Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

LI M U
Ngy nay vi thi i Cng Ngh Thng Tin th nghnh in T -Vin Thng l mt ngnh khng km phn quan trng trong i sng ca con ngi. in T Vin Thng gp phn cho Cng Ngh Thng Tin pht trin. C Vin Thng chng ta mi c th lin lc vi nhau mt cch nhanh chng m khng nht thit phi gp nhau. Cng vi s pht trin nhanh chng ca cng ngh in T - Vin Thng th gii, vi k hoch tng tc pht trin ca ngnh vin thng mng vin thng Vit Nam ngy cng hin i hn i hi nhng ngi lm ch mng li phi nm vng chc cc kin thc c bn bn v Cng Ngh Vin Thng hin i, trong c lnh vc v tng i ni b PABX. Trong lnh vc in T - Vin Thng ca nc ta thc hin chin lc pht trin tng tc ton mng li Vin Thng, cng vi cc trang thit b tng i in t, h thng cp quang, h thng thng tin v tinh v h thng vi ba s cp cao,l nhng thnh tu m ngnh t c trong nhng nm gn y. Vi cc thit b hin i ca cc tp on vin thng hng u ca th gii cung cp nhiu loi dch v phong ph a dng v cht lng, p ng cc nhu cu ngy cng cao trong x hi. Trong s cc loi tng i c s dng ti Vit Nam c tng i AXE ca hng Ericsson, Thu in. AXE l loi tng i a nng c th dng lm tng i qu giang, tng i ca quc t trong PSTN v ISDN, mng ni ht trong PSTN v ISDN, cc nt chuyn mch trong PLMN, MSC V phm vi trin khai h thng AXE c th trin khai c hai vng thnh th c mt s dng thu bao ln v vng nng thn c mt thu bao thp, ty thuc vo dung lng m trin khai h thng. N c th phc v cho cc thu bao thng mi v thu bao thng. Ngoi ra h thng AXE cn cung cp mt s dch v cho ngi s dng nh: Chuyn cuc gi, bo thc, chn cuc gi n.v.v Hin ti em ang l hc sinh thc tp ti i Host Hi An cng vic ca em l tm hiu nguyn l hot ng v nhng ng dng khai thc ca cc khi trong tng i AXE 810. Cu trc ti thc tp gm 5 chng, trong tp trung chng Chng I : Tng quan h thng AXE tai Host Hi An Chng II : Hot ng hin nay ca Host Hi An Chng III : Khai thc vn hnh v bo dng h thng hon thnh c bo co thc tp tt nghip ny em xin chn thnh cm n: Cc anh trong t chuyn mch i Host Hi An to iu kin gip em tch lu kin thc, tn tnh hng dn trong qu trnh thc tp. V thi gian v kin thc c hn nn ti ny s khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, hn ch v vy em rt mong nhn c s gp ca qu thy c cng ton th cc bn ti ngy cng hon thin hn.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Chng I: Tng Quan H Thng AXE Ti Host Hi An

I. Lch s pht trin: - AXE l mt sn phm tng i in t ca hng Ericsson, thy in. - AXE c bt u pht trin t nm 1970 v lin tc c ci tin k t sn phm u tin. S pht trin ca AXE c tip tc cho n hin nay, th k 21, phn nh nhu cu ngy cng bin i ca th gii thng tin. - Nm 1975: Tng i AXE,mt h thng tng i ni ht iu khin bng my tnh c gii thiu vo th trng. - Nm 1977: H thng AXE bt u xm nhp th trng th gii. - Nm 1991: Ericsson lp t h thng GSM u tin, da trn AXE. - Nm 1992: AXE c lp 101 quc gia. - Nm 1996 : c lp t tnh Bnh Phc v mt s tnh khc pleiku - Nm 1998: S ng dy AXE (ni ht v trung k ) lp t hng trn 134 triu. Cc nt AXE trin khai trong cc mng di ng trn 125 nc. II. Xu hng pht trin: - AXE pht trin theo hng mt h thng m, bao gm. - Pht trin phn mm theo hng module ng dng. - Tip tc pht trin phn cng, tin hnh gim kch thc v gim nh hng tnh in EMC (Elector Magnetic Compatibility) mc board mch v mc cabinet ( t my) tt hn. - Pht trin b x l mnh hn, bao gm b x l trung tm CP v b x vng RP. - Bo dng v iu khin AXE qua h thng vo/ ra (I/O) chun,da trn chng trnh x l ph tr AP c lp trnh bng C++,windows v Java. - Cung cp tt nn tng cho I/O, AP s c dng cho cc ng dng khc nh tnh cc. - Chuyn mch nhm pht trin thnh nn chuyn mch a cu trc, c kh nng x l tt c cc loi nh dng thng tin t bng hp cho n bng rng, pht trin tng dung lng ca chuyn mch nhm. III. Cc ng dng ca tng i AXE: - AXE l mt dng truyn thng a phng tin, a ng dng, l sn phm chuyn mch s khng gii hn dnh cho cc mng truyn thng cng cng. N c kh nng x l thi gian thc v c th x l lu lng mt cao. - AXE c s dng mt cch c hiu qu i vi cc mng nh : + PSTN : Public Swiching Telephone Network Mng in thoi cng cng. + PLMN : Public Land Mobile Network Mng di ng cng cng. HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 2

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip + Business communications : Truyn thng thng mi. + IN : Intelligent Network Mng thng minh.
AXE C Th m Trch Cc Loi Dich V Sau: Bo thc (Wake up)

Thu bao c th hn gi nh thc t ng trong my ca thu bao bng cch chn mt ch s c bit v bn ch s xc nh thi gian ( 2 ch s gi, 2 ch s pht ). Khi s liu c tng i ghi gi v tng i s gi dng chung n thu bao vo thi im hn. Chuyn cuc gi tm thi (Call tranfer) Thu bao c dch v ny c th thc hin chuyn cc cuc gi vo my ca mnh n mt my no trong mng theo yu cu khi thu bao vng mt (chuyn nu bn, chuyn sau mt s hi chung m khng tr li) Quay s tt (Abbreviated Dialing ) Mt m ngn thay cho mt s di hoc mt s c thu bao s dng mt cch thng xuyn. Kh nng cha ti a l 100 s trn mt thu bao. ng dy nng (Hot line ) Thu bao c dch v ny ch cn nhc t hp ln l c ni trc tip ti mt thu bao khc theo yu cu (v d sau 5 giy ) m khng cn quay s. Nu trc 5 giy m thu bao n phm to cuc gi th cuc gi c thit lp theo cch thng thng. Ch cuc gi (Call waiting ) Khi c mt cuc gi gi n mt thu bao no ang bn th cc s liu chn s c lu b nh ca thit b iu khin trung tm ch n khi thu bao ri th cuc gi c u ni. Hi thoi (Conference call ) Dch v ny cho php thu bao chn mt ch s theo quy nh v a ch cc thu bao lin quan t chc thng tin hi ngh.
Ngoi ra AXE cn phc v cho nhiu loi dch v khc.

Hnh 1: Tng quan v cc ng dng h tr ca APZ.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip IV. Cu trc tng i AXE: 1. Cc thnh phn h thng Tng i AXE. 1.1. Thnh phn chuyn mch: Chia thnh cc khi chuyn mch sau : Khi chuyn mch thu bao ( Subsciber Switch) Chc nng hot ng ca khi ny bao gm cp ngun cho cc ng dy thu bao, chuyn i t tn hiu tng t sang tn hiu s, bo hiu, kt ni gia cc thu bao v tp trung cc thu bao a vo tng chuyn mch nhm. Khi chuyn mch thu bao c xy dng t nhiu n v module, bao gm: Module t ti tng i ni ht c gi l chuyn mch thu bao trung tm CSS. Module t xa tng i l chuyn mch thu bao trung tm xa RSS. Cc thu bao c kt cui ti RSS hoc CSS, v c hai module ny tp trung lu thoi a vo tng chuyn mch nhm. Khi chuyn mch nhm. (Group Switch). Chc nng chnh ca tng Group switch l thit lp, gim st v gii to cuc gi vi node khc trong mng. Chc nng chuyn mch thu bao lin quan n vic kt ni cc khe thi gian ng vo vi cc khe thi gian ng ra truyn thoi hoc truyn d liu. Khi chuyn mch nhm cng c thit k module v c cu hnh a dng phc v cho cc nhu cu v dung lng chuyn mch khc nhau. 1.2. Thnh phn trung k v bo hiu: Bo hiu lin quan n vic trao i thng tin gia cc phn chc nng khc nhau trong mng thng tin. Giao din ca tng trung k v bo hiu gia cho php cc node AXE giao tip vi node khc trong mng . Trao i thng ip bo hiu. Trao i lu lng thoi hoc d liu. Mt s lung PCM ng ra t tng chuyn mch nhm v cc lung PCM ng vo t cc tng i khc c a vo tng trung k v bo hiu. 1.3. Thnh phn ng b: Tt c cc tng i s yu cu phi c ng b, trong l vic nh thi hoc cc cp xung clock iu khin, v d c v vit ca thng tin thoi trong h thng c lu tr. Cc tn hiu nh thi hoc xung clock c cung cp trong AXE bng ba module ng b.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Ngoi ra cc node trong mng vin thng phi c ng b vi nhau truyn thng tin dng s. 1.4. Thnh phn iu khin: iu khin ca h thng AXE c h tr bi cu trc phn tn c kh nng x l cao v cu hnh mnh. cu trc ny lin quan n b x l trung tm CP x l nhng knh thi gian vi nhim v phc tp v s dng nhiu b x l vng. Cc b x l c ni vi nhau bng cc bus. H thng xut nhp (I/O): l thnh phn ca h thng iu khin h tr truyn thng tin gia ngi v my trong node AXE. h thng xut nhp c ni vi my tnh, thit b tp tin ( nh a cng). n ng vai tr giao tip gia thit b vi ngi khai thc vn hnh v bo dng lin quan n vic khai bo thu bao, tm ra li, thng k lu thoi v qun l mng. H thng bn ngoi bao gm trung tm x l cc v trung tm vn hnh v bo dng (OMC).

THIT B CHUYN MCH

Trung k vo/ra cc tng i khc

Lnh

D liu APT APZ

B NH

H THNG MY TNH

Hnh 2 : M t APT v APZ trong tng i AXE

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

2. Cc phn h trong AXE 810: Mc h thng 1 AXE

APT

Mc h thng 2 Mc h thng con

APZ

TSS

SSS

OM S

FMS

MS C

CPS

LI2

Mc khi chc nng

CPU

LIC

LIR

LIU

Mc n v chc nng

CP-A CP-A Hardware Hardware

Hardware Hardware

CP-B

Hnh 3 : Cc mc chc nng tng khi trong AXE. CP-A : Central Processor A - B x l trung tm A. CP-B : Centtral Processor B - B x l trung t B. CPS : Central Processor Subsystem - H thng con x l trung tm. CPU : Central Processor Unit n v x l trung tm. SCR : Code Sender Receive - B nhn thu m. FMS : File Management Subsystem - h thng con qun l file. LI2 : Line Interface Giao tip ng dy. LIC : Line Interface Cricuit - mch giao tip ng dy. HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 6

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip LIR : Regional Soflware For LI2 - Phn mm vng cho LI2. LIU : Central Soflware For LI2 -Phn mm trung tm cho LI2. MCS : Man machine Comunication Subystem - H thng con giao tip ngi my. OMS ; Operation And Maintenace Sybsystem - H thng con iu hnh v bo dng. SSS : Subcriber Switching Subsystem - H thng con chuyn mch thu bao. TSS : Trunk And Signalling Subsystem H thng con trung k v bo hiu. 2.1. Cc phn h trong APT: BGS ( Business Group Subsystem : Phn h thng mi ) Cung cp cc chc nng cho thng tin thng mi nh : Chc nng PABX trong AXE. CCS ( Common Channel Signalling Subsystem : Phn h bo hiu knh chung ) Phn h ny bao gm c phn cng ln phn mm , bao gm c hai laoij h thng bo hiu s 6 v h thng bo hiu s 7. CCS cha cc chc nng nh tuyn , gim st v kt ni cc bn tin. CHS ( Charging Subsystem : Phn h tnh cc ) Ch c phn mm. phn h ny s l cc chc nng tnh cc cuc gi , c hai phng php tnh cc l : pulse metering v toll ticketring. DTS ( Data Transmision Subsystem : Phn h truyn d liu ) Cung cp cc dch v kiu gi ISDN c bn da trn lu lng knh D. ESS ( Extended Switching Subsystem : Phn h chuyn mch m rng ) Cung cp kt ni v cc bn tin ghi. GSS ( Group Switching Subsystem : Khi chuyn mch nhm ) Bao gm c phn cng v phn mm , nhim v ca GSS l thit lp , gim st v xa cc kt ni qua chuyn mch nhm. Vic chn ng qua chuyn mch nhm c thc hin bng phn mm. GSS cng cung cp s ng b cho khi chuyn mch tng i v mng. NMS (Network Management Subsystem: Phn h qun l mng ) Ch c phn mm, phn h ny cha cc chc nng gim st lung lu lng qua tn i, v thng bo cc thay i tm thi trong lung . Ngoi ra, n cn qun l mng, cc s liu thng k v iu khin lung lu OMS (Operation and Maintenance Subsystem: Khi vn hnh v bo dng) Gm c phn cng v phn mm, phn h ny cha cc chc nng khc nhaulin quan n cc s liu thng k v gim st. Ngoi ra, n cn cung cp s vn hnh v bo dng ca tng i. OPS (Operator Subsystem: Phn h vn hnh )

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Cung cp cc dch v vn hnh nh: Yu cu v s in thoi v thng tin v gi cc RMS (Remote Measurement Subsystem: Phn h o t xa ) o cc mch in gia cc tng i SCS (Subscriber Control Subsystem: Khi iu khin thu bao ) Cung cp cc chc nng iu khin lu lng v dch v h tr cho cc thu bao SES (Service Provisioning Subsystem: Khi cung cp dch v ) Cung cp cc dch v mng thng SSS (Subscriber Switching Subsystem: Khi chuyn mch thu bao ) Gm c phn cng v phn mm. Khi ny x l lu lng n v i t cc thu bao n tng. STS (Statistics and Traffic Measurement Subsystem: Khi thng k s liu v o lu lng ) Cung cp ton b d liu v x l tt c cc loi lu lng SUS (Subscriber Services Subsystem: Khi dch v thu bao) Ch c phn mm. Cc dch v thu bao nh quay s tt, c thc hin trong SUS TCS (Tranffic Control Subsystem: Khi iu khin lu lng ) Ch c phn mm. TCS l b phn trung tm ca APT v c th ni l n thay th cho khai thc vin trong tng i nhn cng. N bao gm cc chc nng: - Thit lp, gim st v xa cc cuc gi - Chon la cc tuyn ng ra - Phn tch cc s ng vo - Lu tr cc loi thu bao TSS (Trunk and Signalling Subsystem: Khi trung k v bo hiu ) Gm c phn cng v phn mm. Phn h ny x l bo hiu v gim st cc kt ni gia cc tng i.

Phn cng

Chng trnh
Phn mm vng

D liu

Phn mm trung tm

Chng trnh D liu

Hnh 4 : Giao tip phn cng v phn mm trong 1 khi chc nng.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Tng i AXE l tng i in t s iu khin bng chng trnh lu tr sn c cu trc x l tp trung, mi hot ng u c lu tr trong my tnh, iu khin hot ng ca thit b chuyn mch. AXE c cu trc phn cp thnh cc chc nng, mc cao nht gm hai phn: APT l phn chuyn mch thc hin cc chc nng chuyn mch thng tin cho h thng. APZ l phn iu khin gm cc chng trnh phn mm iu khin phn chuyn mch. APT v APZ li c chia thnh cc h thng con, mi h thng con thc hin mt nhim v nht nh, mi h thng con c thit k hon chnh v kt ni vi cc h thng con khc thng qua giao din chun. Mi h thng con c chia thnh cc khi chc nng, mc chc nng thp nht khi chc nng li c chia thnh cc n v chc nng, mt n v chc nng c th bao gm c phn cng v phn mm. tt c cc khi chc nng mun lin h vi nhau u phi thng qua CPU. MT S SSS CCS TSS CH S SUS NM S OM S

GSS

TCS

Hnh 5 :Cc h thng con iu khin trong APT Cc h thng con ca APT c th chia thnh 3 nhm : Truy cp v cc dch v (SSS,SCS,SUS,BGS). Chuyn mch v bo hiu (GSS,TCS,TSS,CCS, ES). iu hnh, bo tr v qun l (OMS,NMS,STS,CHS).

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip 2.2. Phn t iu khin APZ:

Ti/ t RP Ti/ t RP

RPU SPU IPU DS CPA RS PS UMBS UMBI MAU DS CPB

RPU SPU IPU RS PS

Hnh 6: S khi ca APZ. Yu t quan trng pha sau tnh linh hot ca AXE l cu trc h thng iu khin APZ, gm hai lp cu trc l iu khin trung tm v iu khin phn phi, bo m tnh tin cy v kh nng x l cuc gi cao. APZ, trung tm ca nn AXE, lin tc c pht trin cung cp h thng iu khin mnh v linh hot thng tin rng, kt qu s pht trin ny tng hp vi cc th h trc, do vic nng cp lp t AXE thc hin d dng. APZ hot ng tin cy v d dng qun l. 2.2.1 H thng con iu khin APZ bao gm: H thng con iu khin x l trung tm CPS (central processor subsystem).CPS c c phn cng v phn mm, thc hin chc nng qun l cng vic, iu hnh, lu gi, np v thay i chng trnh. H thng con bo dng MAS (Maintenance subsystem).MAS c c phn cng v phn mm thc hin nhim v nh v sai hng phn cng v cc li phn mm lm ti thiu nh hng ca chng. H thng con qun l c s d liu DBS (Data Base Management subsystem). Cung cp h thng c s d liu m rng, h tr nhng yu cu v thi gian thc hin ca h thng. H thng con x l vng RPS ( Regional Processor Subsystem). Phn cng RPS l cc b x l vng, phn mm l cc chng trnh qun l. Cc h thng con vo/ra (I/O). H thng con x l ph tr SPS ( Support Processor Subsystem) H thng con giao tip ngi v my MCS (Man- machine Communication subsystem). HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 10

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip H thng con giao tip s liu DCS (Data Communication subsystem). H thng giao tip thng tin m OCS (Open Communication Subsystem). H thng con qun l file FMS (File Management Subsystem). 2.2.2 H thng iu khin trong tng i AXE: Tin trnh x l trong AXE c x l bi phn iu khin ca AXE l APZ, cc b x l c dng trong h thng AXE hin nay l APZ 210,APZ 211,APZ 212, APZ 213 Dung lng cc b x l nh sau:
APZ APZ 210 APZ 211 APZ 212 APZ 213 BHCA 144000 150000 800000 11000 S thu bao cc i 40000 40000 200000 2000

BHCA : Busy Hour Call Attempts. APZ 212 l h thng mnh nht, hin ti Host AXE 810 Hi An ang s dng h thng x l APZ 212 33. H thng iu khin x l trong AXE c cu trc phn b, b x l trung tm CP (Central Processor) thc hin chc nng phc tp ch yu l cc qu trnh phn tch v gim st, v mt s ln cc b x l vng RP ( Regional Processor) thc hin nhim v n gin thng thng. Tuy nhin sau ny khi RP tr nn mnh hn c th nhn cc cng vic phc tp.

Chng II: Hot ng Hin Nay Ca Host Hi An

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Host Hi An bao gm cc thnh phn sau : Tng i MDF v DDF , Phng

Truyn Dn Hin nay Host ang s dng 24 subrack vi mi subrack cha 17 card AUP42 mi card cha 30 thu bao , ngoi ra cn c 2 card TAU2 bao gm 1 card TAU2 ngun v 1 card TAU2 gim st , 2 card AUC2 lm nhim v iu khin v giao tip vi lung E1 v vi cc thit b bn ngoi. Host Hi An c dung lng vo khon trn 100.000 thu bao v hin nay v ang khai thc trn 40.000 thu bao thoi. Host ch yu s dng cng ngh ca Ericson v hin nay ang s dng h thng AXE810. h thng ny bao gm 2 thnh phn ch yu l khi APZ v khi APT Khi APT ch yu m nhim chc nng chuyn mch phng din phn cng , cng ngh chuyn mch Host ch yu l chuyn mch TS. Khi APZ c b phn iu khin : cha cc chng trnh phn mm iu khin b phn chuyn mch APZ v APT c chia thnh cc phn h , mi phn h c mt chc nng c bit, mi phn h c thit k vi t qun cao v c kt ni vi cc phn h khc qua giao din chun . Tn ca mi phn h phn nh chc nng ca n. Trong mi phn h li c chia ra thnh cc khi chc nng , s phn chia ny cng c quan h v chc nng, tn ca chc nng phn nh chc nng ca n. chc nng thp nht khi chc nng li c phn chia thnh cc n v chc nng , mi n v chc nng c th l phn cng hoc phn mm. Trn phng din truyn dn hin nay Host ang s dng cc lung truyn SDH sau y : Lung C7 k hiu UPETIN 3 : 84 lung Lung v tinh k hiu ETRST : 103 lung Lung STM1 155,5Mb : 4 lung Lung ISDN 30B+D k hiu ETPRAPS Lung V5.2 k hiu ETV5G : 13 lung Trong lung STM 1 c th rt xung cc lung E1 dng cho trung k C7 v trung k ASM. Ngoi ra cn c khon 30% lung d phng cho cc lung. I: Module Truy Nhp(ASM): ASM(Access Swith Module): c xy dng kt ni thu bao vi dch v bng hp. T ASM gm 4 khung, khung u tin c 17 card AU, 3 khung cn li c 18 card AU ,mi card AU kt ni 1 lung E1, tng s thu bao trong mt t l: 17 x 30 + 3 x 18 x 30 = 2130 thu bao. Cc khung c u vng vi nhau thng qua bus, trn khung u tin c mt bo mch TAU2 dng chung cho ton b ASM, cc khung cn li khng c bo mch ny v c thay th bng bo mch thu bao (AU).

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Cu Trc Ca Mt Khung Trong Thng ASM: 1.Tng Quan: Mi mt khung ASM bao gm: 18 card AU ( 17 card AU nu c card TAU2) 1 card AUS-C2,1 card AUS2 1 card TAU-C2. C th c 1 card TAU2

Hinh 1 :Cu trc ca 1 khung ASM

Hnh 2. Giao din ca cc card HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 13

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Mi 1 card s c k hiu ring trn thng ASM Product name: Product number ASM unequipped subrack 2/BFD 518 007 AUS2 ROJ 208 215/1 AUS-C2 ROJ 208 216/1 AUP42, 30 line PSTN with 2x400 current feed ROJ 208 217/1 AUBA43, 15 line ISDN/BA ROJ 208 232/1 TAU-C2 ROJ 208 218/1 TAU2 ROJ 208 219/1 2.Card AUS2(Access Unit Swith): c k hiu trn card l ROJ 208 215/1. L n v trung tm trong node truy nhp thc hin chc nng chuyn mch,kt ni v tp trung lu lng ca cc n v truy nhp di s iu khin phn mm ca tng i AXE, AUS2 c 28 ports ET nh dng ging lung E1,c xp xp nh sau:5 port u tin t 04 c dng kt ni ti cc AUS khc ,18 ports tip theo t 522 tng ng vi mi AU,5 ports cui cng 2327 c b tr trn board AUS-C2 kt ni vi tng i AXE.

Hnh 3 :Bng m t cu to ca board AUS2 HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 14

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip 2.1 Cc khi chc nng bn trong bo mch AUS2:

Hnh 4: S kt ni cc card

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Chuyn mch thi gian c th iu khin 1024 knh 64 kbit/s. ng h (Clock): c mt AUS trong nt truy cp c ng h ch, tt c cc ng h trong nt truy cp hot ng theo ng h ch ny, ng h trong AUS2 khc ch Stand-by. Thng tin ng b c phn phi ti cc khi qua bus ring m phn cng c tn l VCXO (Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscilator) tn s 16,384 Mhz. u cui tng i ET (Exchange Terminal):dng kt ni cc lung 2 Mbit/s theo khuyn ngh ca ITU. iu khin lung d liu mc cao (HDLC - High-level Data Link Control): khi ny c tch hp trong mt b vi x l. Phn cng c th iu khin 32 knh HDLC v c s dng cho giao tip gia STC v STR. Tn hiu m a tn (DTMF): phn cng ny c chc nng nhn tn hiu m a tn v x l, c th cha ti 32 khi KRC (khi ny dng thu ch s v gi tone i) H thng iu khin AUS: l mt EMRP-T mi mnh hn thay th cho EMRP, phn mm thc thi EMRP mi c vit bng ngn ng C. 3.AUS-C2(Access Unit Swith connection Board0) :Thit b kt ni ca AUS c k hiu trn card l - ROJ 208 216/1, C 5 nglung E1 kt ni ti AXE n cho php cc AUS2 kt ni vi nhau,v kt ni ti AXE. C 2 giao din cn bng (120), giao din khng cn bng(75) u c s dng pha ngoi cn c ng h(n led) ng b ng vo s dng giao din ISI, v ng h(n led) ng b ng ra s dng giao din OSI. 4.TAU-C2, Test And Administration Unit Connection Board:Thit b kt ni ca TAU c k hiu trn card l - (ROJ 208 218/1) Dng kim tra v bo dng c iu khin bi board TAU2, N cn phn b in th -48V ti cc board khc trong khung,ngoi ra n to ra v phn b 2 in th VB1 v VB2 nui ng dy,tn hiu chung.tn hiu PRM cho cc board AU, Mt thit b bo li trn mi khung c kch hot bi TAU-C2 nhng c iu khin bi TAU2 s dng giao din LCOM, Kt ni qut (FAN) iu khin v nhn cc cnh bo v qut. 5. TAU2(Test Administration And Maintenance Unit ): c k hiu trn card l-ROJ 208 219/1 Thc hin chc nng bo dng,qun l cu hnh cc node t xa. L n v qun l kim tra v bo dng, c chc nng kim tra ng dy thu bao, mch ng dy thu bao, cu hnh h thng, pht hin li v a ra cnh bo. TAU2 thng tin vi phn mm trung tm thng qua AUS, TAU kt ni ti cc bo mch AUS thng qua ng 2 Mbit/s v ti cc bo mch khc thng qua 2 bus ring (Bus ACOM v LCOM). HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 16

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip
6. AUP42( Access Unit For PSTN Lines) :B phn truy cp dng trong h thngPSTN Mt Test bus c kt ni vi TAU-C2 kim tra vic truy nhp ca cc thu bao TAU-C2 c 1 giao din kim tra v pha AUP42.N c s dng ti d liu, ng dng chng trnh trong qu kim tra

S dng ngun -48V,VB1,VB2 do TAU-C2 cung cp cp in cho ng dy thu bao,nui tn hiu chung v tn hiu PRM Giao din E1 tch hp cc knh thoi y l 30 knh,v cn mang thng tin lu lng,v ng b 1 AUP42 bao gm 5 khi:

Hnh 5:Cu to chung ca 1 AUP42

Giao din ng dy(LI):Giao din vt l v pha thu bao n v truy nhp iu khin(AUC):L n v iu khin cc board Thit b u cui mng(NT):Giao din v pha AUS2 TFT Test Feed and Termination: Kt ni bus kim tra vi TAU-C2 Ngun(power):cung cp ngun in cho h thng

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Hnh 6: T ASM

II: Module Chuyn Mch (Group switch)

1.Gii thiu: Trong tt c h thng tng i AXE th chuyn mch nhm(Group Switch) l b phn trung tm dng kt ni 2 hay nhiu thu bao vi mt thu bao. Chc nng chnh: - La chn kt ni,hy kt ni thoi hoc ng truy nhp thng qua chuyn mch - Gim st cc giao din DL(digital link) chuyn mch - Bo dng s n nh v chnh xc tn s gi nhp ng b. GS890 chuyn mch c nn li vi nhng c tnh kt ni to ra mt th h chuyn mch nhm mi thch nghi c vi mng vin thng tng lai. GS890 l th h chuyn mch nhm mi c mt s ci tin: - Li chuyn mch mi - B ng h mi l CL890 - Giao din DL-34 c hiu qu cao trong vic kt ni cc thit b ti chuyn mch nhm HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 18

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip 2.M t tng quan h thng:

- Gm C: ET155 (Exchange Terminal 155Mbit): Kt cui lin i tc 155Mbit/s. TRA (Transcode) : B chuyn m. ECP (echo canceller): B trit ting di. DLEB (Digital Link Handler for Existing Equipment Board): X l lin kt s cho cc bo mch thit b hin c.c s dng ch yu kt ni vi ETC-5 CLM (module Clock): Module ng h. GS890 c xy dng trn c s mt kt cu khng gian TS Bng thng (n64kbi/s,n=2,3,4..,32). GS890 bao gm c card XDB dng chuyn mch vi dung lng 16KMUP,cng vi ng h ng b v cc thit b trong GEM. Chuyn mch nhm c hot ng theo 2 kiu chuyn mch: Tc bnh thng l 64kbit/s Tc ph l 8kbit/s DL-34 L giao din mi ,ti u ha lin lc gia GS890 v cc thit b tc cao khc,dung lng bin thin vo khong 128 v 2688 time slot vi bc nhy l 128 time slot,dung lng bin thin ca DL-34 lm cho n cho php s dng ti a,n c hnh thnh bng cch trn cc dung lng cao,thp v bnh thng trong GEM,khng lm tn hao dung lng GS(group switch) Bng tn DL-34 v pha thit b c t ng phn tn bi GS(group switch) DL-34 c thc thi bng 1 giao din back-plane c tc vt l l 222.2Mbit/s DLEB C kh nng vi cc th h tng i sau,l mt trong nhng phn c bn lun i theo tng i AXE 810 Dng chuyn 4 ng DL-3 thnh ng DL-34 Bn sao DLEB trong tng lai s t c s h tr c DL-3 v DL-34 HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 19

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Khi kt ni vi ET-155-7(th h ET 155 theo chun ETSI),DLEB l dng c bo v cho card LOT(Low Order Termination:thit b u cui bc thp) Chc nng CLOCK H thng ph GSS bao gm chc nng ng b thng qua s dng cc thit b sau: - CLM(clock module) l ng h chnh xc - ICM(Incoming Clock Conversion Modules) dng kt ni vi ng h tham chiu - RCM(Reference Clock Modules) ng h tham chiu. 3.Cu trc phn cng ca GS890:

Hnh 8:Cu trc phn cng Cu trc phn cng GS 890 c ch ra y l hai GEM, mi GEM 16K dung lng tng l 32K v c cu trc ghp i (mt A v mt B) trong cng mt GEM.C th tng dung lng chuyn mch ln 512KMUP bng cch ghp 32 card XDB. Ngoi ra cn c kt ni tn hiu ng h, kt ni vi GDM qua DLEB v cc thit b khc.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Kt cui mng chuyn mch (SNT) c chc nng gim st ng s (DIP) kt ni vi GS. V d nh ng ng kt ni gia ETC (Exchange Terminal Circuit) vi GS SNT c dng miu t kt ni ca nhng loi thit b khc nhau vi GS, gm c kt ni vt l ti GS v phn mm chuyn mch nhm ,c 3 loi l ET41,ET155,ETC5 XDB thc hin chc nng chuyn mch, MUX5 thc hin chc nng ghp knh. MUX5 thc thi phn phi khe thi gian n giao din DL5 (giao din gia trng chuyn mch v ng DL34) v cui cng l thit b. 4.Phn m rng ca GS890: GS890 thc hin chuyn mch bng card XDB c dung lng l 16KMUP l tc ti a cho mi 1 card XDB.Nu yu cu dch v tng v vy cn phi m rng dung lng chuyn mch ti a ln ti 512KMUP bng cch ghp tng ng 32 card XDB,tt c cc XDB phi c kt ni vi nhau bng dy cp. Tuy nhin vic ghp cc card XDB phi c sp xp ging nh ma trn logic:gm c 4 hng,8 ct,mi XDB phi c kt ni vi tt c cc XDB khc trong ma trn chuyn mch.

Thit b khc

Hnh 9: M hnh m rng ca GS890

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

- C 2 kiu kt ni m rng trng chuyn mch: m rng theo chiu ngang v theo chiu dc. + Kt ni ngang l ni bo mch chuyn mch ny vi bo mch chuyn mch khc trn cng mt hng bng cc ng kt ni ngang. + Kt ni dc l ni bo mch chuyn mch ny vi bo mch chuyn mch khc trn cng mt ct bng cc ng kt ni ng.

Hnh 10: Cp kt ni ngang v dc.

Hnh 11: V tr cp kt ni trn bo mch XDB. + Ba v tr kt ni dc. HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 22

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip + By v tr kt ni ngang. + Hai v tr kt ni tn hiu ng h. Thit b khc - Vic m rng chuyn mch G890 phi da trn nguyn l sau:cu hnh ca cc theo chiu dc. ct phi ging nhau,cc modum chuyn mch phi c lin kt vi nhau. 5. Module ng h CL890: H thng ng b mi c pht trin cng vi subrack GEM v n l phn cng mi trong chuyn mch nhm GS. CLM (module Clock) c dng kp trong cng mt subrack GEM (hoc trong subrack GEM khc), trong CLM c hai khi ng h m bo tin cy.T hai CLM ny tn Thit b khc hiu ng b s c chuyn n khi chuyn mch, iu ny khng c trong cc th h trc . CLM thc hin ng b ch t v cung cp ng h cht lng cao cho tng i ph hp vi tiu chun ca ITU-T. ICF (Incoming Clock Reference) thc hin chc nng ng b mng bng vic tham kho ng h t cc lung tn hiu a n

Hnh 12: Kt ni kp ca CGB

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Hnh 13: M hnh CLM890 - Vic ng b mng c thc hin theo nhiu ng khc nhau, h thng ng h trong CL890 cho php: + ng h tham chiu ni b: Chc nng tham chiu ny c thc hin trong mun tham chiu ng h RCM (Reference Clock Module) v phn cng l bo mch tham chiu ni b LRB (Local Reference Board). iu ny cho php s n nh lu di hn so vi khi ch c CLM. + Tham chiu ngoi t ng PCM a ti: Nhng tham chiu ny c kt ni vi 1 hoc 2 bo mch tham chiu n IRB (Incoming Reference Board) tn hiu ny c chuyn i thnh ngun 8KHz. ICF nhn tn hiu t bn ngoi gi l CLREF chuyn thnh dng thch hp v phn phi cho CLM. Nhng CLREF c th c nhiu dng khc nhau, th d nh tn hiu 8KHz xut pht t ETC. + ng h c lp: Ly tn hiu ng h t CBC (Centrar Building Clock) hoc t GSC (GPS System Clock), GPS (Global Positioning System). - Ba chc nng ICF c t trong bo mch IRB. Ti a l 6 CLREF c th kt ni ti h thng trn mi IRB. Nhng tn hiu chuyn i c phn phi t IRB n CGB. RCM c thc hin trn mt bo mch ring l LRB.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip III: H Thng iu Khin: 1.Khi Qut: H thng iu khin ngy nay phi c kh nng dp ng c cc tin b v cng ngh.Trong tng i th h thng iu khin c gi l APZ,n c chc nng cung cp kh nng truy xut thi gian thc c yu cu bng cc giao tip ng dng,giao tip gia ngi v my cng c thc hin bng APZ. APZ c thit k theo nh hng l cung cp mt h thng iu khin linh hot,tc l n m bo vic qun l v vn hnh c thc hin tt trn mt phm vi rng ca ng dng bi tng i AXE ,hn th na APZ c th lin kt c ti nhng PC,cc thit b chuyn dng khc.

Hnh 14:Cp bc x l

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

2. Tin Cy Ca H Thng: S tin cy ca CP,RP.RPB c th hin l h thng bao gi cng c hai b phn truy nhp ging nhau v chng cng thc hin mt cng vic.Do vy trong h thng bao gm hai CP l CP-A v CP-B Kt qu ca cng vic ny l s so snh lin tc c thc hin bng nhng bn tin bo hiu gia hai CP trn UBM(bus cp nht v dung hp).Nu nh kt qu cho ra khng trng hp vi nhau,th mt b phn c gi l MAU(n v bo dng )c lin h ti x l li ny. 3.Cc H Thng Con Trong APZ:

Hnh 15: Cc h thng con trong APZ. APZ c chia thnh cc h thng con, cc h thng con ny gm hai loi: Cc h thng con iu khin (Control subsystems): H thng con x l trung tm CPS (Central Processor Subsystem): thc hin cc chc nng x l mc cao, x l d liu v lu tr cc chng trnh cho cc khi chc nng trong AXE. H thng con x l vng RPS (Regional Processor Subsystem): bao gm cc b x l vng RP, c nhim v x l cc qu trnh lp li trong AXE. H thng con bo dng MAS (Maintenance Subsystem): cc chc nng x l bo dng t ng, v d pht hin v phc hi li ca cc b x l trung tm. H thng con qun l c s d liu DBS (Database Management Subsystem), bao gm cc chc nng x l c s d liu cho cc ng dng AXE. Cc h thng con vo/ra (Input/Output subsystems): H thng con x l h tr SPS (Support Processor Subsystem): cha h thng vn hnh h tr x l file v thng tin d liu. SPS giao din vi CP v cung cp cc chc nng vn hnh v bo dng c yu cu bi cc b x l h tr SP. H thng con my tnh ph tr ACS (Adjunct Computer Subsystem): cha phn mm cho nn x l h tr (Adjunct Processor platform), n cng x l thng tin ngimy.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip H thng con thng tin m OCS (Open Communication Subsystem): h tr cc chun thng tin khc nhau cho vic truyn d liu gia cc ng dng trong AXE v cc h thng my tnh bn ngoi. H thng con qun l file FMS (File Management Subsystem): cha c phn cng v phn mm. Phn cng bao gm cc thit b nh a cng, a quang lu tr thng tin file. H thng con thng tin ngimy MCS (Man-Machine Communication Subsystem): x l thng tin gia nhn vin iu hnh v h thng AXE, thng tin l cc lnh, cc kt qu xut, cnh bo H thng con thng tin d liu DCS (Data Communication Subsystem): cung cp cc giao din vt l v thng tin, giao thc cho thng tin d liu vi AXE. H thng con lin mng vng RIP (Regional Inter Networking Subsystem): bao gm cc giao thc nh TCP/IP, PPP, UDP, BOOTP, Frame Relay v TFTP cng vi giao din chuyn mch nhm v cc driver Ethernet. H thng con nn qun l MPS (Management Platform Subsystem): cung cp chc nng nh WinFiol v cc cng c qun l h thng AXE. Cc h thng con nh CPS, RPS v MAS c trong tt c cc h APZ, c th c thay i ph thuc vo h APZ. Phn ln cc h thng con APZ c tn dng, khng c version ca DBS, SPS, FMS, DCS, MCS v OCS; ch c CPS, MAS v RPS l nng cp. 3.1 H thng con x l vng RP. 3.1.1.Tng quan v RP. RP lu tr v thc thi phn mm vng kt hp vi h thng chuyn mch v h thng iu khin. H thng con x l vng c nhim v thit lp mt lin kt gia CP v cc thit b APT. H thng con ny gm iu khin x l vng RPH, bus x l vng (RPB) v nhiu b x l vng RP khc nhau.

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Hnh 16:Kt ni RP, EM. RPH nhim v chnh l cung cp giao din kt ni gia CP v cc RPB, lu tr tm thi cc tn hiu n v i t CP v ti cc tn hiu ny ln RPB. RPB l cc bus kt ni CP vi cc RP, mi bus gm hai nhnh. C hai loi RPB l RPB song song (RPB-P) v RPB ni tip (RPB-S). Cc tn hiu gi trn mi loi RPB theo mt giao thc thng tin. Cc RP c thit k thc hin cc chc nng n gin c tnh lp li thng xuyn v ch yu l iu khin trc tip cc n v phn cng, ngoi ra c mt s RP chuyn x l bo hiu SSNo7, V5.2. Cc n v phn cng APT c iu khin bi RP th c nh ngha nh cc thit b (device), 3.1.2 Dng RP: C nhiu loi dng RP s dng cho cc mc ch khc nhau, nhng c 2 nhm chnh ca dng RP l RP song song v RP ni tip, hai dng ny ph thuc vo cch RP kt ni v cch chng thng tin vi cc CP. 3.1.2.1. RP song song: RP song song c t lu trong AXE. Mi RP c kt ni vt l n c hai CP bng mt trong hai nhnh trn bus RP song song. Bus RP trong trng hp ny gi l bus RP song song (RPB-P). Tn hiu c gi v nhn t cc CP trn c hai nhnh bus. Bnh thng, cc RP song song hot ng thnh i, theo kiu mi RP trong chng ny s iu khin mt na s phn cng APT kt ni n chng. Nu c li xy ra trn mt RP, RP cn li s iu khin ton b phn cng APT. 3.1.2.2. RP ni tip: RP ni tip l dng mi trong AXE v ging nh RP song song, chng cng c kt ni vt l n c hai CP. Trong trng hp ny, chng s dng c hai nhnh bus trn bus RP ni tip (RPB-S). Tn hiu trong qu trnh hot ng bnh thng ch c gi n mt CP v CP ny s phn phi tn hiu cho CP kia. Nhnh bus dng cho thng tin CP-RP gi l bus tch cc (active bus) v nhnh kia gi l bus th ng (passive bus). kch hot v kim tra c hai bus RP, hai nhnh bus c chuyn i gia hai trng thi active v passive trong mt khong thi gian no . RP ni tip dng t phn cng hn RP song song v bus RP ni tip c tc truyn nhanh hn 2-3 ln so vi bus RP song song. Bus RP song song v ni tip v dng RP c th cng tn ti trong mt tng i. 3.2. H thng con b x l trung tm (CPS): 3.2.1. Chc nng ca CPS: CPS bao gm b x l trung tm CP ghp i v phn mm thc thi chng trnh qun l, np, phn phi lu tr v kim tra. Cc chc nng ca CP l: Thc thi chng trnh v x l d liu: Phn phi kh nng x l gia cc nhim v (cng vic) c thc thi. Cc nhim v c u tin dng b m cng vic, bng cng vic, hng i thi gian, v cc chc nng v thi gian. Thay i chc nng (Function change): Qun l vic thay th, thm hoc xo cc n v phn mm trong AXE. Sao lu h thng, x l:

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Np s liu (Dumping): Mt bn sao chp ni dung ca cc b lu tr CP c sao lu li trong phng tin lu tr khc, nh a quang. Np li: Mt bn sao chp lu tr c th c np vo CP trong trng hp c li nghim trng xy ra, v d mt li phn mm nghim trng. Qun l np v thay i kch thc: Qun l qu trnh thc thi np (c hiu nh l khi ng h thng), np li bn sao chp lu tr v np thay i chc nng. N cng chu trch nhim tng hoc gim kch thc ca cc b lu tr d liu. Chc nng kim tra: Gim st vic dng b nh ca cc b lu tr CP, c ba b lu tr CP: B lu tr chng trnh PS (Program store): Cha cc chng trnh phn mm thc thi. B lu tr d liu DS (Data store): Cha ton b d liu thay i ca tng i. B lu tr tham chiu RS (Reference store) cha cc bng dng truy nhp PS v DS. DS v RS c th c kt hp trn cng board mch in PCB. Sa li chng trnh: c dng sa li phn mm ngay lp tc. CP cng c chc nng chn v xo cc sa li chng trnh. Kim tra chng trnh: Cho php d tm cc li tn hiu phn mm. N c th dng trong nt kim tra kim tra phn mm hoc trong nt hot ng tr gip d tm cc li phn mm.

Hnh 17:Cu trc phn cng CPU. Trong qu trnh hot ng bnh thng, hai CP hon ton ging nhau v phn mm v ch c mt im khc v phn cng l MAU thuc v CPB mc d n h tr CP-A cng tt nh CP-B. Cc phn chnh ca b x l trung tm l: Khi n v b x l trung tm CPU: Gm khi n v x l ch dn IPU v khi n v x l bo hiu SPU. + Khi IPU bao gm 4 khi chc nng l n v x l ch dn (IPC); mch gim st v cp nht (UMC); b nh chng trnh v tham vn (PRS) v b nh d liu (DS).

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip + Khi SPU bao gm hai b x l l SPU master (SMC) v SPU slave (SSC). SPU master c trch nhim thng tin v hng IPU, cn SPU slave chu trch nhim v hng RPH. Khi iu khin b x l vng RPH: ni cc bus RP vi cc CP. N c th c nhiu cu hnh phn cng khc nhau cho cc RP. Cc RP c th c kt ni ni tip hoc song song. Cng mt lc c th c nhiu RP song song v ni tip kt ni n CP. n v bo dng MAU: c chc nng chnh l gim st cc CP v l giao din n h thng kim tra b x l trung tm CPT. MAU cng gim st cc qut lm mt phn cng CP. Giao din bo dng MAI v n v iu khin ngun POWC, khi kim sot ngun v hin th DPC: chc nng chnh l gim st ngun Trong qu trnh hot ng bnh thng, hai CP hon ton ging nhau v phn mm v ch c mt im khc v phn cng l MAU thuc v CPB mc d n h tr CP-A cng tt nh CP-B 3.3. H thng con bo dng (MAS): H thng con bo dng (MAS) x l cc chc nng bo dng t ng trong APZ, gm pht hin li, chn on phc hi li, pht cnh bo trong APZ. MAS bao gm phn mm v n v phn cng MAU. Chc nng c bn ca MAS l gim st v iu khin hai CP. N thc hin bng cch nhn cc tn hiu li phn cng v phn mm t hai CP v tng ng vi tn hiu li, thc hin cc th tc chn on nh v li, thc hin hnh ng phc hi li v pht ra cnh bo. 3.4. H thng con qun l c s d liu (DBS): DBS (Database Management Subsystem) l h thng qun l c s d liu vi s m rng h tr cc yu cu v thch ng h thng gn thc hp nht d dng trong AXE, ni cch khc, DBS cho php Ericsson pht trin cc ng dng c s d liu c quan h trong AXE. Cc ng dng ny bao gm cc bng d liu c th c sa i theo cc nguyn tc ca c s d liu. Ngi vn hnh c th truy nhp d liu ny qua giao tip MML dng cc lnh DBS 3.5. H thng con x l h tr (SPS): SPS thi hnh iu khin chng trnh ca b x l h tr SP, chc nng thng tin SP- CP, cc chc nng bo dng cho cc nt v cc ng lin kt, v nhiu chc nng khc. SPS bao gm cc thnh phn sau : B x l ph tr SP vi h iu hnh v cc bus ca n: B x l ph tr l mt my tnh thi gian thc gi l CPU60, n da trn b x l Motorola M68060, 32 MB DRAM, mt PROM khi ng v cc mch giao din. Khi np hoc np li mt SP, phn mm khi ng lu trong PROM c s dng bt u np h iu hnh SP v phn mm trong b nh chnh ca SP vo b nh chnh ca SP t a mm, a quang hoc a cng Cc thch ng bus b x l vng RPV hoc RPV2: l n v giao din gia bus RP v SP. N truyn v nhn cc bn tin n v t CP. RPV thch ng vi bus RP song song, RPV bin i giao din bus RP song song thnh giao din bus VME; cn RPV2 thch ng vi bus RP ni tip, RPV2 bin i giao din bus RP ni tip thnh giao din bus VME(l giao din ni ti bus RP)

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Phn mm cho thng tin gia CP v SP: Trong SP, cc khi chc nng ca tt c h thng con c chia thnh cc n v phn mm gi l cc module. Cc module c vit bng ngn ng cp cao EriPascal vi thi gian thc. Phn mm cho cc chc nng vn hnh, gim st v bo dng cho SPG 3.6. H thng con thng tin ngimy (MCS): MCS cung cp giao din ngi-my cho h thng AXE. MCS x l 2 loi thng tin: Thng tin k t ch s (cc lnh, cc bn tin xut). Thng tin cnh bo (bn trong, bn ngoi). 3.6.1. Phn cng ca MCS: Bao gm Cc u cui k t ch s (AT). Giao din cnh bo ALI. Cc u ni cnh bo ngoi. Cc bng cnh bo. Giao din cnh bo cha 2 board ALCPU v ALEXP 3.6.2.Phn mm ca MCS: Phn mm ca MCS thc thi trong CP,SP v EMRP. Cc chc nng chnh ca phn mm MCS l : Qun l d liu k t ch s. Cc chc nng dch v cho cc thit b IO k t ch s. Ghi giao dch MCS. Danh b ngi dng MCS (h thng u quyn SP). 3.7. H thng con qun l file (FMS): FMS bao gm phn cng v phn mm iu khin cc b nh ngoi vi ca AXE. Phn mm ca FMS thc thi trong c CP v SP. FMS tng tc vi SPS, MCS, DCS v mt s file ngi dng trong cc h thng con khc nhau. 3.7.1. Phn cng ca FMS: Phn cng ca FMS bao gm a cng HD, a mm FD, a quang OD 3.7.2. Phn mm ca FMS: Phn mm ca FMS c chia gia CP v SP. Phn mm x l: Cc chc nng file, nh c, ghi hoc xo d liu trn file. Cc chc nng dch v, ngha l cc chc nng bt u bi cc lnh nhn cng nh ngha, xo, sao chp hoc i tn file, ghi cc file lnh, c cc file v x l cc phng tin a mm v a quang. Cc chc nng x l file, nh chc nng gi file qua cc ng lin kt d liu hoc truyn chng n a quang hoc a mm hoc xo chng. Chc nng ghi lnh (Command Log) cho lu tr cc lnh thao tc d liu tng i trong CP. Nn hoc gii nn cc file. Phc hi cc file b hng. Cc chc nng bo v file

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Chng III: Khai Thc Vn Hnh V Bo Dng H Thng

I. Khai thc tng i: CU TRC LNH Ni chung cc lnh c cu trc nh sau: COMMAND CODE: PARAMETER PART; M lnh v phn tham s lun lun cch nhau bi du hai chm (: ) v kt thc mi cu lnh bng du chm phy (; ). M lnh M lnh nh ngha nhim v c thc hin. M ny thng bao gm 5 k t: XXYYZ XX Ch ra nhm chc nng cung cp lnh YY Cho bit chc nng c bit c lin quan. Z L mt t vit tt cho bit hnh ng s c a ra, chng hn: I vit tt ca t Initiate (bt u), P vit tt ca t Print (in) V d: XX IO - Ch cc chc nng nhp/ xut EX - Ch cc chc nng v d liu tng i AL - Ch cc chc nng cnh bo AN - Phn tch (analysic) BL - Kha (blocking) CA - Lch (calendar) CH - Tnh cc (charging) C7 - Bo hiu s 7(CCITT No.7) GS - Chuyn mch nhm (Group switch) SU - D liu thu bao (subscriber data) YY SC - Chc nng lp thu bao RT - Chc nng kim tra nh k ES - Chc nng kt thc vic chn la Z P - In (print) I - Khi to (initiate) C - Thay i (change) E - Kt thc (end) L - Ti (load) R -Thit lp li (reset) S - Thit lp (set) T - Chuyn giao (transfer) Cc tham s Tham s c cung cp sau m lnh c trng th t c nh ngha bi m lnh nn c thc hin nh th no v u. Khng phi tt c cc lnh u yu cu tham s. Nu c nhiu tham s th cc tham s c cch nhau bng du phy(,).Th t sp xp cc tham s khc nhau trong cng mt khi l khng quan trng. Cc lnh c th c vit: Khng c tham s IOROP; HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 32

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip Vi cc tham s (xem sau). Cc lnh yu cu cc tham s c th c vit nh sau: Khng c gi tr IODAC:ATT; C mt gi tr EXRPP:RP=1; STDEP:DEV=LI2-5; C vi gi tr EXRPP:RP=1&3&5; STDEP:DEV=LI2-1&-3&-5; C mt dy cc gi tr EXRPP:RP=1&&5; STDEP:DEV=LI2-1&&5; Du ngoc vung [] nh ngha cc tham s ty chn. Du ngoc {} ro xung quanh cc tham s khc v cho bit mt trong s cc tham s phi c g vo khi s dng lnh. Du ngoc vung khng cn thit ch ra bt k mt tham s no khc. Cc s m t lnh (CODs), Tm trong B11, c s dng m t tham s kt hp c th c s dng kt ni vi mt lnh c bit. Trng hp c li trong cu lnh.H thng AXE s tr li l NOT ACCEPTED. dng th hai, cu thng bo FORMAT ERROR,COMMAND UNKNOWN, FAULT CODEnn hoc UNREASONABLE VALUE c in ra. S khc nhau gia cc cu thng bo trn nh sau: + FORMAT ERROR iu ny c ngha l dng lnh khng ng. C th l do kt hp cc tham s sai hoc b qua cc tham s bt buc. C php trong lnh m t phi c kim tra. + COMMAND UNKNOWN iu ny c ngha l m lnh (5 k t ) khng c bit bi h thng. L do l m vit sai, chc nng khng tn ti trong ng dng ny hoc ch APZ c bt u trong h thng (sau tt c cc lnh APT s ly kt qu ny). + FAULT CODE nn Chc nng ny phi kim tra cc tham s v thy rng lnh khng th c chp nhn v mt vi l do. Nu m t lnh c kim tra, th m li c th c kim tra thm. + UNREASONABLE VALUE iu ny c ngha l gi tr ca mt tham s khng ng. Trong mt vi trng hp, chc nng ny ch ra tham s b li. L do c th l khng tn ti thit b hoc tuyn c ch ra trong mt tham s. V D V LNH IU HNH Khai bo mi mt my thu bao Hin th d liu ca ng dy thu bao: - S dng lnh: SUSCP. - C php: <SUSCP: SNB = , LIST; - Tham s: + SNB: Cc s my cn hin th. ( Ti a 8 s cho mi my) + LIST: Danh sch cc s my. Hin th chi tit trng thi ng dy thu bao: - S dng lnh: STSUP. - C php: <STSUP: SNB = , LIST; Thc hin kt ni: - S dng lnh: SULII HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 33

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip - C php: <SULII: DETY= , ONELINE, SNB= ; - Tham s: + DETY: Kim tra thit b.(1 7 k t) + DEV: Tn thit b.(1 7 k t) + ONELINE: Ch ra rng tt c cc s my cho trong lnh s c kt ni ti cc ng dy tng ng. Cc ng dy ny phi ri trc khi kt ni. +SNB: S my cn kt ni: (3 10 s) -V d : <SULII: DEV = 0 1 125, SNB = 856299; Sau lnh ny s my 859299 s c kt ni vo: EMG: 0 EM: 1 S thit b ring bit: 125 Nu s my 856299 dng dch v ISDN: <SULII: DEV = LIBA 10, SNB = 856299; Nu s my 856299 dng dch v di ng: <SULII: DEV = MTH, SNB = 856299; 1: Mt s lnh xem trng thi cu hnh c bn: DPWSP; Xem trng thi lm vic ca b x l trung tm CP EXRPP:RP=ALL; Xem trng thi lm vic ca b x l vng RP EXEMP:RP=all, EM=all; Xem trng thi lm vic ca cc EM GDSTP; Xem trng thi lm vic ca trng chuyn mch Group Switch NTCOP:SNT=all; Xem config cua cac SNT ( Board trung ke...) NTSTP:SNT=all; Xem trng thi ca SNT Xem trng thi lm vic ca SP ( IOG ) IMMCT:SPG=0; IMCSP; END; Xem trng thi ca cc cng ni vo IOG IMLCT:SPG=0; ILLUP:LU=ALL; Xem trng thi cc LUM ILNPP:PORT=ALL; Xem trng thi cc cng ILNPP:NP=1-1-1-2, DETAIL; Xem chi tit d liu ca port END; Xem v chc nng cnh bo ALALP; Xem trng thi cnh bo (ALI) ALLIP:ACL=A1; Xem cc cnh bo ang c trong tng i ( mc cao nht) ALEXP; Xem trng thi lm vic ca cc cnh bo ngoi(External Alarm) ALRDP: Xem d liu khai bo cho cnh bo ngoi 2. Qui trnh backup d liu: SYBFP:FILE; Xem cc file backup ca h thng ( c ba file RELFSW0, RELFSW1 & RELFSW2 ) SYBUE; Deactive Automatic backup SYBUP:FILE= RELFSW2; backup ton b d liu trong tng i vo file s 2 Khong 2 gi ( xem c th thc thi hay khng SYBFP:FILE; nu nhn c FUNCTION BUSY c ngha qu backup cha xong ) HSTT: Phm Don Thnh Trang 34

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip SYBFP:FILE; SYTUC; SYBUI:DISC; Active Automatic backup tr li. copy file backup ra OD SYMTP:DIR=OUT,SPG=0,NODE=A,IO2=OD-1,FILE1=RELFSW2, {FILE2=RELF} 3. Qui trnh khai thc v tnh cc ( Charging) INFDP; Xem cc destination nh ngha INFDP:DEST=CHARGING; ( thng thng dest= Charging dng cho cc tng i) INFSP:DEST=CHARGING,FILE=TTFILE00; Xem cc subfile cc Ly cc ra a quang INMCT:SPG=0; INMEI:NODE=A,IO=OD-1,VOL=CUOC ; Format a quang nu cn INVOL:NODE=A,IO=OD-1; Load a quang ly cc END; INMFT:DEST=CHARGING,VOL1=CUOC; copy tt c cc subfile (ttfile00-xxxx) cha c ly vo a quang sau khi copy xong c th xem li cc subfile c trong a quang INMCT:SPG=0; INFIP:FILE=OD0A1; lit k cc subfile cha trong a quang END; Ly cc ra a quang (Virtual OD) Xem tn ca volume dt cho virtual OD INMCT:spg=0; INVOE:node=a,io=od-2; INVOL:NODE=a,io=OD-2; Load Virtual OD ( xem p ng h thng tn ca virtua OD) END; INMFT:DEST=CHARGING,VOL1=tn ca Virtual OD( VODA2); copy tt c cc subfile (ttfile00-xxxx) cha c ly vo Virtual OD Sau dng Window Commander copy cc subfile vo HD my tnh. M chng trnh window commander -> FTP > Session : Virtual OD ( t tn cho kt ni ty chn) Username: Anonymous Password: Anonymous Use passive mode for transfer ( click vo muc ny lin kt di ) 4. Khai bo kt ni lin i Kt ni qua trung k R2 chn card trung k R2 cha dng NTCOP:SNT=ET2D3-0&&-20; In ra xem card cha dng vi du et2d3-0 DTDII:DIP=AB, SNT=ET2D3-0; Kt ni truyn dn sau deblock dip xem OK ? DTBLE:DIP=AB; DTSTP:DIP=AB; in thng xuyn xem EXROI:R=ABO&ABI,FNC=3,DETY=BT2D3; nh ngha route bothway

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip EXRBC:R=ABO,R1=CSRR2S; Gn route bo hiu R2 cho route out EXRBC:R=ABI,R1=CSRR2R; Gn route bo hiu R2 cho route in EXDRI:R=ABO&ABI, DEV=BT2D3-1&&-15&-17&&-31; knh 16 khng c dng EXDAI:DEV=BT2D3-1&&-15&-17&&-31; a dev vo dch v (put in service) BLODE:DEV=BT2D3-1&&-15&-17&&-31; Deblock dev STDEP:DEV=BT2D3-1&&-15&-17&&-31; Xem trng thi dev phi l IDLE BLORE:R=ABO; M route out BLORP; Xem nhng route cha m Kt ni c7 cho mt tng i mi chn card trung k c7 cha dng vi d UPETN3-0 DTDII:DIP=C7DIP, SNT=UPETN3-0; lp thu pht ti DDF v kim tra DTBLE:DIP=C7DIP; DTSTP:DIP=C7DIP; C7SPP:SP=ALL; Xem cc im bo hiu kt ni C7SPI:SP=2-XXXX; Khai bo im bo hiu ca i cn ni n C7PNC:SP=2-XXXX,SPID= TONGDAIXXXX ; t tn cho hng dn kt ni C7LDI:LS=2-XXXX; nh ngha linkset C7SLI:LS=2-XXXX,SLC=0,ST=C7ST24-X,SDL=...., ACL=A2; C7STP:ST=C7ST24-0&&-20; EXROI:R=C7SO&C7SI,DETY=UPDN3,FNC=7; nh ngha route bo hiu c7 EXROI:R=C7SO&C7SI,DETY=UPDDIF,FNC=7; nh ngha route bo hiu c7 EXDRI:R=C7SO&C7SI,DEV=UPDN3-1; Ga s chn knh 1 ca card c7 u tin UPETN3-0 EXDAI:DEV=UPDN3-1; !A VO DCH V ! Khai bo semiconnection (ban thng trc)//phi u ni vatly ok th mi to c BLODI:DEV=C7ST24-X; BLODI:DEV=UPDN3-1; Trng thi ca dev phi l MBL trc khi ni semi EXSPI:NAME="C7...."; EXSSI:DEV1=UPDN3-1; EXSSI:DEV2=C7ST24-X; EXSPE; EXSCI:NAME="C7...", DEV=UPDN3-1; Active semiconnection. EXSCP:NAME="C7..."; Kim tra li C7RSI:DEST=2-XXXX,LS=2-XXXX,PRI=1; C7LAI:LS=2-XXXX,SLC=0; Activate c7 signalling link C7RAI:DEST=2-XXXX; C7LTP:LS=2-XXXX; (nu dang loop thu pht ti DDF th s c FCODE= 108 ) C7RSP:DEST=2-XXXX; Trng thi phi l ACC ( Acessable) Khai bo Traffic Route. EXROI:R=C7TO&C7TI,DETY=UPDN3,FNC=3; nh ngha route thoi EXDRI:R=C7TO&C7TI,DEV=UPDN3-2&&-31,MISC1=2;( misc1= CIC, phi kim tra vi i i phng) EXDAI:DEV=UPDN3-2&&-31; a vo dch v

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip BLODE:DEV=UPDN3-2&&-31; Deblock dev STDEP:DEV=UPDN3-2&&-31; Trng thi phi l IDLE; BLORP; BLORE:R=C7TO; BLORE:R=C7SO; Nu ch mun m thm trung k cho tng i kt ni ch lm thm DTDII:DIP=ABC,SNT=UPETN3-..; (Chn card trung k c7 cha dng ) DTBLE:DIP=ABC; EXDRI:DEV=UPDN3-X&&-Y,R=OUT&IN,MISC1= ..; ( CIC PHI TRNG I I PHNG) EXDAI:DEV=UPDN3-X&&-Y; BLODE:DEV=UPDN3-X&&-Y; STDEP:DEV=UPDN3-X&&-Y; NTCOP:SNT=ETM2-0; NHOM1: SP=2-1000,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX; DIP=6UPD NHOM2: SP=2-1001,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX; DIP=7UPD NHOM3: SP=2-1002,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX; NHOM4: SP=2-1003,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX; NHOM5: SP=2-1004,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX; NHOM6: SP=2-1005,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX; NHOM7: SP=2-1006,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX; NHOM8: SP=2-1007,DEV=UPDDIF-XXX;

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip II. Cc Cng Tc Bo Dng: Cc hot ng bo dng v bn cht l gim st, pht hin, nh v v sa cc li. Cc li c pht hin mt cch t ng bng s gim st v chn on ca h thng v cnh bo pht ra. Cc li cng c th c bo co bi cc thu bao v cc tng i khc trong mng. Ngay khi li c pht hin, hnh ng phi a ra l sa n. Cc v d v hot ng bo dng bao gm: - Tm, kim tra v sa li ca cc ng dy thu bao. - Tm,kim tra v sa li ca cc ng dy trung k. - Kim tra cc b m tp m trong GSS v SSS. - Bo dng ngun cung cp v cc h thng phn phi chng. - Bo dng APZ. Bo dng phng nga ( Preventive Maintenance). Thc hin cc cng vic thng xuyn nh: Kim tra cc ngun li nghi ng v trung ha chng trc khi chng gy ra hu qu nghim trng cho h thng. Bo dng sa cha ( Corrective Maintenance). Sa cc li thc s bng cch ngn chn, c lp v sa cc nguyn nhn gy ra chng ngay lp tc. Vi cc li xy ra thng xuyn, h thng s thng bo cho nhn vin trong i bng cch pht ra cnh bo v in cnh bo. Nhn vin cng phi ch n tnh trng li thng qua phn nn ca khch hng. Thng tin quan h cc li bn ngoi vi tng i cng c th nhn c t cc thu bo. Bo dng t ng (Controlled Corrective Maintenance (CCM )). C gng thc hin mt cn bng gia gim st phng nga v gim st sa cha.CCM c pht trin bi Ericsson gip gim gi bo dng trong khi vn m bo cht lng dch v cao. Bo dng t ng (CCM) cung cp: - Tip tc gim st phn cng. - nh v t ng v c lp li. - To cc cnh bo bo dng v in cnh bo nu t n cc gii hn li. 3. Cc yu cu k thut: 3.1. Yu cu v in tr ni t: Ni t cho thit b l ni v thit b dng in bng kim loi vi t thng qua trang b ni t bao gm dy ni t v cc tip t. Phng php ny nhm bo v an ton cho ngi khi chm phi v my, v thit b trong tr][ngf hp cch in ca my b h hng khin cho v my cng xut hin in p, tc dng ca ni tl tn dng in vo trong t v lm cho cc vt c ni t c in p thp so vi t. Khi mt ngi chm phi v my trong trng hp my b r in th in p trn ngi l: Ungi = Ingi.Rngi = It.Rt = Ut. Nu ni t tt th Rt nh, Ut nh nn dng qua ngi nh. Nu t c Rt cng nh nhiu so vi Rngi th cng tt, dng r s qua dy tip t l ch yu, qua ngi khng ng k. Khi thc hin ni t tr s Rt c quy nh nh sau: i vi cc thit b in p ti 1000V trong cc li in c im trung tnh t cch in i vi t th Rt<4 , nu cng sut ngun nh nhn 100 kVA th cho php Rt< 10 .

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Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip i vi cc thit b in p trn 1000 V c im trung tnh trc tip ni t quy nh Rt = 0,5 . V tr s dng in tip t nh, yu cu tip t v my phi rt tt, ng thi phi km theo h thng bo ng, t ng ngt mch nhanh nguy him cho nhn vin vn hnh. 3.2. Yu cu v bo an: Thit b bo an m bo an ton cho cc hit b in t vin thng, khng b ph hng do nh hng ca st trn ng dy, n c kh nng ct lc st cm ng vo ng dy, lm suy gim hon ton xung st trn u ra cp ngun cho thit b. Thit b bo an gm c: Mch bo v s cp: gm cc linh kin chng qua p, trit tiu xung st trn u vo c ngun in, a cc xung st xung t. Mch lc thng thp: gm cc phn t lc: L,C to thnh b lc thng thp, c tc dng ngn chn cc nhiu do st nh hng ln ng dy. Mch bo v th cp: gm cc linh kin chng qu p, c tc dng trit tiu in p cm ng ln u ra cp ngun cho thit b v nhiu do ti sinh ra. Thit b bo an phi c ni t v lp t theo ng tiu chun an ton in ang c ban hnh, c lp t sau cu dao chnh cung cp ngun cho thit b cn c bo v, cc thit b khng cn i hi cao v cht lng nh: n chiu sng, ng c, cc thit b sinh nhiu th phi lp t trc thit b bo an. Sau y l s khi ca h thng s dng thit b bo an:
Ngun in li Thit b bo an Thit b in t vin thng

iu Thit ha b khc

Ngun pht in

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