QUN KHNG CA TAM LUN i s n Thun - Thch Nguyn Chn Dch (Trch t Diu Vn Tp) ---o0o--Ngun http://thuvienhoasen.

org Chuyn sang ebook 28-7-2009 Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin namthien@gmail.com Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org ---o0o--Khng l php qun chung ca Pht gio, nhng php qun ca cc nh Trung Qun khng ging vi php qun ca cc tng phi khc. Lun i Tr 12 nu ra 3 loi Khng l Phn ph khng, Qun khng v Thp bt khng. "Phn ph khng" tc l Tch php khng (Khng, do phn tch) m tng Thin Thai ni. Nh ly bng vi lm v d, nu phn tch si bng vi ny n cc vi, ri phn tch n lc khng cn ci g phn tch c na, tc hin ra tng Khng, v th cc vi gi l Ln h. l lun v mt vt cht chim hu khng gian; cn v thi gian th phn tch n st-na, tc mt nim ngn nht, khng cn tng trc sau, li phn tch n khi khng cn mang c tnh ca thi gian na, th cng hin ra tng Khng. T php Phn ph ny m phn tch n "khng" tt c nhng tn ti trong thi gian v khng gian. "Qun khng" l ni t tc dng ca qun tm. Nh qun bng vi l xanh th thnh bng vi xanh, nu qun l mu vng tc thnh bng vng ... Qun 10 bin x, chnh l trnh by c th phng php ny. Do phng php qun Khng m bit cnh s qun l khng. V d nh ch mt ngi n m k on th thy th sn hn, tnh nhn thy th yu thch, con thy th knh mn, chim th thy th s hi b chy. V th, thng ght, p xu u ty theo qun tm bt ng m thay i. V qun cnh khng tht th nn gi l Qun khng. Trong 18 Khng th Kinh Bt-nh ch trng n T tnh khng. T tnh khng l bn th ca bt c mt php no, bn th ny bt kh c, m ng th tc khng. Lun i Tr tuy c ni n 3 loi Khng qun, nhng cha phn bit v trit v khng trit . Cn c theo cc b lun ca ngi Long Th th 3 loi Khng qun ny u khin cho ngi thu t ngha Khng. V th Lun i Tr gm thu tt c m ni c 3 loi Khng. Nu kho st t m s gii thch ca cc php i Tiu tha, th "Phn ph khng" l phng php thng dng ca cc Lun s A-t-t-ma. Nh Hu b, dng qun hu phn tch Sc n Ln h, vt

khi Ln h tc l Khng. Nhng Hu b khng tha nhn tt c php u Khng, tri li tha nhn cc vi c t tnh. Nh phn tch m bit nhng s vt no l gi hp c, nhng ci no l nguyn t (cc vi sau cng) cho gi hu s y. i vi Tm php th cng dng phng php ny phn tch n mt nim st-na. Phng php ny khng th t n tt c u khng, tri li tr thnh ch cn c cho t tnh tht hu. Nh phn tch cc vi n ch cui cng l c ngn thuyt, c phng php phn tch, ri n c ngn thuyt m khng th phn tch, cng c ngn thuyt c phng php m khng phn tch c. Nhng th no i na, cui cng cng l cc vi c tnh tht ti. C nhn ni "Thanh g 1 thc, mi ngy ct i i mi vn khng bao gi ht". Php Phn ph khng, vn l "Tn khng" ni trong Kinh A-hm, tuy khng c trit , nhng c th lm phng tin, v th ngi Long Th cng c dn dng. Qun khng chnh l php qun m cc nh Duy Thc s dng. Phng php ny cc nh Kinh b t xa ng dng rt ph bin. H ni 12 x (cn cnh) khng tht c, tc thnh lp cnh S qun chng tht. Sau ny cc nh Duy Thc i tha s dng php Qun khng ny mt cch cc oan. Nh ni : "Qu, bng sanh, tri, ngi, mi mi ty theo ch cm ng m cnh hin hin sai khc, ngha ny khng chn tht". Nh c thy nc l nh, tri thy l lu ly, qu thy l mu m, ngi thy l nc trong. T iu ny c th thy cc cnh, nh hoc nc v.v... chng tht, ch l ty theo nghip bo mi loi m c s nhn thc khng ging nhau. Kinh A-tt-ma i tha, cc s Du-gi u cn c vo php ny thuyt minh ngoi cnh khng tht c, thnh lp V phn bit tr, th chng t tnh ly ngn. iu ny c th tham kho trong Lun Nhip i Tha th r rng hn. "Qun khng" v "Phn ph khng" ging nhau. Phn ph khng nh phn tch gi tht m thnh lp gi danh khng. Qun khng, trn quan im nhn thc lun th ni n tnh v s hu ca cnh s qun. Qun khng, cng khng th t n nht thit php rt ro khng, v qun Khng hn nh vic phi dng tm nng qun qun xt ngoi cnh bt kh c, bn thn ca tm nng qun li khng th dng qun Khng nh th thnh lp n l khng. V th kt qu vic ng dng qun Khng, tt nhin s t n trng thi cn tm khng cn cnh. Cnh khng tm c, chc chn cng c th lm phng tin t n ngha Khng. Nhng theo mt ngha no m lun th khng ch s khng (cnh) khng th trit , m cn khng c ci chng nn khng. Hc gi "Phn ph khng" tha nhn cc vi v tm, tm s c t tnh, nhng cc hin tng do cc vi ha hp, hoc ng do 5 un ha hp, th u cho l gi. H qun i tnh duyn khi ca gi php, tc h khng tha nhn tt c php l duyn khi. Do mt mt va khng

th t n rt ro khng, m thnh Tng ch chp; mt mt khc, php duyn khi khng nn ph hoi cng qun thnh khng, tc tr thnh Tn gim chp. Cc hc gi Duy Thc t php duyn khi vo php tm v tm s (Y tha khi tnh), nn khng th t n tm V t tnh. i vi tnh duyn khi ca lc trn (cnh) th khng quan tm n, v th khng th kh hp Trung o. B-tt Long Th pht huy ngha Khng, l xc lp ni T tnh khng, chng phi ch phn ny l khng, m phn kia chng phi khng; cng chng phi cnh khng m tm chng khng. Lun i Tr 74 c nu 3 loi khng l Tam-mui (Tm) khng, S duyn (cnh) khng v T tnh khng. Tam-mui khng khc vi qun Khng trong ba loi Khng ni trc. Tc khi qun Khng (3 Tam-mui) th ni tm nng qun hin tng khng. Nh Thp bin x qun, khi qun mu xanh th tt c php u xanh, khi qun vng th tt c php u vng, xanh vng u l cnh qun t qun tm. Nh th Khng cng do qun tng t Khng qun m c. Trong Kinh thng ni cc php "Khng" ch nng theo qun hu nng qun m qun l Khng, v khng chp trc ngoi cnh v la h lun, nn gi l Khng, tht ra cc php chng phi Khng. iu ny nn ni rng Khng l do tm qun tng m thnh, ch chng phi l bn tng ca cc php. Nh th, nu chp c ci bt khng, th khng th t n v cng s khng tha nhn gio thuyt liu ngha Nht thit khng. "S duyn khng", tri ngc vi Tam-mui khng. Tc khi cnh gii S duyn khng, by gi Tm nng qun mi g vo cnh s duyn khng m qun l khng. S duyn ny khng, tt nhin nng qun chng th khng. Loi ny gn ging vi Qun Khng trong ba loi Khng ni trc. Nhng Qun Khng l lun theo cnh ty qun tm m bin chuyn, cn S duyn khng l ni theo cnh s duyn khng tht. Ngi Long Th tng bnh lun : "C ngi ni : Ba Tam-mui, v tng, v tc, tm s php l khng; v khng cho nn qun cc php l khng. C ngi ni : Cc php s duyn nh sc ... u khng. V s duyn khng cho nn gi l Khng Tam-mui". i vi vic ny Pht ni : "Chng phi do Khng Tam-mui m ni khng, cng chng v cc php s duyn nh ngoi sc ... m khng..., la hai bn ny m ni Trung o, l ni cc php do nhn duyn ha hp sanh. Cc php ha hp ny khng nht nh cho nn gi l khng". Ngi Long Th ni : "Khng c php nht nh cho nn khng". Trong Kinh Bt-nh ni tt c php do duyn hp m thnh, duyn hp tc khng, khng ny, l Tt cnh khng v t tnh. Do y c th bit, ngha Khng ca Trung qun l nu theo nhn qu ca php duyn khi, th t

duyn khi m bit v t tnh, t v t tnh m bit tt c php rt ro u khng. Nu thin chp hoc Tam-mui khng, hoc S duyn khng, th ch trn mt nhn thc lun cng khng th t duyn khi m bit khng, khng t n kt qu tt c php u khng. T khng v Tha khng, l hai loi Khng qun bt ng. Nh qun kia l khng, nu lun theo T khng th ng th ca hoa l khng, theo Tha khng th hoa ny khng tht c, nn ni l khng. Nhng chng phi bn thn ca hoa l khng. Phm Chn Tht Ngha trong LUN DU-GI ghi : "Do php kia cho nn khng, php kia tht l khng. T y m kia khng, nn y tht l c; do o l y, cho nn ni l khng". Ngha l do php ny khng m b php kia, khng c php kia nn ni l khng, ch ni php ny c. Cc nh Duy Thc ni Khng, cho d gii thch kho lo th no i na, vnh vin cng khng th ra khi vng Tha khng ny. Tha khng lun ny, khng phi do cc nh Duy Thc sng lp, m do Tt-b-a b khi xng. Lun s ni ting Th Hu tng ni Khng v V ng ging nhau, v V ng l liu ngha rt ro, cn Khng chng c nh th. Nh ni nm un v ng, l rt ro, tht l v ng. Nu ni nm un l khng, th chng rt ro. V nm un v ng, cho nn Pht ni khng, nhng nm un chng th l khng. Nu ni "Cc hnh l khng", tc l ni cc hnh khng c Ng v Ng s, cho nn khng, ch chng phi "hnh" l khng. Cc nh Duy Thc k tha t tng ny, cho nn ni t Y tha khng m xa la tng Bin k s chp, gi l Khng; nhng Y tha khi l t tng hu, chng th ni l khng. Tha khng lun nh th sm kt hp vi T tnh hu mt cch chc chn v tt nhin ri. Ni xa hn th t tng Tha khng thy trong Kinh Trung A-hm, nh Kinh Tiu Khng trong Trung A-hm chnh l ni v Tha khng lun. T tng ny c lin quan n Pht gio Ty bc n . Tha khng trong Kinh Tiu Khng, tc l tr b mt vi php ny, lu gi mt vi php kia, vn l php "Thin nh th t", gi l Khng m chng th lp Nht thit khng. Kinh ny dng "Lc t mu ging ng u khng" lm d. Lc t mu ging ng khng, tc l ni trong ging ng khng c nai, d ... V th ni l khng, m chng phi l ging ng trng khng, cng chng phi l trong ging ng khng c Tkheo, cng chng phi ni khc khng c d nai, nh th mi gi l khng. y l Khng qun n gin. Kinh Lng Nghim gi y l "B b khng" qu th thin, khng nn s dng. Loi Khng qun "Do kia nn khng, kia tht l khng, do ni y m kia khng, nn y tht c", rt nhiu dng thc, nhng phng php cn bn vn khng thay i. V th ngha Khng ca cc nh Duy Thc dng Tha khng lun ca Pht gio Ty bc n lm gc, tuy c tip nhn thuyt Nht thit php khng ca i tha, nhng vn

cn cch bit. T khng cng bt ngun t A-hm. Nh KINH TP AHM ghi : "Thng l khng ..., ng ng s l khng, v t tnh nh th". Ngha l ng th ca thng, ng v ng s tc khng; chng phi l ngoi khng c ring thng, ng, ng s chng khng. Thng, ng, ng s s d l khng, v t tnh ca n nh th. Nh Kinh Thng Ngha Khng (335) trong TP A-HM ghi : "V ng, v ng s m c nghip bo nhn qu lu chuyn". Nhng chng phi l trong Thng ngha c nhn qu nghip bo lu chuyn. V th ni "Tc s php, tc l y c nn kia c, y sanh nn kia sanh, ngha l V minh duyn Hnh ...". Tng tc hu ca Duyn khi nhn qu l Th tc , trong Thng ngha khng c ng v ng s, tc l Khng. Tm li, T khng l t ni ng th ca php m t c khng, Tha khng th t khng ca php ny m tr b php kia t khng. V th, Th tc gi danh khng v Thng ngha tt cnh khng ca Trung Qun, cc nh Tha khng lun khng th tha nhn. H cn c theo kin ca chnh mnh m tu chnh rng : "Nht thit giai khng l bt liu ngha". iu ny tri vi lp trng ca T tnh khng. Sau ny cc hc gi Duy Thc khi lun v Khng, th ch ni n vic tr b Bin k s chp. Nh th, khng ch khng th ni duyn khi t Khng hin, m chng th ngay xc nhn c cc php u khng, v th T khng v Tha khng cn bn bt ng. Gi s dn dng Thnh Duy Thc Lun : "Nu chp Duy thc l tht c, cng l php chp", ri cho rng Duy Thc cng ni Tm Tm s php ca Duyn khi l khng, th khng trnh khi chuyn gn p. Ti cm thy Nht thit giai khng ca cc nh Trung Qun, ch yu c hin th t nhn qu duyn khi, cn tng Duy Thc th bn t mt nhn thc lun. Nh Duy Thc cho rng t nhn qu duyn khi lun v khng l chung cho Tiu tha, khng trit . i tha cn phi t nhn thc m thuyt minh. Nh LUN NHIP I THA ghi : "T nhin t th khng, t tnh chng bn tr, nh chng c chp th, nn ni v t tnh". V t tnh, chng phi l ni t tnh hon ton khng c. Nh php v lai th sanh v lai, t phi i duyn, nht nh khng th t nhin sanh, v th gi l V t tnh. Qu kh dit l v th, tc l ni T th khng. Hin ti sanh dit khng dng l "T tnh khng bn tr", tc theo s lu chuyn ca nhn qu ba i m ni V t tnh. Kinh A-hm cng c cch ni ny. V th Nhip Lun cho l php chung vi Tiu tha. "Nh chng c chp th, nn ni V t tnh", y l lun theo Bin k v t tnh, nu i vi tt c php m chp t tng, cng tng, ng tng, php tng u l theo tn lp ngha, y ngha lp tn, l gi danh lp by, chng phi l t tng hu. La phi T tng hu ca Bin k ny tc l Khng v t tnh ca i tha. y l iu m tng Duy Thc cho rng chng cng vi Tiu tha, nhng nu nghin cu k cu : "Tng chp th chng c" th Kinh A-hm

cng thng ni n "Bt kh th, bt kh c". "Nh chng c chp th", th cc hc gi Thanh vn cng c th t n vy. Kinh 926 trong TP AHM ghi : "Khi Ca-chin-din nhp vo chn tht (Thng ngha thin), th khng chp th tt c tng m nhp nh". Bn dch khc li ghi : "Ch v nh vo nhn duyn ha hp m c cc tn, qun cc php ny khng tch th khng thy c php v phi php". Phm Chn Tht dn cu ny v cho l gio chng ca php tnh ly ngn. Th th u th ni php Thanh vn khng c ? Do c th bit, trn mt nhn thc khng chp th cc tng l khng th cng cn l cng Tiu tha. Y c vo php duyn khi nhn qu r v t tnh khng, th chng ging vi ba thuyt ca Nhip Lun. Duyn sanh tc v t tnh, t tnh bt kh c l khng, v v t tnh khng, cho nn h lun chp c t tnh l in o, m chnh qun nh tht tc chng chp th cc tng. Khi nhp Thng ngha thin, chng chp th tt c tng, nhng tt nhin s khng la nhn qu duyn khi m an lp. KINH BT-NH ghi : "Nu tht c mt php th Pht v B-tt l ra phi c li lm". C chp trc tc l php nhim , khng thanh tnh. iu ny Kinh A-hm cng c ni n. Y vo php duyn khi nhn qu hin th tt c php khng l Khng mn, chng chp th tt c tng l V tng mn. Khng mn, V tng mn, V tc mn, tuy phng tin c th khng ng, nhng tht ra mt ng th tt c u ng. Tam gii thot mn cng duyn tht tng. Trung Qun dng Khng mn ca duyn khi v t tnh lm gc, nhng cng lun n V tng mn. Cn cc nh Duy Thc ch t Khng qun ni "chng bng c s th" th khng th ngay ni nhn qu m t c khng. y l im bt ng ca hai tng. Trn ni duyn khi v t tnh, l ni n nh ngha ca Khng. iu m ngi Long Th ni n nhiu, chnh l im bt ng vi cc hc phi khc. V th khng th theo vn hiu ngha m thy cc danh t Duyn khi, T tnh khng ri vi cho l ng quy v mt mi.

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