Duy Thc Hc Nhp Mn

Ngi THIN THN B Tt To Lun Hn Dch :Ngi HUYN TRANG Php S

Vit Dch : HT Thin Hoa

Ngun http://www.tangthuphathoc.com Chuyn sang ebook 14-6-2009 Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin namthien@gmail.com Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org Mc Lc

LI NI U
Gio l ca Pht c n tm vn bn nghn (84.000) php mn, chia ra lm mi tn, chung quy ch c hai loi: Php tnh v Php tng. Duy thc tn thuc v Php tng. Nghin cu, phn tch, tm hiu Duy thc tn gi l Duy thc hc. Mn hc ny l mt mn trit hc rt cao siu v rng ri, nn t xa n nay khng bit bao nhiu hc gi phi bp trn nn u v n. Ci kh khn trong vic nghin cu Duy thc c nhiu nguyn nhn: 1. Rt nhiu danh t chuyn mn mi l m hc gi cha quen nghe. 2. Phn tch cc hnh tng v tm l cng nh vt cht rt nhiu v qu t m, lm cho hc gi kh nh. 3. Sch v Duy thc qu nhiu, hc gi khng bit nn xem quyn no trc, quyn no sau. 4. Nhng sch y phn nhiu l sch ch Hn, vn li qu c nn ngi nay kh hc. 5. Phi c tu qun mi hiu r c Duy thc. V nhng nguyn nhn trn, hc gi phn ng nh b l mt mn trit hc thm thy, cao siu l Duy thc hc!

Mun nghin cu mn hc ny mt cch c hiu qu, cn phi c phng php v ngi hng dn. Chng ti cn nh, khi ang tng hc ti Pht hc ng Lng Xuyn (Vnh Bnh), mt hm S c Tuyn Linh (L Khnh Ha) Gim c Pht hc ng Lng Xuyn a cho chng ti quyn i tha b php minh mn lun v dy rng: Duy thc l mt mn hc kh v cng. Vn chng kh, danh t li nhiu v hnh tng Tm vng, Tm s cng rt phin phc. Ti ba nm nghin cu b Thnh Duy thc lun, m nh ngi i vo rng rm, khng tm c li ra. n nm inh Mo nh ban t chc trng hng cha Long Khnh Quy Nhn mi ti lm Php S. Ti c may mn gp Ha thng Thp Thp. Ti thut li s kh khn trong vic nghin cu Thnh Duy thc ca ti. Ha thng Thp Thp nghe xong, em biu ti quyn i tha b php minh mn lun chu ngn v ni: Ti biu Ngi mt ci cha kha m kho Duy thc. Ngi nghin cu Duy thc m trc khng c Lun ny, th cng nh ngi g ni t ri m khng tm c mi. Vy Ngi nn c quyn Lun ny cho k ri nghin cu Thnh Duy thc, Ngi s thy d dng. Qu tht nh th. Sau khi ti tr v Nam, chuyn ch c quyn i tha b php minh mn lun trong ba thng, ti tr li nghin cu Thnh Duy thc, thy khng cn kh khn nh trc na. Bi th, quyn B php ny i vi ti qu bu v cng: Ngoi ci k nim v gi ca Ho thng Thp Thp, n cn l mt ci cha kha cho ti m ca vo nh Duy thc. Hm nay, ti trao li cho cc ng quyn Lun ny, cc ng khi cng trong vic nghin cu Duy thc. Mc d S c Thp Thp v S c Tuyn Linh v ci pht gn hai chc nm ri, song nhng k nim cao qu ca hai S cu, m chng ti c vinh hnh theo hu trong my nm, vn cn ghi m nt trong tm hn chng ti v nhng li vng ngc trn vn cn vng vng bn tai chng ti. Ngy nay, nhc nh cng c ln lao ca hai S c, nhng v lp cng u tin trong phong tro chn hng Pht gio Vit Nam v cng cho hc gii nc nh nghin cu c d dng mn hc Duy thc, chng ti nh bo, c gng phin dch v gii thch quyn i tha b php minh mn lun ny v i danh l Duy thc nhp mn cho d hiu. Quyn Duy thc nhp mn ny, nh danh ca n nu ln, s hng dn qu v c gi i vo ng ca ca ta nh Duy thc. Qu c gi hy c v nh k quyn sch ny. V quyn sch ny ch ni v gii thch v cc danh t chuyn mn ca Duy thc. Cng nh ngi hc thuc, trc phi hc cc tn thuc v tnh dc; ri tip tc c nhng quyn Duy thc hc tp I, II, III (m Hng o xut bn), th qu v s thy mnh ang bc dn mt cch d dng v th v ln ta lu i rc r v s ca Duy thc. Mong qu v s chng t c mc ch.

Bin ti Pht Hc ng Nam Vit Mnh ng nm Mu Tut (1958) Sa mn THCH THIN HOA BI TH NHT LUN I THA TRM PHP (Trch yu Bi ny nn hc thuc lng)

PHN TH NHT
CHNH VN Hi: Nh li Pht dy: "Tt c cc php u v ng". Vy ci g l "Tt c php" v sao gi l "v ng"? p: Tt c cc php tuy nhiu, nhng tm li c 100 php, chia lm 5 loi: I. Tm php (C 8 mn) II. Tm s hu php (C 51 mn) III. Sc php (C 11 mn) IV. Tm bt tng ng hnh php (C 24 mn) V. V vi php (C 6 mn) LC GII

I. TM PHP HOC GI L TM VNG C 8 MN

1. Nhn thc (ci bit ca mt) 2. Nh thc (ci bit ca tai) 3. T thc (ci bit ca mi) 4. Thit thc (ci bit ca li) 5. Thn thc (ci bit ca thn) 6. thc (ci bit ca ) 7. Mt na thc (Thc th 7) 8. A li da thc (Thc th 8)

II. TM S HU PHP, GI TT L TM S, C 51 MN, PHN LM 6 LOI:

1. Bin thnh, c nm: Xc, Tc , Th, Tng, T. 2. Bit cnh, c nm: Dc, Thng gii, Nim, nh, Hu.

3. Thin, c mi mt: Tn, Tm, Qu, V tham, V sn, V si, Tinh tn, Khinh an, Bt phng dt, Hnh x, Bt hi. 4. Cn bn phin no, c su: Tham, Sn, Si, Mn, nghi, c kin. c kin li chia lm nm: Thn kin, Bin kin, T kin, KIn th, Gii cm th. 5. Tu phin no, c 20 mn, chia lm ba loi: a) Tiu tu, c 10: Phn, Hn, Ph, No, Tt, Xan, Cung, Sim, Hi, Kiu. b) Trung tu, c 2: V tm, V qu. c) i tu, c8: Tro c, Hn trn, Bt tn, Gii i, Phng dt, Tht nim, Tn lon, Bt chnh tri. 6. Bt nh, c bn mn: Hi, Min, Tm, T. III. SC PHP, C 11 MN: Nm cn: Nhn cn, Nh cn, T cn, Thit cn v Thn cn. Su trn: Sc trn, Thinh trn, Hng trn, V trn, Xc trn v Php trn. IV. TM BT TNG NG HNH PHP, GI TT L "BT TNG NG HNH", C 24 MN: c, Mng cn, Chng ng phn, Di sanh tnh, V tng nh, Dit tn nh, V tng bo, Danh thn, C thn, Vn thn, Sanh, Tr, Lo, V thng, Lu chuyn, nh d Tng ng. Th tc, Th , Thi, Phng, S, HO hip tnh, Bt ho hip tnh. V. V VI PHP, C 6 MN: H khng v vi, Trch dit v vi, Phi trch dit v vi, Bt ng dit v vi, Tng th dit v vi, Chn nh v vi. Nguyn vn ch Hn Nht th ti thng c D th tng ng c Nh s hin nh c Tam v sai bit c T s hin th c Nh th t . Dch ngha: Th lp nh vy: Tm vng hn tt c. Tm vng cng Tm s hp nhau. Do hai mn: Tm vng v Tm s, m hin ra nh tng l "sc php". Do ba mn: Tm vng, Tm s v Sc php, m thnh ra 24 mn sai khc l "Bt tng ng hnh". Do bn mn: Tm vng, Tm s, Bt tng ng hnh, u thuc v Php Hu vi, nn hin ra 6 Php V vi.

LC GII Tm li, ngoi nhn hi: "Ci g l tt c php ? i , Lun ch tr li: Cc php tuy nhiu, nhng c lc ch c mt trm php, phn lm 5 loi:1. Tm vng c 8; 2. Tm s c 5; 3. Sc php c 11; 4. Bt tng ng hnh c 24; 5. V vi php c 6. Trong 5 loi, li chia lm hai: Bn loi trn thuc v Php Hu vi, loi th 5 thuc v php V vi. Trn nguyn vn ni "tt c php" tc l php Hu vi v v vi vy. T trc n y Lun ch tr li xong cu hi th nht: "Ci g l tt c php". V mun cho hc gi d nh, nn C nhn c lm bi k bn cu, tm li 100 php nh vy: Sc php thp nht, tm php bt, Ng thp nht c tm s php Nh thp t chng bt tng ng, Lc c V vi thnh b php. Dch ngha: Sc php mi mt, Tm php tm, Nm mi mt mn Tm s php, Hai mi mt mn Bt tng ng, Su mn V vi thnh trm php. *** PHN TH HAI Lun ch tr li cu hi th hai: "Sao gi l v ng?" CHNH VN Ni "v ng", lc c 2 mn: 1. Nhn v ng, 2. Php v ng. LC GII Chng sinh chp thn, tm ny tht l mnh (ta), nh th l "Nhn ng" ; chp ni, sng, t, nc, tt c s vt bn ngoi l tht c, nh th l "Php ng". V "nhn" khng tht c v "Php" cng khng tht c, nn Pht gi rng: "Tt c Php v ng"; tc l "Nhn khng tht" v "Php khng tht" vy. Nh th l Lun ch tr li xong cu hi th hai: "Th no l v ng".

BI TH HAI LUN I THA TRM PHP Nguyn vn ch Hn Nh Th Tn ngn: "Nht th php v ng". H dng nht th php ? Vn h vi v ng ? Dch ngha: Nh li c Th Tn ni: "Tt c Php khng tht". Vy, ci g l "tt c Php"? V sao gi l "khng tht"? LC GII Ch "PHP" tc l tt c s vt t tinh thn ln vt cht, no Thnh Phm chn vng, hu tnh v tnh, hu hnh v hnh, hu vi v vi, v.v...u gi l Php. Dch ng theo vn Tu: "Phm ci g, t n c th gi c hnh dng hay khun kh ca n, lm cho ngi, khi trng n n, bit l vt g, th gi l "Php" (Nhm tr t tnh, qu sanh vt gii). Ch "NG" l Ta hay Ti. Phm ni "Ta" th phi hai iu kin: 1. T ti hay t ch, 2. C th sp t sai khin mi vic. Nh th mi c gi "Ta". Nhng ch "v ng" y, nn hiu ngha l "khng tht" th r hn. *** PHN TH NHT, NI 100 PHP Nguyn vn ch Hn Nht th php gi, lc hu ng chng: Nht gi Tm php, Nh gi Tm s hu php, Tam gi Sc php, T gi Tm bt tng ng hnh php, Ng gi V vi php.

Dch ngha Ni tt c Php c nm mn: 1. Tm php 2. Tm s hu php 3. Sc php 4. Tm bt tng ng hnh php 5. V vi php LC GII Ch "TM" c nhiu ngha, nhng tm li c 6 ngha: 1. Tp khi: Cha nhm v pht khi. Ngha ny thuc v thc th Tm (Tng thc). V thc ny c cng nng "cha nhm" chng t ca cc php, ri "pht khi" ra hin hnh. 2. Tch tp: Cha nhm. Ngha ny thuc v by thc trc. V by thc trc c cng nng "cha nhm" cc php hin hnh hun vo Tng thc. Tri li, By th`c trc cng c ngha "tp khi" (cha nhm v pht khi), v by thc trc c cng nng "cha nhm" cc php hin hnh, hun vo Tng thc, "khi thnh" chng t. Thc th Tm cng c ngha "tch tp" (cha nhm), v thc th Tm c cng nng "cha nhm" chng t ca cc php vy. 3. Duyn l: Duyn cnh, khi phn bit. Tm thc u t duyn ci cnh tng phn ca mnh, ri khi ra phn bit (l). 4. Thc: Hiu bit phn bit. C tm thc u c cng dng hiu bit phn bit. 5. :Sanh dit tng tc khng gin on. C tm thc u nim nim sanh dit tng tc khng gin on. 6. Tm, v Thc: V y theo c tnh ca mi thc, th thc th Tm v ngha"Tch tp" th thng, nn gi l"Tm"; thc th By v ngha"sanh dit tng tc" th thng, nn gi l "" v su thc trc v ngha phn bit th thng nn goi l:Thc". Ch "TM PHp": Php thuc v Tm. V 8 mn Tm ny c cng nng th thng hn ht; cng nh ng Vua c oai quyn th lc, thng tr thin h, cho nn cng gi l "Tm vng". *** NGI HC NN HC THUC LNG NHNG DANH T SAU Y:

I. Ba cnh: a) Tnh cnh, b) c nh cnh, c) i cht cnh. II. Ba lng: a) Hin lng, b) T lng, c) Phi lng. III. Ba tnh: a) Thin tnh, b) c tnh, c) V k tnh. IV. Ba th: a) Kh th, b) Lc th, c) X th. V.Nm th: a) Kh th, b) Lc th, c) u th, d) H th, ) X th. VI. Tm c bn phn: a) Tng phn, b) Kin phn, c)T chng phn, d) Chng t chng phn. VII. 51 mn Tm s, phn lm 6 v: a) Bin hnh, c 5 b) Bit cnh, c 5 c) Thin, c 11 d) Cn bn phin no, c 6 e)Tu phin no, c 20 g) Bt nh, c 4 a) Dc gii: 1. Ng th tp c a. 2. Ly, sanh h lc a. 3. nh, sanh h lc a. VIII. Ba gii b) Sc gii: 4. Ly h, diu lc a. v chn a 5. X nim thanh tnh a 6. Khng v bin x a 7. Thc v bin x a c) V sc gii: 8.V s hu x a 9.Phi tng phi ph tng x a. T lng vi: 1. Thp tr, 2. Thp hnh, 3. Thp hi hng. a) Hin: T gia hnh v: 1. Non, 2. nh, 3. Nhn, 4. Th nht. IX. B tt 1. Hoan h a, 2. Ly cu a, c hai 3. Pht quang a, 4. Dim hu a, 5. Nan thng a, 6. Hin

b) Thnh: tin a, 7. Vinhnh a, 8. Bt ng a, 9. Thin hu a, 10. Php vn a. X. Tm thc v cc duyn: Nhn thc, c 9 duyn: 1. H khng, 2. nh sng, 3. Cn, 4. Cnh, 5. Tc , 6. Phn bit y, 7. Nhim tnh y, 8. Cn bn y, 9. Chng t. Nh thc, c 8 duyn: Cc duyn cng ng nh Nhn thc trn, ch tr " nh sng". Ba thc: T, Thit v Thn, li cn c 7 duyn: Cc duyn ng nh Nhn thc trn, ch bt 2 duyn l H khng v nh sng. thc,c 5 duyn: 1. Cn, 2. Cnh, 3. Tc , 4. Cn bn y, 5. Chng t. Mt na thc, c 3 duyn: 1. Cn cnh, 2. Tc , 3. Chng t. A li da thc, c 3 duyn: 1. Cn (Mt na), 2. Cnh (thn cn, kh gii v chng t), 3. Tc , 4. Chng t. V mun d nh, nn C nhn c bi tng nh sau: Nhn thc cu duyn sanh Nh thc duy tng bt T, Thit, Thn tam,tht Hu tam; ng, tam, t Dch ngha Nhn thc chn duyn Nh thc ch cn tm T, Thit, Thn c by Sau ba; nm, ba bn LC GII

Nhn thc c chn duyn; Nh thc ch c 8 duyn; T, Thit v Thn ba thc ny li c 7 duyn; cn ba thc sau th thc th 6 c 5 duyn, thc th 7 c 3 duyn v thc th 8 c 4 duyn. (Thc th 7 ly kin phn ca A li da thc lm cnh; Thc th 8 ly cn thn, kh gii v chng t lm cnh). BI TH BA I. TM VNG (C TM MN) Tm mn tm ny rt th thng,t ti v t ch; cng nh v Quc vng, nn gi l Tm vng(nht th ti thng c) NM THC TRC (TIN NG THC) 1. Nhn thc: Ci bit ca con mt. V thc ny nng Nhn cn, khi ra tc dng phn bit v sc trn, nn gi l "Nhn thc". 2. Nh thc: Ci bit cal tai. V thc ny nng Nh cn, khi ra tc dng phn bit v thinh trn, nn gi l "Nh thc". 3. T thc: Ci bit cami. V thc ny nng T cn, khi ra tc dng phn bit v hng trn, nn gi l "T thc". 4. Thit thc: Ci bit cali. V thc ny nng Thit cn, khi ra tc dng phn bit v vi trn, nn gi l "Thit thc". 5. Thn thc: Ci bit cathn. V thc ny nng thn cn, khi ra tc dng phn bit v xc trn, nn gi l "Thn thc". Trong 8 thc Tm vng. V 5 thc ny bn ngoi v trc, nn cng gi l "Tin ng thc" (nm thc trc). KHI A V PHM PHU NM THC NY I VI: 1. Ba cnh: Nm thc ny ch c"Tnh cnh" 2. Ba lng: Nm thc ny ch c"Hin lng" 3. Ba tnh: Nm thc ny c 3 tnh: Thin,c v V k. 4. Nm th: Nm thc ny ch c 3 th: Kh, Lc v X th. 5. Ba ci: ci Dc th nm thc ny c, n ci Sc ch cn thc: Nhn,Nh v Thn; v hai thc T v Thit khng hin hnh(Nhn, Nh, Thn tam Nh a c).

6. Chn a: Nm thc ny ch trong hai a: 1. Ng th tp c a, tc l ci Dc thuc v S a. 2. Ly sanh h lc a, ci Sc, thuc S thin gi l Nh a. 7. Nm mi mt Tm s: Nm thc ny ch tng ng 34 tm s: 5 mn bin hnh, 5 mn bit cnh, 11 mn Thin, 3 mn Cn bn phin no, 2 mn Trung tu v 8 mn i tu. 8. :Chn duyn:Nhn thc 9 duyn, Nh thc ch cn 8 duyn (thiu Minh), 3 thc T, Thit v Thn ch c 7 duyn ( thiu Minh v Khng ). 9. Th: Th ca 5 thc ny, ch c T tnh phn bit, khng c Tu nim phn bit v K t phn bit. 10. Tng: Thc vi cn kh phn (ngu gi nan phn thc d cn). 11. Nghip dng: Duyn trn cnh. Song 2 thc: Nhn v Nh phi cch trn cnh mi phn bit c. Cn 3 thc: T, Thit v Thn phi hip vi trn cnh mi phn bit c. KHI LN THNH V NM THC NY I VI: 1. Qun hnh (tu): Khi ln Thnh v, th 5 thc ny chuyn thnh "Hu c tr", v bin ra ci Tng phn ca 2 mn chn nh (Sanh khng chn nh v php khng chn nh) m qun (duyn). 2. on hoc v chuyn thnh tr: Khi thc th 8 chuyn thnh "i vin cnh tr", th cc cn c v lu; lc by gi 5 thc ny cng c v lu v chuyn lm "Thnh s tc tr". 3. Chng qu v diu dng: Khi chng qu v Pht th 5 thc ny chuyn lm "Thnh s tc tr". Lc by gi n c cng dng ho hin ra 3 loi thn gio ho v dt tr cc kh sanh t lun hi cho chng sanh. BA LOI THN: 1. Thn i ho tc l Thng ng thn. Thn ny cao 1.000 trng, gio ho hng i tha B Tt. 2. Thn Tiu ho tc l Lit ng thn. Thn ny cao mt trng su thc, gio ho hng Tam hin B Tt cng Nh tha v phm phu. 3. Thn Tu loi ho. Thn ny tu theo loi chng sanh m ho hin. *

V mun cho ngi hc d nh, nn trong Bt thc Qui c, Ngi Huyn Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng tm tt li 5 thc nh sau. Hai bi tng u l ni 5 thc ny khi cn a v phm phu, bi tng th 3 l ni khi ln Thnh v. Bi tng th nht Tnh cnh, Hin lng, thng tam Tnh Nhn, Nh, Thn tam Nh a c Bin hnh, Bit cnh, Thin thp nht Trung nh, i bt, Tham, Sn, Si Dch ngha Tnh cnh, Hin lng, thng ba Tnh Nhn, Nh, Thn ba Nh a Bin hnh, Bit cnh, Thit mi mt Trung hai, i tm, Tham, Sn, Si LC GII Trong 3 Cnh th 5 thc ny ch c "Tnh cnh"; trong 3 lng n ch c "Hin lng"; cn 3 Tnh th n c Thin, c v V k. ci Dc l S a, th c 5 thc. Ln ci Sc v Nh a, th ch cn 3 thc l: Nhn, Nh v Thn. Ni v Tm s, th 5 thc ny tng ng vi 34 mn: 5 mn Bin hnh, 5 mn Bit cnh, 11 mn Thin, 2 mn Trung tu, 8 mn i tu v 3 mn Cn bn phin no l: Tham, Sn, Si. Bi tng th hai Ng thc ng y Tnh sc cn Cu duyn, bt, tht ho tng ln Hip tam, ly nh, qun trn th Ngu gi nan phn thc d cn

Dch ngha Nm thc ng nng Tnh sc cn Chn, tm, by duyn a gn nhau Ba hip, hai ri, duyn trn cnh Ngu gi kh phn Thc v Cn . LC GII Cn, c 2 loi: 1. Ph trn cn:Cn th ph bn ngoi. 2. Tnh sc cn: cn thanh tnh tinh t bn trong; cng gi l "Thng ngha cn", v cn ny rt th thng. Nm thc u nng 5 cn Tnh sc v nh c cc duyn mi sanh ra c. Nh Nhn thc nh 9 duyn, Nh thc ch cn 8 duyn, T, Thit v Thn mi thc ch c 7 duyn. Ba thc: T, Thit v Thn phi hip vi trn cnh mi duyn c; cn 2 thc l Nhn v Nh phi cch h trn cnh mi duyn c. Chng phm phu v hng Nh tha v chp php nng n, nn kh phn bit ci no l Thc v ci no l Cn. V th, m c hai u b gi l "Ngu gi". Bi tng th ba Bin tng qun khng duy hu c Qu trung du t bt thuyn chn Vin minh s pht thnh V lu Tam loi phn thn tc kh lun. Dch ngha Tr Hu c bin tng khng, qun (duyn) Khi chng qu cn chng ni chn Vin minh va pht thnh V lu Phn thn ba loi, dt kh lun. LC GII

Nm thc ny khng c "Cn bn tr" m ch c "Hu c tr". Khi duyn chn nh th n ch bin li tng phn ca hai mn chn nh (Sanh khng chn nh v Php khng chn nh) m duyn, ch khng th trc tip thn duyn c; v n khng c "Cn bn tr" nn khng th thn duyn. Khi chng c Thnh qu, cng khng th ni "Nm thc ny thn duyn c chn nh", hung chi l trong lc tu nhn. n khi thc th Tm va chuyn thnhi vin cnh tr (vin minh s pht) th 5 thc ny thnh V lu. Lc by gi, 5 thc ny c cng dng hin ra ba loi thn ho v dt tr cc kh sanh t lun hi cho chng sanh. Cu "Bin tng khng qun": Bin li tng chn nh m duyn. Ch "Tng khng" l tng Ng khng v Php khng tc l Chn nh (nh khng chn nh). Ch "Qun" l duyn. Ngha l:Tr Hu c ny ch bin li tng chn nh m duyn. Ch "Ni Chn": Ngha l ni thn duyn Chn nh. BI TH T THC (THC TH SU) Thc ny nng cn (thc th 7) khi tc dng phn bit Php trn, nn gi l " thc". Trong tm thc duy c thc th Su ny rt lanh l v khn ngoan hn ht, nn trong bi th Bt thc c cu rng:"c hu nht c ti linh ly" (ring c mt ci thc rt lanh l). Suy ngh lm vic phi, thc ny ng u; cn tnh ton to tc vic c, th n cng hn c. Bi th nn trong Duy thc ni:"Cng vi th, ti vi khi" (Ni v "Cng" th thc ny hn ht, cn lun v "Ti" th n cng ng u). Thc ny cng c cng nng chp Ng v chp Php. Mt iu m ngi hc thng thc mc: Ti sao thc th Su gi l " thc", m thc th By cng gi l " thc"? trong i tha b php minh mn lun chu ngn, c gii thch nh vy: Thc th Su m gi l " thc" v thc ny nng " cn" m khi ra phn bit, nn gi " thc". Ngha l thc ca cn. "Thc" l nng y, cn"" l b y, hai phn khc nhau.cng nh ni "Nhn thc", tc l thc ca Nhn cn. Th l cn vi thc khc nhau. Cn thc th By m gi l " thc"; ch "" l sanh dit tng tc khng gin on. V thc ny sanh dit tng tc khng gin on nn gi l " thc". Th l "Thc" tc l "" khng khc. Cng nh "Tng thc", ch "Tng" l cha ng. V thc ny cha ng cc php, nn gi l "Tng thc". Th l "Thc" tc l "Tng (cha) khng khc. KHI I V PHM PHU, THC NY I VI: 1. Ba cnh: Thc ny c ba cnh:

a) Tnh cnh, b) c nh cnh, c) i cht cnh. 2. Ba lng: Thc ny c ba lng: a) HIn lng, b) T lng, c) Phi lng. 3. Ba tnh: Thc ny c ba tnh: a) Thin tnh, b) c tnh, c) V k tnh. 4. Ba ci: Thc ny c trong ba ci: a) Ci dc, b) ci sc, c) ci V sc. 5.Chn a: Thc ny c trong chn a: 6. Tm s: Thc ny c 51 mn Tm s: 5 mn Bin hnh, 5 mn Bit cnh, 11 mn Thin, 6 mn cn bn phin no, 20 mn Ty phin no, 4 mn Bt nh. 7. Chn duyn: Trong chn duyn, thuc ny ch c 5 duyn: a) Cn duyn, b) Cnh duyn, c)Tc duyn, d)Cn bn duyn, e) Chng t duyn. 8. Th (tnh): Th ca thc ny c ba mn phn bit: a)T tnh phn bit, b)Tu nim phn bit, c) K t phn bit. 9. Tng: Tng ca thc ny l lun chuyn trong ba ci (tam gii lun thi d kh tri). 10. Nghip dng: Nghip dng ca thc ny lm cho thn v ming to ra dn nghip v mn nghip cm th qu bo trong ba ci. V ba tnh cng nm Th, thc nt thng thay i lun. KHI LN THNH V, THC NY I VI 1. Qun hnh (tu): Thc th su ny qun sanh khng, ph tr ng chp v qun php khng, ph tr php chp. 2. on hoc v thnh tr: Thc ny c nm giai on tr hoc chuyn thnh tr: a)n v T lng, th thc ny mi chinh phc c hai mn hin hnh ca ng chp. b)n v Kin o, th thc ny mi on c hai mn chng t v phn phn bit ca ng chp v php chp. c)n v Tu tp, thc ny on c hai mn hin hnh v chinh phc c hai chng t cu sanh ca ng chp v php chp.

d)n v Vin hnh tr ln th thc ny mi on ht cu sanh ng chp v hon ton v lu. e)n v ng gic, thc ny on ht cu sanh php chp,chuyn thnh Diu quan st tr. 3. Chng qu v diu dng: Khi chng qu v Pht, th thc ny chuyn thnh Diu quan st tr v c cng nng chiu soi cn c ca chng sanh trong i thin th gii, ri ty c thuyt php ho hm linh. Mun cho ngi hc d nh, nn trong Bt thc quy c, ngi Huyn Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng nh sau. Hai bi tng u, ni thc ny khi i v Phm phu, bi tng th ba ni thc ny khi ng Thnh qu. Bi tng th nht Tam Tnh, tam Lng thng tam Cnh Tam gii lun thi di kh tri Tng ng Tm s ng tht nht Thin c lm thi bit phi chi. Dch nghi Ba Tnh, ba Lng v ba Cnh Lun chuyn ba ci rt d bit Tm s tng ng nm mi mt Thin c n thi ring phi hip. LC GII Thc th Su ny c ba Tnh, ba Lng v ba Cnh. N lun hi trong ba ci rt d bit. Nhng Tm s tng ng vi thc ny c 51 mn. Khi thc ny ngh vic lnh th c Thin tm s ring phi hip, cn khi ngh vic c th c c tm s ring phi hip. *** Bi tng th hai Tnh, Gii, Th tam hng chuyn dch Cn, Ty, Tn dng ng tng lin

ng thn pht ng c vi ti Dn, Mn nng chiu nghip lc khin. Dch nghi Tnh, Gii, Th ba thng bin i Cn, Tu, Tn chung nhau lin tip Thn ng, ming tht n hn ht Dn nghip, Mn nghip th qu bo LC GII Thc Ny i vi ba Tnh, ba Gii v nm Th th n thng thay i; khi th vui lc li bun, ...51 mn Tm s, nh cn bn phin no, Tu phin no v Thin tm s, ...cng nhau lin tip khng lc no ri thc ny. Lm cho thn ng v ming ni, duy c thc ny l hn ht. N to ra dn nghip v mn nghip chiu cm qu bo i sau. Ba tng th ba Pht khi s tm Hoan h a Cu sanh du t hin trin min Vin hnh a hu thun v lu Qun st vin minh chiu i thin. Dch ngha Khi ng s tm Hoan h a Cu sanh ng, php hin cn n Vin hnh v sau thun v lu Qun st vin mn khp i thin LC GII Hnh gi trong lc tri qua Thp thnh th th c ny c ba thi k on phin no v thun v lu.

1. Khi ln S a, tc l Hoan h a, th phn bit ng chp v php chp u on. Nhng cu sanh ng chp v php chp hy cn hin hnh v min phc trong Tng thc, cha c th chinh phc v on tr c. 2. Khi n Vin hnh a (tc l Tht a) tr ln th mi on c chng t cu sanh ca ng chp v chinh phc c hin hnh ca php chp. Lc by gi thc ny mi thun V lu. 3. Khi sp ln qu Pht th on c chng t cu sanh ca php chp. Lc by gi thc ny chuyn thnh Diu quan st tr, qun st chiu soi c a thin th gii v tu theo cn c ca mi loi m thuyt php gio ho. BI TH NM MT NA THC (THC TH BY) Thc ny c nhiu tn: 1. Mt na (go theo nguyn m ting Phn), 2. cn: Thc ny l cn ca thc (Thc th Su); V thc th Su nng thc ny pht sanh. 3. Thc th By: Theo th th thc ny ng nhm th By. 4. Truyn thng thc: V thc ny c cng nng truyn cc php hin hnh. 5. thc, v thc ny sanh dit tng tc khng gin on nn gi l "". Song, s ngi lm ln vi thc th Su, nn thc th By ny ch gi l "", m khng thm ch "Thc". Thc ny ch duyn kin phn cu thc A li da chp lm tht ng v tht php. KHI I V PHM PHU, THC NY I VI: 1. Ba cnh: Thc ny ch c i cht cnh 2. Ba lng: Thc ny ch c Phi lng 3. Ba tnh: Thc ny ch c Hu ph V k tnh. 4. Ba gii: Trong ba Gii, thc ny u c . 5. Chn a: Trong chn a, thc ny c . 6.Tm s: Thc ny c 18 tm s: 5 mn Bin hnh, 1 mn Hu trong Bit cnh, 4 mn cn bn phin no: Si, Kin, Mn, i v 8 mn i ty. 7.Chn duyn: Thc ny ch c ba duyn: 1. Cn cnh duyn. 2. Tc duyn. 3. Chng t duyn. 8.Tnh: Hng thm xt v lo ngh (Hng thm t lng). 9. Tng: Lo ngh (T lng vi tnh tng) 10. Nghip dng: Lm ch cho 6 thc trc nng, hoc nhim hay tnh.

KHI LN THNH V THC NY I VI: 1. Qun hnh: Tht ra thc ny khng c nng lc on hoc, ch nh thc th Su tu qun, on hoc, m thc ny cng c on. 2. on hoc v chuyn thnh tr:C ba giai on: a) n s a, th thc ny mi va chinh phc c hai mn chp v phn cu sanh v chuyn thnh Bnh ng tnh tr. b) Khi ln Bt a (V cng dng o) thc ny on c cu sanh ng chp. c) n Kim Cang o th thc ny mi on c cu sanh php chp 3. Chng qu v diu dng: Khi chng qu v Pht, th thc na hin ra thn "Tha th dng", gio ho thp a B Tt. *** Mun cho ngi hc d nh, nn trong Bt thc quy c, ngi Huyn Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng nh sau. Hai bi tng u, ni thc ny khi i v Phm phu, bi tng th ba ni thc ny khi ln Thnh qu. Bi tng th nht i cht hu ph thng tnh bn Ty duyn chp ng, lng vi phi Bt i Bin hnh, Bit cnh Hu Tham, Si, Ng kin, Mn tng tu. Dch nghi i cht hu ph thng By, Tm Ty duyn chp ng thuc Phi lng Tm i, Bin hnh, Hu Bit cnh Tham, Si, Ng, Mn thng theo nhau LC GII Trong ba cnh, thc ny ch duyn v "i cht cnh". Ba tnh, thc ny ch thuc v "Hu ph V k tnh". Cnh i cht ca thc ny l thng c thc th By v thc th Tm. Ngha l thc th By dng kin phn nng duyn ca mnh (Tc l Tm, trn nguyn vn bi tng ch Hn gi l Tnh) duyn qua kin phn ca thc th Tm (kin phn thc th Tm cng l Tm; song v b thc th By ly n lm "bn cht" duyn,

nn trn bi tng theo nguyn vn ch Hn go l "Bn", tc l "Bn cht" vy), ri bin li "Cnh i cht". V th nn trong Duy thc c cu: "D tm duyn tm chn i cht Trung gian tng phn lng u sanh" Nghi l thc th By dng kin phn ca tm mnh, duyn qua kin phn tm ca thc th Tm, nn chnh gia hai th c ny sanh ra mt tng phn l cnh "Chn i cht". Chng sanh ty vng nghip sanh trong Tam gii, th thc ny cng theo m chp ng. Trong ba lng, thc ny thuc v phi lng. V tm s th thc ny c 18 mn: 8 i ty, 5 mn Bin hnh v mt mn Hu trong 5 mn Bit cnh vi 4 mn cn bn phin no l Tham, Si, Mn v Ng kin. Bi tng th hai Hng thm t lng ng tng ty Hu tnh nht d trn hn m T hoc bt i tng ng khi Lc chuyn h vi "Nhim tnh y" Dch ngha Hng xt lo lng theo chp ng Hu tnh ngy m b m mui Bn hoc, tm i chung nhau khi Su thc gi l "Nhim tnh y" LC GII Thc th By thng suy xt so o chp kin phn ca thc th Tm lm ng. Trong Bt thc quy c tng Trang ch c ni: Thc th Tm, c hng m khng thm xt. Thc th By, va hng li va thm xt. Thc th Su, c thm xt m khng hng.

Nm thc trc, khng hng v khng thm. Cng v thc ny chp ng, nn chng hu tnh m mui trong sanh t m di m chng t bit. Thc ny tng ng vi bn mn cn bn phin no l: Si, Kin, Mn, i v 8 mn i tu. Su thc trc gi thc ny l "Nhim tnh y" (Lc thc h vi nhim tnh y) Bi tng th ba Cc h s tm, bnh ng tnh V cng dng hnh ng hng thi Nh Lai hin khi tha th dng Thp a B Tt s b ci (c) Dch ngha n S a, thnh "bnh ng tr" n V cng dng, hng ph Ng Nh Lai hin thn "Tha th dng" Gio ho hng Thp a B Tt. LC GII Hnh gi khi chng c Hoan h a, tc l S a, th thc ny chuyn li thnh "Bnh ng tnh tr". n bt ng a, tc l a th Tm, cng gi l "V cng dng hnh"; lc by gi hnh gi mi dp tr chng t ca ng chp. n khi chng qu Pht, thc ny chuyn thnh tr, hin ra thn "Tha th dng" gio ho hng Thp a B Tt. BI TH SU A LI DA THC (THC TH TM) Thc ny c rt nhiu tn, khi c n lun "A na thc" qi v s hiu r. Nay chng ti ch k s lc mt vi tn. 1. bt thc: Thc th tm. V theo th : mt l nhn thc, hai l nh thc, cho n thc th Tm l thc ny, nn gi l bt thc. 2. A li da thc: Tu dch l "Tng thc": Thc ny c cng nng cha ng chng t ca cc php. "Thc" l th, m "cha" l dng. Hip c th v dng, nn gi l "thc cha" (Tng thc). C 3 ngha:

a. Nng tng: Nng cha. Thc ny co cng nng cha ng v gn gi chng t (ht ging) ca cc php. b. S tng: B cha. Thc ny l ch cha cc php. c. Ng i chp tng, gi tt l "chp tng": Thc th By chp kin phn ca thc ny lm Ta v thng i luyn. KHI A V PHM PHU, THC NY I VI: 1. Ba cnh: Thc ny ch duyn v "V bn cht tnh cnh". 2. Ba lng: Thc ny ch c "hin lng" 3. ba tnh: Thc ny thuc v "V ph v k tnh". 4. Ba th: Thc ny ch c "X th". 5. Ba ci: Thc ny tu nghip lc dn sanh trong ba ci. 6. Chn a:Trong chn a u c thc ny. 7. Tm s: Thc ny ch tng ng vi 5 mn bin hnh; song trong 5 th th n ch c "X th". 8. Chn duyn: thc ny ch c 4 duyn: a. Cn (Mt ma), b. Cnh (Cn thn, th gii v chng t), c. Tc , d. Chng t. 9. Th (tnh): Vi vi khng cng (ho ho tam tng bt kh cng) 10. Tng: Thc ny nh vc su (uyn thm tht lnh cnh vi phong). 11. Nghip dng: Thc ny duy tr chng t cn thn, th gii v lm ch th cc php hun vo. KHI LN THNH V, THC NY I VI: 1. Qun hnh: (Khng c qun hnh). 2. on hoc v chuyn thnh tr: Khi ln "Bt ng a" (Bt a) th hnh gi on c cu sanh Ng chp; lc by gi thc ny b ci tn "Tng thc". n Kim Cang o ri, th hnh gi on ht cu sanh php chp, khng cn cm th sanh t, cho nn cng khng cn tn l "D thc thc"; v n a v ny th cc chng t hu lu ht. Lc by gi thc ny c gi l "V cu thc", v chuyn thnh i vin cnh tr.

3. Chng qu v diu dng: V thc ny thnh i vin cnh tr, nn chiu khp mi phng cc ci nc nhiu nh vi trn. Mun cho ngi hc d nh, nn trong Bt thc quy c, ngi Huyn Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng tm li cc ngha trn nh sau. Hai bi tng u ni thc ny khi cn a v phm phu, bi tng th ba, ni khi ln thnh qu. Bi tng th nht Tnh duy v ph ng Bin thnh Gii, a tu tha nghip lc sanh Nh thabt liu nhn m chp Do th nng hng Lun ch tranh Dch ngha V ph tnh v nm Bin thnh Ba ci, chn a tu nghip sanh Nh tha khng r sanh m chp Bi th nn chi Lun ch tranh (ci) LC GII Trong ba tnh, thc ny thuc v "V ph v k tnh". Trong 51 mn tm s thc ny ch tng ng vi 5 mn Bin hnh, song trong 5 th th n ch c X th. Tu theonghip lc ko dn, m thc ny sanh trong ba ci v chn a. Hng Nh tha khng hiu, chp thc ny khng c. Bi th nn Lun ch dn rt nhiu bng chng trong cc Kinh Lun tranh lun, ch r v quyt nh phi c thc th Tm ny. *** Bi tng th hai Ho ho tam tng bt kh cng Uyn thm tht lng cnh vi phong Th hun tr chng cn thn kh Kh hu lai tin tc chng ng

Dch ngha Chi vi ba tng khng cng tt Vc su, by sng, cnh lm gi Chu hun, tr chng v thn cnh n trc i sau lm ch ng LC GII Ba tng l Nng tng, S tng v Ng i chp tng. Bi thc ny c cng nng duy tr cc chng t, nn gi l "Nng tng". V thc ny l ch chu cho cc php hin hnh hun vo, nn gi l "S tng". Thc th By chp kin phn ca thc ny lm Ng, nn gi l "Ng i chp tng". Th v dng ca thc ny su rng v cng; hng phm phu v Nh tha khng th thu tt. Chng hu tnh t v th n nay, cng do thc ny m sanh t tng tc khng cng tt, nn trong bi tng ni: "Vi vi ba tng khng cng tt". Bin tng thc rt l su rng, gi bn duyn (cn, cnh, chng t v tc ) mt phen thi vo, th sng by thc nhp nh ni dy. Thc ny c cng nng duy tr chng t, cn thn, th gii v chu cho cc php hin hnh hun vo. Thc ny lm ng Ch; v khi chng hu tnh cht th n i sau, cn khi u sanh thi n li n trc. C nhn c lm bi k, t trng thi ngi cht, trong lc thn thc sp ri thn xc, c th kinh nghim bit ngi cht ri c thng ln hay a xung. Chnh vn nh Thnh, nhn sanh Thin Nhn tm, Ng qu phc Bn sanh tt ci ly a ngc khc tm xut Dch ngha

Thnh u, Tri ti mt Ngi tim, Ng qu bng Sc sanh hai chn xung a ngc bn chn ra Bi tng th ba Bt ng a tin ti x tng Kim Cang o hu D thc khng i vin v cu ng thi pht Ph chiu thp phng trn st trung Dch ngha n bt a b tn "Tng" Chng Kim Cang o, khng "D thc" Gng tr khng nh ng thi pht Khp chiu mi phng v s ci. LC GII Hnh gi khi ti Bt ng a, tc l Bt a tr ln, th thc ny mi x ci tn "Tng thc" m ch cn gi l "D thc thc". Khi n v ng gic, c Kim Cang o, th thc ny khng cn gi tn l "D thc" na. V lc by gi, cc chng t hu lu cu nhim ht, nn thc ny c i tn l "V cu thc"; ch cn thun chng t v lu thanh tnh, nn cng c gi l "Bch tnh thc". n Kim Cang o, th thc ny c gi l "V cu" v chuyn thnh i vin cnh tr, nn trong bi tng ni: "i vin (tr) v cu (thc) ng thi pht" tr i vin ny chiu khp c mi phng th gii nhiu nh s ct sng Hng; v hin ra Bo thn Pht v Ho thn Pht thot chng sanh tt n i v lai. Tm li, thc th Tm ny v tri qua 3 giai on, nn c 3 tn khc nhau:

1. t phm phu cho n mn Tht a, th gi thc ny l Tng thc (A li da) hay "D thc thc". 2. t Bt a n ng gic, th khng cn gi l "Tng thc" na m ch gi l "D thc thc". 3. n qu v Pht, th tn "D thc" cng khng cn, m ch gi l "V cu thc" hay "Bch tnh thc". *** Mun cho ngi hc d nh hnh tng v cng nng ca 8 thc tm vng nn c nhn c lm bi th rng: Bt c huynh, nht c si c hu nht c ti sinh ly Ng c mn tin t mi mi Nht c gia trung tc ch y. Dch ngha Anh em tm ch mt chng si (thc th By) duy c thc rt linh ly (khn ngoan) nm ngi ngoi ca lo bun bn (nm thc trc) lm ch trong nh bt y (thc th Tm) BI TH BY II. TM S (C 51 MN) "Tm s hu php" gi tt l "Tm s", ngha l php s hu ca Tm vng. Tm s tu theo Tm vng m khi v gip Tm Vng to nghip (D th tng ng c) tm s c 51 mn, chia lm 6 loi: A. TM S BIN THNH (C 5 mn) Ch "Bin thnh" ngha l i khp. Nm mn Tm s ny i khp 4 ch: 1. Tt c thi gian (qu kh, hin ti v v lai), 2. Tt c ch (khng gian: Ba ci, chn a), 3. Tt c cc thc (Tm thc Tm Vng), 4. Tt c tnh (tnh lnh, d v tnh khng lnh d). 1. Xc: Tip xc, gp g. Tnh ca Tm s ny, hay lm cho Tm Vng hoc Tm s tip xc vi cnh. Nghip dng ca n lm ch nng cho Th, Tng, T, ... pht sanh.

2. Tc : Mong khi tri . Tnh ca Tm s ny hay nh thc chng t ca Tm vng, Tm s khin cho sanh khi. Nghip dng ca n dn tm n duyn t cnh. 3. Th: Lnh th. Tnh ca Tm s ny hay lnh th nhng cnh thun, nghch v cnh khng thun nghch. Nghip dng ca n l mong mun. Nh gp cnh thun th mun hip, gp cnh nghch th mun la v mun cnh khng thun nghch. Ni li cho d hiu l th cnh vui, bun v cnh bnh thng. 4. Tng: Nh tng. Tnh ca Tm s ny hay tng hnh tng ca cnh vt. Nghip dng ca n l ba t ra nhng danh t ku gi. Nh tng hnh tng trng, mng v vung, ri tu theo m t ra ci tn l "t giy". 5. T: lo ngh. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm lo ngh to tc. Nghip dng ca n l sai tm ln nhng vic lnh, d hoc khng phi lnh d. B. TM S BIT CNH (C 5 mn): Ch "Bit cnh" l mi cnh ring khc. Nm mn Tm s ny, mi mn duyn mi cnh ring khc. 1. Dc: Mong mun. Tnh ca Tm s ny l hng mong mun duyn nhng cnh vui thch. Nghip dng ca n lm ch nng cho "sing nng". 2. Thng gii: Hiu bit r rng. Tnh ca Tm s ny, hiu bit r rng khng c nghi ng. Nghip dng ca n l quyt nh khng chuyn i. 3. Nim:Nh. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm ghi nh r rng nhng cnh qua. Nghip dng ca n, lm ch nng cho nh. 4. nh: Chuyn ch. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm khi i vi cnh, chuyn ch khng tn lon. Nghip dng ca n lm ch nng cho Tr; v khi i vi cnh, tm chuyn ch khng tn lon, nn sanh ra Tr. 5. Hu: Sng t. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i vi cnh sng sut la chn. Nghip dng ca n, dt nghi ng. Trong khi i vi cnh, v c Hu suy xt, nn quyt nh khng cn nghi ng. C. TM S THIN (C 11 mn) Ch "Thin" l hin lnh. Bn tnh ca 11 Tm s ny, hin lnh v lm li ch cho chng sanh. 1. Tn: Tin. Tnh ca Tm s ny, tin chu nhng g c tht (chn tht), c (hnh dung), Nng (nghip dng) v lm cho Tm c thanh tnh. Nghip dng ca n: i tr Bt tn v a vic lnh.

2. Tinh tn: Tinh chuyn v tn ti. Tnh ca Tm s ny, sing nng on cc vic d, lm cc vic lnh. Nghip dng ca n i tr gii i v lm vin mn vic lnh. 3. Tm: T xu h. Tnh ca Tm s ny, mi khi lm iu g quy, t mnh xu h; knh trng ngi hin v a vic phi. Ngip dng ca n: i tr "tm khng bit xu h" v ngn nga vic d. 4. Qu: Thn vi ngi. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi mnh lm iu g quy, thy ngi thn tha; khng chu gn ngi c, chng lm vic d. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "tm khng bit thn" v ngn lm vic c. 5. V tham: khng tham lam. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khng tham lam, cnh dc lc trong tam gii. Nghip dng ca n: i tr lng "tham" v a lm vic lnh. 6. V sn: Khng sn hn. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i vi cnh tri nghch, khng nng gin. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "sn hn" v a lm vic lnh. 7. V si: Khng si m. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i vi s l, hiu bit rnh r khng m m. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "si m" v a lm vic lnh. 8. Khinh an: Nh nhng, th thi. Tnh ca Tm s ny, lm cho thn tm nh nhng khoan khoi, xa la nhng g nng n bc bi. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "Hn trm". 9. Bt phng dt:Khng bung lung, phng tng. Tnh ca Tm s ny l phng nga vic c, lm vic lnh v khng phng tng. Nghip dng ca n: lm vin mn vic lnh th gian, xut th gian v i tr "Bung lung". 10. Hnh x: Lm ri khng chp trc. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi lm cc vic phc thin, khng chp trc, khin tm an tr ni v cng dng. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "Tro c" v lm cho tm an tr ni yn tnh. 11. Bt hi: Khng lm tn hi. Tnh ca Tm s ny khng lm tn hi tt c chng hu tnh. Nghip dng ca n: T bi thng xt loi vt v i tr "Tn hi". D.CN BN PHIN NO (C 6 mn) Su mn phin no ny thuc v c. N lm ci gc sanh ra cc phin no chi mc, nn gi l "Cn bn". 1. Tham: Tham lam. Tnh ca Tm s ny tham lam m nhim nhng g n a thch; nh ti sc, danh vng,...Nghip dng ca n: lm chng ngi "V tham" v sanh ti kh. 2. Sn: Ni nng. Tnh ca Tm s ny, gin ght nhng cnh tri nghch. Nghip dng ca n: lm cho thn tm khng yn n, chng ngi tnh "V sn" v sanh cc ti li.

3. Si: Ngu si, hoc gi l "V minh" (khng sng sut). Tnh ca Tm s ny l m mui, khng bit hay d,phi quy. Nghip dng ca n sanh ra cc php tp nhim v chng ngi tnh "V si". Ba mn phin no tm s (Tham, Sn, Si) ny, lm chng ngi ba mn V lu l Gii, nh v Hu. 4.Mn: Khinh mn. Tnh ca Tm s ny, ti nng hoc th lc ca mnh, khinh d ngo mn ngi. Nghip dng ca n lm nhn sanh ra ti li v chng ngi tnh "khng khinh mn". 5. Nghi: Nghi ng, do d. Tnh ca Tm s ny, nghi ng khng tin nhng vic phi, chn chnh. Nghip dng ca n lm tr ngi vic lnh v chng ngi tnh "khng nghi". 6.c kin: Thy bit thuc v ti c, nhim . Tnh ca Tm s ny, hiu bit in o, khng ng chnh l. Nghip dng ca n gy to ti kh v chng ngi nhng hiu bit chn chnh. c kin ny c 5 mn: 1. Thn kin: Chp Ta (Ng). 2. Bin kin: Chp mt bn, hoc chp Ta cht ri mt hn (chp on), hoc chp Ta cht ri cn hoi (chp thng). 3. T kin: Chp t, m tn, d oan. 4. Kin th: Chp cng ch hiu bit ca mnh l ng, mc d c ngi bit sai, ch bo li cng khng nghe. 5. Gii cm th: Chp gi theo nhng gii cm khng chn chnh ca ngoi o. Ni rng ra l chp theo nhng tc l khng hay. BI TH TM E. TU PHIN NO (C 20 mn) Hai mi mn phin no ny, l tu thuc 6 mn Cn bn phin no trn m sanh khi. V phm vi tng ng ca n c rng v hp khng ng, nn chia lm ba loi: I. TIU TU, c 10 mn, mi mn t lc sanh khi, phm vi tng ng nh hp, nn gi l "Tiu". 1. Phn: Gin. Tnh ca tm s ny, khi gp cnh tri nghch, nng gin. Nghip dng ca n l hay lm tn hi ngi, vt v chng ngi tnh khng nng gin.

2. Hn: Hn. Khi gp cnh nghch, trc nng gin ri sau mi hn. Tnh ca Tm s ny l m p s on ght khng b. Nghip dng ca n l nng ny, bun phin v hay lm chng ngi tnh khng hn. 3. Ph: Che giu. Tnh ca tm s ny, v s mt danh gi v ti li, nn che giu ti li ca mnh. Nghip dng ca n l hay n nn, bun v chng ngitnh khng che giu. 4. No: Bun bun. Khi gp cnh nghch, trc gin hn ri sau mi bun. Tnh ca Tm s ny hay nh li nhng cnh tri nghch qua, ri sanh bun phin. Nghip dng ca n l chng ngi tnh khng bun. 5. Tt: tt , ganh ght. Tnh ca tm s ny hay ganh ght k nhng g m ngi ta hn mnh. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi tnh khng tt v su kh lo bun. 6. Xan: Bn xn. Tnh ca tm s ny, bn xn, rch rm, khng chu ban b tin ti hay gio php cho ngi. Nghip dng ca n l lm b qu ma, n mt ngho cc, tch tr ti sn v lm chng ngi khng bn xn. 7. Cung: Di. Tnh ca tm s ny, di gt ngi li mnh. Nghip dng ca n l lm vic khng chn chnh nui sng v chng ngi tnh khng di gt. 8. Sim: B , nnh ht. Tnh ca tm s ny, la thi th nnh ht, b ngi. Nghip dng ca n l khng nghe li ch gio chn chnh ca thy, bn v lm chng ngi tnh khng dua nnh. 9. Hi: Tn hi. Tnh ca tm s ny lm tn hi cc loi hu tnh. Nghip dng ca n l lm bc no ngi, vt v chng ngi tnh khng tn hi. 10. Kiu: Kiu cng. Tnh ca tm s ny, v thy mnh giu sang, quyn tc hoc ti nng, ri sanh ra kiu cch v ngo ngh. Nghip dng ca n l lm nhn sanh ra nhim , ti li v chng ngi tnh khng kiu cng. II. TRUNG TU, c hia mn l V tm v V qu; v hai mn Tm s ny, duyn cc Tm s bt thin, phm vi tng ng ca n trung bnh, nn gi l "trung tu". 11. V tm: T mnh khng bit, xu h. Tnh ca tm s ny, khi lm vic quy khng bit t h, khinh d nhng ngi hin thin. Nghip dng ca n l lm tng trng vic c v chng ngi tnh bit xu h. 12. V qu: Khng bit thn vi ngi. Tnh v tm s ny, khi lm vic quy, khng bit thn vi ngi, a lm vic ti c. Nghi dng ca n l lm tng trng vic c v chng ngi tnh bit thn. III. I TY, c 8 mn sau y. Tm mn Tm s ny bin khp cc Tm s bt thin, phm vi ca n rng hn hai mn Trung tu trc, nn gi l "i tu".

13. Trao c: Lao chao. Tnh ca Tm s ny lm cho thn tm chao ng khng yn tnh. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi nh v Hnh x. 14. Hn trn: M ti trm trng. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm khi i vi qun cnh m mt khng sng sut. Nghip dng ca n l lm hng ngi Hu v khinh an. 15. Bt tn: Khng tin. Tnh ca Tm s ny l khng tin cc php lnh, lm cho tm tnh nhim. Nghip dng ca n hay sanh gii i v chng ngi tm thanh tnh. 16. Gii i: Bing nhc tr ni, Tnh ca Tm s ny l bing nhc, khng lo on c v tu thin. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi tinh tn v tng trng tnh nhim . 17. Phng dt: Bung lung. Tnh ca Tm s ny phng tng, bung lung, khng thc lim thn tm on c tu thin. Nghip dng ca n l lm tng c tn thin, v chng ngi tnh khng bung lung. 18. Tht nim: Mt chnh nim. Tnh ca Tm s ny khng nh cnh duyn. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi chnh nim v sanh tn lon. 19. Tn lon: Ri lon. Tnh ca Tm s ny lm cho tm ri lon. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi chnh nh v sanh ra c hu. 20. Bt chnh tri: Bit khng chn chnh. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i vi cnh, hiu bit sai lm. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi ci hiu bit chn chnh v sanh ra phm gii. Hi:_ Ba mn Tm s: Tro c, Tn lon v phng dt khc nhau th no? p:_ Tro c l lao chao; d nh con nga ng mt ch trong chung, nhng u v mnh vn lc qua lc li khng yn._Tn lon l ri lon; d nh con nga chy lng xng trong chung._Phng dt l bung lung; d nh con nga thot ra khi chung, tun vo la m ca ngi. Hi:_ Bn mn Tm s: Sn, phn, Hn v No, Hnh tng khc nhau th no? p:_ Sn l ni nng, d nh la rm. Phn l gin, d nh la ci. Hn l hn; d nh la than. No l bun, d nh tro nng. Hi:_ Sing nng lm vic quy, c phi l Tinh tn Tm s khng? p:_ Khng phi. Sing nng lm vic quy l phng dt Tm s. BI TH CHN G. BT NH TM S (C 4 mn) Bn mn Tm s ny khng nht nh thin hay c, nn gi l "Bt nh".

1. Hi: n nn. Ch khc gi l " tc": ght vic lm qua; cng l d danh ca "Hi". Tnh ca Tm s ny, n nn vic lm qua. Nghip dng ca n lm chng ngi nh. An nn c khi thin m cng c lc li c. Nh n nn: Va ri mnh sn si nh p ngi tht by qu, nh th l thin. An nn: Va ri sao mnh khng trm ly vt ca ngi, nh th l c. 2. Min: Ng. Tnh ca Tm s nylm cho tm m mt, thn khng t ti. Nghip dng ca n lm chng ngi qun tng. Ng cng c khi thim m cng c khi c: Ng phi thi l thin, cn ng trong khi nghe kinh hay nim Pht l c. 3. Tm: Tm cu. Tm s ny thin c khng nht nh, ch tu theo trng hp. Tnh ca n lm cho tm i vi cnh danh ngn ca thc ( ngn cnh) sanh khi th ng. Nghip dng ca n l lm cho thn tm chng yn. 4. T: Chnh chn xt Tm s ny cng c thin v c, tu theo trng hp. Tnh ca n lm cho tm i vi cnh danh ngn ca thc, sanh khi t nh. Nghip dng ca n lm cho thn tm c yn. Tm li, tt c chng sanh hng ngy to nghip lnh hay d, chu qu bo kh hay vui, khng vt ra ngoi phm vi ca 8 mn Tam Vng v 51 mn Tm s ny. *** III. SC PHP (C 11 mn) sc php l thuc v sc (nhng ci thuc v sc). Sc c hai loi: 1. Hnh sc, nh di, ngn, vung,trn, ...2. Mu sc, nh xanh, , trng, vng, ... sc c 11 mn l 5 cn: Nhn cn, Nh cn, T cn, Thit cn, Thn cn v 6 trn: Sc trn, Thinh trn, Hng trn, V trn, Xc trn, v php trn. Sc php l tng phn nh tng ca Tm Vng v Tm s (nh s hin nh c). 1. Nhn cn: Con mt. Ch "Cn" c ngha l lm ch nng cho thc v pht sanh ra thc. Nm cn, cn no cng c hai th: 1. Tinh t v bn trong, gi l "Thng ngha cn", 2. Th ph, bn ngoi, gi l "Ph trn cn". Hnh tng ca con mt nh tri nho. Nghip dng ca n chiu soi cc sc. 2. Nh cn: L tai. Hnh tng ca tai nh l sen non. Nghip dng ca n hay nghe cc ting.

3. Ty cn: L mi. Hnh tng ca l mi nh hai ngn tay xui xung. Nghip dng ca n hay ngi cc mi thm v hi. 4. Thit cn: Ci li. Hnh tng ca li nh trng li lim. Nghip dng ca n nm cc v v ni nng ku gi. 5. Thn cn: Thn th. Ch "thn" c hai ngha: Tch t cc b phn v lm ch nng cho cc cn. Nghip dng ca n l duyn xc trn. Nh nng, nh, trn, nhm, ... 6. Sc trn: cnh b thy ca con mt. Ch "trn" c ngha nhim v bi bm. Sc trn c 25 mn: 1. Xanh, 2. Vng, 3. , 4. Trng, 5. Di, 6. Ngn, 7. Vung, 8. Trn, 9. To, 10. Nh, 11. Cao, 12. Thp, 13. Ngay, 14. Xin, 15. nh sng, 16. Bng, 17. Sng, 18. Ti, 19. Khi, 20. Bi, 21. My, 22. M, 23. Cc lc sc (sc rt nh) v cc hnh sc (sc rt xa), 24. Biu sc (sc, c nu ra c), 25. Sc h khng. 7. Thinh trn: Ting, cnh b nghe ca tai. C 12 loi ting: 1. Ting: ci tng b nghe ca tai (ni chung cc ting), 2. Ting va , 3. Ting khng va , 4. Ting bnh thng (khng a ght), 5. Ting loi hu tnh (ting ni), 6. Ting loi v tnh (ting cy, ...), 7. Ting thuc c hu tnh v v tnh (nh ting trng do tay ngi ta nh), 8. Ting thuc v th tc ni, 9. Ting thuc v ca Thnh gi, 10. Ting ca ngoi o ni (do Bin k s chp), 11. Ting ni chnh (Thnh ngn)(nh tht c thy, nghe, hay, bit th ni c thy nghe, hay v bit; khng thy nghe, hay, bit th ni khng thy, nghe, hay, bit, nh th gi l 8 li ni chnh), 12. Ting vang. 8. Hng trn: Mi, cnh b ngi ca mi. C 6 th mi: 1. Mi thm, 2. Mi hi, 3. Mi khng thm hi, 4. Mi t bn cht sanh (cu sanh hng), 5. Mi do ch to m c (ho hip hng), 6. Mi do s bin i m sanh. 9. V trn:V, cnh b nm ca li. C 12 th v: 1. V ng, 2. V chua, 3. V ngt, 4. V cay, 5. V mn, 6. Vlt, 7. V va , 8. V khng va , 9. V bnh thng, 10. V t bn cht sanh, 11. V do ho hip ch to m c, 12. V do bin i ma sanh. 10. Xc trn: Xc, cnh b bit ca thn. Xc trn c 24 mn: 1. t, 2. Nc, 3. Gi, 4. La, 5. Nh, 6. Nng, 7. Nhm, 8. Trn, 9. Hn, 10. Gp, 11. Lnh, 12. Nng, 13. Cng, 14. Mm, 15. i, 16. Kht, 17. No, 18. Sc lc, 19. Yu, 20. Bun, 21. Nga, 22. Dnh, 23. Gi, 24. Bnh, 25. Cht, 26. m. 11. Php trn: Ci bng dng ca nm trn cn lu lai trong thic. Ngha l khi mt khng cn thy sc, tai khng cn nghe ting, cho n thn khng cn bit xc, m trong thc vn nh li bng dng ca 5 trn; ci bng dng ls php trn. Trong Duy thc gi l "lc t nh t" (ci bng rt li). y l cnh b bit ca thc. Php trn c 5 loi: 1. Cc lc sc: Sc rt nh nh vi trn. 2. Cc hnh sc: Sc rt xa, nh thy tm tm m m.

3. nh qu sc: Nhng sc tng do tu nh hin ra. Nh cc v B Tt, khi nhp nh hin ra nc, la, th gii, ... 4. V biu sc: Sc khng nu by ra c; nh khi th gii, thc lnh th m c, nn cng gi l "th s dn sc" (sc do th gii dn sanh). 5. Bin k s chp sc: Sc do thc vng tng phn bit sanh, chng tht. BI TH MI IV. TM BT TNG NG HNH PHP (C 24 mn) Tm bt tng ng hnh php, gi tt l "Bt tng ng hnh". Ch "Hnh php" l nhng php thuc v "Hnh un". Hnh un l mt trong nm un. Ch "Hnh" l sanh dit di i; ch "Un" l cha nhm. Hnh un c 2 loi: 1. Tng ng hnh un, tc l cc tm s (51 mn). Ch "Tng ng" l ng thun vi Tm Vng. 2. Bt Tng ng hnh un, tc l 24 mn "Bt tng ng hnh" sau y; 24 mn ny khng tng ng vi tm, chng ch y ba phn: Tm Vng, tm s v sc php m gi thnh lp.(Tam, phn v sai bit c). 1. c: c, tri vi mt. Th nh "Ti c ng xu", c nhin phi c ng xu l "sc php", v nhn thc thy, thc phn bit l tm php, cng vi cc tm s chung khil tm s php; phi c ba phn nh th, mi thnh ngha "c". 2. Mng cn: Thn mng. Do nghip i trc ko dn, lm cho thn thc th thn, sng trong mt thi gian hoc lu hay mau, gi l "mng cn". 3. Chng ng phn:Cng nh ch "ng loi". Cc loi chng sanh hoc hu tnh hay v tnh, loi no ng vi loi ny. Nh loi ngi ng vi ngi; loi vt ng vi vt. 4. Di sanh tnh: Nhng loi sanh ra khc vi Thnh nhn, tc l phm phu;ch khc gi "Phi c": Chng phm phu khng c Thnh qu. Bi th nn gi "Di sanh tnh" hay "phi c" u c c. 5. V tng nh: nh ny dit ht cc tm vng v tm s ca 6 thc trc. Song y ch gi "V tng" l v "tng" lm ch ng vy. 6. Dit tn nh: nh ny khng nhng dit ht cc tm vng v tm s ca 6 thc trc, m dit lun c phn tp nhim ca tm vng tm s v thc th By. V tng nh l nh ca phm phu; cn Dit tn nh l nh ca Thnh nhn.

7. V tng bo: Ngi ci Dc tu V tng nh, sau khi mng chung, ng bo thn ci tri V tng. 8. Danh thn: Tn hay danh t. C danh t n v danh t kp. 9. C thn: Cu. Do rp nhiu ting thnh cu; cu c ngn v di. 10. Vn thn: Ch. Ch l ch y ch ca danh t v cu. 11. Sanh: Sanh ra. Ngha l t hi no n gi khng c, nay mi c. 12. Tr: . Nhng vt sanh ra ri, cn lu li trong mt thi gian , cha dit. 13. Lo: Gi, suy yu gn cht. 14. V thng: Khng thng, bit danh ca cht. 15. Lu chuyn: Xoay vn, nhn qu trc sau ni nhau khng dt. 16. nh v: Nhn qu lnh, d kkhc nhau, khng ln lo. 17. Tng ng: ng thun vi nhau. Nh nhn no qu ny, cn xng vi nhau. (Hi: C 24 mn, u gi l "Bt tng ng hnh" ti sao mn th 17 ny li gi l "Tng ng"?_p: Ni "Bt tng ng" l phn bit 24 mn ny, khng phi l tng ng tm s.cn v mn th 17 ny m gi l "Tng ng", l do Sc, Tm v Tm s ho hp m ni, nn khng ng vi "Tng ng tm s" trc). 18. Th tc:Cc php hu vi xoay vn mau l nh chong chng. 19. Th :Th lp, trt t khng c ln lo. 20. Thi: Thi gian: qu kh, hin ti v v lai. 21. Phng: Khng gian: ng, ty, Nam, Bc, t duy, thng h. 22. S: S lng. Nh: mt, hai, ba, bn cho n trm, ngn .. 23. Ho hp tnh: Cc duyn ho hp khng c tri nhau. 24. Bt ho hp tnh: Nhng php chng tri, khng ho hp vi nhau. Ni tm li, t trc n y k 94 php: 8 mn Tm vng, 51 mn Tm s, 11 mn Sc php, 24 mn Bt tng ng hnh, u thuc v php hu vi c sanh dit bin i. Su php sau y thuc v v vi.

Ch "hu vi" l nhng g c to tc, c sanh dit, khng thng cn. "V vi" l nhng g khng to tc, khng sanh dit, khng tng gim, vng lng thng cn. *** V. V VI PHP (C 6 MN) Php V vi khng sanh dit, khng bin i, khng phi nh cc php hu vi l Tm vng, Tm s, Sc php, Bt tng ng hnh c sanh dit bin i. Do cc php hu vi (94 mn) dit ri, th php v vi mi hin by (T, s hin th c). Tht ra, v vi khng phi c 6 php, song v theo tng kha cnh ca n gii thch, nn t ra 6 tn. 1. H khng v vi: Chn nh hay Php tnh, khng th dng thc suy ngh hay li ni lun bn c. N phi sc, phi tm, khng sanh dit, khng cu tnh, khng tng gim nn gi l "V vi". Bi n khng ng, khng php, ri cc cu nhim, rng rang nh h khng, nn gi l "H khng v vi".y l theo th d m t tn. 2. Trch dit v vi:Do dng tr hu V lu, la chn dit tr ht cc nhim , nn chn nh v vi mi hin. V th nn gi l "Trch dit v vi". 3. phi trch dit v vi:V vi khng cn la chn dit tr cc phin no. C hai ngha: a) Tnh chn nh vn thanh tnh, khng phi do la chn dit tr cc phin no nhim mi c, nn gi l "Phi trch dit". b) Cc php hu vi tp nhim, v thiu duyn khng sanh khi, nn php v vi c hin. Bi th nn gi "Phi trch dit". 4. Bt ng dit v vi: t thin la c ba nh di, ra khi tam tai (ao binh tai, ha tai, thu tai) khng cn b mng, gin, thng, ght ...lm chao ng ni tm, nn gi l "Bt ng dit". 5. Th tng dit v vi: Khi c Dit tn nh, dit tr ht "th" v "tng" tm s nn gi l "Th tng dit v vi". 6. Chn nh v vi: Khng phi Vng, gi l Chn (khng bin k s chp); khng phi in o gi l Nh (khng y tha khi), tc l tht tnh ca cc php (Vin thnh tht). Trong lun i tha trm php ny, ngoi nhn hi hai cu: Tt c php l g?

Th no l khng tht (v ng)? T trc n y, Lun ch lc ni 100 php, tr li cu hi th nht ri, sau y tr li v cu hi th hai. PHN TH HAI NI "KHNG THT" (V NG) Chnh vn Ni "khng tht" (v ng), tm c 2 loi: Nhn (ngi ) khng tht. Php (vt) khng tht. Ngi i chp tt c cc php tht c, tc l chp Ng (Tht). Chp Tht (Ng) c hai: 1. Nhn (ngi) tht. 2. Php (vt) tht. Chp thn ny tht c, gi l Nhn tht. Chp ni sng tt c cc cnh vt bn ngai tht c, gi l Php tht. Do chp tht c (ng) nn sanh ra tham, sn, si ri to ra cc nghip, sanh t lun hi trong lc o. Bi th nn Pht ni: "Tt c Php khng tht". Ni "Tt c php" tc l bao trm c loi hu tnh v v tnh. Loi hu tnh khng tht c l "Nhn khng tht". Loi v tnh nh hon cnh, s vt khng tht c, l "Php khng tht". KT LUN T trc n y, lc ni 100 php th bao trm Nhn v Php. Phm phu chp c Nhn v Php u tht c. Tiu tha ch chp Php l tht c. Trong lun ny ni: 8 mn Tm vng l t th ca thc v hn tt c (nht th ti thng c). 51 mn tm s l phn s hu v tng ng ca thc (d th tng ng c). 11 mn sc php l phn hnh bng, do Tm vng v Tm s hin ra (nh s hin nh c). 24 mn Bt tng ng hnh l do ba phn: tm vng, tm s v sc php, phn chia ngi th sai khc m gi lp (tam, phn v sai bit c). 6 mn v vi l do 4 mn hu vi trn (tm vng, tm s, sc php v bt tng ng hnh) dit ht m hin by ra, tc l tht tnh ca thc (t, s hin th c).

Bi th nn bit: Ngi i chp "Nhn tht c" v "Php tht c" u khng ngoi thc. Do m c Th Tn ni: "Tt c Php khng khng tht" (V ng). V "Mun Php Duy thc". Vit xong li Pht Hc ng Nam Vit Rm thng 6 nm K Hi (1959)

DUY THC HC TP I DUY THC PHNG TIN M QUYN THNG

Tc gi: NG I VIN Dch gi: THCH THIN HOA

LI CA DCH GI Cc Kinh sch trong o Pht c chia lm mi tn, m Duy Thc Tn l mt. Duy Thc Tn l mt mn hc phn tch v hnh tng ca tm l, hay nht m cng l kh nht. Kh v rt nhiu danh t l v phn tch hnh tng ca tm l rt tinh t, hn na n ni ln nhng vic m chng ta cha quen nghe n. Ngoi ra n cn kh v vn chng khc chit, li l qu tt gn, c nhng cu khng bit bao nhiu ngha. V vy m ngi hc kh thm nhp, xa nay cc nh nghin cu ai cng lc u! V mn Duy Thc ny, chng ti dch ra y, khng phi v c gi, m dnh ring cho nhng hng hc gi. Ngha l: phi ngi c tm nghin cu tm hc mi hiu c mn ny, ch nh ngi ch c sung qua th kh m lnh hi. Cc sch v v Duy thc rt nhiu, mun d dng cho hc gi, c nhin trc ht phi t ca ng ri mi vo nh; t ni phng tin mi n ch chn tht. Nh li C nhn dy: Mun i xa phi do ni gn, mun ln cao phi t ni thp. V th, nn trc ht chng ti dch quyn Duy thc Phng Tin m ca ng ng i Vin, l mt nh hc gi Trung Hoa nhiu nm nghin cu uyn thm v Pht php. Ong c bin ra nhiu loi sch v Duy thc, m Duy thc Phng Tin m l mt quyn sch rt d hiu cho ngi mi hc. V vn chng bnh d, li trnh by c lp lang v khoa hc, li dng nhng t d thng thng rt i chng.

Song chng ta cng nn nh: Duy thc hc l mt mn hc rt kh. Ong ng i Vin v mun cho ngi d hiu, nn mi phng tin trnh by. ni phng tin th chng ta khng nn chp l chn tht. Chng ti dch loi Duy thc ny v mun cho ngi d hiu, nn khng hon tan dch st theo vn ch Hn-ngha l c on chng ti dch ng theo vn, m cng c on dch theo , ct yu lm sao cho xui thun theo vn ch Vit, ngi c c d hiu m thi. C ch chng ti thm vo cho r ngha, m cng c on chng ti phi ta bt i cho gn, xin c gi ch chp theo nguyn bn m bnh phm s phin dch ca chng ti. Mong ch c gi cng chng ti ng hiu Duy Thc Tng, ng nhp Duy Thc Tnh, ng hu ci hon t tm, ci hon hon cnh, chuyn Bt thc thnh T tr, tr thnh cnh gii ca bc i gic. Pht Hc ng Nam Vit Ngy K nim Pht A Di (1955) Dch gi: THCH THIN HOA

LI NGUYN T Sau khi Pht dit khong chm trm nm, c ngi V Trc i s ra i ti Trung An , to ra b Nhip i Tha lunv.vdng ngha l Duy thc xin dng gio php i tha. Em ca ngi tn l Th Thn, li lm li thch lun (gii thch li cc lun ca Ngi) v sng tc Duy thc Nh Thp Tng cng Duy Thc Tam Thp Tngv.vT y Duy thc hc mi c c bit lp ring thnh mt tn. Tip theo sau c mi v i lun s, trc sau tip tc gii thch b Duy thc Tam Thp Tng ca Ngi Th Thn, ph t gio, dng lp chnh l. Duy c b ca ngi H Php gii thch, th hon b hn c. T y v sau mn hc Duy thc rt hon thnh. n i ng, nin hiu Trinh Qun nm th ba, c ngi Huyn Trang Php s lu hc ti An , th gio vi T Huyn Gim, rt tinh thng v mn Duy thc hc ny. Sau khi tr v Trung Hoa, ngi Huyn Trang lm lt nhng tinh ba, yu ngha, ca mi v i lun s, thch gii b Duy thc Tam Thp Tng, chung lm mt b, li dch vn Phn ra vn Hn, ly danh l Thnh Duy Thc lun (10 quyn).

 t ln ca ngi Huyn Trang l ngi Khuy C Php s li lm b Thnh Duy thc lun thut k, gii rng li nhng ngha trong b Thnh Duy thc (ca Ngi Huyn Trang). n sau c ngi Hu Chiu v Tr Chu ln lt ni nhau pht huy mn hc ny, ny. Song t y v sau, li dn dn suy i ch thm! Cho n rt i nh Nguyn, th cc sch v Duy thc b tn lc mt ht, nn v mn hc ny phi mt tch bt tm! n khi ng bin t Trung Hoa qua Nht c lu thng tr li, th ngi ta mi tm thnh cc loi sch v Duy thc hc Nht Bn em v, t vic nghin cu Duy thc tr li nghin cu rt thnh hnh, cho n mun hn c i L ng. Nhng him v vn ngha ca Duy thc rt kh, ngi s hc khng bit do u hi han b bn; k thc gi thy th rt thng tm! sng Tng chng ta, c ng ng i Vin c s, ngi nhiu nm dy cng nghin cu v mn hc ny, nhn cm thng ci tnh t y, nn mi vit ra quyn Duy thc Phng Tin m v giao cho C S Lm xut bn lu thng. Ong Chng Tnh c s em a cho ti xem v cy ti vit bi ta. Ti c qua, rt mng! V thy li l r rng, li lp ngn hay kho, ng lm mt quyn sch qu cjo ngi mi vo ca Duy thc. Nhn y, ti vit i li tha vi cc bn hu ch. Thng Hi, ngy 27-10 Dn quc nm th 13 C s TCH QUANG

LI TA CA NG PHM C NNG KHI IN LI QUYN DUY THC PHNG TIN M C ngi khch n hi ti: Trong Pht hc ca ng thng nu hai cu quan trng l: Ba ci Duy Tm, mun php Duy thc (1).. Ring ti hiu hai cu ny, so theo nh Khoa hc th ni l Ci tc dng ca tm l. Chng bit c ng nh vy khng?. Ti tr li: ng nh th! Nh Khoa hc ni: Ci tc dng ca tm l. Tc l bn Pht hc ni: Duy tm hay Duy thc vy. Ngi khch hi tip: Nu nh vy, th ti rt nghi. Bn Khoa hc ni: Ci tc dng ca tm l, l hon ton ch nhng vic h huyn khng tht; nh ngi thy bng vnh chn m tng lm con rn (2). Cn ng ni: Ba ci Duy tm. Mun php Duy thc . Nh vy cc s vt hin tht trong th gian ny, cng u l ci tc dng ca tm l to ra, khng tht c sao? Nu Tm thc qu tht c ci tc dng bin ha nh th, th ti nay mun

dng sc ca Tm thc, tng ci chn hin tin trc mt y bin thnh quyn sch, ti sao khng c ?. Ti p : Ong mun dng ci sc ca Tm thc no, khin cho ci chn bin thnh quyn sch? Ong nn bit: Ci chn trc mt ng cng l do Tm thc to thnh vy. Nhng Tm thc to thnh ci chn ny u phi mt, m c Tm thc. Nh: 1. Nh c Nhn thc (ci bit ca con mt) mi to c hnh sc ca ci chn. 2. Nh c Nh thc (ci bit ca l tai) mi to c ci ting ca chn. 3. Phi c T thc (ci bit ca mi) mi to c ci mi ca chn. 4. Phi c Thit thc (ci bit ca li) mi to ci v ca chn. 5. Phi c Thn thc (ci bit ca thn) mi c th to ci xc trn ca chn l: trn, nhm, nng, nh v.v 6. Phi c thc mi to c php trn ca chn l: tt xu, a ght v.v 7. Li phi c thc th By mi phn bit ci ny thuc ca mnh hay ca ngi. 8. Li phi c Tng thc th Tm, mi to c bn cht ca ci chn (theo Khoa hc gi l nguyn cht). Phi bao nhiu loi Tm thc ny, mi to ra c s vt. V li, c nhng vt ch mt mnh ng to ra c, c nhng vt phi do mt s hu tnh chung li mi to c. Chng nhng phi bao nhiu Tm thc ny, m cn phi tri qua mt thi gian lu xa, mi c th to thnh c. Nhng Tm thc to ra ci chn ny, chng loi n nhiu v ci dng lc ca n cng phi lu xa nh vy; th m hm nay ng em ci dng lc ca mt mn thc, li trong thi gian giy pht, m mun cho ci chn bin thnh quyn sch th sao c? Ong khch nghe xong ngc nhin hi: Ci tc dng ca tm l bn trong cn phc tp nh th ? Vy th bn khoa hc ni v tm l, khng th b kp ch su xa ca Pht hc. Song ti cn nghi: Nu vy th nhng vt hin thc trong th gian y cng u l h huyn c v ng do tc dng ca tm l bin ra, khng c mt vt g tht ht sao? Ti p: Chnh th! Vy ng khng nghe trong kinh Kim Cang Pht ni: Tt c nhng ci g c to tc ra, u nh chim bao, nh huyn thut, nh bt nc v nh bng dng hay sao? Ong ch bit ci tc dng ca mt Tm thc ( thc) l h gi, ch ng cha bit ci tc dng ca ton th Tm thc (8 thc) cng u h gi, nn ng ch nhn mt b phn ca thc l h huyn, m chp cc b phn khc l chn tht. Nu ng hiu thu c ci tc dng ca ton th Tm thc (ca 8 thc), th ng s bit tt c vn vt u h huyn, y nh ci tc dng ca mt b phn thc kia khng khc vy. Bi v ngi i ang ng m trong gic mng, hm nay mi thc c gic mng con, ch u bit mnh vn cn trong vng sanh t i mng. Cng nh ngi i thuyn ch bit mnh ng, khng d thuyn ng; trng thy b chy, m khng ng chnh l thuyn i.

Trc khi t t ra v, ngi khch ni rng: Nay ti mi bit tn Pht hc ni v tm ltht l hon ton; bn Khoa hc ch bit c mt phn t thi. Vy th ti xin s theo ng tm hc Pht php. Ti tr li: Nu ng tht mun hc Pht, ti xin gii thiu: quyn Duy thc Phng Tin m ca ng c s ng i Vin xut bn lu, va c ci chnh li rt hon m v in cng gn xong. Vy ng nn thnh xem s c ci ca i vo Duy thc hc. Ngi khch p: Vng. Khi khch v ri, ti lin ghi li cu chuyn ny, dng thay th li ta. Trung Hoa Dn Quc, nm th 20 thng ging Vit ti nh bin tp ca Pht hc th cuc PHM C NNG CH THCH i trong bi ta ny: ng khch ch hiu c mt ci thc ( lc) m thi, ch khng bit c Tm thc; nn ng chp s tng tng ca thc l gi, cn bao nhiu s vt l tht. n khi nghe ng Phm C Nng ni: Thc c tm thc v tt c s vt hin tin cng u do tm thc to ra, khng tht. Cho nn ng khch mi ngc nhin, v thy trong Pht hc ni v tm l su xa v rng ri qu, khng phi nh bn khoa hc ch bit c mt ci thc m thi, nn ng pht tm tm hc Duy thc. (1) Ba ci Duy tm mun php Duy thc. Ba ci l: ci Dc, ci Sc v ci V sc. Mun php l ch cho tt c s vt hu hnh v v hnh. Ngha l tt c s vt hu hnh v v hnh trong ba ci, u khng tht c, ch do Tm thc bin hin m thi. (2) Ngi thy bng vnh chn m tng lm l rn. Th xa v i Tn c ng Lc Qung, mi bn n nh ung ru, v ban m thp n l m, ci vnh chn chiu bng vo chn ru, ngi bn lm tng l con rn b. V sau c ngh l ng Lc Qung thuc mnh, nn t pht bnh. Sau khi c ci chnh, ng bn bit l do tng lm, nn lin ht bnh. ni vic h huyn khng tht c, ch do tm tng tng m thi. BI TH NHT DUY THC PHNG TIN M QUYN THNG Tc gi: NG I VIN Dch gi: THCH THIN HOA

I. THUT LI BN NGUYN TO LUN Ngi i khi xem n Duy thc hc, th lun lun ly lm kh khn; v danh t v hnh tng ca Thc qu nhiu,khng th nh ht; li l v ngha l li su xa, rt kh tm hiu. Cng c ngi c gng c, nhng c mt cch rt kh khan, khng th v; ch c na chng ri b d, khng xem ht quyn c. Ngi hc Pht phn nhiu trnh ni kh, tm ch d; ch a ni sung m khng chung n thc hnh. Bi th nn k th Nho ch l ym th, cc nh Vt cht ch l tiu cc. C nhng ngi hoc Pht, khng hiu T s ni(1) li ra sanh ra chp on dit: cho tt c mi s vic l khng, ri mi vic tu hnh u b ph. Th nn ngi hc Pht khng hiu Duy thc nn Pht php suy i; k th tc v khng hc Duy thc nn khinh bng Pht; Quc gia v khng hiu Duy thc nn ri lon; nhn loi v khng hc Duy thc mi o in. Duy thc l mt mn hc rt quan trng nh th, nhng mun truyn b, li khng bit lm sao! Ti v thng ci tnh t y, pht nguyn cu i, nn vit ra quyn Duy thc Phng Tin m ny, mong cho k tr, ngi n khi xem n, u bit mun php Duy thc, hiu ng ngha l Chn khng rt ro ca Pht . Mi ngi hng hi vui o, chm chm khng bit mi, lng ngi ln hi m thm ci i ( ci c li thin); phong tc chng cn sa i m c tt p, quc gia khng tr pht m vn c thnh tr; nhng tai ho ln tiu, cc im lnh mi ngy thm n, bc Thnh tr thnh hnh, chng Ma vng bt tch, c th gii c ho bnh, ct yu l do mi ngi u hiu l Duy thc. Cho nn ti vui mng v knh cn, trc ht ni mt bi tng cu Tam Bo gia h: Ci u ly Pht v B tt (2) L ngi chng Duy thc tnh. Nguyn dng nhng li phng tin ny, Gii ni ngha rt ro ca Pht. Ly Ngi bung ta ho quang sng, Chiu ph ti tm trong th gian. Chng ma np phc, tai ha tiu, Tt c ng nc An Lc.

(1) T s ni: Tt c cc php khng tht c, ch do thc bin hin l T mun ph tr cc m lm chp tht ca chng sanh. V chng sanh chp cc php tht c, nn mi say m tham luyn, ri to ra cc iu ti li. Ngi hc Pht khng hiu T, li sanh ra chp on dit: cho khng c nhn qu ti phc v.v (2) Cu ny trong vn ch Hn Kh th mn phn tnh. Ch mn l mn thanh tnh, tc l Pht. Ch phn tnh l phn thanh tnh tc l B tt. II. GII THCH TN DUY THC Thc l g? Sao gi l Thc? y l cu hi ca nhng ngi cha hiu Duy thc hc. Nay xin tr li vn tt: C mt ng lc (tc dng) v hnh, ni ln th n trm c v tr, cn ni nh th cng khng ch nh bng; n c cng nng nhn thc phn bit cc s vt sai khc, nn ku l Thc. Nu trong v tr khng c ci ng lc (tc dng) ny, th ci g lm ging mi ch trng cho mun s mun vt. Vy chng ta hy chn chn suy xt. HI: Sao gi l Duy thc? P:Tt c s vt trong v tr ny vn khng c nht nh l ci g hay vt g c; ch do Thc ny n c tc dng, hay nhn thc phn bit cc vt nh th ny hoc nh th kia, in tung tht c. Tht ra mun s mun vt u do Tm thc bin hin, ch c gi tng m thi. Cng nh ngi i ban m, thy ci bng ca mnh m nghi l qu v.v Th nn phi bit: tt c s vt trong v tr nyu khng tht, duy c Thc m thi, cho nn gi l Duy thc. Ni ch Duy ngha l ngoi Thc ra, khng co vt g khc na. III. THNH LP DUY THC HC Ngi i thy ni sng t nc, ngi v vt, u cho l vt hin tht, c th thy v dng c. Hm nay nghe ni: khng tht c, ch do Thc bin hin, cng nh bng dng v.v th h quyt nh khng tin. V mun cho h ht nghi ng, nn phi cng ngi nghin cu, trnh by cc l do r rng, th h mi chu tin, nh th gi l Duy thc hc. Ch Thc ny l hiu bit phn bit; hoc ni gn li l hiu bit. Tt c s vt trong th gian, u l nhng vt hiu bit; cn ci hiu bit phn bit l Thc. Thc n khng c hnh th, ch ly cc vt c hnh sc trong v tr do Thc bin ra lm th ca n. Nay mun ni n Thc, th phi cn c ni chng sanh l vt hu hnh, do Thc bin ra , ch r ci tc dng ca Thc. Song chng sanh c su loi khng ng, nay ch nng ni loi ngi ch ci Thc th d r hn. BI TH HAI THNH LP TM THC (C BN ON) I. THNH LP NM THC TRC

Ai cng u bit: mi ngi u c mt, tai, mi, li v thn. Theo nh Duy thc gi l nm cn th ph ( ngoi); n khng th pht sanh ra Thc (cibit) c. Trong nm Cn ph th, li c hm cha nm Cn tinh t; nm Cn ny mi c th pht sanh ra Thc. Khi nm cn i vi nm trn (sc, thinh, hng, v v xc) th pht sanh ra nm thc (nm ci bit), chung li gi l 15 gii. Nh khi con mt i vi sc trn sanh ra hiu bit cnh vt, th gi l Nhn thc. Khi l tai i vi thinh trn sanh ra hiu bit ting tm, th gi l Nh thc. Khi mi i vi hng trn sanh ra hiu bit mi, th gi l T thc. Khi li i vi v trn, sanh phn bit v, th gi l Thit thc. Khi thn i vi xc trn, sanh ra phn bit: to, nh, cng, mm v.v th gi l Thn thc. Nm mn: sc, thinh, hng, v, xc v u c hnh cht, nn ku l nm trn; hip vi nm cn trn, chung gi l sc php. Cn nm Thc khng c hmh cht, ch nng theo nm cn khi ra phn bit nn gi l nm Thc, cng gi l Tm php. II. THNH LP THC TH SU L THC Nm Thc trc ch phn bit c nhng cnh trong phm vi ca n, ch khng th vt ngoi phm vi ca mnh, thay th cho Thc khc, phn bit c cnh vt khc. Cng nh con mt khng th thay th cho tai nghe ting c; tai khng th thay th cho mt thy cnh c v.v Ch c mt ci Thc, khng cn ni mt, tai, mi, li v thn, m thng gip cho nm ch y pht sanh hiu bit. Hoc c khi nm Thc trc khng c phn bit, m Thc ny c th thay th cho nm Thc trc khi ra phn bit, l cng dng ca thc. Nh trong lc mt xem hoa nu khng , th thy hoa khng r; n chng , lc by gi ci thy mi c r rng. Hay trong lc nghe ting m khng , nn nghe khng r; n khi , th ci nghe mi chc chn. y l nhng bng chng khi thc gip vi nm Thc, thi lm cho nm Thc hiu bit c r rng. thc i vi tt c php, c cng nng phn bit nh th, th quyt phi c cn. Khi cn i vi php trn thi sanh thc; hip vi nm cn, nm trn v nm Thc trc, cng thnh mi tm gii. 18 gii 1. Nhn cn i vi Sc trn sanh ra Nhn thc

2.Nh cn i vi Thinh trn sanh ra Nh thc 3.T cn i vi Hng trn sanh ra T thc 4.Thit cn i vi V trn sanh ra Thit thc 5.Thn cn i vi Xc trn sanh ra Thn thc 6. cn i vi Php trn sanh ra thc

(tm php) 6 cn Sc php 6 trn 6 thc Tm php

III. THNH LP THC TH BY MT NA thctuy khng hnh tng, m ci tc dng ca n rt mnh v phc tp; cho nn nh Duy thc i vi ni dung ca Thc ny, li chn chn kho st ci bn tnh v hnh tng ca n c ba b phn khng ng nhau, cho nn thun theo th lp sp: Ci th su ngoi tn l thc, ci th by gia tn l Mt Na thc v ci th tm trong tn l A li da thc. Ti sao bit chc ngoi l thc th su, gia l Mt Na thc th by v trong l A li da thc th tm? V vn ny phi nghin cu rt nhiu, khng th dng mt vi li m gii thch xong c; nay ti phng tin trnh by s lc. Thng thng ngi i ni Tm l phn nhiu ch cho thc. Nhng xt ci thc c gin on. Ngha l c khi sanh khi v c khi khng. Vy th ngoi ci thc ny, quyt nh phi c mt b phn khng gin on. Nu khng c b phn ny, th nhng ngi, khi thc ca h b gin on khng sanh, h phi nh ngi tt th, cht. Ngi tt th cht ri khng th sng tr li, th thc khi b gin on lm sao li tip tc sanh khi li c? V th nn bit khi thc gin on, quyt nh phi cn mt b phn khng gin on. HI: Lm sao thy c b phn ny? P: Do thy ci tc dng ca n. Khng lun mt loi vt no, lun lun cng u chp c Ta. Nh chp: thn ta, nh ta, nc ta v tnh mng ta v.v Cho n nhng ngi t st hay gn cht, m vn cn ni Ta liu mt phen cht, hay Ta sp cht v.vkhng khi noh ri ci ta. Nh th chng t ngi i bt lun lc no hay ch no cng n chp c Ta. Vy th ci g chp Ta? (ci nng chp) Nm Thc trc v thc (thc th su) v c khi b gin on, nn khng th hng thi chp ta c. Vy quyt nh phi c ci th by hng thi chp Ta l Thc Mt na, Trung Hoa dch l . HI: Ti sao Thc th su gi l , m Thc th by cng gi l , khc nhau ch no? P: Rt khc. Thc th su hay gi l , song ch trng ni thc, nn gi l thc, (ci thc ca cn, cng nh ci thc ca nhn cn). Cn Thc th by m gi l

 l ch trng v phng din suy ngh lo lng ca , cho nn ch gi l m khng gi l thc. (Ngha l: ci th su gi l thc, cn ci th by ch gi l ). V s ngi lm ln, cho nn Thc th by ny m dch gi nguyn vn ch Phn l Mt na. Li na, nm Thc trc u c cn, th Thc th su cng phi c cn. Vy Thc Mt na ny l cn ca Thc th su, cho nn cng gi l cn. ( Thc th su th gi l thc, cn Thc th by gi l hay cn hoc gi l Mt na thc). IV. THNH LP THC TH TM L A LI DA THC Chng ta nn suy ngh k: chp c ta, tt nhin phi c ci chp (nng chp) v ci b chp (s chp). Cng nh ni: cm vit, th phi c ci tay cm v cy vit b cm; nu thiu mt th khng thnh ngha cm. Ci chp (nng chp) l Thc th by Mt na, th cib chp quyt nh khng phi su Thc trc, v su Thc trc u c gin on. Ci chp ta (nng chp) bt lun ch no hay lc no cng u c, khng bao gi gin on, th ci ta b chp cng phi khng gin an. Bi th nn ci ta b chp, quyt nh ch c Thc th tm, tc l A li da. V Thc ny lc no cng c, khng h gin on. Trung Hoa dch l Tng thc (ci thc cha). A li da m gi l Tng thc, v n hm cha ht ging ca tt c php. Ht ging ca by Thc v ht ging ca mun s mun vt, u t ni Thc ny m pht sinh. Nu khng c Thc ny cha ng, thi by Thc trc khng thnh; cho nn nh Duy thc cng gi Thc ny l Cn bn Thc. BI TH BA NI LC CC TM S (C NM ON) I. NH R TN V NGHA CC TM S Tm Thc u co oai lc rt t ti v t ch, cng nh ng vua, khng c phc tng mt ai c; cho nn gi l Tm vng. Ong vua tuy c th ban ra cc hiu lnh, nhng phi c cc quan, thi hnh cc hiu lnh y, th mi tr an c. Tm vng cng th, phi c nhng Tm s l thuc v Tm vng, vng mng lnh ca Tm vng lm tt c vic, nn gi l Tm s (s hu ca Tm vng). Tm s vi Tm vng rt ha hp nhau v u khng ri Thc. Cho nn gi: Duy thc tc l bao trm c Tm vng v Tm s. II. S LIN QUAN V H THUC GIA TM VNG V TM S Tm vng tuy c quyn lm ch v gi gn, m khng th t mnh to nghip c nn phi c cc Tm s. Nhng lm ch nu khng chn chnh, cng nh trn vua hn qun th di qun thn l cc Tm s, c nhin phi lm lon. Chnh nh ngi i v Tm mnh khng t ch, nn b tham, sn, si ni ln, to ra cc nghip trm cp, st hiv.v khng th km ch c.

Nu Tm s khng vng mng lnh ca Tm vng, tri li cn lm phn lon th Tm vng phi b nguy him. Nh ngi i ni: V tham ti li, nn tr khn m. Ngha l ni: Do Tm s tham to nghip, lm cho tr khn ca Tm vng phi b m. Hay c ch gi: Tm b sai khin tc l ch cho Tm s to nghip, sai khin Tm vng vy. Th nn phi bit: Tm s cng Tm vng rt quan h mt thit. Tuy c thng h phn nh giai cp nh th, nhng i khi Tm s cp quyn, th Tm vng phi b nguy him. Cng nh v Quc vng b Quyn thn chp chnh th khng khi ci ha mt nc. Mt bng chng: nhng ngi v qu tham ti hiu sc, nn tm tr ca hphi b cung lon. c Khng T cng ni: Bit c vic nhn, m lng nhn khng gi c, tuy c vic phi, ri cng mt . c Khng T ni nh th, l ch cho Tm vng tuy bit c vic nhn ngha, nhng khng c thin Tm s gip gi gn th quyt khng th bo tr c vic lnh. III. A V V S LNG CA CC TM S Cc Tm s v a v c thn v s, nn chia lm su loi, v v trch nhim khng ng nhau, nn phn ra n 51 mn. Su loi Tm s 1. Bin hnh- 5 mn 2. Bit cnh-5 mn 3. Thin-11 mn 4. Cn bn phin no- 6 mn 5. Ty phin no-20 mn 6. Bt nh- 4 mn C nhng Tm s rt thn mt vi Tm vng, khng lun ni no hay gi pht no, u khng ri Tm vng; cng nh ngy trc chc Tha tng thn cn vi vua, hay ngy nay cc B trng rt mt thit vi Th tng, tc l 5 mn Tm s Bin hnh. Ch Bin hnh ngha l: i khp, gip tt c. C 4: 1. Khp gip tt c thi gian (qu kh, hin ti, v lai). 2. Khp gip tt c Thc (tm thc) 3. Khp gip tt c gii (tam gii) 4. Khp gip tt c a v (t phm n Thnh) IV. NM MN BIN HNH Nm mn Bin hnh l: 1. Xc, 2. Tc , 3. Th, 4. Tng, 5. T. Nm mn Tm s ny, bt lun Tm vng no khi ln, n u chung khi c. Nh Nhn thc Tm vng khi mi xem hoa; lc u tin tip xc vi cnh hoa, th l c Xc Tm s

Chung cng ri. K c mt ci nhc nh Nhn thc xem hoa, l Tc Tm s chung khi. Ri cm th cnh ny kh hay vui tc l Th Tm s. Tip li tng tng ci hnh tng ca hoa v t nhng danh t ku gi: y l vt g? Hoa hay khng phi hoa? l Tng Tm s tng ng. Rt sau ngh tnh ton; hoc dng hay b, l T Tm s chung khi. V. NM MN BIT CNH Trong nm mn Bin hnh, hai Tm s, Tng v T tuy c ci nn tng to nghip, nhng cha thy r rt s thc hnh; cho nn sau nm mn Bin hnh li c nm mn Tm s Bit cnh. Ch Bit cnh ngha l: mi mn u duyn mi cnh gii v to nghip ring khc. Nm mn Bit cnh l: 1- Dc, 2- Thng gii, 3- Nim, 4nh, 5- Hu. Dc l: Mun. Mun nhng ci g mnh ang mong mi, nh thy quyn sch mun c v.v Thng gii l: Bit r. Nh khi c sch hiu r cc ngha l. Nim l: Nh. Nh hm qua c sch, ngy nay nh li. nh l: Chuyn ch. Nh khi c sch, chuyn ch khng ngh nh mt vic g khc. Hu l: Tr hu. Khi c sch nh tm yn nh, nn pht sanh ra Tr hu. V th lp sanh khi ca nm mn Tm s ny c lin quan nh th; c th ly mt vic c sch thy r. Nhng nhim v u khc, v mi mn duyn mi cnh; cng nh ngi i phn cng lm vic, mi ngi u c mi trch nhim khc nhau. Cn c theo y m suy xt, th Tm vng hon ton khng th to nghip c. Cng nh v vng trong chn lp thnh nghim nht, khng lm vic g c, ch ra cc sc lnh m thi. Nh nm mn Bin hnh Tm s gip vi Tm vng mi thnh c s to nghip. Cng nh quan Tha tng vng mng lnh ca Vua, gi chiu ch xung cc b. Ri do nm mn Bit cnh Tm s, mi mn u lnh mi nhim v; cng nh cc B li lnh s mang ri ty thi thi hnh. Nm mn Tm s Bin hnh ch c nhim v: 1- Trn, tha lnh ca Tm vng; 2Ban b xung cho cc cp di. Cho nn n cng vi tm thc Tm vng ng tnh v k. Ngha l khng nht nh thin hay c. Cn Tm s Bit cnh, v mi mn gi mt trch nhim cho nn c ba tnh l Thin, c v V k. Ngoi ra cn mi mt mn Tm s Thin, ch chuyn mn lm vic lnh, cng nh cc v Trung thn. Li c su mn Cn bn phin no v 20 mn Ty phin no, chuyn to cc nghip c, cng nh cc Quan li tham . Li c nhng Tm s khng nht nh thin hay c, tc l bn mn Bt nh: Hi, Min, Tm, T.

Cng nh mt chc Quan c v lng chng n lng, khng c ch trng g nht nh, ai bo th no cng cho l phi. Tn ca 51 mn Tm s: 1. Bin hnh Tm s, c 5: 1- Xc, 2- Tc , 3- Th, 4- Tng, 5-T (D nh chc Tha Tng). 2. Bit cnh Tm s, c 5: 1- Dc, 2- Thng gii, 3- Nim, 4- nh, 5- Hu (D nh cc B li). 3. Thin Tm s, c 11: 1- Tn, 2- Tm, 3- Qu, 4- V tham, 5- V sn, 6- V si, 7Tinh tn, 8- Khinh an, 9- Bt phng dt, 10- Hnh x, 11- Bt hi (D nh cc v Cng Thn). 4. Cn bn phin no, c 6: 1- Tham, 2- Sn, 3- Si, 4- Mn, 5- Nghi, 6- c kin (D nh cc v Gian Thn). 5. Ty phin no Tm s, c 20: 1- Phn, 2- Hn, 3- Ph, 4- No, 5- Tt, 6- Xan, 7Cung, 8- Sim, 9- Hi, 10- Kiu, 11- V tm, 12- V qu, 13- Tro c, 14- Hn trm, 15- Bt tn, 16- Gii i, 17- Phng dt, 18- Tht nim, 19- Tn lon, 20- Bt chnh tri (D nh cc quan li tham ). 6. Bt nh Tm s, c 4: 1- Hi, 2- Min, 3- Tm, 4- T (D nh cc v Quan lm vic lng chng n lng). Hai loi Tm s, Bin hnh v Bit cnh ti ni s lc ri; cn Thin Tm s, Cn bn phin no, Ty phin no Tm s, Bt nh Tm s, bn loi Tm s ny, xin c gi nn bit s lc danh t v ngha, i n quyn sau ti s ni r hnh tng v cng dng ca n. BI TH T KINH NGHIM DUY THC (C NM ON) I. EM VIC NGM THI CH R L DUY THC Ti cn nh mt bi thi ca mt thi s i ng nh vy: Thiu tiu ly gia lo i hi. Hng m v ci tn mao thi; Nhi ng tng kin bt tng thc, Tiu vn khch tng h x li (lai). DCH NGHA: Khi cn tr i xa qu hng, n lc tui ga tr v nh. Ting khc khng khc, nhng tc ru li bc. Cha con thy nhau ma li chng bit nhau. Tr con ci hi: Ong t u n?

Nay em ba ch Chng bit nhau trong bi thi ny, gii thch ch thc trong Duy thc. Theo Duy thc , ni ch thc ngha l hiu bit phn bit. a con ng khi thy cha tt nhin phi c ci hiu bit phn bit, nn mi bit ngi ny chng quen bit. Vy th ch thc l hiu bit phn bit. Trong bi thi ny ch ni mt ch thc; nu chnh chn xt ci ca bi thi ny, cng c th ch r tm thc. Nh trc nht dng tai nghe ting, bit ting ni khng khc l Nh thc. K dng mt xem, bit ru tc bc, l Nhn thc. Khi cha con gp nhau, mt thy tai nghe, a nh li nghi ng: ng ny l ai?. Ci Tm nghi ng l thc. Cho nn ch bit trong ba ch chng bit nhau, l ci thc. Ci thc ny thng cng vi nm thc trc chung khi, nh khi nghe ting l Nh thc. Khi phn bit y l ting ni quen hay khng quen. Th l c ci chung khi ri. Khi con mt va thy bit ru tc, l Nhn thc. n lc phn bit ru tc ny bc hay khng bc, l thc chung khi ri. V ci thc cng vi nm thc trc ng thi chung khi, cho nn trong lun Duy thc gi l: Ng cu thc. Ngha l phm Nhn, Nh, T, Thit, Thn nm thc, ty mmt Thc no khi ln, th lin c thc ng khi chung khi. II. CHNG MINH C NG CU THC Ly mt vic ngm thi ny chng minh, cng c th chia thc ra lm hai loi: 1. c u thc: Ngha l ch mt mnh thc khi ln, khng c chung cng vi nn thc trc. Nh khi mt khng thy cnh, tai chng nghe ting v.v m vn khi vng tng phn bit cc cnh vt. 2. Ng cu thc: Ngha l thc chung cng vi nm thc trc khi, nh tn ni: cng gi l Minh liu thc ( thc phn bit r rng). c u thc hay Ng cu thc mi ci li chia lm nm: thc: 1a) b) c) d) e) c u thc (n c thc): Mng trung thc ( thc trong khi chim bao) Tn v thc ( thc khi tn lon) nh trung thc ( thc trong khi nh) Suy trung thv ( thc trong khi suy tnh) Cung lon thc ( thc trong khi in cung)

2a) b)

Ng cu thc (Minh liu thc): Nhn cu thc ( thc cng vi mt chung khi) Nh cu thc ( thc cng vi tai chung khi)

c) T cu thc ( thc cng vi mi chung khi) d) e) Thit cu thc ( thc cng vi li chung khi) Thn cu thc ( thc cng vi thn chung khi)

Do y c th chng minh nm thc trc khng th ring khi, m quyt phi c thc ng thi chung khi. Bi v nm thc trc ch c T tnh phn bit, nn khng th phn bit c cc gi danh. Duy thc mi cK t phn bit (tnh ton so o). Phm tt c vt ha hp u do thc so o phn bit, ba t ra cc gi danh. Nh khi nghe ting, th ci Nh thc ch phn bit c ting thi; cn so o phn bit cc gi danh: ting hay ting d, phi quy v.v l cng nng ca thc. Cho nn khi Nh thc sanh, th quyt c thc chung khi; cn T, Thit, Thn v.v cc Thc kia khi khi ln cng vy. III. SUY NGHIM C THC TH BY V THC TH TM Nh trn ni r ba Thc: mt, tai, ; nhng cng c th ch r c Thc th by v Thc th tm. Nh ngi lm thi bit: Khi cn tr xa qu hng, n gi ri mi tr v nh, ting ni khng i, nhng ru tc li bc. Th l t tr n gi, mt dng sanh dit tip tc, khng bit bao nhiu ln thay i, nhng ci Ta vn y nguyn; ci Ta tc l Thc th tm, tn A li da. Chnh trong kinh Gii Thm Mt ni: Thc A na rt l tinh t; cc chng t trong thc ny sanh dit nh dng nc thc. Bi n hay duy tr chng t, cn thn v th gii cho nn ku l A na, Trung Hoa dch l Chp tr. V Thc ny gi gn thn mng t khi cn nh ri nh, cho n lc gi tr v qu hng; Ta tng chu mt cuc i bin i phiu lu; th ci Ta b chp y l Thc th Tm. Cn ci nng chp Ta l Thc th By Mt na. IV. DNG T D CH R THC TH BY V THC TH TM Thc th By khng c cng dng g l, ch c ti chp Thc th Tm lm Ta. Thc th Tm nh ng ch nh, Thc th By nh ngi gc ca. Tht ra, ng ch nh cng mt ngi nh ai, nhng v ngi gc ca chp ngi trong nh l ng ch ca mnh, cho nn mi thnh ra ng ch. Cng th, ci chn tng ca Thc th Tm vn nh thng, khng c cht g bin i, chng qua v Thc th By chp lm Ta, cho nn Thc th Tm li bin thnh Ng i chp tng. V. NGUYN DO C NG TNG Nh Duy thc hc nghin cu n ch cng tt, mi t c ci tn ca Thc th Tm (A li da) ny. Chng phm phu v ngoi o ni rng: Ti hay thn th Ti, tc l

ch cho thc A li da. Thc ny tc l Pht tnh, cng ku l Nh Lai tng. Do Thc th By chp Ta, nn n bin thnh tp nhim, th ku l A li da hay Ng i chp tng. Nu Thc th By khng chp Ta th n li thanh tnh, nn gi l Nh Lai tng hay Pht tnh. Thc th Tm 1- V Thc th By khng chp ng, nn Thc th Tm ny c thanh tnh, gi l Nh Lai tng hay Pht tnh. 2- V Thc th By chp ng, Thc th Tm ny thnh tp nhim, nn gi l A li da hay Ng i chp tng. S d thnh phm phu hay ngoi o l do Thc th By chp Thc ny l ch nhn (ta). Cn su Thc trc l quyn thuc ca ng ch, ngoi gip ng ch to tc cc nghip. Cho nn trong kinh Gii Thm Mt ni: Ta (Pht) i vi k phm phu khng ging ni thc ny, v s chng phn bit chp lm Ng. Pht ni k phm phu nh ngi gi ca, khng h thy ng ch su xa bn trong; nu ging ni n phn thm t bn trong (Thc th Tm) th chng li thm chp ng cng lm, cho nn th khng ni cn hn. Bi th, nn trong ba tng mi hai b Kinh, ni ph ng chp v trong Duy thc ni ph ng chp, php chp, phn ln l ph ci chp ca Thc th By ny. Trong kinh Kim Cang ni bn tng: ng tng, nhn tng, chng sanh tng v th gi tng, cng thuc v ci chp tng ca Thc th Su v Thc th By. Nu nh ph tr c ci chp tng ca Thc th By, cng nh ui anh gc, m ca em ng ch nh ra, v khng cn anh gc ca (t) nn khng ai gi ng l ng ch na, ch ku ng l ngi, nh bao nhiu ngi khc. V th trong kinh Pht ni: Pht v chng sanh bnh ng khng hai. Bn Thin tng ni: p b thng keo sn (ph chp), khi t ng ri, ng vi khi cha ng. Mt li ni ny c th gii quyt t nhiu nghi nan, nh ni: Sanh t tc l Nit bn hay Phin no tc l B v.v u c th ly y suy xt. BI TH NM EM VIC CHIM BAO XT NGHIM L DUY THC (C BA ON) I. PHNG TM VI DUY THC Mt hm tri gn sng, ti nm chim bao thy mt trng hc, cc hc sinh ang lm reo. Thy gio nhm cc hc sinh ti ging ng din thuyt v mi ti ln din n din ging. Ti suy ngh chng hc sinh ny tnh tnh nng ny bo ng, khng th dng l lun m gii by c, chi bng ni mt vi cu chuyn c l th cho chng nghe cn hn. Lc by gi ti mi ni rng:

-i vin ny l k v hc, cng khng c ti din ging, nhng ti ch nh s si c vi cu ca Thy Mnh nh vy: Ci o hc vn khng g l, ch tm phng tm (vng) tr li m thi. Vy th ci phng tm rt l h trng! Thn khng tu cng v phng tm, nh khng t (yn) cng v phng tm, nc khng tr (lon) cng v phng tm. Chnh nh ngy hm nay cc tr lm reo, cng v khng bit tm ci phng tm ca mnh tr li, th tc khc khng c vic g c. Ti sao cc tr khng bit tm ci phng tm? V cc tr khng bit ci hc vn tm phng tm. Ci hc vn tm phng tm , tc l Duy thc hc vy. c Khng T v thy Mnh u c bit Duy thc hc, chng qua cc Ngi khng ni n danh t Duy thc m thi, nn ngi i chng ai bit. Nh trong Lun ng ni: Lng lng m ghi , hc khng bit nhm, dy ngi chng bit mi, u c ni Ta ? Ni nh th l v cc Ngi tinh bc c Duy thc hc ri. Trc ni mnh m thm chng c, nn hc m khng bit nhm, n khi hc gii ra dy ngi khng bit mi. c cng phu nh th, th bit rng cc Ngi ph c ng chp ri, cho nn mi ni rng: u c ni Ta ? Thy Mnh sn c kh tng i tha, chng qua kh cn th s, nn Thy ch ging ng s si vi cu. Nh ni rng: Mun vt u ni Ta. Ni nh th, tc l ch cho Mun php u v ni Duy thc. Ni n y hc sinh vui mng v tay hoan nghinh. Ti lin git mnh thc dy, th tri cn m m cha sng. Ti ngi suy ngh: gic chim bao ny c th em ra chng minh cho l Duy thc. II. CNH CHIM BAO C HAY KHNG? Nu ni cnh chim bao ny tht c, th ging ng, ngi v cc vt trong chim bao va ri, by gi sao khng thy mt vt no c? Cn ni l khng, th tisao ng khi chim bao li thy ht. Trong Thnh Duy thc lun li ni: Cng nh ngi ng, do Tm chim bao bin hin ra cc cnh vt, in tung nh ngoi. Ngi ng lc chim bao vn chp cc cnh y tht c v ngoi tm. n khi thc gic ri mi bit cc cnh vt ny khng tht, chng qua do Tm chim bao bin hin m thi. III. CHNG NGHIM C BA TNH a) Y tha khi tnh: Ngha l ngoi cnh tuy khng, nhng Ni thc li c; ngoi cnh li y ni Ni thc kia m sanh (Y tha khi); nu khng c Ni thc th ngoi cnh chng c. Do y suy xt, trong th gian no l ni, sng, t lin, ngi v vt v.v khng c mt cnh no chng y Ni thc bin hin. b) Bin k s chp tnh: (vng chp) Ngha l cc cnh vt u t Ni thc bin hin khng tht, m khng tr li in o so o chp cc cnh y ngoi tm v tht c. Nu

c ngi ni cc cnh l gi, th nht nh khng tin, cng nh ti va ri trong chim bao thy ging ng, ngi v vt v.v quyt nh ni l tht; i n khi thc gic ri mi tin l gi. c) Vin thnh tht tnh: Ngha l nhn thc ng vi l tht. Nh ngi khi thc tnh mi bit cnh chim bao l gi. Theo nh Duy thc thng dng ba tnh ny m ph phn tt c cc php, ci no chn, ci no gi. C th ly vic chim bao trn, chng minh 3 mn t tnh ny. Ba mn T tnh: _Y tha khi tnh (cc php duyn khi) _Bin k s chp t tnh (m lm vng chp) _Vin thnh tht t tnh (gic ng) Ngi i ang trong m di sanh t, m mang ni trng i mng, nn thy no l quc gia, chnh tr, nhn vt, ti snv.v u chp l tht c, khng tin Duy thc bin hin. Hm nay ging v Duy thc hc l ku ngi sm tnh gic i mng, dng phng tin chng minh mun s mun vt u do Duy thc bin hin. Nu ngi nhn c r l Duy Thc ri, th cng nh ti tnh gic mng trc kia, khng i ngi ni m ti cng t bit cc vt trong chim bao u khng t c, ch do tm bin hin m thi (Y tha khi). Khi t b ci m lm vng chp tht c ri, (Bin k s chp) th cc ngi hiu bit mi ng s tht, nn gi l Vin thnh tht. BI TH SU LC GII CC LI VN NN CA NGOI NHN (C SU ON) T trc n y, ti dn chng rt nhiu ch r ngoi cnh khng c; nhng e ngi i cn nhiu ch nghi ng, nn ti phng tin lp nhng li vn p gii cho rnh r. I. XEM NI, DO THC BIN HIN HI: Nu qu tht cc cnh vt ngoi u do trong Thc bin hin, vy th khi chng ta ch ny (nh in B) thy c mt qu ni; khi chy n mt ch khc (nh bin Ba ng) cng dng Thc ny tng ni, sao li chng thy c ni? V ci Thc tng ni lc no cng tng, sao li chng lun lun thy c ni? Li na, nh nhiu ngi ng thi ng bn ni, ch c mt ngi tng ni, cn bao nhiu ngi khng tng, ti sao bao nhiu ngi cng u thy ni? P: Ngi vn nn c nh th, k ra cng c hc vn nghin cu kh lm, ti rt hoan nghinh.

Ti thong th hi gn li rng: Ong khi ng chim bao thy cc cnh vt: ch ny ni, ch kia nc, ch n ch, lng v.v u phi thy ch no cng u ni c? Ngoi nhn tr li: Phi. Ti hi tip: Li na, trong khi chim bao, c khi ng thy ni, c khi khng thy, u phi lc no ng cng u thy ni? Ngoi nhn tr li: Phi. Ti lin ni thng rng: Hin nay ti vi ng, ng trong vng sanh t i mng, cho nn phm thy ni, sng, t lin v.v u do Thc bin hin, cng ng nh trong gic mng mt th, cho nn khng th mt mnh ci Thc ca ng, m bin sanh ra cnh vt khc c. II. CNH CHIM BAO CNG NH CNH THC, NG DO THC BIN HI: Khi tnh, thy cc vt u tht, nh mc o th nga c lnh, n cm c nov.v cn khi chim bao thy cc vt u khng tht. Nh chim bao thy n, thc dy bng vn i, chimbao thy mc t la, khi thc vn mc vi b,v.v nh th th lm sao em cnh chim bao so snh ng vi cnh thc? P: Ong ng khi chim bao thy cc s vt cng u tht vy, nh thy la vn nng, thy nc cng lnh, thy n vn no v.v ch tr khi ng thc ri mi bit cnh chim bao l gi. Chng ta hin nay cng th, hin ang trong vng phm phu m mui, nh ngi trong chim bao, nn khng th bit chc c ci no tht ci no gi; bao gi tu hnh n bc i gic (Pht) mi bit cnh ny l gi, chng khng cn nghi ng na. Cng nh khi ng tng gic mng ri, mi bit cnh chimbao l khng tht. III. THC BIN HIN V KHNG BIN HIN HI: Ong ni ngy m u l chim bao c, vic ny thi gc li, khng bn na, ti xin hi qua vic khc. Nh li ng ni: Mun php u do Thc bin. Ti sao c vt, Thc khng bin c? P: Gii thch vn ny rt l phin phc, nay ti phng tin ni s lc. Theo nh Duy thc ni, nhng cnh vt do Thc bin hin, c lc c hai th: 12Cng bin. Ngha l do Thc ca nhiu chng sanh chung li bin ra. Bt cng bin. Ngha l ch do Thc ca mt chng sanh ring bin.

Nu xt chn chn, th c th chia ra lm bn phn: 1- Cng trung cng bin. Ngha l trong mt cnh chung, do nhiu Thc ca chng sanh chung bin. Nh trong v tr ny, no l ni, sng v.v cc vt v ch, l do Thc ca chng sanh chung bin. 2- Cng trung bt cng bin. Ngha l trong mt hon cnh m chng chung bin; d nh nhng rung vn c ch, trong v tr ny.

3- Bt cng trung cng bin. Ngha l trong hon cnh khng chung, m li chung nhau bin. Nh 5 cn th ph l mt, tai, mi, li v thn ca mi ngi ring dng, nn gi l bt cng, song ngi khc c th thy c, nn gi l cng bin 4- Bt cng trung bt cng bin. Ngha l trong ci khng chung cng, m cng khng chung nhau bin ra. Nh 5 mn Thng ngha cn (thn kinh h) np trong 5 cn th ph (mt, tai, mi, li v thn) ch t mi ngi th dng, ngi khc khng thy. Thc bin 1a) b) 2a) b) Chung bin: Trong ci chung, li chung bin. Nh ni, sng v ch. Trong ci chung, li ring bin. Nh t, vn, c ch. Ring bin: Trong ci ring, li chung bin. Nh 5 cn th ph ngoi. Trong ci ring, li ring bin. Nh 5 mn Thng ngha cn (thn kinh h).

Nhng ni sng v.v ng va hi , l thuc v Thc ca nhiu ngi chung bin, nn khng th dng Thc ca mt ngi bin c, tc thuc v ci ngha cng trung cng bin y. V do Thc ca nhiu ngi chung bin, cho nn ti tnh Sn ng c a s chng sanh bin ra ni Thi ri, th khng th do mt ngi n t H Nam bin ra mt ni Thi th hai na c. c a s chng sanh ti t H Bc bin ra con sng Hn, th cng khng th do mt ngi n t Sn Ty bin thm mt con sng Hn na c.. Ti sao th? V ni Thi v sng Hn, u do lc lng cc Thc ca nhiu ngi chung bin, nn khng th do lc lng mt Thc v ca mt ngi m bin thm na c. IV. THC BIN HIN C TNG V GIM HI: do Thc ca nhiu ngi chung bin mt qu ni, ti sao cc Thc n chng chng ngi nhau, m li hip thnh mt c? Li na, khi c mt ngi i ch khc hoc cht, th gim bt mt Thc ri, sao chng thy ci ni kia gim nh li? . P: Th nh nhiu ci n, ng t trong mt nh, cc nh sng ho hp li in nh mt, khng c ngi nhau. Nu nh ly bt i mt ci n th nh snh sng vn khp y c nh, khng thy khuyt thng mt phn no. Song tuy sng khp c nh, nhng nh sng c phn gim bt, khng bng nh lc cn nhiu ci n. Ly l ny m suy nghim n non sng cng th. Nh trn lcnh s, triu i no minh qun, th nc nh hng thnh, nhng v hin ti ra i rt nhiu, non sng iu hin ra nhng im lnh. Cn triu i no hn qun, th cc v hin thn cht, trong nc hin

ra nhng iu bt thng nh ni l, sng kh v.v y tc l ci nh hng v Thc c thm v bt, nn non sng c thnh v suy. Li na, nh trn lch s ni: Khi v Thnh nhn ra i th sng Hong H trong. Tc l thm ci Thc ca v Thnh nhn, cho nn bin hin ra sng Hong H c trong. V ni: Ch no c ngi anh kit, th t i x linh thing. y cng c th chng nghim, do Thc ca ngi anh kit nn bin sanh t ai c linh thing. Do y suy xt nhng nh m dng (a l), h ni: Phong thy vi nhn vt rt c lin quan nhau. iu ny chng ta c th tin c. Cho nn ngi hiu c Duy thc ri th trong th gian ny tt c nhng iu k qui, nghi ng, kh gii thch, u c th phng tin gii thch c c. V. BIN CHUNG, THY RING HI: Hin tin mt chng ta thy ni, l ch thy ci ni doThc ca mnh bin ra, hay l cng thy c ci ni do Thc ca ngi khc bin? Nu nh ch thy ci ni do Thc ca mnh bin ra, th Thc ca mnh t bin c ni ri, cn g phi i Thc ca ngi khc chung bin? Cn nh thy c ci ni do Thc ca ngi khc bin, nh th th ngoi tm mnh cn c ngi khc, thnh ra ngoi tm c php, sao thnh ngha Duy thc? P: Mun gii thch vn ny, phi hiu qua mi Thc u c hai phn: 1Kin phn, tc l phn thy.

2- Tng phn, tc l phn b thy (cnh). Hai phn ny u ngoi, n c ci tc dng bin ra ni v thy ni. Li c hai phn bn trong: a) T chng phn.

b) Chng t chng phn. Hai phn ny lm bn th cho hai phn ngoi y ni m pht sanh. n quyn sau s ni r bn phn ny. Thc Ngoi (dng): 12Tng phn (phn b thy: cnh). Kin phn (phn thy).

Trong (th): 12T chng phn. Chng t chng phn.

Y theo o l Duy thc m lun th tng phn ca Thc A Li Da, bin ra thn th v th gii, ri Thc ny t dng kin phn (phn thy) duyn ly. Ci ni ng va hi trn, l thuc mt phn trong th gii, c nhin phi do tng phn Thc A Li Da ca nhiu ngi chung bin ri Thc ny dng kin phn (phn thy) duyn ly lm cnh. Ngi khi thy ni, l do Nhn thc ca h, nng cnh ni ca A Li Da bin, lm bn cht, ri n tr li bin ra tng phn (phn b thy) in nh ci ni v t dng kin phn (phn thy) duyn ly. Nn khi mi ngi thyni, l khng phi thy c ci ni do tng phn Thc A Li Da ca nhiu ngi chung bin; tht ra ch thy c ci ni do Nhn thc ca mnh, t bin li m thi. Cho bit hin tin chng ta thy ni, l ch thy c ci ni do Nhn thc ca mnh bin ra, ch khng th thy c ci ni do Thc ca ngi khc bin vy. Bi th nn nh Duy thc ni: Ngi i u c mt bu tri t;ng sanh mt ch m li ring, mi ngi u chng thy nhau. VI. NNG BN CHT RI BIN LI Thng thng chng ta thy ni, sng, t lin, v.v tuy do Nhn thc ca mnh bin ra, nhng quyt nh phi nng ci Cnh ca Thc th Tm bin, lm bn cht. Nu khng c bn cht th mt mnh Nhn thc, cng khng th g nng vo u bin li c. Bi th, nn ngi i nhng ch khng ni, h khng th tng ra ni, nhng ch khng nc, h khng th tn g ra nc; v thiu bn cht g nng vy. Cc nh Trit hc bn Thi Ty, v khng bit c Thc th tm ny v khng hiu nhng vic g bn cht bin ra nh tng v.v cho nn i vi vn v tr, h bn ci lng xng m khng th gii quyt c. Li na, bin bn cht tuy c Thc ca ngi khc chung bin, nhng cng l Thc, nn ni l Duy thc. V ci bn cht tuy c Thc ca ngi khc bin, nhng khi khi Nhnthc thy, chng qua g bn cht ri bin li cnh th hai duyn, ch khng th thy bn cht; ci cnh n thy c, cng ch trong Thc m thi, cho nn khng phi ngoi tm c php. Cng nh ci bng trong gng, tuy nh c ci hnh ngoi lm bn cht chiu vo, nhng chng ta ch thy ci bng trong gng, cho nn vn gi l Duy thc. Do c th chng minh, no th gii, quc gia, mun s mun vt u nh ci hoa trong gng, nh trng di nc; th m ngi i khng bit cc nh tng u do bn cht bin ra, tr li chp l tht c, ri khi ra cc phin no m hoc to nghip, t lm a lc, tht ng bun thng! Nu ngi ng c l Duy thc ri, th hy vng s tin n ch ton thin vy. BI TH BY KT LUN L Duy thc rt su xa v mu nhim v cng, nu lun bn t m th chng nhng sut i khng ht, m li lm cho ngi nghe thm ri lon, khng nm c mi manh, khin cho k ni ngi nghe u v ch. Chi bng ngi ni ty ch thy bit ca mnh v tha nhng lc hng th m trnh by; cn ngi nghe th sing nng hc hi, ty theo

trnh ca mnh m tu, nh th ngy qua thng li, s hc c m mang sng sut vy. Thu xa thy Mnh , t thut li vic kho nui ch kh ho nhin, c ni rng: Do cha cht vic ngha m sanh ra vy. Nay ngi hc Duy thc cng phi ln cht cha ngha l mu nhim, chng nhm hc nhiu, cha cht lu cng nh ch kh ho nhin, khp y trong tri t, rt cng v rt ln. c nh th th ci ngha Duy thc mi rng, ci hc Duy thc mi thnh. Khng lc no v ch no m li chng thy Duy thc, cng nh li ngc ca v Thch trng trng chiu nhau. Duy Thc Phng Tin m v quyn th nht ny, phn nhiu cn c theo nhng vic thng thy v thng nghe ca th gian, chng minh mun vt do Thc bin. Li trnh by gn m li d, c th lm ci ca ng cho ngi vo nh Duy thc. Hay ni d hiu hn l lm mt quyn sch dy v lng cho k s cp. Khi hc gi c k quyn nht ri, mi c th c tip n quyn th hai v s thy nhng ngha: Chng t khi hin hnh, Hin hnh hun chng t; Tm vng v Tm s tng ng nhau, Cn v Cnh lm ch s y v s duyn cho nhau v.v Tuy rng, quyn nh li l cng nh ngha l, c phn su xa v kh hn nhiu; nhng qu v c k quyn nht ri, tip tc c quyn nh th cng chng kh chi, nh ngi cn dao ch tre. Tuy l Duy thc rng ri v rt tinhnvi, nhng hc gi c k tp ny, s c ci cn bn, thi i vi sch Duy thc cng khng kh g. Nh ngi i bin c kim ch nam, khng cn lo ngi bin khi diu vi. Sau qu v nghin cu n Thnh Duy Thc thut k, Du Gi S a lun, Nhip i tha lun v.v s hiu c nhng ngha nh Tn s hu tnh, ch php nht thit tnh; nh s hu tnh, ch php Chn nh tnh (cng tt tnh s hu, l tt c tnh ca cc php, nh tnh s hu l tnh Chn nh ca cc php).Th th t phng tin m qu v cng c th t n ch cu cnh. HT QUYN THNG DUY THC HC TP II DUY THC PHNG TIN M QUYN H Tc gi: NG I VIN Dch gi: THCH THIN HOA LI TA V BI K Cho cu cnh ca Pht php, cao xa khng th vi n; chng sanh i mt php chng bit ca no i vo. V th, cc v i B tt pht tm i bi lp ch li tha, ty thun theo cn c ca chng sanh i mt php, n du oai quang (ch huyn diu cao siu) khng vi ni Pht php, m li ni php chng sanh.

V mn Duy thc hc ny, khng ni n Chn tm v phn bit, m ch bn v Vng thc hu phn bit; khng ni n Chn nh m ch lun v Thc A Li da. y tc l B Tt t ch cu cnh trong Pht php m phng tin la ra ni php chng sanh. Song, khi lp phng tin th phi dng vn t. Khi c vn t, li b danh t cu vn lm chng ngi l o. Nhng bc C c thng minh ngy xa, dng vn t bin chp o l, n khi vn t thnh ri li lm chng ngi l o. Ngi ixa cng tip tc nh th, mong cho mi ngi xem ni vn t hiu ngha l. Nhng sai mt ho th lm ngn dm. Th nn, i sau nhng ngi c ch nghin cu v Duy thc rt lo ngi; c cc bn ch gii xa, th rt kh hiu ri thi ch; cn c cc bn ch gii cn i, li lo ngi l ngy truyn. V th nn Duy thc hc rt suy vi, Pht php cng do ni y m thn mn! i nay, nhn lon qu, nn ngi ta mi ngh n vic thnh tr. V th, m cc nh hc gi phn nhiu xng vn ha ng phng, em Duy thc hc g un thnh mn Trit hc ng Ty, thc hnh vic li i cu nc. Nhng nu khng c phng tin, vit ra nhng loi sch hp theo trnh ca ngi, th mn hc ny cng khng lm sao truyn b c. i vin ny l k v hc, nhng xem ra thy rng, bt c d mi em nhng ch kinh nghim ngy thng ca mnh ging, vit ra quyn sch ny, li ni khng trau chut, ch mong c li ch cho i m thi. Song, c vn t ng ngn, th xin ch chp vn t, m khng t c ngha l, phi kho th hi iu y. Quyn trc c nhng ch cha r, th quyn sch ny s gii thch thm cho r. Nay ti y nh bn nguyn, trc knh cn ni mt bi tng: Knh ly ng Php gii iu Ng S (Pht) Con v li tha, nn khai phng tin: Ging ni ngha v lng ca Duy thc. Khin cho cc chng sanh u khai ng. BI TH NHT NI V DUY THC V THIN TN (C BA ON) I. TM L TH, THC L DNG Thc ngha l hiu bit, phn bit, tc l bit hiu ca Tm. ng v phng din bn th m lun, th v hnh tng, v phn bit, gi l Tm. Cn ng v phng din tc dng (hin tng) m ni, th t ni ch v tng m hin ra c tng, t ni ch v phn bit m khi ra hu phn bit, nn gi l Thc.

Tm 12Bn th (Tm): v tng, v phn bit Hin tng (Thc): hu tng, hu phn bit.

V Tm th v tng, v phn bit nn trong Kinh chp: Ngn ng o on, tm hnh x dit. (lun bn khng trng, tm suy ngh chng nhm) y l ch ch trng ca Thin Tn gi l: Dng tm truyn tm. Cho nn bn Thin Tn ni Mch Tm liu bt kh c (tm Tm trn khng th c). V Thc dng th c hnh tng v c phn bit; cho nn t ch khng ni nng c (Tm) m phng tin c ni nng (Thc); t ch suy ngh khng c (Tm) m phng tin c tm suy ngh (Thc). Tm 1- Thin Tn truyn tm (khng ni nng, khng suy ngh) 2- Duy thc Tn truyn thc (c ni nng, c suy ngh). II. CCH TRUYN PHP CA HAI TN KHC NHAU Xin lp mt t d ch r ch sai khc ca hai Tn. Nh anh A, dy anh B tm cch hnh tch con chim bay trong h khng. Con chim kia tuy c bay qua trong h khng, nhng khng c hnh tch g ch ra c. Tuy khng c hnh tch g ch ra c, nhng tht c bay qua trong h khng. y l d ci Diu ch truyn tm ca Thin Tn vy (v tng, v vn t). V Duy Thc Tn, d nh anh C, bit rng trong h khng tuy khng th ch ci hnh tch con chim bay c; nhng anh phng tin ly mt t giy, v hnh con chim bay trong h khng, ri bo anh D xem trn t giy ny, c th hiu c hnh tch con chim bay trong h khng. Tuy t giy trng chng phi l h khng, hnh tch con chim trn giy khng phi hnh tch con chim trong h khng, nhng xem t giy c th tm bit c tng h khng, xem hnh chim trn giy, cng c th so snh bit c hnh chim trong h khng. y l ci Diu dng truyn thc ca Duy thc tn (cng gi l Tng Tn). Cch truyn php ca hai tn: 1- Thin tn truyn tm nh ch hnh chim bay trong h khng. 2- Duy thc tn truyn thc nh ch hnh chim trn t giy. Bn Thin tn th dng tm truyn tm truyn mt cch trc tip, khng c vt g cch bit. Ngha l ch thng cho ngi trc ng c bn tm camnh, nn bn Thin tn

dy ngi ch tham cu mt cu ni (thoi u). Cm khng cho xem kinh in v s lon tm, nn Tam tng kinh in u khng dng. Tri li, bn Duy thc tn th dng Thc truyn tm, ngha l phng tin dng Thc lm vt gii thiu, cho ngi t Thc m ng c Tm. y gi l gin tip truyn, nn phi hc tp kinh in, khng ri Tam tng. Truyn php 12Thin tn Dng tm truyn tm ri vn t, khng dng Tam tng Duy thc tn Dng thc truyn tm dng vn t, phi Tam tng

III. NGI TU TRONG HAI TN, V CHP NN U THNH T HI: Nu nh anh D chp ci hh con chim v trn giy l tht, th khng lm sao hiu c ci hnh con chim bay trong h khng. Ngha l bn Duy thc tn phng tin dng vn t ni Thc dn ngi ng Tm. Nu ngi chp ni vn t, chp ni Thc th khng th ng c Tm. Nh th, c phi v vn t lm cho ngi sanh ra chp ng chp php, th lm sao gii thot c? P: Ci Diu dng ca Duy thc ton l ni ph chp, cho nn va lp php tng ri lin ph, khng cho ngi khi chp. Nu ni v ngi chp, th bn no cng c. Bn Duy thc tn v c vn t, nn chp vn t, chp Thc; cng nh ngi chp du chim trn giy l tht, nh th l chp php. Cn bn Thin tn th li chp cu thoi u (thin ng) hoc chp vic nh, ht l tht php, cho nn mi c: Khu u thin, D h thinv.v Th cng l chp php nh ngi chp du chim trong h khng l tht c. Ci t ny hai bn u c, u phi ch bn nh Duy thc. Chp php 12Duy thc v vn t sanh ra chp ng, chp php. Thin tn th chp vic nh, ht v cu thoi u (thin ng).

PH CH: Khu u thin l thin ch ni sung ngoi mi cht li m thi, khng c h th cng phu. D h thin l thin ca con D h (chn ng ni). V tu theo thin nh t o, khi tm chp trc nn thnh con D h. nh, ht. Xa c ngi n hi o vi mt v T s v Thin tn T s khng dy, ch dng gy nh hoc la ht m ngi c t ng. V sau c ngi chp nh th bt chc nh p lm au ngi m khng kt qu.

BI TH HAI NI V YU CH CA DUY THC (C BN ON) I. NNG V S U DUY THC Ch Duy ngha l ch hay ring mt. Ni Duy thc l ni tt c s vt hnh hnh sc sc trong v tr u khng tht c, ch do Thc bin hin; khng c mt vt no ngoi Thc. Mun r ngha ny, phi cn c trn ngha Thc l hiu bit phn bit m bn. Nh ni, sng, t, nc v.v l nhng cnh vt b (s) hiu bit phn bit; cn mt, tai, mi, li v.v ca chng ta, l ci Thc hay (nng) hiu bit phn bit. Nu khng c ni, sng l cnh vt b phn bit,th cng khng th t u m khi ra ci hay (nng) phn bit c. Tri li, nu khng c mt, tai, mi, li v.v l ci Thc hay phn bit; th cng khng th phn bit c cnh vt b phn bit. Bi th, nn nng phn bit (ci hiu bit) v s phn bit (vt b hiu bit) nh mt, khng th ri nhau; cho nn ni l Duy thc. Cng nh tnh hay chy ca nc, cng vi dng nc b chy u ng mt th, l nc. Duy thc (nc) 12Hay phn bit tnh hay chy (t) B phn bit dng nc b chy

II. CC NH TNG U DO DUY THC BIN HIN Ni Duy thc ngha l ni mun s mun vt trong th gian ny, u l ci nh tng do Duy thc bin hin, khng c mt vt no chn tht c. Cng nh trong nh ti khng c nh sng, thot t mt ngn n, thi c nh u sng, ci nh sng l gi nh ca n. Trong Thi h, khng c th gii v cc s vt, m thy c th gii v s vt l gi danh, do Duy thc bin hin. III. DO DUY THC BIN HIN, NN VNG THY C CC CNH VT HI: Th gii nu tht khng, ti sao hin nay ngi ta u thy c tht? P: Th nh trong h khng, khng c hoa m, nhng v ngi bnh (nhm) con mt, nn thy c hoa m gia h khng. V cng nh ngi mang gng xanh th thy tt c cnh vt u xanh; ngi mang gng vng thy cnh vt u vng v.v Hin nay chng phm phu, vng thy cc cnh vt u tht c, l do mt nhm c (m vng). Cho n cc nh hc gi nh khoa hc, trit hc v.v cng u thin chp mt bn cho l tht c, m bi xch v phng din khc cho l ton khng; y cng v h eo ci gng mu vy. Nay bn v Duy thc hc, tc l tr bnh nhm mt ca k phm phu v lt gng mu ca hng hc gi, nn ni thng rng Tt c mun vt u

Duy thc bin hin. Mun vt 1a) b) 2Ngi chp c: Phm phu (mt bnh) Hc gi (mang gng mu) Ngi ng Duy thc: Do Thc bin hin

IV. NH NGHA CH PHP Trong Duy thc ni mun php, tc l ngi i ni mun s mun vt. Nhng ci gii ngha ca ch mun s mun vt khng r rng v ch xc bng ch Php. V theo nh Duy thc nh ngha ch Php, l ci g n gn gi c bn th ca n, lm cho ngi ta trng n nhn bit l vt g, th ku l mt php (nhm tr t tnh, qu sanh vt gii). Cng nh ci chn trn bn y, bi n gn gi c hnh th ca n, cho nn ngi ta trng n th bit l ci chn. Phi c ngha r rng v nht nh nh th, mi gi l mt php. BI TH BA NI V CHN VNG V SANH DIT (C SU ON) I. CHNG T CA NHN SANH (HT GING CA LOI NGI) Duy thc hc l mn hc vn thc hnh; cho nn mi vn u ly nhng vic hin tin th gian chng minh. Nhng iu chng ta cn bit gp hn ht l vn : Chng ta sanh ra y, t u m n? V khi cht ri s i v u? Nay dng Duy thc hc gii thch ci nguyn do ca nhn sanh. Vy trc ht xin dn mt bi k trong Kh Kinh gii thch. Bi k ni: V th thi lai gii Nht thit php ng y. Do th hu chi th, Cp Nit bn chng c.

Ngha la: c mt ci nguyn nhn, m nguyn nhn y n c t hi no gi. Cc php u y ni sanh ra, tt c chng sanh do ni m c, qu Nit bn cng t ni y m ng. Ti sao bi k ny c th chng minh c ci nguyn do ca nhn sanh? Phi suy ngh v suy ngh tht nhiu mi hiu c. Trong bi k ni ch gii, l ch cho ci nguyn nhn, cng tc l chng t (ht ging) ca cc php. Theo Duy thc th ni: Tt c cc php, khng c mt php no chng do chng t m sanh. Loi c cy trong th gian cn do chng t sanh, th nhn loi quyt nh cng c chng t sanh. II. CC PHP C V KHNG, TH V CHUNG Cc php tuy nhiu nhng tm li c th chia ra lm ba mn: a) Hu th v hu chung. Thn th ca con ngi, do cha m sanh ra, hu th, n khi gi cht, l hu chung. b) V th v v chung. Bn th ca A li da thc v cc chng t v lu thanh tnh thun thin cha trong Thc ny, u v th v v chung. c) V th m hu chung. Ci tng (dng) ca A li da thc v cc chng t hu lu tp nhim cha trong Thc ny, u v th m hu chung. III. A LI DA THC V TH V V CHUNG Ti sao bit Thc A li da l v th v chung? V Thc ny cha nhm chng t ca cc php. Nh bi k trong Kh kinh ni Tt c cc php u y ni Thc ny (nht thit php ng y). Bi th , nn Thc ny nu c chung tn, th tt c cc php cng phi mt hn, v khng c ch nng ta. Nh th th thnh ngoi o, v chp on dit. Trong o Pht khng c ci thuyt on dit. Nn bit A li da thc quyt nh v chung. Ci loi c cy v.v u thy c bt u sanh (hu th); cn Thc A li da ny, khi chng sanh cha sanh, n nn c trc (v th), khi chng sanh cht ri n vn khng dit (v chung). Mc d chng sanh, sanh sanh t t, tri qua trm ngn mun kip, nhng trn khng th tm c ch sanh khi hay thi dt ca Thc ny, nn Thc ny khng nhng v chung m cng l v th. IV. CHN NH V V MINH NG THI C Ht ging v lu trong Thc A li da l ci chnh nhn thnh Pht, nn ku l Pht tnh cng gi l Chn nh. Cn ht ging hu lu trong Thc ny, l ci nghip nhn thnh chng sanh nn ku l phin no nghip chng cng gi l v minh.

Chn nh v v minh ci no c trc, ci no c sau, hay ng thi c? Ti thng thy trong th gian, c nhng sch v ni tng t nh sch Pht, gii thch rt lm v vn ny. Nh c nh ni Chn nh v khng bo th c t tnh, nn thot sanh mt nim v minh, (Chn nh bt th t tnh, ht sanh nht nim v minh). Ngi ni nh th, l ch trng cho Chn nh c trc, v minh c sau; Chn nh v th, cn v minh li hu th. Nu Chn nh vn l Pht m li thot sanh mt nim v minh bin thnh chng sanh; nh th thi tt c ch Pht thnh, u c th thot sanh tr li mt nim v minh m bin lm chng sanh na? Vy th mi phng ba i ca c Pht, quyt nh khng c mt v no thnh Pht c c. Gi s Pht c ni nh vy na, chng ta cng khng nn tin, v ng vi ma thuyt. Nhng, hin nay mi phng th gii quyt nh c nhng v thnh Pht m khng tr li lm chng sanh na. Vy cho bit: V minh phin no cng vi Chn nh quyt nh ng thi v c t v th. V. V MINH C CNG TN V minh tuy c t v th, nhng c khi li cng tn. Bi v, Chn nh cng vi v minh ng cha trong A li da thc. Cng nh cam l cng vi c dc ng cha trong mt ci bnh. Nu ngi n v cam l th sng cn ung nhm c dc th cht. Bt lun ngi no ai cng ham sng s cht, cho nn ngi hc Pht ct yu l on tr v minh trong A li da thc, hin hin Chn nh. Cng nh ngi nghing c dc trong bnh, lu li v cam l dng. Bi th nn bit v minh phin no, v th m hu chung. VI. CHNG SANH V TH M HU CHUNG Trong bi k trc ni: C mt nguyn nhn, m nguyn nhn y n c t hi no n gi (v th thi lai gii), tc l ch ci nguyn nhn sanh ra chng sanh, cha trong A li da thc t v th n nay. Trong bi k v cu: Tt c cc php u y nguyn nhn ny m sanh khi, nht thit php ng y). Ngha l: Tt c cc php trong th gian v xut th gian u bnh ng, y ni Thc ny m sanh ra. Trong bi k v cu: Cc ci chng sanh u t ni y m co (do th hu ch th). Ngha l: Do Thc ny cha ng cc ht ging hu lu tp nhim, ri do cc Thc ging y, n sanh khi hin hnh, thnh ra c chng sanh tri ln trong su th l: Thin, Nhn,A tu la, a ngc, Ng qu, Sc sanh. Bi th nn ni: chng sanh c t v th. Trong bi k v sau: Cng t ni y m chng ng o qu Nit bn (cp Nit bn chng c). Ngha l: Nu ht ging v lu thanh tnh khi ln (hin hnh), on tr ht v minh nghip chng, th chng Nit bn hay thnh qu Pht, nn ni chng sanh phi c cng tn. Bi th nn ngi mun bit ngun gc ca nhn sanh, m khng hc Duy thc th khng th hiu c.

BI TH T NI V TNG CA THC CHIA V HIP (C BN ON) I. CHNG T SANH RA THC Chng sanh khi mi th sanh, u y Thc A li da m ln ln tng thnh nm cn l: mt, tai, mi, li v thn, cho n khi ra khi thai. V ci tc dng ca mi Thc khng ng nn c th phn ra lm tm loi. Phm mi mt Thc no khi sanh ra, u do chng t t trong Thc A li da m sanh c. Nh khi mt xem hoa, th c mt chng t (ht ging) t trong Tng thc khi ra hin hnh, lm cho con mt c tc dng thy hoa, gi l Nhn thc (ci bit ca mt). Khi tai nghe ting , th c mt chng t t trong Tng thc khi ra hin hnh lm cho l tai c tc dng nghe ting gi l Nh thc (ci bit ca tai). Khi mi ngi mi th c mt chng t t trong Tng thc khi ra hin hnh lm cho l mi bit ngi mi, th gi l T thc (ci bit ca l mi). Cho n y Thit cn (li) khi ln ci bit nm v, gi la Thit thc (ci bit ca li), y thn cn khi ln ci bit cm xc cc vt cng, mm gi l Thn thc, (ci bit ca thn) y cn khi ln ci bit phn bit cc php trn th gi l thc. II CN L CH Y CH CA THC Thc l ci hay phn bit, cn Cn l ci kh c cha Thc. Nu Cn m khng c Thc, th khng th khi ra ci tc dng phn bit c. Cng nh ngi cht tuy c Nhn cn m khng th thy c. Cn Thc m khng c Cn, th khng c ci g cha li, d c chng t i na, cng khng th khi ra hin hnh. Nh ngi nhm mt li, ch dng tai hay mi xem hoa, th khng th thy c. III. THC TH TH CHN, M THC TNG LI TC V tng dng ca Thc tuy c tm mn; nhng nu ng v Th m ni, th ch c mt ci Thc A li da, nay dn mt bi k trong Kinh Lng Gi ni r. Bi k ni: Tm, , thc bt chng Tc c tng hu bit Chn c tng v bit Tng, s tng v c.

Ngha l: Tm, v Thc c tm mn; ng v tc th tng n c khc, cn v Chn th tng n li khng khc; v Nng tng v S tng u khng vy. Trong bi k ny ni ch Tm, tc ch cho Thc th tm A li da. Ngha ch Tm l nhm li v sanh ra. V n hay cha nhm ht ging ca cc php, ri sanh ra hin hnh nn gi l Tm. Trong bi k ni ch tc ch cho Thc th by l Mt na. Ngha ch suy ngh lo lng. V n thng suy ngh lo chp Thc A li da lm Ta, nn gi l . Trong bi k ni ch Thc, tc l ch chung cho su Thc trc: Nhn thc, Nh thc, T thc, Thit thc, Thn thc, thc. Ch Thc ngha l phn bit. V su Thc ny n c nng lc phn bit rt th thng, cho nn ku l Thc. IV. TM V THC KHNG HAI Th ca Thc th mt, m dng ca Thc th li chia ra c tm Thc, nu hip li th cn ba:Tm, v Thc. Trong bi k ni ch tc, tc l ch v phn dng ca Thc; c ba Thc hoc tm Thc v.v ring khc. Trong bi k ni ch Chn, l ch v phn th, ch c mt bn th Thc A li da, khng c ba Thc hay tm Thc ring khc. Ti sao th? -V phn thy v phn b thy u ch l Thc. Nh khi mt xem hoa, th ci phn bit l kin phn (phn thy) ca Nhn thc. Cn ci hoa b phn bit l tng phn (phn b thy) ca Nhn thc. Phn thy v phn b thy u t mt Thc m sanh, nguyn n khng tht c; cho nn bi tng ni: nng tng v s tng u khng.- Nng tng v s tng ca mt Thc cn khng, th lm g li ring c ba Thc hay tm Thc. Xt mt bi k ny, th bit Duy thc tc l Duy tm. Nn tuy bn v Thc tng c phn bit, nhng m tht ra l quy v Chn tm v phn bit. C ngi nghi rng: Duy thc khng bng Duy tm; hoc ch Duy thc ch k sung nhng danh t v hnh tng ca Thc m khng t n ch chn tm tht tng. Ph phn nh th, khng khc no nh ngi si m ni vic mng, li thm phn bit th ny xu, th n tt v.v tht ng thng xt! Thc 12Th (chn): Chn nh (nht tm) Dng (tc): Tm: A li da

: Mt na Thc: Su thc trc.

BI TH NM TM VNG V TM S TNG NG (HIP NHAU) (C BY ON) I. NGUYN DO C TM S Thc l tc dng ca tm, nh bi k trc ni. Tht ra ch c mt tm, nhng v tc dng khng ng, nn hin ra ba mn tc tng l: Tm, , Thc; hay tm mn tc tng: Nhn, Nh, T, Thit, Thn, , Mt na, A li da. Nu chnh chn xt k ci tc dng ca n, th chng nhng phn lm ba hay tm m li v s mn tc tng. Theo nh Duy thc ni: V tm mn tc tng trc, n t ti hin khi, nn gi rng Tm vng; cn cc mn tc tng tng ng (hip) vi Tm vng m sanh khi, th gi l Tm s, Mun gii thch ngha ny cho d hiu, ti xin lp mt t d di y. II. LY C CY T D CHNG T V HIN HNH Chng t ca Thc c th so snh nh ht ging ca c cy. C cy nh c ht ging mi nt mng ny chi. Gc r c cy n bm di t, c th t d nh Tng thc A li da. T gc cy trc tip sanh thn, cy- t d nh Tng thc sanh ra Thc th by l Mt na. T thn cy sanh ra su chi, chi cy to ln hn ht l d cho thc th su; cn nm chi nh hn l d cho nm Thc trc. Ngoi su chi ln cn c cc nhnh l nh hn u t trn su chi ln hoc t trn thn cy hay gc cy sanh ra. Tt c nhng nhnh l ln nh u t ni cy m c, c th t d cc Tm s ca Thc. By Thc trc, u t chng t sanh, m chng t th cha trong A li da thc, cng nh thn cy v su chi u t ht ging sanh. V chng n t ti sanh trng, sinh lc rt mnh, nn d nh tm vng. Cn bao nhiu nhnh l u y thn cy hoc gc cy sanh ra, d cho cc Tm s. Ch Tm s ngha l vt s hu ca Tm vng. III. CHNG T SANH RA HIN HNH Ci quan h ca tm vng v Tm s so snh nh c cy cho d hiu, nhng hai bn li khng ng nhau. V nhnh, l, cy u t mt ht ging sanh, cn Tm vng v Tm s mi mn u c chng t (ht ging) ring khc v u cha trong A li da thc. Mi khi mt Tm vng hay mt Tm s sanh khi, u t ht ging ring ca n m sanh khi. Khng bao gi c t chng t ca Tm vng m sanh ra Tm s hay t chng t ca Tm s m sanh ra Tm vng. Cng khng bao gi c chng t ca Tm vng ny m sanh ra Tm vng kia hay chng t ca Tm s ny sanh ra Tm s kia c. Ch ny cn phi ch , ch nn lm ln. Dng c cy t d cho Thc, tuy khng ng nhau, nhng Ngi Thanh Bin B tt, lm b Chng Trn lun c ni: Ty nng d v b d hai bn c ging nhau phn no, mn lm t d, khng phi tt c u y nh nhau c. Nh ni: mt c gi trn tra nh mt trng, khng nn chp mt c gi in ht nh mt trng.

 ni y cng vy, ty c nhng ngha ging nhau, nn tm mn cy, nhnh, l t d Tm vng vi Tm s; khng nn chp tt c Tm vng v Tm s phi in nh cy l v.v Bi th, nn phm c kinh sch gp li t d, nn phi khn kho lnh hi ch nn chp n. IV. LIT K TN CA 51 MN TM S Phm khi Tm s theo Tm vng khi, th gi l tng ng. Nhng tm mn Tm vng v tnh cht n khng ng nn nhng Tm s tng ng vi Tm vng cng c nhiu t khc nhau. Nay trc nu tn ca 51 mn Tm s: (Hc gi nn c thuc cc tn, cn ngha v say s gii.) 51 mn Tm s I. Nm mn Bin hnh: 12345Xc Tc Th Tng T

II. Nm mn Bit cnh: 12345Dc Thng gii Nim nh Hu

III. Mi mt mn Thin: 123Tn Tm Qu

456789-

V tham V sn V si Tinh tn Khinh an Bt phng dt

10- Hnh x 11- Bt hi IV. Su mn Cn bn phin no: 123456Tham Sn Si Mn Nghi c kin

V. 20 mn Ty phin no: a) 123456Tiu ty c 10: Phn Hn Ph No Tt Xan

789-

Cung Sim Hi

10- Kiu b) 12c) 12345678Trung ty c 2: V tm V qu i tu c 8: Tro c Hn trm Bt tn Gii i Phng dt Tht nim Tn lon Bt chnh tri

VI. Bn mn Bt nh: 1234Hi Min Tm T

V. CC TM S TNG NG VI TM VNG C NHIU V T Thc th Tm ch tng ng vi nm mn Tm s bin hnh.

HI: Ti sao khng tng ng vi cc mn Tm s khc? P: V Bit cnh Tm s nh Dc, n ch mong mun nhng vic ca n mun; cn Thc th Tm ny th khng c mong mun, nn khng tng ng vi Dc Tm S. - Thng gii Tm s l n rnh r nhng vic quyt nh; cn Thc th Tm ny th m mng khng rnh r, nn khng tng ng vi Thng gii Tm s. -Nim Tm s, n ch ghi nh li nhng vic qua; cn Thc ny th m mui, khng th ghi nh, nn khng tng ng vi Nim Tm s. -nh Tm s, n khin cho tm chuyn ch mt cnh; cn Thc ny th mi st na (tc tc) n duyn cnh ring khc nn khng tng ng vi nh Tm s. -Hu Tm s ch phn bit chn la nhng vic nh: Tht, c, Nghip v.v, cn Thc ny th n mng mui, nn Hu Tm s khng tng ng vi Thc ny. Thc th Tm ny, trong nhn th c thin v c, m trn qu li thuc v tnh D thc v k, nn n cng khng tng ng vi11 mn Thin tm s (thuc v tnh lnh) v 6 mn Cn bn phin no, cng 20 mn Ty phin no tm s (thuc v tnh nhim ). Bn mn Tm s Bt nh nh: - tc (hi), min, tm, t, thuc v tnh V k, li c gin on v khng phi chn D thc, nn cng khng tng ng vi Thc ny. Thc th By ch tng ng vi 18 mnTm s l: ng si, ng kin, ng mn, ng i (bn mn trong Cn bn phin no), nm mn Bin hnh, tm mn Ty phin no, cng vi mt mn Hu trong nm mn Bit cnh. HI: Ti sao Thc th By ny khng tng ng vi cc Tm s khc? P: Bi v Dc Tm s l mong mun nhng vic cha c; cn Thc th By th dn dn duyn nhng cnh hip, nn khng tng ng vi Dc tm s. Thng gii tm s l bit r nhng cnh cha tng xc nh; cn Thc th By ny t hi no n gi hng duyn nhng vic quyt nh, cho nn khng cng vi Thng gii tm s tng ng. Nim tm s l ghi nh nhng vic qua, cn Thc ny ch duyn nhng cnh hin ti, nn khng cng vi Nim tm s tng ng. nh tm s l buc tm chuyn ch mt cnh, cn Thc ny th dn dn tng st na duyn cnh ring khc, nn khng cng vi nh tm s tng ng. Mi mt mn Thin tm s, v bn th n khng nhim , cn Thc ny li hip vi nhim , nn khng cng vi 11 mn Thin tm s tng ng.

 c ng kin (chp ng) nn cc kin chp khc khng sanh, v trong mt tm nim khng c hai mn Hu phn bit. Thc ny c ng kin nn khng c bn mn kin chp khc (bin kin, t kin, kin th, gii cm th). Thc ny v quyt nh chp ng, cho nn khng c khi Nghi tm s. Thc ny v i luyn ni ng (ng i) nn chng sanh Sn tm s. Mi mn Tiu ty phin no, nh phn v.v v hnh tng n th ng, cn Thc th By ny th thm t, cho nn khng tng ng vi mi mn Tiu ty. Hai mn Trung ty l v tm v v qu thuc v bt thin, cn Thc th By ny thuc v v k tnh, nn cng khng tng ng vi Trung ty phin no. Bn mn Bt nh nh: tc (hi) l n nn vic lm qua cn Thc ny th nhm vn hng duyn cnh hin ti, khng c n nn, nn chng c tng ng vi tc. Thy min tm s l y ni thn tm m mt v cc tr duyn bn ngoi m tm sinh, cn Thc ny t v th n nay, ch chp ng bn trong, khng nh cc duyn ngoi, cho nn khng tng ng vi Thy min tm s. Tm v T hai mn tm s u y tr duyn bn ngoi m sanh Tm th suy xt th thin, cn T th suy xt thm t hn, ri mi tht ra li ni. Thc th By ny ch y bn trong m sanh, chuyn v chp ng, cho nn khng cng vi Tm, T tng ng. Thc th Su v n rng duyn trong, ngoi v cc php ba i, cho nn n tng ng vi 51 mn Tm s. Nm Thc trc ch tng ng vi 34 mn Tm s l: nm mn Bin hnh, nm mn Bit cnh, mi mt mn Thin, ba mn Cn bn phin no l: tham, sn, si; hai mn Trung ty l: v tm, v qu v tm mn i ty phin no.

HI: Ti sao nm Thc trc khng tng ng vi Tm s khc? P: V mn, nghi, c kin ba mn cn bn phin no ny u do hai mn: 1-Ty nim phn bit, 2-K t phn bit m sanh.

Li na mn l do so snh m sanh, cn nghi l do chn la m sanh. Nm Thc trc u khng c nhng hnh tng ny, cho nn khng tng ng vi Mn v Nghi v.vTiu ty phin no 10 mn, v hnh tng no th mnh, cn nm Thc trc th tinh t hn, nn khng cng vi 10 mn Tiu ty tng ng. Hi v Min hai mn tm s ny u do gng nh v gia hnh m sanh khi; cn nm Thc trc khng c cc hnh tng ny, cho nn chng tng ng. Tm v T u duyn danh t v cu vn m sanh, cn nm Thc ny khng duyn danh t v cu vn, cho nn chng tng ng. Tm vng v Tm s tng ng

Thc th Tm, tng ng nm mn Tm s Bin hnh. Thc th By, tng ng mi tm mn Tm s: bn mn Cn bn, nm mn Bin hnh, tm mn i ty v mt mn Hu trong Bit cnh. Thc th Su, tng ng vi 51 mn Tm s. Nm Thc trc tng ng vi 34 mn Tm s: 5 mn Bin hnh, 5 mn Bit cnh, 11 mn Thin, 3 mn hoc Cn bn, 2 mn Trung ty v 8 mn i ty. VI. NH NGHA CH TNG NG Trong 51 mn Tm s, chng nhng ty theo Tm vng sanh khi, m gi l Tng ng, chnh Tm s vi Tm s ng thi sanh khi, cng gi l tng ng. - Ch Tng ng ngha l ha hip, hay khng tri nhau. Cng nh quan vng lnh vua, t vng lnh ch, ng lm mt vic, gi l ha hip khng tri. Khi ti t ny cng vi ti t kia ng lm mt vic, cng gi l ha hip khng tri nhau (tng ng). Trong Thnh Duy Thc Lun, gii ngha ch Tng ng c ni rng: Tuy hnh tng khc nhau, nhng ng mt thi, ng y mt ch, ng cnh s duyn v ng mt vic (s) th gi l Tng ng. Ngha l Tm vng v Tm s hoc Tm s v Tm s, tuy hnh tng nng duyn mi mn khng ng, nhng c hai u ng thi, ng y mt ch, ng cnh s duyn hoc ng t th s tng, th u gi l tng ng. Ni ng cnh s duyn, ngha l: ng duyn mt cnh. Ni ng s tng ngha l: Tm vng v Tm s mi mn u y mt t th, khng c nhiu t v so le. Hoc Tm s v Tm s, khi cng nhau ng thi, ng y mt ch, ng duyn mt cnh v ng mt s tng, th u gi l tng ng. T d nh khi con mt thy hoa, thot sanh mt tm nim tham xem hoa, th gi l tham Tm s cng vi Nhn thc Tm vng tng ng. Nu ng khi y, khi ln mt tm nim si m, th tm nim si m ny, cng vi tm nim tham, ng mt st na, ng y mt cn, ng duyn mt cnh v mu mn u y mt t th, cng c gi l Tng ng. Ch Tm s vi Tm s kia tnh cht khng ng v cng khng ng thi khi, th gi l bt tng ng. D nh khi tham xem hoa, khng th ng trong mt st na khi ln tm sn, bi v tnh tham th a mun, cn tnh sn th ganh ght, rt tri nhau; cng nh hai ngi, mt ngi tnh nh la, mt ngi tnh nh nc, th khng th lm bn vi nhau c, cho nn cng khng tng ng. VII. DN SCH V NGOI I, GII THCH NI IN Hnh tng ca mi Tm s, quyn trc tuy cha n r, nhng ti gii thch trong quyn Duy Thc D Ging ri, cho nn y ti khng ni thm. Nay ti phng lc dn cc sch v ngoi, chng minh mt hai on. Nh sch i hc ni Tu thn tht ra l lm cho tm mnh c chn chnh. Nh ni: C gin d , thi tm khng chn chnh; c s hi, thi tm khng chn chnh; c a mun, thi tm khng chn chnh; c lo bun, thi tm khng chn chnh.

Bn sch i hc ni ch Tm, bn Duy thc hc nich Thc, tc l Tm vng. Bn sch i hc ni: lm cho tm mnh c chn chnh tc l bn Duy thc ni khin cho tm Thc Tm vng lm ch c t ti, khng chinh nghing, th gi l tu thn vy. S d tm Tm thc Tm vng b chinh nghing khng c t ti v t ch, u doTm s ko dn. Tm s c thin, c v v k ba tnh khng ng. Thin tm s cng nh v Trung thn, thng gip vi Tm vng bnh tr thin h. c tm s cng nh v gian thn, thng xi Tm vng lm nhiu lon trong nc. V k tm s cng nh cc ng Quan bt ti, khng th gip vi Tm vng lm thin hay lm c, nn khng c ting khen m cng khng b ai ch. Trong sch i hc ni: Tm c gin d tc bn Duy thc ni: Phn tm s. Trong sch i hc ni: Tm s hi, tc bn Duy thc hc ni Kh th tm s trong nm mn Bin hnh. (Th c nm: -Kh th, -Lc th, -u th, -H th, - X th.) Phm c s hi l kh th. Phm c a mun, tc l tham tm s trong su mn cn bn phin no. Sch i hc ni: lo bun tc l bn Duy thc ni: u th tm s. B cc Tm s n ko dn Tm vng, khng nghing bn ny th cng ng bn kia, cho nn khng c chn chnh. Bn sch Nho ni v Nhn, Ngha, L, Tr v Tn tc bn Duy thc ni v Thin tm s. Thy Mnh ni: Tm trc n l u mi ca lng Nhn; tm bit h thn l u mi ca vic Ngha, tm bit t nhng l u mi ca L, tm bit phi chng l u mi ca Tr. Bn Nho ni tm trc n tc bn Duy thc ni tm s bt hi trong thin tm s. Bn Nho ni tm h thn tc bn Duy thc ni tm s tm qu trong thin tm s. Bn Nho ni tm t nhng tc bn Duy thc ni tm s v sn. Bn Nho ni tm bit th phi tc bn Duy thc ni tm s v vi.

HI: Ti sao bit bn mn trn u l Tm s m khng phi l Tm vng. P: Tm vng cng nh ng vua trong chn lp lu i su xa, ch ra hiu lnh, ch khng phi t ra lm cc vic c. Phi c Tm s th mnh lnh ca Tm vng mi ra lm cc vic nh: Nhn, Ngha, L, Tn, Tr. Bi cc Tm vng khng t to tc c cc nghip lnh v d, ch do Tm s gip cho Tm vng mi to thnh; m Tm s lc no cng vng mnh lnh ca Tm vng. Bi th nn i xa cc v Minh qun u do rnh r tm php, cho nn nc nh mi c thnh tr. Nh li truyn ni: Vua Nghiu vua Thun dui (x) tay o, m thin h vn thnh tr. c Khng t cng ni: Vua Thun ngi khoanh tay khng lm (khng cai tr) m thin h vn thnh tr. Bi v vua Thun bit y theo Tm vng m tr. Cho bit:

khng lm (v vi) m c thnh tr, l lun theo ngha Duy thc; nu chng thun theo Duy thc, th quyt khng th thnh tr c. Bi ngha l ca Duy thc rt su rng, k s hc kh nhp, nn ti phng tin dn sch ngoi ging gii. Mi khi dn sch ngoi gii thch, th b ngi ch l li ph hi, lm cho ngi i chp ngn tay m qun mt trng. Ch ny cn phi ch : phm ph hi l ly ch cn m ph cho ch su, cng nh con rui nh u trn lng con nga m i c n phng xa. Nay Pht gio cao tt, khng cn Php no hn, cho nn khng c ci l ph hi. S d dn chng sch v th tc, l phng tin dn dt ngi thp km. Phi bit cc phng tin quyn xo, cng nh ci b a ngi qua sng, khi ln b ri th phi b ci b. Cn cc phng tin l a ngi n ch chn tht, khi ngi thy c l chn tht ri, th phi b nhng phng tin. Bi th, nn ngi c sch ny, mi khi gp dn cc sch ngoi gii thch, ch nn chp l tht php. BI TH SU GII THCH BN PHN (C BN ON) I. NI V KIN PHN (PHN THY) V TNG PHN (PHN B THY) Quyn trc ni mi Tm vng v Tm s u c bn phn, song lc ni v kin phn (phn thy) v tng phn (phn b thy) ri, nay li gii thch thm. Trong Duy thc ni ch duyn l ch cho ci ny vi ci kia c lin quan vi nhau. Nh anh A khi tc dng ch quan mun lin quan vi anh B, th ci tc dng ch quan ca anh A, gi l nng duyn, cn ci tc dng khch quan ca anh B b duyn th gi l s duyn.

HI: Tm Thc Tm vng v cc Tm s, mi mn u c bn phn nh th no? P: 1- Tng phn, tc l phn b thy. Phm nhng vt c hnh tng, chng ta c th thy c nh: Tri, t, ngi, vt v.v thuc v phn khch quan, th gi l tng phn. 2- Kin phn, tc l phn thy. Tc l ci tc dng thy, nghe v.v ca Nhn thc, Nh thc v.v ca chng ta vy; y thuc v phn ch quan. Hai phn ny (tng phn v kin phn ) bn ngoi. Phm khi no Thc khi ln, th u c hai phn: mt phn khch quan l cnh gii b duyn v mt phn ch quan l nng duyn (phn bit). Nh hai phn ny, chng ta mi c cng nng hiu bit c mun s mun vt trong v tr v mun s mun vt li c

ci tc dng cho chng ta hiu bit. Th gii nh y m thnh, x hi cng do y m lp. Bn Duy thc gi l kin phn ng vi bn Trit hc gi l phn nhn thc. Bn Duy thc gi l tng phn ng vi bn Trit hc gi l phn hin tung. II. NI V PHN T CHNG Th ba l phn t chng, phn ny c cng nng duyn kin phn v chng minh cho kin phn c sai lm hay khng. T nh khi chng ta c sch, th sch l d cho tng phn, cn c l d cho kin phn. Ri khi ln mt nim kho st: chng ta c y l phi hay quy? Mt nim kho st ny l d cho phn t chng. Phn kin (thy) v phn tng (b thy) u ngoi, cn phn t chng li trong; trc phi c phn trong lm cn bn, ri sau mi khi ra phn bn ngoi c. Nh sch Nho ni: C bn trong mi by ra bn ngoi. Trong Thnh Duy Thc lun ni: T Thc th l phn t chng, chuyn sanh ra in nh nhai phn ngoi l kin v tng. Phn t chng cng ku l phn t th nh con c hng (oa ngu) d cho phn t chng n sinh ra hai ci vi d cho kin phn v tng phn. III. PHN CHNG T CHNG Phn th t l chng t chng. Phn ny c cng nng duyn qua phn t chng chng minh phn t chng kia c sai lm hay khng, nn gi l chng t chng phn. Nh on trn th d: khi c sch, khi ln mt nim kho st vic c y l phi hay quy. Ri khi ln mt nim na kho st li s kho st trc ca mnh c ng hay khng? Phn kho st ti hu ny gi lchng t chng n trong ht v lm ch nng ta cho phn t chng. IV. L DO LP RA BN PHN S d thnh lp ra bn phn, l v mun thnh lp s duyn (b duyn). Bi kin phn duyn qua tng phn, tng phn l ci b duyn (s duyn) khng c tc dng nng duyn, nn khng th duyn c kin phn, v th nn phi c phn th ba l phn t chng duyn qua kin phn. Kin phn ngoi khng th duyn c bn trong v ci tc dng ca kin phn hu vng, cho nn khng th duyn c tht th l phn t chng, v vy m quyt nh phi c phn th t l chng t chng, duyn qua phn th ba l t chng.

HI: Vy th phn chng t chng ly ci g lm nng duyn? P: Phn th ba l phn t chng, trong li c tht th, cho nn c th tr li duyn phnchng t chng; bi th nn phn th ba l t chng v phn th t l chng t chng, hp tc chung duyn cng nhau, v vy m th v dng ca Thc ch

lp bn phn th y , khng thm khng bt. BI TH BY NI V CHNG TNH V HUN TP (C MI ON) I. NI V HAI MN TNH 12Sn c. Mi sanh.

Bn sch Nho ni Tnh, tc bn Duy thc gi lChng t (ht ging). Chng t c hai th: Sn c v mi sanh. Trong kinh Pht ni: Tt c loi hu tnh, t v th n gi, c rt nhiu gii. Ch gii tc l bit danh ca chng t (ht ging). y l loi Bn tnh tr chng (chng tnh sn c) cng gi l Bn hu chng t (chng t sn c). Trong Thnh Duy Thc Lun ni: Cng c th chngt, t hi no n gi, do hun tp m c, li thng thng hin khi. c Th Tn cn c theo loi chng t ny nn ni: Tm ca loi hu tnh, l ch hun tp ca cc php nhim v tnh. V n c th cha nhm v lng chng t mi, nn gi l Tp s thnh chng,(chng t do hun tp m thnh) cng gi l Th khi chng t (ging mi sinh). Hai loi chng t ny, mi th u c ba tnh: Lnh d v khng lnh d. Th hon ton lnh l thanh tnh, khng b tp nhim gi l V lu chng t. Th lnh hoc d v c tp nhim, th gi l Hu lu chng t. Chng t (ht ging) 1a) b) 2a) b) Ging sn c Hu lu V lu Ging mi sanh Hu lu V lu

II. NM MN TNH KHC NHAU

c Khng T ni: Tnh tng cn, (tnh ca ngi gn nhau) tc bn Duy Thc ni Chng tnh sn c (bn tnh tr chng). c Khng t ni: Tp tng vin v tp luyn nn xa nhau tc bn Duy Thc ni: Chng tnh mi sinh (tp s thnh chng). Thy Mnh ni: Ngi mi sanh tnh lnh. Ni nh th l ch cho ging lnh sn c th phi; cn nhng ging c sn c th khng ng. Thy Tun ni: Ngi mi sanh tnh c. Ni nh vy th ch cho ging c mi sinh l phi, cn nhng ngi ging lnh mi sanh th khng ng, v thy Mnh v thy Tun ni n tnh,nhng u khng bit ci ngha chng t (ht ging). Duy c ng Cao T ni: Tnh ngi khng phi thin v c. Ong Dng T li ni: Tnh ngi lnh v d ln ln. Hai ng ny ni tnh, th gn vi bn Duy thc ni ngha chng t thng c 3 tnh. (Thin, c v v k). Pht cn c theo s c ht ging v lu hay khng, m phn chia tt c chng sanh ra lm nm loi chng tnh: 1- V chng tnh (khng c ging v lu): V nhng chng sanh ny, ch hay pht tm lm nhng vic pht tm lm nhng vic phc thin th gian, nh bc cu, p ng v.v mong c cu phc bu ci Ngi v ci Tri, ch to phc nghip v hu lu, khng c chng t v lu, nn gi l V chng tnh. 2- Thinh vn chng tnh: V nhng chng sanh ny, ch nghe theo l T ca Pht m ng o, nn gi l Thinh vn tnh. 3- c gic chng tnh: V nhng chng sanh ny, ch t mnh liu ng 12 duyn sinh, m c thnh o, nn gi l c gic tnh. Thinh vn v c gic, tuy u c pht hin ht ging v lu, nhng v hai hng ny ch on tr ng chp, cha on c php chp, cha on c php chp, nn gi chung l Nh tha chng tnh. 4- i tha chng tnh: V nhng ngi ny pht tm Pht, rng tu lc , on tr ng chp v php chp, quyt nh thnh Pht, nn gi l Pht chng tnh. 5- Bt nh chng tnh: V nhng chng sanh ny, sn c ht ging v lu v hu lu, nu gp i tha gio ha th thnh Pht, cn gp Nh tha gio ha th thnh Thinh vn v Duyn gic, v tnh bt nh, nn gi l Bt nh chng tnh. Nm chng tnh V chng tnh (khng c ging v lu) tc l Nhn v Thin. Thinh vn chng tnh. Duyn gic chng tnh.

i tha chng tnh (B tt). Bt nh chng tnh (khng nht nh i tha hay tiu tha). Mn u gi l V chng tnh, ngha l khng c chng tnh v lu. Bn mn sau gi l Hu chng tnh ngha l c chng tnh v lu. c Khng T ni: Duy c bc thng tr v k h ngu, th tnh khng i di. Trong kinh Pht ni: Khng chng tnh tc l c Khng T ch cho k h ngu, tnh khng i di. Trong kinh ni Thinh vn, Duyn gic v Pht chng tnh, tc l c Khng T ni bc Thng tr, tnh khng di i. Cng c th ni: Nhng hng V chng tnh l v h m chp ni ng v php vy. Hng Thinh vn v Duyn gic tuy ph tr c ng chp nhng cn php chp , nn cng cn thuc v hng h ngu khng di i. Duy c bc i tha B tt ph tr ng chp v php chp, ng Nht thit chng tr, nn gi l bc Tr khng di i. c Khng T ni: Tnh tng cn, tp tng vin (Tnh ca mi ngi th gn nhau nhng v s hun tp m xa nhau) l ch cho nhng ngi gn gi i tha th hun tp theo i tha, cn gn gi Tiu tha th hun tp theo Tiu tha, tnh khng nht nh, nn gi l Bt nh chng tnh. III. CHNG T HU LU V V LU Chng t tuy cha trong Thc th Tm, nhng khng phi c hnh th ring khc, n chnh l tng phn ca Thc th Tm. Tnh cht ca chng t hu lu th ng vi tnh cht ca Thc th Tm l v k (khng nht nh thin hay c). Nu cn c theo ci nhn to trong qu kh v ci qu s sanh trong v lai ca chng t hu lu m lun th thng c ba tnh l: Thin, c v v k. Cn tnh cht ca chng t v lu th thun thin khng thuc v c v v k, cho nn khng ng tnh cht vi Bn Thc (Thc th Tm). Trong Thnh Duy Thc Lun ni: Cc chng t hu lu cng vi Bn th ca Thc th Tm khng khc, v u thuc v tnh v k. Nhng nhn v qu ca chng t u c thin, c v v k. Cn cc chng t v lu th khng phi thuc v tnh v k nh Thc D thc (Thc th Tm), v nhn v qu ca chng t v lu l thuc v tnh thin, nn ch gi l Thin.

Tnh cht ca chng t: Hu lu chng: - Nhn v qu ca hu lu chng t, th thng c 3 tnh: Thin, c v v k. - Khi chng t trong Tng thc, th ng tnh v k vi D thc thc. V lu chng: - Tnh thun thin.

- Khng ng tnh vi D thc thc. on ny c th lm t d: Nh nc cha trong bin , cng vi bin khng khc; cng nh chng t cha trong Tng thc, cng vi Tng thc khng khc. Cn nc trm sng (l ci nhn chy v bin), th tnh cht ca n mn, lt, trong, c khng ng; d nh ci nhn ca chng t c ba tnh: Thin, c v v k. n khi nc trm sng chy v bin, th ng tnh vi nc bin. D nh cc php khi hun vo D thc thc, th ng tnh v k nh D thc thc. Nu nc bin chy ra trm sng, th thnh tnh nc sng, c trong, c, mn, lt khng ng, l d cho khi chng t khi ra qu (hin hnh) cng c ba tnh l: Thin, c v v k. Duy c cc loi chu ngc qu bu cha trong bin, th trc sau u qu, khng phi tnh cht tp nhim ca bin c th so snh c. D nh cc chng t v lu cha trong Tng thc, nhn v qu u thun thin, khng phi ng tnh cht tp nhim vi Tng thc. Tng thc (bin) 1- Hu lu chng (d nc bin) a) Cc php hun vo Tng thc (sng chy vo bin). b) Chng t khi ra hin hnh (bin chy ra sng). ng c ba tnh: Thin, c v v k (u hu lu) 2- V lu chng (d chu ngc) Tnh thun thin v lu, khc vi Tng thc (nh chu ngc, khng ng tnh tp nhim vi bin). IV. TNH NGI CHNG PHI VN LNH Th tc truyn nhau hc quyn Tam t kinh, cu khi u ni rng: Ngi mi sinh, tnh vn lnh (nhn chi s, tnh bn thin) tc l y theo thuyt Thy Mnh ni ngi tnh lnh. Khi gi l tnh, th quyt nh khng di i. Nu qu tht tnh ngi vn lnh, ti sao trong th gian cn c ngi c? Li na, tnh ngi vn lnh, th khng cn phi gio ha, ti sao c Khng, thy Mnh v cc v Nho gia i sau cn chp kinh sch rt nhiu li dy i lm g? V tnh ca ngi nu u l Thin, th trong Tam t kinh nn ni rng tnh ng nhau m khng c ni tnh gn nhau (tnh tng cn). Li na, ny tnh ngi quyt nh l lnh, th n khng thay i, cng nh ngc

Kim cng khng hoi; ti sao trong Tam t kinh ni: V tp luyn m n xa nhau (tp tng vin)? V. TRONG TAM T KINH NI V TP LUYN NN XA NHAU (TP TNG VIN) TC L BN DUY THC NI NGHA CH HUN TP Trong Tam t kinh ni: Tnh ngi gn nhau, v tp luyn nn xa nhau (tnh tng cn, tp tng vin). l theo thuyt ca c Khng T, so vi l Duy Thc khng tri. Nh Duy thc ni: Tnh ca Thc A li da l v ph v k. C th ni: l ngha tng cn (gn nhau) nh bn sch Tam t kinh. Thc A li da ny li hm cha tt c ht ging (chng t) lnh d; ri t ht ging ny li pht khi hin hnh (pht hin ra hnh tng) sanh ra tt c cc php. Cc php hin hnh tr li hun tp vo Tng thc, thnh ra chng t; ri t chng t , li khi hin hnh na v.v Bi cng nhau hun tp nh vy, nn t tnh gn nhau (tnh tng cn) ri ln hi xa nhau (tp tng vin), cng l l tt nhin vy. VI. HUN SANH, HUN TRNG Nay ni m t d, ch r hnh trng ca s hun tp. Nh hin nay chng ta nghe Pht php: t Nh thc nghe ting ni php, ri hun tp vo Tng thc. Nu trong Tng thc t hi no n gi khng c chng t (ht ging) Pht php, nay bt u t y, dn dn hun vo mi thnh ht ging v lu (pht php) th gi l hun sanh (hun tp mi sanh). Cn trong Tng thc nu sn c ht ging Pht php, hm nay do nghe Pht php hun thm vo Tng thc, lm cho trng thnh ht ging v lu, th gi l hun trng (hun tp trng thnh). Ngoi ra nh nghe nhng ting dm v.v hun tp vo Tng thc thnh ht ging hu lu vy. Hun tp Hun sanh (mi sanh): mi nghe Pht php. Hun trng (trng thnh): c th ging Pht php c. VII. CHNG T KHI HIN HNH C CHM V MAU Chng t khi mi hun sanh, lc lng cn yu, nh ht u cha gi, d gp tr duyn cng khng th pht khi ra hin hnh c. Cn chng t hun tp lu, c trng thnh, th lc lng n rt mnh, cng nh ht u gi, va gp tr duyn th lin pht khi ra hin hnh. Trong th gian nhng ngi mi nghe Pht php, khng th ging lin li c, v trong Tng thc ca h t hi no n gi khng c ht ging Pht php, hm nay mi va hun sanh, nn khng th khi lin ra hin hnh (qu) c.

Cn ngi nghe Pht php c i ba k, c th ni li c, th bit ngi ny, trc kia c hun sanh ht ging v lu (Pht php), hm nay li hun trng, cho nn mi pht khira hin hnh c. Nu nh ngi mi va nghe Pht php qua mt ln, m lin ging li c, nh c Lc T Hu Nng nghe tng Kinh Kim Cang, lin c i ng v v th bit nhng bc ny, sn c ht ging v lu rt mnh, cho nn khi gp thun duyn, mt phen hun tp vo, lin pht khi ra hin hnh. VIII. NIM PHT HUN THNH HT GING PHT (V LU) Do ngha hun tp ny, nn cng c th ni r li ch s nim Pht, khng lun ngi no, hoc sn c ht ging v lu hay khng c, min bo h nim mt cu A di da Pht, th ci nim ny lin hun vo Tng thc. Nu ngi no trong Tng thc khng c ht ging v lu, th n hun vo lm cho sanh ra, cn ngi no trong Tng thc c ht ging v lu, th n hun vo lm cho trng thnh. Hun tp nh vy, t mt nim cho n ngn mun nim, t mt ngy cho n ngn mun ngy, ln ln hun tp ht ging v lu mi pht sinh hay trng thnh. Khi ht ging v lu cha y trong Tng thc ri, th khng cn ch no dung cha ging hu lu na, c nhin ht ging hu lu phi t tiu dit, lc by gi ch thun mt th v lu. Cng nh t rung khi cy m la y ht ri, th c khng th pht sanh c. Do ngha ny nn ngi i thng ni: Dng nim Pht tr vng nim.Ni nh vy l khng r ngha nim Pht. V phng php nim Pht thng thi khi chnh nim, lm cho vng nim khng th xen vo. IX. CHNG T V HIN HNH CNG NHAU LM NHN, QU Chng t v hin hnh thay i nhau lm nhn, qu. Nh trong Tng thc ca chng ta y sn cha chng t Pht php (nhn), cho nn nay mi khi hin hnh l ni php cho chng sanh nghe (qu). Nh th gi l Chng t sanh hin hnh. Li na, chng sanh hin nghe php l nhn, hun vo Tng thc thnh ht ging Pht l qu. Nn gi l: Hin hnh hun chng t. Cho bit: Chng t v hin hnh c th cng nhau lm nhn lm qu. Nhn qu i nhau 1. Chng t sanh hin hnh: Nhn: Chng t Qu: Hin hnh 2. Hin hnh hun chng t:

Nhn : Hin hnh Qu: Chng t X. NHN V QU NG THI V KHC THI Phm chng t hay hin hnh t n sanh hay tr gip nhau sanh, u gi l nhn, qu c. Nhn vi Qu c th ng thi trc tip sanh hay khc thi gin tip sanh. Nh chng t sanh hin hnh v hin hnh hun chng t, th chng t vi hin hnh quyt phi ng thi v tng ng nn gi l ng thi nhn qu. Trong Thnh Duy Thc ni: Chng t sanh hin hnh, hin hnh hun chng t, ba php (chng, hin, hnh) p i sanh nhau, nh ci cn gi hai u, bn ny cao th ng thi bn kia thp, nn gi l nhn qu ng thi. Khi php hin hnh ny vi php hin hnh kia, gip nhau sanh khi, th gi l hin sanh hin; cng l ng thi nhn qu. Cn khi chng t vi chng t, ng loi sanh nhau, th gi l chng sanh chng. Chng t trc dit, chng t sau mi sanh, tt tc tng tc. Nh ngi i ng, phi chn trc bc i ri, chn sau mi bc n, khng th ng thi c, nn gi l d thi nhn qu. Nhn v qu 1. Nhn qu ng thi v trc tip Chng sanh Hin Hin hun Chng Hin sanh hin 2. Nhn qu d thi v gin tip Chng sanh chng DUY THC HC TP III DUY THC PHNG TIN M QUYN H (Tip Theo) Tc gi: NG I VIN Dch gi: THCH THIN HOA BI TH TM NI V 10 DUYN, 4 NHN V 5 QU (C 3 ON) HI: Cc php, mi php u c chng t (ht ging) ring, ti sao khng sanh khi mt lt; li c ci sanh trc ci sanh sau, n v hin sai khc nh th?

P: V cc php khng nhng c nhn mi sanh ra qu, m cn phi nh cc duyn chung quanh gip mi sanh ra qu c. Nay phng tin ni 10 nhn, 4 duyn v 5 qu. I. NI V 10 NHN Sao gi l Nhn? Nh trc ni: Chng t vi hin hnh, cng nhau lm nhn. Nay y theo tnh cht sai khc ca nhn, tm li chia lm 10 nhn. 1. Ty thuyt nhn. Tt c cc php u c danh t (tn) cho nn ngi ta mi nh tng ci tn ca n v ku l vt g. Nh nhn ci tn la bp v.v ngi ta mi ku gi l la bp. Bi nhn theo danh t m ku gi, nn gi l Ty thuyt nhn. \ 2. Qun i nhn. Nhn qun st v ch i cng dng ca s vt. Nh qun st ci tay c cng dng cm nm nn ngi ta to ra ci ch i ci cng dng cm nm, khi thy hay ngh n ci tay: nn gi l Qun i nhn. 3. Khin dn nhn. - Tt c cc php, ni chng t ca n sn c ci ng lc ko dn, lm cho pht sanh ra qu v sau, nn gi l Khin dn nhn. 4. Nhip th nhn. Nhn thu nhip np th. Tc l tr chng t ra, cn bao nhiu cc duyn tr gip, lm cho chng t sanh khi, th gi l Nhip th nhn. 5. Sanhkhi nhn. Nh t ht ging sanh khi ra mng, chi v.v 6. Dn pht nn. Nh t mng chi, dn sanh ra nhnh l, t nhnh l dn sanh ra hoa tri cho n khi gi v chn. 7. nh bit nhn. Ging loi ny nht nh khc vi ging loi kia. Nh ging khc vi la, u khc vi m v.v 8. ng s nhn. _ T nhn th 2 l Qun i, nhn th 3 l Khin dn, th 4 l Nhip th, th 5 l Sanh khi, th 6 l Dn pht v th 7 l nh bit, tt c c 6 nhn. V 6 nhn ny chung lm mt vic, nn gi l ng s nhn. 9. Tng vi nhn. y l cc nghch duyn lm chng ngi nhng vt ng pht sinh. Nh la m ang tt li gp nng hn kh khan v.v 10. Bt tng vi nhn. y l nhng thun duyn gip thm, lm cho cc vt c mau pht trin. Nh ma phn gi bc, lm cho la m thm tt. Trong 10 Nhn ny, tm li phn lm hai loi: 1. Nng sanh nhn. Tc l nhn th 3 (khin dn nhn) v nhn th 5 (sanh khi nhn). V hai nhn ny c cng nng hay sanh khi, nn gi chung l Nng sanh nhn. 2. Phng tin nhn. Nhng phng tin ph gip lm cho chng t khi sanh. Trong 10 Nhn trn, tr ra khin dn v sanh khi hai nhn, cn li tm nhn, chung gi l Phng tin nhn. (Xem biu sau y) 1-Khin dn nhn (nhn th ba) 2-Sanh khi nhn (nhn th 5) 2 nhn ny, chung gi l Nng sanh nhn.

3-Ty thuyt nhn (nhn th 1) 4-Qun i nhn (nhn th 2) 5-Nhip th nhn (nhn th 4) 6-Dn pht nhn (nhn th 6) 7-nh bit nhn (nhn th 7) 8-ng s nhn (nhn th 8) 9-Tng vi nhn (nhn th 9) 10-Bt tng vi nhn (nhn th 10) 1- Qun i nhn 2- Khin dn nhn 3- Nhip th nhn 4- Sanh khi nhn 5- Dn pht nhn 6- nh bit nhn II NI V 4 DUYN 1. Nhn duyn (ci duyn thuc v duyn). Tt c cc php, t chng t khi ra hin hnh, hoc t hin hnh hun tr li thnh chng t, u do chng t lm nhn, ri trc tip sanh ra qu. Nh ht ging bp sanh ra cy bp, ht ging u sanh ra cy u v.v gi ht ging l Nhn duyn. 2. ng v gin duyn (ci duyn bnh ng tng tc khng gin on). y l ni tm Thc hin hnh cng vi cc Tm s, mi nim sanh dit lun lun khng c gin on. Hnh trng sanh dit ca n: khi nim trc va dit, th n trnh ng dn dt nim sau sanh ra. V sanh dit tng tc nh vy, trc sau bnh ng, khng c vt g chen vo lm gin on, nn gi l ng v gin duyn. 3. S duyn duyn (ci duyn thuc v s duyn). Ni mt cch tm gn l: mi Thc, khi kin phn duyn qua tng phn, th gi kin phn l nng duyn, tng phn l s duyn. Hip li hai phn ny, ku l s duyn duyn. Nu y theo sch v Duy thc ni, th phi nhng vt g c tht th, nh Tm vng v Tm s, n cp hp ci 6 nhn ny, chung gi l ng s nhn. 8 nhn ny, chung gi l Phng tin nhn.

tng phn ca n, c s l (b phn bit) v ni g nng (s thc) pht sanh, mi gi l S duyn duyn. Nh Nhn thc duyn (thy) ci hoa gia h khng; tuy c cp tng phn ca hoa, nh th cng gi l c s l. Nhng ci hoa gia h khng khng c tht th, nn khng c ch g nng cho Nhn thc pht sanh (khng c s thc); cho nn c th ku l duyn m khng th gi l S duyn. Tri li, nh ci gng chiu cnh vt, trong gng c bng cnh vt; nh th l c cp ci tng phn v cng c th g nng ni (tng phn) pht sanh phn bit (c s thc). Nhng, ci gng khng c phn bit (duyn l) nn khng th phn bit c vt g c.Bi th nn c th gi l s duyn, m khng th gi l duyn. Phi c hai ngha: 1-b phn bit (s l) v 2-ni g nng (s thc) mi ku l S duyn duyn. Nay ni mt t d ch r ngha S duyn duyn. Nh ci bnh hoa trn bn y l vt c tht th; khi Nhn thc xem ci bnh hoa, th Tm vng v Tm s ca Nhn thc u c cp ci tng bnh hoa, nh th ku l thy bnh hoa. Khi hnh tng ca bnh hoa, n lm ch cho Nhn thc nng ni m pht sanh phn bit, v cng lm ci ch phn bit (s l) ca Nhn thc; nn gi ci bnh hoa ny l S duyn duyn ca Nhn thc. Song S duyn duyn ny c hai loi: a) Thn s duyn duyn Nh mi Thc, t ly kin phn duyn qua tng phn bn trong ca n; bi duyn trc tip nh vy, nn gi l Thn s duyn duyn. b) S s duyn duyn -Nh Thc kia bin, ri thc ny nng ni bn cht duyn li. D nh Tng thc bin ra tng phn l sn h i a; ri Nhn thc duyn ni tng phn ca Tng thc lm bn cht, tr li bin ra ci tng phn duyn, nh th l Nhn thc gin tip duyn tng phn ca Tng thc, nn tng phn ca Tng thc l S s duyn duyn ca Nhn thc. 4. Tng thng duyn. Phm nhng php c tht th, khng thuc v ba duyn trc, th thuc v Tng thng duyn. Tng thng duyn l nhng duyn ph tr tng thm. C hai lai: a) Thun tng thng duyn. - Nh la m v.v t ht ging ca n sanh ra, li nh phn nc v.v gip thm, lm cho la m kia c ti tt; th phn nc l Thun tng thng duyn ca la m. b) Nghch tng thng duyn. Nh nng hn nc kh, lm cho la m khng ln ni, th nng hn nc kh l Nghch tng thng duyn ca la m. III. NI V NM QU

1. D thc qu. Nh i trc to nghip nhn lnh hay d, khi cht ri Thc A li da i lnh th thn qu bo i sau. Thn qu bo ny gi l Di thc qu, tnh n thuc v v k. (Khng nht nh thin hay c). 2. ng lu qu. Nh i trc to nghip lnh hay d, i nay trn bo thn ny, phi chu qa kh hay vui; v bnh ng lu xut nh vy, nn gi l ng lu qu. 3. Ly h qu. Do y theo Pht php tu hnh m c xa la phin no rng buc, nn gi l Ly h qu. 4. S dng qu. Nhng ngh nghip nh nng, cng, thng v.vdo k s phu dng cng pht minh, mi c kt qu l ti li; nn gi l S dng qu. 5. Tng thng qu. Cc tr duyn tng thm. Nh Nhn cn lm Tng thng duyn pht sanh ra Nhn thc; th ku Nhn cn (con mt) l Tng thng qu ca Nhn thc. Cho n cn lm Tng thng qu ca thc v thn th ca chng sanh khng h hoi, l Tng thng qu ca Mng cn. BI TH CHN NI V BA LNG V BA CNH (C BA ON) Phm khi no Thc khi hin hnh, th u c hai phn: 1- Phn thy (kin phn). 2- Phn b thy(tng phn) Bi phn thy (kin phn) c sai khc nhau, cho nn chia ra lm ba lng. Bi phn b thy(tng phn) tnh cht khng ng, nn cng c th phn lm ba cnh. I. NI V BA LNG A. Hin lng (trc gic). Nh khi Nhn thc v.v duyn sc trn v.vch duyn mt cch trc gic, khng phn bit ci sc l tn g v chng loi no, nh th gi l hin lng. B. T lng (so snh phn bit). Nh xa thy khi, so snh bit c la, cch vch thy c sng tru, so snh bit c tru. V so snh m bit nn gi l T lng. C. Phi lng (phn bit sai lm). Nh Tm vng v Tm s khi duyn cnh, phn bit mt cch lm lc hay so snh chng ng, th gi l Phi lng. II. NI V BA CNH

A. Tnh cnh (tht cnh). Cnh ny c tht th v tht dng, t chng t sanh Kin phn nng duyn, duyn c ci tng ca n (tht cnh). C hai loi Tnh cnh: 1. V bn cht tnh cnh. Nh Tng thc ca chng ta bin ra tng phn l cnh ng trn (sc, thinh, hng, v, xc), ri Tng thc ly Kin phn duyn qua tng phn; nh th gi l V bn cht tnh cnh. 2. Hu bn cht tnh cnh. Nh nm Thc trc, hoc Hin lng ca Ng cu thc, mi Thc t duyn cnh tng phn ca mnh; nh th gi l Hu bn cht tnh cnh. B. c nh cnh (ci bng n c). Cnh ny khng c tht th, dng v cng khng t ni tht chng t sanh; ch c nh hng n c, cho nn gi l c nh cnh. C hai loi c nh cnh: 1- Hu bn cht c nh cnh (nh tng n c v c bn cht). Nh thc khi duyn nm cn v duyn Tm vng, Tm s ca ngi khc, c nhin n phi g nng ci cnh lm bn cht, ri t bin tr li nh tng duyn, nh th gi l Hu bn cht c nh. 2- V bn cht c nh cnh (ci cnh nh tng n c v khng bn cht). Nh Thc th su duyn lng ra, sng th hay hoa m gia h khng, hoc nhng cnh qu kh v lai. V lng ra, sng th hay hoa m v.v khng c bn cht cho Thc g nng, nn ku l V bn cht c nh cnh. C. i cht cnh (cnh c lin i bn cht). Nh Tm nng duyn khi duyn cnh s duyn, tuy rng c g nng cnh kia lm bn cht, nhng m khng c duyn ng t tng ca cnh kia. C hai loi i cht cnh: 2- Chn i cht (tht c lin i bn cht). Nh tht Thc, duyn kin phn ca bt Thc chp lm ng, th ci tng phn (ng) ny, l do lin i gia hai kin phn ca tht v bt Thc chung sinh, nn gi l Chn i cht. 2- T i cht (in nh c km bn cht). Nh thc duyn nhng hnh tng, di, ngn, vung, trn ca nm trn; tuy rng c g nng cc trn cnh lm bn cht, bin tr li tng phn vung, trn v.v, nhng ci tng phn ny, ch do mt mnh thc sanh thi, nn gi T i cht cnh. III. DNG TH D GII R BA CNH Trn ni ba cnh, cng nn lp mt th d gii thich r thm. 1. V bn cht tnh cnh. -D nh ng thy gio, vit ra ch son cho a hc tr . Ch son ny t tay ng Thy vit ra, ch khng c nng u c, nn d cho V bn cht tnh cnh.

2. Hu bn cht tnh cnh. D nh a hc tr nng trn ch son ri li ch mc. Ch mc ny l nng bn cht ca ch son m li, nn d cho Hu bn cht tnh cnh. C hai loi ny, u do Thc trc tip duyn ng t tng ca cnh; v cnh ny c tht th v tht dng, nn gi l Tnh cnh. 3. Chn i cht cnh. D nh ng thy gio vit ch mc (thip) bo a hc tr tri t giy trng ln trn t thip, ri ng thy cm tay a hc tr li trn thip; do ci cng ca thy ln tr, hai ngi mi vit ra ch, nn d cho Chn i cht cnh. 4. T i cht cnh. Nh a hc tr t n ly giy trng tri ln ch thip ri li, tuy rng c g nng ch ca ng thy lm bn cht, nhng ch do sc ca mt mnh a hc tr vit ra, nn d cho T i cht. 5. Hu cht c nh. Nh a hc tr t tay n vit ra ch, nhng cn phi xem theo ch thip ca ng thy. 6. V cht c nh. -Nh a hc tr t n vit ra ch, khng cn phi xem ch trong thip. BI TH 10 NI V TNG TNG CA THC BIN NNG BIN (C 6 ON) Cc Thc u c ci tc dng hay bin hin ra cc php. Cho nn trong Kinh ni: Ba ci u duy Tm to, mun php u duy Thc bin v.v . Nay xt th lp ca cc Thc nng bin (hay bin), cng c th phn lm ba loi: 123Thc nng bin th nht, tn A li da (Trung Hoa dch l Tng thc). Thc nng bin th nh, tn l Mt na (Trung Hoa dch l ). Thc nng bin th ba, li phn lm Thc l: nhn, nh, t, thit, thn, .

Trc ht ni v Thc nng bin th nht, tc l A li da. Thc ny c ba tng: 1. T tng. 2. Qu tng. 3. Nhn tng. I. NI V T TNG CA TNG THC (A LI DA) Sao gi l T tng? Ngha l: ci hnh tng sn c ca n. Thc ny gi l Tng thc (thc cha), vy ch :Tng nghal g? N c ba ngha nh sau: 1- Nng tng (c kh nng cha ng). Ngha l Thc ny cha ng c tt c ht ging ca cc php trong th gian.

2- S tng (ch cha). Ngha l Thc ny l ch cha ng tt c cc php lnh v d v.v 3- Ng i chp tng (chp ng). Ngha l Thc ny l ci ch chng sanh lun lun chp l mnh (ta). Ci Tng thc ny kh nhn, nn ti xin dn mt t d gii thch. Nh ngy thng chng ta c qua cc sch v, khi c ri th thi, khng cn ngh nh n, c lo lm cc cng vic khc, lm ri b qua cng khng cn nh n. Mc d tri qua my nm, nu khng ngh n th thi, khi mt phen chng ta ngh n th vn nh li c. Nh th, thi quyt nh phi c ch cha cc ngha l trong sch v hc v cc vic lm. Nhng lc khng ngh n ngha l trong cc sch v c, th in nh ci kho b ng ca, chng ta khng th thy vt. n khi ngh nh li, th nh ci kho c m ca, chng ta thy cc vt mt cch r rng. Ngi nc ta th xa, ni s ghi nh ny l do tc dng ca tri tim. Cn cc nh Tm l hc i nay li cho l cng dng ca b c. Nhiu thuyt lng xng, khng thuyt no phi c. Theo hc thuyt xa ni tri tim, hc thuyt nay ni b c, u thuc v vt cht (sc php). Do bn cht (t i) t, nc, gi, la to ra, cho nn n khng th cha nhng s ngh nh c. Nu vt cht m hay cha nhng s ghi nh c, th nhng kho lm th gian cng c th c sch hay ghi nh cc vic c. Th nn phi bit: ci kh nng cha ng nhng s vt c ghi nh , theo nh Duy Thc hc ni, th quyt nh phi l Thc A li da. Tri tim hay B c chng qua l ci ch cho Thc du hnh (nng) m thi. N ch lm c quan pht khi tc dng ca Thc. Ngi thng ch bit tim hay c l c quan pht sanh ra s hay bit ch khng bit bn trong ca c quan ny, phi cn c Thc iu khin c quan chng l Thc A li da, Trung Hoa dch l Tng thc Thc cha. HI: Ghi nh l tc dng ca Nim Tm s trong nm mn Bit cnh, nay li ni ghi nh l Thc A li da. Vy nn xc nhn li coi ci no ghi nh. P: A li da l ci kho cha s ghi nh, cn Nim Tm s l ngi m kho pht ra cc vic c ghi nh. Bi th nn ch Tng (kho) c ba ngha: 1- Nng tng (hay cha). Chng ta i, khi ra lm cc cng vic, nh cy rung hay bun bn; c nhng lc du ngon sn thy v.v sut c i tri qua khng bit bao nhiu vic, tt c nhng iu thy, nghe, hay, bit, Thc ny u hay cha tt c. 2- S tng (ch cha). y l ch cha ng ht ging ca cc php. i n khi cn dng th Nim Tm s mi m ca kho a ra.

3- Ng i chp tng. Thc th By tham mn ci kho bu ny (tng thc), chp cho l Ta (ng). II.NI V QU TNG CA TNG THC Sao gi l Qu tng? y l ni ci tng ca qu bo ca Thc ny. Thc ny khi thn i trc, to ra cc nghip lnh d, n khi thn i trc cht ri, th n i u thaith thn i ny. V n lm ch ng i lnh th thn qu bo, cho nn gi l Qu bo thc. Sao gi l Qu tng? y l ni ci tng qu bo ca Thc ny.Thc ny khi thn i trc, to ra cc nghip lnh d, n khi thn i trc cht ri, th n i u thai th thn i ny. V n lm ch ng i lnh th thn qu bo, cho nn gi l Qu bo thc. Nhng ch l mt iu l Thc ny khi v nhn (i trc to nghip) th c thin c r rng, m n lc qu bo thun thc ri, qu i ny th khng th ni thin hay c, m ch gi l V k tnh; ngha l khng phi thin, khng phi c. Bi nhn th thin c, m qu li phi thin c (V k), tnh cht khc nhau, cho nn Thc ny cng gi l D Thc thc. D Thc c ba ngha: 1D thi nhi thc Ngha l t khi to nhn, cho n khi qu bo thun thc, thi gian khc nhau. 2D loi nhi thc Ngha l t khi sanh (nhn) cho n khi chn (qu), tnh cht khng ng nhau. 3Bin d nhi thc Ngha l t nhn sanh ra qu, n tri qua nhiu tng bin i khc l. V Thc th Tm, v nhn th c thin c, m trn qu li v k; cho nn ly ci ngha c bit l D loi nh thc lm chnh, cn ly ci ngha thng dng l D thi nhi thc v Bin d nhi thc lm ph.

HI: Thc D thc, nu nhn ca n l thin c m qu li v k, th nhn qu khc nhau. Nh th lm sao thnh lp ci thuyt nhn qu kh6ong sai khc c. P: Ci tong qu bo ca Thc A li da ny, l do hai mn: nghip chng t v thc chng t hp thnh. Ni v nghip chng t th c thin v c, to thnh qu kh v vui trn d thc qu (bo thn). Cn ni v thc chng t th nguyn khng c thin c, nn n to thnh qu v k (bo thn) cng khng phi thin v c.

Bi thc chng l i vi Thc m ni, cn nghip chng l i vi qu bo m lun, nn nhn no qu ny, y nguyn chng sai khc. D thc:1- Thc chng Nhn v k Qu d thc thc. 2- Nghip chng Nhn thin c Qu kh v vui. Thc ny tuy lun chuyn trong nm th, nhng tnh cht ca n khng bin i, nn trong Tm Kinh ni: Khng tng khng gim, khng cu khng tnh, khng sanh khng dit v.v. Qu D thc ny l hon ton do cc nghip nhn thin v c i trc to ra. Bi cn c trn qu D thc thc phi thin phi c i ny, i chiu vi nghip nhn lnh d i trc m ni, cho nn mi ni trong nhn c thin c, m trn qu D thc li l v k. Nu cn c trn s giu ngho, sang hn trn qu bo D thc ny, l do i trc to cc nghip nhn lnh d m c, th gi l ng lu qu (bnh ng lu xut). Bi th, nn trn D thc th (D thc thn) li c hai mn qu l D thc qu v ng lu qu. D thc th: D thc qu: Nhn: To nghip thin c. Qu: Thc v k. ng lu qu: Nhn: To nghip thin c. Qu: Kh v vui. III. NI V NHN TNG CA TNG THC Sao gi l Nhn tng? Nhn l ci tng v nhn. Ngha l: Tng thc ny lm nhn sanh ra qu ca cc php. Bi v Thc ny hm cha nhng cng nng (chng t) sanh ra cc php. Tuy khng c hnh tng g c th thy c, song tt c cc php u t sanh ra cho nn gi ci cng nng v hnh ny l chng t. Cng nh ht ging ca u, bp v.v n trong t; tuy khng th thy c, nhng n c cng nng lm cho u bp mc ln, khi mt t, sanh ra nhnh l hoa tri, nn gi ht ging ny l ci nhn ca cy u v cy bp. Ci Nhn tng ny c hai mn: 1- T chng t khi tc dng, sanh ra hnh trng ca cc php. Theo Duy Thc hc th gi l hin hnh. ni: Do chng t v hnh ny, hin ra hnh ng, sanh cc php

hu hnh, nn gi chng t ny l nhn ca hin hnh. y l ci nhn tng th nht. Cng nh tr con khi mi sanh, khng ai dy khc, m n vn bit khc oa! oa!. V trong Thc A li da cha sn ci nhn (chng t) khc, cho nn mi khi ra qu (hin hnh) l bit khc. t ngy n li bit b, cng bi trong Tng thc sn c ci nhn (ging) b, cho nn mi khi ra qu l bit b. Ri ln hi bit ci v bit ni: cng v trong Tng thc cha sn ci nhn ci v ni, cho nn mi khi ra qu (hin hnh) c. Tuy bit rng: tr con bit ni nng, cng nh c cha m dy bo. Nhng cha m lm tr duyn m thi. Tht ra u do ci nhn (chng t) cha sn trong Tng thc, ri nh ngoi duyn, mi pht sanh c hin hnh (qu). Bi th nn ni: Tt c cc php hin ra trong th gian ny, mi mi u do chng t ca n cha trong Tng thc, ty loi no gp duyn trc th n hin khi ra trc. 2- Nhng php hin hnh, tr li hun tp thnh ht ging trong Tng thc. D nh tri u v bp, n khi gi ri tr li rt ht trong t, khi gp thi tit thun tin n li sanh ra, nn gi l php hin hnh ny l ci nhn lm chng t. y l ci nhn tng th hai. Nhn tng 12Chng t (chng sanh hin). Hin hnh (hin hun chng).

IV. TNG NG M THC MT NA CHP Ci Nng bin th hai l Thc Mt na. Trung Hoa dch l . Thc ny () lm cn bn cho thc th su nng pht sanh, m khng phi l thc. V s ngi lm ln Thc ny (th 7) vi thc (th 6), cho nn Thc ny ch gi l m khng ku l Thc. S d khng ku l Thc l v mun ch r Thc ny (th 7) tc l : ch trng v phn suy ngh so o (t lng). Bi bn tnh v hnh tng nng duyn ca Thc ny (th 7) u suy ngh so o cho nn trong Duy Thc Tam Thp tng c cu T lng vi tnh tng. Ngha l: bn tnh v hnh tng ca Thc ny u hay suy ngh so o. Li na,Thc Mt na ny l t ni Thc A li da sanh ra, ri tr li duyn kin phn ca Thc A li da chp lm ng (ta), cho nn trong Duy Thc Tam Thp tng c cu Y b chuyn duyn b. Ngha l: nng ni kia sanh, ri tr li duyn ni kia.

Thc Mt na t ly kin phn ca mnh duyn qua kin phn ca Thc A li da; khi khng nhng n (Mt na) chp kin phn A li da lm tht ng (ta), m cng chp (kin phn A li da) l tht php (tht vt). Ch Ng ngha l ch t. Ch ch c ngha l t ti lm ch; nh ng vua t ti lm ch trong mt nc. Ch t c ngha phn on sai khin cc vic; nh ng quan (T tng) gip vua phn on cc vic. V ch ng c ngha: 1- T ti lm ch. 2- Phn on cc vic, cho nn nh ngha l ch t. Ch Php c hai ngha: 12Gi gn ci hnh th ca n khng mt (nhm tr t tnh). Lm cho ngi ta trng n th bit l vt g (qu sanh vt gii).

- Phm vt g c hai ngha: 1- Gi gn t th. 2- Lm cho ngi ta hiu bit c n, th gi l Php. Nay Thc A li da ny, do t qu kh to nhn thin c, n i hin ti kt thnh qu bo d thc; t nhn n qu mi phn bin i lun lun v mi st na (tic tc) sanh dit mi mi. Cc chng t cha trong Thc A li da ny, tuy c thin c v v k khng ng, nhng khi v qu kh, cha khi hin hnh, th n cng vi bn th ca Thc A li da ng tnh v k, khng phi khc vi Thc A li da m cng khng phi mt. Song n khi chng t khi ra hin hnh (qu) th li khng ng tnh v k vi Thc A li da, m mi nghip nhn li sanh ra mi qu hin ti, hoc xu tt, hay khng xu tt khc nhau. V th, nn trong Kinh Gii Thm Mt c cu: A na thc thm thm t. Nht thit chng t nh bc lu Ngha l: Thc A na rt thm thm v tinh t, cc chng t cha trong Thc ny bin chuyn sanh dit lun lun, nh dng nc thc. Trong Kinh Lng Gi cng ni: Nh hi ng phong duyn, Khi chng chng ba lng! Ngha l:

Nh bin b gi xao, Nhp nh sng ni dy! Kinh Gii Thm Mt ni v Php (Thc A li da), Kinh Lng Gi ni v D (nh bin b gi xao). i hai kinh u ch r Thc ny t v th n gi, mi tic tc qu sanh nhn dit, khng phi thng v khng phi on. Bi th, nn quyt nh Thc ny khng phi tht ng, v n khng tht c ngha ch t, nh ng vua (ch) c t ti hay ng quan (t tng) c quyn x on. V quyt nh Thc ny cng khng phi tht php, v n khng tht c ci ngha: 1- Gi gn hnh th ca n, 2- Lm cho ngi bit n c ci g! Thc Mt na khng bao gi thy c ni dung ca Thc A li da, chng qua n vng chp m thi. Cng nh ngi i ban m, thy bng cy mp m, nghi l ma qu (chp ng), v thy hnh nh c iu b mun chp bt ngi, hay thy si dy m m, nghi l rn rt (chp php), v thy n in nh c ci kh nng hi ngi. Tht ra bng cy ch no phi qu, si dy u phi rn c, chng qua v m lm vng chp l qu hay rn thi. Bi th, nn Thc A li da tuy b Thc Mat na chp lm tht ng, tht php, nhng Thc A li da, chng nhng n khng phi tht ng tht php, m Thc Mt na cng khng bao gi chp n bn th ca Thc A li da c. Khi Thc Mt na khi ln vng chp, th n ch nng kin phn ca Thc A li da lm bn cht, ri trn kin phn ca n (Mt na) tr li bin ra ci hnh tng tng t Thc A li da, m chp l tht ng. Cng nh anh th v (n thanh) nghe ngi ta ni ng vua kia oai hng v.v ri anh tng tng v li trn giy. Lc by gi anh ta tr li cung knh chp cho l tht ng vua kia. u bit rng: ng vua kia l ng vua kia, cn hnh v l hnh v, hai bn khng quan h g vi nhau c. Bi Thc Mt na nng kin phn ca Thc A li da lm bn cht, ri trn kin phn ca n (Mt na) bin ra ci cnh gii tng phn, tr li chp cho l tht ng, tht php; nn nh Duy Thc ku l cnh chn i cht. Ngha l Thc Mt na nng kin phn ca Thc A li da lm bn cht, ri bin li ci :tng phn nh tng ni . Ci tng phn ny, mt u l do kin phn ca Thc A li da, mt u l do kin phn ca Thc Mt na, hai bn u khi mt phn tc dng, bin ra ci tng phn gia hai Thc. Cng nh hai cy n t gn nhau, hai u chiu sng, chnh gia c ci bng hi ti, l d cho tng phn chn i cht. V th nn ngi Huyn Trang Php s lm bi tng c hai cu rng: D tm duyn tm chn i cht Trung gian tng phn lng u sanh.

Ngha l: tht Thc dng kin phn duyn qua kin phn ca bt Thc, ri n bin ra ci tng phn, gi l Chn i cht. Ci tng phn chn i cht trung gian y l do hai u (Thc th 7 v Thc th 8) m sanh. Kin phn ca Thc A li da v kin phn ca Thc Mt na u l tm php; hai bn kt hp li, sanh ra tng phn l sc php. Song ci tng phn ny khng phi thuc v Thc A li da v cng khng phi thuc v Thc Mt na, chng qua do hai Thc cng nhau bin sanh ra ci nh tng (tng phn) ri vng chp cho l tht ng, tht php m thi. Bi chp l tht ng, nn lc no cng qu trng ci ng ca mnh, m bi xch khinh mit nhng ci khng phi ca mnh (phi ng). Bi th nn sanh ra cc phin no chng. V chp l tht php, nn lc no cng qu trng cho l hn ht, mc d php y h vng. Tri li, ch bai cc php khc, mc d php y chn tht. Bi th nn sanh ra cc s tri chng. Phin no v s tri hai chng, bt u t ng chp v php chp m sanh ra nh vy. V. NI V TNG TRNG CA 6 THC TRC Hi: Ci: Nng bin th ba l 6 Thc trc, lm sao sanh khi? p: Vic ny phi dng 3 iu mi gii r c: a) Su cn: Nhn cn, Nh cn, T cn, Thit cn, Thn cn v cn. Nm cn trc (tr cn) do nhc cht (tht) to thnh. N c hnh tng hin l ra ngoi, ai ai cng u thy c, nn gi l nm cn ph trn (trn tng ph th). Li c nm cn rt t nh, nng n bn trong 5 cn ph th ny, chng ta khng th thy c, gi l 5 cn Thng ngha. Cn cn th 6 ( cn), tc l Mt na (Thc th 7) thuc v Tm, nn khng c cn ph trn, ch c cn thng ngha m thi. Bi Thc Mt na lm ch nng da cho Thc th 6, nn gi l cn. Cng nh nm cn trc lm ch nng da cho nm Thc trc vy. b) Su trn: Sc trn, Thing trn, Hng trn, V trn, Xc trn, Php trn. Bi su mn ny u do cc vi trn cha nhm lm thnh, cho nn gi l trn. c) Su thc: Nhn thc, Nh thc, T thc, Thit thc, Thn thc , thc.

Hi: Ba mm ny quan h cng nhau nh th no?

p: Phm khi su cn tip xc vi su trn, th mi cn u c mt tc dng pht sanh ra mi mn phn bit. Nh Nhn cn i vi Sc trn, sanh ra mt mn tc dng phn bit v sc, th gi l Nhn thc. Khi Nh cn i vi Thinh trn, khi ra tc dng phn bit v ting, th gi l Nh thc. Khi T cn i vi Hng trn, pht sanh ra tc dng phn bit v mi, th gi l T thc. Khi Thit cn i vi V trn, pht sanh ra tc dng phn bit v v, th gi l Thit thc. Khi Thn cn i vi Xc trn, pht sanh ra tc dng v phn bit v xc, th gi l Thn thc. Khi cn i vi Php trn, pht sanh ra tc dng phn bit v Php, th gi l thc.

Hi: Cn, Trn, Thc, ba mn ny t u m c? p: Trc ti khng ni sao! T Thc A li da cha chng t (ht ging) ca tt c php. Bi trong Tng thc cha chng t ca 6 cn, nn khi ra hin hnh 6 cn l Nhn, Nh, T, Thit, Thn, . Bi trong Tng cha chng t ca 6 trn, nn khi ra hin hnh ca 6 trn l Sc, Thinh, Hng, V, Xc, Php. Bi trong Tng thc cha chng t ca 6 Thc, nn pht sanh ra hin hnh 6 Thc l Nhn thc, Nh thc, T thc, Thit thc, Thn thc, thc.

Su cn, su trn, su thc cng li l 18 php; mi php u c chng t ring v pht sanh ra hin hnh ca n, cho nn Pht gi 18 php ny l 18 Gii. Ch gii tc l ngha chng t. Nhng ngi m mui khng bit, nghe ni thc y ni cn pht sanh, ri nghi rng: cn tc l chng t ca Thc. K tht khng phi, tuy rng Thc y ni cn pht sanh, nhng Thc do chng t ca Thc khi ra hin hnh; chng qua chng t ca Thc ch nng nh ni cn m pht khi thi. Cng nh ht ging ca u bp, n t sanh ra cy bp v cy u nhng phi nh c t, nc, phn, tro mi khi ra hin hnh c. Ci quan h v phn ph gip ny, gi l Tng thng duyn; khng phi nh ci ngha thn nhn duyn l chng t sanh hin hnh hay hin hnh hun chng t c th so snh c. Trong o pht, hng Tiu tha v cha nghe n Kinh gio ni v Thc A li da, nn h khng hiu c ngha chng t, hin hnh, hun sanh, hun trng, nn khng bit ci gii hn ca cn v Thc. V th, ngi Huyn Trang Php s lm bi tng BtThc Quy C c cu rng:Ngu gi nan phn thc d cn (ngi ngu kh phn Thc v cn). BI TH MI MT NI V TNG S BIN (B BIN) CA CC THC (C BA ON)

Hi: Nh trn lc thut ba tng Nng bin ca Thc, cn tng S bin ca Thc th nh th no? p: Nhng tng s bin (b bin) ca Thc nng bin th nht, c ba: 1- Chng t. 2- Cn thn. 3- Kh th gian. Nay trc ni v Chng t . I. CHNG T, THC BIN V DUYN Phm chng t khi cha khi hin hnh, th 7 Thc trc u khng th duyn c. Nh chng ta khng th dng mt thy c chng t hay ly tai nghe hoc mi ngi, ming nm hay tay r m c chng t, duy bt thc mi hay duyn c chng t.

Hi: Ly ci g lm bng chng? p: Trong Thnh Duy Thc Lun ni: Chng t tc l tng phn ca Tng thc, ch khng phi ci g khc. Phm ci tnh ca kin phn th quyt nh phi duyn tng phn, nn bit kin phn ca bt thc quyt nh duyn chng t.

Hi: Ti sao bit Thc Mt na khng th duyn c chng t? p: Nh trc ni: Thc mt na, ch thng duyn kin phn hin hnh ca bt thc, chp lm tht ng v tht php m thi; ngoi ra cc vt khc n cn khng th duyn c, hung chi l chng t.

Hi: Nm Thc trc khng th duyn c chng t, vic rt d hiu; cn lc thc th vn duyn c tt c cc php, ti sao khng th duyn c chng t? V nh chng ta by gi y, dng thc mnh tng ra hnh tng ca mt chng t, c kh g m chng c? p: Tuy do mnh tng ra hnh tng ca mt chng t, nhng thc cng phi nng ci chng t ca bt thc lm bn cht, ri t bin li ci tng phn nh

tng m duyn , ch khng th trc tip thn duyn c chng t. Duy c bt thc dng kin phn ca n, mi c th trc tip thn duyn c chng t tng phn ca n. Sau y ni v Cn thn v kh th gian. II. NI V CN THN, KH TH GIAN, THC BIN V DUYN Nu nh su cn thng ngha, nm cn ph trn (cng tn l ch cn nng) v sn h i a v.v trong th gian lm bn cht, ch do Thc t bin ra ri t duyn, ch khng nng chng t khc lm bn cht bin li v duyn, th ci bn cht tc l tng phn ca n. Khi Thc duyn cng khng duyn ci g khc, n ch t ly kin phn duyn qua tng phn ca n m thi, cho nn cng gi ci cnh y l V bn cht cnh. Li na, v n t ly kin phn ca n duyn qua tng phn ca n, duyn nh th l chn tht ch khng phi h di, cho nn cng gi l Tnh cnh. Ch tnh cnh tc l cnh tht. Chng ta hin tin thy nhng ni, sng, t, nc v.v tht ra khng phi thy c ci bn cht tng phn ca Thc A li da bin, m chnh do Nhn thc nng tng phn ca Thc A li da lm bn cht, t bin tr li ci tng phn, ri t dng kin phn ca n duyn . Cng nh c ngi treo mt gng i trc mt ci cy, ri ngi y tr li xem li gng, th l h ch thy c ci bng cy trong gng m thi, ch khng th thy c ci cy bn cht ngoi gng. Cn c theo l ny m lun, th th gii chng ta hin y, chnh l th gii nh tng, nh bng trong gng. Th m chng ta cng i trn th gii ny, li khi ra cc mn tham cu, to cc nghip d v.v khng khc g ngi b hoa trong gng, m trng di nc m thi, khng bao gi tm c hoa tht v trng tht. i nay cc nh khoa hc reo vang h ho, khoe khoang khoa hc c vn nng, chp vt cht tht c, sut i nghin cu tm ti. Th ngh, th gii ca chng ta y, cn nh ci bng hoa trong gng, hung chi trn th gian mng huyn ny, m h cao ti nng ca khoa hc, tham cu vn minh ca vt cht, khng khc no ngi mun vun ti bng cy trong gng, trng mong cho n ra hoa u tri vy. Trn y ch em Nhn thc t d; cn Nh, T, Thit, Thn v , nm Thc ny g nng bn cht bin ra nh tng cng vy. Hi: Ly ci g chng minh 6 Thc trc quyt nh khng th duyn n ci bn cht th gii ca chng ta hin ? p: Tng phn hin hnh ca Thc A li da, hin ra bn cht th gii. Ci tng phn ny trong tng st na (tic tac) sanh dit, bin hin ra tng phn: sc, thinh, hng, v, xc, php (su trn).

Khng lun i vi vt g, chng ta khng th cng mt lc m qun st ht ton th ca vt y c. Tt nhin, chng ta phi dng c su Thc: Nhn, Nh, T, Thit, Thn, ; mi Thc quan st mi trn: Sc, Thinh, Hng, V, Xc, Php. Khi mi Thc quan st r rng tng b phn, ri tng hp li thnh mt tng ha hip, lc by gi chng ta mi hay hiu bit c ton din ca mt vt. Ngt v mi khi bn qua th gii, chng ta ch ly mt kha cnh ca Nhn thc quan st m bn, nn khng th bit ng ton th ca th gii. Xin ly mt vt tm thng t d: nh tri qut trn bn y, chng ta trc dng Nhn thc xem thy sc vng ca n, sau dng Nh thc nghe ting lt qut, tip dng T thc ngi mi thm ca n, k dng Thit thc nm v chua, ngt, ri dng Thn thc bit n trn mm, rt sau ly thc phn bit tng hp cc php trn, no sc, thinh, hng, v, xc, php. Nh th, mi hiu bit c hon ton tri qut. Th ngh chng ta bit c mt tri qut cn phi tri qua su tng bin ha v ch bit c bng dng 6 trn ca tri qut, ch u phi trc tip duyn c ci bn cht ca 6 trn l sc, thinh, hng, v, xc, php kia . Nh chng ta hin nay, thy bit c th gii, chng qua do chng ta dng 6 Cn, 6 Thc, duyn ci bn cht th gii ca 6 Trn hin ti, ri bin hin ra huyn nh ca th gii 6 Trn m duyn li, ch khng th trc tip duyn ng ci bn cht th gii 6 Trn do Thc A li da bin khi ti s. Bi th , nn th gii 6 Trn, n thng la bp chng ta khng th suy lng. II. THC, CNH V DUYN Nm Thc trc ch nng tng phn sc php ca TnIg thc lm bn cht m duyn, duyn nh th l dng tm duyn sc, nn gi l cnh t i cht. D nh t mt ngn n chiu vo vch; im tip xc gia tia sng pht ra t ngn n v bc vch, y l d cho cnh t i cht. Nm Thc trc, khi duyn tng phn Tc php ca Tng thc th cng ch t kin phn ca Thc mnh, bin ta cnh tng phn m duyn, ch i vi tng phn bn cht ca Thc A li da, th xa cch, cho nn gi l cnh t i cht. Cnh s duyn ca lc thc l tt c php, v khng c mt php no m thc chng duyn c. Xt li, nm Thc trc ch duyn c t cnh. Nh Nhn thc ch thy sc m khng th nghe ting v.v Nh thc ch nghe ting m khng th thy sc. T, Thit, Thn v.v ch duyn t cnh cng vy. Li na, nm Thc trc ch duyn c cnh hin ti, cn cnh qu kh v v li th khng duyn c. Cng nh ci hoa tn, hay cha sanh th Nhn thc khng th thy c. Tri li, thc th duyn c tt c nhng cnh m nm Thc trc duyn v nhng cnh m 5 Thc trc khng th duyn c. N li duyn sut nhng php trong thi gian: qu kh, hin ti v v lai. Nh ci hoa cha n, thc c th tng tng hnh trng ci hoa n hoc ci hoa tn. thc c th tng tng hnh trng ci hoa ng n. thc duyn ht cc php 3 i, nn cnh s duyn ca n rt rng.

Nu nh khi thc duyn tng phn bn cht ca Thc A li da l cn thn v kh th gii, m n khng chp l ngoi tm, m ng nh Tng thc t bin t duyn, th gi l Tnh cnh. Song, him v thc ca ngi thng, khng ai l chng chp rng kh th gian l vt ngoi tm, cho nn khng nhn c tnh cnh ca thc. Khi thc chp kh th gian l vt ngoi tm, m cng vi Nhn thc v.v ng duyn ngoi cnh, ri nng ci tng phn ca Nhn thc v.v lm bn cht, tr li bin ra tng phn ring ca n duyn, nh th l dng :tm duyn sc, cho nn gi l cnh t i cht. Song, Nhn thc trc tip g nng tng phn ca Tng thc lm bn cht, tr li bin ra tng phn ca n duyn, y ch cch c mt lp. n nh thc th gin tip nng tng phn, ca Nhn thc lm bn cht, ri tr bin ra tng phn ca n duyn, thnh ra phi cch n hai lp. Bi th nn cnh i cht tuy ng, nhng tht v gi rt khc nhau. Nu dng ci cht m suy xt, th y ku l c nh cnh, ngha l ci nh tng sanh khi n c vy. c nh cnh cng c Hu cht c nh v V cht c nh. Mn i cht ny, cng ku l Hu cht c nh cnh. Nu nh thc khng nng bn cht duyn, ch vng tng lng con ra hay sng con th, nh th ku l: V cht c nh cnh. Cnh c nh ca thc, c th phn lm hai phn: 1- V cht c nh. 2- Hu cht c nh. - V V cht c nh cng c hai: a) Nh duyn lng ra, sng th. b) Nh duyn nhng php trong qu kh v v lai. Hu cht c nh cng c hai: a) thc duyn cnh vt hin tin nh ni, sng v.v b) Nh thc t tng tng ra hnh trng ni, sng v.v duyn. V th nn thc duyn sut c ba cnh, bin ha khng cng. BI TH MI HAI NI V HAI V BA TNH (C BA ON)

Hc Duy thc khng g ln bng dng ci dng cng khng g ln bng bin. Cho nn Duy Thc hc cng ku l bin hc hoc gi l dng hc. Ci i dng ca bin, nh trc ni ba tng nng bin v cc tng s bin. sch khc ni: Bung ra th n trm khp c su ci, cn cun li th n kn nhim v cng. Ni nh th khng th ch c n, ni ln th khng c ci g ch ni. Tt c nhng s nghip khng th ngh bn, u do n sanh. Bi th, nn nhng k s hc trng vo l ny, cng nh ngi i bin c m khng c bum, li, bn khon lo lng khng bit tri v u! V thng xt ci t ny, nn Pht ni ra hai , ba Tnh v ba mn V tnh. C y theo hai v ba tnh ny, chng ta c th phn bit cng tt c s bin ho ca tt c php, ci no chn ci no vng. Cng nh ngi th mc lm cc vt m trong tay c mc thc. Nay xin tun t ni trc hai . ngha l s tht v cng c ngha l li ni ng vi s tht y. c hai th l: 1- Chn . 2- Tc . Mi li chia lm bn lp. Chn v Tc hp li thnh ra tm lp, hay cng gi l hai , bn lp. I. HAI MI C BN LP a) Th tc , c bn lp: 1. Th gian th tc , cng gi l Gi danh v tht . Nh ci bnh, ci bn v.v ch c gi danh m khng c tht th. 2. o l th tc , cng gi l Ty s sai bit . Nh 5 un, 12 x, 18 gii v.vdo ty theo cc vt m lp. 3. Chng c th tc , cng gi l Chng c an lp . Nh Kh, Tp, Dit, o, do chng ng o l m an lp vy. 4. Thng ngha th tc , cng gi l Gi danh, phi an lp . Nh hai mn qun Khng Chn nh. Do y php mn qun gi v qun khng m ni Chn tnh. V Chn tnh l ci cnh ca Ni tr t chng, ch khng th ni ra c, nn hai mn Qun Khng Chn nh l gi t ra ci tn m thi. Ba trn, cn c th tnh ton lun bn, n nh mn th t, th ch tm t ci gi danh ku gi m thi. b) Chn hay Thng ngha , c bn lp: 1. Th gian thng ngha, cng gi l Th dng hin hin . Nh 5 un, 12 x, 18 gii u c tht th tnh. V n th thng hn mn th gian th tc cho nn gi l thng ngha. V ty theo s sai khc ca nm un v 12 x v.v cho nn gi rng hin hin.

2. o l thng ngha, cng gi l Nhn qu sai bit . Nh Kh, Tp, Dit, o. Hnh gi bit Kh on Tp, tu o chng dit, nhn v qu sai khc. V hn o l th tc cho nn gi l thng ngha. 3. Chng c thng ngha, cng gi l Y mn hin tht . Nh l nh khng. V hn chng c th tc cho nn gi l thng ngha. Do y php qun khng m chng c o qu, hin by ci tht, cho nn gi l Y mn hin tht . 4. Thng ngha thng ngha, cng gi l Ph thuyn m ch . Nh ci Th ca Nht, tht, nh rt mu nhim, khng th ni bn c. V ci thng ngha ny th thng hn ci thng ngha ca th tc, cho nn ni rng thng ngha thng ngha. V diu ch ca n khng th lun bn c, nn gi l Ph thuyn m ch. c) Hai hip vi Ba tnh Trong bn mn tc , v mn u tin l th gian th tc ch c gi danh ch khng c tht th. V khng c ci g th thng, cho nn chng gi l chn m ch gi l tc. i trong ba tnh, n thuc v Tnh bin k s chp. Trong bn mn Chn sau, v mn th t l thng ngha thng ngha v n l chn ch khng phi tc nn chng ta khng th ni bn c. i trong ba tnh th n l Tnh vin thnh tht. Trong Chn m ba trc, th tng ng vi ba mn tc sau. V c c chn v tc, nn i trong ba tnh, th n thuc v Tnh y tha khi. CI BIU HAI HIP VI BA TNH Tc : Th gian th tc: - Nh bnh, bn v.v - Thuc bin k s chp tnh. o l th tc: - Nh 5 un, 12 x, 18 gii v.v Chng c th tc Nh Kh, Tp v.v Thng ngha th tc Nh hai mn Chn nh Chn : Th gian thng ngha Nh nm un, 12 x, 18 gii v.v o l thng ngha Nh Kh, Tp v.v Chng c thng ngha Nh hai mn Chn nh. Thng ngha thng ngha Nh nht, tht, nh. Thuc Vin thnh tht tnh.

Nh vy ba , c th tm tt li thnh bn cu: 1. 2. 3. 4. C tc khng phi chn: Mn tc u tin. C chn khng phi tc: Mn Chn ti hu. C tc v c chn: 3 mn tc sau v 3 mn Chn trc. Khng chn v khng tc.

II. BA MN T TNH Ba mn T tnh l: 1. Bin k s chp t tnh (m mui vng chp, khng ng s tht). 2. Y tha khi t tnh (cc php hu vi do cc duyn sanh khi). 3. Vin thnh tht t tnh (hiu bit ng n, chn tht). Tt c php hu vi u do cc duyn ha hp m sanh, vn khng c tht tnh. V n y cc duyn kia sanh ra, nh huyn nh ha, khng tht, nn ku l Y tha khi t tnh. Nu nh kin phn ca Thc, duyn cc php do nhn duyn ha hp kia, ri vng chp cho l tht c, nh th gi l Bin k s chp t tnh. Nu ngi tu Thnh o, c y ni cc php do nhn duyn ha hp kia (Y tha khi tnh) m xa la cc vng chp m lm y (Bin k s chp t tnh) lc by gi Chn nh tht tnh hin hin, nn gi l Vin thnh tht t tnh. Trn Y tha khi t tnh: - Khi m lm vng chp, th gi Bin k s chp t tnh. - Xa la c m lm, th gi Vin thnh t tnh. Nay emTng thc ra t d, gii r ba tnh ny. Nh Tng thc hm cha tt c ht ging hu lu v v lu. Cc ht ging ny sanh dit ni nhau chuyn bin trong tng tc tc (st na) l Y tha khi tnh. Ri Thc Mt na th by, khi m vng chp cho l tht ng, nn cc ht ging hu lu c xut hin, tr li che ngn ht ging v lu, nn gi l Bin k s chp t tnh. Nu thc th su, tu hai php qun khng (nhn v ng v php v ng), khin cho ci ng b chp ca Thc Mt na kia i li thnh v ng, lc by gi nhng ht ging hu lu trong Tng thc b tiu dit, ch cn hon ton ht ging v lu, th gi l Vin thnh tht t tnh.

Trong ba mn t tnh ny, v mn Bin k s chp th gi, nh lng ra sng thou, khng c tht th. Cn Y tha khi tnh tuy c, nhng cng l h vng, ch khng phi chn tht. Duy c Vin thnh tht t tnh mi c tht th, khng phi vng hin. Nhng c nhng ngi m mui, nghe Pht ni ba mn t tnh ri lm chp cho ngoi Thc, tht c ba mn t tnh. Bi th, nn Pht y ba mn t tnh ny, m mt ni ra ba mn v tnh ph ci chp y. III. NI V BA MN V TNH 1. Tng v tnh (cc vng tng khng c tht tnh). Ngha l: Pht y Bin k s chp t tnh lp ra tng v t tnh. (Pht y ci tng vng chp ca chng sanh, m ch ra ci tng vng chp y khng c), bi ci th tng ca Bin k s chp kia, rt ro khng c, nh hoa m gia h khng v.v 2. Sanh v tnh (do nhn duyn sanh, khng c tht tnh). Ngha l: Pht y ci Y tha khi t tnh, lp ra sanh v tht tnh (Pht y cc php do nhn duyn sanh, m ch r cc php y, khng c tht tnh). Bi nhng php y cc duyn kia sanh ra, nn h huyn, khng c tht th; chng qua do nhng k m mui, vng chp cho l t nhin sanh. V ph ci vng chp ny, nn Pht ni: Cc php duyn danh, khng c tht tnh, ch chng phi hon ton khng c tnh. 3. Thng ngha v tnh (Vin thnh tht khng c tht tnh). Ngha l: Pht y Vin thnh tht t tnh m lp ra thng ngha v tnh. Bi xa la ci vng chp ng php do Tnh bin k trc, mi ng Vin thnh tht nn Vin thnh tht cng v tnh. Vin thnh tht tc l Thng ngha. V ph cc vng chp ca ngi, cho nn Pht gi ni Vin thnh tht v tnh, ch khng phi Vin thnh tht hhon ton khng. Cng nh h khng tuy bao trm ht cc vt, m cc vt khng c nu by tnh h khng c. Bi th nn ni Duy Thc Tnh, tm c hai mn: 1- Tnh h vng, tc l Bin k s chp. 2- Tnh chn tht, tc l Vin thnh tht. Li c hai mn: a) Th tc, tc l Ytha khi tnh. b) Thng ngha, tc l Vin thnh tht tnh. Trong ba mn v tnh ny, v tnh bin k s chp c th ni hon ton khng, cn tnh y tha khi v tnh vin thnh tht, v ph vng chp, nn Pht phng tin mt ni khng; ch chng phi hon ton khng, m cng khng th ni c.

Bi th, nn Pht ni ba mn v tnh ny, l chng phi c, chng phi khng chng phi cng c cng khng v cng chng phi chng c chng khng. Trong Duy Thc ni v ngha Trung o th nht tc ni l ny vy. Ba mn v tnh: *Hon ton khng: +Tnh bin k khng (tng v tnh). *Chng phi c, chng phi khng: +Tnh y tha khi khng (sanh v tnh). +Tnh vin thnh tht khng (thng ngha v tnh). Gn y, cc hc thuyt bn Thi Ty nu ln danh t Chn, Thin, M cn cc nh khoa hc th kheo khoang vain nng, h ho nhng s thc nghim. Cc nh Trit hc cng ua nhau c v no l: kinh nghim, tht li v duy tht v.v Nhng, nu chng ta chn chn xt k nhng iu m h gi l thc nghim hay kinh nghim v.v, chng qua nh ci bnh, ci bn v.v thuc v th gian th tc trong tc trc ni. Cng nh th, trong Duy Thc Tam Thp Tng c ni: Do cc vng chp kia, vng chp tt c vt. Cc mn vng chp , tnh n khng tht c. Do do b b bin k, Bin k chng chng vt. Th bin k s chp, T tnh v s hu. n nh o l th tc hay Th gian thng ngha, em so snh vi hc thuyt thun l ph phn ca ng Khng c v.v th c phn ging nhau. Qua n Chng c th tc hay o l thng ngha th cc nh hc gi trn, h m mt trng theo khng kp, nh ngi sau xa trng bi m trc. Ni n Thng ngha th tc hay Chng c thng ngha th i thi! Mc tnh h cng kch, bi bc cho l ni h huyn. Nu ni n Thng ngha thng ngha hay Nht chn php gii, th cc nh h gi y li cng tuyt vng, nh ci bnh xe phng Nam, m ci trc xe li phng Bc, khng bao gi gp c. Ci m cc hc thuyt kia tin v ni l chn tht, chng nhng l gi, m ci Thin v M ca cc hc thuyt kia khen ngi , cng l xu hn m thi.

Than i! Phi hay chng o loan (in o) thnh ra i lon. Chng ta l k tm hc, cu nhng ch chn tht, vy khng th khng phn tnh, xt li cho thu o ! BI TH MI BA DN SCH TH TC SO SNH C nhn ni: Tm v tm n chng nhau (tm tm tng n). C nhn li ni: Bin ng c v Thnh nhn, ci Tm ng v ci l cng ng. Bin Ty c v Thnh nhn, ci Tm ng v ci l cng ng. (ng hi hu Thnh nhn, k tm ng, k l ng. Ty hi hu Thnh nhn, k tm ng, k l ng). Sch nho tu thuc th php, ni v Nhn tha, nhng c khi bn n tm l th phn nhiu hp vi Pht php. Nay chng ta ni Duy Thc, cng tm dn vi ch so snh. Vy hc gi ch nn c chp mt bean, m cn phi dung hi. Trong H T truyn dn Kinh Dch, ni: o l Dch khng th xa c, v n hng di i, bin ng khng mt ch, chn lu su ci, trn di khng thng, cang v nhu i nhau, khng th c nh ch bin th thng, (Dch chi v th gi, bt kh vin, v o gi l thin, bin ng bt c, chu lu lc h, thng h v thng, cang nhu tng dch, bt kh vi in yu, duy bin s thng) Bn Duy Thc ni v l, cng da trn nhng vic mt thy tai nghe, thng gp g xung quanh m bn, ch khng phi tm cu u xa vy (t hu phng nguyn, bt kh vin cu). Song, bn Duy Thc ni v dng l ni chng t khi hin hnh; hin hnh th st nasanh dit, cng nh bn kinh Dch ni ci ngha: Hng di i, bin ng khng mt ch (L thin, bin ng bt c). Bn Duy Thc ni: Chng t tuy cha trong A li da thc, m tht ra khp gip c php gii, Kinh Dch cng ni: Chu lu su ci, trn di khng thng (Chu lu lc h, thng h v thng), cng hip vi kinh Pht ni ci ngha: Khp gip c php gii, trn di su phng Thc l php y tha duyn sanh, cho nn cng ng vi ngha v thng ca kinh Dch. Bn Duy Thc ni: Chng t th lng ng, tng t nh bn kinh Dch ni c Nhu (chng t tnh ch t nhu). Bn Duy Thc ni: Hin hnh th pht ng, tng t bn kinh Dch ni: c Cang (hin hnh pht ng t cang). Bn Duy Thc ni: Chng t v hin hnh hun nhau, bn thnh ra cc vt bin ha, chng nn lm chp lm tht php cng nh bn kinh Dch ni Cang v nhu i nhau, khng th c nh, ch bin th thng (cang nhu tng dch, bt kh vi in yu, duy bin s thng). Bn Duy Thc ni: Chng t; tng t cc nh Trit hc cn i ni bn th. Bn Duy Thc ni hin hnh; tng t cc nh Trit hc ni hin tng. Bn th th yn tnh, nn khng th thy, cn hin tng th ng nn hin hin. Cng in nh trong kinh Dch ni: Khn l thun, cn Kin l kin (khn thun, kin kin Khn thuc m, thun sanh mun vt. Kin l dng, thuc v tnh ha).

Bn Duy Thc ni: Cng tt php gii, tt c cc php khng ngoi chng t v hin hnh. ng mt , chng H t ni: Kin Khn l s un o ca Dch vy! (Kin Khn k dch chi un da). Bn Duy Thc ni: Chng t v hin hnh sanh nhau, th php gii hin. Trong kinh Dch cng ni: Kin Khn thnh ri th o dch lu hnh trong vy (Kin Khn thnh lit, nhi Dch hnh h k trung h). Bn Duy Thc ni: Chng t dit th khng hin hnh, lc by gi cng khng c php gii, cng nh bn kinh Dch ni: B Kin Khn i, thi khng thy c Dch (Kin Khn hu, tc v d kin Dch). Bn sch Pht ni: Khng c php gii, thi khng c chng t v hin hnh, lc by gi th gian cng khng. Kinh Dch cng ni: o Dch khng hin hin c, th Kin Khn c h nh ngh vy (Dch bt kh kin, tc Kin Khn hoc c h tc h). Trong kinh Dch ni: trn ci hu hnh, gi l o (hnh nhi thng gi v chi o). Tng ng trong kinh Pht ni: Chn nh v vi, v lu Trong kinh Dch ni: T ci hu hnh tr xung, gi l s vt (hnh nhi h gi v chi kh). Tng ng trong kinh Pht ni: Nhng php sanh dit, thuc v hu vi hu lu. Trong kinh Pht ni: Dit sanh dit, m chng Chn nh v vi. Kinh Dch cng ni: Vt bin, l ha i thnh vt khc (ha nhi ti chi chi bin). Kinh Pht ni: Y Chn nh m khi ra php hu vi sanh dit, cng nh trong kinh Dch ni: suy m lm theo , th khng (suy nhi hnh chi chi thng). Kinh Pht ni: Chng sinh y lu chuyn Chn nh m to ra tt c nghip lnh d trong th gian, bn kinh Dch ni: Sp t dn trong thin h, gi l s nghip (c nhi th chi thin h chi dn, v chi s nghip). Kinh Dch ni: o Dch v t v l, l o v vi tch nhin khng ng. (Dch v t gi v vi gi, tch nhin bt ng), cng nh trong kinh Pht khi ni v trng thi: Chng t cha khi hin hnh. Kinh Dch ni: C cm ng th mi thng ci c trong thin h (cm nhi toi thng thin h chi c), cng nh Kinh Pht khi ni v trng thi: Chng t khi hin hnh. Bn kinh Pht ni: Duy chng t mi khi ra c hin hnh, song quyt phi nh cc duyn, ging nh bn kinh Dch ni: C cm th mi thng, khng cm th khng thng vy (cm nhi thng, v bt cm tc bt nng thng h). Kinh Pht ni: Chng t c cha trong thc A li da, lng lng vy khng ng, tng ng bn kinh Dch ni: Khng c ngha l ng (Ht h, vi chi khn). Kinh Pht ni: Chng t gp duyn, th t trong Tng thc khi ra hin hnh ging nh trong kinh Dch ni: Kin, c ngha l m (Tch h, v chi kin).

Kinh Pht ni: ng thi nng ci Th ca Tng thc v ng thi lm chng t, nhng khi gp duyn th n thot vy hin khi ra, cng nh trong kinh Dch ni: Mt ng mt m gi l bin (nht ht nht tch, v chi bin). Kinh Pht ni: Chng t v hin hnh thng nhau bin ha qua li, qua li khng cng. ng bn kinh Dch: Vng lai khng cng gi l thng. (vng lai bt cng v chi thng). Kinh Pht ni: Hin hnh th thy vn tng sum la, cng nh bn kinh Dch ni: Nhng vt thy c, gi l tng (kin ni v chi tng) Kinh Pht ni: Nng vn tng sum la lm bn cht, ri dng nm Thc trc duyn vo , thnh ra nhng hnh hnh sc sc trong v tr, cng nh kinh Dch ni: Hnh gi l kh (hnh ni v chi kh). Kinh Pht ni: Y nhng hnh hnh sc sc kia, ri t ra cc tn ku gi m dng . Kinh Dch cng ni: Ch ra m dng , gi l Php (ch nhi dng chi, v chi php). Kinh Pht ni: Chng sinh nng cc php y, ri khi ra vng chp, nn phi b trm lun trong b sinh t. Nu ph tr cc php chp th c xut ly, cng nh kinh Dch ni: li dng ra vo ( li dng xut nhp). Kinh pht ni: Song, chng sanh khng ra ngoi mun php, m thng dng , ci thn diu khng th xt lng, cng nh bn kinh Dch ni: Dn u dng , gi l Thn (dn hm dng chi, v chi thn). Nh Duy Thc ni: Th gian hin thy sn h i a tt c cc php, u do Duy Thc bin hin, chng phi tht c. V s e ngi i khng tin, nn nh Duy Thc li dn ra bn mn tr chng minh, mong cho ngi i nh y m ng nhp c l Duy Thc. 1. Ci Tr hiu bit ca mi loi khc nhau (tng vi thc tng tr) Nh ng mt vt, m loi ngi th thy l nc, loi tri th thy l ngc lu ly, loi qu th thy l mu m, loi c rng th li thy l cung in. Nu cnh vt tht c, th cc loi phi thy nh nhau, ti sao li sai khc nh th? 2. Ci tr hiu bit khng c cnh b duyn (v s duyn thc tr) Nhng cnh qu kh, v lai, chim bao u khng c tht, ch do Thc bin hin ra, ri t duyn thi. 3. Tr hiu bit ca phm phu ng l khng in o (t ng v o tr) Nu cnh vt c tht, th ci tr hiu bit ca phm phu thy tht ng tht php, ng l phi khng in o. Nu khng in o th ng l phi c gii thot, ch khng cn dng cng tu hnh, v s thy bit ca h ng vi s tht, khng in o vy. 4. Ci Tr tu theo ba tr sau ny m bin chuyn (tu tam tr chuyn tr).

a) Ci Tr, tu tr ca nhng ngi chng c qu t ti m chuyn bin (tu t ti gi tr chuyn tr) Nhng ngi chng c qu t ti, tu h mun chuyn bin t nc gi la th u c bin thnh t, nc, gi, laNu cc cnh vt tht c, th lm sao bin i c? b) Ci Tr, tu tr ca ngi qun st m sanh (Tu qun st gi tr chuyn tr) Ngi tu thin nh hoc qun tng khi c th thng ri, tu h qun tng mt cnh no, th tng y u hin ra trc. Nu cnh tht c, th lm sao li tu tm bin hin c. c) Ci Tr, tu ngi ng V phn bit tr, chuyn sanh (Tu v phn bit tr chuyn tr) _ Ngi khi chng c V phn bit tr ri, th tt c cc cnh tng hin tin u kh6ong cn. Nu cc cnh vt tht c, th lm sao li chng cn? Ci l Duy Thc, khng c tht cnh ny, nh Duy Thc, hiu su, ni cng tng tn. _ Ch v Thnh Nhn lm ra kinh Dch, tuy cha c th trnh by c r rng, nhng tht ra cng c ch hiu ng. Nh Ngi ni rng: Ngi Nhn thy l nhn; ngi Tr thy l tr (Nhn gi kin chi v chi nhn, Tr gi kin chi v chi tr). Bn sch Nho ni ci cnh Nhn, tc l bn kinh Pht ni ci tng phn ca Thc ngi Nhn vy. _Ci tng phn kia l t ni ci kin phn sanh; cho nn bn Nho ni: Ngi nhn th thy l nhn, cn ngi bt nhn th khng th thy c cnh nhn. Bn sch Nho ni: Cnh ca ngi Tr, tc l bn kinh Pht ni ci tng phn ca thc ngi tr. _ Ci tng phn l t ni kin phn sanh; cho nn bn sch Nho ni: Ngi Tr mi c th thy , cn ngi khng tr th khng th thy c cnh tr. Bn sch Nho ni: Thc ngi Nhn th thy cnh Nhn, Thc ngi Tr th thy cnh Tr, tc l bn kinh Pht ni ci ngha cc cnh vt tu Thc bin hin vy. Nu v Thnh Nhn kia, khng tht hiu ng c l Duy Thc, th u ni c nh th. Li na, v Thnh Nhn kia hiu ng c l Duy Thc rt thm thu, li thng than cho ngi i, xem k m khng thy (thc th nhi bt kin); cho nn Ngi mi than rng: Trm h thng ngy dng n m khng bit! (bch tnh nht dng, nhi bt tri). Sch i hc ni: Mun cho tm mnh c chn chnh, th trc phi sa ci ca mnh thnh tht; mun cho ci ca mnh thnh tht, th trc phi c ci bit ca mnh c thu o; ci bit c thu o l do cng tt c s vt. Trong sch i hc ni Tm tc l bn Duy Thc ch cho Thc A li da th tm vy. _ Sch i hc ni tc l bn Duy Thc ch cho Thc Mt na th by vy. _ Sch i hc ni tri, tc l bn Duy Thc ch cho tc dng phn bit ca thc th su vy.

Thc A li da th st na sanh dit, khng c tht ng v thng nht, lm ch t. Nhng v Thc Mt na th by, vng chp kin phn ca Thc A li da cho l tht ng v thng nht, c th lm ch t, nn khin cho ci chn tng ca Thc A li da chng hin. Bn Nho gi l Tm khng chnh. Nu mun ci tm mnh c chn chnh, quyt phi i tr bn mn phin no tng ng vi Thc th By ny l: ng si, ng kin, ng mn, ng i. Khi bn mn phin no ht ri, th chuyn c thc nhim , tr li thnh thc thanh tnh. Lc by gi Thc th By, khng nhng chng chp Thc A li da lm ng, m li thng quan st Thc A li da l v ng. Ch ny ng vi bn sch Nho ni: Ci c thnh tht. Song ci bn tnh ca Thc th By l v k, nn ci tc dng ca n yu hn. V t n khng th i tr c phin no, nn quyt phi i Thc th Su nhp qun nh khng: qun st bit c ng v php u khng. Lc by gi Thc th Su chuyn thnh Diu qun st tr, th tht thc cng nh m b c bn mn phin no, chuyn thnh Bnh ng tnh tr. n y ng bn sch Nho ni: Mun ci c thnh tht, th trc phi ci bit thu o. Ni ci bit thu o, tc l ch cho ci thc nhp hai mn qun khng vy (nhn khng, php khng). Khi nhp php qun, hoc duyn ci tng chung ca cc php, hoc duyn ci tng ring ca cc php. Tuy chng loi rt nhiu, nhng u phn tch ci nh tng tng phn, vo tht tng. Ch ny ng trong sch i hc ni: Bit c chu o l do tt s vt. Khi thc nhp php qun khng, c chuyn thnh Diu qun st tr th ng bn sch i hc ni: Tt s vt, vy sau ci bit mi chu o. Do lc thc c chuyn thnh tr, nn Thc Mt na cng nh m chuyn thnh Bnh ng tnh tr. ng bn sch i hc ni: ci bit c chu o, vy sau ci mi thnh tht. Do Thc Mt na chuyn thnh Bnh ng tnh tr khng cn chp bt thc lm ng, nn khin cho chn tng ca bt thc c hin by v chuyn thnh i vin cnh tr, ch ny ng trong sch i hc ni: ci c thnh tht, vy sau ci tm mi chn chnh. Nm cn trc l tng phn ca bt A li da thc. Nm Thc trc y nm cn m pht sanh, n cng tu theo bt A li da thc m chuyn li ng Thnh s tc tr. Ngha l ci tr ny, hay to tc thnh tu cc s nghip trong th gian nh thn, tm, quc gia, thin h v.v.ng trong sch i hc ni: Tm c chn chnh vy, sau thn mi tu; thn c tu vy, sau trong gia nh mi t; gia nh c t vy, sau nc nh mi thnh tr; nc nh c thnh tr vy, sau thin h mi c thi bnh. Dch xong ngy 28 thng Chp nm

DUY THC HC TP IV LUN A--NA-THC Ngi Thi S Php S ging Sa mn Thch Thin Hoa dch ngha Ni dung quyn A Na thc ny, chia lm 8 phn: 1. Nu ci tn 2. nh gii ngha 3. Gii thch v chn la 4. Nu ci th 5. Hi li gii thch 6. Ch nhng ch sai lm 7. Lp Tn ch 8. Ch ci dng I. NU CI TN Tn A Na thc, xut x t u? Trong kinh Gii thm mt c bi tng rng: Nguyn vn ch Hn A Na thc thm thm t Tp kh chng t nh bc lu Ng phm ngu bt khai din Khng b phn bit chp vi ng. Ngha l: Thc A Na rt thm thm v t nh; cc tp kh(1) chng t ca n sanh dit nh dng nc thc. Ta (Pht) i vi chng phm phu v Nh tha, khng ging ni thc ny; v s chng phn bit chp lm Ng. Trong kinh i Pht nh Th lng nghim ni: Nguyn vn ch Hn: na vi t thc Tp kh thnh bc lu Chn, phi chn khng m

Ng thng bt khai din. Ngha l thc A Na rt l vi t; cc tp kh nh dng nc thc. V s chng phm phu v nh tha chp thc ny l "chn" hay "phi chn", nn Ta (Pht) chng h ging ni thc ny cho chng nghe. Thc ny l "Cn bn" ca chn v vng; Thnh, Phm u nng ni y. Bi th nn trong Duy thc tn, rt c bit ch trng n thc ny. Nay chng ta cn c theo cu vn v ngha l ca bi tng trn m quan st_Trong bi tng ni ch "Phm" l ch cho loi d sanh (chng sanh); ni ch "Ngu" l ch chung c phm phu v Nh tha(ch ngu l m lm). i hai bi tng ni: A Na rt thm su v t nh, tm cha cc tp kh chng t t v th n nay. N lm ch gi gn bo thn ca chng hu tnh sng trong mt thi k. Xem in tung nh "chn", song n h vng sanh dit rt l vi t. Cng nh dng nc thc, xa thy nh im tnh, m k tht n chy rt mau. Chng nhng chng phm phu (d sanh)(1) khng bit m hng tiu tha Thinh vn chp php (ngu php) cng m lm thc ny. Pht i vi hai hng ny chng h ging ni n thc A Na, v s h m lm chp lm "Ng". Chng phm phu m lm chp ng th thm kh sanh t; cn hng nh tha tuy c th la c kh sanh t, song nu m lm chp ng th lu chng o qu; chi bng chng cho h nghe n thc ny cn hn. Bi tng ca kinh Lng Nghim v kinh Gii Thm Mt, hai cu u ng ngha nhau. Trong cu th hai ni ch "tp kh" tc l "chng t". n cu th ba li chia ra lm hai phng din: Bn kinh Lng Nghim i ni: "Thc ny rt rng su v t nh, sanh dit tng tc khng gin on. Bi n tng tc khng gin on cho nn in nh "chn"; v n sanh dit nn "khng phi chn". Nu ngi m lm chp thc ny l "chn" th b ci chp "Tng ch" (thm), s o mi trong sanh t lun hi. Cn ngi m lm chp thc ny l "phi chn", th b ci chp "Tn gim" (bt); v cho thc ny l "vng" ri ri b thc ny tm cu ci "chn tht" th khng th c, nn cng o mi trong sanh t lun hi. Cu tng th t trong kinh Gii Thm Mt, i ni: "Phn bit chp thc ny lm ng", tc ng bn kinh Lng Nghim ni: "M thc ny chp l chn". Song m lm chp thc ny "phi chn" cng l chp Ng. V s cho chng phm phu v hng Nh tha m lm chp thc ny l "chn" hoc "phi chn", cho nn Pht chng h ging ni. Trn bi tng ni "chp ng", tc l c chp thc ny lm tht ng, tht php. Bi phm phu v Nh tha i vi thc ny hay khi tm phn bit chp l "chn" hoc "phi chn".

em hai bi tng trn y i chiu m quan st; th ngha y . Song, bi tng trong kinh Gii Thm Mt c mt ngha c bit v r rng hn l: "chng phm phu v Nh tha d khi tm phn bit chp lm Ng". Trong Du D S a Lun, hon ton cn c vo kinh Gii Thm Mt m gii ni v thc ny. Ngoi ra cn c rt nhiu ch ni n ci tn thc ny, khng th k ht nh Nhip i tha lun, Hin dng Thnh gio lun, Thnh Duy thc lun, ...V trong cc kinh lun c ci tn A Na thc, nn nay y theo lm cn c cho bn Lun ny. II. NH GII NGHA Ch "Gii ngha" tc l nh gii hn v danh ngha. Thc A Na, ci gii ngha nh th no? Ting Phn gi l A Na, Tu dch l "Tr" (gi gn). Trong kinh khng c gii thch n nh th no nhng trong Nhip i tha lun gii thch c hai ngha, v Thnh Duy thc lun li cn phn tch hon b hn. Trong Thnh Duy thc lun v quyn ba ni: Nguyn vn ch Hn D nng chp tr ch php chng t Cp nng chp th sc cn y x Dic nng chp th kit sanh tng tc C thuyt th thc danh A Na Dch ngha Thc ny c ba cng nng, nn gi l A Na: 1. Gi gn (chp tr) chng t ca cc php 2. Gi chu (chp th) cn thn v th gii 3. Gi ly (chp th) vic kt ni i sau. Nay mun cho c gi d hiu, nn bt t cn vo su, t th n t; ngha l ngc th lp ca ba ngha trn gii thch nh sau. 1. GI LY (CHP TH) VIC KT NI I SAU

S d c vic "kt ni i sau" (kit sanh tng tc) l do ba php: Phin no, Nghip v Sanh; theo thng thng gi "Hoc, Nghip v Kh". Ngha l: do phin no nn to nghip, do to nghip nn mi tip ni i sau th kh. Ch "Kit sanh" (Kt ni i sau), ngha l th sanh, bt u t khi kt thai cho n lc sanh ra vy. Li na, t mt i ny cht ri sanh n mt i khc. Ngha l: t thn "bn hu" (1) (thn hin sng) n thn "t hu" (thn ang cht), t thn "t hu" n thn "trung hu"(2) (thn sau khi cht cha u thai), t thn "trung hu" n thn "hu hu"(3)(thn i sau). S d c tng tc khng gin on nh th, c nhin phi c mt ci g thng lu hnh v gn gi (chp th)_Ci l thc A Na. Nu khng c thc ny nm gi vic "kt ni i sau" (kit sanh tng tc) th ngi mt khi cht ri phi mt lun, khng cn ti sanh c na! Nh th thnh ra b ri vo thuyt on dit ca ngoi o. Trong kinh Lng Nghim v quyn th hai chp, i : "Trc kia vua Ba T Nc theo ngoi o, chp v "on dit" (ngi cht ri mt lun) nn Vua thng m lng lo bun !...Sau khi nghe Pht ni Php, Vua ng c ci l "sanh t tng tc"; ngha l: con ngi khi cht l b thn ny th thn khc, t gi i ny n nhn lnh i kia; ci g c bin i th phi b hoi dit, cn ci g khng bin i th thng khng hoi dit, nn vua rt vui mng !". Ni "chp on dit" tc l chp mt phen cht ri mt lun. Nu tht vy, thi i sng ca con ngi khng c mt cht gi tr no c ! Bi th, nn bit c thc A Na ny hng lu hnh khng gin on, n nm gi vic "u thai tip ni" (kit sanh tng tc). Tm li, nu ngi hiu r c: "C thc A Na nm gi vic kit sanh tng tc" (kt ni u thai) th i tr c ci chp "on dit" ca phm phu v ngoi o. 2. GI CHU (CHP TH) SC CN V TH GII Nguyn vn ch Hn trn, ni ch "sc cn y x"_Ch "sc cn" l ch cho nm cn tinh t bn trong (nm tnh sc cn: Nhn, Nh, T, Thit, Thn); cn ch "y x" l ch cho nm cn th ph bn ngoi (ph trn cn) lm ch (x) y ch cho nm cn bn trong. Tm li l ch chung ci Bo thn ca chng hu tnh ang sng trong mt thi k. Ni "ci Bo thn sng trong mt thi k" tc l gm c "cc php hu vi v thng st na sanh dit"._Ci cng nng gn gi Bo thn c tng tc tn ti trong mt thi k khng tan hoi , tc l thc "A Na" ny vy. Nguyn vn ch Hn trn, ni hai ch "chp th", ngha l chp thn ny nn "t th" khin sanh ra bit cm gic v lnh th. Li c mt ngha th hai, trn nguyn vn ni ch "sc cn" l ch cho thn loi hu tnh (chnh bo); cn ch "y x" l ch cho th gii (y bo).

Trong th gii, t mt vt nyi vi cc vt khc ngi nhau, t mt vi trn ny i vi cc vi trn khc ngi nhau, m vn tn ti, u do thc ny gn gi khng mt; ch khc vi loi hu tnh l khng lm cho bit cm gic v lng th. Trong lun T vt, ng Chng Thi Dim ni: "Loi khong vt v thc vt u c thn thc". Nhng xt nhng li chng minh ca ng, th khng phi l thn thc; tht ra do cng nng gi gn ca thc A Na; chng qua ng khng hiu, ln cho l thn thc. Thn thc ch bit cm gic lnh th cc xc trn, nh au, nga, ...m thi; cn ci cng nng nm gi cc vt ngi nhau lm t th, quyt nh phi l thc A Na ny. 3. GI GN (CHP TR) CHNG T CA CC PHP Ni "cc php" tc l ch cho tt c cc php hu vi. C hai loi: 1. "Hu lu hu vi", tc l cc php tp nhim, thuc v loi D sanh (chng sanh), 2. "V lu hu vi", tc l cc php thanh tnh, thuc v Thnh Hin. "CHNG T" cng c hai loi: 1. "Nghip chng" tc l D thc tp kh", 2. "Php chng", tc l ng lu tp kh. Mi mi cc php, khi khi hin hnh u t chng t ca n m khi hin. Bi ng ng lu xut ra chng loi , nn gi l "ng lu chng". "NGHIP CHNG" (D thc chng t) tc l chng t T Tm s. Bi v T Tm s, Tm vng v cc Tm s thin c v.v...c tc dng hot ngthnh ra "nghip chng". Nu ly hin hnh ca n, th cng u gi l "ng lu chng". Song ci "nghip chng" ny, ng thi li c cng dng c bitl thng lnh cc php khc. Cng nh op6ng Th tng, nu ni v c nhn th ng l mt ngi nh bao nhiu ngi trong nc nhng ng thi, ng cng c ci trch nhim thng lnh ton quc._Nghip chng (D thc chng t) cng th, n khc hn "php chng"(ng lu chng) ch . "Nghip chng" cng c hai loi: 1. Hu lu, 2. V lu. Song v "chng t" th ch c cng nng tim tng (n np) m khng khi hin. Nu khng c mt ci g cha gi, th chng t cc php phi b tn mt. Nu chng t cc php b tn mt, th cc php hin hnh th gian v xut th gian cng phi khng cn. Bi th nn phi c thc A Na cha gi chng t (cng nng tim tng) ca cc php. C ngi ni: "Sc php c cng nng cha gi chng t". Ni nh th khng hp l, v "sc php" tnh n bin i v chng ngi, nn khng th cha gi chng t c. Li na, khi sanh ln ci tri V sc, ci y khng c "sc php" th ly g cha gi chng t. Cc "Tm s" cng khng th cha gi chng t c, v n khng t ti vy. Su thc trc cng khng th cha gi chng t, v khi sanh ln ci tri V tng v vo Dit tn nh v.v ...khng c su thc trc vy.

Thc th By, tuy hng thi lu hnh v khng gin on, song cng khng th cha gi chng t cc php c, v tnh n "hu ph v k". Nu thc th By cha gi chng t, th khi n a v B Tt, chuyn thc thnh tr thanh tnh ri, v sau lai khi sanh cc php tp nhim na, th phi l. Bi th nn, ch c thc A Na, tnh v ph v k, nht loi sanh dit tng tc, mi c th duy tr (cha gi) chng t ca cc php. Cnh gii ny duy c Pht mi bit c hon ton rt ro, cn cc v B Tt ch bit mt phn no thi. *** III. GII THCH V CHN LA Trong thnh Duy thc lun, quyn ba chp: "Cc hu tnh u c thc th Tm, song tu theo mi phng din m danh ngha c khc nhau, nn t ra rt nhiu tn: 1. Hoc gi l "Tm":_V thc ny l ch cha nhm (tch tp) cho cc php hun tp chng t vo. 2. Hoc gi l "A na": _V thc ny gi gn chng t v thn th ca chng hu tnh khng mt. 3. Hoc gi l "S tri y":_ V thc ny l ch y ch ca cc php b bit(s tri) nhim v tnh. 4. Hoc gi l "Chng t thc": _ V thc ny c cng nng cha gi chng t ca cc php th gian (hu lu) v xut th gian (v lu). Bn tn trn y, thng c cc a v Phm, Thnh. 5. Hoc gi l "A li da": _ Tu dch l Tng thc v thc ny tm thu cha ng cc php tap nhim, gi gn khng mt, nn c ngha Nng tng, S tng v Ng i chp tng. (Thc th By chp thc ny lm "Ni ng"). Tn A li da (tng thc) ny, ch ch Phm ohu v Thnh hu hc, cn Thnh v hc v bc Bt thi B Tt, th khng c tn ny (tng thc), v khng cn cha gi chng t cc php tp nhim na. 6. Hoc gi l "D thc thc ":_ V thc ny c cng nng dn dt i trong sanh t lnh th qu D thc (bo thn), do thin nghip hoc c nghip, to i trc. Tn D thc ny, ch c hng Phm ohu, Nh tha v cc v B Tt, cn n a v Pht th khng cn D thc thc. 7. Hoc gi l "V cu thc": _ V thc ny l ch cha gi cc php hon ton v lu thanh tnh. Tn "V cu thc", duy Pht mi c. T cc v B Tt i tha tr xung,

cho n hng Phm phu, th thc th Tm cn cha cc chng t hu lu, cha ng hon ton thanh tnh, nn khng c tn "V cu thc". CHN LA Ngoi cc tn k trn, thc ny li cn c nhng tn nh: S nng bin, Cn bn thc v Nh Lai tng ...Nay theo th lp lc nu cc tn, la chn tn no hon b. 1. A li da thc._Tu dch l "Tng thc". Cc lun gii ch "Tng" c ba ngha: Nng Tng, S tng v Ng i chp tng. Ci tn "Tng thc" ny, ch c a v phm phu (D sanh) v Thnh hu hc. Khi n hng Nh tha v hc v bc Nim bt thi B Tt, th thc ny khng cn cha gi (chp tng) cc php tp nhim, nn khng gi n l "Tng thc" (A li da thc). Bi tn "A lai da" ny ngha rt hp, cho nn lun ny chng dng. 2. S nng bin thc._Thc ny cha gi chng t ca cc php, ri bin hin ra tng phn l cn thn v th gii. Chng Phm phu v Nh tha khng hiu, nn chp l tht ng v tht php. V ph chp ca Phm ohu v Nh tha, nn Lun ni: "Cc ng v php u gi, do thc bin hin". Cc thc chung li. C ba loi Nng bin, m thc ny l nng bin th nht, nn gi l "s nng bin". Bi ngha ny rt hp, khng ni ht c ci lng ca thc ny, nn cng khng dng. 3. D thc thc._ D thc c ba: D thi nhi thc (khc thi m chn), D loi nhi thc (khc loi m chn) v Bin d nhi thc (bin khc m chn). So vi "A li da" th tn ny c phn rng hn; song n khi thnh Pht th b ci tn D thc (Kim Cang o hu D thc khng) Bi tn ny khng ph thng: khi n qu Pht khng cn v hng Nh tha khi vo Dit tn nh, thn th nh tro ngui, tm tr bt dt, lc by gi khng cn thc D thc, nn lun ny khng dng. 4. Ym ma la thc._ Tu dch l "V cu thc", ngha l thc thanh tnh khng cu nhim. Ci tn ny duy a v Pht mi c; t B Tt tr xung cho n Nh tha v Phm phu u khng c "V cu thc"; v B Tt cn v minh hin hnh v cn chng t tp nhim. Bi ci tn ny ch c qu Pht, khng thng c Thnh, Phm v tm thu ht ci th nhim tnh ca thc ny, nn cng khng dng. 5. Tm: _ Tn ny thng c Phm phu, Nh tha, B Tt v Pht. Trong cc kinh lun, c ch gi chung c tm thc l:Tm, v Thc; c ch gi ring thc th Tm l "Tm", thc th By l "" v 6 thc trc l "Thc"; c ch gi "tm vng", "Tm s" u l "Tm" hoc gi Sc php (vt cht) cng l "Tm"; _ nh tri tim tht gi l "Tm tng" ( mt tng trong ng tng:Tm, Can, T, Ph, Thn).

Bi ci tn ny qu rng v ln lo, cho nn lun ny cng khng dng. 6. Cn bn thc: _ By thc trc v cc php nhim tnh, u y ch thc ny, nn gi l "Cn bn thc". Ci tn ny cng thng c Thnh, Phm. Nhng tn "Cn bn", khng phi ch gi thc th Tm, m "Chn nh tr" cng gi l "Cn bn tr"; bi v "Chn nh" l "Cn bn" ca tt c Php. V danh t ny c ln lo, nn lun ny chng dng. 7. bt thc: _ Y theo th t, s mc m gi, th nm thc trc, thc th Su, thc th By v n thc ny gi l " bt thc". Ci tn ny tuy c th thng c Thnh Phm v cng khng c li ln lo vi ci khc, song ci tn bt khng th ni ln c ci tng v dng ca thc ny; chng qua ch mt danh t c gm s mc ku gi m thi, nn lun ny cng chng dng. 8. S tri y: _ Ci tn ny xut x t Nhip i tha lun, ngha rng ri v thng c Thnh, Phm. _ Ch "S tri" (b bit) tc l ch cho cc php nhim v tnh. Bi cc php ly thc ny lm ch y ch, nn gi l "S tri y". Ci tn ny tuy sc ni ln tng v dng ca thc ny, nhng cng khng dng; v y theo trong Nhip i tha lun, th cc php "S tri" chnh l ch cho ba tnh: Bin k s chp tnh, Y tha s tnh, v Vin thnh tht tnh. Song k tht cc php s tri (b bit) chng nhng y thc th Tm (Y tha khi) m cng y chn nh (vin thnh tht) hoc y thc (Bin k s chp). Vy thi ci ngha "Y"cng thng ng vi php khc; chng bng dng ngha "A na" rt l tinh xc hn. 9. Nht th chng thc: _ Danh t ny trong Thnh duy thc lun, ch v ci "Nhn tng" ca A li da. Tn ny cng thng tt c a v Thnh, Phm( a v Pht c th ni "nht th v lu chng thc"). Danh t ny so vi danh t A na khng rng m cng khng hp lm, c phn ng nhau. Song "nht th chng" l ch cho tng phn b duyn v vt s tri ca tng ny, ch khng phi ci bn th hin hnh ca thc ny; ci thc "Nng tr nht th chng t" , tc l A na. V li, ci ngha "Nng tr chng t" ny ch l mt trong ba ngha ca thc A na. Bi th nn y cng khng dng. 10. Nh Lai tng: _ Danh t ny cng vi bt thc c lin quan nhau. Trong cc kinh lun gii ngha rt rng, nay ch ni s lc ci . Ch "Tng" ngha l "che giu". Tt c chng hu tnh u san c "tr hu c tng, php thn thanh tnh ca Nh Lai", song v b che giu trong v minh tp nhim. "Nh lai

thanh tnh php thn" l b (s) che giu, cn "v minh tp nhim" l (nng) che giu; hip c Nng v S m gi l "Nh Lai tng". Danh t ny tuy thng cc a v, nhng bn lp ra l chuyn ch v phn "cng c php thn thanh tnh"b che giu trong v minh tp nhim m gi l "Nh Lai tng", ch khng phi ch chung c cc php tp nhim. Tri li, gi A li da l ring ch v "php tp nhim", cn Nh li tng l ring ch v "php thanh tnh". Danh t ny ngha rt hp, li thuc v "chn nh v v". V cc php thanh tnh ca by thc trc, cng chung gi l Nh Lai tng. Danh t ny tuy thng cc a v, nhng bn lp ra l chuyn ch v phn "cng c php thn thanh tnh" b che giu trong v minh tp nhim m gi l "Nh Lai tng", ch khng phi ch chung c cc php tp nhim. Tri li, gi A li da l ring ch v "php tp nhim", cn Nh Lai tng l ring ch v "php thanh tnh". Danh t ny ngha rt hp, li thuc v "Chn nh v vi". V c php thanh tnh ca by thc trc, cng chung gi l Nh Lai tng. Tm li, hp cc danh t trn so snh v chn la, th danh t "A na" l hon b hn c. IV. CHE CI "TH" CA THC A NA Y theo on trn nghim khc la chn, qu v bit i khi thc ny ri, v thy ch nn chn ly danh t A na m thi. n y mi l phn ct yu ca bn lun ny. Chng ta thy c ci danh ngha, th ci danh ngha tt nhin phi y trn mt ci th m t ra. Vy ci "Th" ca A na thc th no ? _ p: Tc l cc php; khng th ri cc php m ring tm c thc A na c. Phi bit tri, t, nhn, vt ton l thc A na, song chng ta khng thy c "thc A na" m ch thy tri, t, nhn, vt; l v b hai mn chp: Ng, Php thng hin hnh. Cng nh ngi nhm con mt, thy cc hoa m h khng. V con mt b nhm, nn ch thy hoa m m khng thy c h khng. Chng sanh v b hai chp (Ng, Php) v hai chng (phin no chng v s tri chng) m nh, nn khng thy c thc A na m ch thy cc vt tp nhim. C nhn ni: "Nhc nhn thc c tm, tc i a v thn th": Nu ngi ng c chn tm ri, th qu i a khng cn mt tc t (Kinh Lng nghim), tc l ci y vy.

1. Tr t tr hu c ca bc i thnh duyn cnh A na thc: _ "Ting" l ci b nghe ca tai, "Sc" l ci b thy ca mt. Do c ci tn "ting" v "sc", nn c th ch ra ci th ca ting v sc. Nay chng ta nghe tn v bit ngha ca thc A na, vy phi ch ci th (hnh th) ca n ra th xem. _ Thc A na, mt khng thy c n v tai cng khng nghe c n; nh th lm sao ch ra ci th ca n cho c ! chng ta ch y theo Kinh, Lun ca Pht v do l lun m bit c thc A na. Nh on vn trc, dn trong Thnh Duy thc lun ni: "C ci cng nng duy tr s kt ni i sau", do m suy xt bit c thc A na ny; hoc "C cng nng gi th thn th v th gii", do m so snh bit c thc A na ny; hoc "C ci cng nng gi gn chng t ca cc php", do m kho xt, bit c thc A na. Nhng s hiu bit v thc A na y, l do so lng suy lun m bit, nn khng th ch by r rng ci th ca thc ny. Cng nh cc nh Trit hc, ch suy lun m thm, ngh ngi mt cch xa xm m thi, khng c cht g c th. Th nh c ngi cha tng n L sn, ch nghe ngi ni phong cnh L sn, hoc thy cc hnh chp cc cnh, ri phn bit: ch kia l ni i lm, ch n l ni Ng lo, ch l ni C lnh ...ch do so lng suy tng m bit, ch cha tng thn hnh n xem cnh L sn. Bit thc A na ny cng th, chng qua nghe king sch hoc l lun ri so snh m bit. Mun trc tip bit thc A na, phi l bc i thnh dng ci "Tr t tr hu c" mi thy bit c thc ny. Ch "i thnh" nich "i" l la ring Tiu tha; ni ch "Thnh" L la ring phm phu, tc l ch c bc B Tt t S a sp ln. "Tr" c hai loi: 1. "Cn bn tr", tc l Nh l tr (cng gi l V phn bit tr). 2. "Hu c tr", tc l Nh lng tr (cng gi l Sai bit tr). "Hu c tr li c hai phn: 1. T tr hu 1c tr; 2. Thip tha hu c tr. Thc A na ny, ch c tr "T tr hu c" mi bit c. Qu v Pht, v "Thn t th dng" th dng "T tr hu c tr" (cn Thn tha th dng, th dng Thip tha Hu c tr). Trong bn tr, m ba tr trc, tc: i vin cnh tr, Bnh ng tnh tr v Diu quan st tr, mi tr u c hai tr l: Cn bn v Hu c; duy ch c tr th t l "Thnh s tc tr", th ch c "Hu c tr" m khng c "Cn bn tr", v khng thn chng c "Chn nh". B Tt ch dng ci tr "T tr hu c" ca Bnh ng tnh tr v Diu quan st tr m chng bit thc A na ny.

Thc th By, khi cha chuyn thnh tr, th ch duyn kin phn ca bt thc; khi chuyn thnh tr ri, cng c th bit c tt c php; song ch bit cc php u l thc A na. Trong Du d v phm Chn tht chp: Nguyn vn ch Hn "B Tt t tnh gi lp; Tm, T duy hu t tnh gi lp d. Nh tht thng t liu tri sc ng tng s trung, duy t tnh gi lp; phi b s t tnh nhi t b s t tnh hin hin". Dch ngha "B Tt ni t tnh gi lp; Tm, T ch c t tnh gi lp m thi. Nh tht thng sut r bit sc ...trong s tng tng, duy t tnh gi lp, khng phi ci s t tnh kia, m in nh ci s t tnh kia hin hin". Nu la c ci s t tnh gi lp, tc l B Tt an tr niNh huyn Tam ma a; lc by gi cc php s duyn (b bit) u nh cnh huyn, Duy thc bin hin. Bi th nn kinh chp: "Bin Tng thc thng tr" (Tng thc hi thng tr). n qu v Pht, c vin mn thnh tu bn tr, mi hay hiu bit rt ro cng tn thc A na ny; do an tr ni Hi n tam mui, mi hay r bit khp gip cc php "Nh huyn bt khng". y ti ch lc ni B Tt dng tr T tr hu c, chng bit c thc A na; nu qu v mun hiu bit r rng, xin ch dp khc. 2. Tr cn bn duyn cnh "Chn nh": _ on trn ch ci th ca A na thc, tc l ch ci "th" ni s tng,khng phi ci "th" ca th tnh (chn nh); nn trong Lun chp: "Hin ra tng t nh ci th kia". R bit c th tnh chn nh, th ch c cn bn tr. Ch cn bn tr mi chng bit c v tng chn nh; cng nh nh Vt cht hc ni: Ton c v tr ch l vt cht( nguyn cht); cn nh Sanh vt hc ni l Sanh c ...Bi th nn sch chp:"Ngi nhn th thy l nhn; k tr li thy l tr". _Tr T tr hu c bit thc A na, th tt c php u thc A na; Tr Cn bn bit Chn nh th tt c php u l Chn nh. 3. Tr Thip tha hu c, duyn cnh cc php nhim v tnh. _ Pht, B Tt ny i vi Pht, B Tt kia, hay i vi cc chng sanh cng nhau giao thip, cho n lp ra T nhip php, Lc ...tt c cc php thin xo, u dng tr "Thip tha hu c" ny m lp ra. Nh tr ny m r bit c cc php Thnh, Phm; no mnh no ngi, no nhim tnh v bit c tnh ham mun ca mi chng sanh khng ng, ri cng vi chng giao thip v tu theo cn c gio ho. Cng do tr ny, nn c B Tt thng cu

Pht o, h ho hu tnh v Nh Lai hin thn ni php. Tuy phn bit cc php t, tha, nhim, tnh, song cng tc khi r bit cc php u nh huyn nh ho, Duy thc bin hin. 4. Tr ca tiu tha, duyn cnh T , cc php nhim v tnh._Thinh vn tu php T , Duyn gic qun 12 Nhn duyn, chng c sanh khng chn nh (ng khng). Hai v ny tuy u chng v ng, nhng cn php chp: chp tht c bn , php Nhim (kh, tp) tr, php Tnh (Dit, o) chng; khng bng B Tt r bit cc php u Duy tm bin hin. Cnh gii Nhn khng ca Nh tha, ch Pht v B Tt cng chng bit. 5. Tr ca chng sanh (D sanh), tu theo mi loim t duyn cnh v tr, vt ng ca mnh. Tr (thc) ca chng sanh (D sanh) trong ba ci ng, tc l cc hu lu h vng phn bit thuc v hai chp (ng chp, php chp) v tng ng vi hai chng (phin no chng v s tr chng); tu theo nghip bo sanh lm loi no, th hin ra v tr vt ng ca loi . V tr vt ng ca loi ny, khng phi ca loi kia; V tr vt ng ca loi kia, khng phi ca loi ny. Nh ng mt sng Hng, m ngi thy l nc, ng qu thy l la, cn tri li thy ngc Lu ly. Bi th nn trong kinh Lng nghim chp: "Tu theo nghip bo ca chng sanh nh th no, th tm n hin ra cnh vt nh th y, y theo s hiu bit ca chng" (Tu D sanh tm, ng s tri lng, tun nghip pht hin). Chng sanh khng bit cc cnh th gian u duy tm bin hin, nn tu theo mi loi, kh ra tnh "Bin k", chp ci "tng" ri t ra cai "tn"; gi th ny l "ng", chp th kia l "php". Bi th nn tu theo mi loi, u c mi v tr, vt ng khc nhau; song u l cnh b bit do tr h vng phn bit ca chng sanh (D sanh). T trc n nay, ch cn c theo 5 v tr hiu bit ca Thnh, phm m phn bit c 5 lp. Nu ri cc tr phn bit ny, th khng cn danh t g c th gi c, khng th an lp v cng khng th t by ra nh th no c c; ch gng gng gi l "Nht chn php gii" m thi. n cnh gii ny khng cn ni nng v suy ngh c na (Ngn ng o on, tm hnh x dit). V. HI CC TN GII THCH Thc A na l cnh b duyn ca tr "T tr hu c". Bi theo mi kha cnh ca thc ny, nn t ra c rt nhiu tn. Nay hi cc tn li gii thch. Thc ny v cha ng chng t ca cc php tp nhim, nn gi l "A na"._ V b nghip thin v c i trc ko dn i lnh th bo thn D thc i sau, nn gi l "D thc thc"._ V lm nhn duyn sanh cc php nh huyn; v ng, php ca chng sanh chp, u do thc ny bin hin, nn gi "S nng bin"._ Khi chng ng B d nit bn thnh Nh Lai, th thc ny chuiyn phn tp nhim i li thnh v cu thanh tnh,

nn gi l "Ym ma la thc"._ V c cng nng cha nhm (tch tp) chng t cc php v phn bit, nn gi l "Tm"._ V lm cn bn ca cc php nhim tnh, nn gi l "Cnbn thc"._ Trong cc thc, thic ny ng v th Tm, nn gi l " bt thc". V cha chng t ca tt c php nn gi "Nht th chng thc"._ Khi cha la c cc php tp nhim th "Nh Lai v cu thc" b v minh tp nhim che giu, nn gi l "Nh Lai tng". Tm li, v thc ny c nhiu nhim v, nn c nhiu danh ngha khc nhau. VI. CHE NHNG CH SAI LM Cc nh phin dchv ch gii, v khng r thc A na ny, nn trong nhng kinh lun dch c nhiu ch sai lm, khng thk xit. Trong Nhip i tha lun, c ci th d "ngi m r voi" tc l ni bi khng r thc ny, nn sanh ra cc mn vng chp. Nay ch cn c trong nhng kinh lun i tha, ni v thc A na ny, bin minh mt vi on. 1. i Bc Ngu, Ngi B Lu Chi dch b lun Hoa nghim Thp a kinh, ri y theo lun ny lp ra Tn a lun. Trong Tn ny, nhn thy thc A na c ngha "chp tr" (nm gi) ri lm vi thc th By l thc chp ng; khng bit ngha "chp tr" ca thc A na l chp tr (gi gn) chng t, cn thn v th gii, khng cho mt; ci "chp" ny so vi ci "chp ng" ca thc th By khc nhau. Lm thc A na vi thc th By l ci lm rt to ! Ci lm ny lu truyn lu i cho n thnh sch, nn trong sch v ca Thin Thai tn thng thy dn ra. Bi tri qua thi gian lu i, cho n cc bc i c tin bi cng tha k nhau dng, nn nhng nh hc gi i sau khng bit ly u ra quyt nh phi quy ! Hm nay bit c s sai lm y do phin dch, th hc gi ht nghi ng. 2. Trong Tn a lun, cn ci lm th hai, l ni "thc th Tm l thanh tnh, thc th By l nhim ; khi chuyn thc thnh tr, l dit 7 thc nhim trc thnh thic th Tm thun tnh". Ci sai lm ny cn tha k n ngy nay, c lu truyn cho rng dit 7 thc trc hoc 6 thc trc v.v...Nh khu u thin. Ch ny rt nn em ra ph tr. Ch Pht v B Tt dng cn bn tr, thn chng chn nh. Cnh gii ny rt thm thy v t nh, khng th ni nng v suy ngh c. Nh bn Thin tn gi: "u non th nht khng cho ni nng v hiu bit" ( nht phong u, bt dung hoi hi). V cc php duyn khi, nh Php gii duyn khi, A li da duyn khi ...u t tr Hu c m t lm ra. Nh bn Thin tn ni:"u non th hai mi kh thng lng" ( nh phong u, lc kh thng lng).

Duy c Pht, thc th Tm mi c thun tnh; cn t B Tt sp xung th thc th Tm cha ri nhim. Nu thc th Tm thun tnh, th cc php duyn khi tp nhim khng thnh (v khng c ci g cha gi cc chng t tp nhim). Nu ni "do 7 thc trc tp nhim cha gi chng t, nn cc php tp nhim hin hnh c thnh tu". _ Ni nh vy cng khng hp l; v 7 thc trc khng th gi gn chng t ca cc php c. Cc php khng chng t, th khng th sanh c. Nu chp "v nhn sanh" (khng c nguyn nhn m c sanh) l theo ngoi o, ch khng phi Pht t. Li na, nu chp nh th th ch Pht khng bn tr, v dit 7 thc tp nhim trc, m thnh thc th Tm thanh tnh, th khng c Diu quan st tr ho Bnh ng tnh tr ... Bi nhng l trn, nn ngoi Pht ra, t B Tt sp xung, th thc th Tm chng c thun tnh, ch l "v ph v k"; phi nh th mi hp l. 3. Ngi chn Tam tng Php s ni: "Ym ma la (Bch tnh thc) l thc th Chn, thc th Tm l thc nhim tnh ho hip; 7 thc trc l thc nhim , khi chuyn nhim thnh tnh, l dit ht 7 thc nhim trc v dit lun mt phn nhim ca thc th Tm; lc by gi ch cn phn thanh tnh ca thc th Tm, thnh ra thc th Chn". _ Tht ra, chng qua ch b phn tp nhim ca thc th Tm, chng ton phn thanh tnh ca n m thi. V cng khng phi dit ton th thc th Tm m c mt ci thc khc gi l thc th Chn. Ci sai lm ny do ngi dch vn ch Phn khng r ngha m ra. Nh ngy nay c ngi, gi l bc "hc gi", dch sch v Duy thc i Minh v Thanh ra ch ngoi quc, sai lm rt nhiu. Song ngi i nghe ni "nh Hc gi", th tn trng v t ht s tin tng vo h, ri c tha truyn dng theo, khng dm ngh n sai lm. Gn y c ngi dung ho ci sai lm ny, li chia lm C hc v Kim hc. Tht ra C hc l li dch sai lm, ch Duy thc hc ch l mt, khng c C v Kim. Mt ng kia y theo i tha trang nghim lun, ri khn kho lp ra Duy thc c hc. ng ni rng: "Ci tn thc th Chn ca Ngi Chn ni l y theo Chn nh m lp ra". Song "Chn nh" l tht tnh ca thc; v tht tnh ca thc nn gi gi (tm gi) l thc, cng tm thng ; nhng khng c gi "Chn nh" l Ym ma la thc (Bch tnh thc). Kho st theo vn bi tng ca kinh Nh Lai xut hin cng c, th thc Ym ma la l ch cho phn thanh tnh ca thc th Tm, ch khng phi chn nh v cng khng th ring gi l thc th Chn. Bi th nn khng bng y theo kinh Lng gi lp ci "Chn

tng thc" l thc th Chn.bi v ci "Chn tng thc" trong kinh Lng gi ni , tc l "chn nh" vy. Ngi Chn cho "Ym ma la" l thc th Chn, khng phi Ngi ch "tnh Chn nh bnh ng khp cc php" lm thc th Chn; m Ngi ch bo ring phn thanh tnh ca thc th Tm, l thc th Chn nn khng ng. Trong Ma ha din thch lun, ni c mi mn thc, m Ym ma la l thc th Chn v KIn tht tm l thc th Mi. Trong cng y theo phn thanh tnh ca thc th Tm ri gi t ra thc th Chn v y theo "chn nh" ri gi t ra thc th Mi thi. Mt ng khc dn trong Pht a kinh lun, gii ngha bi tng trong Cng c kinh, li ni "i vin cnh tr l phn thanh tnh ca thc th Tm, cng vi thc Ym ma la l thc th Chn, hip nhau". Song xt theo vn bi tng, th khng phi nh vy. Nguyn vn ch Hn Nh Lai v cu thc Th tnh v lu gii Gii thot nht th chng Vin cnh tr tng ng Ngha l: Thc v cu ca Nh Lai l cnh gii v lu thanh tnh; gii thot tt c chng, hip vi tr i vin cnh. Bi tng ny ni "Thc v cu ca Nh Lai", tc l ch cho phn thanh tnh Tm vng, Tm s ca thc th Tm; cn ni "Vin cnh tr", tc l ch cho cc "Tr" tng ng vi thc ny. Do phn thanh tnh ca thc th Tm gii thot tt c chng, nn cng vi "Tr" hip nhau. Tuy ni rng: "Cng vi tr hip nhau", m tht ra th phn thanh tnh ca thc th Tm vi Thin tm s v.v...m thi; song v ci "Tr" th thng, nn ni "cng tr hip nhau" vy. Trong Pht a kinh lun, hip chung thanh tnh Tm vng, tm s ca thc th Tm, gi l "i vin cnh tm", chng phi ni "cng vi chn nh hay thc th Tm hip nhau" vy. VII. LP TN im c bit th thng ca Duy Thc Tn l ni tc th Tm. Nu r c th A na ny, tc l r bit c "Tt c php Duy thc". Bi th nn lun ny ly vi "ni r tt c php Duy thc" lm tn.

Li na, c th nh y m thnh lp "Nht th php nh huyn" v tt c php u Duy thc hin ra vy. Cn c theo thc th Tm, thnh lp : tn Duy tc", ni nhiu trong Nhip i tha lun v Thnh Duy thc lun. VIII. CNG DNG CA LUN NY Nu y theo Ng, Php ca tnh "Bin k s chp" m ni, th ch c ngn nga ph chp m thi; khi ng chp v php chp ht ri th chng c qu B ; nh trong Bt Nh v Tam lun tn (khng tn) khng thnh lp mt php g c. Song, nu i vi k tr km, th mc v "chp khng", nn cng khng th thu sut c "tht tng" ca cc php. Nh cc T Thin tn, ch xng "chng cn bn tr", nu ai ng c th ng, bng khng ng c th thi, ch khng c quyn bin khai th phng tin. Nh th cng mt mt phn no trong cng vic sanh ca B Tt. Cn Hin th tn .. (Hoa nghim tn) th ni cnh, tr ca Nh Lai rt l vin dung mu nhim; nh th cng mc v ch h v huyn diu. Cng dng th thng ca Lun ny, l ch thng vo tm con ngi, ni r thc A na. Thc ny thng c Thnh, Phm; ni ngi v cng tc l ngi. Lun ny ch tt c php do thc ny biu hin, nn khin cho ngi khng chp tn gim (bt). Bi tt c php Duy thc bin hin, nh huyn nh ha, nn cng khin cho ngi khng chp tng ch (thm). Tm li, i dng ca bn lun ny l ngn nga v ph tr hai ci chp: Tng ch (thm: c) v tn gim (bt: khng) khin cho ngi ng nhp tnh Duy thc: phi hu phi v. Dch xong ti cha Pht Quang Tr n Tit Trung thu nm Canh T (1960)

DUY THC HC TP 5 DUY THC TAM THP TNG D GII

Ngi THIN THN B Tt to lun Ngi HUYN TRANG Php s dch ch Phn ra ch Hn ng NG I VIN gii d gn Sa mn THCH THIN HOA dch li ch Vit v lc gii LI CA DCH GI Pht ra i sanh gn na th k, thuyt php trn 300 hi,ni ra 84.000 php mn, no quyn, thit, n, tim, cc phng tin u dy by; chung qui li ch c hai phn: php tng v php tnh. Duy thc tn l mt trong Php tng.

L Duy thc, trong cc kinh in, Pht ni nhiu. V sau cc v B Tt trch lc li, sp xp theo h thng, c th lp, bin thnh sch, lp thnh tn, gi l php tng tn hay Duy thc tn. Nh vo khong 900 nm, sau khi Pht dit , c Ngi B Tt Thin thn, y theo cc kinh, vit qua quyn "Duy thc tam thp tng" v.v...n sau c 10 v i lun s (1) ra i, tun t gii thch quyn "Duy thc tam thp tng" lp thnh mi b i lun. Trong s y, b s gii ca Ngi H php l c phn hon b hn ht. n i ng, Trung Hoa c Ngi Tam Tng Php s Huyn Trang, tr tu v saong, thng minh xut chng, pht tm qua n , nghin cu Pht php 18 nm trng (xem b Huyn Trang ca V nh Cng), Ngi rt thng v Duy thc tn. Sau khi tr v nc, Ngi phin dch rt nhiu kinh sch, m quyn "Duy th tam thp tng" ca Btt Thin Thn l mt. Ngi li cn lm lt nhng tinh hoa s gii trong 10 b lun ca 10 v i lun s, ri phin dch ra ch Trung Hoa, lm thnh mt b mi quyn, mnh danh l "Thnh Duy thc lun". t ln ca Ngi Huyn Trang l Khuy C, tri qua thi gian my mi nm hu Thy, c c truyn v mn Duy thc hc ny, nn s gii li b "Thnh Duy thc lun" n 60 quyn, t tn l "Thnh Duy thc lun thut k". n sau, Ngi Huyn Trang mun cho ngi hc d nh, nn lm 12 bi tng (mi bi bn cu) tm tt ngha l rng ri u huyn ca Duy thc, t tn l "bt thc qui c tng". nh rng sch v Duy thc rt nhiu, v cc v B Tt nhm nhiu kha cnh ca Duy thc m phn tch ging gii, song c ba bn, t xa n nay c xem l chnh tng, l cn bn ca Duy thc hc: 1. i tha b php minh mn lun: Ni v php s (danh t chuyn mn) ca Duy thc. 2. Duy thc tam thp tng: Ni v ngha chnh ca Duy thc. 3. Bt thc qui c tng: Tm tt ngha l bao la ca Duy thc. V sau cc hc gi hoc sang tc hoc gii thch sch v Duy thc, u cn c vo ba bn lun y, khai thc nhiu kha cnh, ri tn rng ra hoc lm cho ni bt nhng im quan trng. Bn "i tha b php minh mn lun" v bn "Bt thc qui c tng" Ti dch v gii ri, hip chung li di nhan l "Duy thc nhp mn". Cn bn "Duy thc tam thp tng" ny, nay mi dch xong. Ni dung ca lun ny, do Ngi B Tt Thin Thn dng 24 bi tng u, ni v Duy thc tng, bi tng th 25 ni v Duy thc tnh, 5 bi tng sau l ni v Duy thc v; hay ni mt cch khc l: Duy thc cnh, Duy thc hnh v Duy thc qu (xem 2 ci biu cui quyn ny).

Qu v mun nghin cu v Duy thc hc, trc nht nn c k 3 bn lun ny. Cng nh ngi hc ngh v, trc phi hc ng tho, ri sau mi phn ming. Huyn diu thay !Cng ba bn lun ny, m t xa n nay, khng bit bao nhiu v i lun s v cc nh hc gi, s gii mi cng khng cng. Chng ta ch nn c ngh nng cn: hc s lc chnh vn hay c li s gii th s ca ba bn lun ny, ri cho l y . Phi hc mi, coi nhiu, chng ta s thy rng hoa Duy thc, tht khng bit bao nhiu mu sc tt ti xinh p. Knh Sa mn THCH THIN HOA LI TA Trong Duy thc ni "Thc A li da", tc l ni v php chng sanh, ng l phi d hiu, ti sao li rt kh hiu ? Tuy ni v php chng sanh, song chng sanh c v lng v bin, nn li ni cng phi v lng v bin; y l iu kh th nht. Li na, bn Thin tn th ch thng v "Tm php" nn khng cn vn t ng ngn; cn Duy thc tn li khai phng tin, dng vn t, ng ngn. dng vn t bin chp v li ni lun bn, nhng s l v lng v bin, cho nn li ni phi nhiu, vn t phi thm; y l iu kh th hai. Bi hai iu kh trn, nn mn hc Duy thc ny ngy xa b bt tm, cho n ngy nay ngi hc Pht, phn nhiu cng trnh ch kh m tm ni d: nghe ni n Duy thc th thi lui. i khi cng c ngi c gng tm hc, song likhng gp ca vo ! i Vin ny m p ch li tha t lu, nn i vi vic kh khn ny nhiu ln lu . Nn tng u tin ca Duy thc hc l quyn: "i tha b php minh mn lun" v quyn "Duy thc tam thp tng". Song, nu theo nhng bn ch gii v i ng th rt kh khn; ngi s hc khng d g nhp c. Cn nhng bn Duy thc thuc v i Minh ch gii, li s ngu truyn. Bi th nn ti cn c theo bn ch gii xa (i ng), ri ci to vn th nhng ch ngha l thm thu kh hiu, th ti lm cho r rng d hiu; cn nhng ch phin phc, th ti thanh gin cho gn gng. V th nn ti t tn quyn sch ny l "Duy thc d gin" (Duy thc d gn).

Bi "d", nn ngi c d hiu v c th c lu, v "gn" nn ngi hc d theo v c th c nhiu. Nay ti ging 30 bi tng Duy thc ny, l mun cho ngi hc d hiu v d theo, d tin n vic c nhiu, c lu v mn Duy thc hc vy. NG I VIN BI TH NHT DUY THC TAM THP TNG D GII GII MC "Duy thc" _ Thc l phn bit; c hai phn: 1. S phn bit (b bit) gi l cnh, hoc gi l s vt, tc l ni, sng, rung, vn ...2. Nng phn bit (ci bit) gi l thc, tc l ci tc dng phn bit hay nhn bit cc cnh vt. Cnh vt c hnh tng, thc khng hnh tng. Ngi i u ni hai vt ny ( vt cht, tinh thn) ring khc; tht ra nng phn bit (bit) v s phn bit (b bit) cng u l thc; ngoi thc ra khng c vt g khc. Bi th nn gi l Duy thc. Ngi i v chp tt c s vt l tht c, nn khng tin l duy thc. Nay mn hc ny, gii thch cho ngi bit: tt c s vt, ch c thc bin hin, khng phi tht c, nn gi l "Duy thc hc". "Tam thp tng" _ Theo l thng, trong kinh Pht, mi mt bi l bn cu; nay dng 30 bi tng, gii thch ngha mu nhim ca Duy thc, cho nn quyn lun ny gi l "Duy thc tam thp tng". "D gii" _ Nguyn vn bn lun ny c 30 bi tng, do ngi B Tt Thin Thn to ra. Vn t kh m ngha l li thm, ngi hc rt kh hiu. Nay ti gii thch bn lun ny, dng nhng li l gn gng d hiu, nn gi l "D gii". CHNH VN Hi: _ Nu ch c thc, ti sao ngi th gian v trong Pht gio, u ni c Ng v Php ? LC GII Ngi i chp tt c s vt, nh ni, sng, c, cy ...u tht c. Nay li nghe ni:"Cc cnh vt y u do thc bin hin, ch l gi tng, ch khng phi tht c", th h quyt nh khng tin. Bi th nn Lun ch xng Duy thc hc, t ra nhng li vn p, gii thch cc iu nghi ng .

C ngi hi: _ Nu ch c thc m thi, th ti lm sao, ngi th gian v trong Pht gio u ni c Ng, Php ? Nu l Duy thc ng, th li ngi th gian v Pht gio ni sai, cn nu th gian v Pht gio ni ng, th l Duy thc phi sai. Hai thuyt rt mu thun nhau, vy bn no ni ng l ? Cu hi ny rt kh, nu khng phi bc B Tt tr hu v bin, th khng d g tr li c. "Ng php" ngha l g?_ "Ng" l ch t (t ch, c quyn sp t). Nh ngi i chp thn ny l "ta"; c quyn t ch, t ti v sai khin sp t cc vic, nh thgi l "Ng". "Php" l khun php v gi gn; ngha l t n gi gn bn cht ca n, lm cho ngi xem n, th bit l vt g. (Nhm tr t tnh, qu sanh vt gii). Nh ci bn trc mt y, t n gi gn bn cht cng nhc, hnh dng di rng hoc cao thp v c cng nng cha vt. Mt khi ngi xem n th bit l ci bn. Nh th gi l "php". Ngi th gian chp ng, nh chp thn mng loi hu tnh, u c quyn t ch, t ti v sai khin sp xp mi vic. Ngi th gian chp php, khng ngoi ba im: Tht (bn cht), c (hnh dng), Nng (cng dng). Nh h chp nh ca c cy, v.v ...l tht c (tht) hnh dng tt hay xu (c) v cng dng ca n (nghip); mi mn u gi l mt php. Trong Pht gio ni ng, nh ni "Tu hon, Tu hm, A Na Hm, A la Hn, v.v ...". mi tn u hm n ngha: ta chng, ta c t ch v t ti. Trong Pht gio ni Php, nh ni "5 un, 12 x, 18 gii, v.v...". mi php u t gi gn bn cht (t tnh) v hnh dng ca n; khi ngi xem n, c th bit l vt g. Nhng chng ta phi ch im ny: Trong Pht gio ni "ng" , khng ng vi ngi th gian "chp ng". Nh kinh Kim Cang ni: "Gi l Tu Hon (Nhp lu) m khng c Tu Hon (v s nhp) th mi gi l Tu Hon, v.v ..." em on kinh ny chng minh, th chng ta thy trong kinh tuy ni "Ng", song ch c gi danh m thi, khng phi nh th gian chp c tht Ng. p:_Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Do gi thuy Ng Php Hu chng chng tng chuyn B y thc s bin.

Dch ngha Lun ch ni ba cu tng tr li rng: Th gian v Thnh gio u gi ni c Ng, Php; bi v cc tng Ng, Php kia u do thc sanh ra vy. LC GII i ba cu tng ny ni: Do th gian v Thnh gio u gi ni c Ng, Php, ri t trn thc ca ngi nghe t bin ra hnh tng ca Ng, Php. NI V TNG NG, PHP CA TH GIAN Nh c ng6i ang ngi yn trong nh ti, bng nghe ngi ni: " gc nh kia c con qu". Lc by gi trn thc ca h lin bin ra con qu,tc tai x x, hnh tng rt gh s, mun chp bt ngi. Tht ra khng c qu, nhng trn thc ngi nghe li bin ra qu. y l tng Ng ca th gian, do thc bin vy. C ngi ngi trong nh, nghe ni: "Tuyt ri ngoi sn". Lc by gi trn thc h t bin ra hnh tng tuyt bay trng xo. Tht ra khng c tuyt, nhng trn thc ca ngi nghe li bin ra c hnh tng ca tuyt. y l tng Php ca th gian, di thc bin ra vy. NI V TNG NG, PHP TRONG THNH GIO Nh c ngi nghe trong kinh ni: "Pht c 32 tng". Ri t trn thc ca h t bin ra tng Pht tt p l thng. y l tng "Ng" trong Thnh gio, do thc bin ra. Hoc nghe ni: "Ci Pht c 7 mn bu trang nghim"; ri t trn thc ca h bin ra cnh Tnh . y l tng "Php" trong Thnh gio, do thc bin hin. *** Ngoi nhn nghe Lun Ch ni: "Cc tng Ng, Php u do thc bin hin", th tt nhin h phi nghi rng: Hnh tng ca thc th no? V c bao nhiu chng loi? V on tm l ca ngoi nhn, nn Lun ch ni tip ba cu tng, tr li rng: Nguyn vn ch Hn Th nng bin duy tam V: D thc, T lng

Cp Liu bit cnh thc Dch ngha Thc Nng bin ny c 3 loi: 1. D thc thc (thc th Tm) 2. T lng thc (thc th By) 3. Liu Bit cnh thc (6 thc trc). LC GII on trn ni: "Do thc bin ra cc tng Ng, Php". c cnh s bin (b bin) tt nhin phi c thc nng bin. on ny ni v thc nng bin. Thc nng bin c ba loi: 1. D thc thc, tc l thc th Tm 2. T lng thc, tc l thc th By 3. Liu bit cnh thc, tc l 6 thc trc (t nhn thc cho n thc). Ba loi thc Nng bin ny, nu phn tch ra th c tm thc (Nhn thc, Nh thc, T thc, Thit thc, Thn thc, thc, Mt na thc v A li da thc) BI TH HAI CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn lc ni ci "tn", nhng cha ni r ci "tng" ca thc Nng bin; vy cai "tng" ca thc Nng bin th nht th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: S A li da thc D thc, Nht th chng. Dch ngha

Lun ch ni tng (10 cu) tr li rng: Thc Nng bin th nht tn l A li da, cng gi l D thc thc hay Nht th chng thc. LC GII Thc Nng bin th nh?t c ba tng: I. T tng (th); ting Phn gi l "A li da", Tu dch l "Tng". Ch Tng c ba ngha: 1. Nng tng: Thc ny c cng nng cha tt c chng t (ht ging) ca cc Php thin c; cng nh ci kho c cng nng cha la. 2. S tng: Thc ny c ch cha chng t ca cc Php; cng nh ci kho l ch cha la. 3. Ng i chp tng: Thc ny thng b thc th By i luyn chp lm ng. N nh ngi gi kho, gi gn chng cho la mt (chp tng). II. Qu tng (qu), gi l "D thc thc". Ch D thc c ba ngha: 1. D thi nhi thc: Khc thi m chn. D nh tri xoi, t khi sanh cho n khi chn, thi gian khc nhau. 2. D loi nhi thc: Khc loi m chn. D nh tri xoi, khi nh tnh chua, n chn li ngt. 3. Bin d nhi thc: Bin khc cht m chn. D nh tri xoi, khi nh th xanh, n khi gi chn bin i li vng. V thc D thc ny lnh th thn qu bo, nn gi l D thc qu. Tnh cht ca D thc qu l v k (khng nht nh thin hay c); song v nghip nhn i trc ca n, li c thin v c. Bi ly nghip nhn (thin c) i vi qu (v k) m ni, nn c ba ngha: Khc thi gian chn (D thi nhi thc), khc loi m chn (D loi nhi thc) v bin i chn (Bin d nhi tc). 1. D thi ... D thc 2. D loi ... nh thc 3. Bin d ... Qu (v k) Nhn (thin, c)

III. Nhn tng (nhn), gi l Nht th chng tc. Tt c cc php hin tng (hin hnh) trong th gian v xut th gian, u c chng t (cng nng tim tng) ca n. Cc chng t ny u cha trong thc th Tm (tng thc). Cc chng t l "nhn" khi hin ra cc Php l "qu". V theo "nhn tng" (chng t), nn gi thc ny l "Nht th chng". Nguyn vn ch Hn Bt kh tri chp th X liu thng d xc Tc th tng t Tng ng duy x th Dch ngha Khng th bit hnh tng nng duyn v cng nng gi gn chng t, lnh th thn th v th gii ca thc ny c. Thc ny thng tng ng vi nm mn bin hnh l: xc, tc , th, tng v t. Song trong cc th, n ch tng ng vi x th. LC GII Hnh tng thc Nng bin th nht rt l t nh ! Bi ngi i tm th khng th bit c, nn ni "Bt kh tri". Nhng vic ca thc ny m ngi i khng th bit c, c hai phn: 1. Thc ny gi gn chng t, th gii, thn th v lm cho thn th sanh ra cm gic, lnh th; ngha l thc th Tm ny bin hin ra th gii v chng sanh ri gi gn khng cho mt; y l in kh bit th nht. 2. Hnh tng nng duyn (liu) ca thc ny, rt su xa v t nh, y l iu kh bit th hai. Khng 1. Kin phn nng duyn ca thc ny (liu) Th bit 2. Tng phn b 1. Chng t Duyn ca thc 2. Thn th (chp th) Ny 3. Th gii (x) Tm thc, phn lm ba mn nng bin, u c quyn t ch, t ti; cng nh v Quc Vng, nn gi l Tm vng. Song nh v Quc vng phi c qun thn ph t, th

mi c th gi nc tr dn. Tm vng cng phi c b h tu tng gip mi hay to ra cc nghip. Nhng b h tu tng y l thuc Tm vng, khng c t ti, nn gi "Tm s", hoc gi l "Tm s hu"; ngha l ci s hu ca Tm vng. Li na, Tm s gip Tm vng to nghip, th Tm vng vi Tm s phi ng thun vi nhau nn gi l tng ng. Hi:_ C my Tm s tng ng vi thc ny? p:_ Ch c nm mn bin hnh thng tng ng vi thc ny l: Xc, Tc , Th, Tng v T. Xc: Tip xc. Nh con mt xen hoa, khi mi va tip xc vi hoa; l tc dng ca Xc Tm s. Th nh hai ngi ng i mt con ng; mt ngi i t phng ng n phng Ty, mt ngi i t phng Ty n phng ng; hai ngi gp nhau mt ch, gi l xc. Mt th d na, nh mn K h hc: trn ci hnh trn gch qua mt ng, ch ng nhau mt ch trn ng gch, l xc. Tc : Mng khi ci . Nh khi mun xem hoa, trc nht mng khi ci ; l "Tc Tm s". Ri n dn dt nhn thc xem hoa. Nu khng c tc dng ca Tm s ny, th d c gp hoa cng khng thy. Ngi i c khi i ngang qua vn y hoa, m khng thy hoa. Nh th l v trong lc , Tm s tc khng c tng ng vi nhn thc. Th: Lnh th. Nh khi thy hoa, c s cm th vui bun ... Tng: Tng tng. Nh sau khi thy hoa, ri tng tng hnh tng ca hoa hay vng, tt hay xu ... T: Lo ngh, to tc. Nh nhn thy hoa, ri lo ngha trng hoa hay b hoa ... Li na, "Th Tm s" c 3 loi: 1. Lc th: Th vui. Khi gp cnh thun, nh c ngi khen ngi, th cm th vui mng. 2. Kh th: Th kh. Khi gp cnh nghch, nh b ngi hu bng h nhc, th cm th bun kh. 3. X th: Th cnh khng vui bun. Khi gp cnh bnh thng khng thun nghch, nh trong lc khng c khen hay b ch, th cm th khng vui bun.

Tm li, thc th Tm ny, tng ng vi 5 mn Tm s Bin hnh v hnh tng ca n rt l t nh, khng c hin ra kh v vui, nn ch tng ng vi x th. Nguyn vn ch Hn Th v ph v k Xc ng dic nh th Dch ngha Tnh ca thc ny l v ph v k, nn nhng Tm s tng ng vi n, nh Xc, Tc ...cng v ph v k. LC GII Tnh ca cc php, tm li c 3 loi: 1. Tnh thin, 2. Tnh c, 3. Tnh v k (khng thin khng c). Tnh v k li chia lm 2 loi:1. V ph v k, 2. Hu ph v k _ Th nh mt gng, khng phi thin c, d cho "tnh v k"; khi b bi che lp nh sng, d cho "tnh hu ph v k". n lc lau chi sch bi; d cho "tnh v ph v k". Tm li, thc th Tm ny khng b cc phin no ngn che, nn thuc v tnh v ph v k. V nhng Tm s tng ng vi thc ny, nh Xx, Tc ...cng thuc v tnh v ph v k. Nguyn vn ch Hn Hng chuyn nh bc lu Dch ngha Hng chuyn bin nh dng nc chy mnh. LC GII Ngoi o chp cc php thng cn khng mt, nh th gi l chp "thng?; hoc chp cht ri mt hn, nh th gi l chp "on?. Nh duy thc ni: t v th n nay, thc ny hng chuyn bin lun, mi nim sanh dit tng tc khng gin on. Cng nh nc thc, t trn ni cao xung, mt dy trng xo; xa trng nh tm vi trng. V n hng chy lun, nn chng phi "on dit". Song n lin kt tip tc nhiu git, bin chuyn sanh dit lun, nn khng phi "thng nht".

Nguyn vn ch Hn A la hn v x ? Dch ngha n v A la hn mi x b thc ny (tng thc). LC GII Hi: Thc ny, sanh dit tng tc, l gc ca sanh t lun hi, vy phi tu n a v no mi x b n c ? p: Ngi tu hnh on ht phin no chng, n qu v A la hn, mi x b c thc "A li da". Song ch x b ci "danh", ch khng phi x b ci "th" ca thc ny. Hi: Ti sao khng x b ci "th", ca thc ny? p: Ci "th" ca thc ny c hai phn: nhim v tnh. Phn tnh tc l "Tr". Trong bi tng ni "x b thc ny", tc l chuyn thc thnh tr, ch khng phi x b. Nu x b ci "th" ca thc ny, th thnh ra on dit, thuc v ngoi o. Trong o Pht khng c ch trng on dit (mt hn). BI TH BA CHNH VN Hi: _ Trn ni thc nng bin th nht, cn thc nng bin th hai th no? p: _ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Th nh nng bin Th thc danh Mt na Y b chuyn, duyn b T lng vi tnh tng. Dch ngha Lun ch ny tng (12 cu) tr li rng:Thc nng bin th hai tn l Mt na. Thc ny do thc A li da sanh ra, ri tr li duyn thc A li da chp lm ng. Tnh v tng ca n thng lo ngh. LC GII

Trc ni thc Nng bin th nht, tip theo y ni thc Nng bin th hai, tc l thc th By. Ting Phn gi l Mt na, Tu dch l . Thc ny l "Cn" ca thc, ch khng phi thc (th 6). Thc ny nng thc A li da sanh khi, ri tr li duyn thc A li da chp lm ng. Cng nh ci tay t ni thn sanh ra, ri tr li h v ci thn. V thc ny tnh hay lo ngh, nn hin ra tng trng bn ngoi cng lo ngh. Nguyn vn ch Hn T phin no thng cu V: ng si, ng kin Tinh ng mn, ng i Cp d xc ng cu. Dch ngha Bn mn phin no thng chung cng vi thc ny l: Ng si, Ng kin, Ng mn, Ng i. Ngoi ra thc ny cn tng ng vi cc Tm s, nh Xc, Tc ... LC GII Trc ni thc nng bin th nht, thip theo y ni thc Nng bin th hai, tc l thc th By. Ting Phn gi l Mt na, Tu dch l . Thc ny l cn ca thc, ch khng phi l thc (th 6). Thc ny nng thc A li da sanh khi, ri tr li duyn thc A lai na chp lm ng. Cng nh ci tay t ni thn sing ra, ri tr li h v ci thn. V thc ny tnh hay lo ngh, nn hin ra tng trng bn ngoi cng lo ngh. Nguyn vn ch Hn T phin no thng cu V: ng si, ng kin Tinh ng mn, ng i Cp d xc ng cu. Dch ngha Bn mn phin no thng chung cng vi thc ny l: Ng si, Ng kin, ng i. Ngoi ra thc ny cn tng ng vi cc Tm s nh: Xc, Tc , v.v... LC GII

Nhng Tm s thng tng ng vi thc ny, l bn mn phin no: 1. Ng si (si m ci Ng), 2. Ng kin (Chp ci Ng), 3. Ng mn ( cao ci Ng ca mnh, khinh mn ngi), 4. Ng i (tham i ci Ng). Bi thc Mt ma thng chp thc A li da lm Ng, nn bn mn phin no tng ng vi thc ny, cng u do caqi Ng m sanh. V th nn trn mi mn phin no li thn ch Ng (Ng si, Ng kin, Ng mn, Ng i). Ngoi bn mn phin no trn, li cn c cc Tms, nh nm mn Bin hnh v tu phin no v.v...cng tng ng vi thc ny; nhng khng phi thng c nh bn mn phin no trn. Si, Kin, Cc Tm s 1. Thng chung khi Tng ng vi Mn, i. Thc ny 2. Khng thng Nm mn Bin hnh. Tu phin no v.v ... Nguyn vn ch Hn Hu ph vk nhip Tu s sanh s h A la hn, Dit nh Xut th o v hu Dch ngha Tnh ca thc ny l "hu ph v k". Tu thc A li da sanh v cnh gii no, th thc ny theo m chp Ng. Khi chng A la hn, nhp Dit tn nh v c vo o xut th, th khng cn thc ny. LC GII V bn mn phin no ngn che, nn tnh ca thc Mt ma thuc v hu ph v k. Li na, v thc ny do thc A li da sanh ra, nn tu theo thc A li da sanh v ci no, th n theo chp ng ci . Hi:_ Ngi tu hnh phi n a v no mi on c Ng chp v khng cn thc Mt ma? p:_ C ba a v:

1. n a v A la hn: V v ny x tng thc, nn thc Mt ma khng cn chp Ng. 2. Nhp dit tn nh: V nh ny dit ht cc Tm vng v Tm s ca by thc trc. 3. o xut th: Hnh gi khi ng ci tr hiu bit chn v ng v ng tr v lu hu c, th khng cn thc Mt ma. X Tng thc 1. A la hn khng cn Mt ma Dit ht Tm vng Tm Ba a v s ca 6 thc trc. Khng c 2. Dit tn nh Dit cc Tm s v phn Mt ma tp nhim ca thc Mt ma. c tr hiu bit chn 3. o xut th v ng ng tr v lu hu c CHNH VN Hi:_ Nh vy ni thc nng bin th hai, cn thc nng bin th ba th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Th tam nng bin Sai bit hu lc chng Liu cnh vi tnh tng Thin, bt thin, cu phi. Dch ngha Lun ch ni tng (2 bi) tr li rng: Thc nng bin th ba, c su mn sai khc. Tnh v tng ca thc ny u phn bit cnh (liu cnh). Thc ny c ba tnh: thin, c v v k (cu phi). LC GII

Thc nng bin th ba c su mn: 1. Nhn thc, 2. Nh thc, 3. T thc, 4. Thit thic, 5. Thn thc, 6. thc. Trong 8 thc, thc no cng u phn bit cnh; song thc th By v thc th Tm ch phn bit cnh t, cn 6 thc trc li phn bit cnh th; nn trong bi tng ni "Tnh tng n u phn bit cnh". Cng nh mt tri mt trng sng sut chiu soi khp thin h. Mt tri mt trng sng sut l d cho bn tnh ca thc ny; cn chiu soi l d cho tng dng ca thc ny. Su thc ny c 3 tnh: thin, c, v v k (khng thin c). Nguyn vn ch Hn Th Tm s bin hnh Bit cnh, thin, phin no Tu phin no bt nh Giai tam tho tng ng Dch ngha Nhng Tm s tng ng vi thc ny, nh: bin hnh, bit cnh, cn bn phin no, tu phin no, bt nh v ba th. LC GII Tm s do tm vng t , cng nh cc quan do Vua sp t, nh mt v quan ln c bao nhiu nhn vin. Tm s cng th, tt c 51 mn, phn lm 6 loi, mi loi c bao nhiu mn. Nay xin lit k sau y: 1. Bin hnh, c 5 mn 2. Bit cnh, c 5 mn 3. Thin, c 11 mn 4. Cn bn phin no, c 6 mn 5. Tu phin no, c 20 mn 6. Bt nh, c 4 mn. Ba th l:kh th, lc th, v x th. Tm li, thc ny tng ng vi 51 mn tm s v 3 th

BI TH T CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn lc nu 6 loi Tm s tng ng nay xin ni r hnh tng (hnh vi v tng trng) sai khc ca cc loi Tm s ny; vy 2 loi Tm s u tin th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: S bin hnh: Xc ng Th Bit cnh v: Dc Thng gii, Nim, nh, Hu S duyn s bt ng. Dch ngha Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Hai loi Tm s, u tin l Bin hnh, c nm mn: Xc, Tc , Th, Tng v T; loi Tm s th hai l Bit cnh, cng c nm mn: Dc, Thng gii, Nim, ng, Hu. Cng vic duyn cnh ca nm mn Bit cnh khng ng nhau. LC GII Bin hnh Tm s: Tm s ny i khp tt c: 1. i khp tt c thi gian (qu kh, hin ti, v lai). 2. i khp tt c khng gian (ba ci, chn a) 3. i khp tt c tnh (thin,c v v k). 4. i khp tt c thc (tm thc tm vng). Nm mn Bin hnh l: Xc, Tc , Th, tng v T. Trong bi ni v thc S nng bin trc, c ni v hnh tng ca nm mn Bin hnh Tm s ri, nn bi ny ch ni v nm mn Bit cnh. Bit cnh Tm s: Tm s ny c nm mn, mi mn duyn mi cnh gii khc nhau, khng th i khp tt c nh nm mn Bin hnh. Nm mn Bit cnh l: Dc, Thng gii, Nim, nh v Hu. 1. Dc: Mun; nh pht tm mun la trn tc, hoc mun hc Pht v.v ..., 2. Thng gii: Hiu bit r rng; nh hc Duy thc, hiu bit c r rng, 3. Nim: Nh ngh; nh ngy trc hc gio l, hm nay nh li, 4. nh: Chm ch; nh chm ch nghe hoc hc Duy thc, tm khng lon ng, 5. Hu: Tr hu; nhn nh nn sanh tr hu. V nm Tm s ny, mi mn duyn mi cnh v hnh tng khc nhau; cng nh nm ngi, mi ngi mi ch v lm mi vic khng ng, nn bi tng trn ni "S

duyn s bt ng": Cng vic duyn cnh ca nm mn Tm s ny khng ng. Bit cnh: 1. Dc Tm s duyn cnh b mong mun 2. Thng gii r rng 3. Nim nh li 4. nh chm ch 5. Hu qun st CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn ni hai loi Tm s bin hnh v bit cnh; cn hnh tng ca Thin Tm s th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Thin, v: Tn, Tm, Qu V tham ng tam cn Cn, An, Bt phng dt Hnh x cp Bt hi. Dch ngha Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Thin Tm s c 11 mn: Tn, Tm, Qu v ba thin cn l v tham, v sn, v si vi cn, an, bt phng dt, hnh x v bt bai. LC GII 11 mn Thin Tm s ny, cng nh cc v Trung thn trong nc, hay ngi t trung thnh trong nh. 1.Tn: Tin; nh tin Tam bo, 2. Tm: Xu h; nh mnh l lm vic c ti li, sanh ra xu h, 3. Qu: Thn tha; nh mnh lm vic si quy, i vi ngi sanh lng thn tha. Ni li cho d hiu: Tm l t h ly mnh; Qu l thn vi ngi, 4. V tham: khng tham; gp cnh tt p, khng sanh tm tham lam, 5. V sn: Khng nng gin, 6. V si: Khng si m; i vi tt c s vt, tm khng si m. Ba mn tm s ny (v tham, v sn,v si) l gc r ca cc php lnh, nn c gi l "Tam thin cn" (ba cn lnh), 7. Cn: Sing nng; gp vic lnh, tm tinh tn khng thi lui, 8. Khinh an: Nh nhng sng khoi; thm tm vui v nhe nhng, 9. Bt phng dt: Khnh phng tng; b d lm lnh, khng bung lung theo dc lc, 10. Hnh x: Lm m khng c chp; lm tt c vic tt, m khng tham luyn c chp, lm vi bn tnh t nhin, ch khng c dng cng, tm thng an tr ni bnh ng. Hnh tng ca Hnh x, nh ngi i ng: Phi b bc

sau mi tin ti bc trc. Nu khng b bc sau th khng bao gi tin ti bc trc c. Li na, hnh x vi X th khc nhau: "hnh x" l mn X trong Hnh un, thuc v php lnh; cn "X th" l mt trong Th un, thuuc v tnh v k, 11. Bt hi: Khng lm tn hi tt c chng sanh. CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn ni 11 mn Thin Tm s, cn hnh tng, (hnh vi, tng trng) ca cn bn phin no th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Phin no v: tham, sn Si, mn, nghi, c kin. Dch ngha Lun ch noi hai cu tng tr li rng: Cn bn phin no c su mn: Tham,Sn, Si, Mn, Nghi, c kin. LC GII Phin no ngha l bun phin no lon. V 6 mn phin no ny lm cn bn sinh ra cc phin no chi mt, nn gi l Cn bn phin no. 1. Tham, 2. Sn, 3. Si; ba mn Tm s ny tri ngc vi ba mn Thin cn (v tham, v sn, v si) trong 11 mn Thin Tm s. Trong Kh kinh gi ba mn phin no ny l "tam c" (3 mn c). 4. Mn, tc l Ng mn; gii trong bi thc nng bin th hai, 5. Nghi: Nghi ng; nh ngi nghi ng Pht php, khng tin thuy nhn qu lun hi v.v ...6. c kin: Hiu bit c ti c; ngha l hiu bit khng chn chnh t vy. Ac kin ny, chia ra lm nm mn: Thn kin, Bin kin, T kin, Kin th, Gii cm th, s gii sau. CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn ni 6 mn Cn bn phin no, cn hnh tng (hnh vi, tng trng) ca 20 mn Tu phin no th no? p:_ Nguyn Vn ch Hn Tng vit:

Tu phin no v: Phn Hn, Ph, No, Tt, Xan Cung, Sim, d hi, Kiu V tm cp v qu Tro c d Hn trm Bt tn tinh Gii i Phng dt cp Tht nim Tn lon, Bt chnh tri. Dch ngha Lun ch ni hai bi tng tr li rng: Tu phin no c hai mi mn: Phn, Hn, Ph, No,Tt, Xan, Cung, Sim, Hi, Kiu, V tm, V qu, Tro c, Hn trm, Bt tn, Gii i, Phng dt, Tht nim, Tn lon v Bt chnh tri. LC GII V hai mi mn phin no ny tu thuc vo cc cn bn phin no, nn gi l "Tu phin no". 1. Phn: Gin, khi gp nghch cnh sanh tm gin gii. 2. Hn: Hn, sau khi gin ri lu li trong tm khng b. 3. Ph: Che giu, Che giu ti li ca mnh khng cho ai bit. 4. No: Phin, sau khi gin ri bun phin ni lng. 5. Tt: Ganh ght, thy ngi hn mnh sanh tm k. 6. Xan: Bn xn, c tin ca m rt rm khng b th. 7. Cung: Di gt, v mun ng danh li nn di gt ngi. 8. Sim: Nnh, b nnh htvi ngi xin danh vng quyn li. 9. Hi: Tn hi, tri vi "bt hi" trong Thin Tm s. 10. Kiu: Kiu cch, ging nh mn tm s, song "Mn tm s" l kinh d ln lt ngi, cn "Kiu tm s" l ti nng ca mnh m khinh ngo xem thng ngi. 11. V tm v 12 l V qu, tri vi Tm v Qu trong Thin tm s. 13. Tro c: Chao ng, lm chng ngi tu Ch; tri vi nh tm s trong v Bit cnh. 14. Hn trm: Ti m, lm chng ngi tu qun; tri vi hu tm s.

15. Bt tn:Khng tin, tri vi Tn tm s trong 11 mn thin. 16. Gii i: Tr ni, tri vi Cn tm s trong 11 mn thin. 17. Phng dt: Bung lung; tri vi "Bt phng dt" trong Thin tm s. 18. Tht nim: khng nh; tri vi "Nim tm s" trong vi Bit cnh. 19. Tn lon: Ri lon, tm lng xng ri lon; tri vi "nh tm s" trong v Bit cnh. 20. Bt chnh tri: Bit khng chn chnh, khi i vicnh hiu bit sai lm, lm chng ngi hiu bit chn chnh. CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn ni 20 mn Tu phin no, cn hnh tng ca 4 mn Bt nh th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Bt nh, v: Hi Min Tm T nh cc nh Dch ngha Lun ch ni hai cu tng trn tr li rng: Bt nh l Hi Min v Tm T, mi mn li chia lm hai (l bn). LC GII Bt nh l khng nht nh thin hay c. 1. Hi: n nn, ngha l n nn nhng vic nn lm m khng lm, hoc n nn nhng vic khng nn lm m li lm. 2. Min: Ng ngh, lm cho thn tm khng t ti. 3. Tm: Tm kim, i vi cnh danh ngn ca thc, n lm cho tm th ng gp gp. 4. T: Rnh xt, i vi cnh danh ngn ca thc, n khin cho tm t nh m gp gp. Li na, bn mn tm s ny, mi mn u c hai tnh: hoc thin hoc c khng nht nh, nn gi l "Bt nh".

BI TH NM CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn ni su loi tm s tng ng ri, by gi lm sao bit c phn v hin khi ca cc thc? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Y ch cn bn thc Ng thc tu duyn hin Hoc cu hoc bt cu Nh o ba y thy thc thng hin khi Tr sanh V tng thin Cp v tm nh nh Thu min d mun tuyt. Dch ngha Lun ch ni hai cu tng trn tr li rng: Su thc trc u nng ni thc cn bn (A li da) m hin khi; cng nh sng nng ni nc m sanh. Nm thc trc tu duyn m khi; hoc chung sanh hoc chng chung sanh. Duy c thc thng hin khi, tr ra nm ch n khng sanh khi: 1. Sanh ci tri V tng, 2. Nhp nh V tng, 3. Nhp nh Dit tn, 4. Ng m, 5. Cht gi. LC GII Su thc trc, bn trong u nng ni thc Cn bn (A li da) bn ngoi nh cc duyn (cn, cnh, tc , v.v...) v tu theo phn v ca n m sanh khi khng ng. Nu duyn th sanh khi, cn thiu duyn th n khng sanh. Cng nh sng nng ni nc v nh gi, nn c khi sanh, khi dit. Duy c thc v t duyn nn d ; v th m c thng sanh khi, ch tr nm ch khng sanh: 1. Tri V tng; do hnh gi khi tu nh, nhm ght dit tr ci "tng", m c sanh v ci tri ny, nn ci tri ny khng c thc. 2. Nhp nh V tng; do hnh gi dit tr 6 thc trc, mi c nh ny. 3. Nhp nh Dit tn; do hnh gi dit tr phn hin hnh ca by thc trc, mi c nh ny. Hai nh trn y u khng c " thc". 4. Khi ng m khng chim bao, cng khng c thc.

5. Khi bnh nng gn cht, hoc khi bt tnh nhn s (cht gi) cng khng c thc. Xem biu Nc: D thc A li da Sng: Khng gin on: D thc thng hin khi (tr 5 ch) Nm ch thc Khng sanh 1. Tri V tng 2. nh V tng 3. nh Dit tn 4. Ng m (khng chim bao) 5. Cht gi CHNH VN Hi:_ Trn phn bit rnh r hnh tng ca ba thc nng bin, u nng ni hai phn, ri t n bin ra; by gi lm sao bit c cc php ch do thc bin hin, ri gi gi Ng, Php ch khng phi tht c, nn ni "tt c Php Duy thc"? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit Th ch thc chuyn bin Phn bit, s phn bit Do th, b giai v C nht th Duy thc. Dch ngha Lun ch ni mt bi tng tr li rng: Ch do cc thc bin ra Nng phn bit thc (kin phn) v S phn bit (tng phn). Song Nng phn bit (th) v S phn bit (b) u khng tht c, nn ni: "tt c php Duy thc". LC GII Mi thc v mi Tm s u c 4 phn: 1. Kin phn (phn Nng phn bit), 2. Tng phn (phn b phn bit, tc l cnh vt), 3. T chng phn: phn ny t chng minh cho Kin phn, 4. Chng t chng phn: Phn ny chng minh cho phn t chng. Trong bn phn ny, v phn th ba l T chng, khng nhng c cng nng chng minh cho phn th hai l Kin phn, m cng c cng nng c bit l tr li ching minh phn th t l Chng t chng phn. Bi th nn khng cn phi c phn th nm. (hnh)

Xin ni mt th d gii r bn phn: Th nh anh A v anh B hn nhau bumn bn. Anh A ra tin (vt c hnh tng) l d cho "Tng phn". Anh B ra cng (khng hnh tng) l d cho "Kin phn". Hai ngilp mt t hp ng (giao ko) chng minh mt bn ra cng v mt bn xut ca. T hp ng l d cho "T chng phn". V hai anh tranh ginh nhau, nn em n quan kin. ng quan chiu theo t hp ng m phn x. ng quan l d cho "Chng t chng phn". Trn ni r hnh tng ca ba thc nng bin: T ni hai phn bn trong l T Chng Phn v Chng T Chng Phn, bin sanh ra hai phn bn ngoi l Kin phn v Tng phn. Vy th hai phn bn trong l "th" lm ch b y ch (nng ta), cn hai phn bn ngoi l "dng" l "nng y ch". Th d nh con c hng, u v mnh con c l d cho "T chng phn" v "Chng t chng phn"; cn hai ci vi l d cho Kin phn v Tng phn. Hai vi c khi li ra, c lc li tht vo, l d cho cai dng Kin phn v Tng phn, sanh dit khng thng; cn ci u v mnh ca con c th thng cn, d cho ci th T chng phn v Chng t chng phn, khng sanh khng dit. Lun ch v ngoi nhn hai bn rt mu thun nhau. Nu l Duy thc ca Lun ch c thnh th s chp tht c Ng, Php ca ngoi nhn khng thnh; tri li, nu s chp Ng, Php ca ngoi nhn c thnh, th l Duy thc ca Lun ch bt thnh. ca ngoi nhn hi: Lm sao bit Ng, Php u nng ni thc bin ra, chng phi tht c, nn ni "Tt c Php u Duy thc"? ca Lun ch p: Trn ni ba thc Nng bin, mi thc u t ni t th m bin sanh ra Kin phn v Tng phn; Kin phn l phn nng phn bit, m Tng phn l phn b phn bit. Phn b phn bit l cc cnh vt nh ni, sng, i a, v.v ...Phn nng phn bit tc l tc dng thy, nghe, hay bit cc cnh vt. Bi phn nng phn bit (thy) v phn b phn bit (cnh) u do thc th bin ra, ton khng tht c, nn ni "Tt c php Duy thc". Thc th (t chng phn sanh ra Dng) ---> Phn bit (Kin) Phn b bit (Tng) u l thc BI TH SU GII THCH CC IU NGHI CHNH VN Hi:_ Nu ch c ni thc, khng c ngoi cnh lm duyn, th ni thc lm sao sanh ra cc mn phn bit? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn

Tng vit Do nht th chng thc Nh th nh th bin D trin chuyn lc c B b phn bit sanh Dch ngha Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Do cc chng t trong Tng thc, trng trng bin ra cc php. V sc pht trin sanh khi ca cc php, nn sanh ra cc mn phn bit. LC GII Hi:_ Nu khng c ngoi cnh lm duyn, ch c ni thc th ni thc lm sao sanh ra cc mn phn bit? p:_ Lun ch tr li: Do thc A li da cha ng chng t ca cc php, cc chng t y li sanh ra cc php hin hnh ri mi php hin hnh li sanh Kin phn (nng phn bit) v Tng phn (b phn bit). Cu "nh th nh th bin"; ngha l t khi sanh cho n khi chn s bin i pht trin rt nhiu. Cu "trin chuyn lc c"; ngha l tm thc hin hnh v cc Tm s tng ng, no Tng phn, no Kin phn v.v...u c ci nng lc h tr cho nhau, nn sanh ra cc cnh gii th gian (b phn bit) v cc mn phn bit (nng phn bit) CHNH VN Hi:_ Nu ch c ni thc, khng c ngoi cnh lm tr duyn, th ti sao li c chng hu tnh sanh t tng tc? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit Do ch nghip tp kh Nh th tp kh cu Tin D thc k tn Phc sanh d D thc Dch ngha

Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Do tp kh (chng t) ca cc nghip v tp kh (chng t) ca hai th (nng th, s th) chung nhau lm duyn nn thn d thc (bo thn) i ny va ht, th li tip tc sanh ra cc thn d thc i sau v i sau na. LC GII Hi:_ Nu ch c ni thc, khng c ngoi cnh lm duyn, th ti sao hin nay thy c cc chng hu tnh sanh t tip ni lun lun? p:_ Do c cc nghip lm duyn, nn chng hu tnh sanh t tng tc. Ch "Ch nghip": Ngha l nghip lnh, nghip d v nghip bt ng (tu thin nh). Ch "Nh th": Kin phn (nng th), Tng phn (s th) hoc Danh (tm) v Sc (vt) hay Tm vng v Tm s. Ch "tp kh": Tc l bit danh ca chng t. Nh ngi vit ch: khi cha vit th ci cng nng tp quen (tp kh) , n tim tng np n trong tay, ngi khng thy c. n khi vit ch, l do ci cng nng tp luyn (kh phn) ngy trc , nn nay mi vit c. Bi th nn "chng t" (cng nng tim tng) cng gi l "tp kh". Bo thn ca loi hu tnh, gi l thn D thc. Khi thn D thc hin tin sp dit, th chng t ca cc nghip lm s duyn v chng t ca hai mn th lm thn duyn, tng tc khng dt, nn lm cho sanh ra thn D thc i sau. Bi th nn cc chng hu tnh, khi sc thn ny cht i, th li sanh ra sc thn khc. Do m sanh t ni lun, khng bit chng no cng tn. [Biu , trang 162] CHNH VN Hi:_ Nu ch c thc m thi, ti sao rt nhiu ch trong kinh Pht ni c ba tnh? p: _ Phi bit ba tnh cng chng ngoi thc. Hi: _ Ti sao vy ? p: _ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit Do b b bin k Bin k chng chng vt Th Bin k s chp T tnh v s hu Y tha khi t tnh

Phn bit duyn s sanh Vin thnh tht b Thng vin ly tin tnh C th d y tha Phi d phi bt d Nh v thng ng tnh Phi bt kin th b Dch ngha Lun ch ni ba bi tng tr li rng: Do tnh Bin k s chp, vng chp tt c cc vt. Tnh Bin k s chp ny, khng tht c t th. Cn tnh Y tha khi l do cc duyn phn bit m sanh. Tnh Vin thnh tht, l do trn tnh Y tha khi xa la tnh Bin k s chp m hin. Bi th nntnh "Vin thnh tht" i vi tnh "Y tha khi" cng khc m cng khng khc, v khng th tch ring c. Bi th nn, nu khng thy c tnh Vin thnh tht, th cng khng th thy c tnh Y tha khi. Cng nh tnh v thng ...i vi cc php, cng khc m cng khng khc. LC GII Hi:_ Nu ch c thc m thi, th ti sao trong cc kinh rt nhiu ch, c Th Tn ni c ba mn t tnh: 1. Bin k s chp t tnh. 2. Y tha khi t tnh . 3. vin thnh tht t tnh ? p: _ Lun ch tr li rng: "Ba mn t tnh Pht ni , cng khng ri thc". Song cn e ngi khng tin, nn Lun ch ni tip 3 bi tng gii thch nguyn do. Tnh Bin k s chp ny l do chng sanh vng chp c c m c. Nh bn u chu c nh hc gi thy b xng kh ging b xng ngi, nhn h nghi ng v c c rng: loi kh tin ho thnh loi ngi; ri xng ln ci thuyt "ng vt tin ha" (Darwin). T v sau h mi ch trng rng "Tt c vt trn th gian, u do tin ho thnh". Bi th nn bi tng ni:"Vng chp tt c vt". V vng tng c c, ch chng phi tht c, d nh lng ra sng th, nn bi tng ni:"Tnh Bin k S chp khng c tht th" ( th Bin k s chp, t tnh v s hu). Cn tnh "Y tha khi", l do phn bit cc duyn trong th gian m sanh. Th nh ngi nhm con mt, xem h khng thy c cc hoa m, ri khi vng tng phn bit: hoa ny hay trng, tt hay xu, ging tht hoa hay khng ...H khng bit rng: Trong h khng chng c hoa, do nhm mt nn thy c hoa (Y tha khi). Trong tnh "Y tha khi" c nhim v tnh; nu la c phn nhim tc l tnh Bin k s chp, th ng phn thanh tnh, gi l tnh "Vin thnh tht". Cng nh nc v sng, nu sng xao ng lng, th tnh nc yn tnh hin ra.

Bi th nn "tnh Vin thnh tht" vi "tnh Y tha khi", khng th ni khc hay khng khc, cng nh nc vi sng khng hai m cng khng mt. (hnh ) Cu " phi bt kin th b "; ngha l nu khng thy c tnh Vin thnh tht y, th cng khng thy c tnh Y tha khi kia. Ngha ny khng nhng trong o Pht, ngay n ngi th tc, nu khng tu theo Pht php, ng tnh Vin thnh tht, th cng khng th thy c cc php Y tha khi ca th gian. CHNH VN Hi:_Nu c 3 tnh, ti sao c Th Tn li ni: "Tt c php u khng c t tnh? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Tc y th tam tnh Lp b tam v tnh C Phtmt thuyt Nht th php v tnh S tc tng v tnh Th v t nhin tnh Hu do vin ly tin S chp ng, php tnh Th ch php thng ngha Dit tc th chn nh Thng nh k tnh c Tc Duy thc tht tnh. Dch ngha Lun ch ni 3 bi tng tr li rng: Pht y c trn ba mn t tnh ny, m mt ni: "Tt c php u khng c t tnh". 1. Bin k s chp khng t tnh, v tng hy vng vy. 2. Y tha khi khng c t tnh, v do cc duyn phn bit sanh, khng phi t nhin c. 3. Vin thnh tht khng c t tnh, do xa la tnh Bin k h vng chp ng chp php m hin.

y l ngha th thng ca cc php, cng gi l "chn nh", v tnh n "thng nh" vy; cng tc "tht tnh" ca Duy thc. LC GII Hi:_ Nu c ba mn t tnh, ti sao c Th Tn li ni: "Tt c php u khng c t tnh"? p:_ Lun ch ni 3 bi tng gii thch: "Pht y c trn ba mn t tnh, ri gi lp ba mn v tnh"._ ni "Pht gi lp ba mn v tnh" th bit rng chng phi tht v. S d Pht phng tin mt ni nh vy, chng qua i tr ci chp "ba tnh" m thi, ch khng phi tht . Cng nh dng ba mn thuc i tr ba bnh. Ba mn v tnh l: 1. Tng v tnh; ngha l tng Bin k s chp, h vng khng tht c, 2. T nhin v tnh; ngha l do cc duyn sanh, khng phi t nhin c; nn cng gi l "sanh v tnh", 3. Thng ngha v tnh; ngha l xa la cac vng chp ng chp php ri, mi hin ra tnh ny; nn gi l "Thng ngha v tnh". Thngh ngha v tnh, cng tc l chn nh, v tnh n chn tht khng vng, thng nh vy; cng gi l "Tht tnh ca Duy thc". V tnh: -Tng v tnh i tr Bin, K s chp tnh -T nhin v tnh i tr T 3 tnh (thuc) nhin tnh (Y tha) (bnh) -Thng ngha v tnh i tr Vin thnh tht tnh BI TH BY CHNH VN Hi:_ Nh trn thnh lp Duy thc tng v Duy thc tnh ri; Ngi no mi c th nhp c? V lm sao ng nhp? p:_ Phi l ngi c hai ging tnh i tha v tu hnh tri qua nm a v sau ny mi c ng nhp: 1. V T lng 2. V Gia hnh 3. V thng t 4. V Tu tp 5. V Cu tnh. Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v T lng th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn

Ni ch v khi thc Cu tr Duy thc tnh nh th tu min Du v nng phc dit Dch ngha Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: T khi cha pht tm, cho n khi pht tm cu an tr Duy thc tnh, trong thi gian hai mn th (ng chp, php chp) hy cn min phc; hnh gi cha c th chinh phc hay dit tr c. LC GII T trc n y ni r v Duy thc cnh ri, tc l Duy thc tng v Duy thc tnh. Nay s ni Duy thc hnh v Duy thc qu, tc l dy ngi sau khi hc hiu, phi pht tm tu hnh ri mi chng c Duy thc qu. Vy t khi pht tm tu Duy thc, cho n chng Duy thc qu, phi tri qua nm a v: 1. V T lng: Lng phn, hnh l. Th nh ngi i ng. Trc phi sm sa lng phn tin bc v.v... ln ng. a v ny bt u t khi cha pht tm tu Duy thc qun, cho n khi pht B tm, cu an tr Duy thc tnh (chn nh tm). Th nh chng ta nghe trong kinh dy: "vn php Duy thc"; ri chng ta bt u ngy m tu Duy thc qun. Bt lun thi gi no, khi thy nghe hay bit, chng ta u qun "Tt c php l gi tng, Duy thc bin hin". Chng ta lun lun trong Duy thc qun. Cng nh ngi trong cnh Tnh by bu trang nghim. c nh th th tt c phin no khng th xm nhp. Song, khi mi cu an tr Duy thc, cng tu cha thm, nng lc cn km, nn cha c th an tr Duy thc tnh c. Lc by gi hai mn phin no (nng th, s th) cn min phc, cha tri dy; cng nh c b . n khi p lc c nh i, th hai mn chng t ny s sanh khi tr li. Duy thc tnh nh ng ch nh, phin no nh k trm. K trm khng bao gi a ch nh; ch nh lc no cng ght k trm. Duy thc tnh v phin no cng th. Nu khng dit tr phin no th khng th an tr Duy thc tnh c. Bi th nn mun an tr Duy thc tnh th quyt nh phi dit tr hai mn th (ng, php). CHNH VN Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v Gia hnh th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn

Tng vit: Hin tin lp tiu vt V th Duy thc tnh D hu s c c Phi tht tr Duy thc Dch ngha Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Nu hin tin cn mt t thy mnh an tr Duy thc tnh, th cha phi tht an tr Duy thc tnh, v cn c ch s c vy. LC GII 2. V Gia hnh: Gia cng tn hnh. V Gia hnh ny ging nh ngi i ng, trc phi d b hnh l, ri sp sa khi hnh. Hnh gi, khi tu Duy thc qun, thy cnh gii Duy thc hin tin, nu chp mnh chc c Duy thc tnh, nh th l cn c ch s c, nn cha phi tht chng Duy thc. Cng nh ng Nhan Hi hc o vi c Khng t, sau khi th hi c o, ng ni rng: "Nh c mt vt g ng s vy(1)". cng l cnh gii Duy thc bin, chng qua thc bin khng ng. V chn tnh ca Duy thc, chng phi c, chng phi khng, tuy chng m khng c g l chng, th mi tht l chng Duy thc. Ngi an tr c chn tnh ca Duy thc, cng nh ci tay nghi bit vit ch: Khng thy c g khc c. Bi th nn ni "ng m khng c g l ng". Nay ngi tu Duy thc, do hin tin cn mt t thy mnh chng Duy thc, nn khng phi tht an tr ni Duy thc tnh. Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v Thng t th no? p:_ Ngun vn ch Hn Tng vit: Nhc thi s duyn Tr v s c Nh thi tr Duy thc Ly nh th tng c Dch ngha

Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: bao gi cnh s qun v tr nng qun u khng, khi mi an tr ni Duy thc tnh, v xa la c hai mn th vy. LC GII 3. V Thng t: R rng thng sut. V Thng t ny cng nh ngi i ng, thng sut con ng s i, bt u khi hnh, khng cn lo ngi. Hnh tng ca v ny,l khi hnh gi i vi cnh s qun v tr nng qun, u xem nh huyn nh ho, khng c s c V Gia hnh trc, cha xa la hai mn th (Ng chp, Php chp), v cn c s c V Gia hnh trc, cha xa la hai mn th (Ng chp, Php, chp), v cn c s c, nn cha c th an tr ni Duy thc. n v Thng t ny, th xa la hai mn th, khng c s c, nn mi tht an tr ni Duy thc. on vn ny, ng mt ngha vi cu: "V tr dic v c" (khng c tr nng c v cnh s c) trong Bt Nh Tm kinh. CHNH VN HI:_Hnh tng ca v Tu tp th no? p: _Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: V c bt t ngh Th xut th gian tr X nh th trng c Tin chng c chuyn y. Dch ngha Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Cnh gii: V c ny khng th ngh bn; y l "Tr xut th gian" (vphn bit tr). Do xa la c hai mn th trng (Phin no chng v S tri chng) v chng c hai mn chuyn y (B ,Nit bn). LC GII 4. V Tu tp:Tu hnh tp luyn. a v Thng t trn, l ch thng sut gio l, song cha tu tp. n a v ny mi tu tp Lc mun hnh, chng ng chn l. a v Thng t mi va chng ci "Th" ca tr v c. n a v Tu tp ny mi ng "Diu dng"ca tr v c. Diu dng ca tr ny ny khng th ngh bn. Nhng,

nu tr cn c s c l tr ca th gian; ci tr khng c s c, mi phi l tr ca xut th gian. Tr V c -V thng t mi va chng ci th "tr v c. - V Tu tp mi c "Diu dng" ca tr v c V Tu tp ny x b c chng t ca hai chng l phin no chng v S tri chng v chng c hai qu B v Nit bn. Bi tng trn ni ch "th trng" l ch cho hai mn chng t ca hai mn chng: Phin no v S tri: cn ni ch "chuyn y" ,ngha l y c trn y tha khi tnh, m chuyn nhim tr li tnh: chuym phin no chng thnh i gii thot (Nit bn), chuyn s tri chng thnh i B

Trn tnh Y tha khi -X hai mn nhim (Phin no chng v S tri chng) -ng hai qu Thanh tnh (i Nit bnv i B ) CHNH VN Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v Cu cnh th no? p:_ Nguyn vn ch Hn Tng vit: Th tc v lu gii Bt t ngh, thin, thng An lc, Gii thot thn i Mu ni danh php Dich ngha Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: y l cnh gii v lu, cng gi l: 1. Bt t nghi, 2. Thin, 3. Thng, 4. An lc, 5. Gii thot thn, 6. i Mu ni, cng gi l Php thn. LC GII 5. V Cu cnh: Qu v rt ro; trong cc qu v tu hnh, n y cng tt ri, khng cn qu v no hn na. Hnh gi chng c qu v B , Nit bn l cnh gii v lu rt ro thanh tnh.

Ni "Cnh gii thanh tnh" tc l ch cai Tng tng ca v Cu cnh; nu ch Bit tng ca v ny th c 6 mn: 1. Bt t nghi: cnh gii ny khng th dng tr suy ngh hay li ni lun bn c. 2. Thin: Cnh gii ny xa la ht cc php nhim , bt thin. 3. Thng: cnh gii ny thng cn, tt n i v lai, khng c cng tn vy. 4. An lc: Cnh gii ny rt thanh tnh vui v, khng c cc iu kh no bc bch vy. 5. Gii thot thn: Do xa la cc phin no trin phc, nn c thn Gii thot (Cnh gii ca Nh tha). 6. i Mu Ni hay gi l Php thn. Do xa la c s tri chng, nn chng ng qu v thng B : v qu v ny bn tnh rt thanh tnh, nn gi l i Mu ni (tnh mc) cng gi l Php thn vy. Dch xong ti cha Pht quang (Tr n) Ngy tr tch nm Canh T (14 2 1961) DUY THC TAM THP TNG CHNH VN Ngi B Tt THIN THN to lun Ngi HUYN TRANG dch ra ch Hn Sa mn T.THIN HOA dch ra ch Vit Nguyn vn ch Hn Nhc Duy thc, vn h th gian cp ch Thnh gio thuyt hu Ng, Php? Tng vit: Do gi thuyt Ng Php Hu chng chng tng chuyn B y thc s bin Th nng bin duy tam V: D thc, T lng Cp liu bit cnh thc. Dch ngha Hi:_ Nu ch c thc, ti sao ngi th gian v trong Pht gio u ni c Ng v Php? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng:

Do gi ni Ng, Php: Cc tng Ng, Php kia, Nng ni thc sanh ra. Thc nng bin c ba: D thc v T lng Cng thc Liu bit cnh. Nguyn vn ch Hn Tuy d lc thuyt tam nng bin danh, nhi v qung bin tam nng bin tng; th s nng bin k tng vn h? Tng vit: S A lai da thc D thc, Nht th chng Bt kh tri chp th X liu thng d xc Tc , Th, Tng, T Tng ng duy X th Th v ph v k Xc ng dic nh th Hng chuyn nh bc lu A li hn v x. Dch ngha Hi:_ Trn c ni ci "tn" ca ba thc Nng bin, song cha ni r ci "tng"; vy ci "tng" ca thc Nng bin th nht th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Trc l A li da, D thc, Nht th chng. Khng th bit: gi, chu (chp th) Th gii (x) v phn bit (liu). Tng ng nm Bin hnh, Nm th ch X th Thc ny v Tm s Hng chuyn nh nc thc A la hn mi x. Nguyn vn ch Hn Nh th d thuyt s nng bin tng, nh nng bin k tng vn h? Tng vit:

Th nh nng bin Th thc danh Mt ma Y b chuyn duyn b T lng vi tnh tng T phin no thng cu V: Ng si, Ng kin Tinh Ng mm, Ng i Cp d Xc ng cu Hu ph v k nhip Tu s sanh s h A la hn, Dit nh, Xut th o v hu. Dch nghi Hi:_Trn ni thc Nng bin th nht; cn thui71c nng bin th hai th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Thc nng bin th hai, Tn l thc Mt ma. Nng kia li duyn kia (A li da) Tnh tng u lo ngh; Thng cng bn phin no; Ng si v Ng kin Ng mn vi Ng i; Cng vi Xc vn vn. Hu ph v k tnh Sanh u chp ng . La hn v Dit nh o Xut th khng c. Nguyn vn ch Hn Nh th d thuyt nh Nng bin, tam Nng bin k tng vn h? Tng vit: Th tam Nng bin Sai bit hu lc chng Liu cnh vi tnh tng Thin, bt thin, cu phi Th tm s Bin hnh Bitcnh, Thin, Phin no Tu phin no, Bt nh Giai tam th tng ng

Dch ngha Hi:_ Nh vy ni thc Nng bin th hai, cn thc Nng bin th ba th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Thc Nng bin th ba C su mn sai bit Tnh, tng u bit (liu) cnh. Thin, Bt thin, V k y tm s: Bin hnh Bit cnh, Thin, Phin no Tu Phin no, Bt nh, Tng ng vi ba th. Nguyn vn ch Hn Tin d lc phiu lc v tm s tng ng, kim ng qung bin b sai bit tng; th s nh v k tng vn h? Tng vit: S Bin hnh: Xc ng Th Bit cnh v: Dc, Thng gii, Nim, nh, Hu. S duyn s bt ng Dch ngha Hi:_ Trn lc nu 6 v tm s tng ng; nay xin ni r hnh tng sai khc ca cc loi tm s. Vy hai v tm s u th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Trc Bin hnh l Xc; Sau bit cnh l Dc, Thng gii, Nim, nh, Hu Cnh b duyn khng ng. Nguyn vn ch Hn D thuyt Bin hnh, Bit cnh nh v, Thin v tm s k tng vn h? Tng vit: Thin,v: Tn, Tm, Qu V tham ng tam cn

Cn, An, Bt phng dt Hnh x cp Bt hi. Dch ngha Hi:_ Trn ni hai loi Bin hnh v Bit cnh, cn hnh tng ca Thin tm s th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Thin l: Tn, Tm,Qu V tham, Sn v Si Cn, An, Bt phng dt Hnh x v Bt hi Nguyn vn ch Hn Nh th d thuyt Thin v tm s, Phin no tm s k tng vn h? Tng vit: Phin no v: Tham, Sn Si, Mn, Nghi, c kin. Dch ngha Hi:_ Nh trn ni Thin tm s ri, cn hnh tng ca cn bn phin no th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Phin no l: Tham, Sn Si, Mn, Nghi, c kin. Nguyn vn ch Hn D thuyt cn bn lc phin no tng, ch Tu phin no k tng vn h? Tng vit: Tu phin no v: Phn Hn, Ph, No, Tt, Xan Cung, Sim d Hi, Kiu V tm cp V qu Tro c d Hn trm Bt tn tinh Gii i

Phng dt cp Tht nim Tn lon, Bt chnh tri Dch ngha Hi:_ Trn ni 6 mn cn bn phin no cn hnh tng ca Tu phin no th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Tu phin no l: Phn, Hn, Ph, No, Tt, Xan Cung, Sim, v Hi, Kiu V tm vi V qu Tro c cng Gii i Phng dt v Tht nim Tn lon, Bt chnh tri. Nguyn vn ch Hn D thuyt nh thp Tu phin no tng, Bt nh hu t k tng vn h? Tng vit: Bt nh v Hi, Min Tm, T nh cc nh. Dch ngha Hi:_ Trn ni hai mi mn Tu phin no, cn hnh tng ca bn mn Bt nh th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Bt nh l Hi, Min Tm, T li chia hai Nguyn vn ch Hn D thuyt lc v tm s tng ng Vn h ng tri hin khi phn v? Tng vit:

Y ch cn bn thc Ng thc tu duyn hin Hoc cu hoc bt cu Nh o ba y thu thc thng hin khi Tr sanh v tng thin Cp v tm nhi6 nh Thu min d mun tuyt. Dch ngha Hi:_ Trn ni 6 loi tm s tng ng ri, by gi lm sao bit c phn v hin khi ca 6 thc? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Nng ni thc cn bn (A li da) Nm thc tu duyn hin, Hoc chung hoc chng chung, Nh sng nng vi nc. thc thng hin khi, Tr sanh tri v tng V hai nh v tm, Ng m hay cht gi. Nguyn vn ch Hn D qung phn bit tam Nng bin tng, vi t s bin nh phn s y; vn h ng tri y thc s bin, gi thuyt ng php, phi bit tht hu, do th nht th duy hu thc da? Tng vit: Th ch thc chuyn bin Phn bit s Phn bit Do th b giai v C nht th D uy thc. Dch ngha Hi:_ Trn ni ba thc Nng bin, u do hai phn (T chng v Chng t chng) lm s y, ri t n bin ra hai phn (Kin phn v Tng phn); by gi lm sao li bit "Tt c u Duy thc bin ra" ri gi ni ng php, ch khng phi tht c? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng:

Cc thc ny chuyn bin: Phn bit, b phn bit. Do b, th u khng Nn tt c Duy thc Nguyn vn ch Hn Nhc duy hu thc, v ngoi duyn, do h nhi sanh chng phn bit? Tng vit: Do nht th chng thc Nh th nh th bin D trin chuyn lc c B b phn bit sanh Dch ngha Hi:_ Nu ch c ni thc khng c ngoi cnh lm duyn, th lm sao sanh ra cc mn phn bit. p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Do tt c chng thc, Bin nh vy nh vy; V sc bin chuyn , Sanh cc mn phn bit. Nguyn vn ch Hn Tuy hu ni thc, nhi v ngoi duyn,do h hu tnh sanh t tng tc? Tng vit: Do ch nghip tp kh Nh th tp kh cu Tin D thc k tn Phc sanh d D thc Dich ngha Hi:_ Nu ch c ni thc, khng c ngoi cnh lm tr duyn, th ti lm sao chng hu tnh li sanh t tng tc? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng:

Do chng t cc nghip V chng t hai th (nng th, s th) Nn D thc trc cht Li sanh D thc sau Nguyn vn ch Hn Nhc duy hu thc, h c Th Tn x x kinh trung, thuyt hu tam tnh? ng tri tam tnh, dic bt ly thc. S d gi h? Tng vit Do b b Bin k Bin k chng chng vt Th Bin k s chp T tnh v s hu Y tha khi t tnh Phn bit duyn s sanh Vin thnh tht b Thng vin ly tin tnh C th d Y tha Phi d phi bt d Nh v thng ng tnh Phi bt kin th b. Dch ngha Hi:_ Nu ch c thc, ti sao trong cc kinh c Th Tn ni c ba tnh? p:_ Phi bit ba tnh cng khng ri thc. Hi:_ Ti sao th? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Do cc tnh bin k, Chp ht tt c vt. Tnh Bin k s chp, T n khng tht c. Cn tnh Y tha khi Do cc duyn m sanh. Vin thnh tht vi kia (Y tha) Xa la Bin k trc.

Thnh tht vi Y tha, Cng khc cng khng khc; Nh v thng vn vn Chng thy y (Vin thnh) v kia (Y tha) Nguyn vn ch Hn Nhc hu tam tnh, nh h Th Tn thuyt nht th php, giai v t tnh? Tng vit Tc y th tam tnh, Lp b tam v tnh. C Pht mt thuyt: Nht th php v tnh. S tc tng v tnh, Th v t nhin tnh, Hu do vin ly tin: S chp ng php tnh. Th ch php thng ngha, Dic tc th Chn nh: Thng nh k tnh c; Tc Duy thc tht tnh. Dch ngha Hi:_ nu c ba tnh, ti sao c Th Tn ni: "tt c php u khng c t tnh"? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Y theo ba tnh ny, Lp ra ba v tnh. Nn Pht mt ni: Tt c php v tnh. Trc l "tng" v tnh, K, khng t nhin tnh, Sau, do xa la trc: Tnh chp Ng v Php. y Thng ngha cc Php, Cng tc l Chn nh, V tnh thng nh vy, Tc tht tnh Duy thc. Nguyn vn ch Hn Nh th s thnh Duy thc tng tnh, thu y k v, nh h ng nhp? V c i tha nh chng tnh gi, lc hu ng v, phng nng ng nhp. Nht T lng v, nh Gia hnh v, tam Thng t v, t Tu tp v, ng Cu cnh v.

1. S T lng v, k tng vn h? Tng vit Ni ch v khi thc Cu tr Duy thc tnh nh th tu min Du vi nng phc dit Dch ngha Hi:_ Nh th l thnh lp tng v tnh ca Duy thc. Vy ngi no, c my v, v lm sao ng nhp c Duy thc ? p:_ Phi ngi c hai mn tnh i tha v tu hnh tri qua nm a v sau ny, mi ng nhp c Duy thc tnh. 1. V T lng, 2. V Gia hnh, 3. V Thng t, 4. V Tu tp, 5. V Cu cnh. Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v T lng th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Cho n cha khi thc Cu tr Duy thc tnh Hai th cn min phc Cha c th dit tr. Nguyn vn ch Hn 2. Thc Gia hnh v, k tng vn h ? Tng vit: Hin tin lp thiu vt V th Duy thc tnh D hu s c c Phi tht tr Duy thc

Dch ngha Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v Gia hnh th no? p: _ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Hin tin cn mt t Gi l Duy thc tnh; V cn s c vy, Chng tht tr Duy thc. Nguyn vn ch Hn 3. Th Thng t v, k tng vn h ? Tng vit Nhc thi s duyn Tr v s c Nh thi tr Duy thc Ly nh th tng c. Dch ngha Hi: _Hnh tng ca v Thng t th no? p: _ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: Khi no "cnh" b duyn V "tr" u khng c Khi tr Duy thc la hai mn th. Nguyn vn ch Hn 4. Th Tu tp v, k tng vn h? Tng vit: V c bt t ngh Th xut th gian tr X th th trng c Tin chng c chuyn y. Dch nghi

Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v Tu tp th no? p: _ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: "Khng ng", chng ngh bn; y l "Tr xut th" (v phn bit tr) V b hai Th trng Nn chng ng "chuyn y" Nguyn vn ch Hn 5. Hu Cu cnh v, k tng vn h ? Tng vit Th tc v lu gii Bt t ngh, Thin, Thng An lc, Gii thot thn i Mu ni danh Php. Dch ngha Hi:_ Hnh tng ca v Cu cnh th no? p:_ Lun ch ni bi tng tr li rng: y l ci V lu Bt t ngh, Thin, Thng An lc, Gii thot thn i Mu ni Php thn

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