Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Li Ni u
Ngy nay cng vi vic pht trin mnh m cc ng dng ca khoa hc k thut trong cng nghip, c bit l trong cng nghip in t th cc thit b linh kin in t c cng sut ln cng c ch to ngy cng nhiu. V c bit cc ng dng ca n vo cc ngnh kinh t quc dn v i sng hng ngy v ang c pht trin ht sc mnh m. Tuy nhin p ng c nhu cu ngy cng nhiu v phc tp ca cng nghip th ngnh in t cng sut lun phi nghin cu tm ra gii php ti u nht. c bit vi ch trng cng nghip ho - hin i ho ca Nh nc, cc nh my, x nghip cn phi thay i, nng cao a cng ngh t ng iu khin vo trong sn xut. Do i hi phi c thit b v phng php iu khin an ton, chnh xc. l nhim v ca ngnh in t cng sut cn phi gii quyt. gii quyt c vn ny th Nh nc ta cn phi c i ng thit k ng o v ti nng. Sinh vin ngnh TH tng lai khng xa s ng trong ng ny, do m cn phi t trang b cho mnh c mt trnh v tm hiu bit su rng. Chnh v vy mn hc in t cng sut l mt yu cu cp thit cho mi sinh vin TH. N l bi kim tra kho st kin thc tng hp ca mi sinh vin, v cng l iu kin cho sinh vin ngnh TH t tm hiu v nghin cu kin thc v in t cng sut. Qua y cho em c gi li cm n ti thy Nguyn nh Dng tn tnh ch dn, gip chng em hon thnh tt ti tt nghip ny. ti ny hon thnh khng nhng gip em c c thm nhiu kin thc hn v mn hc m cn gip em dc tip xc vi mt phng php lm vic mi ch ng hn,linh hot hn v c bit l s quan trng ca phng php lm vic theo nhm.Qu trnh thc hin ti l mt thi gian thc s b ch cho bn thn em v nhiu mt.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip Ph Th, ngy 25 thng

03 nm 2009 Sinh vin Nhm 5

Mc Lc
PHN 1 : S DNG PHN MM ORCAD THIT K MCH IN. CHNG 1 : V mch nguyn l bng OrCad... CHNG 2 : Thit k mch in.. PHN 2: M PHNG MCH BNG PROTEUS. PHN 3: THIT K MODULE THC HNH LINH KIN IN T CNG SUT.

1. Khi mch Tranzitor cng sut (BJT) .. 2. Khi mch MOSFET cng sut.. 3. Khi mch Dalington... 4. Khi mch Triac...... 5. Khi mch Diac.... 6. Khi mch IGBT..... 7. Khi mch Thyrirtor... 8. Khi pht xung UJT.... 9. Khi mch pht xung PWM.. 10. 11.
Khi mch ngun.... Khi mch pht xung s dng CTA 785...

PHN 4: TNG KT LINH KIN HON THNH MODUL THC HNH

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

PHN 1: S DNG PHN MM ORCAD THIT K MCH IN

Gii thiu
Cng vi s pht trin nhanh chng ca my tnh, CAD( computerAideddegin) c xy dng ngy cng hon thin v ng dng trong hu ht cc lnh vc khoa hc k thut. i vi chuyn ngnh in t, nhiu phn mm CAD cho php thit k mch,m phng v v mch in mt cch nhanh chngv hiu qu nh OrCAD/ Pspice, Multisim( Elctonics WorkBench), Mcisim, ExpeditionPCB, ORCAD l mt phn mm thit k mch in t n gin v ph bin.Cng c rt nhiu phn mm thit k in t khc, tuy nhin, chng ti chn s dng phn mm ny, v b cng c ny c nh gi l kh mnh. Nhc im ln nht l phn mm Orcad khng cung cp min ph, nhc im th 2 l b phn mm Orcad h tr qu nhiu v vy n kh nng. Tuy vy cc th vin linh kin ca Orcad c th coi l mnh nht cho n nay, v hu ht cc nh sn xut linh kin in t u cung cp cc Addin th vin linh kin cho Orcad. Phn mm Orcad cho php chng ta s dng thit k nguyn l mch in t chuyn sang mch in v c s dng trong mch in thc dng. Cc thao tc vi phn mm Orcad:

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Phn th nht: Mt s thao tc v mt mch nguyn l vi Orcad dng Capture. Phn th hai: Cc thao tc chuyn t mch nguyn l sang mch in dng Layout Plus. Phn th ba: Mt s phng php iu chnh mch in, v to cc file cn thit gia cng mch in cng nghip,v xut ra file *.pdf ca mch in. Phn th t: dng file .pdf thit k mch in hon chnh.

Chng 1 : V mch nguyn l vi OrCad

Trc tin chng ta khi ng OrCad vi chng trnh CAPTURE hoc CAPTURE CIS u nh nhau.Nh hnh trn.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Mn hnh Capture s hin ra nh trn. Vic cc bn cn lm tip theo l to ra mt project lm vic. Cc bn bm vo biu tng t giy trng (Creat document) to ra mt d n lm vic vi Capture.

Chng ta s thy xut hin mt ca s,cho php chn v tr t th mc lm vic (Location), v cho php t tn (Name). Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5 GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Ta bm vo nt Browse chn v tr t bi ca chng ta.

Ca s tip theo xut hin cho php ta chn th mc lm vic.N u ta mun to ra mt th mc con cha bi tp ta bm vo nt Create Dir to ra th mc con.

Ta nh tn th mc con mun to v n nt OK.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Mn hnh Capture s hin ra nh trn.Vic ta cn lm tip theo l to mt project lm vic.Ta bm vo biu tng t giy trng (Creat document) to ra phn lm vic vi Capture.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Ta s thy xut hin mt ca s cho php chn v tr t th mc lm vic (Location),v cho php t tn bi. Ta bm vo nt Brown chn v tr t bi tp.

Ca s tip theo hin ra cho php chn th mc lm vic.Nu ta mun to ra mt th mc con cha bi tp ta n vo nt Create Dir to ra th mc con.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Ta nh tn th mc con mun to v n nt OK.

Ta xem li mt ln na ca s lm vic, v cc con s chnh l th t cng vic cn lm.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

10

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Sau khi to th mc con v to th mc con ta c th t tn cho bi tp.Tt nht mi bi t p nn t vo mt th mc ring.

Sau khi t tn ta s thy mt ca s c cc chm xut hin.By gi ta cn c lng xem mch nguyn l mnh lm c ln khng?Ta nn chn kh giy v mch trc tin.Tt nhin khi v mch nu kh giy v khng ta c th thay i sau.Nhng chng ta nn chn mt thi quen chn kh giy trc v c gng sp xp sao cho mch va vi kh giy. Ta chn Option => Schematic Page Properties. M t khung ca s mi s hin ra cho php ta chn kh giy.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

11

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Ta c th chn kch thc theo Inches hoc Millimeters.Ta c th chn kh giy mc nh theo kch thc A,B,C,D,E, hoc c th chn Custom ci t kh giy tu thch.

Sau khi t kh giy xong ta cn t cc linh kin ln khung giy .Nhn Shift + P m khung mn hnh Place Part nh hnh trn. Khi ln u chy OrCad,c c th vin linh kin cha c Add vo.Ta chn Add Library a cc th vin vo.

Mn hnh cho php Add cc th vin s hin ra, ta chn tt c cc file.olb v nhn Open.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

12

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Bn tay tri pha trn c mt nt c nh du trn, thay v nhn Shift +P ta c th nhn vo nt , n cng m ln ca s Place Part.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

13

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Ca s Place Part hin ra,ta n Libraries nm bn tay tri pha dui,ch chut vo 1 trong cc th vin va add vo ta s thy danh sch cc linh kin ca s trn thay i.Ta c th chn linh kin ph h p thit k mch.

Nhn OK ly linh kin ra.Linh kin d c ly ra nhng vn tip tc dnh vo chut,nu ta nhn chut tri mt ln na th mt linh kin ging linh kin trc s t vo giy, v vy ta phi nhn ESC kt thc vic ly linh kin.

Ta t y cc linh kin cn dng vo giy trc,sau sp xp v ni mch li vi nhau. ni cc ng mch ta bm vo nt c hnh dy dn nh ch Z ngc gc phi pha trn,Ta bm chut tri vo chn linh kin ny v ni vi chn linh kin khc. trng d coi hn ta cn phi xoay cc linh kin hoc di chuyn n v tr thch hp.Sau khi sa ta nhn ESC tr li trng thi lm vic hoc nhn vo hnh mi tn pha trn cng gc tri. Mun di chuyn linh kin ta nhn chut vo linh kin v ko n i.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

14

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Mun xoay, lt linh kin ta nhn chut v o linh kin v nhn nt V,R hoc H.Mi nt ng vi mt trng thi xay lt khc nhau.Nh hnh di.

T mt hnh linh kin gc ta c th xoay Rotate,lt theo trc dc Vertical, lt theo trc ngang Horizontal. Nh vy ta c th chn linh kin, t linh kin theo y mun v ni mch gia cc linh kin c c mch nguyn l hon thin. Bc cui cng l chn linh kin no ta khng ni dy mch th ta phi nh du X vo chn linh kin . i vi cc chn linh kin no ni t hoc ni ngun th ta phi gn ngun v t cho chng.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

15

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Chng 2: Thit k mch in

1.Cc thnh phn chnh trn giao din ca chng trnh Layuot

Thanh cng c. M, lu trang v. Library Maneger : Qun l th vin cc kiu chn hn. Delete : Xo thnh phn chn. Find : Tm kim thnh phn trn bn v. Edit : Hin th v sa i thuc tnh ca cc thnh phn chn. Speadsheet : Qun l cc thnh phn trn trang v. Cng c Zoom. Query : Hin th cc im nghi vn trn trang v. Component : cng c chn v x l cc thnh phn. Pin : Cng c chn v x l chn hn. Obstacle : Cng c chn v x l cc ng ngn cch. Text : cng c x l vn bn. Connection : Cng c x l cc ng kt ni mch. Error : D tm cc li trn trang v. Color : nh mu sc. Online DRC : Tt m chc nng kim cc quy tc nh trc.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

16

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Reconnect : Tt m vic hin th cc ng mch in v. Auto path round : cng c v ng mch in t ng cho tng kt ni. Shove track : Cng c x dch cc ng mch in. Edit segment : Dch chuyn on ni mch in. Add/Edit route : V mi hoc sa i cc ng mch in. Refreesh all : lm ti trang v. Design rule Check : Kim tra cc quy tc nh trc. Thanh trng thi. Hin th to hin ti ca con tr. Hin th v cho php chn lp mch in.

2.Thc hnh v mt mch in

S dng chng trnh OrCad Capture to mt Project c tn LAYOUT trong th mc Layuot. V mt mch nguyn l nh sau:

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

17

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

ng vi mi linh kin cn c mt chn hn nht nh. xc nh kiu chn hn cho linh kin : nhn p vo linh kin, nhp kiu chn ca linh kin vo mc PCB Footprint, nhn vo nt tr v trang v mch nguyn l.

Nhn vo nt

ng trang v:

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

18

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Chn PAGE 1 nhn vo nt Create Netlist:

M chng trnh Orcad Layout. To mt trang v board mch in mi :File->New

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht Chn file _Default.tch, nhn Open

19

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Chn th mc Layuot lu Project, chn tp tin netlist LAYUOT.MNL:

Xc nh th mc lu bn v board mch in, xc nh tn tp tin lu board mch in.

Mt trang v mch in c m ra vi tt c cc chn hn ca cc linh kin c xc nh trc v cc ng ni theo s nguyn l:

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

20

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Nhn nt

chn v di chuyn linh kin n v tr mong mun.Vic xoay linh tt

kin c th c thc hin bng cch chn linh kin v nhn phm R.Nhn chc nng kim tra cc quy tc trc.

Nhn nt v cc ng mch in ni mch, chn lp th 2(BOT) thc hin v ng mch in.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

21

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Chn ng ni cn v nhn chut v thc hin tng ng ni gia 2 im.

Mun xo ng ni chn ng ni nhn phm Delete trn bn phm. Mun thay i rng ca ng ni chn ng ni nhn phm W chnh li gi tr rng ca ng ni, nhn OK. Thng xuyn nhn nt lm ti trang v.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

22

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

v ng bin th hin phm vi ca board mch nhn nt chn lp Global Layout (lp 0) v mt khung khp kn bng cch nhn chut ti mt gc ca board mch,di chuyn n cc gc k tip nhn chut. kt thc v ng bin nhn phm ESC.

Nhn nt

lu bn v.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

23

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

PHN 2 : M PHNG MCH BNG PROTEUS

1.Khi ng chng trnh. Sauk hi ci t Proteus,vo Start menu,khi ng isis ca Proteus:

2.Giao din chnh.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht 3.Cc toolbar chnh: Thanh s 1:

24

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

-Cm 1: to nhanh mt trang thit k, m trang thit k to,lu trang thit k -Cm 2: In c trang,chn vng ib ty -Cm 3: Chia li im trang thit k. -Cm 4: Zoom linh kin v gia trang,phng to,thu nh, fix trang,zoom vng tu chn. -Cm 5: Ct, coppy, paste trang. -Cm 6: Copy, move, quay, xo linh kin trn trang. -Cm 7: Ch vng biu tng u,chn linh kin. Thanh s 2:

1.Cho php chn linh kin sau khi nhn nt P hp thoi DEVICES. 2.Chm im trn trang. 3.To nhn:nhn tri chut ln dy dn v t tn. 4.Text:nhn tri chut v v. 5.To Bus 6.I dont use. 7.nhn tri ln linh kin xem edit component. 8.Ngun, t, bus 9.Chn linh kin. 10.Simulation Graph. 11.Tape recorder. 12.Generator: DC, xung, sin,.. 13.Voltage Probe:ging vn k thng nhng ch c mt u dy,hin s trc tip. 14.Current Probe: ging ampe k nhng ch c mt u. 15.Dng c o: oscilloscope.vn k AC,DC,ampe k AC,DC.. 16.v ng 2D. 17.V hp 2D. 18.V ng trn 2D 19.V cung trn 2D 20.V a gic 2D 21.Text 2D:nhn tri vo trang va type.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht Thanh s 3:

25

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Quay tri,phi, i xng chn ngang dc linh kin trn hp hin th linh kin. Thanh s 4. iu khin Start, step by step, pause,stop qu trnh m phng. 4.Thit k mch m phng. Thit k mch m phng chng trnh hin th s t 0 n 9 dng LED 7 thanh. Mch m phng nh sau:

u tin ta ly tt c cc linh kin cn dng ra hp thoi DEVICES bng cch nhn vo ch P hp thoi DEVICES, ta s c hp thoi Pick Devices hin ra nh sau:

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

26

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

G tn linh kin cn ly vo Keywords.

Hnh linh kin v s chn mch in s hin ra bn cch khi ta nhn vo chn linh kin. chn ta nhn OK lc ny trn hp thoi DEVICES s xut hin tn linh kin chn. ly linh kin rat rang thit k ta nhn vo tn linh kin trong hp thoi DEVICES, dng thanh cng c nhn tri vo trang thit k t linh kin. thay i cho ph hp sau sang

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

27

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Ta ln lt a cc linh kin cn dng ra trang thit k.Ngun v t ly ra bng cch nhn vo biu tng trn thanh cng c s 2.ta sp xp cc linh kin theo mch nguyn l.

i dy ta nhn vo chn linh kin th nht, di chuyn chut v nhn vo chn linh kin th 2. sa mt linh kin ta nhn p chut ln linh kin .Sau khi i dy ta c mch hon chnh nh sau:

Nh vy ta m phng xong mch hon chnh. chy mch ta nhn vo nt Start trn thanh cng c s 4.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

28

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

PHN 3 : THIT K MODULE THC HNH LINH KIN IN T CNG SUT

1.Mch iu khin ngun cp xung s dng TCA785
K H O I M A C H D I E U K H I E N C A P X U N G S U D U N G T C A 7 8 5

R 4 D D

1 . 7 1 I O D E K / 9 W R 2 2 3 0 K

C 0 R 1 0 2 k D B D 9 1 A 3 Y B D A6 2 . 4

1 7 u F 1 2 3 1 4 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 6 D 2 3 4 T 5 6 7 8 C 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 A 2 1 0 5 4 3 5 4 3 2 1 0 C 1 C 4 R 2 C R 1 0 1 0 7 2 K 5 0 7 n K 5 2 6 0 p F . 2 k R 9 7 8 B A Y 6 21 2 0 . O 1 4 R 5 T m 2 R 4 4 . 7 K

1Y

R 2 5

8 . 2 K

3 2 + 4 C 2 2 C 0 H V / 2 I N 2 u U F C A U

C 5 2

3 . 2 u F R 6

4 D

I O

D 1 2 c

JE 1

2 M B A

6 7 8

4 1 V 0 a0 c0 H L U

D 1

8 5 v

S nguyn l khi mch pht xung s dng TCA785

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

29

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Gii thiu s :
Mch bao gm: MBA(T1) 220AC/24AC; MBA xung T2. Mt IC TCA785.

By in tr : R1(4,7k) ; R2 (10k) ; R3 (220k) ; R4 (4,7k) ; R5(220); R6(2.2k); R7(22k). Bin tr R9,R10. 5 Diode (D1-D5) v 1 diode zenner D8. T in C1(0,47uF); C2(1000uF); C3(2,2uF); C4; C5(4,7nF); C6(150pF). MBA T1 c nhim v bin i in p xoay chiu 220v hoc 110v xung 24v. thng qua b chnh lu cu Diode in p Ac chuyn thnh in p Dc cung cp cho mch iu khin. s s dng cc t lc C2,C3,C4,C5,C6. v t kch C1. TCA 785 c nhim v iu bin xung ra lm xung c tnh n nh cao MBA xung T2 gip bin i xung ra khng giao ng

Nguyn l:

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

30

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

S mch in khi mch pht xung s dng TCA78

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

31

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

M phng khi khuych i to xung s dng TCA 785

AM

F M

R 1
4K 7

R 3
10k

C 1
2u2

R V1
0 %

16

U 1
Q 1 Q 1 Q 2 Q 2 Q U Q Z VRE F 14 4 15 2 3 7 8

R 2
2k2 10k

5 1 1 6 1 3 1 2 1 0 9

VSY C N V11 INHIBIT L C 12 C 10 R 9

V S

R 5
220k

D 1
1N 4007

A B C D

G ND 1

C 4
0.1U

R 4
22K

T CA785

C 2
150pF

C 3
47pF

R V2
0 %

D 4
1N4148 100k

D 2
1N4148

R 6
10k

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

32

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

2.Khi mch khuych i cng sut kt hp Tranzitor v Mosfet

1 C 1 4 7 u F R 2 1 3 k

R 5 2 . 7

k C 3

C 5 2 2 0

0
D 1

4 7 R 6 2 . 7 k R R Q 8 1 6 Q 2 2 N 3 9 0 4 R 8 1 N 3 9 R 0 7 6

Q 0 . O m

5 J 1 2 1

1 0

Q 3 2 N

3 9

0 4 R 1 4 1 0 . O C 0 2 2 0 0 C u 6 F 7 . 6 8 u

C R 1 5 8 . O m m

Q . O m

R R 3 4 7

4 k

2 Q 4 2 N 3 9

1 0

0 4

R 5 1 m

1 k

R 1 1 5 1 0 . O

C 4 1 0 0

K H O I

M A C H

K H U Y E C H

D A I

C O N G

S U A T

3 0 W

D U N G

M O S F E D

V A

S nguyn l khi mch khuych i cng sut s dng Mosfet v Tranzitor cng sut

Gii thiu s .
S mch gm: - 15 in tr : R1,R2,R12(51k); R3(13k); R4,R5(47k); R6(1k); R7(2,7k); R8,R9; R11(510); R13(100); R14(10); R15(8). - Bin tr R10,R16. - 8 T in : C1(220uF); C2(47uF); C3; C4(100uF); C5(47uF); C6,C7(2200uF); C8(0.68 uF). - 4 Tranzitor : 2 phn cc thun(2N3904), 2 phn cc ngc(2N3906). - 1 Diode D1. - 2Mosfet Q5,Q6 Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5 GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

33

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

S mch in khi mch khuych i cng sut dng Mosfet v Tranzitor cng sut

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

34

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Mch m phng khi khuych i cng sut dng MOFED v TRAZITOR

R4
470R

C2
47uF

R3
13R

R5
470R

C3 R6 RV1
1k 220p

C6
220p

Q2

470R

D1
1N 4001

Q1
2 N 2905 U1 2N 2905

R 13 R7
470R 470R

Q5
2 S K 413

RV2 Q3
2N 3417 + 2 1 .5

R8
470R U1

1k

C4

R 11
470R

Q6
2 S K 413

R 14 R 15
470R 470R

R10
470R

2 2 0p

Q4
2N 3417

C8
2 2 0p

R9
470R

C7
220p

R 12
470R

R16
470R

C5
220p

3.Khi mch Dalington

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5 GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

35

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

R 2 1 M 2 N 1 0 7 0 J 1 2 N 1 0 7 0 1 2 T A 2 4 V R 3 2 . 2 M R 4 1 K R 5 1 K I

S nguyn l khi mch Dalington

Mch nguyn l tng khuych i Dalington mc Colector chung ghp mt cp Tranzitor T1 v T2 lin tip. u im c bn ca mch l c tr khng vo rt ln, tr khng ra nh v h s khuych i rt ln . tng = 1 x 2 = 200 x 200 = 40000 S c mt ca t in C1 (gi l t ghp mch vo) nhm chng s nh hng ca ni tr. S c mt ca C2 nhm ni ngn mch in tr R4 m bo tr khng cc E ca Tr2 l thp nht . p dng cc kt qu c v phn cc mt chiu ta nhn dc: UB1 =
R2 .Ucc R1 + R 2

2,2 M 1M+2,2 M =

13,75 V

UB2 = UB1 2UBE = 13,75V 1,4 V = 12,35 V Dng Emitor ca T2: IE2 =
U 2 E R5

12 ,3 V 5 1K

= 12,35 mA

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht IE1 = 2 =

IE 2

36 = 61,75 A

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

12 ,35 m A 200

S mch gm: 5 in tr : R1(1k); R2(1M); R3(2,2M); R4,R5(1k). T C1. 2 Tranzitor 2N1069, 2N1070. -

S mch in khi mch Dalington

M phng khi mch DALINHTON

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

37

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

R2
1k

Q1
2N 2222

U1

Q2
2N 2222

R 3 (2 )

R3
2 .2 M

R4
1k

R5
1k

4.Khi mch pht xung PWM s dng IGBT

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

R T 1 D 3 2 4 + 1 R C 1 1

38

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Q 1

Q 1

3 Q

5D

V 3 2 1 T A

Q 1

4D

3 Q

6D

K H O I

M A C H

P H A T

X U N G

P W M

0 D

2 D

2 1 3

U r 1 S O N G D I E U

1 I C K H I E N 1 3 2 2

U r 2

1 2

1 2

I C 3

S O N G

M A N G U p

U r 3 U p

1 2

1 2

I C 3

S nguyn l khi mch pht xung PWM s dng IGBT

S mch gm: Mt MBA 220/24VAC. Chnh lu cu Diode. in tr R1. T C1. 3 IC. 6 IGBT Q1-Q6. 12 Diode D2-D13.

Nguyn l hot ng
Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5 GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

39

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Phng php thc hin da vo k thut analog.gin kch ng cng tc b nghch lu trn c s so snh hai tn hiu c bn: sng mang Up tn s cao - sng iu khin Ur dng sin.v d: cng tc l c kch ng khi sng iu khin ln hn sng mang(Ur>Up).trong trng hp ngc li cng tc ng chn c kch ng. Sng mang Up c th dng tam gic. tn s sng mang cng cao,lng sng hi bc cao b kh cng nhiu.tuy nhin , tn s ng ct cao lm cho tn hao pht sinh do qu trnh ng ngt cc cng tc tng theo .ngoi ra, cc linh kin i hi c thi gian ng Ton v ngt Toff nht nh.cc yu t ny lm hn ch vic chn tn s sng mang. Sng iu khin Ur mang thng tin v ln tr hiu dng v tn s sng hi c bn ca in p ng ra. Trong trng hp b nghch lu p 3 pha, 3 sng iu khin ca 3 pha phi c to lch nhau v pha 1/3 chu k ca n. Trong trng hp b nghch lu p 1 pha, tng ng vi 2 pha ti c in tr v in cm ta cn to 2 sng iu khin lch pha nhau 1/2chu k(tc chng ngc pha nhau). n gin mch kch hn ta co th s dng 1 sng iu khin duy nht kch ng v d: cp cng tc(S1 S4) c kch ng theo quan h gia sng iu khin v sng mang, cn cp (S3 S2) c kch ng ngc li vi chng.Lc ,hnh thnh trng thi kch ng (S1 S2) hoc (S3 S4).

S mch in khi mch pht xung PWM s dng IGBT

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

40

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Mch m phng khi pht xung PWM s dng IGBT

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

41

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

5.Khi mch Diode cng sut

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

42

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

D D

1 I O D E

D D

3 I O D E

J U = 2 4 V 1 2

T A D D 2 I O D E D D 4 I O D E

S nguyn l khi mch Diode cng sut

y l mch chnh lu cu 1 pha ton sng. Trong khong 0< t< in p ngun U>0, D1 v D2 cng dn,cn D3 v D4 b kho. Na chu k sau < t<2 , in p ngun phn cc ngc li nn D3 v D4 dn cn D1 v D2 b kho. Dng sng in p v dng in chnh lu qua ti hon ton ging sng dng in v in p trong s chnh lu 1 pha my bin p th cp im gia. im khc bit cn lu trong s l v c 2 Diode cng b kho nn in p ngc cc i t trn mi diode gim mt na.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

43

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

S mch in khi mch Diode cng sut

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

44

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

M phng khi mch Diode cng sut

U 1

BR1

U 1

2W 005G

C1
220p

R1
100R

+432

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

45

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

6.Khi pht xung UJT kt hp s dng Thyristor

R 1 0 1 K

R 5 0

6 0 k

R 1

2 0 0 . O m

U =

2 4 v D 1 1 5 V

6 Q S 1 C R 1 2 J 1

C 0

1 . 1 u F

R 5

3 6 . O m

C 2 2 u F T a i

S nguyn l khi mch pht xung UJT kt hp Thyristor

Mch in l s kt hp s dng UJT to xung nhn u khi ng cho SCR, xung iu khin nhn c trn in tr R=56 m c gc pha u thay i c nh in tr bin i Rt. Mch hot ng nh sau: - in p chnh lu c dng sng na hnh sin c cp cho mch, 1 phn t ti tI lc SCR dn in, 1 phn qua mch n nh Rs D5 to in p mt chiu cung cp cho mch t dao ng dng UJT. Tn s dao ng sut hin trn Emit ca UJT v trn baz 1 dng xung nhn u c th thay i nh ink tr Rt (c gi tr cc i l 500k.m) v nh thay i cgcs dn in ca SCR bng cch chn thi im xut hin cc xung nhn iu khin SCR. Kt qu l khi tng gi tr Rt, SCR c khi ng m sm hn v dng in qua tI tng ln. ch UJT c cung cp sng 1 chiu ly trn D5 c dng bng u v tn s ng b vi sng ra ca khi mch pht xung iu khin( chu k l 8,33ms v ti lc

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

46

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

ny sng ra chnh lu bng 0, chu k dao ng li c khi ng bng vic np cho t C1). Ti c th s dng y l cc phn t cng sut c dng ti iu tit c theo gc m dn in ca SCR, y l dng mt chiu p mnh hng t trn xung di theo mch do tnh cht dn in ca SCR.

S mch in khi mch pht xung UJT m Thyristor

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

47

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Mch m phng khi pht xung UJT kt hp dng thyristor

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

48

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

7.Khi mch Triac

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

49

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip
Q 1 D 4 2 4 T 2 3 D 5 M 4 R A C 1

R R U R 1 D 1

9 1

3 Q 3 C 1 R 5 1 - I C 1 3 3 2 +2 R 4

2 1 + I C 1 3 3 2 -2

1 - I C 1 3 3 2 +2

Q U d k

U d f 1

U v 2

4 U d f 21

Nguyn l khi mch Triac

in p chnh lu Ua c so snh vi in p U1 ly trn bin tr VR1.ti thi im Ua=U1 th i du in p ra ca khuych i thut ton A1 kt qu l ta c chui xung ch nht khng i xng Ub. y c rng xung m ca Ub,phn dng Ub tch phn qua A2 thnh in p ta. Kt qu tip theo ta c chui xung Uc. Xung iu khin c a vo kt hp phn dng Uc c tch phn qua A3 to in p ta in p ny c khuych i qua tng khuych i Dalington. Xung a ra c a n my bin p xung diu khin Triac. Trong vng lm mt xung iu khin,do khng c in p ta.theo nguyn tc ny cng gim nh gc cng tt, m gc do U1 quyt nh.V vy c th gim U1 c gc mt vi , sai s mt vi l hon ton cho php. Mch iu khin l b iu p xoay chiu mt pha vi mch iu khin l Triac iu khin si t.

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

50

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

S mch in khi mch Triac

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

51

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Phn 4:

TNG KT LINH KIN HON THNH MODUL THC HNH

1.Khi mch pht xung s dng TCA 785:

o o o o o o o o o o o BA xung 1 Chnh lu cu 1 1 MBA 220v ( 110v)/ 24Vac 1 M IC TCA 785 in tr: R= 4.7 k( 2 con) R= 220k ( 2 con) R= 10k ( 1 con) R= 2.2k ( 2 con) R= 22k (1 con) Bin tr R= 100k ( 1 con) R= 10k ( 1 con) T in: C= 1000F ( 1 con) C= 0.47F ( 1 con) C= 2.2F ( 1 con) C= 0.1F ( 1con) C= 47F ( 1 con) C= 150pF( 1 con) Diode : 1N4005 ( 6 con) Zennor 15v ( 1 con) BBAY 61 ( 3 con)

2. khi mch khuych i cng sut dng MOFED:

Tranzitor: 2N2905 ( 2 con); 2N3417 (2 con)

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht - in tr: Bin tr: 2 con Mosfed : 2SK413 (2 con) ng c Dc 12v ( 1 chic) T in: C= 47F ( 1 con)

52

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

C= 220pF ( 6 con) R= 13 ( 1 con) R= 470 (13 con)

3. Khi mch khuych i Dalinhton

- in tr: R= 1M ( 1 con) R= 2.2M ( 1 con) R=1k ( 2 con) - Tranzitor: 2N1070 ( 2 con)

4. Khi mch pht xung PWM

T in: C= 220F ( 1con) C= 1.5 F ( 3 con) Diot: 2N5400 (6 con) IGBT: STGT40NC60DC (6 con) IC: 4227G ( 3 con) ng c: 12v 3 pha ( 1 chic)

5. Khi mch pht xung UJT

- in tr: R= 10k ( 1 con) R= 100 ( 1 con) R= 56 ( 1 con) Bin tr: R= 500k ( 1 con) Diot zenner: 1N4744A ( 1 con) UJT: 2N6027 ( 1con) Thyristor: EC 113M3 ( 1con) ; ng c 1 chiu 12v ( 1 chic)

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

53

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Li Kt
Trong thi gian va qua vi s gip tn tnh ca thy gio Nguyn nh Dng em c gng hon thnh ti mn hc in t cng sut vi ti thit k module thc hnh linh kin in t cng sut .Mc d lc u cn b ng ,nhng c s ch bo tn tnh ca thy gio Nguyn nh Dng, em hon thnh ti,c thm c nhiu kinh nghim qu bu trong thc t , kin thc v in t cng sut v cc mn hc khc sau ny c t tin lm cc ti khc ,gip em: -Hiu c cu to , nguyn l hot ng ca cc linh kin in t cng sut. -Bit cch thit k v tnh ton mch. -Bit cch thit k v chy mch in. -Bit s dng phn mm thit k mch in t OrCad Kt qu m phng cho thy mch hot ng tt p ng c nhng yu cu t ra. iu chng t tnh ng n ca mch thit k. Kt qu ny c th l c s cho vic ng dng thit k mch trong thc t. Tuy nhin, do thi gian c hn v kin thc ca em cn hn ch nn ti ny khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Em xin chn thnh cm n thy gio Nguyn nh Dng tn tnh hng dn , gip em trong sut thi gian lm ti em hon thnh ti ny. Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5 GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng

Trng Cao ng Ho Cht

54

Ti Thc Tp Tt Nghip Ph Th Ngy 25 thng 04

nm 2009 Sinh vin thc hin Nhm 5

Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 5

GVHD : Nguyn nh Dng