Professional Documents
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TRNG H BKHN
MC LC
LI CM N.................................................................................................................3
LI NI U .................................................................................................................4
U
Lp HD2- K51
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N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
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N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
LI CM N
Trong thi gian lm n tt nghip va qua, em xin by t lng bit n
su sc ti thy gio hng dn: TS.Vn nh Sn Th. Ngi tn tnh gip
v to iu kin thun li cho em trong sut qu trnh thc hin ti.
Em xin by t lng bit n ti cc thy c gio trong b mn Cng Ngh
Hu C- Ha Du Vin K Thut Ha Hc Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H
Ni trang b cho em nhng kin thc b ch trong sut qu trnh hc tp
nghin cu hon thnh tt bn n ny.
Em cng xin trn trng cm n cc cn b phng th nghim thuc b
mn Cng Ngh Hu C- Ha Du gip v to iu kin cho em trong
qu trnh thc hin n.
Cui cng em xin c by t lng bit n su sc ti gia nh, ngi
thn, bn b ng vin, gip v to iu kin em hon thnh n.
Tuy nhin, do iu kin nghin cu cn hn ch, kin thc cn cha su,
kinh nghim cha c cng vi thi gian c hn nn n ny khng trnh khi
nhiu thiu st. Mong cc thy c gio, cc bn ng nghip cng cc bn c
thng cm , gip em bn n c hon thin hn.
H Ni, Ngy 02 Thng 06 Nm 2011
SVTH: Trn Quang Huy.
Lp HD2- K51
-3-
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
LI NI U
Vi s gia tng nhu cu s dng nng lng v cc p lc mi trng
gy ra do pht thi kh nh knh t vic s dng nhin liu ha thch, nng lng
sinh khi hin nay c coi l mt ngun nng lng ti to l gii php thay th
cho nng lng ha thch.
Sinh khi (biomas) cha nng lng ha hc, ngun nng lng t mt
tri tch ly trong thc vt qua qu trnh quang hp. Sinh khi l cc ph phm
t nng nghip (rm r, b ma, v, x bp v.v), ph phm lm nghip (l kh,
vn g v.v), giy vn, metan t cc bi chn lp, trm x l nc thi, phn t
cc trang tri chn nui gia sc v gia cm. Nhin liu sinh khi (NLSK) c th
dng rn, lng, kh c t phng thch nng lng. Sinh khi, c bit
l g, than g cung cp phn nng lng ng k trn th gii. t nht mt na
dn s th gii da trn ngun nng lng chnh t sinh khi. Con ngi s
dng chng si m v nu n cch y hng ngn nm. Sinh khi cng c
th chuyn thnh dng nhin liu lng nh metanol, etanol dng trong cc ng
c t trong, hay thnh dng kh sinh hc (biogas) ng dng cho nhu cu nng
lng quy m gia nh.
C th ni vic s dng hiu qu nng lng sinh khi ang l vn rt
c quan tm trn th gii nhm gim mt phn sc p v s dng nhin liu,
pht trin ngun nng lng sch v thit thc cho tng lai.
Cng nh nhiu quc gia khc, vic s dng nng lng gi, nng lng
mt tri, gas sinh hc ang c p dng ti Vit Nam nhng sn lng cn
thp v quy m khng ln. Bn cnh Vit Nam c mt tim nng NLSK rt
ln l nhng sn phm tha trong qu trnh ch bin nng lm sn nh rm
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
-4-
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Phn II
Phn III
Phn IV
Phn V
: Kt Lun
Lp HD2- K51
-5-
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
-6-
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
-7-
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Mt tri
Gi
Sinh khi
1,830
12,700
6,300
Quy m nh my(Kw)
10,000,000 10,000,000
1,000,00
0
12
1,100
20
17,500
70
61,300
n v u t (USD/ KW)
1.66
0.72
0.10
Lp HD2- K51
-8-
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
-9-
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lignin
(%)
12
14
17
19
17
Cellulose
(C6-fractinon, %)
36
34
40
38
38
Hemicellulose
(C5- fraction, %)
25
25
28
30
32
Tro
(%)
27
27
15
13
13
Lp HD2- K51
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N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 11 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Nhin liu sinh khi cha nng lng trong cc lin kt ha hc trong
cc thnh phn ca n ging nh cacbonhydrat. Thnh phn oxi trong NLSK cao
hn trong nhin liu ha thch nn v c bn nng lng ca n thp hn nhin
liu ha thch. Nng lng s dng ti a theo l thuyt t NLSK l nng lng
ha hc ca n. Vi mt dng nhin liu phc tp, a dng v nhiu cu trc lin
kt nh sinh khi th nng lng ca n c th c c trng qua thnh phn
nguyn t c trong n. Bng 4 di l thnh phn cc nguyn t ca cc loi
NLSK (cy bch dng, rm t cc cy ng cc, b ma, to nu,than ci, tru,
rm la).
Bng 4. Thnh phn cc nguyn t mt s loi nhin liu sinh khi [1]
Loi
C
Nhit tr (MJ/kg)
Bch
dng
Ng cc
49
43
19.2
44
43
18.2
Ma
45
40
10
17.8
To nu
28
24
42
10.9
Than ci
80.3
3.1
11.3
0.2
3.4
31.02
Tru
38.5
5.7
39.8
0.5
15.5
15.3
Rm
39.2
5.1
35.8
0.6
0.1
19.2
15.8
Lp HD2- K51
- 12 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Tim nng
(triu tn)
Rng t nhin
Rng trng
t khng rng
Cy trng phn tn
Cy cng nghip v n qu
Ph liu g
TNG
6,842
3,718
3,850
6,050
2,400
1,649
25,090
Quy du tng
ng
(triu tn)
2,390
1,300
1,350
2,120
0,840
0,580
8,780
T l
(%)
27,2
14,8
15,4
24,1
9,6
6,6
100,0
Tim nng
(triu tn)
Quy du tng
ng (triu tn)
32,52
6,50
4,45
9,00
53,43
7,30
2,16
0,82
1,80
12,08
T l
(%)
60,4
17,9
6,8
14,9
100,0
Lp HD2- K51
- 13 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Nhit
in
T l (%)
Bp un
10667
76,2
L nung
903
6,5
L t
2053
14,7
ng pht
377
2,7
Tng
14000
100,0
Bng trn cho thy trn ba phn t sinh khi hin c s dng phc v
un nu gia nh vi cc bp un c truyn hiu sut thp. Bp ci tin tuy
c nghin cu thnh cng nhng cha c ng dng rng ri m ch c mt
vi d n nh, l t mt s a phng.
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
- 14 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
PHN II : C S HA HC CA QU TRNH KH
HA SINH KHI
2.1. Gii thiu qu trnh kh ha sinh khi
Kh ha sinh khi l qu trnh dng oxy (hoc khng kh, hoc khng
kh giu oxy, hoc oxy thun, hi nc hoc hydro, ni chung gi l cht kh
ha) phn ng vi sinh khi nhit cao chuyn nhin liu t dng rn sang
dng nhin liu kh. Nhin liu ny c gi chung l kh sinh khi vi thnh
phn chy c ch yu l CO,H2,CH4...dng lm nhin liu kh dn dng,
trong cng nghip hoc s dng lm nguyn liu cho tng hp NH3,tng hp
CH3OH
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
- 15 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
CO2
(1)
- C + CO2
2CO
(2)
- C + H2O
CO + H2
- C + 2H2
CH4
- CO + 3H2
CH4 + H2O
(5)
- CO + H2O
CO2 + H2
(6)
(3)
(4)
Lp HD2- K51
- 16 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
H2O
- C + 2H2O
= CO +
= CO
H2
Q1
2H2 Q2
H2 + Q
= CO
2 H2 Q
H2O
= CO +
- C + 2H2O = CO2
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
H2
Q1
2 H 2 Q2
Lp HD2- K51
- 17 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 18 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 19 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
- CxOy n(CO)hphu + pC
l phn ng bc 0 i vi CO2 v khi phn hy khng cn c s tham
gia ca CO2 vo phn ng.
nhit thp th s phn hy hp cht b mt c th tin hnh theo s
sau vi s tham gia ca CO2 ca dng kh.
- CxOy + CO2 m(CO)hphu + pC
l phn ng bc 1 i vi CO2 v s phn hy ca hp cht b mt c
s tham gia ca 1 phn t kh CO2.
Giai on 4 : Nh (CO)hphu theo phn ng:
- (CO)hphu gC + CO
Nh vy bc ca phn ng C + CO2 thay i t 0 1 ty theo iu
kin tin hnh phn ng.
2.3. Cc yu t nh hng ti qu trnh kh ha sinh khi.
2.3.1 nh hng ca p sut
Qu trnh kh ha xy ra p sut nht nh. Thc t th qu trnh
ha kh hot ng th p sut ti thiu phi l 10bar v c th t n 100bar.
p sut cao cc , nh vic tng hp amonic ( 130 150bar ) hay nh qu
trnh ha kh p sut 70 100bar tr ln th khng thc t cho yu cu thit b.
p sut qu cao th kch thc thit b s ln cng nh vic la chn vt liu
lm l ha kh tr nn kh khn dn n chi ph kinh t s rt cao.
V vy vic la chn p sut cho qu trnh ha kh l ty thuc vo yu cu
ca qu trnh hay thit b v mc ch s dng cui cng sao cho chi ph u t l
thp nht. Mi gi tr p sut nht nh th thnh phn kh tng hp s thay i
khc nhau.Nh vy ty thuc vo sn phm kh ra theo yu cu cn s dng
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
- 20 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
thm cht kh ha vo sinh khi gim nhit nng chy ca tro xung.
Ha kh nhit cao s lm tng lng oxy tiu th ca qu trnh v s gim
ton din hiu sut ca qu trnh ha kh. V vy trong qu trnh ha kh ta lun
m bo nhit trong l khng c vt qu gi tr cho php.
Cc qu trnh ha kh hin i u hot ng p sut 30bar v nhit
trn 13000C. iu kin nh vy c tc dng lm tng gi tr sn xut kh
tng hp vi thnh phn mtan gim xung. Trong trng hp ny th nhit
cao l cn thit, ng thi ha kh thun li hn ngi ta cn s dng
thm cht xc tc trong qu qu trnh trnh phn ng.
2.3.3. nh hng ca nguyn liu
Cc loi nguyn liu c m cao nh ci g, ma, ng, than bn ...
mun chuyn chng thnh nhin liu kh bng qu trnh kh ha thng phi
thc hin sy s b tch m. Nu m ca nguyn liu tng cao th chng
nhng tiu tn nhit vo qu trnh bc hi m v t nng hi m n nhit
kh m cn lm gim cht lng kh. V mt cng ngh kh ha ngi ta li
phi t chc lp nguyn liu c chiu cao thch hp hoc thay i ch kh
ha. cng l nguyn nhn lm tng gi thnh cho mt n v nhin liu
chun.
Lp HD2- K51
- 21 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 22 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 23 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Qu trnh c mt s c im sau :
Lp HD2- K51
- 24 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
- Phn chia chiu cao l thnh tng vng phn ng, vng n k tip vng
kia. Di cng l vng x (7), tip l vng chy (6), vng kh (vng to ra
sn phm kh ha) (5), vng bn cc (4), vng sy (3) v trn l tng khng
nh l.
- Do c s phn b cc vng phn ng nh vy nn nu i t di ln th
vng chy c nhit cao nht, tip l vng kh c nhit thp hn do c
cc phn ng thu nhit, vng bn cc c nhit thp hn na v tip l vng
sy c nhit cng thp hn na do phi tiu tn nhit vo qu trnh bc hi
nc.
C th tm tt nhit cc vng nh sau:
to vng chy > to vng kh > to vng bn cc > to vng sy
- Nh vy nhit lng vng chy phn phi cho cc vng khc
thc hin qu trnh kh ha. S truyn nhit t vng nhit cao n vng nhit
thp ch yu bng con ng i lu, cn bng cc con ng khc (nh
bc x v dn nhit) th t.
- Khi i t trn xung di, trng lng v kch thc ht sinh khi gim
dn v sinh khi tham gia vo cc phn ng phn hu nhit (bn cc), phn
ng kh, phn ng chy. Hm lng cacbon cn li trong x cn li tng i t.
Ti vng x, hm lng tc nhn O2 v H2O li cao do gi vo t y l v
chuyn ng ngc chiu vi sinh khi.
- Khi xem xt qu trnh kh ha theo chiu cao l, ta thy gi i t ghi
l (y l ng thi l vng x l), tip theo vng chy, vng kh... v cui cng
l n tng khng nh l.
Vng x: Vng ny ch yu l cha x chun b a ra khi l, nhit
y tng i thp, tuy nhin oxy cng c phn ng vi phn sinh kh cn
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
- 25 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 26 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 27 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
(5.6)
Ch si c hai chc nng chnh l cung cp tc nhn oxy ha v
to ra lp si trong thit b. Qu trnh ny rt kh iu khin khi bt u hoc khi
kt thc. Trong qu trnh, hn hp oxy/hi nc s c s dng lm tc nhn
thi.
Lp HD2- K51
- 28 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 29 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 30 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
th ng dng vo thc t, tn dng bin ngun sinh khi ngay trn qu hng
mnh phc v cho nhu cu, n ny em xin c trnh by Thit k h thng
thit b kh ha sinh khi nng sut nh phc v nhu cu cung cp nng lng
cho nng nghip nng thn vi thit b kh ha tng c nh. Dy chuyn hot
ng theo m, gin on.
4.2. S dy chuyn cng ngh
15
11
14
2
14
9
10
4 5
14
14
12
13
8.My bin th
2.Cyclone
9.Qut thi gi
3.Thp ra kh
10.Qut ht kh
4.Thp hp ph Silicagen
11.Thit b mi la
5.My nn kh
12.Thng cha nc
6.ng c t
13.Bm
7.My pht in
14.Thit b o lu lng kh
15.u t kh
Lp HD2- K51
- 31 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Thuyt minh:
Nguyn liu sinh khi ban u ( Than ci, tru, rm r) c x l qua
qu trnh p vin v c h thng bng ti a vo thit b kh ha 1, lc ny
thit b mi la 11 c khi ng lm duy tr qu trnh chy ban u cho
nguyn liu, sau khi la chy bn dn qut thi khng kh 9 c khi ng
nhm cung cp lng oxy cho qu trnh chy, ng thi thit b mi la c
ngng. Nguyn liu ln lt tri qua 4 giai on trong thit b kh ha gm : sy
kh, nhit phn, t chy, kh ha. Phn x tro s c tho lin tc qua c cu
tho x ( tay quay y thit b kh ha), phn kh gm CO, CO2, H2, CH4 c
cun theo hm lng nha v bi ln lt c i vo Cyclone 2, ti y bi v
mt s nha c loi b, phn kh tip tc i ra khi Cyclone vi nhit vo
khong 450 0C tip tc c qua thit b ra bng nc nhit khong 300 C
v kh i ra khi thit b ra vi nhit khong 450C tip tc i vo thit b hp
ph Silicagen loi b sch lng m trong khv kh c s dng i vo
ng c sn xut in nng
Ngay sau khi kh ra khi thit b kh ha, chng ta c th em s dng
t nh qut ht kh 14.
Qu trnh kh ha c thc hin gin on theo tng m
4.3. La chn v tnh ton cc thng s cng ngh
- Nguyn liu u vo : Than ci, tru, rm r
- Ta c bng thnh phn C, H , O cho nguyn liu u vo
Lp HD2- K51
- 32 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
N2
Tro
Than ci
80.30
3.10
11.30
0.00
0.20
3.40
Tru
38.50
5.70
39.80
0.00
0.50
15.50
Rm r
39.20
5.10
35.80
0.10
0.60
19.20
[1-37]
Than ci
Tru
Rm r
HHV
(MJ/Nm3)
LHV
)MJ/Nm3)
CO
CO2
CH4
H2
N2
HHV
(MJ/m3)
30.00
1.52
1.68
6.80
60.00
5.520
5.315
16.10
27.53
0.95
5.60
50.00
3.240
3.089
15.20
12.70
0.65
11.45
60.00
3.770
3.515
13.10
41.20
13.2
13.10
37.10
11.2
LHV
(MJ/m3)
Lp HD2- K51
- 33 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
67,464
Tru
39,596
Rm r
46,083
Than ci
Tru
Rm r
0.3 m
1m
0.0707 m
Lp HD2- K51
- 34 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
0.3000
Chiu cao(H)
1.0000
Th tch(V)
0.0707
m3
Khi lng
(Kg)
Than ci
230
16.26
Tru
679
48.00
Rm r
300
21.21
Lp HD2- K51
- 35 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
mC
(Kg)
C vo
(Kmol)
mH (Kg)
H vo
(Kmol)
Than ci
15.70
12.61
1.0509
0.49
0.2434
Tru
40.56
15.61
1.3012
2.31
1.1559
Rm r
17.13
6.72
0.5597
0.87
0.4369
C trong
CO2
C trong
CH4
Tng C
ra
Than ci
0.3000
0.0152
0.0168
0.3320
kmol
Rm r
0.1610
0.2753
0.0095
0.4458
kmol
Rm r
0.1520
0.1270
0.0065
0.2855
kmol
Lp HD2- K51
- 36 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
H trong
H2
Tng H ra
Than ci
0.0672
0.1360
0.2032
kmol
Tru
0.0380
0.1120
0.1500
kmol
Rm r
0.0260
0.2290
0.2550
kmol
H ra
n v
Than ci
0.6517
0.3989
kmol
Tru
0.8751
0.2944
kmol
Rm r
0.5604
0.5005
kmol
Lp HD2- K51
- 37 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Than ci
Tru
Rm r
Gi
1.61
1.49
1.00
Pht
96.76
89.22
59.93
KW/h
Than ci
242.87
67,464
Tru
142.55
39,596
Rm r
165.90
46,083
a) Lu lng sn phm kh ra
Vg =
Q
( Nm3 / s )
LHVg
Than ci
Tru
Rm r
Q (MJ/h)
LHVg (MJ/Nm3)
Vg (Nm /s)
242.87
5.31
1.27.10-2
211.96
3.088
1.9.10-2
165.69
3.51
1.31.10-2
Lp HD2- K51
- 38 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
b) T l nguyn liu u vo
Mf =
Q
LHVbm n gef
1 M
HHV daf = HHV d (
)
1 ASH M
N2
TRO
Than ci
80.30
3.10
11.30
0.00
0.20
3.40
Tru
38.50
5.70
39.80
0.00
0.50
15.50
Rm r
39.20
5.10
35.80
0.10
0.60
19.20
HHVdaf (MJ/kg)
Than ci
30,45
31,45
30,81
10,4
Tru
15,81
37,24
35,74
5,26
Rm r
15,58
20,13
18,75
11,67
LHVbm MJ/kg
M f kg/h
Lp HD2- K51
- 39 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Nng lng
dng kh ra
Nng lng
than ra
Kh ha
Nng lng
tht thot t
phn ng
t chy
Nhit phn
Nng lng t
QT chy
NL a vo
QT nhit phn
Sy kh
NL vo dng
nguyn liu
NL a vo
QT sy
NL trung bnh
QT kh ha B mt kh
ha
Nng lng
bn ngoi
Lp HD2- K51
- 40 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 41 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
T0 = 298K
Vy A Cpa T0 = 1,33 * 28.46 = 37.85Kj/kmol
2. F Cp f T0 = 0 v Cp = 0
3. W H 0 = 0
4. Qext = 0
5. F HHV = 0 v HHV = 0 ti 250C
* Tnh nng lng u ra
Ci ln lt c tnh theo bng di sau, ti nhit u ra Tg = 4500C
ta c:
CCO = 31,235Kj/kmol.K
CCO2= 49,95KJ/kmol.K
CCH4= 57,054KJ/kmol.K
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
- 42 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
CH2=30,16kj/kmol.K
CO2=33,89kj/kmol.K
CN2=30,2466Kj/kmol.K
Qgasification = H723C
H723K =
723
723
298
reac tan ts
H 298 = 7.65KJ/kmol
Thay s ta c
H723K = 7.65 +63.31 20.32 = 50.64(KJ/kmol)
*) (1 X g ) WWg = 0
*) Pc qc = 0
*)Qloss = 5%. A Cpa T0 = 5%.37.85 = 1.89 Kj/kmol
*)Qproduct = QCO,CH4,H2
QCO = 27.62 + 0.0005T = 27.62 + 3.62 = 31.24 KJ/Kmol
QCH4 = 22.35 + 0.0048T = 22.35 + 3.47 = 25.82 Kj/kmol
QH2 = 27.71 + 0.0034.T = 27.71 + 2.46 = 30.17 Kj/kmol
Lp HD2- K51
- 43 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
a. Than ci
- Lu lng dng ra 40Nm3/h
- Nng sut: 67,46kw/h
Khng kh
30m3/h
Than ci
16.26kg
%CO = 30%
Thit
B
Kh
Ha
%CO2= 1.52%
%CH4 = 1.68 %
%H2 = 6.80 %
b. Tru
- Lu lng dng ra 40Nm3/h
- Nng sut: 39,596kw/h
Khng kh
30m3/h
Tru : 48kg
%CO = 6.1%
Thit
B
Kh
Ha
%CO2 = 27.53%
%CH4 = 0.95%
%H2 = 5.6%
c. Rm r
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
- 44 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Rm r : 21.21kg
%CO = 15.2%
Thit
B
Kh
Ha
%CO2 = 12.7%
%CH4 = 0.65%
%H2 = 11.45%
Lp HD2- K51
- 45 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
D=
V
0.785.wq
Lp HD2- K51
- 46 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Vy ng knh Cyclone D =
0.0294
= 0.126 m = 130 mm
0.785 * 2.35
p =
De
Trong
0
Ad - Tit din ca vo , m
Lp HD2- K51
- 47 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 48 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
thit b kh ha. Khi qu trnh chy xy ra. Thit b ngng hot ng, v
thit b thi khng kh duy tr qu trnh chy c khi ng
b. Thit b thi khng kh
S = .D.h (m 2 )
Trong
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
Lp HD2- K51
- 49 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
m2
m2
Lp HD2- K51
- 50 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Thit b kh ha
B phn cha nguyn liu c th tch cha ng bng th tch trong ca
thn thit b, nh vy mt cch xp x ta c th ly S ton phn gn bng S ca
v trong thn TB kh ha
Schua = S1 = 0,942 m 2
B phn cha tro v x than c chiu cao 0,5m v ng knh trung bnh
l 0,5m. Nh vy S ton phn ca b phn ny l
m2
Lp HD2- K51
- 51 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
m2
Cyclone lc bi
Lp HD2- K51
- 52 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
3. Thit b ra kh
Thit b ra kh c chiu cao trung bnh l 1,5m v ng knh l 0,35m.
p dng cng thc trn ta tnh c trung bnh S ton phn ca thit b ra l
Thit b ra kh
Tng din tch xung quanh ca cc thit b l
Lp HD2- K51
- 53 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Ni dung
n S n Thnh
v lng gi
tin
(triu) (triu)
tnh
1 Thit b kh ha
Inox tm
ng Inox phi 20
ng Inox phi 30
Van cu, van tit lu
C cu chuyn ng ghi y l
C cu Start up
Chn
2 Thit b Cyclone lc bi
Inox tm
ng Inox phi 20
ng Inox phi 30
Van cu, van tit lu
3 Thit b hp ph
Inox tm
ng Inox phi 20
ng Inox phi 30
Van cu, van tit lu
SVTH:TRN QUANG HUY
MSSV:20061405
kg 200.0
m
30.0
m
30.0
ci 10.0
b
2.0
b
1.0
b
1.0
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
5.0
10.0
5.0
40.0
9.0
9.0
5.0
10.0
10.0
5.0
kg 100.0
m
10.0
m
10.0
ci 10.0
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
20.0
3.0
3.0
5.0
kg
m
m
ci
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
10.0
6.0
6.0
5.0
50.0
20.0
20.0
10.0
Lp HD2- K51
- 54 -
N TT NGHIP
5
6
7
8
9
TRNG H BKHN
Chn
Thit b ra kh
Inox tm
ng Inox phi 20
ng Inox phi 30
Van cu, van tit lu
Chn
Dn ti
Qut ht
Thit b mi la
Qut thi khng kh
Qut ht kh
Nguyn vt liu khc
Inox tm
Ct, T-ch, zacco
Van nc, van BI INOX (ren) 3/4 '' (dn20)
kg
b
ci
1.0
5.0
5.0
kg 100.0
m
20.0
m
20.0
ci 20.0
b
1.0
b
2.0
B 2
B
2
B
2
B
2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
5.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
20.0
6.0
6.0
10.0
5.0
6.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
50.0
20.0
5.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
10.0
4.0
1.0
ci
5.0
0.2
1.0
ci
5.0
0.2
1.0
ci
ci
ci
ci
b
m
m2
chic
kg
ci
m
10.0
20.0
20.0
10.0
20.0
100.0
10.0
10.0
50.0
10.0
100.0
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.1
4.0
4.0
8.0
5.0
10.0
10.0
5.0
5.0
10.0
5.0
10.0
Lp HD2- K51
- 55 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Dy in 8ly
Dy cp 3pha x 4ly
n p
Khi ng t
Cu dao 3 pha
cm, chn ni, u ch cc loi
Chn
Thanh INOX gia lc
Khc
m 100.0
m
50.0
ci
5.0
ci
2.0
ci 20.0
b 50.0
b
1.0
m
30.0
0.1
0.2
5.0
10.0
0.2
0.1
5.0
0.2
10.0
10.0
25.0
20.0
4.0
5.0
5.0
6.0
10.0
408.0
Lp HD2- K51
- 56 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
7
2
6
5
1: Thit b kh ha
5: ng c t
2: Cyclone lc bi
6: My pht in
3: Thit b ra kh
7: My bin p
4: Thp hp ph
8: H thng p vin
Lp HD2- K51
- 57 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
PHN V: KT LUN
Qua mt 4 thng tm hiu v tnh ton, em tm hiu c nhiu vn
v cng ngh kh ha. Vi tnh ton thit k trn em hy vng c th c vn
dng vo trong thc tin sn xut. Gip b con nng dn c th ng dng, tn
dng ngun nguyn liu l cc ph phm t nng nghip nh: tru, rm,... ngay
trn qu hng mnh sn xut nng lng phc v cho chnh mnh. Mt ln
na em xin chn thnh cm n TS.Vn nh Sn Th nhit tnh gip em
hon thnh n ny. Trong n chc hn khng th trnh khi sai st.
Mong cc thy c gp kin. Em xin chn thnh cm n!
Lp HD2- K51
- 58 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 59 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
PH LC
Mt s hnh nh tham kho v h thng thit b kh ha sinh khi ang
c s dng v vn hnh ti mt s quc gia trn th gii.
Lp HD2- K51
- 60 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 61 -
N TT NGHIP
TRNG H BKHN
Lp HD2- K51
- 62 -