LOAD TEST ON SERIES GENERATOR

AIM:- To conduct load test on D.C Series Generator and to draw its internal and external characteristics. APPARATUS:

S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Name of the Equipment Type Range Ammeter M.C 02A Ammeter M.C 0 20A Voltmeter M.C 0 300V Voltmeter M.C 0 30V Rheostat Wire wound 50 / 5A Rheostat Wire wound 360 / 1.2A Tachometer Digital 0 10,000 rpm Resistive Loading Bank Resistive Type 5KW

Qty. 1No. 1No. 1No. 1No. 1No. 1No. 1No. 1No.

THEORY: In this Generator, because field windings are in series with the armature, they carry full armature current IA . As IA is increased, flux and hence generated emf is also increased. The extra exciting current necessary to neutralize the wreaking effect of armature reaction at full load is given by the horizontal distance. It will be noticed that a series generator has rising voltage characteristics. The armature current, field current in a D.C series generator are equal. The series field current is zero and the generator voltage is due to residual flux and residual voltage is very low. However if the generator terminals are closed through a load resistance, the armature current will flow which improves residual flux and thus residual voltage. Simultaneously there is armature reaction, which causes, demagnetization which results in decrease of terminal voltage. This terminal voltage increases the field current. Finally flux gets saturated thus increase in load current. It causes decrease in terminal voltage due to increase in armature reaction and voltage drops due to armature and series field and finally goes terminal voltage to zero. The internal characteristic is the relation between induced e.m.f. and armature current. Similarly external characteristic is the relation between terminal voltage and load current. Eg = Ia (Ra + Rse) + terminal voltage PROCEDURE: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. Give the supply to the motor by closing DPST switch. Start the motor with the help of 3 Point starter. Adjust the motor to the rated speed either by varying armature rheostat (or ) field rheostat. Apply the load on the generator and keep rated speed for each step of load. Take all meter readings for each load up to rated current and Do the calculations and draw the necessary graph.

EM1LAB,BVCR,RAJAHMUNDRY, Prepared by K. Nagesh & V.D.Neelima

For Drop Test Ra:-

PROCEDUR FOR RA : 1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram 2. Apply the voltage and by varying the rheostat note down the meter readings For Ra: S.No. Voltage ( V ) Current in ( A ) Armature Resistance Ra = V / I 1 2 3 4 Average For Drop Test ( Rse ):-

PROCEDUR FOR RSE : 1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram 2. Apply the voltage and by varying the rheostat note down the meter readings For RSE: S.No. Voltage ( V ) 1 2 3 4 Average Current in ( A ) Armature Resistance Rse = V / I

EM1LAB,BVCR,RAJAHMUNDRY, Prepared by K. Nagesh & V.D.Neelima

TABULAR FORMS: S.No. Voltage ( V ) Load Current IL ( A ) Induced emf ( Eg ) = V + IA(RA+RSE) 1 2 3 4 5 6

PRECAUTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Connections should be tight. Take the readings without parallax error. Fuses should be properly rated . The operation of the 3-Point starter. Should be slow and uniform. Armature rheostat should be connected in maximum position initially. Field rheostat should be minimum resistance position.

Model Graph:

Result: Load test on D.C Series Generator is conducted and its internal and external characteristics are drawn.

VIVA QUESTIONS
1) What are the basic requirements for inducing e.m.f in D.C generators? 2) What is meant by voltage regulation? 3) What are the special characteristics for series generator? 4) Note the main precautions should be taken in case of series motor? 5) What is meant by residual voltage? EM1LAB,BVCR,RAJAHMUNDRY, Prepared by K. Nagesh & V.D.Neelima