4/2011, c 1.387 d n vi
tng s vn ct gim gn 3.400 t ng. Cc bin php ct gim chi tiu, co hp cc
d n u t cng s nh hng ng k ti cc doanh nghip bo him phi nhn th
c hng mc bo him xy dng v lp t chim mt t trng kh ln trong danh
mc sn phm ca cc doanh nghip.
Khi lm pht tng cao ko li sut tng theo khin cc doanh nghip v ngi dn
s c xu hng ct gim cc khon chi cha cp thit, trong c khon chi cho bo
him v i vi nhiu doanh nghip, y l khon chi cha thy ngay c li ch.
Thm vo , khi lm pht c xu hng tng ln, gi tr quyn li bo him s c xu
hng gim, nh hng nht nh ti tm l ca khch hng mua bo him theo
hng gim nhu cu mua2.
Gi vng, t gi ngoi hi v li sut thay i nh hng ng k ti hot ng
kinh doanh bo him. Mt s doanh nghip bo him phi nhn th trong nc gp kh
khn trong vic tng vn iu l do kh huy ng vn t bn ngoi. Lnh vc bo
him nhn th cng gp kh khn trong khai thc, tm kim khch hng tim nng,
mt s t khch hng tham gia bo him khng cn kh nng ng ph bo him.

2.2.1.3

Mi trng x hi (S):

Vit Nam l nc ng dn th 13 trn th gii (xp x 87 triu ngi ) v cng l


nc c dn s tr (65 - 68% s ngi tui di 35) nhng mi c khong 5%
dn s mua bo him. Nu so snh vi cc nc trong khu vc chu , theo con s
thng k th khong 20-40% dn s mua bo him. Chi ph cho bo him t GDP
cc quc gia pht trin l khong 10-15% th Vit Nam chi ph cho bo him mi
chim khong 2% t GDP3. Nhu cu mua bo him ang gia tng nhanh mi i
tng, thnh phn v tui c dn. Do , Vit Nam l mt th trng rt tim nng.

: http://www.kinhte24h.com/?a=TW&tw=NEWS&news=VIE&home_id=59&view_id=67068

: http://www.webbaohiem.net/th%E1%BB%8B-tr/4005-thi-truong-bao-hiem-viet-nam-rat-tiemnang.html
3

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PHN TCH SWOT

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Vi i a s ngi dn Vit Nam, bo him nhn th vn cn l mt lnh vc mi


m. y chnh l c hi cc cng ty bo him nhn th khm ph, pht trin th
trng.

2.2.1.4

Mi trng cng ngh (T):

Trong bi cnh hi nhp quc t, vic ng dng cng ngh thng tin cho php
cc doanh nghip bo him vi tnh ho qu trnh dch v, gim bt tnh cng knh ca
c cu t chc doanh nghip bo him, a dng ho knh phn phi v cc hnh thc
dch v, tng cng dch v khch hng bng cc dch v ph tr k thut cao,... Cng
ngh s pht trin gip ch nhiu cho cc nh bo him trong cng tc qun l v iu
hnh hot ng. Ngoi ra, s pht trin nhanh chng ca cng ngh thng tin to ra
mt thi quen tiu dng mi cho khch hng. Tuy nhin, cc sn phm cng ngh
thng tin lin tc c tung ra th trng. Vic u t v thay i cng ngh l ht sc
tt km, c bit i vi cc doanh nghip non tr Vit Nam. Mc khc, vic p
dng l ht sc kh khn khi m i ng lao ng vn hnh ny Vit Nam l khng
nhiu hoc l phi o to thm. Vi li trnh dn tr cn cha cao nn h s khng
mn m lm vi nhng cng ngh xa x ny.

2.2.1.5

Mi trng t nhin (N):

Vit Nam nm trong khu vc c kh hu nhit i gi ma, thng xuyn c bo


lt, c bit l 90% lng ma vo ma h. i vi loi bo him ti sn, nh ca,
y l tim nng ln khi m ngi dn mun bo v ti sn ca h thng qua vic
thc hin cc hp ng bo him. Chng hn nh, hng nm Vit Nam c hng chc
cn bo b thit hi v nh ca c bit tu b hng ha l rt ln. V vy, cc
doanh nghip bo him nn nh mnh vo phn khc ny. Tuy nhin, ri ro l khng
nh khi s tn ph ny c th nhn chm cc cng ty bo him. Do , vic xc nh
loi hnh cng nh mc ph chp nhn c cho ngi dn l yu t v cng quan
trong cho i vi cc doanh nghip bo him.
Nhit trung bnh hng nm c s khc bit ln gia cc vng (dao ng nhit
t mc thp nht l 5C t thng 12 n thng 1, cho ti hn 37C vo thng 4).
iu ny tc ng khng nh ti sc khe con ngi, cc bnh truyn nhim cng
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Mn: NLTHBH

Lp Tc10
Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

Trang 14/27

tng ln. iu ny cng lm tng nhu cu ca mi ngi i vi sn phm bo him.


i vi cc loi gia xc, hin nay ang tr nn mt trong nhng thch ln nht ca
ngi nng dn nh dch tai xanh, H5N1v vy doanh nghip nn ch ti loi
hnh bo him ny.

2.2.2 Phn tch mi trng vi m_M hnh 5 Forces ca Michael


Porter:
2.2.2.1

Nng lc thng lng ca nh cung cp:

Bo him l ngnh c tnh x hi rt cao khng ch ch khch hng ca n hin


hu mi lnh vc m cn ch n s dng nhng dch v c cung cp bi nhiu
ngnh ngh a dng, nh: Gio dc, thng k, ngn hng, cng ngh phn mm, y t,
vin thng
Trnh pht trin ca nh cung ng cng nh cht lng dch v cung ng gp
phn quyt nh n cht lng dch v ngnh bo him, nh hng n thng hiu
v kh nng cnh tranh ca cc doanh nghip bo him. Song hin ti, vn cha c s
phi hp cht ch, hiu qu gia doanh nghip bo him vi nh cung cp:
Hn ch trong dch v ngn hng: Cng ty bo him k tha thun chung vi tr s
chnh ngn hng nhng khi trin khai ti cc chi nhnh ngn hng thng gp kh
khn: cc chi nhnh khng p dng ng mc ph, mc th lao tha thun, khng
cung cp khng gian, d liu khch hng.
Hn ch v dch v y t: Phm vi bo him ca bo him y t cn kh hp, cn c
s phn bit trong iu tr gia bnh nhn hng bo him y t v bnh nhn dch v.
Trn thc t, phn ln bnh nhn c bo him y t v thuc tng lp trung lu tr ln
khi khm cha bnh u khng s dng quyn li t bo him y t c tip cn
cht lng dch v y t cao hn. Tnh trng nhiu bnh vin u qu ti, nht l cc
c s tuyn tnh, tuyn trung ng, bnh nhn phi ch i lu khi khm cha bnh,
nm chung ging bnh cn kh ph bin khin nhiu ngi ngi tham gia v s dng
cc dch v do bo him y t chi tr4.
4

: http://www.baomoi.com/Nhieu-nguoi-ngai-tham-gia-dich-vu-bao-hiem-y-te-chi-tra/144/7195890.epi

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

Trang 15/27

Hn ch v ngun nhn lc: Do cc c th ngh nghip, s lin kt gia o to


v th trng l yu t ht sc quan trng trong gio dc nghip v bo him. Tuy
nhin, vic o to nghip v bo him ti cc trng i hc nhn chung vn l xa ri
thc t, chng trnh o to vn cha bm st nhu cu ca ngnh. V pha doanh
nghip bo him Vit Nam, hn ch v kh nng ti chnh khng cho php cc
doanh nghip ny c th u t di hn cho vic o to cc cn b ca mnh5.

2.2.2.2

Nng lc thng lng ca khch hng:

Cu bo him xut pht t khch hng bo him (tim nng hay thc t), c th
l nhng c nhn khi mua bo him cho bn thn hay cho gia nh mnh, cng l
nhng php nhn, cc doanh nghip, cc t chc. V nguyn tc, hp ng bo him
c giao kt v thc hin da trn c s t nguyn ca khch hng nhng do nhng
c tnh ring bit ca hp ng bo him, khch hng bo him lun v th yu
hn.

2.2.2.3

e da ca cc sn phm thay th:

Dch v bo him l dch v nhm p ng nhu cu a dng ca khch hng, bao


gm nhu cu bo v, nhu cu tit kim v nhu cu u t. Sn phm thay th l sn
phm ca cc ngnh m phc v nhu cu khch hng tng t nh dch v bo him.
Do , cc nh bo him lun phi phng s cnh tranh ca cc sn phm thay th
n t ni b nn kinh t hoc t bn ngoi.
Nn kinh t tng trng cao i hi nhu cu vn v nhu cu bo him phi p
ng, t lm tin cho bo him nhn th, tn dng ngn hng, chng khon pht
trin. S cnh tranh gia cc t chc ti chnh (nh ngn hng, chng khon v cc t
chc ti chnh khc) v cc doanh nghip bo him nhn th trong vic thu ht tin
vn nhn ri trong dn chng ngy cng gay gt. Theo nh gi chung, s cnh tranh
ca cc t chc ti chnh l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh gy ra s suy gim
ca th trng bo him nhn th trong giai on 2004-2006.

2.2.2.4

Mc cnh tranh gia cc cng ty hin c trong ngnh:

:http://www.baovietnhantho.com.vn/newsdetail.asp?
websiteId=1&newsId=537&catId=199&lang=VN
5

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Mn: NLTHBH

Lp Tc10
Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

Trang 16/27

Trc xu hng m ca hi nhp, th trng bo him trong nc b thm nhp


bi cc i th cnh tranh t bn ngoi, t bit l khi cc doanh nghip bo him
hot ng nc ngoi c cung cp mt s sn phm bo him qua bin gii (vo
Vit Nam). y l iu ng lo ngi trong cuc cnh tranh khng cn sc i vi cc
doanh nghip bo him ang hot ng ti Vit Nam (Doanh nghip Vit Nam, doanh
nghip lin doanh, doanh nghip 100% vn nc ngoi). Trc ht, h khng th bit
c thng tin v i th cnh tranh ca h (Doanh nghip bo him ang hot ng
nc ngoi) c th l ai ang bn sn phm bo him vo Vit Nam. Th hai, v kh
ca i th ang s dng l loi g khng c bit r: n bo him, iu khon bo
him, iu kin bo him, ph bo him nh th no? Th ba, doanh nghip bo him
ang hot ng ti Vit Nam phi ng thu cho ngn sch nh nc nh thu VAT,
thu thu nhp doanh nghip, thu mn bi, thu s dng t hot ng kinh
doanh c doanh thu t Vit Nam, m i th th khng b ng gp cc khon thu
trn. Trong mt cuc cnh tranh m ch c doanh nghip nc ngoi bit thng tin v
cc doanh nghip bo him ang hot ng ti Vit Nam trong khi cc doanh nghip
bo him ti Vit Nam khng c thng tin g v doanh nghip bo him ang hot
ng ti nc ngoi s to ra nhng kh khn, thch thc khng nh cho cc doanh
nghip ang hot ng trong nc hin nay6, d thy nht l trong lnh vc bo him
hng ha.
Kim ngch xut khu hng ha c nc nm 2010 t 71,6 t USD, kim ngch
nhp khu hng ha t 84 t USD. Mc d kim ngch hng ha xut nhp khu c
mc tng trng cao (tng ng l 25,5% v 20,1% so vi nm 2009) nhng cc
doanh nghip bo him Vit Nam mi ch bo him c khong 5% tng kim ngch
hng xut khu v 33% kim ngch hng nhp khu. Trong khi , th trng chng
kin s tri dy mnh m ca cc cng ty bo him nc ngoi. Mc d thc t cho
thy, mua bo him hng ha t cc nh bo him Vit Nam c nhiu ci li cho cc
doanh nghip hn. Th nht, cc doanh nghip c giao dch vi ngi Vit Nam,
trnh c phin phc v ro cn php l v ngn ng, a l. Th hai, hin cc nh
bo him trong nc c nng lc t vn cho khch hng cc thng tin tu vn
chuyn qua cc mng li hng hi uy tn trn th gii, t vn cc chnh sch
6

: http://thongtinphapluatdansu.wordpress.com/2009/08/27/3695/

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Mn: NLTHBH

Lp Tc10
Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

Trang 17/27

phng hn ch tn tht v hng dn khiu ni, la chn iu kin bo him u vit


c bit, khch hng c th np ph bng ng Vit Nam gim chi ngoi t nu
lm vic vi nh bo him trong nc. Tuy nhin, doanh nghip bo him Vit Nam
vn cha tn dng c li th ny. T thc trng cho thy nng lc hot ng ca
cc doanh nghip Vit Nam cn hn ch v cha mang tm quc t7.

2.2.2.5

Nguy c nhp cuc ca cc i th cnh tranh tim tng:

Sn phm bo him d bt chc v c pht trin tun theo chun mc quc t.


V vy, khi thnh lp v i vo hot ng cc doanh nghip bo him thng l k
tha cc sn phm bo him c sn trn th trng bo him quc t v trong nc.
Mt khc, do khng tn ti cc ro cn khi gia nhp ngnh, ch cn cc t chc, c
nhn trong v ngoi nc nu iu kin theo lut nh u c quyn xin php thnh
lp doanh nghip bo him, trong c cc doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi theo
ng cam kt WTO. iu ny s lm gia tng ng k s lng i th mi nhp
cuc. Chng hn nh, s ra i ca cng ty bo him phi nhn th Hng khng do s
gp vn ca 4 c ng v Vietnam Airlines, cng ty bo him phi nhn th SHBVinacomin (SVIC) ra i di s gp vn lin kt gia ngn hng thng mi c
phn Si Gn (SHB) v tp an than khong sn Qung Ninh (TKV) trong nm 2009
lm thu hp th phn ca Bo Minh. V con s li nhun ca cc cng ty bo him
va gia nhp ngnh nm 2009, cng ty bo him than khong sn li 32,4 t ng, bo
him hng khng li 66,2 t ng chng t cho s d di trong vic to ra cc sn
phm bo him c trn th trng lm khuych i bi cnh cnh tranh trong
ngnh bo him8. Do , ngnh bo him vn cnh tranh gay gt s ngy cng gay
gt hn, trong s chy mu cht xm ngun nhn lc ch cht sang doanh nghip
bo him mi cng l iu ng lo ngi.

: http://cafef.vn/2011071304502016CA34/bao-hiem-hang-hoa-doanh-nghiep-noi-lep-ve.chn

: http://www.docstoc.com/docs/69426599/%C4%90%C3%A1nh-gi%C3%A1-th%E1%BB%8B-tr

%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng-b%E1%BA%A3o-hi%E1%BB%83m-Vi%E1%BB%87t-Nam-t
%E1%BB%AB-n%C4%83m-1993-%C4%91%E1%BA%BFn-n%C4%83m-2009
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Module 1

PHN TCH SWOT

Trang 18/27

2.2.3 S dng m hnh SWOT nh gi th trng bo him Vit


Nam:
C hi

Thch thc

1. Mi trng php l ngy

1 Bt n kinh t.

cng han thin.


2 Nhn thc cha cao v khng ng

2. Kinh t tng trng.

u.
3. Quy m dn s ln.

p dng cng ngh mi tn km


v kh khn.

4. Kh hu nhit i gi ma

im mnh
1.

im yu

Th trng ngy cng ln


mnh.

2.

1) Vic

gii

quyt

bi

thng cn nhiu hn ch.

Kh c sn phm thay th han


ton.

2) Thiu s phi hp cht


ch, hiu qu vi nh
cung cp.

3.

Sn phm a dng, ngun nhn


lc ngy cng chuyn nghip.

4.

Chin lc Marketing pht


trin.

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

GII PHP

Trang 19/27

3. MT S GII PHP THC Y TH TRNG BO HIM VIT


NAM:
Phn tch SWOT
a ra cc gii php

C hi

Thch thc

1.Mi trng php l ngy cng 1.Bt n kinh t.


han thin.

2.Nhn thc cha cao v khng

2.Kinh t tng trng.

ng u.

3.Quy m dn s ln.

3.p dng cng ngh mi tn

4.Kh hu nhit i gi ma

km v kh khn.

5.Th trng bo him Vit Nam


c nh gi cao.
im mnh

* O1-S: L hnh lang vng chc -S4- T2: + Thay i cch tip
cho cc doanh nghip t do hot cn khch hng nh truyn
1.Th trng ngy cng
ng theo khun kh php lut.
thng, thay v qung co rm
ln mnh.
=> 1.V pha cc c quan chc r trn cc phng tin thng
2.Kh c sn phm nng:
tin i chng hay cho cc nhn
thay th han ton.

3.Sn phm a dng,


ngun nhn lc ngy
cng chuyn nghip.

- R sot, hon thin hnh lang vin n tng gia nh t vn


php l th trng bo him s dng dch v; bn cnh
vn hnh theo chun mc quc cc doanh nghip bo him nn
t, to ra mi trng cnh tranh nh cc khch hnh ca chnh
lnh mnh.

mnh, tng hng li t cc


4.Chin lc Marketing - Kim sot, kim ton ni b
dch v bo him chia s, to
pht trin.
nhm phng chng cc biu hin cch n gn hn vi khch
tiu cc
hng tim nng trong tng lai
- Thng xuyn theo st din y c xem cch tip cn
bin th trng, tng cng kim mang tnh khch quan hn.
tra, pht hin v x l nghim
khc cc hnh vi cnh tranh
khng lnh mnh, trc li, khng
tun th cc yu cu ti chnh,
Nhm: tcdn1005ueh34
Mn: NLTHBH

+ Lin tc thc hin nghin


cu v pht trin th trng
tm kim thm nh cung
Lp Tc10

Module 1

GII PHP

Trang 20/27

khng thc hin nghim chnh

cp v cc khch hng tim

cc quy nh ca Lut cnh

nng cho ngnh.

tranh, lut kinh doanh bo


him lm nh hng n

+ Thng tin mt cch ng

quyn v li ch chnh ng ca

u n cc khu vc dn c

ngi tham gia bo him.

m bo mi ngi u

2.V pha Hip hi Bo him

nhn c ngun tin hu ch

Vit Nam:

v tin cy.

- xy dng v ban hnh quy tc

+ Khi dy v cng c nim

hp tc chng cnh tranh khng

tin i vi c nhn, t chc

lnh mnh gia cc doanh

tham gia.

nghip bo him trn th trng

S1- T3: : Vi s h tr

3.V pha cc doanh nghip bo

mnh m ca cng ngh

him:

thng tin, nn vic nh ph

- tun th cc quy nh ca php

cc sn phm bo him c

lut v kinh doanh ni chung,

th gim phc tp.

kinh doanh bo him ni ring,


cc chnh sch v cnh tranh, + Cc doanh nghip nn u
t v cn nhc k lng khi s
chng c quyn
dng bt k mt phn mm h
tng tr no phn tch nhy
trng kinh t nhanh v quy m ca ph bo him vi cc bin
dn s ln l c s cho th s kinh t nh l li sut, lm
*O2,O3-S1,S4:tc

ln pht, gi chng khon, nhm


mnh.Bng cch tng cng cc a ra ph bo him ph hp.
trng

BH

ngy

mt

hot ng marketing ch yu
thng qua i l thu ht nhiu
khch hng hn.
Do vy m cc doanh nghip nn
tch cc hn na pht trin a

+ Tuy nhin, khng nn u t


nhy vt m hy u t dn, c
chn lc v c chin lc, k
hoch c th.

dng cc sn phm bo him v

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

GII PHP

Trang 21/27

d nh sn phm bo him lin


kt u t chung v lin kt u
t n v
*O4-S2,S3,S4.cc nguy c tim
n t kh hu ny to iu kin
thun li cho BH pht trin v
doanh thu(kh c sp thay th) v
c v cht lng(sn phm a
dng)thng qua nhiu knh tip
th nhiu ngi c bit n
tc dng v li ch ca chng.
* O5-S1.l c hi cho cc doanh
nghip u t nc ngoi gia
nhp th trng VN.Cc doanh
nghip nn tng cng cc hot
ng marketing qung b
im yu
1.Vic gii quyt bi
thng cn nhiu hn
ch.

thng hiu hn na.


1. W1-O1 : Thc hin ng cc
php lut v bi thng trong
hot ng kinh doanh bo him.
Hp ng bo him phi quy
nh r rng v thi gian v mc

2.Thiu s phi hp cng ty bo him thc hin


cht ch, hiu qu vi bi thng khi ri ro xy ra.
nh cung cp.

Ci cch hnh chnh, n gin


ho th tc bn bo him, gim
nh tn tht v bi thng
nhanh gn chnh xc

2. W2-O2 Pht trin cc sn


phm bo him a dng, cht
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Lp Tc10
Module 1

GII PHP

Trang 22/27

lng tt cho khch hng trong


nn kinh t tng trng v cht
lng cuc sng tng cao.
Pht trin cc sn phm bo
him a dng v d nh sn
phm bo him lin kt u t
chung v lin kt u t n
v
Cn tng cng kim tra, gim
st hot ng kinh doanh bo
him v cc hot ng ti chnh
c lin quan. Pht hin v ngn
chn kp thi nhng hin tng
v c tnh dy chuyn gia
cc ngnh c lin quan nhiu n
lnh vc bo him, nh ngn
hng, ti chnh, chng khon v
kinh doanh bt ng sn.
Cc doanh nghip to nn tng
pht trin bn vng thng qua
hon thin m hnh qun tr
doanh nghip theo thng l quc
t; pht trin cng ngh thng
tin, u t pht trin ngun nhn
lc, pht trin thng hiu
Nhng gii php khc :

Nh nc c chnh sch khuyn khch ngi dn tham gia bo him nhn th, u
tin pht trin cc sn phm bo him nhn th c tnh cht u t di hn; khuyn

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Module 1

GII PHP

Trang 23/27

khch cc doanh nghip bo him nghin cu trin khai cc sn phm bo him nng,
lm, ng nghip; ch trng m rng phm vi hot ng n cc vng su, vng xa.
Vic cp php thnh lp cho cc cng ty bo him c vn u t nc ngoi hot
ng ti Vit Nam phi ph hp vi quy m, yu cu pht trin ca th trng, l trnh
hi nhp v cc cam kt quc t. Ch trng n cc cng ty bo him thuc cc nc
c quan h thng mi v u t vi Vit Nam, cc cng ty c nng lc ti chnh,
trnh cng ngh, kinh nghim hot ng bo him v c ng gp vo s pht trin
th trng bo him Vit Nam.
Khuyn khch cc doanh nghip trong nc m rng phm vi hot ng kinh
doanh, k c th trng bo him quc t v khu vc, tham gia gp vn vo cc
cng ty bo him, mi gii bo him, ti bo him ang hot ng thnh cng nc
ngoi v thnh lp cc cng ty con kinh doanh bo him nc ngoi.
Cc doanh nghip to nn tng pht trin bn vng thng qua hon thin m hnh
qun tr doanh nghip theo thng l quc t; pht trin cng ngh thng tin, u t
pht trin ngun nhn lc, pht trin thng hiu.
Ch trng khch hng c nhn, cung cp cc dch v ti chnh kt hp khng nh
thng hiu v cht lng dch v, nng cao nng lc cnh tranh quc t.
Cc cng ty bo him rt cn hp tc vi nhau trong nhiu mt. Thng qua Hip
hi bo him, cc thnh vin c th c nhng tc ng tch cc nhm m rng, nh
hng cho th trng, duy tr s cnh tranh lnh mnh, chng trc li bo him to
iu kin pht trin c li cho ton ngnh.
Tng cng nng lc ti chnh, kh nng cnh tranh trn th trng thng qua kh
nng thanh ton, cng nh m bo cc cam kt i vi ngi tham gia BH
To ra nhiu dch v gia tng ngoi vic c bo him nh c khm cha bnh
ti c s y t v bc s ni ting theo gi u i, c sa cha xe (khng thuc trch
nhim bi thng ca bo him) ti c s uy tn v c gim gi...
Ci cch hnh chnh, n gin ho th tc bn bo him, gim nh tn tht v bi
thng nhanh gn chnh xc
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Module 1

GII PHP

Trang 24/27

Ch trng n cng tc u t ti chnh t qu d phng nghip v bo him nhm


em li bo tc ngy mt tt hn cho khch hng.
Tip tc xy dng thng hiu, vn ho doanh nghip v phong cch phc v tt.
Thit lp mi quan h cht ch gia nh qun l vi doanh nghip.
Phi hp vi Hip hi bo him thc thi nhng nguyn tc o c ngh nghip,
o to ngun nhn lc.
Gip ngi dn nhn thc c tm quan trng ca nhng bo him cn thit..

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Lp Tc10
Module 1

TI LIU THAM KHO

Trang 25/27

TI LIU THAM KHO:

1. http://webbaohiem.net/ki%E1%BA%BFn-th%E1%BB%A9c-chung/1239-lch-s-phattrin.html

2. http://www.vietcapital.com.vn/vi-vn/zone/318/item.cco
3. http://thuvienphapluat.vn/archive/Nghi-dinh/Nghi-dinh-100-CP-kinh-doanh-baohiem-vb38656t11.aspx

4. http://daotaobaohiem.blogspot.com/
5. http://muabaohiemonline.net/index.aspx?
Def=578&ID=996&CateID=509#ixzz1bm7LbNhQ

6. http://www.baoviet.com.vn/insurance/newsdetail.asp?
websiteId=1&newsId=537&catId=199&lang=VN
7. http://webbaohiem.net/th%E1%BB%8B-tr/816-ngun-nhan-lc-cho-nganh-bohim-nhiu-thach-thc.html
8. http://www.baomoi.com/Nhan-su-bao-hiem-van-trong-tinh-trang-cung-thaphon-cau/146/5896142.epi
9. http://www.qlct.gov.vn/Web/Content.aspx?distid=2586&lang=vi-VN
10. http://thongtinphapluatdansu.wordpress.com/2010/09/13/5226/
11. http://www.prulink.com.vn/kien_thuc_unit_link.php#
12. http://www.webbaohiem.net/kinh-doanh/6344-no-ro-nhu-cau-bao-hiem-kethop-dau-tu.html
13. http://www.baomoi.com/Nganh-bao-hiem-doc-suc-voi-cuoc-dua-cong-nghe
14. http://www.webbaohiem.net

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Module 1

TI LIU THAM KHO

Trang 26/27

15. http://webbaohiem.net/b%E1%BA%A3o-hi%E1%BA%BBm-v%E1%BB
%9Bi-wto/1234-th-trng-bo-him-vit-nam-vi-vic-gia-nhp-wto.html

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Module 1

TI LIU THAM KHO

Trang 27/27

Nhm: tcdn1005ueh34
Mn: NLTHBH

Lp Tc10
Module 1

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