TRNG I HC DN LP VN LANG KHOA CNG NGH & QUN L MI TRNG

NI DUNG CHNG 1

QUN L CHT THI NGUY HI

Chng 2 GII THIU CHUNG

nh ngha CTR-CTNH Tng quan h thng qun l CTR-CTNH

GVC. TS. Trn Th M Diu

I HC VNLANG

Thng 9 nm 2011

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

I HC VNLANG

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTR-CTNH Cht thi? Cht thi rn? Cht thi rn sinh hot? i h h t? Cht thi rn cng nghip? Cht thi cng nghip nguy hi? Cht thi rn th?
I HC VNLANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi (theo UNEP ) CTNH l cc cht do bn cht chng c Kh nng phn ng C tnh n mn C tnh cht khc
Gy nguy hi n sc khe con ngi v MT
I HC VNLANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

C tnh chy n C tnh c

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi (theo USEPA ) CTNH c 1 trong 4 tnh cht sau Tnh chy n Tnh n mn
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NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi (theo USEPA ) CTNH c 1 trong 4 tnh cht sau Tnh chy n
Dung dch c nhit bc chy < 60oC Cht rn c kh nng gy chy k chun CTNH S D001 0oC - 1 atm

Tnh phn ng Tnh c

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi (theo USEPA ) CTNH c 1 trong 4 tnh cht sau Tnh n mn
Dng lng, pH < 2 hoc pH > 12,5 C kh nng n mn thp vi tc > 0,25 in/nm CTNH S D002 0,635 cm/nm

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi Tnh phn ng (theo USEPA ) CTNH c 1 trong 4 tnh cht sau
Cht khng bn Png mnh lit vi nc v khng kh CTNH S D003 To hn hp gy n vi nc
Pht tn hi c khi trn vi nc or cht khc

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi Tnh c

c cho con ngi c cho ng thc vt Xc nh trong PTN
I HC VN LANG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi Tnh c Phng php EP Phng php TCLP
I HC VN LANG

(theo USEPA )

(theo USEPA )

CTNH c 1 trong 4 tnh cht sau

CTNH c 1 trong 4 tnh cht sau

C (c) = 100 ln C (nc ung)

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

C (c) = 100 ln C (nc ung)

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi

Phng php EP- (Extraction Procedure) EPCTRCN NGHIN 9,5 mm TRCH LY LC

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi Phng php TCLP

CTRCN NGHIN 9,5 mm TRCH LY d2 Acetic acid 0,04M (pH = 5),khuy 30 rpm Lng : Rn = 20 : 1 18 gi, 22oC PHN TCH NC SAU LC
KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

0,60,6-0,8 m
LC

d2 Acetic acid 0,04M (pH = 5), khuy Lng : Rn = 16 : 1 24 gi PHN TCH NC SAU LC

Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure

I HC VN LANG

I HC VN LANG

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH
Nng ti a ca cht nhim i vi c tnh c theo RCRA (M)
Cht nhim Arsenica Bariuma Benzene Cadmiuma Carbon tetrachloride Chlordane Chlorobenzene Chloroform Chlorium o-Cresol m-Cresol p-Cresol
I HC VN LANG

NH NGHA CTNH
Nng ti a ca cht nhim i vi c tnh c theo RCRA (M)
Cht nhim 1,4 Dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichloroethane 1,1-Dichloroethylene 2,4-Dinitrotoluene Endrina Heptachlor (v hydroxide ca n) Hexachlorobenzene
a
I HC VN LANG

Cht thi nguy hi

Cht nhim Hexachloro-1,3butadiene 5,0 100,0 0,5 1,0 0,5 0,03 100,0 6,0 5,0 200,0 200,0 200,0 10,0

Cht thi nguy hi

Nng ti a (mg/l) 7,5 0,5 0,7 0,13 0,02 0,008 0,13 Cht nhim Toxaphenea

Nng ti a (mg/l)

Nng ti a (mg/l) 0,5 3,0 5,0 0,4 0,2 10,0 200,0 2,0 100,0 5,0 1,0 5,0
KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

Hexachloroethane Leada Lidanea Mercurya Methoxychlora Methyl ethyl ketone Nitrobenzene Pentachlorophenol Pyridine Selenium Silvera Tetrachloroethylene

Nng ti a (mg/l) 0,5 0,5 400,0 2,0 1,0 0,2

Trichloroethylene 2,4,5 trichlorophenol 2,4,6 trichlorophenol 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)a Vinyl chloride

2,4-Da

0,7

Thnh phn nhim c tnh theo EP trc y Ngun: Lut Lin Bang 40 phn 261.24

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi (theo CANADA) CTNH l nhng cht thi m do bn cht v khi lng c nguy c gy hi nsc l h i khe con ngi v/hoc mi trng v i hi cng ngh c bit loi tr hoc gim thiu tnh nguy hi ca chng

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi (theo PHILIPIN) CTNH l ~ cht c tnh nguy hi i vi con ngi v ng vt, bao g g g , gm
Tnh c Tnh n mn Tnh kch thch Kh nng chy n
I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

I HC VN LANG

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi

(theo Q 155/1999/Q-TTG, 16/7/1999) CTNH l cht c cha cc cht hoc hp cht mang mt trong cc c tnh gy nguy hi trc tip hoc tng tc vi cht khc gy nguy hi n mi trng v sc khe con ngi.

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi trong CTRT

Tiu chun phn loi CTNH c trong CTRT theo mc c hi Mc hi 6-Cc c 5-Rt c 4-c 3-c trung bnh 2-t c 1-Khng c
I HC VN LANG

D chy D n D n mn
I HC VN LANG

D ly nhim Lm ng c Tnh nguy hi khc

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

Nng gy cht qua ng n ung < 5 mg/kg 5-50 mg/kg 50-500 mg/kg 0,5-5 g/kg 5-15 g/kg > 15 g/kg
KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

Ngun: Tchobanoglous v cng s, 1993.

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi nguy hi

Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 v/v ban hnh danh mc cht thi nguy hi Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t

QUY CH Qun l cht thi y t

(Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 43/2007/Q-BYT ngy 03 thng 12 nm 2007 ca B trng B Y t)

Nhm 1 & 2
I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi ly nhim; Cht thi ha hc nguy hi; Cht thi phng x; Cc bnh cha p sut; Cht thi thng thng.

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi ly nhim

Cht thi sc nhn (loi A): L cht thi c th gy ra cc vt ct hoc chc thng, c th nhim khun Cht thi ly nhim khng sc nhn (loi B): L cht thi b thm mu, thm dch sinh hc ca c th v cc cht thi pht sinh t bung bnh cch ly
KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

I HC VN LANG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi ly nhim

Cht thi c nguy c ly nhim cao (loi C): L cht thi pht sinh trong cc phng xt nghim nh: bnh phm v dng c ng, dnh bnh phm. Cht thi gii phu (loi D): Bao gm cc m, c quan, b phn c th ngi; rau thai, bo thai v xc ng vt th nghim
I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi ha hc nguy hi

Dc phm qu hn, km phm cht khng cn kh nng s dng Cht ha hc nguy hi s dng trong y t (PL 1) Cht gy c t bo, gm: v cc chai thuc, l thuc, cc dng c dnh thuc gy c t bo v cc cht tit t ngi bnh c iu tr bng ho tr liu (PL2)
I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi ha hc nguy hi

Cht thi cha kim loi nng: thy ngn (t nhit k, huyt p k thy ngn b v, cht thi , y p y g , t hot ng nha khoa), cadimi (Cd) (t pin, c quy), ch (t tm g bc ch hoc vt liu trng ch s dng trong ngn tia x t cc khoa chn on hnh nh, x tr).

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi phng x

Gm cc cht thi phng x rn, lng v kh pht sinh t cc hot ng chn on, iu tr, nghin cu v sn xut. Danh mc thuc phng x v hp cht nh du dng trong chn on v iu tr ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 33/2006/Q-BYT ngy 24 thng 10 nm 2006 ca B trng B Y t.
I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

I HC VN LANG

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cc bnh cha p sut Bnh ng oxy, CO2, bnh gas, bnh oxy gas kh dung

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi thng thng

l cht thi khng cha cc yu t ly nhim, ho hc nguy hi, phng x, d chy, n Cht thi sinh hot pht sinh t cc bung i h h t ht i h b bnh (tr cc bung bnh cch ly) Cht thi t cc hot ng chuyn mn y t nh cc chai l thy tinh, chai huyt thanh, cc vt liu nha, cc loi bt b trong gy xng kn. Nhng cht thi ny khng dnh mu, dch sinh hc v cc cht ha hc nguy hi

I HC VN LANG

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

I HC VN LANG

KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG

NH NGHA CTNH Cht thi y t Cht thi thng thng

Cht thi t cc cng vic hnh chnh: giy, bo, ti liu, vt liu ng g , thng carton, ti , , g gi, g , nilon, ti ng phim

Cht thi ngoi cnh: l cy v rc t cc khu vc ngoi cnh

I HC VN LANG KHOA CN&QL MI TRNG