cng cng ngh protein enzyme

Cu hi trc nghim Cu1: Th no l km hm cnh tranh? A. Cht km hm I gn vi trung tm hot ng ca enzyme E lm chm phn ng to sn phm P . B. Cht km hm I gn vi phc hp c cht enzyme ES lm chm phn ng to sn phm P. (k cnh tranh) C. Cht km hm I gn c vi c enzyme t do v phc hp ES lm chm phn ng to sn phm. (hn hp) D. Tt c u sai. Cu 2: Trong cc nhm cht sau, nhm cht no cung cp ngun Carbon cho VSV A. Glucid, m, cao ng. B. Glucid, bnh du u phng, ru. C. M, bnh du u phng, bt tng. D. M, bnh du u phng, gelatin. Cu3: Sc k trao i ion l phng php sc k da trn: A. S hp ph chn lc cc cu t ring bit ca hn hp cht phn tch. B. S sai khc gia cc h s phn b ca cc cu t ring bit ca hn hp cht phn tch. C. Qu trnh trao i ion gia cc ion linh ng ca cht hp thu v cht in ly. D. S khc nhau v tan ca cc kt ta to thnh do cc cu t ca hn hp v thuc th. Cu4: Phng php no s dng sy bng chn khng thng hoa bo qun ging? A. Phng php cy chuyn. B. Phng php lm lnh. C. Phng php ng kh. D. Phng php lm lnh trong nitro lng. Cu5: Enzyme cng tinh khit khi: A. Hot tnh ring E cng cao. B. Hot tnh ring E cang thp. C. Hot tnh tng cng cao. D. Hot tnh tng cng thp. Cu 6: xc nh trnh t sp xp aa trong mt on peptid, phng php no c s dng xc nh u Carbon tn cng? A. Sanger. Page 1

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

B. Dansyl. C. Carboxypeptidase. D. Edman. Cu 7: Trong iu ha sinh tng hp, vng promoter c tc dng nh th no? A. B. C. D. A. B.
C.

M ha protein c bit, c ch sao m. Trnh t DNA RNA_polymerase gn vo bt u qu trnh phin m. M ha phn t protein, enzyme c tng hp. iu khin qu trnh sao m ca gene cu trc. PP Sanger PP Dansyl PP carboxypeptidase PP gim cp Edman I: Cn bng. II: Ra gii. III: Np mu. IV: Ti to ct. A. I, II, III, IV. B. I, III, II, IV. C. III, I, II, IV. D. III, IV, I, II.

Cu 8: Phng php xc nh u C_tn cng?

D.

Cu 9: Trnh t no di y th hin ng cc bc ca pp sc k trao i ion?

Cu 10: Cc acid amin c chia lm my nhm?(lit k c th tn cc nhm) A. B. C. D. dng 1.Nguyn tc in di mt chiu gm my bc: A. 2 bc. B. 3 bc. C. 4 bc. Page 2 3. 4. 5. 6.

Cu 11: bo qun v bo tn c c tnh di truyn trong sut thi gian bo qun v s

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

D. 5 bc. 2.Quy trnh thu nhn gm nhng nguyn tc no? 1. Xc nh mc tiu thu nhn. 2. Xc nh tnh cht ca protein mc tiu. 3. S lng cc bc tinh sch thp nht. 4. K thut tinh sch cho mi bc. A. 1 v 2. B. 1, 2 v 3. C. 3 v 4. D. Tt c u ng. 3.nh hng ca nng enzyme n tc phn ng nh th no ? A. B. C. D. E. A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. [S] >>[E]: vn tc phn ng ph thuc vo [E]. [S] >>[E]: vn tc phn ng ph thuc vo [S]. [S] <<[E]: vn tc phn ng ph thuc vo [E]. [S] <<[E]: vn tc phn ng ph thuc vo [S]. Tt c u sai. 4.Chn cu ng trong cc cu sau: Enzyme mt cu t : trong thnh phn ch c protein. Enzyme mt cu t: trong thnh phn khng cha protein. Enzyme a cu t: trong thnh phn c protein v khng sinh. Tt c u sai. 5.Phng php sc k ct l: sc k lc gel. Sc k trao i ion. Sc k i lc. C A,B v C. Cu 12: Trong iu ha sinh tng hp, vng promoter c tc dng nh th no? M ha protein c bit, c ch sao m. Trnh t DNA RNA_polymerase gn vo bt u qu trnh phin m. M ha phn t protein, enzyme c tng hp. iu khin qu trnh sao m ca gene cu trc. I: Cn bng. II: Ra gii. Page 3

Cu 13: Trnh t no di y th hin ng cc bc ca pp sc k trao i ion?

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

III: Np mu. IV: Ti to ct. A. I, II, III, IV. B. I, III, II, IV. C. III, I, II, IV.
D. III, IV, I, II.

Cu 14: Trong qua trinh bao quan ging VSV cn am bao yu cu nao sau y: A. Duy tri kha nng sng cua VSV va tranh tap nhim. B. am bao tinh n inh di truyn va cac c tinh sinh hoc cua vi sinh vt. C. am bao VSV phat trin va tao nhiu san phm. D. Chon A, B E. Chon tt ca cac cu. Cu 15: 4 giai oan chinh trong sc ky trao i ion: A. Nap mu -> ra giai -> cn bng-> tai tao ct. B. Cn bng -> nap mu -> ra giai -> tai tao ct. C. Ra giai -> nap mu -> tai tao ct -> ra giai. D. Cn bng -> nap mu -> tai tao ct -> ra giai. Cu 16 :in di im ng in dung : A. Xac inh tn protein va phn tach protein. B. Xac inh pI cua 1 protein. C. Phn tach protein da trn im ng in. D. B,C u ung. E. Tt ca u ung. Cu 17 : tinh sach cua protein, enzyme khi s dung trong dc phm phai at bao nhiu: A. 85-95% B. 95-99% C. >99% D. <95% Cu 18:Co bao nhiu phng phap chinh c inh enzyme: "nht enzyme v to lin kt A.1 A. B. C. B.2 C.3 D.4 Cu 19: Khi protein b bin tnh thng biu hin mt s tnh cht no sau y. Cu trc tr nn bn vng hn, c hot tnh sinh hc mnh hn. Bin i hnh dng, kch thc, cu trc ban u. Mt hot tnh sinh hc, bin i mt s tnh cht vt l khc. Page 4

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

D. E.

A, C ng. B, C ng. Cu 20: Enzyme ficin thng c ly trch t qu no sau y. A. qu sung. B. qu u . C. qu da. D. qu gc. Cu 21. phng trnh Michaelis Menten din t: A. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng c cht. B. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng emzyme C. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v ph mi trng D. Mi quan h gia nng emzyme v nng c cht E. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v tt c nhng yu t nh hng n hot emzyme. Cu 22. vai tr ca emzyme trong phn ng l: A. B. C. D. E. Gim nng lng hot ha Tng nng lng hot ha Tng s tip xc gia cc phn t c cht Ngn cn phn ng nghch To mi trng ph thch hp cho phn ng

Cu 23: C s ca phng php sc k trao i ion:

A. Da vo s khc nhau v kh nng kt ta protein nng mui xc nh. B. Da trn phn ng trao i ion gia protein c tan trong nc hoc

trong dung dch m long v cc tc nhn trao i ion.

C. Da vo s khc nhau v kch thc, hnh dng v phn t lng ca cc cht

c trong hn hp.
D. Tt c sai.

Cu 24: Bc khc nhau gia phng php nui cy b mt trong mi trng lng v phng php nui cy b mt trong mi trng bn rn: nui cy pp lng k c bc lm m. A. Thanh trng bng nhit B. Lm ngui C. Lm m D. Gieo ging Cu 25: Dng phng php no xc nh c aa u N- tn cng l Cys:
A. Pp Sanger. B. Pp Dansyl. C. Pp gim cp Edman.

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 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

D. Tt c cc pp trn.

Cu 26: Chn cu sai:

A. B.

Hydrolase l loi nhm enzyme tc ng ln phn ng thy phn. Ligase l loi nhm enzyme tc ng ln phn ng phn ct. (ng l enzyme gn) Isomerase l loi enzyme c kh nng chuyn nhm chc to ng phn. Oxydoreductase l loi enzyme tc ng ln phn ng oxi ha kh.

C. D.

Cu 27: Phng php loi b mui v tp cht c phn t lng thp trong dch chit enzyme
A. B. C. D.

Pp thm tch. Pp lc qua gel Sephadex. Pp sc k trao i ion. A & B ng. Cu 28 : Mun t ti tc cc i, th nng ca c cht phi nng ca enzymev lun A. Cao hn, hng triu ln, trng thi tha. B. Cao hn, hng trm ln, trng thi tha. C. Cao hn, hng trm ln, trng thi va . D. Cao hn, hng triu ln, trng thi va . Cu 29: Phng php loi b protein tp trong dch chit enzym:

A. B. C. D. A.

Phng php bin tnh chn lc. Phng php kt ta phn on v phng php lc gel. Phng php sc k v in di. Kt hp tt c cc phng php trn. Cu 30 : C s ca phng php sc k trao i ion: Da vo s khc nhau v kh nng kt ta cc protein nng mui xc nh. B. C. Da trn phn ng trao i ion gia protein c tan trong H 2O hoc Da vo s khc nhau v kch thc, hnh dng v phn t lng ca cc cht trong dung dch m long v cc tc nhn trao i ion. c trong hn hp.

D. A.

Tt c u sai. Cau 31 : Cht hp ph ch yu trong phng php sc k hp ph l: (NH4)2 SO4. Page 6

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

B. C. D.

Hydroxyapatit. Sephadex. DEAE cenluloza Cu 32 : Enzym sau khi tinh sch, nu cn bo qun dng kh th thng c x l nh sau:

A. B. C. D.

Sy kh. Sy chn khng hoc sy qut gi nhit thp. Sy chn khng. Sy phun. Cu 33: Enzyme chitinase ch yu thu nhn t ngun nguyn liu no? A. M cao su. B. Da. C. u nnh. (c trong ht) D. i mch ny mm. Cu 34. Mui trung tnh c nh hng n ha tan ca protein, khi tng nng mui trung tnh th ha tan ca protein nh th no? A. Tng B. Gim C. Khng i D. Khng xc nh c Cu 35. Cc bc xc nh cu trc bc 1 no sau y l ng? 1. Thu nhn protein dng tinh sch 2. Ct chui polypeptide thnh cc on peptide 3. Xc nh trnh t sp xp cc amino acid 4. Xc nh thnh phn v s lng amino acid A. 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4. C. 4 -> 1 -> 3 -> 2. A. pH. C. Thi gian. B. 1 -> 2 -> 4 -> 3. D. 4 -> 1 -> 2 -> 3. B. Nhit . D. p sut thm thu. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 Page 7

Cu 36. Yu t no khng nh hng n qu trnh hp ph?

Cu 37: C my kiu hot ha enzyme? (lit k c th cc kiu hot ha )

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

D. 4 Cu 38: Cc cht no c th dng lm ngun nit nui vi sinh vt?

A. NH4NO3, NaNO3, (NH4)2SO4. B. Bt u tng, gelatin, cao ng, cao nm men. C. Glucose, tinh bt, cao nm men. D. A v B. E. Tt c u ng.

Cu 39: phng php no ph bin nht trong k thut tihn sch enzyme? A. Ta bng acid B. Sc k
C. Tch bng (NH4)2SO4

D. in di Cu 40: Hn ch ca phng php to lin kt cho trong vic to enzyme c nh?

A. Trong qu trnh to lin kt cho gia cc phn t enzyme, c

th ph hng cu trc ca enzyme, lm gim hot ca n.

B. Enzyme d b ra tri v khng dng cht mang. C. Cu trc ca enzzyme c th b thay i 1 phn trong qu trnh

to lin kt vi cc phn t enzyme.

D. Tt c u sai.

Cu 41: C th ta protein bng nhng cht no sau y:

A. HCl, (NH4)2SO4 B. Acetone, SO2. C. CO, acetic. D. A v B. E. B v C.

Cu 42: Trong phng php sc k hp ph, protein c gn vo pha tnh.

A.

ng. A. m B. Dng C. Khng mang in D. Ty theo loi protein cn tch.

B. Sai.

Cu 43: Trong Sc k trao i anion, pha tnh cha nhng nhm mang in tch:

Cu 44: Nui cy b su c th s dng cho loi vi sinh vt no? A. Vi sinh vt hiu kh. Page 8

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

B. Vi sinh vt k kh. C. Vi sinh vt hiu kh thy nghi. D. Tt c p n trn. Cu 45: Nhn bit cc amino acid cha S bng cch no (da vo phn ng ha hc)? A. Qua phn ng Ninhydrin, c mu vng. B. Qua phn ng Folia, kt ta ng mu xanh. C. Qua phn ng Folia, kt ta ch mu en. D. Qua phn ng Pauli, to phc mu cam. Cu 46 : trong phn ng xc nh hot enzyme cn s dng c cht v cofactor mc .. v thi gian xc nh
A. D tha/cng di cng tt. B. Va /cng ngn cng tt. C. D tha/cng ngn cng tt. D. Va /cng di cng tt.

Cu 47: pht biu no sau y sai?

A. Bromelin l mt glycoprotein.

B. Khi qu da chn, hot tnh bromelin gim xung.

C. Bromelin hot ng tt pH = 6 8.

D. Bromelin c chit tch cc thnh phn khc nhau trong cy da c hot ng sinh l v hot tnh thy phn protein khc nhau. Cu 48: amino acid no sau y khng mu, khng v?
A. Leucine. B. Alanine. C. Isoleucine. D. Valine.

Cu 49: hon thnh cc tnh cht ca enzyme c nh: lm phn in t Hot ring . dng ha tan. Hng s Km biu kin c th ..c th b thay i. Cu 50 : insulin l hoocmon c sn xut bi :
A. Tuyn ty. B. Tuyn thn. C. Gan.

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 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

D. C 3 u sai.

Cu 51: Mt qu trnh tinh sch Enzym v protein c coi l tt khi no? A. Mc tinh sch cao, ch s yield thp B. Mc tinh sch thp, ch s yield cao
C. Mc tinh sch v ch s yield bng nhau

D. Khng ph thuc vo mc tinh sch v ch s yield Cu 52: Trong qu trnh in di mt chiu, cn thc hin theo cc bc no sau y?
1. Bin tnh protein. 2. Hin hnh. 3. Np mu protein vo gel. 4. C lp protein. 5. Cung cp in. A. 1,2,3,4,5. B. 3,2,5,4,1. C. 4,1,3,5,2. D. 1,3,4,2,5.

Cu 53: Chn cu tr li ng 1. Cho im ng in ca 4 loi protein sau: Casein pI=4,7, Albumin pI=4,8, Miosin pI=5,0, v globulin pI=5,4. Hi ti pH=5,0 cht no sau y mang in tch (-) [pH>pI mang in (-); pH<pI mang in (+)] A. Casein. B. Casein v Albumin. C. Globulin. D. Miosin v globulin. 2. K thut in di hai chiu c s dng khi: A. Tch protein v enzyme c trng lng phn t v im ng in khc nhau. B. Tch protein v enzyme c trng lng phn t ging nhau nhng khc nhau im ng in. C. Tch protein v enzyme c trng lng phn t khc nhau nhng im ng in ging nhau. D. C B v C ng. 3.Nhng iu g cn lu i vi ging khi bo qun : A. Tnh di truyn n nh B. Tnh thun chng Page 10

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

C. Kh nng sng ca ging. D. Cc cu trn u ng 4. C s ca phng php sc k trao i ion: A. nh. B. C. D. Da trn phn ng trao i ion gia protein trong pha ng v cht trong Da vo s khc nhau v kch thc, hnh dng v phn t lng ca cc cht Tt c cc cu u sai. pha tnh. c trong pha ng. 5. Khi thm acid amin vo mi trng nui cy vi khun Bacillus Subtilis tng hp protease th: A. Qu trnh sinh tng hp protease gim. B. Qu trnh sinh tng hp protease tng. C. Khng nh hng n qu trnh sinh tng hp protease. D. Lm chm qu trnh tng sinh khi B.subtilis. 6. Cu no ng khi ni v cc yu t nh hng ng hc phn ng enzyme. A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. A. B. [S]>>[E]: vn tc phn ng ph thuc vo [S] nh hng bi cc cht hot ha: trong phm vi bin sinh l, tc ca nh hng bi cc cht kim hm: kim hm cnh tranh, kim hm phi Tt c u sai. C lp protein bin tnh protein np mu protein vo gel cung cp Bin tnh protein - c lp protein np mu protein vo gel cung cp in Bin tnh protein - np mu protein vo gel - c lp protein cung cp in Tt c u sai. Hiu c c ch phn t ca s tc ng ca enzyme Mi quan h v mt lng ca qu trnh tc ng ca enzyme Page 11 Da vo s khc nhau v kh nng kt ta cc protein nng mui xc

phn ng enzyme tng theo nng cht hot ha. cnh tranh, kim hm hn hp. 7. Nguyn tc in di mt chiu bao gm cc bc no sau y: in hin hnh. hin hnh. hin hnh 8. ngha ca vic nghin cu ng hc enzyme l:

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

C. D. E.

Xc nh iu kin hot ng tt nht ca enzyme Cu a, c ng Cu a, b, c ng

9. Mui trung tnh c nh hng n ha tan ca protein. Khi tng nng mui trung tnh th ha tan ca protein nh th no? A. B. C. D. Tng Gim Khng i Khng th xc nh c

10. Chn cu ng nht lit k cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh hp ph: A. B. gian. C. D. pH, nng mui, thi gian, nhit , cc c tnh ca cht mang, tnh tan C 3 cu u sai ca protein. 11. Thm tch l mt qu trnh thng s dng loi ng v mui khi dung dch protein da trn c s: A. B. C. D. E. F. A. B. C. D. S khuch tn Kch thc protein ln hn kch thc l ti lc. im ng in Kch thc khc nhau gia cc protein Cu a, b ng Cu a, d ng Cht kim hm I gn vi phc hp enzyme-c cht (ES)lm chm phn ng Cht kim hm I gn vi trung tm hot ng ca enzyme (E) lm chm Cht kim hm I gn c vi c enzyme (E) v phc hp enzyme-c cht Tt c u sai Page 12 pH, nng mui, nng protein, nhit , cc c tnh ca cht mang, tnh pH, nng mui, nng protein, nhit , cc c tnh ca cht mang, thi tan ca protein.

12. Th no l kim hm cnh tranh? to sn phm P phn ng to sn phm P (ES) lm chm phn ng to sn phm P

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

13. tinh khit ca enzyme cng cao khi: A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. Hot tnh ring ca enzyme cng thp Hot tnh ca enzyme cng cao Hot tnh ring ca enzyme cng cao Hot tnh ca enzyme cng thp Phn hy protein bng protease Ct protein mu bng trypsin Ct protein mu bng Chymotrypsin Mt cch khc Lm dn mch protein thnh mch thng, n v lm protein tch in m Lm dn mch protein thnh mch thng, n v lm protein tch in dng Ct mch protein thnh nhiu mch thng, n v lm protein tch in m Ct mch protein thnh nhiu mch thng, n v lm protein tch in dng

14. Lm th no nh v c lin kt disulfur trong nghin cu cu trc ca protein:

15. Cng dng ca cht SDS (Sodium clodecyl sulfate) trong phng php in di l:

16. Trong quy trnh tinh sch protein, loi b mui khong v cc loi ng, ta thng s dng phng php: A. Kt ta phn on bng dung mi hu c B. Sc k trao i ion C. in di hai chiu D. Thm tch 16. Lm th no tch lysin (pI=9,6) ra khi hn hp lysin (pI=9,6), glysin (pI=5,97) nhanh nht. A. Phng php in di hai chiu. B. Phng php lc gel. C. Phng php in di im ng in. D. Cu a v c ng . 18. Cu no sau y sai khi ni v enzyme c nh: A. Hat tnh enzyme c nh thng nh hn hot tnh enzyme ha tan cng loi. B. Enzyme c nh c tnh bn nhit hn enzyme ha tan cng loi. C. Enzyme c nh c kh nng bo qun km hn enzyme ha tan cng loi. D. C th s dng li nhiu ln. 19. Trnh t cc bc tinh sch protein enzyme sau trnh t no ng: Page 13

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

1. Nhn bit protein enzyme mc tiu. 2. Ly trch protein enzyme t t bo. 3. Xc nh hot tnh ca protein enzyme. 4. Kim tra tinh sch ca protein enzyme bng phng php in di trn gel. 5. Thu nhn protein enzyme mc tiu da trn ho tan, kch thc, in tch, v lin kt i lc. A. B. C. D. 1-2-3-4-5. 1-2-3-5-4. 1-2-4-3-5. 1-2-5-4-3.

Cu 54: Trong cc phng php sc k sau y th phng php sc k no ch yu da vo kch thc phn t? A. Sc k lc gel B. Sc k trao i ion C. Sc k i lc D. Sc k lng cao p Cu 55: Nhit ti thch ca Enzym thng nm trong khong no?
A. 200C -400C B. 250C -450C C. 400C -600C D. 450C -650C

Cu 56: Trong phng php kt ta protein bng mui nng mui cao th tnh ho tan ca phn t s nh th no? A. Tng B. Gim C. Lc tng lc gim D. Khng thay i Cu 57: Mi acid amin c 1 pH khc nhau, gi tr pH ca cc acid amin ph thuc vo yu t no? A. S nhm COOH trong phn t acid amin.
B. S nhm NH2 trong phn t acid amin. C. Hng s phn ly pK ca nhm -COOH v -NH2.

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D. Tt c cc cu trn. Cu 58: Trong k thut bo qun ging bng phng php ng kh, ta cn nui cy ging n thi k no th em bo qun l tt nht? A. Pha ly tha. B. Pha cn bng. C. Pha suy tn. D. Pha no khng quan trng. Cu 59: Tronng cc cu sau y cu no ni v c im ca enzyme c nh l sai? A. C th xy ra hin tng cnh tranh c cht vi enzyme v cht mang. B. Tun theo nh lut Michaelis - Menten. C. Phn ng c iu khin d dng. D. Ch s dng c 1 ln. Cu 60 . cc ion kim loai c th kt ta protein nh (Mn2+,Fe2+,Co2+,Ni2+) l do: A. B. C. D. C th gn vo gc (-COOH) C th gn vo gc (-NH2) To lc ht tnh in vi cc phn t protein A,B,C u ng

Cu 61. trong phng php sc k trao i ion. Polymer pha tnh mang in tch m (-). Khi ta thm mui NaCl vo mi trng th A. B. C. D. Protein mang in tch m c phng thch ra ngoi Protein mang in tch dng c phng thch ra ngoi Phn t no mang in tch ln c phng thch trc Khng nh hng g.

Cu 62: protein concanAvalinA c tinh sch sau khi cho qua ct mang glucose bng lin kt cng ha tr. Trong khi tinh sach ,Khi ta thm mt lng glucose vo mi trng th: A. Glucose mi thm gn kt vi glucose trc dn n tng lin kt i lc gia protein v glucose B. Protein gn vo phn t glucose mi s gip phng thch phn t protein gn kt vi phn t glucose c. C. D. Protein tng lin kt i lc vi glucose khng phng thch protein Thm glucose khng nh hng. Cu 63: Polyacryamide c chn lm mi trng in di v: A. D lin kt vi cc phn t protein nh. B. Tr v mt ha hc. Page 15

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

C. To hnh hhanh chng. D. B v C ng. Cu 64: Thm acid amin (c cu trc khc vi protease) vo mi trng nui cy vi khun Bacillus Subtilis sinh tng hp protease s A. B. C. D. Gim qu trnh sinh tng hp protease. Tng qu trnh sinh tng hp protease. Khng nh hng g n qu trnh sinh tng hp protease. Tng vo pha tim tng.

Cu 65. Trong phng php tinh sch protein. Cht mang khng nh hng n s c nh enzyme trong cc phng php no? A. To mng bc (gi trong bao ty th) B. Hp ph C. Cng ha tr D. Nht trong gel Cu 66. yu t nh hng trc tip hot ng sng v kh nng sinh tng hp Enzyme ca vi khun l: A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. Phng hp nui cy Mi trng nui cy Nhit , ph ti u, thong kh Thit b nui cy Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng c cht. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng enzyme. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v pH mi trng. Mi quan h gia nng enzyma v nng c cht.

Cu 67: Phng trnh Michaelis Menten din t:

Cu 68: iu chnh mi trng nui cy vsv sn xut enzyme protease nh th no c th tit ra nhiu enzyme ny: A. B. C. D. A. B. Tng lng protein vi mt lng nht nh. Gim lng protein. Cho tht nhiu protein vo. Khng cn diu chnh thnh phn mi trng. Khng b ha tan trong iu kin thng Gi c hot tnh xc tc Page 16

Cu 69: Enzyme c nh c nhng u dim no:

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

C. D.

S dng c nhiu ln Tt c u ng

Cu 70 : Cacboxyl peptidase xc tc thu phn lin kt peptid v cc lin kt ny phi gn gc COOH t do, vy cacboxyl peptidase mang tnh cht: A. B. C. D. c hiu tuyt i. c hiu nhm. c hiu quang hc. Tt c u sai.

Cu 71: Cho bit: im ng in pI ca protein l pH m ti protein khng mang in tch (trung ho v in) do nng cation bng vi nng anion. Ta c protein A c pH<pI, protein B c pH>pI, vy: A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. Protein A tch in dng, protein B tch in m. Protein A tch in m, protein B tch in dng. Protein A v B u tch in dng. Protein A v B u tch in m. C cu to ging cu to enzyme C cu to ging cu to c cht nn cnh tranh vi c cht trn trung Lm bin dng trung tm hot ng ca enzyme Lm thay i lin kt gia apoenzyme v coenzyme

Cu 72: Cht c ch cnh tranh c tc dng c ch hot ng ca enzyme do:

tm hot ng ca enzyme

Cu 73: Phng trnh Michaelis Menten din t: A. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng c cht. B. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng enzyme. C. Mi quan h gia nng c cht v nng enzyme. D. Mi quan h gia nng c cht, nng enzyme v tc phn ng. Cu 74: Trong phng php nui cy b mt c nhc im no sau y?
A. B. C. D. E.

Kh x l khi mi trng b nhim vi sinh vt. (sai) i hi din tch ln. (ng) Cn thit b phc tp. (sai) Kh c gii ho, t ng ho trong quy m sn xut. (ng) B,C ng
F. A,B,D ng

Cu 75: Khi Km cng ln, iu ny c ngha l:t l nghch Page 17

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

A. i lc ca enzym i vi c cht cng ln B. i lc ca enzym i vi c cht cng nh C. i lc ca enzym khng ph thuc vo nng c cht D. Tc phn ng cng cao

E.

Tc phn ng t c na tc ti a.

Cu 76 : no khng ng khi ni v u im ca nui cy b mt: A. D thc hin. (ng) B. Khng cn thit b phc tp. (ng) C. Cn t din tch. (sai) D. D x l khi mi trng nui cy b nhim vi sinh vt. (ng) Cu 77: Phng php thm tch gip loi b cc cht no? A. Mui khong v cc loi ng monose. B. Mui khong v polysacharide C. Acid Nucleic v polysacharide D. Acid Nucleic v cc loi ng monose. Cu 78: Cu no khng ng khi ni v enzyme c nh? A. B gi hoc c c nh trong mt vng khng gian nht nh. B. Khng b ho tan trong iu kin bnh thng. C. Gi c hot tnh xc tc. D. c s dng mt ln. Cu 79: Tc phn ng ca enzyme lun tng tuyn tnh cng vi s tng nng enzyme.
A. ng.

B. Sai. Gim nng lng hot ha Tng nng lng hot ha Tng s tip xc gia cc phn t c cht

Cu 80: Vai tr xc tc ca enzym cho cc phn ng l: A. B. C.

D. Ngn cn phn ng nghch

Cu 81: Nguyn nhn gy bnh thiu mu hng cu hnh li lim? A. S thay i cu trc bc 1 hemoglobin ca acid amin v tr th 6 trong chui B. S thay i cu trc bc 1 hemoglobin ca acid amin v tr u tin trong chui C. S thay i cu trc bc 1 hemoglobin ca acid amin v tr cui cng trong chui D. S thay i cu trc bc 1 hemoglobin ca acid amin v tr th 2 trong chui

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 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

Cu 82: Alanin c pI = 6. Ha tan Alanin trong nc v cht in phn dung dch 2 pH. pH1 = 8, pH2 = 3, mi pH Alanin s ng yn, hay di chuyn v catot hay anot A. pH = 8 ng yn, pH = 3 i v catot B. pH = 8 i v anot, pH = 3 ng yn C. pH = 8 i v anot, pH = 3 i v catot D. pH = 8 i v catot, pH = 3 i v anot Cu 83: Ti sao n nm tht b ln vi u th d tiu ha hn ch n mi tht b? A. V trong u c enzym papain, c kh nng thy phn protein B. V trong u c enzym Urease, c kh nng thy phn protein C. V trong u c enzym Promela, c kh nng thy phn protein D. V trong u c enzym Amylase, c kh nng thy phn protein Cu 84: Phng php xc nh u N tn cng? A. Phng php Sanger B. Phng php Dansyl C. Phng php gim cp Edman D. Tt c u ng Cu 85: Phng trnh Michaelis Menten din t: A. B. C. D. E. Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng c cht Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v nng enzym Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v pH mi trng Mi quan h gia nng enzym v nng c cht Mi quan h gia tc phn ng v tt c nhng yu t nh hng n hot

ca enzyme Cu 86: Lin kt cng ha tr trong enzyme c nh c u im g? A. Enzyme c nh c bn cao B. D tip xc vi c cht C. Tt c u ng D. Tt c u sai Cu 87: Acid amin no tan tt nht trong nc: A. xistein B. Tyrosine C. Prolin D. Keratin Cu 88: Nguyn tc ca sc k lc gel? Page 19

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

A. Phn tch protein enzyme da trn s khc bit v kch thc. B. Pha tnh: dung dch protein/ m. Pha ng: polyacryamide, dextran hoc agarose. C. Pha tnh: polyacryamide, dextran hoc agarose. Pha ng: dung dch protein/ m D. A, B ng. E. A, C ng. Cu 89: Trc khi gia nhp chui polypeptide, cc acid amin phi c hot ho v: A. Nng lng i hi to thnh lin kt th cp gia cc acid amin cn 2000 calo/ptg. B. Nng lng i hi to thnh lin kt s cp gia cc acid amin cn 2000 calo/ptg C. Nng lng i hi to thnh lin kt peptid gia cc acid amin cn 2000 calo/ptg. D. Acid amin cn gn vi tRNA bng lin kt ester to bi nhm cacboxyl (-COOH-) ca acid amin vi nhm OH ca adenozin cui cng trong tRNA trong phc hp acid amin tRNA. Cu 90: Chn cu sai trong cc cu sau: c im ca enzyme c nh: A. Tun theo nh lut Michaelis Menten B. Hot tnh cao hn hot tnh enzyme t do. C. Bn nhit, pH dch chuyn v vng acid hoc kim. D. Kh nng bo qun tt hn, c th ti s dng nhiu ln, phn ng c iu khin d dng. Cu 91: K thut nng cao ging gm nhng k thut no? A. Phng php di truyn c in v phng php di truyn hin i. B. Phng php to kh nng thch v phng php thay i h thng di truyn. C. Phng php to kh nng thch nghi v phng php di truyn c in. D. Phng php thay i h thng di truyn v phng php di truyn hin i. Cu 92: Chn cu hi ng nht v tin cy nht Da vo phn ng xc tc ca Enzyme: E + S ES E + P * Trong thc nghim: Lm cch no xc nh phn ng c xy ra hay khng? xc nh hot ca E khi hot cn xc nh ca E rt thp. Phn tch s bin i theo thi gian trong iu kin phn ng ca: A. C cht cn li.

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 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

B. Sn phm to thnh. C. C c cht v sn phm. D. Khng th xc nh c. V do hot ca E cn xc nh rt thp, s chuyn ha c cht vn phi c mc bo ha c th xy ra nhng kh o c mt cch chnh xc. Khi , s xut hin ca sn phm phn ng c xc nh bng nhng cch o c hiu cho php s khng nh s c mt ca Enzyme mt cch tin cy. Cu 93: c im no sau y l c im ca cht mang c chn trong c nh enzyme: A. Bn vng, n nh. B. Tr trong mi trng phn ng . C. C tnh khng khun cao. D. Tt c u ng. Cu 94: Mt qu trnh tinh sch protein t s c: A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. Mc tinh sch cao, ch s Yield cao. Mc tinh sch cao, ch s Yield thp. Mc tinh sch cao, ch s Yield khng i. C 3 cu u sai Mt gc NH2, mt gc COOH v gc R. Hai gc NH2, mt gc COOH v gc R. Mt gc NH2, hai gc COOH v gc R. Mt gc NH2, mt gc COOH v 1 mch thng hydrocacbon. Cc dng ca gc R. S gc NH2. S gc COOH. S cacbon trn mch chnh.

Cu 95: Cu to chung ca aminoacid :p n k chnh xc

Cu 96: Aminoacid c phn loi da trn :

Cu 97: Trong qu trnh sinh tng hp acid amin: Lysine; Methionine; Threonine do enzyme Aspactokinase xc tc. Enzyme ny c 3 isoenzyme : al; am; at. Chn cu tr li sai: A. Qu trnh sinh tng hp al s b c ch bi nng Lysine. B. Qu trnh sinh tng hp am s b c ch bi nng ca Methionine. C. Qu trnh sinh tng hp at s b c ch ch bi nng Threonine.

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 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

D. Qu trnh sinh tng hp at s b c ch bi khi c c Threonine v Isoleucine t nng qu cao trong nhu cu t bo. Cu 98: Da vo l thuyt hin tng c ch v cm ng. Chn cu tr li sai ? A. Hin tng c ch thng gp i vi cc Enzyme xc tc qu trnh sinh tng hp 1 chiu nh : Qu trnh sinh tng hp acid amin; nucleotide. B. Cc Enzyme phn ng thng l nhng Enzyme xc tc cho qu trnh phn gii nh: protiase; amylase; pectinase; -galactosidase C. S cm ng thng c tnh dy chuyn. Tc l trong h thng gm nhiu phn ng, sn phm cui cng ca h thng c th cm ng qu trnh sinh tng hp tt c cc Enzyme xc tc cho qu trnh chuyn ha ca n. D. C ch ca hin tng cm ng: u tin, cht cm ng lm tng qu trnh sinh tng hp Enzyme tng ng. Sau sn phm ny li cm ng tng hp Enzyme ph hy n. Tip tc sn phm th 2 ny li cm ng tng hp nn Enzyme th 3. Cu 99: Hng s in mi lm gim lc tnh in gia cc nhm tch in gia protein v nc. Vy cu no sau y ng: A. Hng s in mi cao, tnh tan trong nc ca protein gim B. Hng s in mi cao, tnh tan trong nc ca protein tng C. Khi thm dung mi hu c trung tnh (ethanol, acetol..) th hng s in mi gim D. Khi thm dung mi hu c trung tnh (ethanol, acetol..) th hng s in mi tng E. Hai trong 4 cu trn Cu 100: Hai cu no sau y sai: A. pH > pI protein mang in tch m B. pH < pI protein mang in tch dng C. pH > pI protein mang in tch dng(m) D. pH < pI protein mang in tch m(dng) Cu 101 : Theo thuyt ca Brontest, acid amine c gi l diacid v? A. Trong mi trng acid amine nhng proton 2 ln. B. Va c nhm amino, va c nhm acid. C. V acid amine l 1 acid yu. D. C 3 cu u ng. E. Hai trong 3 cu ng. Cu 102: Qu trnh phn tch protein ph thuc? A. Kch thc ca cc phn t. B. Tc dng chy. Page 22

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

C. Lng mu np vo ct v chiu di ct. D. Hai trong 3 cu sai. E. C A, B, C. Cu 103 : Chn cu tr li sai v ngha ca cc nguyn tc qu trnh thu nhn v tinh sch protein-enzyme: A. S lng cc bc tinh sch thp nht, gip h gi thnh sn phm, tit kim chi ph sn xut. B. S lng cc bc tinh sch thp, gip gi hot tnh ca enzyme cao nht. C. p dng k thut tinh sch khc nhau cho mi bc, gip hiu sut tinh sch cao. D. p dng k thut tinh sch khc nhau cho mi bc khng hiu qu bng vic p dng 1 k thut tinh sch nhng lp i lp li nhiu ln. Cu 104: Trng hp no sau y c th p dng phng php sc k lc gel tt nht: A. B. C. D. Hn hp bao gm cc phn t c kch thc gn bng nhau. Lng th tch mu ln, thch hp dng cho bc tinh sch ban u. Yu cu tc dng chy nhanh. Hn hp bao gm cc phn t c kch thc khc nhau v vi lng mu c c c. Cu hi t lun: Cu 1: Nu c ch iu ha sinh tng hp theo kiu cm ng Khi mi trng khng c cht cm ng, gen iu ha R s to ra repressor, repressor ny s gn vo vng Operator (Operator trng thi ng), c ch qu trnh sao m sinh tng hp enzyme. Khi mi trng c cht cm ng, cht cm ng ny s gn vi repressor, lm cho n khng cn kh nng gn vo vng Operator,qu trinh sao m xy ra, enzyme c tng hp. Cu 2: Enzyem c nh c c im g? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 2. 3. Hot tnh thp hn hot tnh enzyme t do. Tun theo inh lut Michaelis_Menten. Bn nhit, pH chuyn v vng acid hoc kim. Kh nng bo qun tt hn. C th ti s dng nhiu ln. Phn ng c iu khin d dng. Ging phi to ra sn phm chnh c nng sut cao, sn phm ph t. S dng c cc ngun nguyn liu r tin. Sau khi ln men tch khi sinh khi. Page 23

Cu 3: Nu yu cu v cht lng ging VSV ln men?

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

4. 5. 6.

Thun khuyt khng ln VSV khc. C kh nng thch ng v sinh sn nhanh. Thi gian ln men ngn, hiu sut cao.

Cu 4: Tai sao khi tng nng enzyme n 1 gii han nao o thi khi tng na hiu sut phan ng vi c cht se khng tng na?. Tra li Vi mi u nng enzyme con thp thi khi tng nng enzyme ln, enzyme tip xuc vi c cht cang nhiu lam tng hiu sut phan ng. Nu tip tuc tng n mt gii han nao o thi mi enzyme se tip xuc vi 1 c cht luc nay tc phan ng la ln nht nn khi tip tuc tng nng enzyme ln thi tc phan ng khng tng na. Ngoai ra khi tng nng enzyme nhiu qua thi enzyme lai can tr qua trinh enzyme tip xuc vi c cht nn tc phan ng cung khng tng. Cu 5. Anh/ Ch hy nu s ging nhau v khc nhau gia cht xc tc sinh hc v cht xc tc ha hc.(trong bi ging) Cu 6: hy nu chc nng ca protein: -Cc protein l thnh phn cu to c s ca cc t bo, bao gm cc mng t bo, cc bo quan, b my di truyn ca chng. cng l cc protein dng si lm thnh cc c quan b phn trn c th cc ng vt, nh: collagen lm nn xng, sn, gn v da; keratin cu to nn cc lp ngoicng ca da v tc, mng, sng v lng; - Cc enzyme ng vai tr xc tc cho tt c cc phn ng ha hc trong t bo v c th u l nhng protein hnh cu. Quan trng nht l cc enzyme tham gia vo cc con ng chuyn ha v cc enzyme tham gia vo cc qutrnhtruynthng tin di truyntrong t bo. Cu 7: Nu khi nim v c im enzyme c nh. Tr li: Enzyme c nh: - bi gi hoc c c nh trong mt vng khng gian nht nh. - Khng b ha tan trong cc iu kin bnh thng - gi chot tnh xc tc - c s dng nhiu ln c im: - Hot tnh thp hn hot tnh enzyme t do - Tun theo nh lut Michaelis - Menten - Bn nhit pH dch chuyn v vng acid hoc kim Page 24

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

- Kh nng bo qun tt hn - C th ti s dng nhiu ln - Phn ng c iu kin d dng Cu 8: v sao enzyme cn phn ph v c ch tc dng ca enzyme? Enzyme c phn ph to tnh bn vng cho enzyme hot ng C ch xc tc: qu trnh to phc cht enzyme c cht v bin i phc ny thnh sn phm gii phng enzyme t do thng qua 3 giai on: Giai on 1: enzyme kt hp vi c cht bng lin kt yu to thnh phc cht E S (khng bn), nng lng hot ha cho phn ng ny rt thp Giai on 2: xy ra s bin i c cht, ph v cc lin kt ng ha tr tham gia phn ng
Giai on 3: to thnh ssn phm cn enzyme gii phng di dng t do

Cu 9: Nhng iu g cn lu khi thc hin c nh Enzyme? Enzyme phi n nh trong iu kin xy ra phn ng. quan trng nht l hot lc v bn ca n theo thi gian phn ng. Nu c th c th cc hp cht tham gia phn ng to lin kt ngang (gia cht mang v enzyme) s ch yu tng tc vi nhng nhm chc nng nm ngoi trung tm hot ng ca enzyme. Nu khng th cht tham gia phn ng to lin kt ngang phi c kch thc ln khng cho php n xm nhp, nh hng n TTH ca Enzyme. TTH ca enzyme phi lun c bo v bi cc phng php khc nhau. Khi ra thit b phn ng thu hi enzyme khng c lm nh hng xu n hot tnh ca E c gn vo cht mang. Khi la chn cht mang cn phi n phn ng E s din ra c th, sao cho khng lm nh hng thm ch hy hoi ch mang v sn phm phn ng khng c c ch hot ng ca E. Cn lu n bn ca cht mang nht l khi phn ng trong cc ct cng sut ln. Cu 10 : trong qu trnh c nh enzyme cn lu nhng yu t no? 1. Enzyme phi n nh trong nhng iu kin xy ra phn ng. 2. Nu c th c th cc hp cht tham gia phn ng to lin kt ngang s ch yu ch tng tc vi nhng nhm chc nng nm ngoi tm hot ng ca enzyme.

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3. Nu iu kin trn khng thc hin c, th cht tham gia phn ng to lin kt ngang phi c kch thc ln khng cho php n xm nhp vo tm hot ng ca enzyme. 4. Tm hot ng phi lun lun c bo v (nu thc hin c) bng cc phng php khc nhau. V d enzyme c cha nhm SH th cn phi x l n s b bng glutathione hay xystein v ch ti hot ha enzyme sau khi gn n vo cht mang. i khi c th che tm hot ng bng cch b sung vo hn hp phn ng c cht c bo ha bi ezyme. 5. Bin php ra tch enzyme khng c gn, khng gy nh hng xu n enzyme c gn. 6. Khi la chn h c nh cn phi n phn ng c th. V d tht v ngha nu bng l hc ta a enzyme vo gel mang bng con ng l hc v s dng n xc tc phn ng thy phn polymer cao phn t nh xenluloza chng hn. cng nh vy cc polyanion s khng c vai tr ng k nu n l cht mang ca enzyme xc tc bin i c cht anion thnh sn phm cation, c bit l nu nh enzyme ny li cn b c ch bi sn phm ca phn ng. 7. Cn phi tnh n cc tnh cht c hc ca cht mang. c bit iu ny lin quan ti nhng cht mang c s dng trong nhng ct ln. Cu 11 : Ngoi cc yu t lm nh hng ng hc phn ng nh nng Enzym, nng c cht, cht km hm, cht hot ho, nhit v pH ra th cn nhng yu t no lm nh hng n n na? Ngoi cc yu t lm nh hng ng hc phn ng nh nng Enzym, nng c cht, cht km hm, cht hot ho, nhit v pH ra th cn:

n h s n g : C n h h n g k h c n h a u n t n g l o i e n z y m e , c c bc

sng khc nhau c nh hng khc nhau, thng nh sng trng ctc ng mnh nht, nh sng c tc ng yu nht.nh sng vng t ngoi cng c th gy nn nhng bt li, enzyme trng thi dung dch bn hn khi c kt tinh dng tinh th, nng enzyme trong dung dch cng thp th cng km bn, tc ng ca tia tn g o i s t n g l n k h i n h i t . V d : d i t c n g c a t i a t n g o i nhit cao, enzyme amylase nhanh chng mt hot tnh

S chiu in: in chiu vi cng cng cao th tc ng phhy cng mnh. Tc ng s mnh hn i vi dch enzyme c nng thp. C th do to thnh nhng gc t do, t tn cng vo phn ngenzyme. Page 26

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

Sng siu m: Tc ng rt khc nhau i vi tng loi enzyme,c enzyme b mt hot tnh, c enzyme li khng chu nh hng Cu 12: Enzym c nh l g? Nu mt s ng dng ca enzyme c nh? Tr li Enzym c nh l: b gi hoc c c nh trong mt vng khng gian nht nh khng b ha tan trong cc iu kin bnh thng gi c hot tnh xc tc c s dng nhiu ln. Mt s ng dng ca enzyme c nh l:

Trong y hc S dng enzyme di dng micro capsul a enzyme vo c th, cha bnh ri lon enzyme. Urease gn trong vi tiu cu c s dng c hiu qu loi tr urea ca mu trong thn nhn to. Vi tiu cu cha catalase thay th mt cch c hiu qu s catalase b thiu trong c. a vi tiu cu c gn enzyme L asparaginase vo c th c kh nng c ch s pht trin ca mt s u c tnh v s pht trin ca nhng u ny ph thuc vo s c mt ca L asparagine. Nghin cu cu trc phn t enzyme, cu to mng t bo, m hnh ha h thng enzyme trong t bo. Trong cng nghip T nm 1969 Wilson xy dng thnh cng mt xng thc nghim sn xut lin tc glucose bng glucoamylase c nh; T nm 1971 ngi ta thnh cng trong vic dng chimotripsin c nh trn carboxymethylcellulose lm ng t sa cho renin t tin; Enzyme rasemase c nh c s dng chuyn ton b D- aminoacid thnh Laminoacid tng ng, lm tng gi tr sn phm ln gp i; S dng enzyme aminoacylase c nh sn xut L amino acid; S dng enzyme lactase c nh thy phn lactose;

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Lm trong nc tri cy bng cch x l enzyme phn gii pectin hay thy phn protein trong bia bng protease hon ton c th c thc hin trong cc ct cha enzyme c nh tng ng; C nh enzyme glucoisomerase trong ct hon ton c hiu qu i vi vic ngn nga s chuyn ha glucose thnh fructose, lm cho ngt trong nc gii kht b gim; Sn xut khng sinh. Trong phn tch ha sinh Glucoamylase gn ng ha tr vi polystyrol c dng xc nh t ng glucose; in cc urease c nh dng xc nh t ng urea trn dng lin tc; in cc alcoholoxydoreductase c nh c dng xc nh methanol, ethanol trong dung dch nc. Cu 13: ti sao nng mui thp tnh tan ca prottein tng. nng mui cao tnh tan ca protein li gim mnh? - Trong dung dch, protein c bao bc xung quanh bi cc ion mui mang in tch tri du. Chnh c tnh ny gia tng hot tnh ca cc dung mi, lm gim cc phn t protein khng mang in tch, do lm tng tnh tan ca protein trong dung mi - nng mui cao: gia tng lng ion mui trong dung dch, gim qu trnh salvate ha, giam tnh tan ca proteiin dn n s kt ta. cu 14 : Khi enzyme kt ta c mt hot tnh khng, gii thch? Tr li: Enzyme trong dung dch d b kt ta bi cc yu t vt l, ha hc nh mui, cc dung mi hu c ( etanol, acetol) nhit thp enzyme kt ta nhng khng mt hot tnh. Ngc li di tc dng ca cc yu t gy bin tnh (acid hoc kim c, mui kim loi nng) nhit cao=> enzyme mt hot tnh Gii thch: Trng thi keo ca protein bn vng nh s cn bng nh s cn bng cc in tch v lp v thy ha. Khi trng thi b ph v bi cc yu t nh nhit cao, mui, kim loi nng, dung mi hu c, th protein d kt ta. hin tng ny c th thun nghch hoc khng thun nghch. Thun nghch: n c th tr li trang thi ban u khi s tc ng cha su sc=> khng lm mt hot tnh ca enzyme

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 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

Khng thun nghch: nu s tc ng lu v su sc=> enzyme mt hot tnh. Trong cc tnh cht ca protein, tnh cht quang hc thng dng v Cu 15: Nng c cht nh hng nh th no n tc phn ng? Nu nng c cht thp s c s t l thun gia nng c cht v tc phn ng. Nu tip tc tng nng c cht s n lc tc phn ng khng ph thuc vo nng c cht. V khi nng cao cc enzyme bo ho c cht th tc phn ng khng tng na Cu 16: Ti sao im ng in (pH = pI) protein b kt ta? V pH = pI th phn t protein khng tch in nn chng khng c lc y tnh in v d b ng kt Cu 17: Nu cc bc thu nhn enzyme: Ph v cu trc t bo bng cc phng php : c hc (nghin xay vi bt thu tinh, ct thch anh), dung mi hu c (butanol, actol), sng siu m Sau khi nghin nh, enzyme c chit rt bng nc hay dung dch thu c sau khi chit ngoi enzyme cn mt s hp cht cao phn t khc na do cn phi loi b, tinh sch: +) loi mui cc tp cht c trng lng phn t thp ta dng phng php thm tch qua mng bn thm +) loi protein l v tp cht c trng lng phn t cao, phi hp nhiu phng php khc nhau nh: sc k hp ph, sc k trao i ion, in di, lc gel. Cu 18: Trnh by cc kiu tc dng ca cht km hm v nu cch khc phc: Tr li: + Km hm cnh tranh; Phi cnh tranh v hn hp. km hm cnh tranh: Cc I ny c cu trc tng t vi cu trc ca c cht bnh thng ca Enzyme. Do , n cn tr s hnh thnh TTH ca E theo cch ging vi S. V cnh tranh vi S kt hp vo TTH ca E, nhng khc vi S ch n khng b chuyn ha bi E. km hm phi cnh tranh: Cc cht I phi cnh tranh ch kt hp vi phc ES v khng kt hp vi E t do. C th, khi ES kt hp vi nhau lm thay i dng khng gian ca phn t, to thnh trung tm kt hp vi I, to thnh phc ESI khng b chuyn ha tip. hn hp: Trong trng hp ny I c th kt hp vi E to thnh EI hoc vi ES to thnh ESI. Khc phc: Page 29

 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

Trong km hm cnh tranh: hn ch kh nng c ch ca I vi S bng cch tng nng ca c cht S. Trong km hm phi cnh tranh v hn hp: th khng th tng nng c cht. Gii php tt nht l to ra cht c ch li I.

Anh(ch) hy hon thnh cu di y cho ng: Cu 1: Khi c mt cht cm ng ,cht c ch(R) c tng hp c hot tnh s kt hp vi vng Operator ngn cng enzyme RNA_polymerase khng cho qu trnh sao m xy ra. Cu 2. Trong phng php thu nhn emzyme sau khi ph v t bo hoc ln mem ngi ta dung phng php hoc thu nhn emzyme ni bo v ngoi bo ha tan trong dung dch Cu 3 . Hai acid amin c v ng l: isoleucine v arginine. Cu 4. Trong phng php xc nh hot . Nu thng s c dnh l thi gian v nng enzyme th cc thng s thay i l s bin i c cht v sn phm. Cu 5: 6 yu t nh hng n ng hc phn ng: 1. Nng enzyme. 2. Nng c cht. 3. Cht km hm. 4. Cht hot ha. 5. Nhit . 6. pH. Cu 6. Mt phn t protein thng bao gm mt hay nhiu chui polypeptit. Mi chui polypeptit l 1 dy cc axit amin lin kt vi nhau qua lin kt peptide. Chng l cc lin kt cng ha tr gia cc nhm carboxyl ca axit amin ca nhm ny vi nhm amino ca axit amin k tip trong dy. Trong cu trc ca protein th axit amin Cystein c vai tr quan trng trong vic quy nh cu trc khng gian ca protein bi n thng hnh thnh cc lin kt disulfite (S-S). mc cu trc bc 2 ca protein c 2 hnh dnh cu hnh l xon anpha v xon beta. Cu trc xon anpha c hnh thnh do lin kt hydro gia nhm amin ca axit amin ny vi nhm carbolxyl ca axit amin cch n 1 khong 4 axit amin trong chui protein. Cu 7: Trong in di im ng in th khi hn hp protein c cho vo, mi protein s di chuyn cho n khi gp gi tr pH v tng ng vi pI ca chng

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 cng cng ngh protein enzyme

Cu 8: Trong tinh sch protein, c 3 phng php c ng dng nhiu nht l: Sc k lc gel da vo.. (1).., Sc k trao i ion da vo(2)..v Sc k i lc da vo (3) (1) Kch thc phn t (2) in tch ca phn t (3) i lc ca phn t vi 1 phn t khc Cu 9: hn ch s bin tnh protein-enzyme trong qu trnh chit tch protein-enzyme cn tin hnh nhit , thi gian thao tc nhanh, khng c dng , nng cao, trnh dng mui kim loi nng v hn ch tc nhn vt l khc Cu 10: in di l hin tng cc phn t di chuyn trn gi th trong mi trng c in trng chy qua Cu 11: Hin tng cm ng lm tng qu trnh sinh tng hp enzyme do trong mi trng c cht cm ng. Enzyme c nh l enzyme b gi hoc c nh trong mt vng khng gian nht nh, khng b ha tan trong cc iu kin bnh thng, gi c hot tnh xc tc. V c s dng nhiu ln. Hon thnh cc tnh cht ca enzyme c nh:
12. 13. 14.

Hot ring thp hn dng ha tan. Hng s Km biu kin c th thay i. pH ti u c th b thay i.

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