Cch dng Layout trong AutoCad

1. Lm vic vi model Trong khng gian model, bn v vi t l 1:1, v bn c th ty quyt nh mt n v (unit) ca autocad tng ng vi 1mm, 1inch, 1 foot, hay bt k 1 n v o lng no thun tin trong cng vic ca bn. Trong Model tab, bn c th view hay edit i tng, Con tr c th hot ng bt c ch no trong khng gian v. y l cch v thng thng nht m mi ngi thng s dng khi to bn v trong Autocad. Model 2. Lm vic vi Layout Layout tabs hay cn gi l khng gian giy (paper space). Trong khng gian giy, bn c th v khung tn, to cc khung nhn (viewpots), dim bn v hay thm cc ch thch. 3. To v chnh sa khung nhn (layout viewports) Bn c th to mt khung nhn hay nhiu khung nhn hin th bn v trong khng gian giy. Vi mi khung nhn bn c th thay i kch thc ca khung nhn cng nh c th thay i t l, di chuyn trnh by 1 bn v vi nhiu t l khc nhau vi b cc bn v hp l Ch : Mt vn quan trong khi to mt khung nhn l bn nn to mt layer ring qun l cc khung nhn. khi xut bn v bn c th tt layer ny bn v xut ra khng hin th cc ng bo ca khung nhn Vi lnh Mview (MV), bn to mt hay nhiu khung nhin v cng c th copy hay array cc khung nhn To mt khung nhn khng phi l hnh ch nht Bn c th to mt khung nhn khng phi l hnh ch nht bng cch convert mt i tng v trong khng gian giy thnh mt khung nhn Lnh Mview c hai la chn bn c th thc hin vic ny - Vi la chn Object, bn c th la chn mt i tng khp kn nh ng trn, polyline khp kn trong khng gian giy convert thnh 1 khung nhn. - Vi la chn Polyonal bn c th dng to mt khung nhn l mt polyline bng cch pick cc im to thnh 1 vng khp kn Thay i kch thc khung nhn Nu bn mun thay i kch thc khung nhn b cc bn v thm thun tin. th vic edit khung nhn tng t nh bn edit 1 polyline vi cc lnh nh bnh thng Ct mt khung nhn Bn c th ct mt khung nhn bng lnh VPCLIP. 4. T l ca khung nhn t t l cho mi khung nhn trong khng gian giy. Bn vo properties ca khung nhn y chn standard scale theo t l bn cn chng hn nh 1:100. C th qun l list scale ny bng cch vo Option - User Preferences - Edit Scale List Khi t c t l cho khung nhn bn cn phi lock khung nhn t l khng b thay i khi bn zoom trong khung nhn y. Bn vo properties ca khung nhn chn Display Locked: ON lock khung nhn

5. ng bng (Freeze) Layer trong tng khung nhn Mt trong nhng u im khi s dng layout l bn c th la chn ng bng cc layer khc nhau trong mi khung nhn m khng nh hng n cc khung nhn khc. DongBang Cch nhanh nht ng bng layer trong tng khung nhn l dng Layer Properties Manager. DLayer 6. Bt v tt Khung nhn Bn c th tit kim thi gian load bn v bng cch tt i nhng khung nhn khng cn thit lc chnh sa bn v. Nu bn khng mun in khung nhn cng c th dng cch ny. 7.Align cc khung nhn Bn c th dng cc i tng khung nhn ny vi cc i tng khung nhn khc m khng cn phi dng lnh move trong model space. Bng lnh MVSETUP v chn Option Align. 8. Xoay cc khung nhn Bn c th xoay khung nhn bng cch dng lnh UCS v lnh PLAN. Th tng tng s kh khn th no nu khng dng cch ny trnh bay 1 bn v san nn vi s tuyn v trc dc. 9. Dimstyle Nu v trong model bn phi to rt nhiu Dim style cho cc t l khc nhau nhng nu v trn khng gian giy bn ch cn to 1 Dim style duy nht 10. To khung tn trong layout Mt cch n gin v c bn nht to khung tn trong layout l bn to khung tn vi t l 1:1 sau sp xp cc khung nhn vo trong khung tn vi t l ty . Khi in t t l l 1:1 s cho xut bn v ng t l. V layout trong AutoCAD Sunday, 18 March 2007 V theo layout l mt phng php v to cho bn v c c nhng tin ch s dng mi nh c th ghp cc t l bn v khc nhau vo cng mt bn v, ghp hnh 3D vi 2D cng mt bn v,... 1. Lm vic vi model Trong khng gian model, bn v vi t l 1:1, v bn c th ty quyt nh mt n v (unit) ca autocad tng ng vi 1mm, 1inch, 1 foot, hay bt k 1 n v o lng no thun tin trong cng vic ca bn. Trong Model tab, bn c th view hay edit i tng, Con tr c th hot ng bt c ch no trong khng gian v. y l cch v thng thng nht m mi ngi thng s dng khi to bn v trong Autocad. 2. Lm vic vi Layout Layout tabs hay cn gi l khng gian giy (paper space). Trong khng gian giy, bn c

th v khung tn, to cc khung nhn (viewpots), dim bn v hay thm cc ch thch. 3. To v chnh sa khung nhn (layout viewports) Bn c th to mt khung nhn hay nhiu khung nhn hin th bn v trong khng gian giy. Vi mi khung nhn bn c th thay i kch thc ca khung nhn cng nh c th thay i t l, di chuyn trnh by 1 bn v vi nhiu t l khc nhau vi b cc bn v hp l Ch : Mt vn quan trong khi to mt khung nhn l bn nn to mt layer ring qun l cc khung nhn. khi xut bn v bn c th tt layer ny bn v xut ra khng hin th cc ng bo ca khung nhn Vi lnh Mview (MV), bn to mt hay nhiu khung nhin v cng c th copy hay array cc khung nhn To mt khung nhn khng phi l hnh ch nht Bn c th to mt khung nhn khng phi l hnh ch nht bng cch convert mt i tng v trong khng gian giy thnh mt khung nhn Lnh Mview c hai la chn bn c th thc hin vic ny - Vi la chn Object, bn c th la chn mt i tng khp kn nh ng trn, polyline khp kn trong khng gian giy convert thnh 1 khung nhn. - Vi la chn Polyonal bn c th dng to mt khung nhn l mt polyline bng cch pick cc im to thnh 1 vng khp kn Thay i kch thc khung nhn Nu bn mun thay i kch thc khung nhn b cc bn v thm thun tin. th vic edit khung nhn tng t nh bn edit 1 polyline vi cc lnh nh bnh thng Ct mt khung nhn Bn c th ct mt khung nhn bng lnh VPCLIP. 4. T l ca khung nhn t t l cho mi khung nhn trong khng gian giy. Bn vo properties ca khung nhn y chn standard scale theo t l bn cn chng hn nh 1:100. C th qun l list scale ny bng cch vo Option - User Preferences - Edit Scale List... Khi t c t l cho khung nhn bn cn phi lock khung nhn t l khng b thay i khi bn zoom trong khung nhn y. Bn vo properties ca khung nhn chn Display Locked: ON lock khung nhn

5. ng bng (Freeze) Layer trong tng khung nhn Mt trong nhng u im khi s dng layout l bn c th la chn ng bng cc layer khc nhau trong mi khung nhn m khng nh hng n cc khung nhn khc. Cch nhanh nht ng bng layer trong tng khung nhn l dng Layer Properties Manager. 6. Bt v tt Khung nhn

Bn c th tit kim thi gian load bn v bng cch tt i nhng khung nhn khng cn thit lc chnh sa bn v. Nu bn khng mun in khung nhn cng c th dng cch ny. 7.Align cc khung nhn Bn c th dng cc i tng khung nhn ny vi cc i tng khung nhn khc m khng cn phi dng lnh move trong model space. Bng lnh MVSETUP v chn Option Align. 8. Xoay cc khung nhn Bn c th xoay khung nhn bng cch dng lnh UCS v lnh PLAN. Th tng tng s kh khn th no nu khng dng cch ny trnh bay 1 bn v san nn vi s tuyn v trc dc. 9. DimstyleNu v trong model bn phi to rt nhiu Dim style cho cc t l khc nhau nhng nu v trn khng gian giy bn ch cn to 1 Dim style duy nht vi cch chn Fit nh sau. nh di y c thu nh. Bm vo y xem hnh ng kch c. nh gc c kch thc l 568x468. 10. To khung tn trong layout Mt cch n gin v c bn nht to khung tn trong layout l bn to khung tn vi t l 1:1 sau sp xp cc khung nhn vo trong khung tn vi t l ty . Khi in t t l l 1:1 s cho xut bn v ng t l. Vic qun l bn v v xut bn v cng tr nn n gin hn rt nhiu S dng Layout trong AutoCad Nhiu bn cha nm c cch to bn v k thut AutoCAD mt cch chuyn nghip, cc bn v tt c nhng g cn in ra trong mt khun giy c khung tn ngay trong mi trng Model, k c hnh trch vi kch thc to hn vi hm rng nh vy l phng n vi t l khc vi t l chung. Lm nh vy s c nhng nhc im rt phi k thut sau y: Th nht: phi to cc khung tn to nh khc nhau cho ph hp vi kch thc mi i tng cn in. Th hai: phi t cc t l c ch v c kch thc khc nhau cho ph hp vi kch thc mi i tng cn in. Kt qu l mi bn v c th c cc kch c ch v s khc nhau, chng tun theo tiu chun no c. Th ba: Cc hnh trch c to vi kch thc khc thc t v gi tr kch thc d nhin phi sa li cho ng theo cch th cng, rt d nhm v hay b qun khi sa i g trong thit k. C mt cch mang tnh chuyn nghip gii quyt nhng vn ny, ta ch mt cng

mt cht ng mt ln duy nht ny thi, sau ch cn p dng mt cch nhanh chng v khoa hc. l s dng Layout to trang in. AutoCAD c 2 ca s: Model v Layout. Model: dng v cc i tng thit k, mi tp tin ch c 1 khng gian Model thi. Khng gian ca Model l 3D (X, Y v Z) v ko di v tn. Vic v trong Model phi tun th nguyn tc l phi v ng theo kch thc thc, cc kch thc phi ly chnh xc v tn trng gi tr thc , khng c g gi tr bng tay. Layout: dng in cc i tng trong Model, mi tp tin c th c nhiu Layout, ty thuc s bn v bn cn. Khng gian ca Layout ch gii hn trong kh giy in m thi v ch c hai chiu l X v Y. Layout cho php chn nhiu hnh nh ca cc i tng trong Model vi t l hin th ty v phm vi ty . Nh vy, ta c th chn c hoc ch mt phn cc i tng c v v c th chn nhiu nh ca 1 i tng vi cc t l khc nhau. Trc tin, ta cn lm my th tc, cho khi phi lm li nhng th tc ny, ta s lu n nh l mt Template, sau , mi khi cn thit k, ta ch vic m Template ny ra lm vic. Cc th tc nh sau: 1. To cc Layer (lp i tng) cn thit: Ngoi Layer 0 theo mc nh, ti thiu ta cn c thm hai Layer l Dim1 v Dim 2 dng cho cc kch thc s c hin th ti cc cng nhn khc nhau. Cc bn c th to thm cc Layer khc theo nhu cu, nh t m v mu sc thch hp cho chng. Theo ti, cc nt c bn nn 0.5mm v cc nt mnh nn l 0.15mm. 2. To trang in: Click nhn Layout1 di y, bn thy hp thoi sau: Click nt Modify ri chn my in, kh giy: Sau khi to khung tn trc tip trn trang ny, ta c mt Layout nh sau: Tng t, ta to thm cc trang in vi cc kh giy khc. 3. nh dng kch thc: Vo trnh n Format, Dimension Style..., chn nhn Fit v click Scale dimension to layout c kch thc s tun theo kh giy: Th l xong, bn lu tp tin ny l !Template.dwt dng n lm mu (du chm than t trc tp tin ny lun trn cng cho d chn). Sau ng AutoCAD li. Sau ny, bn m n ra thit k, d mun hay khng, AutoCAD s bt bn phi lu bn v vi tn khc gi nguyn template ny. By gi gi s ti c thit k v cn in n nh sau:

Tm thi, cc kch thc u t Layer Dim1. Ti click vo nhn Layout A4 lm xut hin trang giy, g MV ri Enter v v mt hnh ch nht trong trang giy ny, ta c ngay: Ta c th iu chnh kch c v di chuyn cng nhn hnh ch nht ny bng grip sao cho thch hp. Sau chuyn n vo lp Defpoint c t to ra, lp ny s khng in ra giy. Bn ch l cc ch s v mi tn kch thc qu nh, ta hy double-click vo trong cng nhn kch hot n ri vo trnh n Dimensions, Update, sau g All (chn tt c cc kch thc) v Enter, ta c kt qu: Ta chuyn cc kch thc ca rnh joint sang lp Dim2 v khng cho n hin th ti cng ny. By gi, ti mun th hin chi tit rnh t joint gc cao bn tri bng mt hnh trch. Ti v mt hnh trn vo ch thch hp nh sau: G MV, Enter ri g O ri li Enter v chn ng trn, ta c: Bn thy trong hnh trn l ton b hnh v bn Model, double-click kch hot n ri Zoom vi t l thch hp v Pan n v tr hp l: By gi th kch thc hin th y li qu ln, ta li vo trnh n Dimensions, Update v chn my kch thc ny ri Enter: Ta cng khng cho Dim1 hin th trong cng ny. Thm vi ghi ch, cui cng ta c: