Đồ án cung cấp điện

CHNG I
TNH TON NHU CU PH TI

Ph ti cc chung c bao gm 3 thnh phn c bn l ph ti sinh hot,
ph ti ng lc v ph ti chiu sng. Trong ph ti sinh hot thng chim
t l ln hn so vi ph ti ng lc v chiu sng.
1.1. PH TI SINH HOAT
- Tng s h trn mi tng l : nh.T = 2 + 4 + 2 = 8 h
- Tng s h ca chung c : Nh = N . nh.T = 12 . 8 = 96 h
- Sut tiu th trung bnh ca h dng bp gas ng vi thnh ph rt ln,
theo bng 10.pl : p0 = 1,83 kW/h
- M hnh d bo ph ti: coi nm c s l nm hi ti t0 = 0, p dng m
hnh dng:
Pt = p0 [
( )]
Trong :
: sut tng ph ti hng nm, = 0,045;
ph ti tnh ton s l ph ti cui chu k thit k. Sut ph ti ca mi
h gia nh cui chu k thit k l:
P0-7 = 1,83(1 + 0,045 . 7) = 2,406 kW/h
a. Ph ti sinh hot tng tng
Ph ti sinh hot tng tng cui chu k thit k c sc nh theo cng
thc:
Psh.T = kcc . kt.T . p0-7

= kcc . kt.T . p0-7 ( n1 . kh1 + n2 . kh2 + n3 . kh3 )
Trong :
kcc : h s tnh n chiu sng chung trong ta nh, kcc = 1,05;
n : s nhm cn h cng din tch, n = 3;
kt.T : h s ng thi theo tng tng
Ni suy theo bng 1.pl ta c:

nh.T = 8
kt.T = 0,55 + (8 5)
= 0,502;
ni : s cn h loi i (c cng din tch);

khi : h s hiu chnh i vi cn h loi I c din tch trn gi tr tiu
chun Ftc = 70 m2
khi = 1+ 0,01(Fi Ftc)
Fi : din tch cn h loi i;
F1 = 70 m2
kh1 = 1
F2 = 100 m2
kh2 = 1,3
F3 = 120 m2
kh3 = 1,5
Vy ph ti sinh hot tng tng cui chu k thit k l:

Psh.T = 1,05 . 0,502 . 2,406 (2 . 1 + 4 . 1,3 + 2 . 1,5) = 12,936 kW
b. Ph ti sinh hot ton chung c
Ph ti sinh hot ton chung c cui chu k thit k c xc nh theo
cng thc:
Psh.C = kcc . kt.C . p0-7
= kcc . kt.C . p0-7 . N ( n1 . kh1 + n2 . kh2 + n3 . kh3 )
Trong ;
kt.C : h s ng thi ca ton chung c
Nh = 96
kt.C = 0,35 + (96 50)
= 0,3316
Vy ph ti sinh hot ton chung c cui chu l thit k l:

Psh.C = 1,05 . 0,3316. 2,406 . 12(2 . 1 + 4 . 1,3 + 2 .1,5) = 102,537 kW
1.2.
PH TI NG LC
Ph ti ng lc trong cc khu chung c bao gm ph ti cc thit b dch

v v v sinh k thut nh: thang my, my bm nc, qut thng gi
a. Nhm ph ti thang my
Cng sut tnh ton ca nhm ph ti thang my l:
Ptm = knc.tm
= knc.tm ( Ptm1 + Ptm2)
Trong :
n
: s ln thang my, n = 2;
knc.tm : h s nhu cu ca nhm ph ti thang my. Theo bng 2.pl ta c:

N = 12 tng, n = 2 thang my
knc.tm = 1;
Do thang my lm vic ch ngn hn lp li nn cng sut ca

chng phi quy v ch di hn theo cng thc:
Ptmi = Pm.tmi
Trong :
Pm.tmi : cng sut nh mc thang my th i;
: h s tip in ca thang my th i, 1 = 2 = 0,6;

Cng sut quy v di hn ca thang my
- Thang my nh: Ptm1 = 7,5 .
- Thang my ln: Ptm2 = 16 .
= 5,809 kW
= 12,394 kW
Cng sut tnh ton ca nhm thang my l:

Ptm = 5,809 + 12,394 = 18,203 kW
b. Nhm bm v sinh k thut
Cng sut tnh ton ca nhm b v sinh k thut
Pvs.kt = knc.vskt
Trong :
knc.vskt : h s nhu cu ca nhm bm v sinh k thut;

Pm.vsi : cng sut nh mc ca my bm th i;
m
: tng s bm ton chung c (bm cp nc sinh hot + bm thot
nc + bm cu ha + bm b bi);
m = 1 + 6 + 6 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 19 bm
m = 19
knc.vskt = 0,65
Vy cng sut tnh ton ca nhm bm v sinh k thut l:

Pvs.kt = 0,65(30 + 6.5,6 + 6.1,2 + 2.7,5 + 2.4,5 + 22 + 16) = 86,32 kW
c. Tng hp ph ti ng lc
Cng sut tnh ton ca nhm ph ti ng lc l:
Pl = knc.l (Ptm + Pvs.kt ) = 0,9(18,203 + 86,32) = 94,071 kW
Trong :
knc.l : h s nhu cu ca nhm ng lc, kl = 0,9;
H s cng sut ca nhm ph ti ng lc:
Cosl =
= 0,774
Trong :
Costm : h s cng sut nhm thang my, Costm = 0,65;
Cosvs.kt : h s cng sut nhm bm v sinh k thut, Cosvs.kt = 0,85;
1.3.
PH TI CHIU SNG
Chiu sng trong cc chung c bao gm : chiu sng trong nh, chiu
sng ngoi nh, chiu sng v cm tng hm.
a. Chiu sng trong nh:

c tnh vo ph ti sinh hot chung ca chung c
( h s kcc = 1,05).
b. Chiu sng ngoi nh:
- Sut chiu sang : p0.cs = 0,03 kW/m
- Tng chiu di mch chiu sng : lcs.N = 5 . N . H = 5 . 12 . 3,7 = 222 m
Cng sut chiu sng ngoi nh l:
Pcs.N = p0.cs . lcs.N = 0,03 . 222 = 6,66 kW
c. Chiu sng v cm tng hm
Cng sut chiu sng v cm tn hm c xc nh theo cng thc:
PH = 30 . AH
Trong :
Tnh s b 30 W/m2 ;
AH : din tch sn nh. Din tch sng nh c tnh bng tng din tch
cc phng cng vi din tch hnh lang (ly bng 20% tng din tch cc
phng).
AH = 1,2
= 1,2(2 . 70 + 4 . 100 + 2 . 120) = 936 m2
Vy cng sut chiu sng v cm tng hm l:

PH = 30 . 936 = 28080 W = 28,08 kW
d. Tng hp ph ti chiu sng
Pcs = Pcs.N + PH = 6,66 + 28,08 = 34,74 kW
1.4. TNG HP PH TI
Tng hp ph ti theo phng php s gia: ghp nhm tng cp tn nh
nht ti ln dn gia Psh , Pl v Pcs .
Pl-cs = Pl + Pcs.kcs = Pl + Pcs[(
= 94,071 + 34,74[(
]=
] = 117,368 kW
Cosl-cs =
= 0,794
Pttcc = Pl-cs + Psh.ksh = Pl-cs + Psh[(

= 117,368 + 102,537[(
]=
] = 191,034 kW
H s cng sut trung bnh ton chung c.

Costb =
= 0,868
Xt thm tn tht trong mng in (10%), ta c s liu tnh ton ph ti

ton ton nh cho c chu k thit k 7 nm l:
Pttcc = 1,1 . Pttcc = 1,1 . 191,034 = 210,137 kW
Sttcc =
Qttcc =
= 120,214 kVAr
= 242,093 kVA
=
CHNG II
XC NH S CP IN
tng tin cy ca mng in, s c b tr hai ng dy h tr,
d phng cho nhau v c tnh ton mi ng dy c th mang ti an ton
khi c s c mt trong hai ng dy m khng l gim cht lng in trn
u vo ca cc h tiu th. Cc mch in sinh hot, chiu sng, thang my v
bm nc c xy dng c lp vi nhau. Mch chiu sng c trang thit b t
ng ng ngt theo chng trnh xc nh.
2.1. V tr trm bin p
V tr trm bin p (TBA) phi gn trung tm ph ti, thun tin cho
hng ngun ti, cho vic lp t cc tuyn dy, vn hnh, sa cha my bin
p (MBA), an ton v kinh t.
i vi ton nh chung c c xy dng cc thnh ph ln, vn
m qua ca khu nh cn c quan tm. TBA s c t trong tng hm ca
ta nh, s dng cc MBA kh m bo an ton v thun tin trong qu tnh
vn hnh.
Chn cp t ngun ti TBA ( tnh theo phng php Icp)
Icp
Trong :
Ilv.max : dng in cc i lu di chy trong dy dn;
Ilv.max =
= 6,353 A
Icp : dng in cho php ca dy dn tiu chun;

k1 : h s tnh n mi trng t dy, k1 = 1;
k2 : h s xt ti iu kin nh hng ca cc ng dy t gn nhau,
k2=1;
Chn loi cp vn xon li ng cp in p 24 kV c tit din 3 35

mm , cch in XLPE, v PVC c ai thp bo v do hng Furukawa ch to
Icp = 170 A.
2
2.2. Chn cn sut v s lng MBA

TBA c cp t ngun cch khu nh L = 67 m. S dng mt mch trung
th. V ph ti ta nh chung c cao tng thuc h loi II v III nn cc phng
n s dng MBA nh sau (c th c cc phng n khc ty thuc vo ngi
thit k) m bo khi chon cu hnh ca MBA th trong sut chu k thit k
khng phi tin hnh thay th hay nn cp TBA (tc l MBA v cc phn t
trong trm c chn theo cng sut ton phn nm cui ca chu k thit k).
- Phng n 1: 2 MBA, cng sut c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Ta chn MBA c SmB = 160 kVA.

- Phng n 2: 1 MBA v 1 MF d phng (cp in cho ph ti u tin).
SMF
Ssc =
SmB
Sttcc = 242,093 kVA
= 147,819 kVA
Ta chn MBA c SmB = 250 kVA

SMF = 150 kVA
- Phng n 3: 1 MBA.
SmB
Sttcc = 242,093 kVA
Ta chn MBA c SmB = 250 kVA
V chu k thit k l 7 nm, so snh cc phng n, chi ph quy dn
ca tng phng n c quy v nm u tin t0.
Bng thng s k thut ca my bin p.

SmB; kVA
in p;
kV
P0 ; kW)
Pk ; kW
Uk ; %
I0 ; %
160
22/0,4
0,5
2,95
250
22/0,4
0,64
4,1
a. Phng n 1:
Vn u t phng n 1:
V1 = VB1 = 1,6.(m + n.SmB1) = 1,6.(24,18 + 0,18.160).106 =
= 84,768.106
Trong : m, n : h s kinh t c nh v thay i ca trm bin p. i vi
cp in p 22/0,4 kV th m = 24,18.106 v n = 0,18.106 /kVA.
Thi gian tn tht ln nht.
= (0,124 + Tmax .10-4). 8760 = (0,124 + 4370Tmax .10-4). 8760 =
= 2756 h
Thit hi do mt in khi c s c nm th t.
Ytht = (kt.C . p0 .(1 + t) . ni .khi) .tf .gth
Tn tht in nng trong MBA nm th t.
AB1t =
+ 2 . P01 . 8760
Chi ph thng xuyn hng nm ca phng n 1.

C1t = AB1t . C + Ytht
Ph ti sinh hot nm th nht ca chu k thit k.
Psh1 = 1,05 . 0,3316. 1,83.(1 + 0,045) . 12(2 . 1 + 4 . 1,3 + 2 .1,5) =
= 81,449 kW
Cng sut tnh ton nm th nht.

Pttcc1 = Pl-cs + Psh1.ksh1 = Pl-cs + Psh1[(
= 117,368 + 81,449 [(
]=
] = 175,041 kW
H s cng sut trung bnh nm th nht.

Costb1 =
Sttcc1 =
= 0,859
= 203,773 kVA
Thit hi do mt in khi c s c nm th nht.

Yth1 = (kt.C . p0 .(1 + .1) . ni .khi) .tf .gth
= 0,3316 .1,83 .(1 + 0,045) .12 .(2 + 4 .1,3 + 2 .1,5) .24 .4500
= 8,3828 .106
Tn tht in nng trong my bin p nm th nht.
AB11 =
+ 2 . P01 . 8760 =
2756 + 2 .0,5 .8760 = 15353,6296 kWh
Chi ph tn tht nm th nht.

C1 = AB11 . C =15353,6296 .1000 = 15,3536 .106
Tng chi phi nm th nht
C1 = C1 + Yth1 = 15,3536 .106 + 8,3828 .106 = 23,7364 .106
Gi tr tng chi phi quy v hin ti PVC c xc nh theo biu thc
PVC =
=
min
= 0,91
C1 .1 = 23,7364 .106 . 0,91 = 21,6001 . 106

Tnh ton tng t cho cc nm, kt qu ghi bng sau.
A, kWh
Y.106
C. t
84,768
84,768
1 203,9043
15362,1314
8,3828
15,3621
23,7449
0,9091
21,5863
2 206,5852
15536,8774
8,7437
15,5369
24,2806
0,8264
20,0666
3 209,2766
15714,6057
9,1047
15,7146
24,8193
0,7513
18,6471
211,978
15895,3110
9,4657
15,8953
25,3610
0,6830
17,3219
5 214,6891
16078,9885
9,8267
16,0790
25,9057
0,6209
16,0854
6 217,4093
16265,6346
10,1877
16,2656
26,4533
0,5645
14,9322
7 220,1383
16455,2463
10,5486
16,4552
27,0039
0,5132
13,8573
tt Sttcc, kVA
0
C. 106
111308,7949 66,2599 111,3088 177,5687
207,2648
b. Phng n 2:
Vn u t phng n 2:
V2 = VB2 + 1,1.VMF = (m + n.SmB2 + 1,95.SmF) .106 =
= (24,18 + 0,18.250 + 1,95.150) .106 = 361,68 .106
Yth1 = (kt.C . p0 .(1 + .1) . ni .khi) .tf .gth
= 0,3316 .1,83 .(1 + 0,045) .12 .(2 + 4 .1,3 + 2 .1,5) .24 .4500
= 8,3828 .106
AB21 = Pk2
+ P02 . 8760 =
= 4,1
2756 + 0,64 .8760 = 13113,5714 kWh

C1 = (AB21 + AMF). C =13113,5714.1000 = 13,1136 .106
(do tn tht trong my pht in khng ng k nn ta c th b qua)
C1 = C1 + Yth1 = 13,1136 .106 + 8,3828 .106 = 21,4964 .106
C1 .1 = 21,4964 .106 . 0,91 = 19,5617 . 106
tt
Sttcc, kVA
A, kWh
Y.106
C. 106
C. t
361,68
361,68
203,9043 13123.2511
8,3828
13.1233
21.5060
0,9091
19.5509
206,5852 13322.2080
8,7437
13.3222
22.0659
0,8264
18.2363
209,2766 13524.5605
9,1047
13.5246
22.6293
0,7513
17.0017
211,978
13730.3023
9,4657
13.7303
23.1960
0,6830
15.8432
214,6891 13939.4281
9,8267
13.9394
23.7661
0,6209
14.7569
217,4093 14151.9339 10,1877 14.1519
24.3396
0,5645
13.7391
220,1383 14367.8162 10,5486 14.3678
24.9165
0,5132
12.7861
96159.5000 66,2599 96.1595 162.4194
473.5942
c. Phng n 3:
Vn u t phng n 3:
V1 = VB1 = m + n.SmB1 = (24,18 +0,18.250).106 = 69,18 .106

Yth1 = Pttcc1 .tf .gth = 175,041 .24 .4500 = 18,9044 .106
AB31 = Pk2
+ P02 . 8760 =
= 4,1
2756 + 0,64 .8760 = 13113,5714 kWh

C1 = AB31 . C =13113,5714.1000 = 13,1136 .106
C1 = C1 + Yth1 = 13,1136 .106 + 18,9044.106 = 32,018 .106
C1 .1 = 32,018 .106 . 0,91 = 29,1364 . 106
tt
Sttcc,
kVA
A, kWh
Y.106
C. 106
C. t
69.18
69.18
1 203,9043 13123.2511
18.9085 13.1233
32.0318
0,9091
29.1198
2 206,5852 13322.2080
19.1942 13.3222
32.5165
0,8264
26.8731
3 209,2766 13524.5605
19.4807 13.5246
33.0053
0,7513
24.7973
13730.3023
19.7678 13.7303
33.4982
0,6830
22.8797
5 214,6891 13939.4281
20.0557 13.9394
33.9951
0,6209
21.1083
6 217,4093 14151.9339
20.3442 14.1519
34.4961
0,5645
19.4721
7 220,1383 14367.8162
20.6333 14.3678
35.0011
0,5132
17.9611
211,978
96159.5000 138.3844 96.1595 234.5439
231.3914
Kt qu tng hp cc phng n chn my bin p.

Tham s
Phng n 1
Phng n 2
Phng n 3
Vn u t V, 106
84,768
361,68
69.18
A, kWh
111308,7949
96159.5000
96159.5000
Thit hi Y, 106
66,2599
66,2599
138.3844
PVC, 106
207,2648
473.5942
231.3914
T kt qu tnh ton, ta thy phng n 1 c PVC nh nht, nn chnh

l phng n ti u cn xc nh. Tm li ta chn trm bin p gm hai my
bin p SmB = 160 kVA c cp in p 22/0,4 do ABB ch to.
d. Chn cp t MBA sang t h th tng
Icp
Trong :
Ilv.max : dng in cc i lu di chy trong dy dn;
Ilv.max =
= 349,431 A
Icp : dng in cho php ca dy dn tiu chun;

k1 : h s tnh n mi trng t dy, k1 = 1;
k2 : h s xt ti iu kin nh hng ca cc ng dy t gn nhau,
k2=1;
Vy chn cp c Icp
349,431 A.
Chn loi cp vn xon li ng cp in p 0,6/1 kV c tit din 4 150

mm , cch in XLPE, v PVC c ai thp bo v do hng Furukawa ch to Icp
= 360 A.
2
2.3. La chn phng n i dy trong ta nh

Cc phng n i dy ch tnh ton cp cho ph ti sinh hot ti ti cc
tng l cn c so snh. Cp in cho cc ph ti u tin bao gm: thang my,
bm v chiu sng s c v thot him l ging nhau mi phng n nn
khng dng so snh trong bc ny. Ta c th vch ra cc phng n i dy
nh sau:
- Phng n 1: thit k hai ng cp trc, mt ng cp cho cc tng l
v mt ng cp cho cc tng chn.
- Phng n 2: mi nhm cc tng c cp t mt ng trc ring.
Chn dy dn cho ng trc chnh theo phng php tn tht in p
cho php. Tn tht in p cho php ton mng, t u cc h th MBA n
u h gia nh l 4,5%, c phn b nh sau: T MBA n t h th tng l
1%, t t h th tng ti t tng cui nhnh l 2,25%, t t tng cui n h xa
nht l 1,25%.
S b chn cp c x0 = 0,1 /km.
a. Tnh ton cho phng n 1.
1. Chn mch cp in cho cc tng l.
0
l01
l1-3
..
L9-11
11
Tng th
1
Tng th
3
Tng th
9
Tng th
11
PshT, QshT
PshT, QshT
PshT, QshT
PshT, QshT
- Tng cng sut trn cc tng l.

P11 = Pl =
= 6 . 12,936 = 77,616 kW
Cossh = 0,96
tgsh = 0,292
Q11 = Ql = Pl . tgsh = 77,616 . 0,292 = 22,664 kVAr
- Chn dy dn.
Tn tht in p.
Ux =
Trong :
Um = 380 V
l01: khon cch t t h th n im ti u tin (tng 1), l01=H+5= 8,7 m
lij = 5 . lij = 37 m
lij : khong cch gia cc tng l, lij = 2 . H = 7,4 m

tn tht in p phn khng.
Ux =
(8,7 +
) = 0,162 V
Tn tht in p tc dng.
Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,162 = 8,388 V
Ta c:
Ur =
(
F11 =
)=
(8,7 +
)
) = 12,452 mm2
Trong : Ucp = 2,25% .Um = 8,55 V, i vi dy ng ly = 18,8

(.mm2/km)
Chn cp vn xon li ng cch in XLPE, dai thp, v PVC, tit din
16mm ca hnh Furukawa sn xut c: r0 = 1,15 /km, x0 = 0,101 /km.
2
U11 =
=
= 6,553 V
)
(8,7 +
)+
)=
(8,7 +
)=
Nh vy cp c chn m bo yu cu v cht lng in p.

- Tn tht cng sut.
P11 =
(l01 +
)=
1,15 (8,7 +
= 1,096 kW
- Tn tht in nng.
A11 = P11 . = 1,096 . 2756 = 3020,576 kWh
- Vn u t ng dy.
V11 = v01.l = v01. (l01 + lij) = 53,76 .(8,7 + 37) .103 = 2,457.106
Trong :
v01 : vn y t ca cp XLPE -16, v01 = 53,76 .106 /km.
- Chi ph quy dn ca cc tng l.
Z11 = p.V11 + A11 .c = 0,11 . 2,457.106 + 3020,576 .1000 =
= 3,291 . 106
Trong :
p = atc + kkh =
+ 0,05 =
+ 0,05 = 0,11
i : h s chit khu, i = 0,1;

T : tui th cng trnh, T = 25 nm;
kkh : t l khu hao ca cc phn t trong mng in, kkh = 5% = 0,05;
atc : h s tiu chun s dng vn u t;
2. Chn mch cp in cho cc tng chn.
0
l01
L2-4
..
10
L10-12 12
Tng th
2
Tng th
4
Tng th
10
Tng th
12
PshT, QshT
PshT, QshT
PshT, QshT
PshT, QshT
Tnh ton tng t nh tng l ta c:

P12 = Pchn = Pl = 77,616 kW
Q12 = Qchn = Ql = 22,664 kVAr
l02: khon cch t t h th n im ti u tin (tng 2),
l01 = 2.H +5 = 12,4 m
Ux =
(12,4 +
) = 0,184 V
Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,184 = 8,366 V

(
F12 =
) =
(12,4 +
)=
= 14,183 mm2
16mm2 ca hnh Furukawa sn xut c: r0 = 1,15 /km, x0 = 0,101 /km.
U12 =
(12,4 +
)+
(12,4 +
= 7,258 V
P12 =
1,15 (12,4 +
) = 1,288 kW
A12 = P12 . = 1,288 .2756 = 3549,728 kWh

V12 = v01.l = v01. (l01 + lij) = 53,76 .(12,4 + 37).103 = 2,656.106
Z12 = p.V12 + A12 .c = 0,11 .2,656.106 + 3549,728 .1000
= 3,842 . 106
- Chi ph quy dn ca phng n 1:
Z1 = Z11 + Z12 = 3,291. 106 + 3,842 . 106 = 7,133 .106
b. Phng n 2.
Chia ta nh thnh 2 nhm tng: mt trc cp cho na tng di (t tng
1 n tng 6), mt trc cp cho na tng trn (t tng 7 n tng 12).
1. Chn mch cp cho na tng di.
l01
1 l1-2 2
...
Tnh ton tng t nh phng n 1:

P21 = 77,616 kW
Q21 = 22,664 kVAr
l01 = H +5 = 8,7 m
lij : khong cch gia cc tng, lij = H = 3,7 m
lij = 5 . H = 18,5 m
Ux =
(8,7 +
) = 0,107 V
Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,107 = 8,443 V

(
F21 =
) =
(8,7 +
= 8,164 mm2
2
U21 =
(8,7 +
)+
(8,7 +
= 6,826 V
P21 =
1,83 (8,7 +
) = 1,232 kW
A21 = P21 . = 1,232.2756 = 3395,392 kWh

V21 = v02.l = v02. (l01 + lij) =
= 46,76 .(8,7 + 18,5) .103 = 1,272 .106
Trong :
Z21 = p.V21 + A21 .c = 0,11 .1,272 .106 + 3395,392 .1000
= 3,535 . 106
2. Chn mch cp cho na tng trn.
l07
7 l7-8 8
12
P22 = 77,616 kW
Q22 = 22,664 kVAr
l07 = 7.H +5 = 30,9 m
lij : khong cch gia cc tng, lij = H = 3,7 m
lij = 5 . H = 18,5 m
Ux =
(30,9 +
) = 0,239 V
Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,239 = 8,311 V

F22 =
) =
(30,9 +
= 18,551 mm2
2
U22 =
(30,9 +
)+
(30,9 +
= 6,214 V
P22 =
0,73 (30,9 +
) = 1,225 kW
A22 = P22 . = 1,225 .2756 = 3376,1 kWh

V22 = v03.l = v03. (l07 + lij) = 84,84 .(30,9 + 18,5) .103
= 4,191 .106
Trong :
Z22 = p.V22 + A22 .c = 0,11 . 4,191.106 + 3376,1 .1000
= 3,837 . 106
- Chi ph quy dn ca phng n 2:
Z2 = Z21 + Z22 = 3,535. 106 + 837 .106 = 7,327 .106
c. So snh hai phng n.
Ta c kt qu ca hai phng n bng sau.
Phng n
1
2
V, 106 ng
C, 106 ng
Z, 106 ng
5,113
6,570
7,644
5,463
6,771
7,919
T kt qu trn ta chn phng n 1.
2.4.
Chn dy cp cho mch thang my
T thang my c t trn tng cao nht ca ton nh, do chiu di

mch thang my (t t phn phi tng n tng 12) l:
ltm = 5 + 12 .H = 5 + 12 .3,7 = 49,4 m
Cng sut phn khng ca thang my.
Ptm = 18,203 kW
Costm = 0,65
tgtm = 1,169
Qtm = Ptm . tgtm = 18,203 . 1,169 = 21,279 kVAr

Thnh phn tn hao in p phn khng.
Ux =
= 0,275 V
Thnh phn t hao in p tc dng.

Ur = Ucp Ux = 4,75 0,275 = 4,475 V
Tin din dy dn.
Ftm =
= 9,941 mm2

10mm2 ca hnh Furukawa sn xut c: r0 = 1,83 /km, x0 = 0,109 /km.
Tn tht in p.
U =
= 4,632 V
Ucp

2.5. Chn dy cp cho mch bm.
1. Dy dn cp cho mch bm b bi.
T bm b bi c t trn tng thng, do chiu di mch bm b
bi (chiu di t t h th tng ti tng thng) l:
lbb = 5 + 13.H = 5 + 13 . 3,7 = 53,1 m

Cng sut phn khng ca thang my.
Pbb = 2 . 4,5 = 9 kW
Cosb = 0,8
tgb = 0,75
Qbb = Ptm . tgb = 9 . 0,75 = 6,75 kVAr

Thnh phn tn hao in p phn khng.
Ux =
= 0,094 V
Thnh phn t hao in p tc dng.

Ur = Ucp Ux = 4,75 0,094 = 4,701 V
Tin din dy dn.
Fbb =
= 5,029 mm2
Ta chn cp PVC li ng tit din 6 mm2 c r0 = 3,33 /km v

x0 = 0,09 /km.
Tn tht in p.
U =
= 4,27V
Ucp

2. Chn dy cp cho mch bm sinh hot, thot nc v c ha.
T cp cho bm sinh hot, thot nc v cu ha c t di tng hm
v cch t h th tng 20 m, do chiu di ca mch l lb = 20 m.
Tng cng sut cc bm sinh hot, thot nc v cu ha.
Pb = knc.b ( Pi ) = 0,65 .(30 + 6 .5,6 + 6 .1,2 +2 .7,5 + 2 .4,5) =
= 61,62 kW
Trong :
knc.b :h s nhu cu ca nhm bm, i vi tng s bm bng 17
c knc.b = 0,65.
Qb = Pb .tgb = 61,62 . 0,75 = 42,215 kVAr
Ux =
= 0,222 V
Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,222 = 8,328 V

Trong : Ucp = 2,25%Um = 8,55 V
Fb =
= 7,321 mm2

2
U =
= 6,177 V
Ucp

2.6. Chn cp cho mch chiu sng.
1. Chiu sng trong nh.
Do khng c s liu c th nn ta c th coi chiu di mch chi sng
trong nh bng 4,5 ln chiu cao ca ton nh, do :
lcs.T = 4,5 . H . N = 4,5 . 3,7 . 12 = 199,8 m
Chn h thng chiu sng trong nh l mng in mt pha 220 V, tn hao
in p cho php l Ucp = 2,5%Um = 0,025 . 220 = 5,5 V.
lcs.T
S mng in chiu sng trong nh.

Pcs.T = 0,05 . kt.C .p0-7 .N .(n1kh1 + n2kh2 + n3kh2) =
= 0,05 .0,3316 .2,406 .12 .(2 + 4 .1,3 + 3 .1,5) = 4,883 kW
Coscs.T = 0,96 tgcs.T = 0,292
Qcs.T = Pcs.T . tgcs.T = 4,883 . 0,292 = 1,426kVAr

M men ti ca mch chiu sng trong nh.
M = Pcs.T . lcs.T / 2 = 4,883 . 199,8/2 = 487,712 kW.m
Tit din dy dn ca mch chiu sng trong nh.
Fcs.T =
= 6,334 mm2
Chn dy cp PVC tit din 10 mm2 c r0 = 2 /km v x0 = 0,08 /km.

Tn tht in p thc t.
Ucs.T =
= 3,484 V
Ucp

Trong : C1 gi tr ca h s C tnh ton mng in chiu sng, ng vi
mng in mt dy in p 220 V ng dy li ng c C1 = 14.
2. Chn cp cho mch chiu sng ngoi nh.
Chiu di mch chiu sng lcs.N = 222 m v c chia lm 3 on nh
sau. on OA c l1 = 20 m, on AB c l2 = 100 m v on AC c l3 = 102 m.
Sut chiu sng l p0 = 0,03 kW/m, tn tht in p cho php l Ucs.N = 2,5 %.
Cc dy dn trn trc ngun O n im B c xy dng vi 4 dy dn, cc
nhnh r AC thuc loi 2 pha c dy trung tnh.
Cng sut tnh ton chy trn cc on dy.
PAB = p0 . l2 = 0,03 . 100 = 3 kW
PAC = p0 . l3 = 0,03 . 102 = 3,06 kW
POA = PAB + PAC = 3 + 3,06 = 6,06 kW
0
l1
l2
l3
C
S mng in chiu sng ngoi tri.
Mmen ti trn cc on dy.

MOA = POA . ll = 6,06 . 20 = 121,2 kWm
MAB = PAB . l2/2 = 3 . 100/2 = 150 kWm
MAC = PAC . l3/2 = 3,06 . 102/2 = 156,06 kWm
Mmen quy i
Mq = MOA + ( MAB + MAC )
= 121,2 + 1,39.( 150 + 156,06 ) = 546,623 kWm
Tit din dy dn trn on dy OA
FOA =
= 5,909 mm2
Ta chn cp PVC li ng tit din 6 mm2 c r0 = 3,33 / km v

x0 = 0,09 / km.
Trong :
C : Gi tr tnh ton chiu sng
C = 83 H thng in p li ba pha c dy trung tnh
C = 37 H thng in p li hai pha c dy trung tnh
: H s ph thuc vo cu trc mng in = 1,39
Hao tn in p thc trn on OA
= 1,098 %
Hao tn in p trn cc on cn li
UAB = UAC = Ucp -U0A = 2,5 1,098 = 1,402 %
Tit din dy dn trn cc on AB v AC l:
FAB =
= 2,892mm2
Vy ta chn cp PVC li ng tit din 4 mm2 c r0 = 5 / km v

x0 = 0,09 / km.
FAC =
= 3,008 mm2
Vy ta chn cp PVC li ng tit din 4 mm2 c r0 = 5 / km v

x0 = 0,09 / km.
Hao tn thc t trn on AB v AC l:
UAB =
UAC =
= 1,014 %
= 1,054 %
Tng hao tn thc t trong mch chiu sng ngoi tri l:

Ucs= UAB+UAC= 1,014 + 1,054 = 2,068 % < 2,5%
Vy dy dn chn p ng yu cu.
3. Chiu sng v cm tng hm
V khng c s liu c th nn ta gi thit ta nh c xy dng trn
mt mt bng hnh vung. Chiu di mi cnh l :
a=
31 m
Chiu di mch chiu sng v cm tng hm ly bng hai ln chu vi mt

bng ton nh :
lH = 8 . 31 = 248 m
Chn h thng chiu sng trong nh l mng in mt pha, in p
220 V, tn hao in p cho php l Ucp = 2,5%Um = 0,025 . 220 = 5,5 V.
PH = 28,08 kW
CosH = 0,85
tgH = 0,62
QH = PH . tgH = 28,08 . 0,62 = 17,41 kVAr

M men ti ca mch.
M = PH. lH/ 2 = 28,08 . 248/2 = 3481,92 kW.m
Tit din dy dn ca mch chiu sng trong nh.
FH =
= 44,401 mm2
Chn dy cp PVC tit din 50 mm2 c r0 =0,4 /km v x0 = 0,06 /km.

Tn tht in p thc t.
Ucs.T =
= 4,195 V
Ucp

Kt qu s liu tnh chn dy dn
P
Cc nhnh
(kW)
r0
x0
(kVAr) (/km) (/km)
U%
(m)
TBA n t phn
phi tng
210,137 120,214
0,12
0,077
20
0,48
T t
phn
phi
n cc
tng
Tng chn
77,616
22,664
1,15
0,101
49,4
1,91
Tng l
77,616
22,664
1,15
0,101
45,7
1,72
18,203
21,279
1,83
0,109
49,4
1.219
B bi
6,75
3,33
0,09
53,1
1,124
Sinh hot,
c ha
61,62
42,215
1,83
0,109
20
1,625
Chiu sng trong nh
4,883
1,426
0,08
199,8
0,917
Chiu sng tng hm
28,08
17,41
0,4
0,06
248
1,906
Thang my
Trm
bm
Chiu
AO
6,06
3,757
3,33
0,09
20
1,098
Sng
AB
1,86
0,09
100
1,014
ngoi
AC
3,06
1,897
0,09
102
1,054
CHNG III
TNH TON CH MNG IN
1. Tn hao in p trn ng dy v trm bin p
- Tn tht in p trong my bin p.
UT =
Trong :
RT =
103 =
XT =
= 27,887 m
10 =
= 60,5 m
UT =
= 597 V
- Tn tht t TBA n t h th tng

U1 =
20
= 1,814 V
2. Tn tht cng sut v in nng trong mng
Trm bin p
- Tn tht cng sut
PT =
QT =
= 3,377 kW
= 7,326 kVAr
- Tn tht in nng .
AT = PT . + P0 .t = 3,377 .2756 + 2.0,5 .8760 =
= 18067,012 kWh
T trm bin p n t h th tng
- Tn tht cng sut tc dng.
P1 =
r0 .l1 .10-6 =
0,12. 20. 10-6
= 0,974 kW
Q1=
x0 .l1 .10-6 =
= 0,625 kVAr
- Tn tht in nng.
0,077. 20. 10-6
A1 = P1 . = 0,974 . 2756 = 2684,344 kWh

Tnh ton tng t cho cc on cn li k qu c ghi bng sau:
P
(kW)
(kVAr)
(kWh)
(V)
3,377
7,326
13687,012
597
0,974
0,625
2684,344
1,814
Tng chn
1,288
0,113
3549,728
7,258
Tng l
1,096
0,096
3020,576
6,553
0,491
0,029
1353,196
4,632
B bi
0,155
0,004
427,18
4,27
Sinh hot, c
ha
0,422
0,084
1163,032
6,177
Chiu sng trong nh
0,071
0,003
195,676
3,484
Chiu sng tng hm
0,746
0,005
10277,124
4,195
Cc nhnh
Trm bin p
TBA n t h th tng
T t h
th tng
n cc
tng
Thang my
Trm
bm
Chiu
AO
0,07
0,002
192,92
2,416
Sng
AB
0,042
0,0002
115,752
3,084
ngoi
AC
0,045
0,0008
124,02
3,084
CHNG VI
CHN V KIM TRA THIT B
1. Tnh ton ngn mch
S li
l1
l2
N3
N2
HT
BA
N1
Coi h thng c cng sut v cng ln (Xht = 0); b qua in tr ca cc

thit b ph. My bin p c thng s: Sm = 160 kVA, PN = 2,95 kW,
UN = 4%.
l1 = 20 m : Chiu di t trm bin p n t h th tng.
l2 = 49,4 m : Chiu di t t phn phi tng n t phn phi tng 12.
S thay th.
N1
EHT
N1
EHT
N3
N2
N2
EHT
N3
in tr v in khng trm bin p quy v pha h p.

Um = 0,38 kV
RT =
XT =
.106 =
. 106 = 8,32 m
104 =
= 18,05 m
Thng s cc on ng dy
R1 = r1 . l1 = 0,12 . 20 = 2,4 m
X1 = x1 . l1 = 0,077 . 20 = 1,54 m
R2 = r2 . l2 = 1,15 . 49,4 = 56,81 m
X2 = x2 . l2 = 0,101 . 49,4 = 4,989 m
- Tnh ngn mch N1.
Tng tr ngn mch ti im N1:
Zk1 =
=
Dng in ngn mch ba pha:
=
= 19,875 m
= 0,011 kA
Dng in xung kch:

ixk1 = 1,8 . .
= 1,8 . . 0,011 = 0,028 kA
- Tnh ngn mch N2.
Zk2 =
=
=
= 22,331 m
= 0,01 kA
Dng in xung kch:

ixk2 = 1,8 . .
= 1,8 . . 0,01 = 0,025 kA
- Tnh ngn mch N3.
Zk3 =
=
=
= 71,864 m
= 0,003 kA
Dng in xung kch:

ixk3 = 1,8 . .
= 1,8 . . 0,003 = 0,008 kA
Bng kt qu tnh ton ngn mch.
im
ngn
mch
N1
RN
(m)
XN
(m)
8,32
N2
N3
ZN
(m)
IN
(kA)
IxkN
(kA)
18,05
0,011
0,028
10,72
19,59
0,01
0,025
33,03
24,579
0,003
0,008
2. Chn v kim tra thit b trm bin p

chn v kim tra thit b in ta gi thit thi gian ct ca bo v l
tk = 0,5s.
Dng lm vic bnh thng pha cao p
Ilv =
= 6,353 A
- Chn cu chi cao p.

Cn c vo dng lm vic ta chn cu ch cao p loi 3GD1 202-3B do
hng Siemens ch to c Um = 24 kV, Im = 10 A.
- Chn dao cch ly cao p.
Chn dao cch ly 3DC do hng Siemens ch to.
- Chn chng st van cao p
Chn chng st van loi C24 do Php sn xut.
3. Chn v kim tra thit b ca t phn phi
- Chn thanh ci.
Dng lm vic qua thanh ci
Ilv =
= 360,238 A
Thanh ci dt bng ng tit din (c Jkt = 2,1).

Ftc =
= 171,542 mm2
Ta chn thanh ci 40 5 = 200 mm2 .

Thanh ci c kim tra iu kin n nh nhit theo iu kin
Fmin.tc =
106 = 48,919 mm2
200 mm2
Trong :
Ct : h s ca vt liu, i vi ng Ct = 159;
tk : thi gian ngn mch, tk = 0,5s;
kim tra n nh ng: chn khong vt ca thanh ci l l = 100 cm,
khong chc gia cc pha l a = 60 cm;
Mmen un:
M = 1,76.10-8.
= 1,76.
104 = 229,973 kG.cm
Mmen chng un:

W = 0,167 . b2 . h = 0,167 . 0,52 . 5 = 0,209 cm3
ng sut:
tt =
= 1100,349 kG/cm2
cp = 1400 kG/cm2
Vy iu kin n nh ng m bo.
- Chn s cch in
Ta chn s O-35-750 c U = 35 kV; lc ph hy Fph = 750 kG
Lc cho php trn u s Fcp = 0,6 . Fph = 0,6. 750 = 450 kG
Lc tnh ton.
Ftt = 1,76.10-8.l
= 1,76 .104 .100
= 22,997 kG
H s hiu chnh .
k = H/H = 17,5/15 = 1,17
Lc tnh ton hiu chnh.
kFtt = 1,17 . 22,997 = 26,906 < Fcp = 450 kG
Vy s chn m bo.
- Cp sau trm bin p
Chn theo iu kin hao tn in p cho php nh trnh by trn.
Kim tra n nh nhit ca cp chn
Fmin1 =
106 = 44,472 mm2
F1 = 150 mm2
Vy cp c chn m bo iu kin n nh nhit.

Fmin2 =
106 = 13,342 mm2
F2 =16 mm2
Vy cp c chn m bo iu kin n nh nhit.

- Chn aptmat
Aptmat A0 bo l tng.
Aptmat A1 bo v cho mch sinh hot.
Aptmat A2 bo v mch ng lc.
Aptmat A3 bo v cho mi mch trm bm.
Aptmat A4 bo v mch thang my.
Aptmat A5 bo v mch cho mi mch chiu sng.
Aptmat A6 bo v cho mi mch gm 2 tng.
Aptmat A7 bo v cho mch in mi tng.
1. Bo v l tng.
Cn c vo dng lm vic ln nht xc nh trn Ilv = 360,238A Ta
chn aptmat loi SA403-H ca Nht vi dng in nh mc l 400A.
2. Bo v mch sinh hot.
Dng in lm vic ln nht ca mng in sinh hot.

Ish =
= 162,28 A
Chn aptmat loi EA203-G ca Nht vi dng in nh mc l 175A.

3. Bo v mch ng lc.
Dng nh mc quy v ch lm vic di hn
Ptm
I tm
3 U cos tm
18,203
3 0,38 0,65
= 42,549 A
Dng nh mc ca nhm bm sinh hot, thot nc, cu ha.

Ib
Pb
61,62
3 U cos b
3 0,38 0,8
= 117,027 A
Dng nh mc ca nhm bm b bi.

Pbb
I bb
3 U cos b
9
3 0,38 0,8
= 17,093 A
Dng khi ng ca aptmat c xc nh theo biu thc

n 1
Ik
ni
+ (Itm + Ib + Ibb ) =
+ 42,549 + 117,027 + 17,093 = 309,369 A
Trong : = 2;
Dng m my ca ng c ln nht (ca bm vi cng sut 30 kW).
Imm.Max = kmm . In.Max = 4,5 .
= 265,389 A
Dng khi ng ct nhanh ca aptomat phi tha mn iu kin

Ik.cn
1,25 . Imm.Max = 1,25 . 265,389 = 331,736 A
Chn aptmat loi SA403-H ca Nht vi dng in nh mc l 350A.

4. Mch trm bm
V my bm 30 kW cng l ng c c cng sut max nn ta c

Ik
+ Ib + Ibb =
+ 117,027 + 17,093 = 240,276 A
Trong : b = 2,5 (lm vic ngn hn)

Dng khi ng ct nhanh
Ik.cn
1,25 . Immb = 1,25 . 265,389 = 331,736 A
Chn aptmat loi SA403-H ca Nht vi dng in nh mc l 350A.

5. Bo v thang my.
Dng nh mc quy v ch lm vic di hn
I tm
Ptm
3 U cos tm
18,203
3 0,38 0,65
= 42,549 A
Dng m my ca thang my (thang my ln Ptm.l = 16 kW).

Imm.tml= kmm . Itm.l = 4.
= 149,597 A
Dng khi ng ca aptomat c xc nh theo biu thc

Ik
+ Itm =
+ 42,549 = 102,388 A
Trong : tm = 2,5
Dng khi ng ct nhanh
Ik.cn
1,25 . Imm.tml = 1,25 . 149,597 = 186,996 A

6. Bo v chiu sng.
Vi mch chiu sng trong ta c: mch chiu sng c cng sut ln nht
l chiu sng tng hm.
Dng lm vic ln nht:
IH
PH
28,08
= 150 A
U cos cs 0,22 0,85
Trong mch chiu sng tng hm ta dng dy dn c tit din 50 mm2 vi

dng cho php Icp = 206 A , kc = 1,1
Dng nh mc ca cu chy c xc nh trong khong
150 In
I cp
kc
= 187,273
Vy ta chn cu chy K-2 c dng nh mc In = 160 A .

7. Bo v mch gm 2 tng.
Dng lm vic ln nht
I 2.T
P2.T
3 U cos sh
2 12,639
3 0,38 0,96
= 40,006 A

8. Bo v mch gm 1 tng.
Dng lm vic ln nht
IT
PT
3 U cos sh
12,639
3 0,38 0,96
= 20,088 A
Dng khi ng
(A)
Tnh
nh
ton
mc
(5)
(6)
Mch bo
v
K
hiu
S
lng
Loi
Aptmt
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
L tng
A0
SA403-H
360,238
400
Sinh hot
A1
EA203-G
162,28
175
ng lc
A2
SA403-H
309,369
350
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(2)
Trm bm
A3
SA403-H
240,276
350
Thang my
A4
EA203-G
102,388
200
Hai tng
A6
EA53-G
40,006
50
Mt tng
A7
12
EA53-G
20,088
30
Chiu sng
A5
P-2
98,921
160
- Chn TI
Bin dng cho cng t tng
Cn c vo gi tr dng in chy trn on dy tng Ilv = 360,238 A ta
chn my bin dng loi TKM-0,5 c in p dnh mc l 0,5kV, dng nh
mc pha s cp l 400 A ,h s bin dng ki = 400/5 = 80, cp chnh xc 10%,
cng sut nh mc pha nh th l 5VA. Kim tra ch lm vic ca cng t
khi ph ti cc tiu. Cng t lm vic bnh thng nu dng nh th khi ph ti
cc tiu ln hn dng sai s 10% (I10% = 0,1.5 = 0,5A)
Dng in khi ph ti nh nht bng 25%ph ti tnh ton.
Imin = 0,25. Ilv = 0,25 . 360,238 = 90,06 A
Dng in nh th khi ph ti cc tiu.
I1min = Imin/Ki = 90,06/80= 1,126 A > 0,5 A
Vy my bin dng lm vic bnh thng khi ph ti cc tiu.
4. Kim tr ch khi ng ca cc ng c
Kim tra nh hng ca ch lm vic ca thang my i vi cht
lng in.
lch in p khi khi ng ng c.
U k
ZB Zd
100
Z B Z d z dc
C
BA
T kt qu tnh ton trn ta c

RB = 27,887 m ; XB = 60,5 m
Rd1 = R1 = 2,4 m ; Xd1 = X2 = 1,54 m
Rd2 = R2 = 56,81 m; Xd2 = X2 = 4,989 m
Tng tr ng c lc m my
Zdc = Xdc =
U m
3 I tm.l k mm
ZT =
Zd1 =
Zd2 =
380
3 37,399 4,5
= 1,304
= 19,875 m
= 2,851 m
= 57,029 m
Vy : lch in p khi khi ng ng c

U k
ZB Zd
19 ,857 2,851 57 ,029
100 =
100
Z B Z d z dc
19 ,857 2,851 57 ,029 1304
= 5,762 % < 40%

Vy ch khi ng l n nh
CHNG V
THIT K MNG IN CM H
1. S thit b
S mng in cn h c th hin trn hnh 6.2. Mt aptomat tng hai
cc c lp t ti bng in u vo, cng t in c th lp t phn phi
tng hoc bng in cn h. Cc mch in cho chiu sng, cm, bp in
v nh tm c thit k c lp vi nhau. Mi mch in c bo v bi
aptomat nhnh v aptomat chng dng r (RCD Residual Current Device )
S mng in cn h
2. Tnh ton mng in trong nh

Dy dn c chn sao cho mng in c th lm vic bnh thng m
khng b s c qu nhit, mun vy gi tr dng in cc i c th xut hin
trong mch khng vt c qu gi tr dng in cho php i vi tng loi
dy dn.
I M Icp
n tbi
I M k dt . Ilv.i
i 1
Trong :
Ilv.i : Dng in lm vic ca thit b th i;
kt : H s ng thi, ph thuc vo cng sut v s lng thit b in
c cung cp;
ntbi : S lng thit b c cung cp bi on dy xt;
Icp : Gi tr dng in cho php cc i ca dy dn chn;
Gi tr dng ph ti cho php ca dy dn c xc nh theo biu thc:
Icp = khc. Icp.n
Trong :
Icp : Dng in cho php ng vi tng loi dy dn;
Icp.n : Dng in cho php lu di ca dy dn trong trong iu kin
bnh thng;
khc h s hiu chnh theo iu kin thc t:
khc= k1k2.k3
k1 : H s ph thuc vo phng thc lp t dy dn;
k2 : H s ph thuc vo s lng dy cp t chung trong ho cp;
k3 : H s hiu chnh, ph thuc vo nhit trung bnh thc t ti ni
lp t;
Gi tr dng in lm vic c xc nh ph thuc vo loi mng in

nh sau
Mng in mt pha
Ilv
S ,A
U ph
Mng in 2 pha mc theo mng in 3 pha

In p pha
Ilv
S ,A
2.U ph
Ilv
S ,A
3.U n
S : Cng sut truyn ti trn ng dy, kVA;

Un, Uph : in p dy v in p pha, kV.
Cp sau khi chn c kim tra:
* Theo iu kin hao tn in p: Hao tn in p thc t trn ng dy
khng c vt qu gi tr cho php:
P.r0 Q.x 0
l UcP
Un
Trong :
P, Q - cng sut tc dng v phn khng chy trn on cp, kW v
kVAr;
r0 , x0 - sut in tr tc dng v phn khng ca on cp, /km;
l - chiu di on cp, km;
Un in p nh mc ca ng dy, kV;
Ucp hao tn in p cho php trn on cp, gi tr hao tn in p cho
php trong mng h p t thanh ci trm bin p phn phi n u vo thit b
l Ucp = 5% i vi ph ti chiu sng v Ucp=7,5% i vi cc ph ti khc.
* Kim tra ch n nh nhit: m bo ch n nh nhit khi c
dng ngn mch chy qua tit din ca cp phi ln hn gi tr ti thiu xc
nh theo biu thc:
Fmin
Ik t k
;
Ct
Trong :
Ik gi tr dng in ngn mch ba pha chy qua thit b, A;
tk thi gian tn ti ca dng ngn mch, s;
Ct h s c trng ca dy cch in, ph thuc vo vt liu dn in
cho trong 25.pl. Trong trng hp thiu thng tin c th ly gi tr trung
bnh theo bng 5.3.
Bng gi tr h s Ct
Cch in
Dn ng
Dy nhm
PVC(Polychlorure inyle)
115
76
PR(Polyethylenereticul)
143
94
Thit k cung cp in cho mt cn h gm c 1 phng bp, 1 phng

khch, 3 phng ng. Ta c bng chn dy dn v thit b bo v s b nh sau:
Thit b bo v
STT
Tn thit b
Cng tc cho
bnh nng lnh
cm cho thit
b truyn thng
cm 3 cc cho
iu ha
2
3
S
Cng sut Dy dn
lng d kin
Loi
K hiu
2x1000W
4mm2
2x400W
6mm2
nt
EA52G-30A
1,5mm2
nt
EA52G-16A
2,5mm2
Cu
chy
Cu
chy
P-10A
cm
11
n lp bn cu
m
7x75W
1,5mm2
Aptomat EA52G-20A
P-16A
6
7
n hunh
quang; 1,2m
n trang tr gn
tng
4x40W
4x60W
Qut thng gi
40W
1,5mm2
cm cho my
git
800W
2,5mm2
Aptomat EA52G-20A
CHNG VI
TNH TON NI Y TRM BIN P
Ni t l bin php an ton trong h thng cung cp in. i vi trm
bin p phn phi h thng ni t c in tr ni t Rnd 4.
ni t cho trm bin p, ta s dng cc in cc ni t chn trc
tip trong t, cc dy ni t dng ni lin cc b phn c ni t vi cc
in cc ni t. C th y ta d nh ni t vi h thng ni t bao gm
cc cc ni t lm bng thp gc L 60 x 60 x 6mm, di 2,5m chn su 0,8m.
Cc cc chn cch nhau 5m v c ni vi nhau bng cc thanh thp ni c b
rng 4cm to thnh mch vng ni t. Cc thanh ni c chn su 0,8m.
- Xc nh in tr ni t ca mt cc.
in tr sut .cm (tra theo loi t) ca t bin i trong phm vi
rng. Tr s ma ma v ma kh khc xa nhau nn trong tnh ton phi chnh
theo h s ma.
Loi t
10 4 .cm
Loi t
10 4 .cm
Ct
t vn
0,4
Ct ln t
t en
t st
0,6
Tra bng 2- 1 Hng dn thit k tt nghip k thut in cao p ca tc

gi Nguyn Minh Chc, vi ni t an ton v lm vic ta c:
H s ma ca cc 23m, chn su 0,50,8m: kmuaC = 1,22,0 (ly =2,0).
H s ma ca thanh khi t ngang su 0,8m: kmuaT = 1,57 (ly =3,0).
in tr ni t ca 1 cc:
R1c 0,00298 . .k mua = 0,00298 . 0,6.104. 2 = 35,76
- Xc nh s b s cc:
S cc c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
n
35,76
Rtc
=
= 14,9 chn n = 16 cc
0,6 4
c .Rd
V khong cch cc cc l 5 m ; phn b u theo chu vi tram bin p

l = 5.16 = 80 m y cng chnh l chiu di mch vng to bi cc thanh ni
Trong :
Rtc: in tr ni t ca 1 cc, .
Rd: in tr ni t ca thit b ni t theo quy nh,.
c: H s s dng ca cc, tra bng c = 0,6
-
Xc nh in tr ca thanh ni
in tr ca thanh ni c xc nh theo cng thc:
Rt
0,366 0,6.10 4 3 2 80002

0,366. .k 2.l 2
= 4,613
lg
=
. lg
8000
l
4 80
b.t
Trong :
: in tr sut ca t chn su thanh nm ngang, /km.

l: Chiu di mch vng to bi cc thanh ni, cm.
b: B rng thanh ni, cm. Ly b = 4cm.
t: Chiu su chn thanh ni, t = 0,8m
Tra bng tm c t = 0,45.
in tr thc t ca thanh ni t:
Rt'
Rt
4,613
=
= 10,251
t
0,45
in tr ca ton b s cc
Rc
4 Rt'
4 10 ,251
=
= 6,560
'
10 ,251 4
Rt 4
S cc thc t phi ng
n
35,76
R1c
=
= 9,085
c .R c
0,6 6,56
chn n = 10
Kim tra li: in tr ca h thng ni t
Rht
R1c .Rt
35,76 4,613
= 1,043 < Ryc = 4

R1c . t .n Rt . c 35,76 0,45 10 4,613 0,6
Cc
Thanh ni
0,7m
0,8m
2,5m
TBA
S mt bng v mt ct ca h thng ni t.
CHNG VII
HCH TON CNG TRNH
Bng thit b v gi thnh ca chng.
TT
Tn thit
b
Quy cch
n v
S
lng
n gi,
103
V.106
Trm bin
p
2.TM
160/22
ci
52,980
84,768
Cu chy
cao p
3GD1 2023B
2000
2,0
Chng st
van cao p
C24
1700
1,7
Dao cch
ly
3DC
2500
2,5
V t in
ci
1000
Cp cao p
XLPE-35
67
176,4
11,819
Cp h p
XLPE-150
20
236,32
4,726
Na tng
di
XLPE-16
45,7
53,76
2,457
Na tng
trn
XLPE-16
49,4
53,76
2,656
10
Thang my
XLPE-10
49,4
46,76
2,310
11
Bm b
bi
XLPE-6
53,1
42,28
2,245
12
Bm
XLPE-10
20
46,76
0,935
13
Chiu sng
trong nh
PVC-10
199,8
33,5
6,693
14
OA
PVC-6
20
42,28
0,846
15
AB
PVC4
100
25,34
2,534
16
AC
PVC-4
102
25,34
2,585
17
Cu dao
850
0,85
18
Aptmat
tng
SA403-H
ci
8000
19
aptomat
sinh hot
SA403-H
ci
2300
2,3
20
Aptmat
tng
EA53-G
ci
12
450
5,4
21
Aptmat 2
tng
EA53-G
ci
500
3,0
22
Aptmat
ng lc
SA403-H
ci
2300
2,3
23
Aptmat
thang my
EA203-G
ci
1800
1,8
24
Cu chy
chiu sng
P-2
ci
50
0,05
25
Khi ng
t
ME-211
ci
20
1500
30
26
Bin dng
TKM-0,5
300
0,9
27
Ampeke
0-200A
ci
400
1,6
28
Vonke
0-500V
ci
10
310
3,1
29
Cng t 3
pha
ci
10
600
30
Thanh ci
kg
60
0,48
M, 40 5
31
S thanh
ci
32
B m
trm
33
Cc tip
a
34
Thanh ni
35
O-35-750
60 60 6
mm2
ci
50
0,45
3500
3,5
Cc
10
100
22
15
0,33

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CHNG I

TNH TON NHU CU PH TI

Psh.T = kcc . kt.T . p0-7

Ni suy theo bng 1.pl ta c:

ni : s cn h loi i (c cng din tch);

Vy ph ti sinh hot tng tng cui chu k thit k l:

kt.C = 0,35 + (96 50)

Vy ph ti sinh hot ton chung c cui chu l thit k l:

Ph ti ng lc trong cc khu chung c bao gm ph ti cc thit b dch

= knc.tm ( Ptm1 + Ptm2)

knc.tm : h s nhu cu ca nhm ph ti thang my. Theo bng 2.pl ta c:

Do thang my lm vic ch ngn hn lp li nn cng sut ca

: h s tip in ca thang my th i, 1 = 2 = 0,6;

Cng sut tnh ton ca nhm thang my l:

knc.vskt : h s nhu cu ca nhm bm v sinh k thut;

Vy cng sut tnh ton ca nhm bm v sinh k thut l:

a. Chiu sng trong nh:

= 1,2(2 . 70 + 4 . 100 + 2 . 120) = 936 m2

Vy cng sut chiu sng v cm tng hm l:

Pttcc = Pl-cs + Psh.ksh = Pl-cs + Psh[(

H s cng sut trung bnh ton chung c.

Xt thm tn tht trong mng in (10%), ta c s liu tnh ton ph ti

Icp : dng in cho php ca dy dn tiu chun;

Chn loi cp vn xon li ng cp in p 24 kV c tit din 3 35

2.2. Chn cn sut v s lng MBA

Ta chn MBA c SmB = 160 kVA.

Sttcc = 242,093 kVA

Ta chn MBA c SmB = 250 kVA

Bng thng s k thut ca my bin p.

Chi ph thng xuyn hng nm ca phng n 1.

Cng sut tnh ton nm th nht.

H s cng sut trung bnh nm th nht.

Thit hi do mt in khi c s c nm th nht.

2756 + 2 .0,5 .8760 = 15353,6296 kWh

Chi ph tn tht nm th nht.

C1 .1 = 23,7364 .106 . 0,91 = 21,6001 . 106

111308,7949 66,2599 111,3088 177,5687

2756 + 0,64 .8760 = 13113,5714 kWh

Chi ph tn tht nm th nht.

217,4093 14151.9339 10,1877 14.1519

220,1383 14367.8162 10,5486 14.3678

96159.5000 66,2599 96.1595 162.4194

Thit hi do mt in khi c s c nm th nht.

2756 + 0,64 .8760 = 13113,5714 kWh

Chi ph tn tht nm th nht.

96159.5000 138.3844 96.1595 234.5439

Kt qu tng hp cc phng n chn my bin p.

T kt qu tnh ton, ta thy phng n 1 c PVC nh nht, nn chnh

Icp : dng in cho php ca dy dn tiu chun;

Chn loi cp vn xon li ng cp in p 0,6/1 kV c tit din 4 150

2.3. La chn phng n i dy trong ta nh

- Tng cng sut trn cc tng l.

lij : khong cch gia cc tng l, lij = 2 . H = 7,4 m

Trong : Ucp = 2,25% .Um = 8,55 V, i vi dy ng ly = 18,8

Nh vy cp c chn m bo yu cu v cht lng in p.

i : h s chit khu, i = 0,1;

Tnh ton tng t nh tng l ta c:

Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,184 = 8,366 V

A12 = P12 . = 1,288 .2756 = 3549,728 kWh

Tnh ton tng t nh phng n 1:

Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,107 = 8,443 V

A21 = P21 . = 1,232.2756 = 3395,392 kWh

Ur = Ucp Ux = 8,55 0,239 = 8,311 V

A22 = P22 . = 1,225 .2756 = 3376,1 kWh