NHNG BI TP KH MAHC DAO NG

BI 1: cho ngun in c sut in ng E=12V in tr trong r=1 ,t c in dung C=100 F,cun dy

c h s t cm L=0.2H c in tr R0=5 ,V c in tr R=18 .Ban u ng kha K np in cho
t.Tnh nhit lng ta ra trn ien tr R trong thi gian t khi ngt K n khi dao ng trong mch tt hon
ton
A;25 mJ B:28.45mJ C:24.74mJ D;31.61Mj
Bi gii
Ban duong k va khi dong in trong mach n inh ta co :

in ap hai u tu in
Nng lng t trng trong cun dy
Nng lng in trng trong tu in
Nng lng toan phn cua mach luc ban u
T khi ngt K n khi dao ng trong mch tt hon ton thi toan b nng lng nay bin thanh nhit lng
toa ra trn cun dy va trn in tr R
Goi
va
ln lt la nhit lng toa ra trn cun dy va trn in tr R ta co :
(1)
va
(2)
T (1) va (2) ta tinh c
Bi2:
Mch dao ng in t gm cun cm v 1 b 2 t in c cng in dung C = 2,5
F mc song song .Trong mch c dao ng in t t do ,hiu in th cc i gia 2 bn t in l Uo =
12V .Ti thi im hiu in th 2 u cun cm uL = 6V th 1 t in b bong ra v t dy ni .Tnh nng
lng cc i trong cun cm sau :
A.0,315mJ
B.0,27mJ
C.0,135mJ
D.0,54mJ
Hai t ging nhau mc song song, in dung tng ng ca b t:
Nng lng in t trng khi c 2 t:

thi im

th : (ch rng

(Mch vn cn 2 t)
Khi 1 t b t dy, th by gi trong mch ch cn 1 t v 1 cun dy thi.
Nng lng ca mch lc ny l:

Nng lng cc i trong cun cm lc sau:

Cu1: Mch dao ng c C= 10F, L=1H . Ly pi bnh phng =10 . Khong time ngn nht t lc nng
lung in trng max n lc nng lng t bng 1 na nng lng in trng cc i l:
a.1/400s
b.1/300s
c.1/200s
D.1/100s
Bai3:
Trong mch dao ng l tng LC c dao ng in t t do (dao ng ring) vi t in c in dung C =
2nF .Ti thi im t1 cng dng in trong mch i = 5mA ,sau T/4 hiu in th gia 2 bn t u =
10V. t cm ca cun dy?
A.0,04mH B.8mH C.2,5mH
D.p n khc
+Ti thi im t1
gi tr i:
gi tr u :
+ Sau T/4
th (1) vo
Bai4:
Mch dao ng gm cun dy c t cm L=20 micro H, in tr thun R=4om, t in C=2nF. Hdt cc
i 2 u t l 5V. duy tr dao ng in t trong mch ngi ta dng 1 pin c sut in ng E=5V,
in lng ban u l 30C. Cc pin c th duy tr dao ng in t ti a l?
A. 3000 pht
B. 50 pht
C. 500 pht
D. 300 pht
Cu ny mnh khng chc lm xin lm th nh sau:

Cng sut ta nhit trn in tr R l:

Thi gian m cc pin duy tr dao ng in l:
(pht)
Bai5:
trong mch dao ng in t gm cun dy thun cm L v b 2 t in C1 song song vi C2 vi C1=C2=6
.ti thi im dng in qua cun dy bng 1 na dng in cc i th in tch ca t C2 l q2=9
. in p cc i trn t C1?
Khi i=I0/2 th
nn u=U0 /2 suy ra U0
Bai6:
:cho mch dao ng LC gm t in c in dung C=10pF,mt cun dy c t cm L = 100 mH v in
tr thun R=1 m.Ni mch vi ngun in c sut in ng E=2V.in tr trong r = 9 m thng qua mt
kha K.Ban u ng kha K t tch y in v dng in trong mch n nh v n thi im no
ngi ta ngt kha K.Xc nh nng lng dao ng in t trong mch ngay sau khi ngt kha k l
A: 2mJ
B: 1mJ
C 3mJ D 4mJ

tnh

W=
Bai7:
Cho mch dao ng l tng vi C = 1nF, L = 1mH, in p hiu dng ca t in l UC = 4V. Lc t = 0,
uC = 2cn 2V v t in ang c np in. Vit biu thc ca:
a) in p trn t in.
b) Cng dng in chy trong mch dao ng.
c) Nng lng in trng.
Nng lng t trng.
a/ Vi uC = 2 V th bn c chn c in th dng so vi bn kia. T ang c np in chng t dng
in c chiu i n bn ny. Tc l i0 > 0. in tch t in tng nn uC tng.
Tn s gc ca dao ng: omg = 1/cn LC = 10^6 rad/s.
Thi im u: u0 = U0cos(phi); suy ra cos(phi) = 2cn2/4cn2 = 1/2; uC ang tng nn (phi) = -60 =
-pi/3 rad.
Vy: uC = 4cn2cos(10^6.t - pi/3) (V).
Bi 8: Mch dao ng kn, l tng c L = 1 mH, C = 10 F. Khi dao ng cng dng in hiu dng
I = 1 mA. Chn gc thi gian lc nng lng in trng bng 3 ln nng lng t trng v t in ang
phng in. Vit biu thc in tch trn t in, in p gia hai bn t v cng dng in trn mch
dao ng.
1
I0
= LC = 104 rad/s; I0 = I 2 = 2 .10-3 A; q0 = = 2 .10-7 C;
q
4
3

q
khi t = 0 th WC = 3Wt => W = 3 WC => q = 2 q0 cos 0 = cos( 6 ); t ang phng in: = 6

; q = 2 .10-7cos(104t + 6 )(C);
q

3
u = C = 2 .10-2cos(104t + 6 )(V); i = 2 .10-3cos(104t + 2 )(A).
Bi 9: Trong mt mch LC, L = 25 mH v C = 1,6 F thi im t = 0, cng dng in trong mch
bng 6,93 mA, in tch trn t in bng 0,8 C v t ang c np in. Tnh nng lng ca mch
dao ng, vit biu thc in tch trn t in v cng dng in trong mch dao ng
1 q2 1 2
W=
+ Li = 0,8.10-6J; q0 = 2CW = 1,6.10-6C;
2 C 2
q
1

=
= 5000 rad/s; cos = = cos( ); t ang np in nn = - ;
q0
LC
3
3

q = 1,6.10-6cos(5000t - )(C); I0 = q0 = 8.10-3 A;

3

i = 8.10-3cos(5000t + )(A).
6
Bi 10:

Mt mch dao ng LC ang thc hin dao ng in t t do vi nng lng dao ng l 2J. Khong thi
gian ngn nht nng lng in trng ca t tng thm 1J l 1ms. Hi trong 2 pht, mch thc hin
c bao nhiu dao ng ton phn?
Bi 11:
Mch dao ng LC, cun dy c t cm L=0,05H, in tr ton mch R=0,5. Thi gian mch giao ng
tt dn l:
A.0,5 s
B.0,1 s
C.0,05 s
D.0,055 s
Bi 12: Mch dao ng LC l tng gm L v 2 t C ging nhau mc ni tip. Mch
ang hot ng th ngay ti thi im nng lng in trng v t trng = nhau,
mt t b nh thng hon ton. Dng in cc i trong mch sau s = bao
nhiu ln so vi lc ban u:
A.Khng i
B. 1/4
C.0,5 nhn Cn bc 2 ca 3
D.
Bi 13:
cho mch in c (ngun E nt in tr trong r)//(L nt
R)//C.E=12V,r=1m,C=100.10^-6F,cun dy c h s t cm l L=0.2H v in tr
R0=5m; in tr R=18m. ban u K ng,khi trng thi trong mch n nh ngi
ta ngt kha K.Tnh nhit lng ta ra trn R trong thi gian t khi ngt K n khi
dao ng trong mch tt hon ton.
LIo^2/2+ cUo^2/2 = QR +Qr ( 1 )
QR/Qr =R/r ( 2 )
Giai ( 1 ) Va (2 ) Ra dap an
1. Hai t in C1=3C, C2=6C mc ni tip. Ni hai u b t vi pin c E= 3V np in cho cc t
ri ngt ra v ni vi cun dy thun cm L to thnh mch dao ng in t t do. Ti thi im
dng in qua cun dy c ln bng 1/2 gi tr I max, nguoi ta ni tt C1. HDT cc i trn t C2
ca mch sau bng bao nhiu.?

do mc ni tip nn mnh quy v dien luong (vi mac noi tiep dien luong qua cc t
bng nhau)
-

i=Io/2 ==> Wt=1/4W ==> Wd=3/4W m C2=6C trong khi Cb=2C ==>
Wd2=1/3Wd=1/4W
- khi ngt C1 ==> mch dao ng vi W'=1/4W+1/4W=1/2W
==>

==>
---------------------------Mt mch dao ng gm cun thun cm L v hai t C ging nhau mc ni tip, kha
K mc hai u mt t C (nh hnh v). Mch ang hot ng vi dng in cc i
trong mch l I0 th ta ng kha K ngay ti thi im nng lng in trng v

nng lng t trng trong mch ang bng nhau. Gi tr cc i ca dng in

trong mch ca mch sau s thay i nh th no?
ngay khi ng kha k ta c:
1/2.L.Io^2 = 1/2.Cb.u^2 + 1/2.L.i^2
v Cb =C/2 v nng lng t trng bng nng lng in trng nn(1/2.Cb.u^2 =
1/2.L.i^2)
1/2.L.Io^2 = 2.1/2.C/2.u^2 =>u = Io.cn(L/C)
hiu in th hai u mt t l: u1=u/2 = Io.cn(L/C)/2
nng lng ca mt t khi l: w1 = 1/2.C.u1^2 = 1/8.L.Io^2
nng lng ca t trng khi l: 1/2.L.i^2 =1/2.Cb.u^2 =1/4.L.Io^2
vy nng lng ca mch khi ng kha k l ( mt t b loi)
w' = w1 +1/2.L.i^2 =3/8.L.Io^2 ( khi ta c mt mch LC vi nng lng ban u
l 3/8.L.Io^2)
m nng lng: w' =1/2.L.Io'^2 =>Io'^2 =Io.cn3/2
-----------Mt mch dao ng l tng LC gm cun dy thun cm L v 2 t in C ging nhau
mc ni tip. Mch ang hot ng th ngay ti thi im nng lng t trng bng
nng lng in trng, mt t b nh thng hon ton. Dng in cc i trong
mch sau s bng bao nhiu ln so vi lc u:
A. khng i.
B. 2
C. 0,53.
D. .
Cc bn gii gip nh.
goj W la nang luong tu cuc daj khi chua danh thung luc nang luong tu bang nang
luong dien truong
thi Wt=Wd=W/2
ma hai tu giong nhau ma mac noj tiep nua nen Wd/2=Wd1=Wd2,
do vay khi dang thung mot tu thi nang luong tong cong luc do la
W'=3/4 W
vay luc nang luong tu cuc dai luc sai chi bang 3/4 nang luong cuc daj luc dau