Thyristor

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S thay th bi 2 transitor

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Nguyn l lm vic

Ie

Ic1

Ic2

Ie

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Nguyn l lm vic

Ic1=1Ie + Icb01 Ic2=2Ie + Icb02 Ie = Ic1+Ic2 =(1+ 2)Ie + Icb0 Ie = Icb0/(1+ 2-1) Khi IG=0, Uak>0 v c gi tr <Ut thyristor khng dn dng, Iak=0 Khi IG=0, Uak = Ut th 1+ 2)1 dn ti dng in Ie rt ln lc ny thyristor dn dng nh iode.

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c tuyn V-I ca Thyristor

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Cc i lng cn quan tm

Gate Trigger Current (IGT) Dng in cc iu khin nh nht yu cu duy tr thyristor trng thi on Gate Trigger Voltage (VGT) in p cc iu khin c yu cu to ra dng in iu khin trigger. Holding Current (IH) Dng in anode nh nht yu cu duy tr thyristor trng thi m. Latching Current (IL) Dng in anode c yu cu duy tr thyristor trng thi m ngay sau khi chuyn t trng thi off sang trng thi on xy ra v tn hiu trigger c hy b

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Phng php m thyristor

1. Cc phng php iu khin m thyristor

Tn hiu iu khin cc G, in p UAK> 0 khi C*dv/dt >IG in p Breakovernh thng qu t vo anode-kathode.

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ng dng
Dng trong mch chnh lu c iu khin ( iu khin bin p, dng in vo ra).

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Ti liu tham kho

Bi ging in t- L Quc Hng K thut in t- xun th http://www.allaboutcircuits.com

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Yu cu khi phn tch mch

V s mch 2. Tc dng linh kin 3. Nguyn l lm vic, th in p, dng in vo, in p, dng in ra ti. 4. c im ca mch u im Nhc im 5. ng dng
1.

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Chnh lu diode
1. a. -

Chnh lu na chu k Tc dng linh kin Ngun AC ( dng bin p ly in p ph hp) iode chnh lu Ti thun tr( load)

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Nguyn l lm vic
b. Nguyn l lm vic Trong khong 0<t< - a(+), b(-) Diode dn ( Uak>0) dng in i qua ti it =U/(Ri+ R) Trong khong t<2 a(-), b(+) Diode khng dn dng( Uak<0) dng in qua ti =0.

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Dng sng vo ra

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Chnh lu c chu k dng bin p

1.

Tc dng linh kin BA: bin p 1, 2 iode chnh lu R: Ti thun tr

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Dng sng vo ra

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Chnh lu c chu k dng bin p

2. Nguyn l lm vic

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Chnh lu c chu k dng bin p

- na chu k chn

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Chnh lu cu
1. S nguyn l

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Chnh lu cu
1.Nguyn l lm vic

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Dng sng vo ra

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Chnh lu nhn i in p
1. 2. -

Tc dng linh kin Nguyn l lm vic Na chu k u 1 dn, t C1 c np n in p Um Na chu k sau 2 dn, t C2 c np n in p Um in p ra trn ti UR =UC1 +UC2 2Um

C 1 B C 2 2

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Mch lc
KN: Dng bin i dng in xoay chiu nhp nh thnh dng in xoay chiu bng phng. 2. Nguyn l lc Dng in, in p mt chiu sau mch chnh lu c phn tch theo chui fourier nh sau: U(t)= U0 + U1m sin(1t)+ U2msin(2t)+ ..+Unmsin(nt) Vi n =n* U0 : Thnh phn mt chiu. U1m : Bin sng hi bc 1 Unm : Bin sng hi bc n. - Mc ch l lc c thnh phn mt chiu khng i U0 u ra ca b lc, loi b c thnh phn sng hi c bn( bc 1) v bc cao.
1.
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Nguyn l lc
Ngun in xoay chiu U = U0+ U1msin( 1t)+...+Unmsin(nt)

U0 Mch lc L, C, R

Mch chnh lu it , R

1. Mch lc thng thng dng cc phn t khng in sau

L : in cm, c mc ni tip vi ti C : T in, c mc song song vi ti R : in tr, thng dng thay th cho cun cm L khi ti yu cu dng khng cao.

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Cc phn t c s dng trong mch lc

Phn t in cm L i vi tn hiu mt chiu f=0 XL =*L=2f*L=0 Nh vy cun cm cho php thnh phn mt chiu i qua i vi tn hiu xoay chiu tn s fn XL =n*L=n*2f*L L hoc n cng ln th XL cng ln, ngn thnh phn xoay chiu i qua. 2. Phn t t in i vi thnh phn mt chiu f=0 Xc = 1/(*C) rt ln i vi thnh phn xoay chiu fn - XL = 1/(n*C) rt nh khi n ln hoc C ln
1.

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Ch tiu mch lc
Yu cu t ra l sau khi lc h s p mch phi gim xung. nh gi mc lc ngi ta a ra ch tiu c bn ca mt b lc l h s lc klc klc = kmvo/ km ra kmvo = U1m/U0vo Kmra =U1m sau b lc/U0ra

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Mch lc dng t in
Tc dng ca t C lm ngn mch thnh phn bin i (sng hi c bn). Cht lng ca b lc c xc nh thng qua h s lc K =U1mv/U1mr =1/nC*Rt

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S thc t

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Mch lc dng cun cm

Tc dng ca cun cm cn tr thnh phn sng hi, cho php thnh phn mt chiu i qua. Vic tnh ton gi tr L ph thuc vo h s lc Klc = U1mv/U1mr =n**L/Rt

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Mch lc hnh

Tc dng cun cm L ngn cn thnh phn mt chiu bin i( sng hi) T C c tc dng lm ngn mch thnh phn bin i cn li sau cun cm. Klc =

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Mch lc hnh
Gm 2 t mc song song vi ti. Cun cm L mc ni tip vi ti. L, C1, C2 c xc nh thng qua h s lc Klc=

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Khuych i
1. Khuych i l vic dng 1 NL nh iu khin 1 NL ln theo quy lut ca n.
Khuych i W1 W3

W2 W1- Nng lng iu khin W2- Nng lng b iu khin W3- Nng lng ly ra sau b khuych i

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Khuych i
U Rc Uv B Transitor Uv Ubeo S E chung -w1 : Nng lng ngun tn hiu( thng hnh sin) -W2- Nng lng ngun mt chiu -W3- Nng lng ly ra E Ur Uceo C Ur

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Cc cch mc Transitor
1.

C ba cch mc E chung ( pht chung) B chung( gc chung) C chung ( gp chung)

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Cc ch lm vic ca mch khuych i

Ch A im lm vic gia c tuyn Q Thnh phn mt chiu ln. ( Uce0 =1/2 Ec, Ic =Ec/2Rc) Tn hiu ra c mo khng ng thng nh Hiu sut = Pxc/P0 nh( 25%). Thng dng trong cc mch -Uv Khuych i cng sut nh, cc mch tin khuych i.
1.

Ic

Uv0

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Cc ch lm vic ca mch khuych i

Ch B im lm vic Q, Ic 0 Thnh phn mt chiu nh , xoay chiu ln Tn hiu ra c mo khng ng thng ln Hiu sut = Pxc/P0 ln Thng dng trong cc mch khuych i cng sut. Ch mt na ca tn hiu vo l c khuych i

Ic

Q -Uv

Uv0

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Cc ch lm vic ca mch khuych i

Ch c im lm vic Q, Ic=0 Thnh phn mt chiu nh xoay chiu ln. Tn hiu ra c mo khng ng thng ln Hiu sut = Pxc/P0 ln kh mo thng s dng cc mch y ko. Ch mt phn ca na chu ky c khuych i

Ic

Q -Uv

Uv0

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Phn cc transitor

Phn cc lm vic cho transitor mc E chung s dng hai ngun. Trong thc t ch s dng mt ngun chung cho VBB v VCC m bo kinh t.
S phn cc cho transitor dng 2 ngun

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Phn cc cho transitor dng dng baz

S phn cc transitor dng dng baz. Tc dng linh kin Rb : in tr phn cc Cc1, Cc2 : T in c vai tr l h mch vi thnh phn mt chiu v c tr khng thp vi thnh phn xoay chiu.
1.

in tr phn cc RB

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Nguyn l phn cc

- Cc B c ni vi ngun +Vcc thng qua Rb, do vy th VB > VE , Tip gip B-E phn cc thun. - Chn Rc<Rb URc <URb VC > VB , tip gip B-C l phn cc ngc - im lm vic tnh xt khi khng c tn hiu vo.

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n nh im lm vic

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Mch khuych i y ko
R2 T1 U~ W 11R W 12 Ec
1

W 21 Rt W 22

T2

1. Tc dng linh kin, nguyn l lm vic BA1, BA2 : Cc bin p lin h gia cc transistor vi ngun tn hiu v vi ti T1 v T2 : Transistor l tng coi hon ton nh nhau. Mch lm vic vi ch B ( AB , ng R1 v R2)

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Mch khuych i y ko
Khi c tn hiu vo xoay chiu Uv Thng qua BA1 trn hai cun dy th cp xut hin hai in p xoay chiu bng nhau v tri du Uv1 v Uv2
ube1 =Ube0 + Um1 sin( t) ube2 =Ube0 + Um2 sin( t)

-Ubeo : l in p vo tnh - Khi cho mch lm vic ch B Ubeo =0 nn trong na chu k dng tn hiu vo, khi m baz ca T1 m hn Emitter, cn baz ca T2 dng hn Emot, th T1 thng v T2 b kha. Dng in tn hiu collect Ic1 lm xut hin trong cun dy W 21 in p, cm ng sang cun th cp in p U212. Trong na chu k cn li, dng in ic2
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