B TP CHNG 2 HA 10 NNG CAO KH BI 1.

a) Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t ng vi cng thc RO3 , vi hidro n to hp cht kh cha 94,12%R v khi lng . Xc nh nguyn t R? b) R l nguyn t cng nhm A v thuc chu k k cn vi R;X ,Y l hp cht vi hidro ca R v R , trong X l cht kh , Y l cht lng iu kin thng . Gii thch? BI 2. Cho bit hai nguyn t A v B thuc nhm A v thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon . A lp ngoi cng c 6e. Hp cht (X) ca A vi hidro trong %H = 11,1%(v khi lng ).Xc nh tn A v B . BI 3. Hai nguyn t X v Y hai chu k lin tip nhau trong bng tun hon c tng in tch ht nhn ca chng bng 16. a) Xc nh tn ca cc nguyn t X v Y trong bng tun hon . b) V tr ca hai nguyn t trong bng tun hon. BI 4. a) Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t R thuc nhm 7A , c t l khi lng ca cc nguyn t mR:mO=7,1: 11,2 . Xc nh nguyn t R ? b)Ha tan 36,4g hn hp A gm Fe v MgCO3 vo 800ml dung dch HR 2M thu c dung dch X v hn hp kh Y . Bit dY/O2 =0,85 . Tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn A v nng mol ca dung dch X . Gi s th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k . BI 5. A v B l hai nguyn t cng thuc mt nhm . A c 6e lp ngoi cng . Hp cht ca A vi hidro c phn trm khi lng hidro bng 5,88% . S khi ca A ln hn ca B . a) xc nh A, B v hp cht ca A vi hidro . b) B to vi halogen X mt hp cht X2B trong X chim 81,6% khi lng . Tm halogen X . BI 6. a) Hai nguyn t A v B c tng in tch ht nhn l 58 . Bit A v B cng mt nhm A v hai chu k lin tip . Xc nh A v B . b)Phn t XY2 c tng in tch ht nhn l 26. Bit X v Y cng mt chu k hai nhm lin tip .Xc nh cng thc phn t . BI 7. Mt hp cht ion c cng thc XY. Hai nguyeent X v Y thuc hai chu k k cn nhau trong bng tun hon . X thuc nhm 1A , 2A , cn Y thuc nhm 6A, 7A. Bit tng s e trong XY bng 20 . XY l hp cht no? BI 8. Nguyn t ca nguyn t A c tng s e trong cc phan lp p l 11. Nguyn t cu nguyn t B c tng s ht mang in t hn tng s ht mang in cu A l 12 . a) Xc nh A v B . b) Gi X l hp cht to bi A v B . Dung dch nc ca X c tnh axit, bazo hay trung tnh ? ti sao? BI 9. Hai nguyn t A v B cng nhm A v thuc hai chu k lin tip. Tng s proton ca hai nguyeent thuc hai nguyn t l 32. Tm v tr cu hai nguyn t reong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc. BI 10. Nguyn t R l phi kim thuoocj nhm A trong bng tun hon . T l gia phn ftram nguyn t R trong Oxit cao nht v phn trm R trong hp cht kh vi hidro bng 0,5955. Cho 4,05 gam mt kim laoij M cha r ha tr tc dng ht vi n cht R th thu c 40,05 gam mui . Xc nh nguyn t R v M. BI 11. Mt nguyn t R m oxit cao nht vi ca n cha 60% O theo khi lng . Hp cht kh ca R vi hidro c t khi hi so vi kh hidro bng 17. xc nh R , cng thc Oxit ca R v cng thc hp cht kh ca R vi Hidro. BI 12. Ha tan 2,84 gam h hp hai mui cacbonat cu hai kim loi A v B k tip nhau trong nhm 2A bng 120ml dung dch HCl 0,5M thu c 0,896 lt CO2 ( o 54,6 c C v 0,9 atm) v dung dch X.

a) Tm nguyn t khi A, B v khi lng mui trong dung dch X .

b) Tnh phn trm mi mui trong hn hp u. Cu 1 : Cho hai nguyn t c cu hnh electron nguyn t l: + Nguyn t X : 1s22s22p63s2 + Nguyn t Y : 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2 X v Y c thuc cng mt nhm nguyn t khng ? Gii thch Hai nguyn t ny cch nhau bao nhiu nguyn t ho hc? C cng chu k khng?.

Cu 2 :Nguyn t X chu k 3,nhm VA ca bng tun hon. a) Vit cu hnh electron ca X. b)Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t cng nhm thuc hai chu k k tip ( trn v di ) . Gii thch ti sao li vit c nh vy. Cu 3 : Cho nguyn t X c Z = 30 a)Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t X b)Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t cng chu k,thuc hai nhm lin tip (trc v sau) vi nguyn t X v hy gii thch v sao li vit c nh vy. Cu 4 : Cho hai nguyn t X v Y hai lin tip nhau trong mt chu k ca bng HTTH v c tng s proton bng 27. Hy vit cu hnh electron nguyn t v xc nh v tr ca chng trong bng HTTH. Cu 5 : Cho hai nguyn t A,B ng k tip nhau trong bng HTTH v c tng s n v in tch ht nhn l 37. a)C th khng nh A,B thuc cng mt chu k khng? Xc nh ZA ,ZB . b)Xc nh v tr ca A, B trong bng TH .Cho bit A,B l kim loi ,phi kim,hay kh him? Cu 6 : Cho 1,2 gam mt kim loi thuc nhm IIA trong bng HTTH tc dng vi HCl thu c 0,672 lt kh (ktc).Tm kim loi ,vit cu hnh electron nguyn t,nu r v tr trong bng HTTH. Cu 7 : Cho 0,78 gam mt kim loi nhm IA tc dng vi HCl thu c 0,224 lt kh thot ra (ktc).nh tn kim loi . Cu 8 : Khi cho 5,4 gam mt kim loi M tc dng vi oxi khng kh thu c 10,2 gam 1 oxit M2O3. Tm tn kim loi M. Cu 9 : A l nguyn t chu k 3.Hp cht ca A vi cacbon cha 25 % cacbon v khi lng ,v khi lng phn t ca hp cht l 144 u.nh tn nguyn t A,cng thc phn t ca hp cht . Cu 10 : Mt nguyn t B to thnh 2 loi oxit c cng thc AOx v AOy ln lt cha 50% v 60% oxi v khi lng.Xc nh nguyn t B v cng thc phn t hai oxit. Cu 11 : Cho 8,8 gam hn hp 2 kim loi thuc hai chu k lin tip nhau v thuc nhm IIIA, tc dng vi HCl d th thu c 6,72 lt kh hiro (ktc). Da vo bng tun hon cho bit tn hai kim loi . Cu 12 : Hp cht A c cng thc MXx trong M chim 46,67% khi lng (M l kim loi, X l phi kim chu k 3). Trong ht nhn M c s ntron nhiu hn s proton 4 ht, cn X c s proton bng s ntron. Tng s ht proton ca A l 58. Xc nh M,X,A.

Cu 13 : X v Y l 2 nguyn t u c hp cht kh vi H l XHa v YHa . Khi lng mol cht ny gp 2 ln khi lng mol cht kia. Khi lng phn t 2 oxit cao nht ca X v Y (X2Ob v Y2Ob) hn km nhau 34 u. a)X,Y l kim loi hay phi kim. b)Xc nh tn X,Y v cng thc phn t cc hp cht ca X,Y. Cu 14 : Tng s ht mang in trong ion AB32 bng 82. S ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t A nhiu hn s ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t B l 8. Xc nh s hiu nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t A,B. Vit cu hnh electron ca 2 nguyn t A,B. Xc nh v tr nguyn t A v B trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc. Cu 15 : X,Y l 2 halogen (thuc nhm VIIA) 2 chu k lin tip . Ha tan 16,15 gam hn hp NaX v NaY vo nc sau cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu c 33,15 gam kt ta. Xc nh tn ca X,Y v phn trm khi lng mi mui trong hn hp u. Cu 16 : Hp cht M to thnh t cation X+ v anion Y3. mi ion u do 5 nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t phi kim to nn.Bit tng s proton trong X+ l 11 v trong Y3 l 47. Hai nguyn t trong Y3 thuc 2 chu k lin tip c s th t cch nhau 7 n v. Hy xc nh cng thc ha hc ca M. Cu 17 : X,Y l 2 nguyn t cng 1 nhm A thuc 2 chu k k tip nhau trong bng tun hon. Tng s ht proton, electron v ntron trong Y l 55 trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 1,75 ln. Hy xc nh s hiu nguyn t X,Y v s khi ca Y. Cu 18 : A,B,X l 3 nguyn t phi kim .Tng s ht proton, ntron,electron trong phn t AX2 l 52. S ht mang in ca AY2 nhiu hn s ht mang in ca AX2 l 28 ht. Phn t X2Y c tng s ht proton,electron v ntron l 28 trong s ht mang in bng 2,5 ln s ht khng mang in. a)Xc nh in tch ht nhn v s khi ca A,X,Y. b)Xc nh v tr ca A,B,X trong bng tun hon. Cu 19 : C hp cht MX3 trong : Tng s proton, ntron, elctron l 196. S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 60. S khi ca M nh hn s khi ca X l 8. Tng s proton, ntron, elctron trong X nhiu hn trong ion M3+ l 16. Xc nh v tr ca M v X trong bng tun hon Cu 20 : X,Y,Z l 3 nguyn t phi kim ln lt nhm VA, VIA, VIIA. Oxit cao nht ca X c s ht mang in gp 2,5 ln s ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Y. S ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Z nhiu hn ln s ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Y l 28. S ht mang in ca 3 nguyn t X,Y,Z bng s ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Y. Xc nh s th t ca X,Y,Z

Bi 12: Ba nguyn t X, Y, Z trong cng mt chu k c tng s hiu nguyn t l 39. S hiu nguyn t ca Y bng trung bnh cng s hiu nguyn t ca X v Z. Nguyn t ca ba nguyn t trn hu nh khng phn ng vi nc nhit thng. a. Xc nh v tr ca cc nguyn t trn trong bng h thng tun hon, tnh cht c bn

v gi tn tng nguyn t. b.So snh m in, bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t . Bi 19: A v B l 2 nguyn t nm trong hai phn nhm chnh k tip nhau trong bng tun hon (dng ngn ). Bit A thuc nhm VI v tng s ht proton trong hai ht nhn ca A v B l 25, n cht A tc dng c vi n cht B a) Hy vit cu hnh electron ca A v B b) Xc nh v tr ca A v B trong bng tun hon. ( Bi tp l thuyt v thc nghim Ha hc ) Bi 20: Mt hp cht ion cu to t ion M2+ v ion X-. Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong phn t MX2 l 186 ht, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 54 ht. S khi ca ion M2+ nhiu hn trong X l 21. Tng s ht proton, notron, electron trong M2+ nhiu hn trong X l 27 ht. Vit cu hnh electron ca cc ion M2+, X-. Xc nh v tr ca M v X trong bng tun hon. ( Bi tp l thuyt v thc nghim Ha hc ) Bi 21: Hp cht M c to nn t cation X+ v anion Y3 - , mi ion u do 5 nguyn t ca hai nguyn t phi kim to nn. Bit tng s proton trong X+ l 11 v trong Y 3 l 47. Hai nguyn t trong Y 3 thuc 2 chu k k tip nhau trong bng h thng tun hon v c s th t cch nhau 7 n v. a) Hy xc nh cng thc phn t ca M. b) M t bn cht cc kin kt trong phn t M. ( Bi tp l thuyt v thc nghim Ha hc ) Bi 22: Mt nguyn t R c 3 ng v X, Y ,Z ; bit tng s cc ht c bn ( n, p, e ) trong 3 ng v bng 129, s ntron ng v X hn ng v Y mt ht. ng v Z c s proton bng s ntron. a) Xc nh in tch ht nhn nguyn t v khi lng ca 3 ng v X, Y, Z b) Bit 752,875 . 1020 nguyn t R c khi lng m-gam. T l nguyn t cc ng v nh sau: Z : Y= 2769 : 141 v Y : X = 611 : 390. Xc nh khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca R v tnh m. Bi 23: C 3 nguyn t A, B, C vi ZA < ZB < ZC ( Z l in tch ht nhn). Bit:Tch ZA.ZB.ZC =952 T s ( ZA + ZC ) / ZB = 3 Nguyn t C c electron cui cng ng vi b 4 s lng t: n = 3, l = 1, m = 0, mS = - a) Vit cu hnh electron ca C. Xc nh v tr ca C trong bng h thng tun hon t suy ra nguyn t C

b) Tnh ZA, ZB. Suy ra nguyn t A, B c) Xc nh trng thi vt l ca hp cht vi Hir ca A, B, C. gii thch s khc nhau gia cc trng thi ny. d) Hp cht X to bi 3 nguyn t A, B , C c cng thc ABC. Vit cng thc cu to ca X v gi tn X. e) trng thi lng, X c tnh dn in. Cho bit X c hnh thnh bng lin kt g? Bi 24: a) Trong mt nguyn t trung ho in c 6 electron, khi lng nguyn t bng 12 vC. Tnh s proton, ntron trong nguyn t . b)Trong mt nguyn t, tng s ht mang in l 26, khi lng ht nhn l 27 vC. Tnh s proton, ntron, v khi lng ca nguyn t . Bi 25: Mt nguyn t khi mt bt electron bin thnh ion dng. Khi nhn thm electron bin thnh ion m. Tri tuyt i ca in tch ion bng ng s electron m nguyn t mt i hay nhn thm. Cho hai ion R4+ v R4. S ntron trong hai ion ny u bng 14. s electron trong ion R4+ bng 10. Hy vit k hiu ht nhn ca hai ion . Tnh s electron trong nguyn t trung ho in R v trong ion R4. Bi 26: Mt nguyn t k hiu l R c tng s cc ht proton, ntron, electron bng 24. a) Vit k hiu ht nhn ca nguyn t v gi tn nguyn t , b) Vit cu hnh electrpn ca nguyn t v ca ion R2 . c) Cho bit trong nguyn t c bao nhiu obital c electron chim gi. Bi 27: Cho hai nguyn t A v A c s khi ln lt bng 79 v 81. Hiu s gia s ntron v s electron trong nguyn t A l 9 cn trong nguyn t B l 11 a) Cho bit A v A c phi l ng v vi nhau hay khng? b) Nu trn ln hai loi nguyn t A v A theo t l l: .th tp hp cc nguyn t thu c c khi lng nguyn t trung bnh bng bao nhiu? c) Tp hp cc nguyn t c phi l mt nguyn t ho hc hay khng. Nu l mt nguyn t th nguyn t chim v tr no trong bng HTTH? Bi 28: Cho hp cht c dng MX , M l kim loi X l phi kim . Tng p , n , e trong MX l 96. Trong tng ht mang in ln hn tng s ht khng mang in l 16 . Tng s ht trong X ln hn tng s ht trong M l 18. Tng s ht trong ht nhn X ln hn tng s ht trong ht nhn M l. 1. Xc nh s th t ca X , M .Gi tn MX 2. Vit phng trnh iu ch MX. Bi 29:

C 5 nguyn t A , B , C , D , E lin tip nhau trong bng tun hon nguyn t (c sp xp theo chiu tng dn ca s th t bit rng tng s hiu nguyn t ca chng l 90 . Xc nh nguyn t . Bi 30: C 2 nguyn t X , Y m s th t ca X > Y s pX > pY 8 ht. Mt khc tng p , n , e ca X l 54 trong tng s ht mang in ln hn ht khng mang in 1,7 ln . Hy gi tn X , YBi 31: Cho hp cht MX3 trong M l kim loi v X l phi kim. Phn t MX3 c tng s p, n , e l 196 trong tng s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 60. S ht mang in trong M nh hn s ht trong X l 8. 1. Xc nh s th t ca M v X . Gi tn MX3 2. Vit mt s phng trnh iu ch MX3 Bi 32: C 2 nguyn t A ,B nm hai nhm lin tip c tng proton trong ht nhn l 25 m trong zA < zB thuc nhm VI A 1. Gi tn A v B 2. Vit cng thc cc xit cha ng thi Hydr A v B Bi 33: C 2 nguyn t A v B bit hiu s v s proton trong ht nhn bng 6. Tng s prot Bi 19: A v B l 2 nguyn t nm trong hai phn nhm chnh k tip nhau trong bng tun hon (dng ngn ). Bit A thuc nhm VI v tng s ht proton trong hai ht nhn ca A v B l 25, n cht A tc dng c vi n cht B a) Hy vit cu hnh electron ca A v B b) Xc nh v tr ca A v B trong bng tun hon. Bi 20: Mt hp cht ion cu to t ion M2+ v ion X-. Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong phn t MX2 l 186 ht, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 54 ht. S khi ca ion M2+ nhiu hn trong X l 21. Tng s ht proton, notron, electron trong M2+ nhiu hn trong X l 27 ht. Vit cu hnh electron ca cc ion M2+, X-. Xc nh v tr ca M v X trong bng tun hon.