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Phuong truyn song

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CHUONG II: SNG CO

A. L THUYET CAN NH:
I.SNG CO V SJ TRUYEN SNG CO :
1.Sng co- Dnh ngha- phn loi
+ Sng co la nhung dao dng lan truyn trong mi truong .
Khi song co truyn di chi co pha dao dng cua cac phn tu vt cht lan truyn con cac phn tu vt cht thi dao dng
xung quanh vi tri cn bng c dinh.
Sng ngang la song trong do cac phn tu cua mi truong dao dng theo phuong vung goc voi phuong truyn
song. Vi du: song trn mt nuoc, song trn soi dy cao su.
+ Sng dc la song trong do cac phn tu cua mi truong dao dng theo phuong trung voi phuong truyn song.
Vi du: song m, song trn mt lo xo.
.Cc dc trung cua mt sng hnh sin
+ Bin d cua sng A: la bin d dao dng cua mt phn tu cua mi truong co song truyn qua.
Chu ky sng T: la chu ky dao dng cua mt phn tu cua mi truong song truyn qua.
+ Tn s f: la dai luong nghich dao cua chu ky song : I
T
1

Tc d truyn song v : la tc d lan truyn dao dng trong mi truong .
Buc sng : la quang duong ma song truyn duoc trong mt chu ky. vT
f
v
.
Buoc song cng la khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht trn phuong truyn song dao dng cung pha.
Khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht trn phuong truyn song ma dao dng nguoc pha la

2
.
Khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht trn phuong
truyn song ma dao dng vung pha la

4
.
Khoang cach giua hai dim bt ky trn phuong
truyn song ma dao dng cung pha la: k.
Khoang cach giua hai dim bt ky trn phuong
truyn song ma dao dng nguoc pha la: (2k1)

2
.
Luu y: Giua n dinh (ngon) song co (n - 1) buoc song.

3. Phuong trnh sng:
a.1i ngun O: u
O
A
o
cos(t)
-.1i M trn phuong truyn sng: u
M
A
M
cos(t-At)
u bo qua mt mat nng luong trong qua trinh truyn song
thi bin d song tai O va tai M bng nhau: A
o
A
M
A.
Th : u
M
Acos(t -
v
x
) Acos 26(

x
T
t
)
c.1ng qut:1i dim O: u
O
Acos(t + ).
/.1i dim M cch O mt don x trn phuong truyn sng.
* Song truyn theo chiu duong cua truc Ox thi:u
M
A
M
cos(t -
x
v
) A
M
cos(t - 2
x
6

)
* Song truyn theo chiu m cua truc Ox thi: u
M
A
M
cos(t
x
v
) A
M
cos(t 2
x
6

)
e. D lch pha gia hai dim cch ngun mt khoang x
1
, x
:

1 2 1 2
2
x x x x
v
6


A = =
-u 2 dim do nm trn mt phuong truyn song va cach nhau mt khoang x thi:
2
x x
v
6

A = =

(u 2 dim M va trn phuong truyn song va cach nhau mt khoang d thi : A
26d

)
O
x
M
x

x
v
6
song
u

Trang 2
d
1
0
d
d
2
M
- Vy 2 dim M va trn phuong truyn song s:
dao dng cng pha khi: d k
dao dng nguc pha khi: d (2k + 1)

2

dao dng ;ung pha khi: d (2k + 1)


voi k 0, 1, 2 ...
Luu : on v cua x, x
1
, x
2
,d, va v phai tuong ng vi nhau.
f. 1rong hin tung truyn sng trn si /y, dy duoc kich thich dao dng boi nam chm din voi tn s
dong din la I thi tn s dao dng cua dy la 2I.

II. GIAO THOA SNG
1. Diu kin d c giao thoa ai song la hai song kt hop tuc la hai song cung tn s va co d lch pha
khng di theo thoi gian (hoc hai song cung pha).
.L thuyt giao thoa:
Giao thoa cua hai song phat ra tu hai ngun song kt hop S
1
, S
2
cach nhau mt khoang :
Phuong trinh song tai 2 ngun :(Dim M cach hai ngun ln luot d
1
, d
2
)

1 1
Acos(2 ) u ft 6 = + va
2 2
Acos(2 ) u ft 6 = +
Phuong trinh song tai M do hai song tu hai ngun truyn toi:

1
1 1
Acos(2 2 )

d
u ft 6 6

= + va
2
2 2
Acos(2 2 )

d
u ft 6 6

= +
Phuong trinh giao thoa song tai M: u

u
1
u
2


1 2 1 2 1 2
2 os os 2
2 2

d d d d
u Ac c ft

6 6 6

+ + A
= + +

| |

Bin d dao dng tai M:
1 2
2 os
2

d d
A A c

6

A +
= +

' '
voi
1 2
A =
Chu yTim s dim dao dng cc di, s dim dao dng cc tiu
Cch 1 * S cuc dai: (k Z)
2 2


6 6
A A
+ + +
* S cuc tiu:
1 1
(k Z)
2 2 2 2


6 6
A A
+ + +
Cch :
Ta ly: S
1
S
2
/ m,p (m nguyn duong, p phn phn sau du phay)
S cuc dai lun la: 2m +1( chi di voi hai ngun cung pha)
S cuc tiu la:Truong hop 1: u p5 thi s cuc tiu la 2m.
Truong hop 2: u p K 5 thi s cuc tiu la 2m+2.
u hai ngun dao dng nguoc pha thi lam nguoc lai.

a. Hai ngun /ao dng cng pha (
1 2
0 A = = hoc k6)
"ch pha cua hai song thanh phan ti
1 2
2
d d = A

6

Bin d song tong hop A
M
2.A.
1 2
cos d d c

6

A
max
2.A khi: ai song thanh phn tai M cung pha A2.k.6 (kZ)
iu duong di d d
2
d
1
k.
A
min
0 khi: ai song thanh phn tai M nguoc pha nhau A(2.k1)6 (kZ)
iu duong di dd
2
d
1
(k
2
1
).
xac dnh dim dao dng vi A
max
hay A
min
ta xet t s

1 2
d d

M
S
1
S
2

d
1 d
2
M

d
1 d
2 S
1
S
2

1
2
1
inh anh giao thoa song
2
Trang 3
-Nu =

1 2
d d
s nguyn thi dao dng vi A
max
va nm trn cc di giao thoa th
- Nu =

1 2
d d

2
1
thi ti a cc tiu giao thoa th (1)
Khoang cach gia hai dnh in tip cua hai hypecbo cung oi (giua hai cuc dai (hai cuc tiu) giao thoa): 2.
S dung dao dng vi A
max
va A
min

S duong dao dng voi A
max
(lun la s le) la s gia tri cua k thoa mn diu kin
(hong tinh hai nguon):

AB

AB
va kZ.
Vi tri cua cac dim cuc dai giao thoa xac dinh boi:
2 2
.
1
AB
d + =


(thay cac gia tri tim duoc cua k vao)

S duong dao dng voi A
min
(lun la s chn) la s gia tri cua k thoa mn diu kin
(hong tinh hai nguon):
2
1
2
1


AB

AB
va kZ.
Vi tri cua cac dim cuc tiu giao thoa xac dinh boi:
4 2 2
.
1

+ + =
AB
d (thay cac gia tri cua k vao).
F S cc di giao thoa bng s cc tiu giao thoa 1.

-. Hai ngun /ao dng nguc pha:(
1 2
6 A = = )
* Dim dao dng cuc dai: d
1
d
2
(2k1)
2

(kZ)
S duong hoc s dim dao dng cuc dai (hong tinh hai nguon):

1 1
2 2



* Dim dao dng cuc tiu (khng dao dng):d
1
d
2
k (kZ)
S duong hoc s dim dao dng cuc tiu (hong tinh hai nguon):



c. 1rung hp hai ngun /ao dng vung pha nhau:(
1 2
2
6
A = = )
Phuong trinh hai ngun kt hop: t A u
A
. cos . =
6
= + .cos( . )
2

: 9 .
Phuong trinh song tng hop tai M:
2 1 1 2
2. .cos cos .
4 4
: / / 9 / /
6 6 6 6



= + +

| |

"ch pha cua hai song thanh phan ti
2 1
2
2
/ /
6 6

A =
Bin d song tong hop A
M


6 6


=

|
2 1
2. . cos
4
: / /
Tim s dim dao dng cc di, s dim dao dng cc tiu
* S cuc dai: (k Z)
2 2


6 6
A A
+ + +
* S cuc tiu:
1 1
(k Z)
2 2 2 2


6 6
A A
+ + +
3.Ch : Voi bai toan tim s duong dao dng cuc dai va khng dao dng giua hai dim M, cach hai
ngun ln luot la d
1M
, d
2M
, d
1
, d
2
. Dt Ad
M
d
1M
- d
2M
; Ad

d
1
- d
2
va gia su Ad
M
Ad

.
ai ngun dao dng cung pha:
* Cuc dai: Ad
M
k Ad


* Cuc tiu: Ad
M
(k0,5) Ad


A B
k1
k2
k -1
k - 2
k0
k0
k1
k -1
k - 2
Trang 4
ai ngun dao dng nguoc pha:
* Cuc dai:Ad
M
(k0,5) Ad


* Cuc tiu: Ad
M
k Ad


S gia tri nguyn cua k thoa mn cac biu thuc trn la s duong cn tim.

III. SNG DNG
- Dinh ghia: Song dung la song co cac nut(dim lun dung yn) va cac bung (bin d dao dng cuc
dai) c dinh trong khng gian
- guyn nhn: Song dung la kt qua cua su giao thoa giua song toi va song phan xa, khi song toi va
song phan xa truyn theo cung mt phuong.
1. Mt s ch
* Du c dinh hoc du dao dng nho la nut song. Du tu do la bung song
* ai dim di xung voi nhau qua nut song lun dao dng nguoc pha.
* ai dim di xung voi nhau qua bung song lun dao dng cung pha.
* Cac dim trn dy du dao dng voi bin d khng di nng luong khng truyn di
* B rng 1 bung la 4A, A la bin d song toi hoc song phan xa.
* Khoang thoi gian giua hai ln soi dy cng ngang (cac phn tu di qua VTCB) la nua chu ky.
. Diu kin d c sng /ng trn si /y /i l:
* ai du la nut song:
*
( )
2
N

=

S bung song s bo song k ; S nut song k 1
Mt du la nut song con mt du la bung song:

(2 1) ( )
4
N

= +

S bo (bung) song nguyn k; S bung song s nut song k 1
3 Dc dim cua sng /ng:
-Khoang cach giua 2 nut hoc 2 bung lin k la
2

.
-Khoang cach giua nut va bung lin k la
4

.
-Khoang cach giua hai nut (bung, mui) song bt ky la : k.
2

.
-Tc d truyn song: v I
T

.
. Phuong trnh sng /ng trn si /y (vi dau P c dnh hoc dao dng nh a nut song)
Du Q c d|nh (nt sng):
Phuong trinh song toi va song phan xa tai Q: os2
B
u Ac ft 6 = va ' os2 os(2 )
B
u Ac ft Ac ft 6 6 6 = =
Phuong trinh song toi va song phan xa tai M cach Q mt khoang d la:
os(2 2 )

d
u Ac ft 6 6

= + va ' os(2 2 )

d
u Ac ft 6 6 6

=
Phuong trinh song dung tai M: '

u u u = +
2 os(2 ) os(2 ) 2 sin(2 ) os(2 )
2 2 2

d d
u Ac c ft A c ft
6 6 6
6 6 6 6

= + = +
Bin d dao dng cua phn tu tai M: 2 os(2 ) 2 sin(2 )
2

d d
A A c A
6
6 6

= + =
Du Q t do (bng sng):
Phuong trinh song toi va song phan xa tai Q: ' os2
B B
u u Ac ft 6 = =
Phuong trinh song toi va song phan xa tai M cach Q mt khoang d la:
os(2 2 )

d
u Ac ft 6 6

= + va ' os(2 2 )

d
u Ac ft 6 6

=
Phuong trinh song dung tai M: '

u u u = + ; 2 os(2 ) os(2 )

d
u Ac c ft 6 6

=
2



k
2


"
P
4


k
2


Q P
Trang 5
Bin d dao dng cua phn tu tai M: 2 cos(2 )

d
A A 6

=
Luu : * Voi x la khoang cach tu M dn du nut song thi bin d: 2 sin(2 )

x
A A 6

=
* Voi x la khoang cach tu M dn du bung song thi bin d: 2 cos(2 )

x
A A 6

=

IV. SNG AM
1. Sng m:
Song m la nhung song co truyn trong mi truong khi, long, rn.Tn s cua song m la tn s m.
m nghe duc co tn s tu 16 dn 20000 va gy ra cam giac m trong tai con nguoi.
H m : hung song co hoc tn s nho hon 16 goi la song ha m, tai nguoi khng nghe duoc
siu m :hung song co hoc tn s lon hon 20000 goi la song siu m , tai nguoi khng nghe duoc.
. Cc dc tinh vt l cua m
a.1n s m: Tn s cua cua song m cng la tn s m .
-.+ Cung d m:
W P
I
tS S

Voi W (J), P (W) la nng luong, cng sut phat m cua ngun.S (m
2
) la din tich mt vung goc voi
phuong truyn m (vi song cau thi S a di"n tich mt cau S4aR
2
)
+ Mc cung d m:

0
I
L(B) lg
I
oc
0
I
L(dB) 10.lg
I
Voi I
0
10
-12
Wm
2
goi la cuong d m chun o I 1000
Don vi cua muc cuong d m la Ben (B), thuong dung dxiben (dB): 1B 10dB.
c.m co -an v ho m : Song m do mt nhac cu phat ra la tng hop cua nhiu song m phat ra cung mt
luc. Cac song nay co tn s la I, 2I, 3I, ..m co tn s I la hoa m co ban, cac m co tn s 2I, 3I, . la cac
hoa m thu 2, thu 3, .. Tp hop cac hoa m tao thanh ph cua nhac m noi trn
-D th /ao dng m : cua cung mt nhac m do cac nhac cu khac nhau phat ra thi hoan toan khac nhau.
3. Cc ngun m thung gp:
Dy dn: Tn s do dan phat ra (hai du dy c dinh hai du la nut song)
( k *)
2
v
f

= . Ung voi k 1 m phat ra m co ban co tn s


1
2
v
f

=
k 2,3,4. co cac hoa m bc 2 (tn s 2I
1
), bc 3 (tn s 3I
1
).
ng so: Tn s do ng sao phat ra (mt du bit kin (nut song), mt du d ho (bung song)
( mt du la nut song, mt du la bung song)
(2 1) ( k )
4
v
f

= + . Ung voi k 0 m phat ra m co ban co tn s


1
4
v
f

=
k 1,2,3. co cac hoa m bc 3 (tn s 3I
1
), bc 5 (tn s 5I
1
).

guyn tc thnh cng : Dam m ; 1ich cc ; Kin tr !
Chuc cac em C SIN thanh cong trong hc tp'''
mai /oanvanluongyahoo.com ; luong/vymail.com; /oanvluonggmail.com
i"n Thoi 15718188 - 8838.








Trang 6

B.BI TAP VE SNG CO HC:
ng 1 : Xc dnh cc di lung dc trung:
1 -Kin thc cn nh :
-Chu ky (T), ;n tc (;), tn s (f), buc sng () lin h ;i nhau :

T
1
I = ;
I
v
vT = = ;
t
s
v
A
A
= voi As la qung duong song truyn trong thoi gian At.
Quan sat hinh anh song co n ngn song lin tip thi co n-1 buoc song. oc quan sat thy tu ngon song thu n dn
ngon song thu m (m ~ n) co chiu dai thi buoc song
n m
l

= ;
S ln nh ln trn mt nuoc la trong khoang thoi gian t giy thi
1
=
N
t
T
-D lch pha: D lch pha giua 2 dim nm trn phuong truyn song cach nhau khoang d la

d 2
= A
- u 2 dao dng cung pha thi 6 2 = A
- u 2 dao dng nguoc pha thi 6 ) 1 2 ( + = A
2 -Phuong php :
Ap dung cac cng thuc chua cac dai luong dc trung:
T
1
I = ;
I
v
vT = = ;

d 2
= A
a -V d :
Cu 1: Mt song co truyn trn mt soi dy dan hi rt dai. Phuong trinh song tai mt dim trn dy co
dang u 4cos(206t -
.x
3
6
)(mm). Voi x: do bng met, t: do bng giy. Tc d truyn song trn soi dy co
gia tri.
A. 60mms B. 60 cms C. 60 ms D. 30mms
Giai: Ta co
.x
3
6

2 .x 6

~ 6 m ~ v .I 60 ms (chu y: x do bng met) Dp n C


Cu : Mt song co truyn doc theo truc Ox co phuong trinh la 5cos(6 ) u t x 6 6 = (cm), voi t do bng s, x
do bng m. Tc d truyn song nay la
A. 3 ms. B. 60 ms. C. 6 ms. D. 30 ms.
Giai : Phuong trinh co dang )
2
cos( x t a u

6
= .Suy ra: ) ( 3
2
6
) ( 6 f s rad = = =
6
6
6 ;
2
x
6

6x ~ m 2
2
= = 6

6
v f . 2.3 6(ms) Dp n C
Cu 3: Mt nguoi ngi o bo bin trng thy co 10 ngon song qua mt trong 36 giy, khoang cach giua hai
ngon song la 10m.. Tinh tn s song bin.va vn tc truyn song bin.
A. 0,25; 2,5ms B. 4; 25ms C. 25; 2,5ms D. 4; 25cms
Giai: Xet tai mt dim co 10 ngon song truyn qua ung voi 9 chu ki.
T
36
9
4s. Xac dinh tn s dao dng.
1 1
0, 25
4
f
T
= = =
Xac dinh vn tc truyn song:
10
=vT v= 2,5 m/ s
T 4

= = Dp n A
Cu : Tai mt dim trn mt cht long co mt ngun dao dng voi tn s 120, tao ra song n dinh trn
mt cht long. Xet 5 gon li lin tip trn mt phuong truyn song, o v mt phia so voi ngun, gon thu nht
cach gon thu nm 0,5m. Tc d truyn song la
A. 30 ms B. 15 ms C. 12 ms D. 25 ms
Giai : 4 0,5 m 0,125m v 15 ms Dp n B.
Cu 5 Tai dim O trn mt nuoc yn tinh, co mt ngun song dao dng diu hoa theo phuong thng dung
voi tn s I 2. Tu O co nhung gon song tron lan rng ra xung quanh. Khoang cach giua 2 gon song lin
tip la 20cm. Vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc la :
Trang 7
A.160(cms) B.20(cms) C.40(cms) D.80(cms)
Giai:.khoang cach giua hai gon song : 20 = cm v s cm f 40 . = Dp n C.

b -Vn dng :
Cu : Mt song truyn trn soi dy dan hi rt dai voi tn s 500, nguoi ta thy khoang cach giua hai
dim gn nhau nht dao dng cung pha la 80cm. Tc d truyn song trn dy la
A. v 400cms. B. v 16ms. C. v 6,25ms. D. v 400ms
Cu 7. Mt nguoi quan sat mt chic phao trn mt bin thy no nh ln cao 10 ln trong 18 s, khoang cach
giua hai ngon song k nhau la 2 m. Tc d truyn song trn mt bin la :
A. 2 ms. B. 1 ms. C. 4 ms. D. 4.5 ms.
Cu 8. Mt song lan truyn voi vn tc 200ms co buoc song 4m. Tn s va chu ki cua song la
A.I 50 ;T 0,02s. B.I 0,05 ;T 200s. C.I 800 ;T 1,25s.D.I 5;T 0,2s.
Cu : Mt song truyn theo truc Ox voi phuong trinh u acos(46t 0,026x) (u va x tinh bng cm, t tinh
bng giy). Tc d truyn cua song nay la :
A. 100 cms. B. 150 cms. C. 200 cms. D. 50 cms.
Cu 10: Du A cua mt soi dy dan hi dai nm ngang dao dng theo phuong trinh )
6
4 cos( 5
6
6 + = t u
A
(cm).
Bit vn tc song trn dy la 1,2ms. Buoc song trn dy bng:
A. 0,6m B.1,2m C. 2,4m D. 4,8m
Cu 11: Mt song truyn theo truc Ox duoc m ta bi phuong trinh u 8 cos ) 4 5 , 0 ( 2 t x 6 6 6 (cm) trong
do x tinh bng met, t tinh bng giy. Vn tc truyn song la :
A. 0,5 ms B. 4 ms C. 8 ms D. 0,4ms
Cu 1: Phuong trinh dao dng tai dim O co dang 5 os 200
o
u c t 6 = (mm). Chu ky dao dng tai dim O
la:
A. 100 (s) B. 1006 (s) C. 0,01(s) D. 6 01 , 0 (s)
Cu 13. Song co truyn trong mt mi truong doc theo truc Ox voi phuong trinh

= : cos 20t 4x cm (x
tinh bng met, t tinh bng giy). Vn tc truyn song nay trong mi truong trn bng :
A. 50 cms. B. 4 ms. C. 40 cms. . 5 ms.
Cu 1: Cho mt song ngang co phuong trinh song la u 8cos 2 ( )
0,1 50
t x
6 mm, trong do x tinh bng cm, t
tinh bng giy. Buoc song la
A. 0,1m = B. 50cm = C. 8mm = D. 1m =
Cu 15: Mt song co hoc lan truyn trong mi truong vt cht tai mt dim cach ngun x(m) co phuong
trinh song: cm x t u )
4
2 cos( 4
6
6 = . Vn tc truyn song trong mi truong do co gia tri:
A. 8ms B. 4ms C. 16ms D. 2ms
Cu 16: ai ngun phat song A, B trn mt cht long dao dng theo phuong vung goc voi b mt cht
long cung tn s 50 va cung pha ban du , coi bin d song khng di. Trn doan thng AB thy hai dim
cach nhau 9cm dao dng voi bin d cuc dai . Bit vn tc trn mt cht long co gia tri trong khoang 1,5ms
v 2,25ms. Vn tc truyn song trn mt cht long do la
A. 1,8ms B. 1,75ms C. 2ms D. 2,2ms
Cu 17: Trn mt mt cht long, tai O co mt ngun song co dao dng co tn s f 30 = . Vn tc truyn
song la mt gia tri nao do trong khoang
s
m
v
s
m
9 , 2 6 , 1 . Bit tai dim M cach O mt khoang 10cm song
tai do lun dao dng nguoc pha voi dao dng tai O. Gia tri cua vn tc do la:
A. 2ms B. 3ms C.2,4ms D.1,6ms
guyn tc thnh cng : Dam m ; 1ich cc ; Kin tr !
Chuc cac em C SIN thanh cong trong hc tp'''
mai /oanvanluongyahoo.com ; luong/vymail.com; /oanvluonggmail.com
i"n Thoi 15718188 - 8838.
Trang 8

ng :Jit phuong trnh sng:
1 -Kin thc cn nh :
+Tng qut: u phuong trinh song tai ngun O la ) cos(
0
+ = t A u thi
Phuong trinh song tai M la
2
cos( )

x
u A t
6

= +
.
Du () nu song truyn tu O toi M, du () nu song truyn nguoc lai tu M toi O.
+Luu : on v cua , x, x
1
, x
2
, va v phai tuong ng vi nhau.
2 -V d :
Cu 1: Mt soi dy dan hi nm ngang co dim du O dao dng theo phuong dung voi bin d A5cm,
T0,5s. Vn tc truyn song la 40cms. Vit phuong trinh song tai M cach O d50 cm.
A. 5cos(4 5 )( )

u t cm 6 6 = B 5cos(4 2, 5 )( )

u t cm 6 6 =
C. 5cos(4 )( )

u t cm 6 6 = D 5cos(4 25 )( )

u t cm 6 6 =
Giai: Phuong trinh dao dng cua ngun: cos( )( )
o
u A t cm =
Voi :

, 5cm
2 2
4 r,// s
T 0,5
=
6 6
= = = 6
5cos(4 )( )
o
u t cm 6 = .Phuong trinh dao dng tai M:
2
cos( )

d
u A t
6

=
Trong do: vT 40.0,5 20 cm = = = ;d 50cm . 5cos(4 5 )( )

u t cm 6 6 = . Chn A.
Cu 2: Mt song co hoc truyn theo phuong Ox voi bin d coi nhu khng di. Tai O, dao dng co dang u
acoset (cm). Tai thoi dim M cach xa tm dao dng O la
1
3
buoc song o thoi dim bng 0,5 chu ki thi ly
d song co gia tri la 5 cm. Phuong trinh dao dng o M thoa mn h thuc nao sau dy:
A.
2
cos( )
3

u a t cm

= B. cos( )
3

u a t cm
6
=
C.
2
cos( )
3

u a t cm
6
= D. cos( )
3

u a t cm
6
= Chn C
Giai Cu 2: Song truyn tu O dn M mt mt thoi gian la :t
d
v

3v


Phuong trinh dao dng o M co dang:
1.
cos ( )
.3

u a t
v

= .Voi v T .Suy ra :
Ta co:
2 2
.
v
T
T
6 6


= = Vy
2 .
cos( )
.3

u a t
6

= ay :
2
cos( )
3

u a t cm
6
=

3-Vn dng :
Cu 3. Song truyn tai mt cht long voi buoc song 0,8cm. Phuong trinh dao dng tai O co dang u
0

5cos t (mm). Phuong trinh dao dng tai dim M cach O mt doan 5,4cm theo huong truyn song la
A. u
M
5cos( t 62) (mm) B. u
M
5cos( t13,56) (mm)
C. u
M
5cos( t 13,56 ) (mm). D. u
M
5cos( t12,56) (mm)
Cu .(DH_2008) Mt song co lan truyn tron mt duong thng tu dim O dn dim M cach O mt doan
d. bin d a cua song khng di trong qua trinh song truyn. u phuong trinh dao dng cua phn tu vt
cht tai dim M co dang u
M
(t) acos26It thi phuong trinh dao dng cua phn tu vt cht tai O la:
A.
/
u (t) acos (ft ) 6

2
B.
/
u (t) acos (ft ) 6

= +

2
C.
/
u (t) acos (ft ) 6

D.
/
u (t) acos (ft ) 6

= +


Trang 9
Cu 5: Mt song co hoc lan truyn trn mt phuong truyn song voi vn tc 4ms. Phuong trinh song cua
mt dim 0 co dang : cm t u )
3
cos( 10
0
6
6 + = . Phuong trinh song tai M nm sau 0 va cach 0 mt khoang
80cm la:
A. cm t u

)
5
cos( 10
6
6 = B. cm t u

)
5
cos( 10
6
6 + =
C. cm t u

)
15
2
cos( 10
6
6 + = D. cm t u

)
15
8
cos( 10
6
6 =
Cu : Mt song co hoc lan truyn trn mt phuong truyn song voi vn tc 5ms. Phuong trinh song cua
mt dim O trn phuong truyn do la: 6cos(5 )
2

u t cm
6
6 = + . Phuong trinh song tai M nm truoc O va cach
O mt khoang 50cm la:
A. ) ( 5 cos 6 cm t u

6 = B. cm t u

)
2
5 cos( 6
6
6 + =
C. cm t u

)
2
5 cos( 6
6
6 = . 6cos(5 )

u t cm p p
Cu 7: gun phat song duoc biu din: u
o
3cos(206t) cm. Vn tc truyn song la 4ms. Phuong trinh dao
dng cua mt phn tu vt cht trong mi truong truyn song cach ngun 20cm la
A. u 3cos(206t -
2
6
) cm. B. u 3cos(206t
2
6
) cm.
C. u 3cos(206t - 6) cm. D. u 3cos(206t) cm.
Cu 8: Luc t 0 du O cua dy cao su cng thng nm ngang bt du dao dng di ln voi bin d 1,5cm,
chu ki T 2s. ai dim gn nhau nht trn dy dao dng cung pha cach nhau 6cm.Phuong trinh dao dng
tai M cach O 1,5 cm la:
A. 1, 5cos( )
4

u t cm
6
6 = + (t ~ 0,5s) B. 1, 5cos(2 )
2

u t cm
6
6 = (t ~ 0,5s)
C. 1, 5cos( )
2

u t cm
6
6 = (t ~ 0,5s) D. 1, 5cos( )

u t cm 6 6 = (t ~ 0,5s)
Cu : gun song o O dao dng voi tn s 10, dao dng truyn di voi vn tc 0,4ms theo phuong Oy;
trn phuong nay co hai dim P va Q voi PQ 15cm. Bin d song bng a 1cm va khng thay di khi lan
truyn . u tai thoi dim t nao do P co li d 1cm thi li d tai Q la
A. 1cm B. -1cm C. 0 D. 2cm
Giai Cu 9 Cch 1:
v 40
I 10
= = 4cm; luc t, u
P
1cm acoset coset 1
u
Q
acos(et -
2 d 6

) acos(et -
2 .15
4
6
) acos(et -7,5a) acos(et 8a -0,5a)
acos(et - 0,5a) asinet 0
Giai Cu 9 Cch 2:
PQ 15
3, 75
4
= =

hai dim P va Q vung pha


Ma tai P co d lch dat cuc dai thi tai Q co d lch bng 0 : u
Q
0 (inh v) Chn C
Cu 1: guoi ta gy mt dao dng o du O cua mt soi dy cao su cng thng theo phuong vung goc voi
phuong cua soi dy, bin d 2cm, chu ki 1,2s. Sau 3s dao dng truyn duoc 15m doc theo dy.u chon gc
thoi gian la luc O bt du dao dng theo chiu duong tu VTCB, phuong trinh song tai mt dim M cach O
mt khoang 2,5m la:
A.
5
2cos( )
3 6
t cm
6 6
(t ~ 0,5s). B.
5 5
2cos( )
3 6
t cm
6 6
(t ~ 0,5s).
C.
10 5
2cos( )
3 6
t cm
6 6
+ (t ~ 0,5s). .
5 4
2cos( )
3 3
t cm
6 6
(t ~ 0,5s).



P
1
Q
Trang 10
d
1
0
d
d
2
M

ng 3 : 1inh d lch pha gia hai dim nm trn cng mt phuong truyn sng
1 -Kin thc cn nh :
D lch pha giua hai dim cach ngun mt khoang x
1
, x

(

c khi ngui ta /ng /
1
,/

)

1 2 1 2
2
x x x x
v
6


A = =
u 2 dim do nm trn mt phuong truyn song va cach nhau mt khoang x thi: 2
x x
v
6

A = =
(u 2 dim M va trn phuong truyn song va cach nhau mt khoang d thi : A
26d

)
- Vy 2 dim M va trn phuong truyn song s:
dao dng cng pha khi: A k2a ~ d k
dao dng nguc pha khi:A a k2a ~ d (2k + 1)

2

dao dng ;ung pha khi:A (2k 1)
2
6
~d (2k + 1)


voi k 0, 1, 2 ...

2 -Phuong php :
-D lch pha giua hai dim cach ngun mt khoang x
1
, x
2
(

hay d
1
,d
2
)
1 2 1 2
2
x x x x
v
6


A = =
ay
2
x x
v
6

A = =
-Vn dung cac cng thuc:
2 d 6


- Luu : on v cua d, x, x
1
, x
2
, va v phai tuong ng vi nhau.

3 -V d:
Cu 1: Tai hai dim A va B trn mt nuoc co hai ngun kt hop cung dao dng voi phuong trinh
u acos100at . Tc d truyn song trn mt nuoc la 40 cms. Xet dim M trn mt nuoc co AM 9 cm va
BM 7 cm. ai dao dng tai M do hai song tu A va B truyn dn la hai dao dng :
A. cung pha. B. nguoc pha. C. lch pha 90. D. lch pha 120.
Giai Cu 1:Chn B. Ta co: I 50; vI 4050 0,8cm.
Xet: d
2
d
1
9-7(2
1
2
)0,8 cm 2,5:ai dao dng do hai song tu A va B truyn dn M nguoc pha.
-Vn dng:
Cu 2: Song co co tn s 80 lan truyn trong mt mi truong voi vn tc 4 ms. Dao dng cua cac phn
tu vt cht tai hai dim trn mt phuong truyn song cach ngun song nhung doan ln luot 31 cm va 33,5
cm, lch pha nhau goc :
A. 2a rad. B. .
2
6
C. a rad. D. .
3
6

Cu 3: Mt song co co chu ki 2 s truyn voi tc d 1 ms. Khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht trn
mt phuong truyn ma tai do cac phn tu mi truong dao dng nguoc pha nhau la :
A. 0,5 m. B. 1,0 m. C. 2,0 m. D. 2,5 m.
Cu : Mt song co tn s 500, co tc d lan truyn 350ms. ai dim gn nhau nht trn phuong truyn
song phai cach nhau gn nht mt khoang la bao nhiu d giua chung co d lch pha bng
3
6
rad ?
A. 0,117m. . 0,467m. C. 0,233m. D. 4,285m.
Cu 5:. Mt song co truyn trong mi truong voi tc d 120ms. O cung mt thoi dim, hai dim gn nhau
nht trn mt phuong truyn song dao dng nguoc pha cach nhau 1,2m. Tn s cua song la :
A. 220. B. 150. C. 100. . 50.
Cu 6: Mt song co co chu ki 2 s truyn voi tc d 1 ms. Khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht trn
mt phuong truyn ma tai do cac phn tu mi truong dao dng cung pha nhau la:
Trang 11
A. 0,5m. B. 1,0m. C. 2,0 m. D. 2,5 m.
Cu 7: Mt song co hoc co tn s dao dng la 500, lan truyn trong khng khi voivn tc la 300ms. ai
dim M, cach ngun ln luot la d
1
40cm va d
2
. Bit pha cua song tai M som pha hon tai la 3 6 rad.
Gia tri cua d
2
bng:
A. 40cm B. 50cm C. 60cm D. 70cm
Cu 8: Du A cua soi dy dan hi dai dao dng voi phuong trinh U U
o
cos 46t. Tinh chu ky song va d
lch pha giua hai dim trn dy cach nhau 1,5m bit vn tc truyn song v 12ms.
A.T 2s, A 62 ; . T 0.5s ,A 62 C. T 0.5s, A 66 ; D.T 2s, A 263
Cu 9: Xet song truyn theo mt soi dy cng thng dai. Phuong trinh dao dng tai ngun O co dang
0
acos t(cm) u 6 = . Vn tc truyn song 0,5ms. Goi M, la hai dim gn O nht ln luot dao dng cung pha
va nguoc pha voi O. Khoang cach tu O dn M, la :
A. 25cm va 12,5cm B. 100cm va 50cm C. 50cm va 100cm D. 50cm va 12,5cm
Cu 10: Mt dy dan hi rt dai co du A dao dng theo phuong vung goc voi soi dy. Tc d truyn song
trn dy la 4 (ms). Xet mt dim M trn dy va cach A mt doan 40 (cm), nguoi ta thy M lun lun dao
dng lch pha so voi A mt goc A (n 0,5)6 voi n la s nguyn. Tinh tn s. Bit tn s I co gia tri trong
khoang tu 8 dn 13 .
A. 8,5 B. 10 C. 12 D. 12,5
Cu 11: Mt ngun song O dao dng theo phuong trinh u 5cos4at(cm), dim M cach O mt khoang d
70cm. Bit vn tc truyn song la v 30cms. Giua O va M co bao nhiu dim dao dng cung pha voi
ngun?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 12. Du A cua mt dy dan hi nm ngang dao dng theo phuong thng dung voi chu ky bng 10 s.
Bit vn tc truyn song trn dy v 0,2 ms, khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht dao dng vung pha
la:
A. 1 m B. 1,5 m C. 2 m . 0,5 m
Cu 13 : Mi nhon S cham vao mt nuoc dao dng diu hoa voi tn s I 20, thy rng tai hai dim A,
B trn mt nuoc cung nm trn phuong truyn song cach nhau mt khoang d 10cm lun dao dng nguoc
pha. Tinh vn tc truyn song, bit vn tc do nm trong khoang tu 0,7ms dn 1ms .
A. 0,75ms B. 0,8ms C. 0,9ms D. 0,95ms
Cu 1: Du A cua mt dy dan hi nm ngang dao dng theo phuong thng dung voi chu ky bng10s.
Bit vn tc truyn song trn dy v 0,2 ms, khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht dao dng nguoc pha
la:
A. 1 m B. 1,5 m C. 2 m D. 0,5 m
Cu 15 : Xet song truyn theo mt soi dy cng thng dai. Phuong trinh dao dng tai ngun O co dang
t a u 6 4 cos = (cm). Vn tc truyn song 0,5 ms, Goi M, la hai dim gn O nht ln luot dao dng cung
pha va nguoc pha voi O. Khoang cach tu O dn M, la:
A. 25 cm va 12,5 cm B. 25 cm va 50 cm C. 50 cm va 75 cm D. 50 cm va 12,5 cm
Cu 16: Song n co tn s 450 lan truyn voi vn tc 360ms trong khng khi. Giua hai dim cach nhau
1m trn phuong truyn thi chung dao dng:
A. Cung pha. B. guoc pha. C. Vung pha. D. Lch pha
4
6
.
Cu 17: guoi ta dt chim trong nuoc mt ngun m co tn s 725 va vn tc truyn m trong nuoc la
1450ms. Khoang cach giua hai dim gn nhau nht trong nuoc va dao dng nguoc pha la:
A. 0,25m B. 1m C. 0,5m D. 1cm
Cu 18: Mt song co hoc co phuong trinh song: u Acos(5
6
t
6
6) (cm). Bit khoang cach gn nht
giua hai dim co d lch pha
6
4 di voi nhau la 1 m. Vn tc truyn song s la
A. 2,5 ms B. 5 ms C. 10 ms D. 20 ms
Cu 19: Mt song co hoc phat ra tu mt ngun O lan truyn trn mt nuoc voi vn tc v 2 ms. guoi ta
thy 2 dim M, gn nhau nht trn mt nuoc nm trn cung duong thng qua O va cach nhau 40 cm lun
dao dng nguoc pha nhau. Tn s song do la :
A.0,4 B.1,5 C.2 D.2,5
Trang 12

ng : Ciao thoa sng co:
1.i tp tm s dim /ao dng cc di v cc tiu:
D bi mu:Trong mt thi nghim v giao thoa song trn mt nuoc, hai ngun kt hop S
1
va S
2
cach nhau
10cm dao dng cng pha va co buoc song 2cm.Coi bin d song khng di khi truyn di.
a.Tim S dim dao dng voi bin d cuc dai, S dim dao dng voi bin d cuc tiu quan sat duoc.
b.Tim vi tri cac dim dao dng voi bin d cuc dai trn doan S
1
S
2
.
Giai:
a.Vi cac ngun dao dng cung pha, Ta co s duong hoc s dim dao dng cuc dai:


~
10 10
2 2
~-5 k 5 . Suy ra: k 0; 1;2 ;3; 4 .
- Vy c 9 s dim (dung) dao dng cc di
-Ta co s duong hoc s dim dao dng cuc tiu:
1 1
2 2


~
10 1 10 1
2 2 2 2

~ -5,5 k 4,5 . Suy ra: k 0; 1;2 ;3; 4; - 5 .
-Vy c 10 s dim (dung) dao dng cc tiu
b. Tim vi tri cac dim dao dng voi bin d cuc dai trn doan S
1
S
2
.
- Ta co: d
1
d
2
S
1
S
2
(1)
d
1
- d
2
S
1
S
2
(2)
-Suy ra: d
1

1 2
2 2
S S
+
10 2
2 2

+ 5 k voi k 0; 1;2 ;3; 4


-Vy C 9 dim dao dng ;i bin d cc di trn don S
1
S
2
.
-Khoang cach giua 2 dim dao dng cuc dai lin tip bng 2 1cm.

2.Trc nghim l thuyt:
Cu 1: Chon cu dung. Trong qua trinh giao thoa song. Goi A la d lch pha cua hai song thanh phn.
Bin d dao dng tng hop tai M trong min giao thoa dat gia tri cuc dai khi:
A. 2n 6 A = B. (2 1) n 6 A = + C. (2 1)
2
n
6
A = + D. (2 1)
2
A = +
v
n
f
Voi n 0,1, 2,
Cu : Chon cu dung. Trong qua trinh giao thoa song. Goi A la d lch pha cua hai song thanh phn.
Bin d dao dng tng hop tai M trong min giao thoa dat gia tri nho nht khi: (Voi n 0, 1, 2, 3 ... )
A. 2n 6 A = B. (2 1) n 6 A = + C. (2 1)
2
n
6
A = + D. (2 1)
2
A = +
v
n
f

Cu 3: Chon cu dung. Trong hin tuong giao thoa, nhung dim dao dng voi bin d lon nht thi:
A. d 2n 6 B. A = n C. d n D. (2 1) n 6 A = +
Cu : Chon cu dung. Trong hin tuong giao thoa, nhung dim dung yn khng dao dng thi:
A.
1 v
d (n )
2 I
= + B. A = n C. d n D. (2 1)
2
A = + n
6

3.i tp vi /:
Cu 5: Trong mt thi nghim v giao thoa song trn mt nuoc, hai ngun kt hop A va B dao dng voi tn
s 15 va cung pha. Tai mt dim M cach ngun A va B nhung khoang d
1
16cm va d
2
20cm, song co
bin d cuc tiu. Giua M va duong trung truc cua AB co hai dy cuc dai.Tc d truyn song trn mt nuoc
la
A. 24cms B. 48cms C. 40cms D. 20cms
Giai Cu 5:Chn A. Ta co: d
2
d
1
(k
1
2
) 2,5 4 cm 1,6cm.
Tc d truyn song trn mt nuoc la v I 1,6.15 24cms
Cu : Dao dng tai hai dim S
1
, S
2
cach nhau 10,4 cm trn mt cht long co biu thuc: s acos806t, vn
tc truyn song trn mt cht long la 0,64 ms. S hypebol ma tai do cht long dao dng manh nht giua hai
dim S
1
va S
2
la:
A. n 9. B. n 13. C. n 15. D. n 26.
Giai Cu 6: Tinh tuong tu nhu bai 12 ta co 1,6 cm.
Trang 13
S khoang i
2

0,8cm trn nua doan S


1
S
2
la
10, 4
2

10, 4
2.0,8
6,5.
hu vy, s cuc dai trn S
1
S
2
la: 6.21 13.; S hypebol ung voi cac cuc dai la n 13. Chn B.
Cu 7: Trn mt nuoc nm ngang, tai hai dim S
1
, S
2
cach nhau 8,2cm, nguoi ta dt hai ngun song co kt
hop, dao dng diu hoa theo phuong thng dung co tn s 15 va lun dao dng cung pha. Bit tc d
truyn song trn mt nuoc la 30cms va coi bin d song khng di khi truyn di. S dim dao dng voi bin
d cuc dai trn doan S
1
S
2
la:
A. 11 B. 8 C. 5 D. 9
Giai Cu 7: chn D

v 30
I 15
= = 2cm;
1 2 1 2
S S S S 8, 2 8, 2
k k 4,1 k 4,1
2 2
F F

; k -4,..,4: co 9 dim
Cu 8: O mt thoang cua mt cht long co hai ngun song kt hop A va B cach nhau 20cm, dao dng theo
phuong thng dung voi phuong trinh u
A
2cos406t va u
B
2cos(406t 6) (u
A
, u
B
tinh bng mm, t tinh
bng s). Bit tc d truyn song trn mt cht long la 30cms. Xet hinh vung AMB thuc mt thoang cht
long. S dim dao dng voi bin d cuc dai trn doan BM la
A. 19 B. 18 C. 17 D. 20
Giai Cu 8:
) 1,5cm
) Dim M co: d
1M
MA 20cm ; d
2M
MB 20 2 cm ) 1 2 ( 20
1 2
= = A

d d d cm
) Dim B co: d
1B
BA 20cm ; d
2B
BB 0 cm 20
1 2
= = A
B B B
d d d cm
S dim dao dng voi bin d cuc dai trn doan BM:
A + A 02 , 5 8 , 13 ) 5 , 0 ( d d
B
co 19 dim Chn A.
Cu : O b mt mt cht long co hai ngun phat song kt hop S
1
va S
2
cach nhau 20cm. ai ngun nay
dao dng theo phuong thng dung co phuong trinh ln luot la u
1
5cos406t (mm) va u
2
5cos(406t 6)
(mm). Tc d truyn song trn mt cht long la 80 cms. Xet cac dim trn S
1
S
2
. Goi I la trung dim cua
S
1
S
2
; M nm cach I mt doan 3cm s dao dng voi bin d:
A. 0mm B. 5mm C. 10mm D. 2,5 mm
Giai Cu 9: ai ngun nguoc pha, trung dim I dao dng cuc tiu . 4cm.
Dim cach I doan 2cm la nut, dim cach I doan 3cm la bung ~ bin d cuc dai A 2a 10 cm.Chn C.
Cu 1: ai ngun kt hop A,B cach nhau 16cm dang cung dao dng vung goc voi mt nuoc theo phuong
trinh : x a cos506 t (cm). C la mt dim trn mt nuoc thuc vn giao thoa cuc tiu, giua C va trung truc
cua AB co mt vn giao thoa cuc dai. Bit AC 17,2cm. BC 13,6cm. S vn giao thoa cuc dai di qua
canh AC la :
A. 16 duong B. 6 duong C. 7 duong D. 8 duong
Giai Cu 10: Ad 13,6 17,2 - 3,6 (cm).
im C thuc van giao thoa cc tiu ng vi -2 trong cong thc d
1
( )
2
+ ,
nn ta co -3,6 ( -2 0,5). 2,4 (cm). Xet diu i"n -3,6 .2,4 16
-1, 0, ., 6. Co 8 gia tr cua . Chn D.
Cu 11: ai ngun S
1
va S
2
trn mt nuoc cach nhau 13cm cung dao dng theo phuong trinh u
2cos406t(cm). Bit tc d truyn song trn mt cht long la 0,8ms. Bin d song khng di. S dim cuc
dai trn doan S
1
S
2
la:
A. 7. B. 9. C. 11. D. 5.
Giai Cu 11: D cho = 26f = 406(r,//s) , ~ I 20 . Buoc song =
v
f
=
0,8
20
= 0,04 m 4 cm.
Trn doan S
1
S
2
, hai cuc dai lin tip cach nhau
2

=
4
2
2 cm.
Goi S
1
S
2
l 13cm , s khoang i
2

trn nua doan S


1
S
2
la:
2

:
2

=
13
4
3,25.
hu vy s cuc dai trn S
1
S
2
s la 3.2 1 7. Chn A.
Trang 14
Cu 1: ai dim S
1
, S
2
trn mt mt cht long, cach nhau 18cm, dao dng cung pha voi bin d a va tn
s I 20 . Tc d truyn song trn mt cht long la v 1,2ms. u khng tinh duong trung truc cua S
1
S
2

thi s gon song hinh hypebol thu duoc la:
A. 2 gon. B. 8 gon. C. 4 gon. D. 16 gon.
Giai Cu 12: O dy, S
1
va S
2
la hai ngun dng b do do dim giua cua S
1
S
2
la mt cuc dai.
Tinh tuong tu nhu cu 11, ta co s khoang
2

trn S
1
S
2
vua dung bng 6. hu vy l ra s cuc dai la 61
7 nhung hai ngun khng duoc tinh la cuc dai do do s cuc dai trn S
1
S
2
la 5. u tru duong trung truc thi
chi con 4 hypebol. Chn C.
Cu 13: Trn mt mt cht long co hai ngun kt hop S
1
va S
2
dao dng voi tn s I 25 . Giua S
1
, S
2

co 10 hypebol la qu tich cua cac dim dung yn. Khoang cach giua dinh cua hai hypebol ngoai cung la 18
cm. Tc d truyn song trn mt nuoc la:
A. v 0,25 ms. B. v 0,8 ms. C. v 0,75 ms. D. v 1 ms.
Giai Cu 13: Giua 10 hypebol co khoang i
2


18
9
2 cm. Suy ra 4 cm. Chn D.
.i tp vn /ng:
Cu 1: Tai hai dim A na B trn mt nuoc dao dng cung tn s 16, cung pha, cung bin d. Dim M
trn mt nuoc dao dng voi bin d cuc dai voi MA 30cm, MB 25,5cm, giua M va trung truc cua AB
co hai dy cuc dai khac thi vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc la :
A. v 36cms. B. v 24cms. C. v 20,6cms. D. v 28,8cms.
Cu 15: Tai hai dim A va B (AB 16cm) trn mt nuoc dao dng cung tn s 50, cung pha, vn tc
truyn song trn mt nuoc 100cms . Trn AB s dim dao dng voi bin d cuc dai la:
A. 15 dim k ca A va B B.15 dim tru A va B.
C. 16 dim tru A va B. D. 14 dim tru A va B.
Cu 1: ai dim M va trn mt cht long cach 2 ngun O
1
O
2
nhung doan ln luot la :
O
1
M 3,25cm, O
1
33cm , O
2
M 9,25cm, O
2
67cm, hai ngun dao dng cung tn s 20, vn tc
truyn song trn mt cht long la 80cms. ai dim nay dao dng th nao :
A. M dung yn, dao dng manh nht. B. M dao dng manh nht, dung yn.
C. Ca M va du dao dng manh nht. D. Ca M va du dung yn. .
Cu 17: Trn mt thoang cua cht long co hai ngun kt hop A va B, phuong trinh dao dng tai A va B la
A
u cos t(cm) = va u
B
cos(t 6)(cm). tai trung dim O cua AB song co bin d bng
A. 0,5cm B. 0 C. 1cm D. 2cm
Cu 18: ai dim A, B trn mt nuoc dao dng cung tn s 15, cung bin d va cung pha, vn tc
truyn song trn mt nuoc la 22,5cms, AB 9cm. Trn mt nuoc quan sat duoc bao nhiu gon li tru hai
dim A, B ?
A. co 13 gon li. B. co 11 gon li. C. co 10 gon li. D. co 12 gon li.
Cu 1: Trong thi nghim v giao thoa song trn mt nuoc, 2 ngun kt hop cung pha A va B dao dng voi
tn s 80 (). Tai dim M trn mt nuoc cach A 19 (cm) va cach B 21 (cm), song co bin d cuc dai. Giua
M va duong trung truc cua AB co 3 dy cac cuc dai khac. Vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc la :
A.
3
160
(cms) B.20 (cms) C.32 (cms) D.40 (cms)
Giai: Tai M song co bin d cuc dai nn : 6

6
2
. 2

d
=
A
= A
Giua M va trung truc cua AB co 3 dy cuc dai : k 4 ) ( 5 , 0
4
cm
d
=
A
= v40(cms)
Trang 15

ng 5: sng /ng:
1 -Kin thc cn nh :
a. Diu kin d c sng /ng trn si /y /i l:
* ai du la nut song:
*
( )
2
N

=

S bung song s bo song k ; S nut song k 1
Mt du la nut song con mt du la bung song:
(2 1) ( )
4
N

= +

S bo (bung) song nguyn k; S bung song s nut song k 1
- Dc dim cua sng /ng:
-Khoang cach giua 2 nut hoc 2 bung lin k la
2

. -Khoang cach giua nut va bung lin k la


4

.
-Khoang cach giua hai nut song ( hoc hai bung song) bt ky la: k
2

.
-Tc d truyn song: v I
T

.
2 -Bi tp trc nghim:
Cu 1: Mt soi dy AB dai 100cm cng ngang, du B c dinh, du A gn voi mt nhanh cua m thoa dao
dng diu hoa voi tn s 40. Trn dy AB co mt song dung n dinh, A duoc coi la nut song. Tc d
truyn song trn dy la 20ms. K ca A va B, trn dy co
A. 5 nut va 4 bung B. 3 nut va 2 bung C. 9 nut va 8 bung D. 7 nut va 6 bung
Giai Cu 1: 50cm; l k2 k 4 Dap an A
Cu : Mt nam din co dong din xoay chiu tn s 50 di qua. Dt nam chm din phia trn mt dy
thep AB cng ngang voi hai du c dinh, chiu dai soi dy 60cm. Ta thy trn dy co song dung voi 2 bo
song. Tinh vn tc song truyn trn dy?
A.60ms B. 60cms C.6ms D. 6cms
Giai Cu 2: Vi nam chm co dong din xoay chiu chay qua ln no s tac dung ln dy mt luc tun
hoan lam dy dao dng cung buc.Trong mt T(s) dong din di chiu 2 ln nn no hut dy 2 ln . Vi vy
tn s dao dng cua dy 2 ln tn s cua dong din.
Tn s song trn dy la: I` 2.I 2.50 100
Vi trn dy co song dung voi 2 bo song nn: AB L 2. 60
2
cm

F = =
Ta co: v . 60.100 6000 60 f cm s m s = = = Dap an A
Cu 3: Mt dy dan dai 60cm phat ra m co tn s 100. Quan sat trn dy dan ta thy co 3 bung song.
Tinh vn tc truyn song trn dy.
A. 4000cms B.4ms C. 4cms D.40cms
Giai Cu 3: Vi hai du soi dy c dinh:

3 Vi 3=3 b:M3 so3.
2
2 2.60
= 40 cm,s
3 3

=
= =

Vn tc truyn song trn dy:
3
v
v f 40.100 4.10 cm/ s
f
= = = = 4000(cms) Dap an A
Cu : Mt soi dy manh dai 25cm, du B tu do va du A dao dng voi tn s I.Tc d truyn song trn
dy la 40cms.Diu kin v tn s d xay ra hin tuong song dung trn dy la:
A. I1,6(k12) B. I 0,8(k12) C. I0,8k D. I1,6k
Cu 5: Mt ng sao ho 2 hai du tao ra song dung cho m voi 3 nut . Khoang cach giua 2 nut lin tip la
20cm. Chiu dai cua ng sao la:
A. 80cm B. 60cm C. 120cm D. 30cm
Cu : Mt soi dy dan hi dai 0,7m co mt du tu do , du kia ni voi mt nhanh m thoa rung voi tn s
80. Vn tc truyn song trn dy la 32ms. trn dy co song dung.Tinh s bo song nguyn hinh thanh trn
dy:
Trang 16
A. 6 B.3 C.5 D.4
Cu 7: Mt soi dy dan hi co song dung voi hai tn s lin tip la 30 va 50h . Dy thuc loai mt du
c dinh hay hai du c dinh . Tinh tn s nho nht d tao ra song dung?
A. mt du c dinh, 30 B. mt du c dinh, 10
C. ai du c dinh, 30 D. hai du c dinh, 10
Cu 8: Mt soi dy dan hi OM90cm co hai du c dinh . Bin d tai bung song la 3cm,tai gn 0 nht
co bin d dao dng la 1,5cm. O co gia tri la:
A. 5cm B. 7,5cm C. 10cm D. 2,5cm
Cu : Mt soi dy co dai cm 68 = , trn dy co song dung. Bit rng khoang cach giua 3 bung song lin
tip la 16cm, mt du dy c dinh, du con lai duoc tu do. S bung song va nut song co trn dy ln luot la:
A.9 va 9 B.9 va 8 C.8 va 9 D.9 va 10

ng : sng m:
1 -Kin thc cn nh :
+ Cung d m:
W P
I
tS S

Voi W (J), P (W) la nng luong, cng sut phat m cua ngun.
S (m
2
) la din tich mt vung goc voi phuong truyn m
(vi song cau thi S a di"n tich mt cau S4aR
2
)
+ Mc cung d m:

0
( ) lg
I
B
I
= oc
0
( ) 10.lg
I
dB
I
=
Voi I
0
10
-12
Wm
2
goi la cuong d m chun o I 1000

2 -Bi tp trc nghim:
Cu 1: Tai mt dim A nm cach ngun m (gun dim )mt khoang A 1 m, co muc cuong d m
la L
A
90 dB. Bit ngung nghe cua m do la
12
0
10 I

= Wm
2
. Cuong d cua m do tai A la:
A. I
A
0,1 nWm
2
. B. I
A
0,1 mWm
2
. C. I
A
0,1 Wm
2
. D. I
A
0,1 GWm
2
.
Cu . Mt song m co dang hinh cu duoc phat ra tu ngun co cng sut 1W. gia su rng nng luong phat
ra duoc bao toan. oi cuong d m tai dim cach ngun ln luot la 1,0m va 2,5m :
A.I
1
0,07958Wm
2
; I
2
0,01273Wm
2
B.I
1
0,07958Wm
2
; I
2
0,1273Wm
2

C.I
1
0,7958Wm
2
; I
2
0,01273Wm
2
D.I
1
0,7958Wm
2
; I
2
0,1273Wm
2

Cu 3: guoi ta do duoc muc cuong d m tai dim A la 90 dB va tai dim B la 70 dB. y so sanh
cuong d m tai A (I
A
) voi cuong d m tai B (I
B
).
A. I
A
9I
B
7 B. I
A
30 I
B
C. I
A
3 I
B
D. I
A
100 I
B

Cu : Cho cuong d m chun I
0
10
-12
Wm
2
. Tinh cuong d m cua mt song m co muc cuong d m
80 dB.
A.10
-2
Wm
2
. B. 10
-4
Wm
2
. C. 10
-3
Wm
2
. D. 10
-1
Wm
2
.
Cu 5: Cuong d m tng gp bao nhiu ln nu muc cuong d m tuong ung tng thm 2 Ben.
A. 10 ln B. 100 ln C. 50 ln D. 1000 ln
Cu : Khi cuong d m tng gp 100 ln thi muc cuong d m tng:
A. 20 dB B. 50 dB C. 100 dB D.10000 dB.
Cu 7: Khi cuong d m tng gp 1000 ln thi muc cuong d m tng:
A.100dB B.30dB C.20dB D.40dB
Cu 8: Khi muc cuong d m tng 20dB thi cuong d m tng:
A. 2 ln. B. 200 ln. C. 20 ln. D. 100 ln.
Cu : gung dau di voi tay nguoi nghe la 10
-12
Wm
2
. Muc cuong d m ung voi ngung dau la 130
dB thi cuong d m tuong ung la:
A. 1Wm
2
B. 10Wm
2
. C.15Wm
2
. D.20Wm
2





Trang 17
TRAC NGHIJM BI TAP TONG HP CHUONG II : SNG CO
DANG I: XC DJNH VAN TC TRUYEN SNG, CHU KY, TAN S, BUC SNG- D LJCH PHA
Cu 1: Tai mt dim O trn mt thoang cua mt cht long yn lng ta tao ra mt dao dng diu hoa vung
goc voi mt thoang co chu ki 0,5 s. Tu O co cac vong song tron lan truyn ra xung quanh, khoang cach hai
vong lin tip la 0,5 m. Xem nhu bin d song khng di. Vn tc truyn song nhn gia tri nao trong cac gia
tri sau?
A. 1,5ms B. 1ms C. 2,5 ms D. 1,8 ms
Cu 2: Phuong trinh dao dng tai hai ngun A, B trn mt nuoc la: u 2cos(46t 63) cm.Vn tc truyn
song trn mt nuoc la 0,4ms va xem bin d song khng di khi truyn di. Tinh chu ky va buoc song ?
A. T 4s, 1,6m. B. T 0,5s, 0,8m.
C. T 0,5s, 0,2m. D. T 2s, 0,2m.
Cu 3: Mt nguoi quan sat trn mt bin thy chic phao nh ln cao 10 ln trong 36s va do duoc khoang
cach hai dinh ln cn la 10m. Tinh vn tc truyn song trn mt bin.
A. 2,5 ms B. 5ms C. 10ms D. 1,25ms
Cu : Xet song trn mt nuoc, mt dim A trn mt nuoc dao dng voi bin d la 3cm, bit luc t 2s tai
A co li d x 1,5cm va dang chuyn dng theo chiu duong voi I 20. Bit B chuyn dng cung pha voi
A gn A nht cach A la 0,2 m. Tinh vn tc truyn song
A. v 3 ms B. v 4ms
C. v 5ms D. 6ms
Cu 5: Mt mi nhon S duoc gn vao du cua mt la thep nm ngang va cham vao mt nuoc. Khi du la
thep dao dng theo phuong thng dung voi tn s I 100, S tao trn mt nuoc mt song co bin d a
0,5cm. Bit khoang cach giua 9 gon li lin tip la 4cm. Tinh vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc.
A. 100 cms B. 50 cms
C. 100cms D. 150cms
Cu 6: Cho mt mi nhon S cham nhe vao mt nuoc va dao dng diu hoa voi tn s I 20. guoi ta
thy rng hai dim A va B trn mt nuoc cung nm trn phuong truyn song cach nhau mt khoang d 10cm
lun dao dng nguoc pha voi nhau. Tinh vn tc truyn song, bit rng vn tc do chi vao khoang tu 0,8ms
dn 1ms.
A. 100 cms. B. 90cms.
C. 80cms. D. 85cms.
Cu 7: Mt song co hoc co phuong trinh song: u Acos(5at a6)cm. Bit khoang cach gn nht giua hai
dim co d lch pha a4 di voi nhau la 1m. Vn tc truyn song s la :
A. 2,5 ms B. 5 ms
C. 10 ms D. 20 ms
Cu 8: guoi ta gy mt dao dng o du O mt dy cao su cng thng lam tao nn mt dao dng theo
phuong vung goc voi vi tri binh thuong cua dy, voi bin d 3cm va chu ky 1,8s. Sau 3 giy chuyn dng
truyn duoc 15m doc theo dy. Tim buoc song cua song tao thanh truyn trn dy.
A. 9m B. 6,4m
C. 4,5m D. 3,2m
Cu 9: Phuong trinh dao dng cua mt ngun phat song co dang u Acos(206t) . Trong khoang thoi gian
0,225s , song truyn duoc qung duong la:?
A.0,225 ln buoc song B.4,5 ln buoc song
C.2,25 ln buoc song D.0,0225 ln buoc song
Cu 10: Song ngang truyn trn mt cht long voi tn s I 100. Trn cung phuong truyn song ta thy 2
dim cach nhau 15cm dd cung pha nhau. Tinh vn tc truyn song, bit vn tc song nay nm trong khoang
tu 2,8ms F3,4ms
A. 2,8ms B. 3ms
C. 3,1ms D. 3,2ms
Cu 11: Mt soi dy dan hi rt dai co du A dao dng voi tn s I va theo phuong vung goc voi soi dy.
Bin d dao dng la 4cm, vn tc truyn song trn dy la 4ms. Xet mt dim M trn dy va cach A mt doan
28cm, nguoi ta thy M lun lun dao dng lch pha voi A mt goc A (2k 1)
2
6
voi k 0, 1, 2,..Tinh
buoc song . Bit tn s I co gia tri trong khoang tu 22 dn 26.
A. 8cm B. 12cm
Trang 18
C. 14cm D. 16cm.
Cu 12: Du O cua mt soi dy cao su dai cng ngang duoc kich thich dao dng theo phuong thng dung voi
chu ki 1,5s .Chon gc thoi gian luc O bt du dao dng tu vi tri cn bng theo chiu duong huong ln.Thoi
dim du tin O ln toi dim cao nht cua qu dao la
A. 0,625s B. 1s
C. 0,375s D. 0,5s
DANG 2: PHUONG TRINH SNG
Cu 1: Song truyn trn dy Ax dai voi vn tc 5ms. Phuong trinh dao dng cua ngun A: u
A

4cos100at(cm). Phuong trinh dao dng cua mt dim M cach A mt khoang 25cm la :
A. u
A
4cos100at. B. u
A
4cos (100at a)
C. u
A
4 cos (100at
2
3
6
) D. Kt qua khac.
Cu 2: Tao song ngang tai O trn mt dy dan hi. Mt dim M cach ngun phat song O mt khoang d
50cm co phuong trinh dao dng u
M
2cos
2
6
(t -
1
20
)cm, vn tc truyn song trn dy la 10ms. Phuong
trinh dao dng cua ngun O la phuong trinh nao trong cac phuong trinh sau ?
A. u
O
2cos(
2
6

1
20
)cm B. u
O
2cos(
2
6

20
6
)cm.
C. u
O
2cos
2
6
t(cm). D. u
O
2cos
2
6
(t -
1
40
)cm.

DANG 3: GIAO THOA SNG- S DIEM CJC DAI,CJC TIEU-BIN D SNG -LI D
Cu 1: Trong hin tuong giao thoa S
1
S
2
4m, Trn S
1
S
2
ta thy khoang cach nho nht giua mt dim A tai
do m co d to cuc dai voi mt dim B tai do m co d to cuc tiu 0,2m, I 440. Vn tc truyn cua m
la:
A. 235ms B. 352ms
C. 345ms D. 243ms
Cu 2: Trong mt thi nghim v giao thoa song trn mt nuoc, hai ngun kt hop A, B dao dng voi tn s
I 14. Tai dim M cach ngun A, B nhung khoang d
1
19cm, d
2
21cm, song co bin d cuc dai. Giua
M va duong trung truc cua AB khng co cuc dai nao khac. Vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc co th nhn
gia tri nao nu duoi dy ?
A. v 46cms. B. v 26cms.
C. v 28cms. D. Mt gia tri khac.
Cu 3: Song trn mt nuoc tao thanh do 2 ngun kt hop A va M dao dng voi tn s 15. guoi ta thy
song co bin d cuc dai thu nht k tu duong trung truc cua AM tai nhung dim L co hiu khoang cach dn
A va M bng 2cm. Tinh vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc
A. 13 cms B. 15 cms
C. 30 cms D. 45 cms
Cu : guoi ta thuc hin su giao thoa trn mt nuoc hai ngun kt hop S
1
, S
2
cach nhau 100cm. ai dim
M
1
, M
2
o cung mt bn di voi duong trung truc cua doan S
1
, S
2
va o trn hai vn giao thoa cung loai M
1
nm
trn vn giao thoa thu k va M
2
nm trn vn giao thoa thu k 8. cho bit M
1
S
1
M
1
S
2
12cm va M
2
S
1
M
2

S
2
36cm.Buoc song la :
A. 3cm B. 1,5 cm
C. 2 cm D. Gia tri khac
Cu 5: Mt m thoa co tn s rung I 100 nguoi ta tao ra tai hai dim S
1
, S
2
trn mt nuoc hai ngun song
cung bin d, cung pha. Mt h gon li xut hin gm mt gon thng la trung truc cua doan S
1
S
2
va 14 gon dang
ypepol mi bn, khoang cach giua hai gon ngoai cung do doc theo S
1
, S
2
la 2,8cm.Tinh vn tc truyn pha
cua dao dng trn mt nuoc
A. 20 cms B. 15 ms
C..30 cms D. Gia tri khac.
Cu 6: Trn mt nuoc phng lng co hai ngun dim dao dng S
1
va S
2
. Bit S
1
S
2
10cm, tn s va bin
d dao dng cua S
1
, S
2
la I 120, la a 0,5 cm. Khi do trn mt nuoc, tai vung giua S
1
va S
2
nguoi ta
quan sat thy co 5 gon li va nhung gon nay chia doan S
1
S
2
thanh 6 doan ma hai doan o hai du chi dai bng
mt nua cac doan con lai.Buoc song co th nhn gia tri nao sau dy ?
Trang 19
A. 4cm. B. 8cm.
C. 2cm. D. Mt gia tri khac.
Cu 7: ai dim O
1
, O
2
trn mt nuoc dao dng cung bin d, cung pha. Bit O
1
O
2
3cm. Giua O
1
va O
2
co mt gon thng va 14 gon dang hyperbol mi bn. Khoang cach giua O
1
va O
2
dn gon li gn nht la 0,1
cm. Bit tn s dao dng I 100. Buoc song co th nhn gia tri nao sau dy?Vn tc truyn song co
th nhn gia tri nao trong cac gia tri sau dy?
A. 0,4cm. v 10cms B. 0,6cm.v 40cms
C. 0,2cm. v 20cms. D. 0,8cm.v 15cms
Cu 8: Thuc hin giao thoa trn mt cht long voi hai ngun S
1
va S
2
ging nhau cach nhau 13cm. Phuong
trinh dao dng tai S
1
va S
2
la u 2cos40at. Vn tc truyn song trn mt cht long la 0,8ms. Bin d song
khng di. Buoc song co gia tri nao trong cac gia tri sau ?
A. 12cm. B. 4cm.
C. 16cm. D. 8cm.
Cu 9: Trong thi nghim dao thoa song trn mt nuoc hai ngun kt hop A, B dao dng voi tn s I 16
tai M cach cac ngun nhung khoang 30cm, va 25,5cm thi dao dng voi bin d cuc dai, giua M va duong
trung truc cua AB co 2 dy cuc dai khac. Vn tc truyn song la ?
A. 13cms. B. 26cms.
C. 52cms. D. 24cms.
Cu 10: Tai A va B cach nhau 9cm co 2 ngun song co kt hop co tn s I 50, vn tc truyn song v
1ms. S gon cuc dai di qua doan thng ni A va B la :
A. 5 B. 7
C. 9 D. 11
Cu 11: Tai S
1
, S
2
co 2 ngun kt hop trn mt cht long voi u
1
0,2cos50at(cm) va u
2
0,2cos(50at
a)cm. Bin d song tng hop tai trung dim S
1
S
2
co gia tri bng :
A. 0,2cm B. 0,4cm
C.0 D. 0,6cm.
Cu 12: Co 2 ngun kt hop S
1
va S
2
trm mt nuoc cung bin d, cung pha S
1
S
2
2,1cm. Khoang cach
giua 2 cuc dai ngoai cung trn doan S
1
S
2
la 2cm. Bit tn s song I 100. Vn tc truyn song la 20cms.
Trn mt nuoc quan sat duoc s duong cuc dai mi bn cua duong trung truc S
1
S
2
la :
A. 10 B. 20
C. 40 D. 5
Cu 13: Trong 1 thi nghim v giao thoa trn mt nuoc, 2 ngun kt hop co I 15, v 30cms. Voi
dim M co d
1
, d
2
nao duoi dy s dao dng voi bin d cuc dai ? ( d
1
S
1
M, d
2
S
2
M )
A. d
1
25cm , d
2
20cm B. d
1
25cm , d
2
21cm.
C.d
1
25cm, d
2
22cm D.d
1
20cm,d
2
25cm
Cu 1: Thuc hin giao thoa trn mt cht long voi hai ngun S
1
va S
2
ging nhau cach nhau 13cm.
Phuong trinh dao dng tai S
1
va S
2
la u 2cos40at. Vn tc truyn song trn mt cht long la 0,8ms. Bin d
song khng di. S dim cuc dai trn doan S
1
S
2
la bao nhiu ? y chon kt qua dung trong cac kt qua
duoi dy ?
A. 7 B. 12
C. 10 D. 5
Cu 15: Trong thi nghim giao thoa song trn mt nuoc, khoang cach giua ngun song kt hop O
1
, O
2
la
8,5cm, tn s dao dng cua hai ngun la 25, vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc la 10cms. Xem bin d
song khng giam trong qua trinh truyn di tu ngun. S gon song quan sat duoc trn doan O
1
O
2
la :
A. 51 B. 31
C. 21 D. 43
Cu 16: Trong thi nghim giao thoa song trn mt nuoc, khoang cach giua ngun song kt hop O
1
, O
2
la
36 cm, tn s dao dng cua hai ngun la 5, vn tc truyn song trn mt nuoc la 40cms. Xem bin d
song khng giam trong qua trinh truyn di tu ngun.S dim cuc dai trn doan O
1
O
2
la:
A. 21 B. 11
C. 17 D. 9
Cu 17:(DH-2011) O mt cht long co hai ngun song A, B cach nhau 18 cm, dao dng theo phuong thng
dung voi phuong trinh la u
A
u
B
acos506t (voi t tinh bng s). Tc d truyn song cua mt cht long la 50
cms. Goi O la trung dim cua AB, dim M o mt cht long nm trn duong trung truc cua AB va gn O
nht sao cho phn tu cht long tai M dao dng cung pha voi phn tu cht long tai O. Khoang cach MO la
Trang 20
A. 10 cm. B. 2 10 cm. C. 2 2 . D. 2 cm.
Giai Cu 17: Dap an: B
Tinh cm
f
v
2
25
50
= = =
M cung pha voi O khi MA OA K MA OA K ( K
*
)
D M gn O nht thi M gana A nht nn K nho nht
Ta co MA ~ OA K ~ 0 K ~ 0 K
min
1 vy
MAmin

OA 9 2 11 cm OM
min
cm A A 10 2 9 11
2 2 2 2
= =

DANG : SNG DNG - TIM NUT SNG , BJNG SNG VAN TC TRUYEN SNG
Cu 1. Mt dy AB dai 100cm co du B c dinh. Tai du A thuc hin mt dao dng diu hoa co tn s I
40. Vn tc truyn song trn dy la v 20ms. S dim nut, s dim bung trn dy la bao nhiu?
A. 3 nut, 4 bung. B. 5 nut, 4 bung.
C. 6 nut, 4 bung. D. 7 nut, 5 bung.
Cu 2. Song dung trn dy dai 1m voi vt can c dinh, tn s I 80. Vn tc truyn song la 40ms. Cho
cac dim M
1
, M
2
,M
3
, M
4
trn dy va ln luot cach vt can c dinh la 20 cm, 25 cm, 50 cm, 75 cm.
A. M
1
va M
2
dao dng cung pha B. M
2
va M
3
dao dng cung pha
C.M
2
va M
4
dao dng nguoc pha D. M
3
va M
4
dao dng cung pha
Cu 3. Mt soi dy manh AB dai 1,2m khng gin, du B c dinh, du A dao dng voi I 100 va xem nhu
mt nut, tc d truyn song trn dy la 40ms, bin d dao dng la 1,5cm. S bung va b rng cua mt bung
song trn dy la :
A. 7 bung, 6cm. B. 6 bung, 3cm.
C. bung, 1,5cm D. 6 bung, 6cm.
Cu . Soi dy OB 10cm, du B c dinh. Du O ni voi mt ban rung co tn s 20. Ta thy song dung
trn dy co 4 bo va bin d dao dng la 1cm. Tinh bin d dao dng tai mt dim M cach O la 60 cm.
A. 1cm B. 2 2cm.
C. 0. D. 3 2cm.
Cu 5. Trn mt soi dy dai 2m dang co song dung voi tn s 100 nguoi ta thy ngoai 2 du dy c dinh
con co 3 dim khac lun dung yn. Vn tc truyn song trn dy la:
A. 40 m s. B. 100 m s.
C. 60 m s. D. 80 m s.
Cu 6. Mt dy AB dai 1,80m cng thng nm ngang, du B c dinh, du A gn vao mt ban rung tn s
100. Khi ban rung hoat dng, nguoi ta thy trn dy co song dung gm 6 bo song, voi A xem nhu mt
nut. Tinh buoc song va vn tc truyn song trn dy AB.
A. 0,30m; v 30ms B. 0,30m; v 60ms
C. 0,60m; v 60ms D. 1,20m; v 120ms
Cu 7. Mt soi dy co mt du bi kep cht, du kia buc vao mt nhanh cua m thoa co tn s 600. m
thoa dao dng tao ra mt song co 4 bung. Co tc d song trn dy la 400 ms. Chiu dai cua dy la:
A. 43 m B. 2 m
C. 1,5 m D. gia tri khac
Cu 8. Mt soi dy co mt du bi kep cht, du kia buc vao mt nhanh cua m thoa co tn s 400. m
thoa dao dng tao ra mt song co 4 bung. Chiu dai cua dy la 40 cm. Tc d song trn dy la :
A. 80 ms B. 80 cms
C. 40 ms D. Gia tri khac
Cu 9. Mt dy AB dan hi treo lo lung. Du A gn vao mt m thoa rung voi tn s I 100. Vn tc
truyn song la 4ms. Ct bot d dy chi con 21cm. By gio co song dung trn dy. y tinh s bung va s
nut.
A. 11 va 11 B. 11 va 12
C. 12 va 11 D. Dap an khac
Cu 10. Mt dy AB dai 20cm, Dim B c dinh. Du A gn vao mt m thoa rung voi tn s I 20. Vn
tc truyn song la 1ms. Dinh s bung va s nut quan sat duoc khi co hin tuong song dung.
A. 7 bung, 8 nut. B. 8 bung, 8 nut.
C. 8 bung, 9 nut. D. 8 nut, 9 bung.
O
A
O
B
O
O
O M
Trang 21
Cu 11. Mt soi dy AB treo lo lung, du A gn vao mt nhanh cua m thoa co tn s I 100.Cho bit
khoang cach tu B dn nut dao dng thu 3 (k tu B) la 5cm. Tinh buoc song ?
A.5cm. B. 4cm.
C. 2,5cm D. 3cm.
Cu 12. Soi dy AB 21cm voi du B tu do. Gy ra tai A mt dao dng ngang co tn s I. Vn tc truyn
song la 4ms, mun co 8 bung song thi tn s dao dng phai la bao nhiu ?
A. 71,4 B. 7,14.
C. 714 D. 74,1
Cu 13. Soi dy AB 10cm, du A c dinh. Du B ni voi mt ngun dao dng, vn tc truyn song trn
dy la 1ms. Ta thy song dung trn dy co 4 bo va bin d dao dng la 1cm. Vn tc dao dng cuc dai o
mt bung la:
A.0,01ms. B. 1,26ms.
C. 12,6ms D. 125,6ms.
Cu 1. Mt soi dy dan hi OM 90cm co hai du c dinh. Khi duoc kich thich thi trn dy co song dung voi
3 bo song. Bin d tai bung song la 3cm. Tai dim trn dy gn O nht co bin d dao dng la 1,5cm. O co
gia tri la :
A. 10cm B. 5cm
C. 5 2 cm D. 7,5cm.
Cu 15. Mt dy AB 90cm dan hi cng thng nm ngang. ai du c dinh. Duoc kich thich dao dng,
trn dy hinh thanh 3 bo song. Bin d tai bung song la 3cm.Tai C gn A nht co bin d dao dng la 1,5cm.
Tinh khoang cach giua C va A
A. 10cm B.20cm
C.30cm D.15cm

DANG 5: SNG AM
Cu 1. Mt ngun m phat ra m co tn s 435 ; bin d 0,05 mm truyn trong khng khi voi buoc song
80 cm.Vn tc m trong khng khi la:
A. 340 ms. B.342 ms. C.348 ms. D.350 ms
Cu 2. Mt ngun m phat ra m co tn s 435 ; bin d 0,05 mm truyn trong khng khi voi buoc song
80 cm. Vn tc dao dng cua cac phn tu trong khng khi la:
A. 2,350 ms. B. 2,259 ms. C. 1,695 ms. D. 1,359ms
Cu 3. Mt ng tru co chiu dai 1m.O mt du ng co mt pit-tng d co th diu chinh chiu dai ct khi trong ng.
Dt mt m thoa dao dng voi tn s 660 o gn du ho cua ng.Vn tc m trong khng khi la 330ms. D co cng
huong m trong ng ta phai diu chinh ng dn d dai
A. 0,75 m B. 0,50 m C. 25,0 cm D. 12,5 cm
Cu . Mt song hinh cu co cng sut 1W, gia su nng luong phat ra duoc bao toan. Cuong d m tai dim
M cach ngun m 250m la:
A. 13mWm
2
B. 39,7mWm
2
C. 1,3.10
-6
Wm
2
D. 0,318mWm
2
Cu 5. Mt cai loa co cng sut 1W khi mo ht cng sut, ly 6 3,14. Cuong d m tai dim cach no
400cm la:
A. 5.10
-5
Wm
2
B. 5Wm
2
C. 5.10
-4
Wm
2
D. 5mWm
2
Cu 6. Mt cai loa co cng sut 1W khi mo ht cng sut, ly 6 3,14. Muc cuong d m tai dim cach no
400cm la:
A. 97dB.

B. 86,9dB.

C. 77dB. D. 97B.
Cu 7. Tai dim A cach ngun m (coi la ngun dim) mt khoang 1 (m) co muc cuong d m la L
A
60
(dB). Bit ngung nghe cua m la I
0
10
10
(Wm
2
). Cuong d m tai A la :
A.10
4
(Wm
2
) B.10
2
(Wm
2
) C.10
3
(Wm
2
) D.10
5
(Wm
2
)
Cu 8. Tai dim A cach ngun m O mt doan d100cm co muc cuong d m la LA 90dB, bit ngung
nghe cua m do la:
12
0
10 I

= Wm
2
. Cuong d m tai A la:
A. 0, 01
A
I = Wm
2
B. 0, 001
A
I = Wm
2
C.
4
10
A
I

= Wm
2
D.
8
10
A
I = Wm
2


Trang 22

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