Professional Documents
Culture Documents
021.- Nm iu c l nhng g?
022.- Tinh-tn l lm sao?
023.- Hiu-thun y l tun theo 37 Phm tr o.
024.- Th no l bn s dng- (= t nim-x)?
025.- Th no l bn s on-?
026.- Th no l bn nim thn-tc?
027.- Nm cn l nhng g?
028.- Nm lc gm c nhng g?
029.- Th no l by gic-?
030.- Tm loi o-hnh (Bt chnh-o) l nhng g?
031.- Ly Bt-Chnh-o lm cn-bn tu-hnh.
032.- Tinh-tn l g?
033.- Nim iu thin l phi lm sao?
034.- Th no gi l nht-tm?
035.- Tr-hu l nh th no?
036.- Cc loi Kinh u dy iu thin nhm vo vic tn-dit cc iu c .
037.- Ngi ti-sanh li th dng thn c, hay l c thn mi?
038.- Ngi ht ti-sanh c bit mnh chng sanh li i sau hay khng?
039.- Kh-nng ca Tr-hu ra sao?
040.- Nm iu thin l nhng g?
041.- V sao bc c-o cn sng li phi chu kh?
Quyn Trung
042.- Ba loi cm-th: vui, kh, chng vui chng kh.
043.- Khi cht ri, ai sanh tr li?
044.- Vua hi, Na-Tin c sanh tr li na khng?
045.- Danh-Thn ngha l g?
046.- Thi-gian.
047.- Thi-gian cng vi Danh-Thn trin-chuyn.
048.- ''Ngi c gc'' ngha l g?
049.- Ci ''gc sanh-t'' l g?
050.- Th-gian chng h c vic t-nhin m sanh ra
051.- ''Ci g'' l ''Ngi''?
052.- Mt v tm cng thy.
053.- Gic-quan v tm phi-hip nhau .
054.- Vui-sng ngha l g?
055.- Gic-tri l g?
056.- S-nim l g?
057.- Th no ni-ng?
058.- Cc tm-nim phi-hip nhau ri chng tch ra ring t mn c.
059.- V ca mui .
060.- Nm gic-quan .
061.- Ti sao c s bt-bnh-ng gia loi ngi?
062.- Phi lm iu lnh t trc .
063.- ''Lc ring'' phi chng l ''Nghip-lc''?
064.- Bn i (bn nguyn-t) nng vo nhau .
B
C
D
H
K
L
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
X
Y
C.- Phn Tm hiu Ngha
098.- Xut-x ca quyn T-kheo Na-Tin.
099.- B-cc quyn T-kheo Na-Tin .
100.- Tm-lc v Tin kip ca Na-Tin v Di-Lan .
101.- Na-Tin c qu A-la-hn .
102.- Sa-mn D-Ho-La b vua Di-Lan hi b .
103.- Vua Di-Lan th-thch T-kheo Na-Tin .
104.- Thi- trong khi bn-lun Gio-php.
105.- Dc ng, Trim-Di-Li c Na-Tin khai-ng .
106.- Sp-xp li cc loi cu hi v Gio-Php .
I.- Vn-: i tu lm Sa-mn
107.- Ti sao i tu lm sa-mn?
108.- C my hng sa-mn?
II.- Vn-: Ti-sanh Lun-hi
109.- Vn- ti-sanh c nu ln nhiu ln trong quyn T-kheo Na-Tin .
110.- Thc-mc ln: Cht ri, i v u?
111.- C ''hin-tng'' ti-sanh hay khng?
112.- Ci g mt, ci g cn, khi cht i?
113.- Ti sao phi ti-sanh li? Ai phi ti-sanh li, cn ai chng phi ti-sanh na?
114.- Ngi ht ti-sanh li c t-bit iu chng?
115.- Vua hi Na-Tin c bit mnh cn phi ti-sanh na khng?
116.- Khi ti-sanh, dng thn c hay c thn mi?
117.- Ch lm thin, c nay i v u v thn mi c mang theo nghip c khng?
118.- Th no l Danh-Sc trin-chuyn qua Thi-gian, tng theo cc nguyn-nhn dy
chuyn?
119.- i-chiu lp-lun ca Na-Tin vi L Mi-hai Nhn-Duyn trong gio-l.
120.- Ci ''gc sanh-t'' ca chng-sanh l g?
121.- Hai ngi cht cng lc, c ti-sanh cng mt lc, hai ni xa gn khc nhau
khng?
122.- Chng h c vic t-nhin m sanh ra .
123.- Vn- ti-sanh Lun-hi: tin hay chng tin?
III.- Vn-: Phn-bit cc iu thin, c .
124.- Nm iu thin v nm iu c l nhng g?
125.- Kinh Thp-Thin k mi iu thin c-th hn.
126.- Phi lm iu thin t trc.
127.- Trt gy iu c, nay phi lm g?
Ni-dung tp sch ny gm c:
A.- Bn Phng-dch t chnh-vn trong i-Tng, cn thiu tn tc-gi ch
Phn v dch-gi ch Hn;
B.- Phn Tm hiu Ngha Ch: t-ng Pht-hc c tra T-in v giithch gn, theo th-t A, B, C;
C.- Phn Tm hiu Ngha : cc cu vn-p xp li thnh 10 vn-: 9 v
gio-l, 1 v linh-tinh.
D.- Bn Phin-m Hn-Vit
Thn-knh tng Qu-V o-hu T-nh T-Quang v Thin-vin LinhSn,
nh cc bui tra ni chuyn o vo dp cui tun,
Thin-Nht
Hunh-Hu-Hng
Vi cm-ngh v Kinh T-kheo Na-Tin
Bi Tham-lun thuyt-trnh ti T-nh T-Quang, Montreal, Canada
Kho Nghin-Tu An-C
Thng By 2005
1.- Ti sao ti li phng-dch ''Kinh Na-Tin''?
Quyn ''Na-Tin T-kheo Kinh'' l mt b Lun ghi bng ting Pali, rt ni
danh, c phin-dch ra nhiu th ting: ting Hn, ting Vit, ting Min,
ting Thi, ting Tch-lan, ting Anh, ting Php, v.v. Ti Vit-Nam, c
cc bn dch ca cc C-s on-Trung-Cn, Cao-Hu-nh, v ca HaThng Gii-Nghim, rt ph-bin. Ti sao Thin Nht cn ''o-bng''
mang ra dch na?
1.- Thin Nht hc Kinh k Pht xut-x t Hn-Tng, nn ch bit c v
tm hiu cc bn Kinh k c dch ra ting Vit ca cc bc i-s VitNam. Chng phi cc Kinh sch ch Anh, ch Php qu kh-khn, nhng
khi tm hiu v chng, Thin Nht cm thy chng ''hi xa l'' i vi ngi
Vit c sc hc trung-bnh, tu theo ng-li ca ng-b li. Nh trong
Hn-tng dng hai ch H v Lc ch hai thin-chi ca S-Thin, cc sch
Anh-ng dch ra l Joy, Happlness, Bliss... ; trong khi ting Vit
thun-ty ca ta li c hai ch Mng v Vui, rt d hiu m m-t rt r-
tin vic nghin-cu, Thin Nht sp-xp li, trong Phn Tm hiu
Ngha Y ca mnh, thnh mi vn-: chn v gio-l, v mt v cc kinthc tng-qut linh-tinh. V tun theo th-t trong bn nguyn-tc khi cc
cu hi c vua Di-Lan ln-lt nu ln, nn chn vn- gio-l c ghi
chp li nh sau:
1.- Ti sao i tu lm Sa-mn?
2.- S ti-sanh, nghip-lc v thuyt Lun-hi;
3.- S phn-bit cc iu thin v c;
4.- 37 Phm tr-o;
5.- Tr-hu;
6.- Cc loi cm-th;
7.- S c o v ci Nit-bn;
8.- c Pht;
9.- Con ''ngi'' v thuyt v-ng.
L ra, nu nhn chung ton-b t-tng din-t trong b Lun ''Na-Tin TKheo Kinh'', ta s thy -tng ct-cn l: Ti sao i tu lm Sa-mn? l
v mun c gic-ng v gii-thot. Gic-ng v iu g? Gic-ng v l
sng-cht v thn-phn ca con ngi. Gii-thot khi iu g? Gii-thot
khi cnh Kh trong vng Lun-hi c an-nhin, t-ti trong ci Nitbn.
khai-trin -tng ct-cn ni trn, tc-gi b Lun ln-lut -cp n
nghip-lc dn-dt chng-sanh theo su no ca vng Lun-hi; ri ch
cho ta thy li ph v vng ln-qun sanh-t , bng cch (a) bit phn-bit
u thin, iu c; (b)tun theo 37 Phm Tr-o; (c) pht-trin Tr-hu
tiu-dit n tn gc-r cc tr-ngi l phin-no-chng v s-tri-chng.
tn-dit ht cc tr-ngi ln-lao , tc-gi phn-tch t-m s phtkhi ca cc cm-th ni thn-tm thng a n cc phin-no-chng,
v vch r s c-chp vo cc t-kin, a ti cc s-tri-chng, nht l
ng-kin, mt t-kin trm-trng hn c. i-tr li vi ng-kin, tc-gi
nhiu ln chng-minh rng trong nm un kt-t li thnh thn-tm ny
chng c ''ci chi'' thng-hng, chng thy ra c ''con ngi'' no ng
lm ch c: l thuyt v-ng trong Pht-hc. V sau cng, h theo ng
con ng tu-tp y, hnh-gi s c o, chng c Nit-bn v-sanh v
an-tnh, theo nh gng ca c Pht i trc.
- Ta c iu mun hi.
- Xin i-Vng c hi.
- Ta hi xong.
- Ti cng p xong.
- p nhng g u?
- i-Vng hi ti nhng g u?
Vng ni:
- Ta chng c ch hi, Na-Tin cng chng c ch p...
Gi y ta th hi: u l ch th-thch? u l vin ngc qu?
Trc nht l cu hi: ''Ai l Na-Tin?'' Ngha su-kn ca cu hi l:
Vy ch ci g mi tht l Na-Tin? Bn-cht ca con ngi l g? Ni thntm con ngi, c ci g l ci Ta, l bn-ng khng? Hoc ni theo nhng
ngi cn m-tn, trong thn-tm ny, c ci linh-hn tn-ti mi qua thigian chng?
Cc cu tr li ca Na-Tin, cng li kt-lun trch-dn trong Kinh Pht u
qui-hng v mt vn- cn-bn ca Gio-l nh Pht: l v-ng, trong
thn-tm con ngi chng h c ci Ta, chng h c ci bn-ng. Tuy NaTin chng ni r ra, nhng ta bit thn-tm con ngi ch l s tp-hp ca
nm un: sc-un l phn vt-cht, gi l thn, v bn un kia, th, tng,
hnh, thc-un thuc v phn tinh-thn, tc l tm. Chng h thy trong
thn-tm ny, u l ng ch gi l Ta, u l linh-hn, gi l phn hn ca
Ta c, ch c cc un tp-hp li m thi. l l-l rt vng-chc chngminh Chn-l v-ng trong Pht-hc.
Na-Tin vt qua d-dng ch Vua th-thch bng cch hi ngc li:
''Xe l g? Ci g trong xe l xe?'' Nh Vua chng tr li c, nh th
Na-Tin thng. Rt tic l nh Vua chng hi thm cc chi-tit v l vng na, chng ta c dp hc-hi v cch-thc Na-Tin gii-p cc
mi nghi-ng cn st li v Chn-l quan-trng ny. Chn-l v-ng l
chn-l kh hiu, kh chng nht trong ba Chn-l: V-thng, Kh, Vng.
Nhng nh Vua li a thm mt cu hi rt kh, nu nhng ai m l-qu,
chng nhanh-tr nh Na-Tin, th lin lt vo cm-by ngay. Hi m chng
nu ra cu hi l hi lm sao? p m chng ni ra li, l p cch no?
Vua v Na-Tin ang so gm tr-hu vi nhau y!
- Lm sao bit c?
- Ngi y t bit mnh chng cn quyn-luyn n-i, chng cn ham-mun,
chng c iu c, nh bit mnh chng cn phi sanh li na. Th-d nh
ngi nng-phu trng la, c nhiu thc, tr li v sau, sang nm anh
chng trng la na, ch ly la d-tr ra n. Ngi nng-phu y c mong
c la go mi chng?
- Ngi nng-phu y chng mong c la mi.
- Ti sao bit ngi y chng c la mi?
- Ngi nng-phu y chng cy cy, chng trng la, th c ch mong c
chi na.
- Ngi c-o cng li nh th, t bit rng dt b n-i, sngkh, chng cn tham-tm, do bit i sau chng sanh li.
(3) Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Na-Tin nay c sanh tr li i sau khng?
- Li i-Vng hi ti y, trc ti p ri. Nu nh ti cn c s luluyn v n-i, th i sau s sanh tr li; cn nu dt c s n-i, th
chng sanh li na. ...
Ba on vn ngn (1), (2) v (3) va c trch dn trn y, nm cch xa
nhau n c chc trang, ni hai quyn Thng v Trung ca b Lun. c
li c b Lun nhiu ln, Thin Nht mi tm thy c mt im va kho,
va qu, v gi l mt ''vin ngc n'' Chng bit tr th-thin ca Thin
Nht c nhn lm chng?
on (1) ni v: ti sao c ngi cn ti-sanh, c ngi chng phi ti-sanh
na? on (2) bo rng: ngi c o t mnh bit r chng sanh li
vo i sau. on (3) ghi li p ca Na-Tin v cu Vua hi: Na-Tin nay
c sanh tr li i sau khng? Mi on ri-rc chng cho ta thy c
n- ca vua Di-Lan khi t ra cu hi: Na-Tin nay c ti-sanh na khng?
Nhng nu c k li c ba on ta thy ni bt ln ''n-'' ca nh Vua khi
a ra mt cu hi nh th. n- g? Nh Vua mun v T-kheo xc-nhn
cho r-rng bng li ni, rng Na-Tin c o cha, bit chc c
mnh chng cn phi ti sanh na? Nhng nh Vua ch nh-nhng hi: NaTin nay cn ti-sanh na khng?, tuy nh-nhng nhng thng-thn, v ang
ch-i v tu-hnh mt cu tr li dt khot: C (c o) hay l Khng.
T-kheo Na-Tin qu l ngi tinh-t khi p: Li i-Vng hi ti y,
trc ti p ri. Nu nh ti cn lu-luyn n-i, th i sau s sanh tr
- i-Vng v mn-thng vt thng m dng thuc (...) dng bng bngb li vt thng chng?
- Ta u c mn-thng vt thng.
- Chng mn-thng vt thng sao li dng thuc, dng bng bng li?
- Ta ch mong mun vt thng mau lnh, ch du c mn-thng g n.
- Sa-mn cng li nh vy, chng mn-thng thn mnh; tuy n-ung, tm
chng vui-khoi, chng mun lm p, chng mun lm tt, chng mun da
tht sc hng-ho, m ch mun cho thn-th kho-mnh c th phnghnh gii-lut, Kinh-k ca Pht. Kinh Pht c ging: ''Thn ngi c chn
l hng, ta nh vt m ca mu-thng, t ni chn l chy ra cht d
hi-thi.''
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
Cn rt nhiu on khc na, c thy hn chn mi cu vn-p gia v
Vng-gia thng-tu v v T-kheo li-lc; ri-rc khp b Lun n-cha
nhiu o hoa thm, cn ang ch c thng-thc. Tng chng cn didng tn-dng thm na mt b Lun tng c s ngi-khen nngnhit ca cc hc-gi t ng sang Ty, t c ch kim.
Montreal, 12-04-2005
Thin Nht
Knh trnh.
A.- Bn Phng-dch
(Da theo Bn vn i ng-Tn, thiu tn dch-gi Hn-vn, ni b CnLong i-Tng Kinh, Quyn s 108, cc trang 706- 753)
Quyn Thng
Xin Lu-:
(Cc tiu-mc c nh s, in ch m, v cc ch nghing trong ngoc u
do Thin Nht thm vo, chnh-vn trong i-Tng chng c.)
001.- c Pht vo rng tng.
Vo mt thi kia, c Pht ng ti nc X-V, ni vn K-th Cp-cc, cc v t-kheo tng, ni, cn-s-nam, cn-s-n, ch Thin, Vua, ithn, trng-gi, nhn-dn v chn mi su hng o-gi, hn vn ngi,
cng n trc Pht nghe ging Kinh. c Pht nhn thy rng ng o
dn chng hm nay tm-thn tht chng an, nn Ngi c -nh mun ri xa,
nn i n mt ni nhn-tnh, ngi nim o. c Pht lin ri dn
chng, i vo ni, ti mt khu rng tng, trn cy c cc v th-thn. Ni
gc cy, c Pht ngi nim o thanh-tnh.
*
002.- Tng-vng vo rng tng gp c Pht.
Cch khu rng tng chng xa, c mt by voi hn nm trm con, trong
Tng-vng l voi cha, hin-lnh, bit r iu lnh vic c, ta nh loi
ngi vy. By voi bao quanh Tng-vng, c c, ci c, ng di c, ng
va c, ng ngn c. Tng Vng kht, mun i ung nc; nhng n voi
nh chy i trc, nhy xung ung nc; ung xong li di nc na khin cho nc tr nn c ngu. Tng-vng chng c nc trong
gii kht. Tng-vng li i, mun i n c; n voi nh li chy trc n
ht c non, li dm p ln, khin Tng-vng chng c c tt d.
Tng-vng thm ngh, by voi con khuy c nc, dy xo c ti,
khin ta chng c nc trong ung, chng c c sch n; vy ta hy xa ri
chng i n mt ni no an-tnh, sung-sng hn. Tng-vng lin ri
n voi, i vo ni, n khu rng tng. Thy c Pht ang ngi di gc
tng, Tng-vng lng rt vui mng, lin n vp u trc chn Pht,
lm l, ri ng sang bn cnh. c Pht t ngh, ta li dn chng n ni
ny; Tng-vng cng li n voi n gc cy ny, c hai vic u ng
mt -nghi. c Pht lin v Tng-vng ni Kinh: ''Pht l bc tn-knh
nht trong hng ngi; Tng-vng cng l bc tn-knh nht trong hng
voi. c Pht ni, tm ta vi tm ca Tng-vng hp nhau, ta v Tngvng cng vui bn gc cy ny.'' Tng-vng nghe Kinh xong, tm-t
lin m sng, hiu r Pht, lin i nhiu quanh ch c Pht ngi, ly vi
ht nc ti t, dng mi qut t, dng chn p t cho bng phng.
Tng-vng sm chiu hu-h nh th. Mi lu v sau, c Pht nhp
Nit-Bn, Tng-vng chng bit Pht i v u, nn ro quanh khp
chn, mi cu tm gp Pht chng c, khc lc o-no, b c n ung.
*
003.- Tng-vng n cha nghe Kinh
Vo thi , trong nc c ngi cha Pht tn l Ca-La-Hon trn ni, l
ni tu-hnh ca nm trm v sa-mn, u c o-qu A-la-hn c; thng
hiu, cng vi cc tu-s ngoi-o tranh-lun, chng ai thng ni. Khi phvng bng-h, thi-t ln ni ngi, tc-v l Quc-Vng Di-Lan.
Mt hm, Vua hi cc i-thn hu bn cnh: ''Trong nc c o-gia hay
nhn-dn no sc cng Ta bn-lun v cc Kinh kh chng?'' Cc quan
hu-cn tu: ''Bm c, c ngi hc o Pht c dn gi l v Sa-mn. V
y tr-hu thng-t rng-su, c th cng i-vng bn-lun v cc Kinh
cao kh.''
Thu y ti min Bc i-Tn, c nc X-Kit yn-n, nhn dn hinlnh. ng x trong thnh rng-ri, mi ca thnh u c chm tr, (...)
ph x trng by la-lit, ng quan-o c nga voi, xe c dp du, nam
thanh n t ra vo. o nhn, thy th, dn lnh u rt cao-minh; nhn dn
o qun lo-lt nm mu, ph n trang-sc mu trng, tay eo vng chu
ngc. t-ai cao ro c nhiu trn-bo. Bn phng khch mua bn u
dng tin vng (...) Nh nh nui sc-vt, ch ch by bn canh ngon, i
tc dng cm st, kht ung ru b-o, vui-sng chng th t.
Quc-vng nc ny hiu l Di-Lan, dng Chnh-Php tr nc. Vua DiLan ti cao, tr sng, thu-hiu Kinh-o, rnh vic qu-kh, v-lai v hinti, cc mu-lc chin-u chng chi chng lu-thng.
*
010.- Vua Di-Lan hi b tu-s D-Ho-La.
Lc by gi, Vng ra thnh i du-ngon, cc binh-chng dn ra h-tng
bn ngoi. Tm Vng cao-ngo t ngh, Ta lm Vua, c kh nng ip chn mi su loi kinh, ni gii ra ch ngi hi n tn v cng,
thch-hp vi lng ngi vui hiu li ta ni. Vng lin ni vi cc quan
hu-cn:
- Vn cn sm qu tr vo thnh, chng c vic g lm. Cc khanh c bit
v o-nhn hay sa-mn no c th cng Ta bn-lun v cc Kinh kh
chng?
Vin quan hu-cn tn l Trim-Di-Li-Vng-Qun tu rng:
- Bm c, c sa-mn tn l D-Ho-La bit tht r-rng v Kinh-o, c th
cng i-Vng tho-lun v cc kinh kh.
*
013.- Ai l Na-Tin? Xe l g? Ngi l g?
Hng v Na-Tin, Vng hi:
- Khanh tn chi?
Na-Tin p:
- Cha m ti t tn cho l Na-Tin, c lc gi l Th-Na-Tin, c khi ku l
Duy-Ca-Tin; v th ngi i bit n ti di danh-t .
Vng hi Na-Tin:
- Ai l Na-Tin?
Vng li hi tip:
- u l Na-Tin chng?
- u chng phi l Na-Tin.
- Mt, tai, mi, ming l Na-Tin chng?
- Mt, tai, mi, ming chng phi l Na-Tin.
- C, t, vai, cnh tay, chn, bn tay l Na-Tin chng?
- Chng phi l Na-Tin.
- (...), bn chn l Na-Tin chng?
- Chng phi l Na-Tin.
- Nhan-sc l Na-Tin chng?
- Chng phi l Na-Tin.
- Kh, vui l Na-Tin chng?
- Chng phi l Na-Tin.
*
014.- Thi- ng-n khi tho-lun.
Vng li hi Na-Tin: ''S c th cng Ta bn-lun v cc Kinh kh
chng?''
Na-Tin p: ''Nu Vua dng tr-hu hi ti, th c th cng nhau bnlun. Nu Vua dng li vng-gi kiu-qu, th chng th cng Vua bnlun c.''
Vng hi tip:
- Tr-hu, c bao nhiu loi?
- Bc tr-gi, khi m-lun, ht sc vn hi cng nhau, gii r cng nhau, li
ni cao, li ni thp, li ni chnh-trc, li ni bt-chnh; c thng c thua
t mnh bit ly phi tri, l tr-hu ti-thng, chng cn cht gin-hn;
bc tr-gi l nh th .
- Li ni vng-gi, c bao nhiu loi?
- Li ni vng-gi t phng theo cm-ngh ca mnh; h c ch tri l
chng nh Vua, tc thi Vua bt ti nng, pht git i; nh th l li
ni bc vng-gi.
Vng lin ni rng:
- Nguyn dng li ni ca bc tr-gi, chng dng li ni ca Vng-gi;
chng gi -ngh Vng-gi trong li mnh ni, ch nn ni theo nh li t ca ch sa-mn, nh li cc v u-b-tc, nn theo li ca ch sa-mn m
khin cho lng mnh chng mang s-hi, chnh-tm cng c khai-ng.
Na-Tin lin tht ln rng: ''Tht lnh thay!''
*
015.- Cu hi rt kh: chng nghe hi, m c p ri chng?
Vng ni: ''Ta c iu mun hi.''
Na-Tin p: ''i-Vng c hi!''
- Nm iu c l: (1) tham dm, (2) gin hn, (3) m ng, (4) vui a, (5)
nghi-ng. Ngi chng li xa nm iu c th tm- chng an-nh; ri
b c chng th tm lin thanh-tnh.
Th d nh Vua Gi-Ca-Vit cng ngi nga qua sng, khin cho nc tr
nn c ngu. Vt qua sng ri, Vua kht, mun c nc ung. Nh Vua
c vin ngc thanh-thy-chu, em ngm vo nc, nc lin lng trong,
Vua c nc tinh-khit ung. Lng ngi c v nh nc c. Cc v
-t Pht c o -thot sanh-t th tm thanh-tnh nh vin ngc thanhthy-chu. Ngi b c cc iu c, lng thnh-tn v thanh-tnh ta nh
vng trng sng.
Vng ngi khen:''Lnh thay! Lnh thay!''
*
022.- Tinh-tn l lm sao?
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Ngi thnh-tn tinh-tn th nh th no?
- Cc v -t Pht t thy trong hng ng-tu c ngi dt b c c-tm,
c ngi c qu Tu--hun, c ngi c qu T--hm, c ngi c
qu A-na-hm, c ngi c qu A-la-hn, nguyn-nhn l bit bt chc
nhau m hnh-ng, nn cng u c -thot c.
Cng ta nh trn ni cao c trn ma ro, nc chy trn xung sng ngp
lai-lng. Cc ngi dn gn y chng bit c nc su cn th no, nn
chng dm li qua sng. Cht c ngi t xa li, nhn ln nc bit rng
hp, cn su ra sao, t lng sc mnh, nn vt qua c. Dn gn thy
th mi bt chc theo m li qua. -t Pht cng th, thy ngi i trc
tm thanh-tnh chng c bn qu-v, nn u noi theo thin-tm m
tinh-tn tin ln. Kinh Pht c ni, ngi c lng thnh-tn c th t c thot, ngi km ch c nm s tham-dc, th t bit thn ny l kh li
cn gip cho ngi i nn theo tr-hu m thnh-ton nn o-c.
Vng khen ngi: ''Lnh thay! Lnh thay!''
*
034.- Th no gi l nht-tm?
Vng li hi:
- Nht-tm c ngha ra sao?
- Trong mi iu thin, nht-tm l vo bc cao nht. Ngi hay gi c
nht-tm th mi iu thin u i theo . V nh lu-i, b ngc cn c
ch nng-ta dng ln, cc ngi lm lnh cng u da vo s nhttm. Th-d nh cc tng-qun em bn o binh ra chin-u, binh ci
voi, binh ci nga, binh ngi xe, v b-binh, dn ra i chung quanh Vua
trc v sau. Cc Kinh Gii ca Pht v cc iu lnh cng u qui v nht
tm, ging nh cc binh-chng i theo bn Vua.
Na-Tin lin ni Kinh: ''Trong cc iu thin nht-tm lm cn-bn; cc
ngi hc o trc nht nn qui v nht-tm; thn ngi, sng cht, qukh, cng nh nc chy bn di, trc sau nng theo nhau, chng c
thi tr li.''
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
035.- Tr-hu l nh th no?
Vng li hi:
- Tr-hu l nh th no?
- Ti c ni trc ri, tr-hu c kh-nng ct t cc nghi-ng, lm sng
t cc vic thin (...) V nh cm n i vo nh ti, nh la va vo nh th
ph tan mn u-ti m sng rc ln. Ngi c tr-hu sng-t cng nh nh
la. Li v nh ngi cm dao bn cht cy, ngi c tr-hu hay dit dt
cc iu c, cng nh con dao bn. Ni th-gian, con ngi ly tr-hu lm
iu quan-trng bc nht; ngi c tr-hu mi kh-nng vt thot c
ni kh sanh-t.
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
A.- Bn Phng-dch
Quyn Trung
042.- Ba loi cm-th: vui, kh, chng vui chng kh.
Vng hi Na-tin:
- Con ngi cm thy vui, th thin hay l bt-thin? Con ngi cm thy
kh, th thin hay bt-thin? c Pht h chng c ni, c vui hoc c kh.
Nu nh khin cho c m lm ra chng c, th kh hay khng?
Na-Tin hi li Vng:
- Nh thanh st nung , c ngi tay cm ly th b phng chng; li cm
mt hn bng trong tay, bng c lm phng tay ngi chng?
- D nhin, c hai tay u b phng.
- Nh th, trong hai tay u nng c chng?
- Chng nng c hai.
- Hoc c hai u lnh ht chng?
- Chng lnh c hai.
Na-Tin bo: ''C hai tay u nng c. Ti mun hi k i-Vng, hai ln
trc, sau, c hai u nng, th nn ni c hai u nng; c hai u lnh th
nn ni c hai u lnh, c sao Vng li bo chung, mt nng, mt lnh m
cng lm cho tay ngi b phng?
Vng ni: ''Tr-c Ta cn thin-cn qu, chng sc hiu kp vic kh
ny. Nguyn Na-Tin v Ta m gii-thch cho.
Na-Tin ni:
- Kinh Pht c ni n vic : thng c su vic khin con ngi mng
bn trong; c su vic khin con ngi ru bn trong; li cng c su vic
khin con ngi chng mng cng chng ru; v bn ngoi li cng c su
vic khin con ngi bun ru.
- Kinh Pht ni: ''i ngi sng cht cng nh bnh xe chuyn ln, sanh t,
t sanh, chng bao gi dt tuyt.''
d.- Su cn, su trn v su thc phi-hip ...
Con ngi tng theo mt, hnh-sc ca vn-vt, v c thc; l gic-tri
(=hiu-bit); ba s-vic (mt, hnh-sc, thc) hip li, ri tng theo hip
m sanh ra sng kh, tng theo sng kh sanh ra n-i, tng theo n-i
sanh ra ham-mun, tng theo ham-mun sanh ra hu-tr (= c s truynt), tng theo hu-tr s sanh sanh ra, tng theo sanh l nguyn-nhn ca
vic lm thin-c.
Tng theo thin-c, lin khi sanh ra tai nghe m-thanh, c thc tc l gictri, c ba s-vic (tai, m-thanh, thc) hip li m sanh ra sng kh,
tng theo sng kh sanh ra n-i, tng theo n-i sanh ra ham-mun, tng
theo ham-mun sanh ra hu-tr, tng theo hu-tr m s sanh sanh ra, tng
theo sanh m lm cc iu thin-c.
Tng theo thin-c, lin khi sanh ra mi ngi mi, c thc, tc l gic-tri;
ba s-vic (mi, mi v thc) hip li, tng theo hip sanh ra sng kh,
tng theo sng kh sanh ra n-i, tng theo n-i sanh ra ham-mun, tng
theo ham-mun sanh ra hu-tr, tng theo hu-tr m s sanh sanh ra, tng
theo sanh m lm iu thin-c.
Tng theo thin-c, lin khi sanh ra ming nm v, c thc tc l gic-tri;
ba s-vic (ming, v v thc) hip li, tng theo hip m sanh ra sng
kh, tng theo sng kh m sanh ra n-i, tng theo n-i m sanh ra hammun, tng theo ham-mun sanh ra hu-tr, tng theo hu-tr m s sanh
sanh ra, tng theo sanh m lm iu thin-c.
Tng theo thin-c lin khi sanh ra thn c ch trn-lng, c thc tc l
gic-tri; ba s-vic (thn, trn-lng v thc) hip li, tng theo hip sanh
ra sng kh, tng theo sng kh m sanh ra n-i, tng theo n-i m sanh
ra ham-mun, tng theo ham-mun m sanh ra hu-tr, tng theo hu-tr m
s sanh sanh ra, tng theo sanh m lm u thin-c.
Tng theo thin-c m khi sanh ra tm-, -nim v c thc tc l gic-tri;
c ba s-vic (tm, -nim v thc) hip li, tng theo hip m sanh ra
sng kh, tng theo sng kh m sanh ra n-i, tng theo n-i m sanh ra
ham-mun, tng theo ham-mun m sanh ra hu-tr, tng theo hu-tr m
khin s sanh sanh ra, tng theo sanh m lm iu thin-c. Nh th, con
ngi trin-chuyn, sanh t t sanh, chng bao gi dt tuyt.
Vng ngi khen: ''Lnh thay!''.
*
048.- ''Ngi c gc'' ngha l g?
Vng li hi Na-tin:
- Khanh c ni, con ngi sng cht chng th c c gc. ''Chng th
c c gc'' -ngha ra lm sao?
- ''Ngi c gc'' phi chng sanh tr li, ''ngi c gc'' phi tr li qu-kh
dng lm ''gc''.
- ''Ngi chng c gc'' phi nn chng sanh tr li, nhn thy ''ngi c
gc'' phi tr li qu-kh, nh th thi ''gc'' l cha dt tuyt chng?
- D nhin, c hai u phi l qu-kh.
*
049.- Ci ''gc sanh-t'' l g?
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- i ngi sng cht c k theo bn cnh gip thm ch li chng?
- Ti xin hi li i-Vng, con ngi th-gian cng vi cc loi nhn khi
di-chuyn th b i theo bn cnh c tng thm ch li g chng?
- Ta chng hi Na-Tin v con ngi th-gian cng cc loi nhn b i khi
di-chuyn; Ta ch mun hi Na-Tin ci gc sanh t ca con ngi l g?
a.- ''Gc sanh-t'' ca con ngi.
- Cy-ci sanh ra, ly chi non lm gc; ng cc ly ht la lm gc; thinh, vn vt u ly gc ca loi mnh m sanh ra. Con ngi th tng theo
su tnh-cm, n-i, lm gc. Con ngi c mt, c hnh-sc, v c thc; c
tai, c m-thanh, v c thc; c mi, c mi, v c thc; c li, c v, v c
*
052.- Mt v tm cng thy.
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Khi con ngi mt thy th mt v tm c cng nhau pht-sanh hay khng?
- D nhin, c hai ng thi cng pht-sanh.
- Mt thy trc hay l tm thy trc?
- Mt thy trc, tm thy sau.
- C hai c ni vi nhau nh vy chng? Mt ni vi tm, ch ti thy trc,
anh nn theo sau m thy. Tm ni vi mt, ch anh thy, ti nn theo
m thy sau.
- C hai chng ni vi nhau g ht.
- Khanh h chng c ni, ''ng thi cng pht-sanh'' hay sao, v c g m c
hai li chng ni vi nhau nh vy?
- C bn s-vic khin cho chng chng cn ni vi nhau nh trn. Bn svic l nhng g? Mt l, i theo xung di. Hai l, i theo hng ca.
Ba l, i theo vt xe. Bn l theo s. Bn s-vic khin cho chng c s
cng ni vi nhau.
- Th no l i theo xung di?
- Trn ni cao c ma ln, th nc chy xung nh th no?
- Chy theo xung phi di.
- Sau , li c ma na. Nc ny chy nh th no?
- Th chy theo ch nc m ma trc chy.
- Nc chy trc c ni vi nc sau, anh phi chy theo ng ti qua
trc, chng? Nc sau c ni vi nc trc, ti ang chy theo ng anh
qua trc, chng?
056.- S-nim l g?
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Con ngi c s-nim ca mnh. C bao nhiu loi s-nim?
- Con ngi c s-nim nhn v c s-tc. Th-d nh c ngi ha thuc
c ri ung, li cho k khc ung na; thn mnh kh, li cn lm kh
n k khc. Li th-d nh ngi lm c, cht i phi sa vo a-ngc, cc
ngi khc c k y dy, lm theo iu c , cng u phi sa vo angc y c. K c c s-nim, c s-tc, l nh vy .
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
057.- Th no ni-ng?
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Th no l ni-ng?
- Y-ch bn trong ni ln, l ng.
- ng vi Hnh, thi ra lm sao?
- Th-d nh chu ng, ni ng, c ngi n t nu ln; cc kh-c
pht ra ting v c d-m; l hnh. Con ngi cng nh vy, -ch khi
ln, nhn m c hnh-ng.
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
058.- Cc tm-nim phi-hip nhau ri chng tch ra ring t mn c.
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Hip, tr, nim, , ng, nhng th hip nhau li, ri sau mun phnbit mi th ra c chng?
- Con ngi cng li nh vy; phi lm iu thin trc, ch n lc cncp mi lm vic thin, chng v-ch lm sao?
V-d nh c ch-qun n xm-phm t nc, i-Vng cn chin-u
chng li ngay, by gi mi sai ngi lo tp nga, luyn voi, tuyn binh, th
c tc-chin kp thi chng?
- Chng kp, cn c sn binh-lnh tr-b mi kp lm-thi chin-u ngay;
ch n lc lm trn mi lo tp nga, luyn voi, tuyn binh, th v-ch lm.
- Kinh Pht ni: ''Con ngi trc phi lo nim iu thin, thn lm vic
thin; n sau mi lm lnh, chng v-ch lm sao?'' i-Vng chng b
Chnh-o, chng bt chc theo t-o. Ngi ngu b iu thin, lm iu
c, ri sau ny ngi khc-than, c ch vo u. K no dt b iu trungchnh, theo iu bt-chnh, n lc sp cht s hi-hn v sau.
Vng khen ngi: ''Lnh thay! Lnh thay!''
*
063.- ''Lc ring'' phi chng l ''Nghip-lc''?
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Ch sa-mn cc khanh c ni, la th-gian chng ging nh la angc. Li ni, cm mt hn nh t trong la th-gian mi cho n
chiu ti, cng chng tiu tan; m cm mt hn ln t trong la angc th li tiu-tan c ngay. Do , Ta chng th tin c. Cc khanh
cng li c ni, ngi lm c, khi mt, phi sa vo a-ngc hng ngn vn
nm cn cha cht tiu; do , Ta li cng chng th tin li ni c.
- i-Vng c nghe ni ngoi bin ln c loi thy-tc nh mng-x ci
(= rn ln), giao-long ci (= thung-lung), gip-ng ci (= ba-ba), gii ci
(= cua), khi mang thai trong bng thng dng sa-thch (= ct) m n
chng?
- C nghe ni, chng dng sa-thch m lm thc-phm.
- Sa-thch vo bng ri c tiu chng?
- D nhin, phi tiu-tan.
- c Pht, xt k ra, phm-hnh cng ging nh phm-hnh ca ng iPhm Thin-vng ci Tri th by, tc l chng giao-hi vi ph-n
chng?
- D nhin, li xa ph-n, nn rt tnh-khit, chng ch no u-trc c.
- Nu c Pht lm ging vi phm-hnh ca -t ng i-Phm ThinVng ci Tri th by, th c Pht l -t ca i-Phm Thin-Vng
ch g?
Na-Tin lin hi Vng:
- -t ca ng i-Phm Thin-vng c nim hay chng c nim?
- -t ca ng i-Phm Thin-Vng vn cn c nim.
- Nh th th -t ca ng i-Phm Thin-vng v cc bc Tri khc
cng u l -t ca c Pht c.
Na-Tin li hi Vng:
- Chim ht, ting ht ging loi no?
- Chim ht ting ging nh ting chim nhn.
- Nh th, chim l -t ca nhn chng? Mi loi u khc loi nhau. c
Pht li cng nh th, u phi l -t ca ng i-Phm Thin-Vng.
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
078.- c Pht t bit ly Kinh-k v Gii-lut.
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- c Pht c hc bit v phng-hnh tt c Kinh-k v Gii-lut chng?
- c Pht hc bit v phng-hnh ht c Kinh-k v Gii-lut.
- c Pht theo bc thy no m hc bit nh th?
*
081.- Tr-nh ca con ngi.
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Con ngi c kh-nng no nh li c cc s-vc xy ra tht luxa chng?
- Ngi ta lc u-su hay nh n cc s-vic xy t lu-xa.
- Dng cch chi m nh li c, dng tr-nh hay l dng s suy-ngh.
- i-Vng tng c ch hc bit ri, v sau nh li chng?
- D nhin l ta c ch hc bit ri, v sau li mau qun i.
- Ngay by gi, i-Vng c qun, hay chng qun iu ?
- Ngay by gi, Ta c nh li, nhng chng (ging) ng.
- C th l chng ng, bi v i-Vng tng-tng (thm) ra.
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Ngi c iu lm nay nh li nh va mi lm, v iu hin ang lm,
cng nh li. C hai u dng tr-nh nh li chng?
- Cc iu lm qua ri v cc iu hin ang lm, cng u dng tr-nh
m nh li c c.
- Nh th, con ngi ch nh li cc vic qua, m chng dng tr-nh
nh cc vic mi chng?
- Gi thit nh vic mi c ch lm chng th nh-ngh c, th cng li
nh th.
- Ngi mi hc trong sch v v cc k-thut kho-lo khc c b vt qun
i mt chng?
- Ngi (dy) hc iu mi th vit v ra (d) nh, khin cho k -t c
s hiu-bit, do m c tr nh li.
- Th d nh cc ngi hc tnh-ton sau qun i, nay thy k khc tnhton th lin nh li.
- Th ba, th no l do cc i-s m nh li?
- Th-d nh Thi-t lc ln ngi lm Vua, ngh rng ngi Vua l tn-qu,
l mt i-s, cho nn nh li.
- Th t, th no l ngh n iu lnh th nh li?
- Th d nh v c k khc i-x (t-t), mi-mc bng li-l cc-k
thin-lnh, ngi y lin ngh n li ni thin-lnh ngy hm y, l v
ngh n iu lnh m nh li.
- Th nm, th no v chu kh-s m nh li?
- Th d nh tng b ngi nh p, giam nht trong khm, ngc, l v
chu kh-s m nh li.
- Th su, th no l t mnh suy-ngh m nh li?
- Th d nh thy c ch ging nhau vi nh ca, h-hng, hoc gia-sc (ca
mnh); l v t suy-ngh m nh li.
- Th by, th no l tng lm nhiu vic khc nhau m nh li?
- Th d nh gi tn ca vn vt, mu-sc, thm thi, ngt ng, ngh n
cc li ni ch n tt c cc s-vt y, l v lm nhiu vic khc nhau
m nh li.
- Th tm, th no l nh c nhc m nh li?
- Nh k c tnh hay qun, nghe ngi khc nhc li, nn nh.
- Th chn, th no l do hnh-tng m nh li?
- Con ngi, tru, nga, mi mi u c hnh-tng ca chng-loi ring,
l do hnh-tng chng-loi m nh li c.
- Th mi, th no l tng c ch qun khin nh li?
Na-Tin hi li Vng:
- Nh ngi cm con dao cn ng trong hp, c th no ct cht t vt chi
chng?
- Chng th ct t c.
- Lng ngi tuy sng-sut hiu r, nhng cng nn hi su vic kia li
th mi thnh tr vy.
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
089.- L lm iu c, bit hi-ci, ti gim i dn.
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Ngi lm iu thin c phc ln, ri lm iu c cng b tai-ng ln
chng?
- Ngi lm iu thin c phc ln, ri lm iu c th b tai-ng nh.
Ngi y lm iu c, ngy ngy t hi li, do vic li-lm cng nh dn
i. Ngi y lm iu thin, ngy ngy nh ngh trong lng vui-v, cho nn
c phc ln. Tch xa, khi c Pht i chu-du, c ngi kia ct c tay
chn em dng mt a hoa sen cng dng Pht. c Pht bo ch tkheo, ngi ct c tay chn ny, trong chn mi mt kip, chng h b sa
vo a-ngc hoc a vo hng sc-sanh, ri c sanh ln ci Tri, sau
tr li ci ngi. V l , ti bit k tuy lm iu thin nh m c c
phc ln. Lm c, ngi y bit ngy ngy t hi-ci, khin ti nh dn v
tiu-dit i; do ti bit ngi y c lm iu g lm-li cng gp phi taing nh.
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
090.- Ngi tr, k ngu cng lm c ai nng ti hn?
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
*
095.-Tinh-thn, Tr-hu v T-nhin.
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- Tinh-thn con ngi, tr-hu v t-nhin, c ba iu y ng nh nhau hay
l khc vi nhau?
- Tinh-thn ch v s hiu-bit, tr-hu thng-hiu c o, cn t-nhin
l h-khng chng c ngi.
*
096.- Phn-tch k thn-tm ra, l v-ng chng?
Vng li hi Na-Tin:
- c lm ngi, ci chi lm cho ta c c lm ngi? Mt th thy sc,
tai th nghe ting, mi th ngi mi, ming th nm v, thn th bit ch th,
ch nhuyn, tr th bit phn-bit iu lnh, iu c, th th ci chi lm cho ta
c c lm ngi?
Na-Tin lin hi li Vng:
- Th d nh c ngi khin cho mt nhng ln ra khi ng-t th c thy
c rng xa hn chng, khin cho vnh tai to ln th c nghe c ting
tht xa chng, khin cho mi hnh ln ln th c ngi c mi nhiu thm
chng, khin cho ming m hoc ra th c nm c nhiu v chng, khin
cho da tht cng phng rng ra th c bit thm th nhuyn chng, khin cho
tr vt ni ln th c suy-nim c nhiu thm chng?
- Chng c.
Na-Tin lin ni:
- c Pht, ti ch lm, Ngi lm cvic tht kh; ni ch bit, Ngi
bit rt thm-diu.
- Ch lm vic tht kh, ch bit rt thm-diu, -ngha nh th no?
- c Pht ni, Ngi c th bit c cc b-phn trong bng ngi, giithch c nhng g mt thy, tai nghe, mi ngi, ming nm, thn s chm,
ct ngha cc iu thnh-bi, cc vic nghi-ng, ging r cc t-tng, nim, cc vn- tm-linh.
Na-Tin li ni:
- Nh c ngi ngm mt ngm nc bin mn, c th no phn-bit ra
c phn nc no l nc t sui chy n, (...) phn no t sng chy
n chng?
- Nc ha chung li thnh mt, lm sao bit ring c.
- Ch Pht lm mt vic tht kh, l phn-bit bit r hng-v ca mi
th nc, nh nc bin m nay i-Vng cn cha th phn-bit c,
nh thn-tr con ngi vn cha thy c trong thn c su s-vic chng
th thy. Bi th cho nn, c Pht gii-thch, tng theo tm-nim m
n vi mt mi thy vt, tng theo tm-nim m n vi tai mi nghe
ting, tng theo tm-nim m n vi mi mi ngi mi, tng theo tmnim n vi ming mi nm v, tng theo tm-nim n vi thn mi bit
sng kh, nng lnh, th cng, tng theo tm-nim n vi mi bit ch
qui-hng. Pht tt bit ht c, phn-bit gii-thch r-rng ht c.
Vng khen: ''Lnh thay!''
*
097.- Lun-bn Gio-Php, Vng v Na-Tin u vui .
Na-Tin ni:
- qu na m ri, ti xin ra v.
Tc th, Vng lin ra lnh cho cc quan hu-cn mang bn sc vi dy c
tm du m dng lm uc, a Na-Tin v, dn phi phc-v Na-Tin
nh ang phc-v cho Ta. Cc v hu-cn ng tu: ''Xin tun lnh dy.''
Vng ni:
- c v thy dy nh Na-Tin, v c -t nh Ta, chc l mau c o
lm.
B-la-mn (004): o B-la-mn l tn-gio chnh-thc ca c-n-, tnth c i-Phm Thin-vng (Brahma), theo gio-l trong Kinh V-
(Veda). Ch B-la-mn (Pali: Brahmana) cn c ngha l giai-cp tu-s, caoqu nht trong x-hi c ca n-.
Bch (016): ting tn-xng ch s tha trnh ln bc trn.
Bng-hong (011): Chng yn-tm, lo-lng chng bit v sao lo
Bo-thai (049-c; 063; 065): (Bo = rut; thai = thn-th ngi khi mi tng
hnh trong bng m): thn cn trong bng m.
Bc-cu-l chu (091): Theo khoa a-l ca Pht-hc, th-gian c ngn ni
Tu-di cao gia, chung quanh c bn chu: (1) ng-thng-thn chu, (2)
Nam-thim-b chu, (3) Ty-ngu-ha chu, (4) Bc-cu-l chu. Chng ta
sng Nam-thim-b chu, cn gi l Dim-ph- (tn nc n- xa,
v c nhiu cy dim-ph)
Bng-h (009): ting tn-xng ch s cht ca Vua.
Bn-cng (061): (Bn = ngho; cng = tng-cng): ngho thiu, khn-cng.
Bt an (012): (Bt = chng; an = yn): tm chng yn, lo-lng.
Bt-bnh-ng (061): (Bt = chng; Bnh= bng nhau; ng= hng): chng
ngang hng nhau, c k hn, ngi km; thiu s cng-bng trong cc hng.
Bt-chnh (014; 062): (Bt= chng; Chnh= chn-chnh; ng-n): Li ni
bt-chnh l li ni chng ngay-thng, cong-queo, chng ng l phi. Tri
ngha vi Chn-chnh.
Bt-dit (040): (Bt= chng; Dit = tiu mt): chng h cht i mt. Bt-sanh
bt dit c ngha l chng h c sanh ra; v v chng c s sanh, cho nn
chng th c s cht. Cng ngha vi Vnh-cu.
Bin-ti (007): (Bin = tranh-bin, lun-gii; Ti = kh-nng hn ngi): c
ti tranh-bin, lun-gii v o-l.
Bnh bt (007; 097): dng-c bng snh dng ng thc n, to nh cc ni
t nh, cc T-kheo mang theo kht-thc mi bui sng.
*
D
D (042-c): lng d, bng d.
Danh-Thn (043; 045; 046): (Danh = tn gi; Thn = thn-th): Hai ch
Danh-Thn y dng ch vo thn-tm con ngi. Gio-l Nam-Tng
th gi l Danh-Sc: Nma-Rpa; Danh l phn tm-linh, tc l tm; cn Sc
l cc thnh-phn vt-cht, tc l thn; hi c hai li gi chung l Thn-Tm,
hay Danh-Sc.
Danh-t (013): (Danh = tn; T = ch): tn, danh-xng.
Di-Lan (004; 009): tn ca v Vua ng ra tha hi gio-l vi T-kheo NaTin. Theo truyn-thuyt, B-tt Long-Th (Nagarjuna), tc-gi quyn Kinh
T-kheo Na-Tin ny, mun dng tn Di-Lan m-ch c Vua ng thi
l Mnandre; cn tn ca T-kheo Na-Tin (Nagasena) t m-ch mnh.
Tn vua Di-Lan, ting Pali l Milinda, c bn dch l Di-lan-.
Do-tun (086): phin-m ch Phn Yojana, n-v o chiu di, n-
xa, bng 16 dm; mi dm di 576m.
Du-ngon (010): (Du = i do chi; ngon = ngm cnh): i do chi ngm
cnh.
D-m (057): (D = tha ra, cn st; m = ting): ting vang cn ko di
mc du m-thanh khi ln dt.
Dng- (024): Dch-gi Hn-vn dng ch -ch (= dng-) dch T
nim-x trong 37 Phm Tr o. Xin xem thm ch T nim-x.
*
Kinh (069, 075, 078; 079, 083): bn vn chp li li dy ca ch Pht, Btt, c ghi li trong i-Tng. Th d nh Kinh Kim-Cang, Kinh PhpC. (Pali: Sutta Sanscrit: Sutra; Hn-Vit: Kh-Kinh.)
Km-ch (028; 033): gi-gn cho ng; Km-ch cng ngha vi ch Khcphc (011).
K (005): bi vn ngn, thng l bn cu th, tm-tt li li Pht ging
trong Kinh. (Pali, Sanscrit: Gatha).
K-th Cp-c-c (001): K-th l cc hng cy c-th ca Thi-t K-;
Cp-c-c l danh-hiu ca v trng-gi giu-c xy ct cha K-vin
c Pht v cc v T-kheo tr-ng. Nguyn Thi-t K- c khu vn
p-, ng Cp-c-c mun mua ct tnh-x. Thi-t bo, ch vng lt
khp mt t th bn cho.
ng Cp-c-c lt vng khp vn, ch tr cc hng cy c-th lt vng
ln chng c. Thi-t chng nhn vng, hin lun khu vn; v th cha
K-vin c gi l xy ct trong vn K-th Cp-c-c. (Phn:
Jetavana).
K-n (018): (K = kho-lo; n = ph-n; n-b, c gi): cc ph-n ma
ht trong cung Vua.
K-s (010): (K= ci nga; S = binh-s): cc binh-s ci nga.
Khai-ng (014; 017): (Khai = m ra; Ng = hiu r): Khai-ng, c ngha l
m rng tm lng ngay-thng ra hiu bit c Chn-L.
Khan (016): ting Hn-Vit, c ngha l keo-kit, qu h-tin.
Khanh (013; 017; 052; 064): Ting nh Vua gi cc quan; hoc ting gi
nhau thn-mt.
Khc-phc (011): ch-phc c; thng c khin cho k kia phi chu
u-hng, tun theo mnh.
Kht-thc (007): (Kht = i xin n; Thc = n): Theo Gii-Lut ca nh
Pht, cc T-kheo chng c c ngh mu-sanh ring, mi sng phi i xin
n, gi l kht-thc, nui mng sng m tu-hnh. l dp tu-s dp
Lin-tc (037): (Lin = k theo sau; Tc = tip-tc): k tip theo sau chng
dt.
Lc ring (063): (Lc = phc, bng-lc, lng-bng). Ch Lc dng trong
on-vn ny c hm ngha l phc ring c dnh sn t trc. Da theo
-ngha , Thin-Nht ti ngh c l ch Lc ny tng-ng vi ch
Nghip-lc, tc l nhng nh-hng tch-ly sn do nhng hnh-ng c-
c trong cc i trc to nn.
Lu-luyn (044): (Lu = gi cn li; Luyn = mn thch): cn mn thch
mi.
Lu-ly (033): ngc trong-sut ta nh cht pha-l (king).
*
M
Mc-nhin (007): (Mc = im-lng; nhin = t-nhin): Gi s im-lng, c
ngm chp-nhn.
Mu thng (075): (Mu = binh-kh xa, gy di c mi nhn; Thng =
Sang = binh-kh xa, gy st di c mi nhn): hai loi binh-kh xa dng
m.
Mc-tiu (007): (Mc = con mt, ch mt nhn chm-ch n; tiu = ci
mc, ch ang c nhm vo): ch ang nhm vo bn; gn ngha vi
ch mc-ch.
*
N
Na-Tin (001): tn ca v T-kheo ging-gii gio-l cho Vua Di-Lan. (Pali:
Nagasena). y l mt tn tng-tng ca tc-gi quyn ''Kinh T-kheo
Na-Tin''. Cch sch Lun cho rng, B-tt Long-Th (Phn: Nagarjuna)
ngi sng tc ra quyn sch ny, mun dng ci tn Na-Tin mch chnh mnh, khi i-p vi Vua.
N-Hon (007; 011; 041; 046; 049-c; 049-c) cn c l Nit-bn. Phin-m
t ch Pali: Nibbna; Sanscrit: Nirvana, c ngha l ra khi rng u-ti; tc l
tn-dit ht cc phin-no, chng-c c v-sanh (chng cn phi tisanh trong Lun-hi), c t-ti trong cnh vng-lng, an-vui. Cng ngha
vi ch Hn-Vit: Vin-tch.
Ni (001): n tu-s theo o Pht. Cn gi l T-kheo-ni.
Nim (077; 088): Ch Nim, dng nh danh-t, c ngha l t-tng, ngh; dng nh ng-t, c ngha l nh ngh li trong lng. Ch nim
on vn trang 63, c ngha l cn c t-tng khi ln trong tm, tc l tm
cn cha n mc vng-lng, thanh-tnh nh tm ca c Pht.
Nim-o (001) (Nim = nh ngh lun trong lng; o, y l ChnhPhp): suy-tng n Chnh-Php.
Nit-Bn (007; 011; 065; 074): chung mt ngha vi ch N-Hon trn.
Ng voi (002): i rng nanh ca voi, di v trng, trng nh cp sng.
Ng-qu (004; 007): qu i. (Pali: Peta; Sanscrit: Preta). y l mt hng
chng-sanh thuc ng d, thn hnh m-o, bng to, c nh, lun lun i
kht.
Ngy trai (003): nhng ngy n chay, gi gii ca bc tu-hnh. Su ngy
trai trong thng l: mng 1, 8, 14, rm, 23 v 29 hoc 30. Ting Hn-Vit
gi ngy trai l trai-nht.
Ngm vnh xe (013): l hng trong vnh bnh xe, ni trc xe nm xuyn
qua, chu ng sc nng ca xe.
Nghip (071): Ch Nghip trong Pht-hc, dng dch ch Pali: kamma;
ch Sanscrit: Karma, ch nh-hng cn lu li ca cc hnh-ng c-
c qua trong i trc hay i ny, lm thay-i cuc sng hin-ti v
mai sau. H lm lnh, th c nghip thin; h lm c, th b nghip-c. Bc
A-la-hn dt ht nghip, nn chng cn phi ti-sanh na trong ci Lunhi.
Ngoi-o (009): (Ngoi = ngoi; o = y l o Pht): cc tn-gio khc,
chng theo o Pht. Xin lu- ch Ngoi-o chng h c -ngha xu l
t-ma, m-tn, nh thng ni t-ma ngoi-o.
Ngng-m (011): Knh-m; yu-mn v knh-trng.
3.- Php vi ngha tng-qut trong ting Pali dhamma ch vo tt c mi svt, c hnh hay chng c hnh. Th-d: php-gii.
Pht (001): bc gic-ng v gii-thot hon-ton. (Phn: Buddha). Pht l
bc t-mnh gic-ng (t-gic), em ch gic-ng ra ch-dy cho chngsanh (gic-tha), v cng-cuc ho- chng-sanh ca Ngi hon-thnh
vin mn (gic hnh vin-mn). Ch ring c Pht mi c mi danhhiu tn-qu (thp hiu): Nh-Lai, ng-cng, Chnh bin-tri, Minh-hnhtc, Thin-th, Th-gian-gii, V-thng-s iu-ng trng-phu, Thinnhn-s, Pht, Th-tn.
Phi (047-b; 049-b; 053): Ch phi, dng nh mt ng-t, c ngha l kthip nhiu s-vt chung li thnh mt; nu dng nh danh-t, ch nhiu svt c hip chung li thnh mt s-vt hn-hp.
Phc-sanh (044): (Phc = tr li; sanh = sanh, sng): sanh, sng tr li.
Phng-hnh (007; 040; 066; 069; 075; 078; 083): (Phng = tun theo; Hnh
= lm): tun theo li dy m hnh-ng, n ng o-l.
*
Q
Qu-kh (006; 007; 009; 034; 047; 083) (Qu = qua; Kh = i qua ri):
vic c qua ri; thi-gian qua.
Quan-o (009): ng ci-quan, ng quc-l.
Qun (024): chuyn-tm suy-ngh k-lng, cu-xt cn-thn v mt -ti.
Kinh-sch thng dng ch Qun-chiu.
Qui-hng (096): (Qui = quay v; Hng = chiu-hng; phng-hng):
quay v theo chiu-hng no .
Qu-nhn (018): (Qu = tn-qu, cao-sang; Nhn = ngi): cc ngi p,
cao-qu; y ch cc v ph-n, hong-phi, cng-cha, v.v. trong cung
Vua.
*
R
Ru b-o (009): mt th ru nho qu gi, rt ngon.
*
S
Sa-di (006): ngi cn nh tui c th-gii vo cha tp-s tu-hnh; n
khi hai mi tui mi c th C-tc-gii lm T-kheo. (Pali:
Smanera; Sanscrit: Sramanera).
Sa-mn (003; 009; 014; 016; 064; 075; 084; 092): phin-m ch Phn, ngha
l tu-s theo o Pht. Pali: Smana; Sanscrit: Sramana). Ch sa-mn c ba
nghi: (1) cn-gi: ngi sing lm iu thin; (2)tc-gi: ngi ngng mi
vic c; (3)bn-gi: ngi nguyn cam chu ngho-kh tu-hnh.
Sm-hi (007): (Sm, phin-m ch Phn Ksamayati, c ngha n-nn, hitic li qua; Hi, ch Hn-Vit, c ngha l hi-tic, tic r v lm
phm ti): t lng hi-tic ti li l phm v xin ha chng ti-phm na.
Sng-khoi (069): v cng thch-th, vui-sng.
Sanh-t (035): (Sanh = sng; T = cht) = l sng cht.
S-sanh (037): (S = lc khi u; Sanh = sanh ra): lc mi va sanh ra.
S-nim (049-c; 056): (S = ch, ni; Nim = nh-ngh): ch ang nh ngh
n trong lng.
S-tc (056): (S = ch, ni; Tc= lm): ch lm, cng-vic lm.
Sc-sanh (004; 007): loi th vt thiu tr-hu.
S-ph (007; 068): (S = thy dy; Ph = cha): v thy dy o.
*
T
Tc-chin (062): (Tc = lm; chin = tranh u, chng gic): chin-u
chng li gic-gi.
Tai-ng (089; 090): (Tai = tai-nn, tai-ho; ng = ho, hi): tai-nn, taiha khin cho phi chu kh-s.
Ti-sanh (037; 043; 069; 073; 087) (Ti = li ln na; Sanh = sanh sng):
sanh tr li ci Lun-hi; sanh ri cht, ri li sanh cht na chng dt.
Tng (001): nam tu-s o Pht.
Tm-linh (096): thuc v tinh-thn, v-hnh.
Tm-nguyn (006): (Tm = lng; nguyn = nguyn, ha gi gn trong lng):
iu mnh ha hay mong-cu, s gi mi trong lng.
Tm-nim (058; 079; 098): (Tm = lng; Nim = -ngh): -tng nh-ngh
trong lng.
Tn-dit (036): (Tn = dt ht chng cn g; dit = lm cho tiu mt i): dp
cho ht tn gc-r.
T-kheo (001, 089): nam tu-s theo o Pht. (Phn: Bhikkhu). Cn n tu-s
Pht-gio gi l T-kheo-ni (Phn: Bhikkhuni). Ting min Bc gi l Tkhu v T-khu-ni.
Tin-vng (068): (Tin = trc; Vng = vua): cc v Vua i trc.
Tinh-tn (007; 032; 040; 088): (Tinh = chuyn-tm; tn = tin ln): C-gng
hn ln c tin-b; rng sao cho iu lnh c tng thm.
Tinh-yu (011; 018): (Tinh = iu ct-li; phn quan-trng nht; Yu =
trng-yu, quan-trng nht): iu ht sc quan-trng, thit-yu nht.
Tin-kip (004): (Tin = trc; kip = i sng): Tin-kip l cc i sng
trc trong qu-kh, trc khi sanh ra hin nay.
Tip-vin (032): (Tip = cu-gip; Vin = vin-tr, em n gip): Tipvin l gi thm binh-s nh thng gic.
Tnh-khit (021): (Tnh, Khit = trong-sch) = trong-sch.
Thi-t (004; 009): (Thi = ln, trng; T = con): v hong-t ln nht, s
ln ni ngi Vua cha.
Trng-gi (001; 063) (Trng = ln; gi = ngi): ngi giu-c, trngthng trong lng, c mi ngi knh-n.
Tu--hun (007; 022): qu-v th nht trong hng Thanh-vn; cn c gi
l qu Tht-Lai, ngha l ch cn ti-sanh li ci ngi by ln na, s
chng-c Nit-bn. (Pali: Sotapanna; Sanscrit: Srotapani)
Ty-tng (018): cng i theo hu.
T-duy (094): (T = suy ngh; Duy = tng nh): khi ln -ngh trong tm,
suy-tng.
T--hm (008; 022): qu-v th hai trong hng Thanh-vn; cn c gi
l qu Nht-Lai, ngha l ch cn phi ti-sanh li ci ngi mt ln na m
thi, s chng c Nit-bn. (Pali: Sakadagamin; Sanscrit: Sakrdagamin).
T-i (079): (T = lng T trong o Pht c ngha l tnh thng rng-ri
mi chng-sanh ging nh tnh thng ca cha-m i vi a con-mt ca
mnh. i = thng-yu): Tm-nim t-i l trong lng c -ngh thng-yu
rng-ri n mi chng-sanh.
Tng-kin (010; 011): (Tng = cng nhau; Kin = thy): gp, thy mt
nhau.
Tng-ng (051): (Tng= cng nhau; ng = ph-hp nhau): ph-hp
nhau, chng chng-i nhau.
Tng-vng (002) (Tng = voi; vng= cha): Voi cha, voi u-n.
T nim-x (024): (T = bn; Nim = nh-ngh; X = ni chn) T nimx l tn mt bn Kinh rt quan-trng trong Trung-B-Kinh (Majjhima
Nikaya) c c Pht thuyt-ging v bn lnh-vc ca s qun-nim: (1)
qun v thn; (2) qun v cm-th; (3) qun v tm; qun v php (= svt). Ngi thc-hnh php qun ny s c c nh-tm, t-tng dng
tr li v chng cc cp Thin.
T Thin-Vng (008) (T = bn; Thin = Tri; vng = vua): bn v Vua
Tri ci Dc-gii: (1) Tr-quc thin-vng; (2) Qung-mc-thin-vng;
(3) Tng-trng thin-vng; (4) a-vn thin-vng.
T-Thin (005; 092) (T = bn, th t; Thin = php tu tnh-tm, khin ngh dng li, tm-trng rng-rang, nh-nhng): Tu Thin-nh tri qua bn
giai-on: S-Thin, Nh-Thin, Tam-Thin v T-Thin. n cp TThin, thn-tm nh-nhng, tm- dng li, vng-lng, m-, an-vui.
T-ti (004; 007; 039): (T = chnh mnh; Ti = ti ); ch T-ti c ngha
l sng ty theo mnh, c t-do, thong-dong, chng cn b l-thuc vo
u c. Tng-ng vi ch T-do.
*
U
U-trc (077): d-dy, nhp-nha.
u-b-di (082): phin-m ch Phn Upasika, c ngha l n c-s tu ti-gia,
tun theo Ng-Gii. Cng ngha vi ch Cn-s-n.
u-b-tc (007; 011; 014): phin-m ch Phn, c ngha l nam c-s tu-tigia, tun theo Ng-Gii. Cng ngha vi ch Cn-s-nam. (Pali: Upasaka).
*
V
Vi-phm (007): (Vi = lm; phm = l lm iu tri ngc vi ch b cmon): Vi-phm l l lm tri vi iu cm-on.
V-lai (006; 009; 047; 083): (V = cha; Lai = n): Vic cha xy n.
Cng ngha vi ch Tng-lai.
V-ng (096): (V = chng c; Ng = Ta; bn-ng): chng c ci ''Ta'',
chng c ci ''bn-ng''. Theo gio-l nh Pht, c ba s-tht m ta thng
lm-ln: (1) v-thng (Pali: anicca), chu s bin-i, chng thng-cn;
(2) kh (Pali: dukkha), gy ra s chng va , bt-toi-nguyn; (3) v-ng
(Pali: anatta), chng h c ci ''Ta'' no trong thn-tm con ngi c. K no
cho rng c ci bn-ng, thn ta l ca ta, k vng phi t-kin, gi l
mc phi thn-kin, ng-kin.
V-thng (039; 040; 042-b; 042-f): (V = chng c; Thng = thng-cn,
lc no cng vy, chng c s bin-i): V-thng l chng thng-cn, b
chnh gia, chng nghing qua hai bn, chnh l chn-chnh, ngay-thng,
ng-n.
Hnh trung-chnh c ni y tc l li sng theo ng vi Gii-lut do
c Pht t ra: Ng Gii cho ngi tu ti nh, C-tc-gii cho cc t-kheo
v t-kheo-ni tu trong cha. Nhng, theo s suy-on ca Thin-Nht, c l
dch-gi bn Hn-vn dng ba ch hnh trung-chnh ni n con
ng Trung-o v c Bt-Chnh-o ghi trong bn Kinh Chuyn-PhpLun, l bn Kinh u-tin ca c Pht thuyt-ging ti vn Lc-Uyn.
Con ng Trung-o l con ng gia, chng nghing qua bn thammun cc li-dng, cc th vui vt-cht, m cng chng ng sang bn tuhnh p-xc. Thc-hin con ng Trung-o , th phi theo ng tm
ngnh ca Bt-Chnh-o. Bt-Chnh-o gm c: (1) chnh-kin, s thybit chn-chnh (2) chnh t-duy, s suy-ngh ng-n; (3) chnh-ng, li
ni ngay tht; (4) chnh mng, li mu-sanh ng-n vi ngh-nghip
chn-chnh; (5) chnh nghip, gi gn thn-nghip chng lm quy, khunghip ni li chn-chnh; -nghip suy-t ng-n; (6) chnh tinh-tn,
n-lc lm iu thin hn thm ln; (7) chnh-nim, bit gi-gn t-tng
trong tm thanh-tnh; v (8) chnh-nh, tm- an-tr ng-n.
Xin ng du ngoc li v k tip.
*
103.- Vua Di-Lan th-thch T-kheo Na-Tin .
Khi quan Trim-Di-Li n mi, Na-Tin lin cng ch t-kheo ti ni vua
ang ng. T xa, nhn on t-kheo di-chuyn, nh Vua trng thy mt v samn i ng trang-nghim, thn-tng p-, on ngay l Na-Tin.
Trim-Di-Li n gn bn Vua, tu rng, v t-kheo Na-Tin va n, v ch
ngay chnh ngi m c Vua d-on l Na-Tin. Lng Vua rt mng,
nhng tm ngi li cm thy xao-xuyn. Ngi t ngh: ''Tm ta ang bnghong trc mt Na-Tin, chc l Na-Tin s thng ta.''
Sau khi xng tn v cc li thm hi x-giao, cuc m-lun bt u. Vua
Di-Lan lin dng mt cu hi kh, hi Na-Tin:
- Na-Tin! Ai l Na-Tin? u, mt, tai... l Na-Tin chng?
Mi cu vua hi, Na-Tin u p:
b.- V phi ngi c hi, chng bao gi khi ln trong lng mnh mt
cht -ngh t-ho cn-con no rng mnh bit o hn ngi kia, nu
chng ng lm Thy th cng l ngi i trc. V khi ging-gii, phi ty
theo cn-c ca ngi nghe m dng li-l gin-d, r-rng, d hiu, km
theo cc th-d trong thc-t.
4.- Trong mt cuc tho-lun v cc vn- o-gio, c hai iu m k hi
v ngi p cn nn trnh, th mi xng-danh l mt cuc tho-lun ngn v hu-ch.
a.- V pha ngi hi, ch bao gi c hu- mun dn k i-thoi vo ...
ng b. Trn a-ht tm-linh, c nhiu vn- m chnh c Pht gi l
bt-kh t-ngh, ngha l chng th ngh-bn c vi li-l ca th-gian.
ng i-hi c cho c nhng bng-c tht c-th, tai nghe mt thy, c
thc-nghim ca khoa-hc chng-minh, ri mi chp-nhn. iu mnh
chng tin c, trong khung-cnh thi-gian v khng-gian hin-ti, cha
chc hn l chng th no c c, bit u li l mt s-tht ti mt
cnh-gii khc, vo mt thi khc. Th cho nn, thi- khoa-hc chnchnh l phi t ra d-dt, ch vi bc-b hon-ton m chng cu-xt k li
kh-nng thng-hiu ca tr-c con ngi.
b.- V pha ngi ng vai-tr hng-dn, tng cng chng nn a ra
''ti-hu-th'': ti ni nh th, c tin th tu theo, cn chng tin, th c gi ly
quan-nim ca mnh vy. Ngi tha hi thnh-tm mun c gii ch cn
hoi-nghi, nghe cu ni rt chn-nn, v o-tm v th m li st. Li
na, cng ng nn dng lun cu ni qu d-dng ny: ti ni th, o-hu
c c i, tng i, thi-hnh theo i, ri s c ngy hiu r c -ngha suxa m o-hu mun hi. Ngi hi ang ch i mt vi cu khuyn thct, i li ging-gii gn-gng v -ngha ch cn ang thc-mc, lm sao
m tip-tc c-tng thm c, nu ch h-nghi cn cha c gii-to.
Tng chng c chi l ng h-thn khi chnh mnh nhn thy mnh cn
cha li-l phn-tch iu ang c hi, sao li chng thnh-tht
nhn nhn s thiu-st ca mnh v mi ngi hi tm n mt bc cao-minh
khc?
5.- V trong mi trng-hp, ch chng c l ch trong cc dp tho-lun m
thi, lun lun nn gi thi- ci-m, n nhn mi l-l, -- tin hay chng
chu tin, l quyn t-do t-tng ring bn trong ca mnh -- hy lng
nghe cho ngi i-thoi c c-hi trnh-by lp-trng. Thi- ng
IV.- 37 Phm Tr o;
V.- Tr-hu;
VI.- Cc loi cm-th;
VII.- c o v ci Nit-bn;
VIII.- Pht;
IX.- Con ''Ngi'' v l-thuyt v-ng;
X.- Cc cu hi linh-tinh v kin-thc tng-qut.
Ni Bn Mc-Lc c ghi r cc tiu-mc v cc trang c lin-quan n
mi vn- va nu trn y.
Trong Phn Tm hiu Ngha , Thin Nht xin mn php chng theo ng
th-t tng trang mt, trong Bn Phng-dch, m li ln-lt xt theo cc
vn- nu trn y; xin ngi c chu phin tra-cu li chnh-vn trong
bn Phng-dch, nu thy cn.
-----*----I.- Vn-: i tu lm Sa-mn
107.- Ti sao i tu lm sa-mn?
Vn- tu-hnh, i vi ngi cn ti nh v i vi cc bc xut-gia, l
vn- quan-trng bc nht; v l vua Di-Lan nu ln cu hi ny,
trc vi v sa-mn D-Ho-La, v sau li t vn- y vi T-kheo NaTin, hn mt ln.
Ni tiu-mc s 010, phn Phng-dch, nh Vua hi sa-mn D-Ho-La, v
sao co u i tu lm sa-mn. V s ny p:
- Chng ti hc hnh trung-chnh ca o Pht, i ny c phc, i sau
cng c phc; v l , ti xung tc, co ru, mc o c-sa lm sa-mn.
L-do i tu lm sa-mn, y, c S D-Ho-La nu ln l c
phc i ny v i sau. l tu phc. Phc l phc g? ''c
phc'' l cuc sng trong hin-ti v trong tng-lai c nhiu may-mn,
sung-sng, th-d nh c giu-c, thot khi mi tai-nn, thn-tm c
an-lc v gia-quyn chng b kh-s, v.v. S hng-th hnh-phc
c xem nh ''phn thng'' b-p cho cng kh-nhc tu-hnh;
''phn-thng'' y c gi l ''phc'', u dnh cho c hai hng ngi tu
ti-gia v bc xut-gia, khi noi theo ng ''hnh trung-chnh''. Hnh-
*
115.- Vua hi Na-Tin c bit mnh cn phi ti-sanh na khng?
Ti tiu-mc s 044, nh Vua hi thng Na-Tin:
- Na-Tin nay c sanh tr li i sau khng?
y l mt cu hi thng-thn, ch i mt cu tr li minh-bch rng ''c''
hay ''khng c''. Nhng cu tr li ca Na-Tin dng nh chng p-ng
ng hn vo hu- ca nh Vua. Ti sao? Na-Tin p:
- Li i-Vng hi ti y, trc ti p ri: Nu nh ti cn c s luluyn v n-i, th i sau s sanh tr li; cn nu dt c s n-i, th ti
chng sanh li na.
p nh th, mi nghe qua, tng nh l li ni ''phn hai'' chng ququyt rng mnh dt c s n-i khi ti-sanh, m cng chng ni
chc rng mnh vn cn s n-i. Nhng nu ta ngh su-xa thm mt cht
na, s thy ch thnh-tht v kho-lo ca T-kheo Na-Tin trong li p.
Thnh-tht ch no? Vic chm-dt s n-i ca mnh, chnh mnh mnh
bit ly, c ni thng ra, ly chi lm bng-c, ri ai ''lm chng'' cho mnh?
V l , Na-Tin mi dng ch ''nu'' trong cu tr li. Kho-lo ch no?
Nu ni toc ra rng t lu mnh dt hn s n-i v nay mnh chngc c v-sanh ri, (chng cn ti-sanh na), th l li -- tuy thnh-tht
-- nhng vn mang t nhiu s khoe-khoang mnh c-o.
Ngy nay, ta thy lm hnh-gi thiu chn-chnh ru-rao chng c o
ny qu kia, tng nn xem k li li p ca Na-Tin.
*
116.- Khi ti-sanh, dng thn c hay c thn mi?
Xin tr li tiu-mc s 037, Phn Phng-dch, cu-xt vn- va nu.
Vua hi Na-Tin:
- Ngi cht ri i theo hng cc ng thin v c, c phi ly thn-tm c
sanh ra li, hay l dng thn-tm mi?
chu nh-hng nng-n ca thn-tm c. Nu bo rng, chc g thc A-lida cn tn-ti khi cht i, th Thin-Nht chng kh-nng chng-minh
c s tn-ti ; nhng tr nng-cn ca mnh vn thy rng mt hnh-vi
c- xy ra, nh-hng ca n chng th no tiu-dit ht c. Du c
gi nh-hng l g, nghip-lc hoc Karma, hay Kamma, g g i na,
nh-hng y vn cn , tr khi c-duyn cha y- nn cha kp phtsanh, hay chng pht-sanh c m thi. Nu hnh-gi chuyn-tm lm vic
thin, th cc vic c u c c-hi ny sanh cho mnh, v cc iu thin
mnh lm cng c th thay-i c nh-hng ca cc hnh-vi sai-lm c.
Tuy cui tiu-mc s 037, Vua Di-Lan c li khen: Lnh thay! Lnh thay!
nh th, nhng Thin-Nht phng-on nh Vua cha hn hon-ton thamn, v tip theo ni tiu-mc s 043, nh Vua t li vn- mt ln na,
vi T-kheo Na-Tin:
- Con ngi cht ri, khi sanh li i sau, l ai vy?
- Danh v Thn sanh li i sau.
- Danh c v Thn c ca ngi y sanh li chng?
- Chng phi nh vy. Chng phi Danh c, cng chng phi Thn c gi
ly thn-tm ny i nay lm iu thin c cho n i sau, m sanh ra li
u.
- Nh khin dng thn-tm ny lm iu thin, iu c i ny, ri i sau
chng sanh li, th c ht sc lm iu thin, iu c cng c thot ht,
chng phi chu kh li na hay sao?
- Ni i ny lm u thin, th i sau chng sanh li na, lin c giithot. Cn ngi chng ngng lm iu thin, iu c th phi sanh li v
sau, cho nn chng c gii-thot.
c ti y, ta thy li gii-p ca Na-Tin cn vp phi hai ch chng
c r-rng: (1) chng ni r Danh l g? v Thn l g? (2) bo: chng
phi Danh, Thn c gi ly thn-tm ny, m sanh li i sau. V im
(1), mi n trang 35 Bn Phng-dch, ni tiu-mc s 045, ta mi thy
nh-ngha ca hai danh-t Danh v Thn. V im (2), cu tr li cn cha
trn-vn ca Na-Tin: ''chng phi thn-tm c sanh tr li'', khin Vua
Di-Lan vi rt ra mt h-lun (sai-lm): nu thn-tm c chng sanh li, th
c vic ht-sc lm cc iu c, ri cng c thot ht.
Sau khi k li t-m v trnh-by r-rng nh th, Na-Tin i n mt ktlun, rt sc-bn, ''Nh th, con ngi trin-chuyn, sanh-t, t sanh, chng
bao gi dt tuyt.''
*
120.- Ci ''gc sanh-t'' ca chng-sanh l g?
Li kt-lun trn y khin Vua Di-Lan a ra thm mt cu hi rt susc, lin-quan chng nhng ring n vic ti-sanh m cn n tn gc-r
ca vic sng-cht ca chng-sanh.
Vua hi (ni tiu-mc s 049, Phn Phng-dch):
- Ta (ch) mun hi Na-Tin, ci gc sanh-t ca con ngi l g?
Na-Tin p rt di (tiu-mc s 049-a, b v c), nu ln va ci ''gc
sanh-t'' ca con ngi, va gii-thch nguyn-nhn ca s ti-sanh v ca
s chng-c c v-sanh.
V ci gc sanh-t, Na-Tin ni:
- Cy-ci sanh ra, ly chi non lm gc; ng cc ly ht la lm gc; thinh, vn-vt u ly gc ca loi mnh m sanh ra. Con ngi th tng theo
su tnh-cm, n-i, lm gc.
Gii-thch thm v s khi-pht ca ci gc sanh-t ni con ngi, NaTin nhn mnh n vai-tr ca su cn: do su cn m c nguyn-nhn gy
ra ti-sanh, m cng do su cn m chm-dt c ti-sanh. Gii-thch nh
th no?
(a) t su cn n nguyn-nhn phi ti-sanh: Su cn (mt, tai, mi, li,
thn v tm-) tip-xc vi su trn (sc, thanh, hng, v, xc, php), v
su thc (t nhn-thc n -thc), phi-hip nhau sanh ra sng-kh (tnhcm), ri sng sanh ra ham-mun, n-i, lm nguyn-nhn cho s sanh
sanh ra; tng theo sanh m c gi, c bnh, c cht, ri li c s ti-sanh tip
theo chng dt... Li gii-thch ny, Na-Tin c ni on trc, theo
ng vi L Mi-hai Nhn-duyn, t Lc-nhp (cn, trn, thc) duyn Xc
(phi-hip li), Xc duyn Th (tnh-cm), Th duyn i (i-n), i duyn
Th v Th duyn Hu (s sng). Nh th, do c s phi-hip ca su cn
*
122.- Chng h c vic t-nhin m sanh ra .
Ni tiu-mc s 050, Phn Phng-dch, Vua hi:
- Th-gian c vt no t-nhin m sanh ra chng?
Cu tr li ca Na-Tin rt r-rng:
- Chng h c vt no t-nhin m t-sanh ra ly c; phi c nguyn-nhn
mi sanh ra.
Ri Na-Tin a ra nhiu th-d c-th, d thy, chng-minh: (1) ta in
cao phi do g, t v cng th xy nn; (2) gm do t st, c th nn
nung trong l ri mi thnh vt-dng c; (3) cy n phi c ngi khy
mi ra ting; (4) c hai khc g, cng cn phi c ngi c lu mi ra la;
(5) c king, c nh mt tri ri cng phi c ngi cm king ri nng, th
bi-nhi mi bt la...
Nhng cu tr li v cc th-d hm-cha mt s-tht m con ngi, v
m-tn, hoc thiu thng-minh, cn cha chu nhn-nhn: chng c s-vt g
ngu-nhin sanh ra c; phi c nguyn-nhn, th mi c hu-qu c.
Hy cho php Thin-Nht k mt th-d... vui-vui:
Thng b-con hi cha n:
- Ai sanh ra con?
- Cha-m sanh ra con.
- Ai sanh ra cha-m?
- ng b sanh ra cha-m.
- Ai sanh ra ng b?
- ng-c, b c sanh ra ng b.
- Ai sanh ra ng b c?
- ng s, b s, sanh ra ng b c.
- Ai sanh ra ng b s?
- ng b thy-t sanh ra.
- Ai sanh ra ng b thy-t?
- ng Bnh-t sanh ra.
- Ai sanh ra ng Bnh-t?
- Thng- sanh ra ng Bnh-t.
- Ai sanh ra Thng-?
-!!!
Chng th bit c ngun-gc cui-cng vo u c. Th cho nn, ch
bit: h ci ny c, th ci kia c; h ci ny dit, th ci kia dit. l Lut
Nhn-Qu ghi trong Pht-hc: h c Nhn th tt c Qu; chng h c Qu
m li chng c Nhn bao gi.
i vi cc tn-gio cung-tn, bo rng vn-vt ny do mt ng Thng ton-nng nm quyn thng-pht, sng-to nn, tng cn phi suygm li.
*
123.- Vn- ti-sanh Lun-hi: tin hay chng tin?
Vn- ti-sanh trong vng Lun-hi c sch ''T-kheo Na-Tin'' ny
bn rt di-dng, m Phn Tm hiu v Ngha do Thin-Nht vit li cng
thm rm-r; nhng Thin-Nht vn cn thy cn nn ni thm mt tiuon na, ring tng cc bn tr m nim tin ch t trn-vn vo Khoahc thc-nghim.
Nh c tha trc (ni tiu-mc s 111, Phn Tm hiu Ngha ), vic tisanh, nu tht-s c, phi xy ra vo ba giai-on: (1) khi cht th-gian
ny, (2) c s bin-i mt cnh-gii khc, (3) khi sanh tr li i ny;
trong ba giai-on y, con ngi ch bit chc c hai: giai-on (1) v giaion (3), cn thi-gian cnh-gii khc c s thay i th no th chng th
- B ang c li:
= chng ung-ph mt i v hin hng th-vui vt-cht;
Bt-li:
- A chng b bt-li no c.
- B ang v s b bt-li:
= hu-qu hin nay ca hnh-vi xu-c ginh danh-li;
= qu-bo, ko di nhiu i, ca cc hnh-ng xu;
= chng bao gi c c-hi c gii-thot vnh-vin.
Cn-phn li-hi quyt-nh thi- tin hay chng tin, ta thy r: cn cn
nghing hn v phi A: tin c ti-sanh.
Du c ti-sanh hay chng c, A cng vn c li: li v gii-c thanh-tnh
ca mnh trong hin-i, chng nhng trnh gy ra ti-c m cn em li s
knh-n ca ngi khc.
Cn v phn B, mi li khi chng c ti-sanh, l hng-th cc th vui vtcht, nhng ch trong mt i m thi, cha k v tranh ginh danh-li c
th gy ra ti-c v chu hnh-pht trong hin-i. Nhng khi c ti-sanh
tht-s th mi bt-li v-cng to-tt ca B, l phi chu qu-bo tri qua
nhiu i ni cc c-o; l cha ni n s khim-khuyt mi c-hi
c gii-thot khi thn-phn kh nhiu sng t ca chng-sanh c phi
trm-lun trin-min trong ci Lun-hi.
i vi cc bn tr chng chu tin vo vic ti-sanh, Thin-Nht xin mi xt
qua hai im ny: (1) l-l g khi tin c ti-sanh, chng qua ch thiu dp
hng-th ba-bi cc th-vui vt-cht; (2) cn mt-mt no ln hn na,
khi tht-s c ti-sanh, l b qua i c-duyn c gii-thot vnh-vin mi
Kh-s, hin-hu mi mi trong s t-do, t-ti hon-ton?
V vn- ny, Thin-Nht xin tha nt mt iu tm-s, trc khi chm
dt: Thin-Nht t xem mnh l mt Pht-t, gi c Pht l ng T-ph,
c l no mnh chng chu tin li ca ng Cha lnh, khi Ngi bo, chnh
Ngi nhn thy chng-sanh cht ni y, sanh li ni kia.
Lm con m chng chu tin Cha, th cn tin ai y?
*
125.- Kinh Thp-Thin k mi iu thin c-th hn.
Nm iu thin ghi trong sch ''T-kheo Na-Tin'', tuy y- nhng cn qu
tru-tng, cha cho thy r hnh-ng c-th no gy ra iu thin, thi-
no to nn vic c. C mt bn Kinh trong Hn-Tng, Kinh Thp Thinnghip-o, k r mi hnh-vi c-th trong i sng hng ngy to nn
thin-nghip, gip ngi tu-hnh c ti-sanh ln ci Tri. (Kinh ThpThin l bn Kinh s 600 trong i-Tng, do Ngi Hc-H [ Siksananda,
phin-m: Thc-Soa Nan-] dch t ch Phn ra Hn-vn). Mi iu
thin l: (1) chng st-sanh; (2) chng trm-cp; (3) chng t-hnh; (4)
chng ni di; (5) chng ni li hai chiu; (6) chng ni li th-c; (7)
chng ni li v-nghi; (8) chng tham-lam; (9) chng gin-d; v (10)
chng c t-kin.
Thin Nht xin ghi thm vo y mi iu thin ny b-tc cho li chdy ca T-kheo Na-Tin v cc iu thin v c.
*
126.- Phi lm iu thin t trc.
Gi y, xin ''nhy'' n tiu-mc s 062, nghe T-kheo Na-Tin tr li
cu hi sau y ca vua Di-Lan:
- Ngi mun lm iu thin, nn lm trc ngay, hay l sau ny mi
lm?
- Phi lm ngay t trc, n sau mi lm th chng ch-li chi.
Ri Na-Tin a ra ba th-d chng minh s cn-thit phi lm ngay trc
cc iu thin, chng chn-ch: (1) ang kht mi sai ngi o ging, lm
sao c nc ngay ung lin? (2) ang i mi i cy rung, lm sao c
cm n lin? (3) b k th xm-lng, ri mi lo tuyn binh, luyn tng,
sao kp chin-u na? V Na-Tin kt-lun: Ngi ngu b iu thin, lm
iu c, ri sau ny ngi khc than, c ch vo u. K no dt b iu
trung-chnh, theo iu bt-chnh, n lc sp cht, s hi-hn v sau.
*
2.- Yu-t th hai l Tinh-tn li c Na-Tin xp vo yu-t th ba. Tht ny chng quan-trng, khi c hai ct u c ni n s tinh-tn, n-lc tutp rt cn-thit, sau khi chn c php-mn thch-hp vi mnh, tutp hu sm c gic-ng.
3.- Yu-t th ba l H, s vui mng v thy php-mn mnh chn a n
cc kt-qu kh-quan. H gic-chi c Na-Tin gi l Kh gic-, xp vo
yu-t th t. Theo ngha trong ch Hn, H l mng; Kh l ''c th, va ,
ng thch'', th k ra cng gn ngha vi nhau.
4.- Yu-t th t l Khinh-an, s nh-nhng, sng-khoi ca thn-tm, trc
s tu-tp hng v gic-ng c kt-qu kh-quan. Khinh-an tng-ng
vi yu-t th nm gic-. Ch , ngha gc trong ch Hn-Vit l da
vo; y, c ngha l tm da vo ni sng-khoi v th-xc c vuiv m sm c c nh-lc. Nu chng qu ch-trng n t-ng, ta thy
nu dng ting khinh-an thay-th cho ting , th va nh-nhng li va
thanh-lch hn.
5.- Yu-t th nm l Nim, tc l chnh-nim lun lun nh ngh n
php-mn ang tu-tp. Yu-t quan-trng ny gip hnh-gi lun ch-tm
n vic tu-tp trong mi thi, li chng thy ni n trong By Gic-,
khin cho li Na-Tin gii-thch cn thiu-st.
6.- Yu-t th su l nh c ni n c hai bn By Gic- v Tht
Gic-chi. l nh-lc a tm-tr hnh-gi vo cc ci thin-nh,
pht-trin c Hu sm a n b gic-ng.
7. Yu-t sau cng l X gic-chi, tc l tm bnh-ng, bit bung-x,
chng dnh-mc, gp vic thun chng mn-thch, gp chuyn nghch chng
on-than. Na-Tin dng ch ''H'' vo trong H gic-, yu-t sau cng ca
By gic-, theo thin-kin, chng din-t c ht -ngha ca yu-t X.
Ti sao? V -nim X chnh l nh cao ca s gic-ng: ngi gic-ng
ri, tm an-nhin, t-ti, gii-thot khi mi rng-buc, iu c chng
vng-mc m ngay c iu thin cng chng m-p, th cn c iu chi
trong ci tm-trng rng-rang, vng-v m cn bo-v h-tr na?
*
134.- Bt Chnh-o l nhng g?
Ni tiu-mc s 030, Vua Di-Lan hi Na-Tin:
- Th no l tm loi o-hnh?
Ta hy sp xp cu tr li ca Na-Tin, song song vi cc yu-t ca con
ng tm ngnh Bt Chnh-o, c k r-rng v y- trong Kinh
Chuyn Php-Lun, l bn Kinh u-tin ca c Pht, sau khi Ngi thnh
o, ging ti vn Lc-Uyn cho nm anh em ng Kiu-Trn-Nh nghe.
Tm loi o-hnh Bt Chnh-o
1.- Trc-kin
2.- Trc-nim
3.- Trc-ng
4.- Trc-mng
5.- Trc-nghip
6.- Trc phng-tin
7.- Trc-
8.- Trc-nh 1.- Chnh tri-kin
2.- Chnh t-duy
3.- Chnh-ng
4.- Chnh-mng
5.- Chnh-nghip
6.- Chnh tinh-tn
7.- Chnh-nim
8.- Chnh-nh.
Nhn-xt u-tin l ch Chnh, ni ct hai, c ch Trc, ni ct mt,
thay-th. Y-ngha ca hai ch y gn tng-ng nhau: ''ngay-thng, chnchnh, ng-n'', cho nn chng c chi ng ni. V ni-dung ca mi
ngnh, ta nn xt tng mn: t chnh tri-kin cho n chnh-nh.
1.- Chnh-tri-kin, s thy-nghe, hay-bit, tht chn-chnh ng-n, c th
xem tng-ng vi Trc-kin ni ct mt.
2.- Chnh t-duy, s suy-ngh, phn-xt ng-n, th kh lng c xem
cng ngha vi ch trc-nim. Thng-thng, ng-t nim c ngha l lun
nh-ngh trong lng; nh th, trc-nim, ch c ngha l ''nh ngh thngthn'' chng din-t ht c cc kh-nng ng-n v bao-qut ca Trhu l suy-ngh v phn-on.
Hai mn: Chnh tri-kin v Chnh t-duy c xp vo mn th ba, Huhc, trong ba mn hc v-lu Gii, nh, Hu.
3.- Chnh-ng, Chnh-mng, Chnh-nghip c th c xem nh tngng vi Trc-ng, Trc-mng, Trc-nghip ni ct mt, nu ngha ca
ch Trc, ngoi ngay-thng ra, c mang thm -ngha ca s ng-n,
chn-chnh. Chnh-ng l li ni chn-chnh, chng th-c, chng mthc, cc -ngha ny c th c bao gm trong Trc-ng. Chnh-mng l
cch sanh-sng bng cc ngh-nghip chn-chnh, tht-th, chng gian-xo,
chng c-c, rt ph-hp vi ch trc-mng. Chnh-nghip l nhng hnhng ca thn, ming, v tm- u ng-n, chn-chnh, chng gy ra cnghip v v th ch Trc-nghip c th xem tng-ng vi ch Chnhnghip.
Ba mn: Chnh ng, Chnh-mng, Chnh-nghip c xp vo mn hc th
nht, Gii-hc, trong ba mn hc v-lu.
4.- Ni mc s (6), Chnh tinh-tn khc kh xa vi Trc phng-tin; v
Tinh-tn c ngha l n-lc gi-gn v lm tng-trng iu thin; cn
Phng-tin l nhng phng-php tin dng, dng thi-hnh hu t
c mc-tiu. Tuy nhin, c im tng-ng gia hai -nim: Tinh-tn v
Phng-tin, l cc n-lc c-gng t c mc-tiu, mc du mctiu c th khc nhau. V mc-tiu ca Tinh-tn c ni r: tng iu
thin; cn mc-tiu ca Trc phng-tin vn b ng. Du sao i na,
trong lm sch gio-l Pht-hc, nhiu v i-s chng ngi dng t-ng
Chnh phng-tin thay th cho danh-t Chnh Tinh-tn khi ging v Bt
Chnh-o.
Mn Chnh tinh-tn c th c em xp vo c hai mn Gii v nh, v
s n-lc c th thi-hnh trong vic gi-gn Gii-lut, hoc p-dng vo
vic tu-tp Thin-nh.
5.- Chnh-nim ni mc s (7) c xp ngang hng vi Trc-. ng l ra,
nn em ch Trc-nim mc s (2), ct mt, xung ngang vi Chnhnim th hay bit my; v ch Trc- chng th no thay-th cho ch Chnhnim c: Trc- ch l mt ngay-thng; trong khi Chnh-nim li l
ch-cht, qui-t ht cc -tng khc v mt trng-im ang c qunchiu. Bc u i vo nh-lc l phi c chnh-nim v gi chnh-nim
lun sng-t, ci iu m mt ngay-thng, trc-, d mnh n u cng
cha th lm c.
6.-Chnh-nh v Trc-nh chng chng-i nhau, v c hai u ni ln
nh-lc chn-chnh, tri hn vi t-nh ca bng-mn ngoi-o.
*
137.- Th no l Tr-Hu?
Ni tiu-mc s 035, Vua Di-Lan hi Na-Tin:
- Tr-hu l nh th no?
- Ti c ni trc ri (tiu-mc s 019), tr-hu c kh-nng ct t cc
nghi-ng, lm sng t cc vic thin...
Ri Na-Tin a ra thm hai th-d: (1) nh cm n vo nh ti, nh-sng
(tng-trng cho tr-hu) y li bng ti (tng-trng cho s ngu-m); (2)
nh cm dao bn (tng-trng cho tr-hu) cht cy (tng-trng cho cc
iu c). Trc y ni cui tiu-mc s 019, Na-Tin c v Tr-hu nh ci
li-hi ct cc b lu (tng-trng cho cc iu c). Qua ba th-d trn, NaTin mun ch r hiu-nng ca Tr-hu l ph b, dt tr s V-minh (ngum), s nghi-ng v tiu-dit c cc iu c.
n tiu-mc s 039, Vua Di-Lan hi v kh-nng hiu-bit ca Tr-hu,
nh sau:
- Ngi c tr-hu sng-sut c bit ht mun s-vt chng, hay c ch cn
cha hiu-bit kp?
Cu tr li ca Na-Tin phn-bit ra hai trng-hp:
- (1) vi ngi thng, h bit c iu cha hc v cha kp hiu; ng
thi cng bit c iu hc v hiu;
- (2) vi bc tr-gi, h thy r con ngi v vn-vt u phi qua i, qui v
KHNG, chng c t-ti. V lng ham mun vui-sng con ngi
gieo trng ngun-gc ca Kh; ngi tr bit nh th, v tng theo m
tin n Kh-Hu, bit r-rng s v-thng, s thnh-bi, cho nn Tr-hu
khc vi ngi thng.
Ta thy r: s khc-bit v Tr-hu gia hai hng ngi, chnh l s thuo v ni Kh, a n Kh-Hu, ci Tr-Hu sng-sut bit r ngun-gc
ca Kh v cch dit-tr dt-khot Kh. Nu s suy-on ca Thin-Nht
chng lm-ln th chnh l Tr-hu Bt-Nh Ba-la-mt (Sanskrit: Prajn
Paramitra; Pali: Pann Paramitta), ci Tr-hu ton-ho a n b gic-ng.
Na-Tin p, D nhin l c, v ni thm, cc Kinh Pht tht ht sc thmo v mi s-vic... u phi do Tr-hu on-nh ra.
Tip theo l tiu-mc s 095: Tinh-thn, Tr-hu v T-nhin, qu vn-tt,
chng thy Na-Tin ch cho thy r mi tng-quan gia ba iu . NaTin ch ct-ngha rt s-lc:
- Tinh-thn ch v s hiu-bit; tr-hu thng-hiu c o; cn T-nhin
l h-khng chng c ngi.
Tht ra, gia ba -nim: tinh-thn, tr-hu v t-nhin, c mt mi tngquan m ngi tr-gi cn nn xt qua, v ch-li ca s tu-tp. Theo li ca
Na-Tin, tinh-thn y ch v s hiu-bit, tc l Thc trong Duy-Thchc. Nh c s hiu-bit ng-n, chn-chnh m tr-hu pht-trin hng
v o. Cn v danh-t T-nhin, Na-Tin gii-thch l h-khng chng c
ngi, th Thin-Nht xin th-nhn chng hiu r c t-tng ca v Tkheo li-lc ny. Phi chng Na-Tin mun ni n Thin-nhin, hoc mch vo ch Php-gii dng trong Kinh-sch, tc l mun s-s vt-vt
trong v-tr. Nu l Php-gii, th theo Tr-hu ca bc tr-gi gicng, v-tr ny chnh l ci h-khng rng-rang, chng c Ng, chng c
ngi. Ti sao? V mun s-vt u mang hnh-tng hn-hp, chng c bt
c s-vt no t-nhin t mnh m sanh ra ly mt mnh c; nu phntch hnh-tng hn-hp ra cc thnh-t, th c g tn-ti na u, chng
qua ch cn li mt ci th Khng rng-rang, vng-v, bao-trm ln tt c
mun loi? Mt khi tinh-thn hiu-bit bn-th trng-rng v v-ng ca
v-tr, ca t-nhin, l nh th, th tr-hu s hng v o tm con ng
gii-thot ra khi mi rng-buc, trong s chp-th vo ci Ta, ci Ng l
nng-n nht.
My dng trn y l mt c-gng liu-lnh ca Thin Nht rng tm hiu
tiu-mc v Tinh-thn, Tr-hu v T-nhin qu gin-lc li v-cng bhim, knh mong ngi c nn d-dt v rng-lng tha cho ti ''bo gan.''
*
138.- Tr-hu vi Bn-nng, v vi Nghip-lc .
Ni cui tiu-mc s 019, Vua Di-Lan hi:
- Tru, nga, th-vt nui trong nh c tr hay chng c tr?
- Tru, nga, th-vt nh u c tr c, nhng tm chng ng.
3.- Pht-hc c rt nhiu php-mn, t nim Pht vng-sanh, gi gii u, tu-tp cc cp thin-nh, tr-ch theo mt-tng, v.v... c php-mn Btnh (Tr-hu) ch-trng dng cc kh-nng ca Tr-hu tu-tp hu sm c
o. Nhng vic i su vo cc chi-tit ca php-mn ny li nm ngoi
lnh-vc Tm hiu quyn ''T-kheo Na-Tin'', v th, Thin-Nht ch ni lt
qua; ngi c mun bit thm, xin chu phin tm c bn Kinh cn-bn
ca php-mn l bn Tm-Kinh Bt-nh Ba-la-mt, ch c vn-vn 260
ch m thi.
-----*----VI.- Vn-: Cc loi cm-th .
140.- Ba loi cm-th: lc-th, kh-th v x-th .
M u quyn Trung ca ''Kinh Na-Tin T-kheo'', tc-gi bn v cc loi
cm-th ni tiu-mc s 042, rt di. Nhn-xt s-khi l cuc vn-p gia
nh Vua Di-Lan v v T-kheo Na-Tin i qu su vo cc chi-tit nh,
hi vn-vt, khin cho ngi c kh lng nhn ra c i-cng v tm
quan-trng ca cc cm-th i vi vic tu-tp i n s gic-ng v giithot.
tm hiu tiu-mc rc-ri ny, trc ht xin tm-tt cuc vn-p v li
gii-thch ca Na-Tin v cc cm-th; sau s a ra cc nhn-xt v
tiu-mc :
A.- Tm-tt tiu-mc s 042, v cc cm-th:
1.- Vua Di-Lan t vn-: Con ngi cm thy vui, th thin hay bt thin?
Con ngi cm thy kh, th thin hay bt-thin?
2.- Na-Tin chng tr li ngay cu hi ny, m a ra mt th-d: tay tri
nm thanh st nung nng , tay phi nm hn bng lnh-but, c hai tay
u b phng c. Ri Na-Tin hi: ''C hai tay b nng hay b lnh?'' Khi
nghe vua Di-Lan p: ''Mt tay nng, mt tay lnh, cng b phng c'', th
Na-Tin li bo: ''C hai tay u nng!''
3.- Chng hiu c li p ca Na-Tin, Vua xin gii-thch thm. Na-Tin
chng gii-thch thm ''ti sao khi b phng, c hai tay u nng'' m li bo
rng, trong Kinh Pht c ni n vic v k ra ba mi su s-vic gy
nn cc loi cm-th vui, bun, v chng vui chng bun:
- Na-Tin chng p thng vo vn- do vua Di-Lan nu ra t u: ''cmth vui v bun l thin hay bt-thin?''
- Th-d ''b phng tay'' ca Na-Tin chng thy c mi lin-quan no ln
vi cm-th. B phng tay l mt cm-gic. Cn khi b phng tay th lng
bun, kh, mi l mt cm-th. Cm-gic khc cm-th: cm-gic l
mc- cm-xc ca c-th trc mt s-kin kch-thch t bn ngoi.
Cm-th l mt tnh-cm do mt cm-gic gy ra trong lng. Mt ng,
cm-gic xy trn thn; mt ng, cm-th din ra trong tm. Nh th, mt
tay b nng m phng, mt tay b but m phng, th ch l hai cm-gic
thi, c n nhm chi n cm-th. Nu c ni thm rng khi b phng, b rt
da, th au, nn bun lng, by gi s bun lng mi l mt cm-th
thc-s. Do , ta c th kt-lun rng, th-d b phng tay chng lin-quan
chi nhiu n cm-th, ngoi ci cm-gic b au rt ngoi da.
2.- n vic k ra ba mi su cm-th, ta cng chng thy T-kheo Na-Tin
ni c cm-th no thin, cm-tho no bt-thin tr li cu hi ca vua
Di-Lan t ra lc khi u. Tht ra, cn-c theo bn dch ca N.K.G.
Mendis quyn The Questions of King Milinda, Lun-tng c k 36 ththc ca cc cm-th, nh sau:
- su loi lc-th c lin-quan n i th-tc;
- su loi lc-th c lin-quan vi s xut-th;
- su loi kh-th c lin-quan n i th-tc;
- su loi kh-th c lin-quan vi s xut-th;
- su loi x-th c lin-quan n i th-tc;
- su loi x-th c lin-quan vi s xut-th;
Ba mi su loi cm-th ny tri qua ba thi: qu-kh, hin-ti v v-li,
nhn ln thnh mt trm l tm loi cm-th. Trong 108 loi ny, loi no l
thin, loi no l bt-thin; ta cng chng thy Mendis nu ra tr li cu
hi ca vua Di-Lan.
Nhng vi mt cht l-lun, ta c th trng thy r c loi no thin, loi
no bt-thin. Nhng cm-th kh v lc no c lin-quan n i th-tc,
vng phi s chp-th th l bt-thin. Cn nhng cm-th kh v lc c
lin-quan n s t-b ca vic xut-th, v tt c x-th th l thin. Ti
sao vy? Nh bit qua khi xt v L Mi hai Nhn-Duyn, v c Lcnhp (= su gic-quan) nn c Xc, v c Xc, nn c Th, v c Th nn c
Ai, v c Ai nn c Th, tc l s chp-th; v v c chp-th nn mi b licun mi tri ln trong vng Lun-hi, chng phi l bt-thin hay sao?
3.- Nu c cho php, Thin Nht xin liu-lnh rng vit li ci tiu-mc s
042 cho ngn gn m -ngha cng tm kh y-, nh vy:
Vua Di-Lan hi Na-Tin:
- Con ngi khi cm thy vui hay bun, th thin hay bt-thin?
Na-Tin p:
- C ba loi cm-th: lc-th, kh-th v x-th. Lc-th v kh-th no c
lin-quan n i th-tc, vng phi s chp-th th tr nn bt-thin. Cc
x-th cng cc cm-th lc v kh
no c lin-quan n s t-khc, ri b cc rng-buc ca i th-tc, v
chng chp-th, th tr nn thin.
Vua hi tip:
- Th no l lc-th, l kh-th, l x-th?
- Lc-th l cm-th vui; kh-th l cm-th bun, v x-th l cm-th
chng vui m cng chng bun.
Vua li hi:
- Cm-th vi cm-gic khc nhau ra lm sao?
- Khi cc gic-quan tip-xc vi cnh bn ngoi, c phn- ng trn thn-th,
l cm-gic. Cm-gic c th l au, l sng, hoc chng sng chng
au. Khi cm-gic c truyn vo tm, c s cm-nhn tm, l cmth. Cm-th vui (lc-th) khi tm thoi-mi v thn cm thy sng; cmth bun (kh-th) khi thn kh chu v tm bt-rt. Cm-gic chng au,
chng sng thng a n trong tm mt cm- nhn trung-ho, nn
thng gi l x-th. Nhng ch x trong Pht-hc li c ngha rng hn:
gp vic nh , chng vui thch qu; gp vic chng va , chng on-ght
qu, l tm x, tm qun-bnh, thn-nhin, chng qu xc-ng. Trong s
tu- hnh, gi c tm an-nhin, x-b mun s-vic m bit chng c-chp
iu g c th tm sm c gii-thot...
ngi do phin-no gy ra; k chung l: tham, sn, si, mn, nghi v c-kin.
(Mn l kiu-cng, phch-li; c-kin l cc t-kin: thng-kin, on-kin,
ng-kin, thn-kin). Tr-hu c gii-thot khi cc s-tri-chng, tc l
cc tr ngi do cc kin-thc sai-lm gy nn v qu m-cht.
Ngi c o li cn t c cc qu-v na. Nam-Tng c bn qu-v:
(1) Tu--hun, (2) T--hm, (3) A-na-hm, v (4) A-la-hn. Bc-Tng
c cc cp B-tt: (1) Thp tn, Thp tr, Thp hnh, Thp hi-hng, Thp
i, (2) ng-gic, (3) Diu-gic. Qu-v cao nht l qu-v V-thng
Chnh-ng Chnh-gic, tc l qu-v Pht.
V y l c-im quan-trng nht ca bc c o l mnh t bit
mnh c gii-thot, c sng t-ti, nhng chng bao gi ph-trng
rng mnh c c o ny hay Qu kia.
*
144.- Bc c o c nhng kh-nng no?
i vi thng-nhn, bc c o chc phi c nhiu kh-nng hn ngi
cha tu-hnh, v mun bit v y c cc ''ti php'' g m h cn cha c
c. V l , ni tiu-mc s 086, Vua Di-Lan mi hi Na-Tin:
- Sa-mn cc khanh bo, bc c A-la-hn c th bay ln ci Tri i-Phm
trong thi-gian mt ngi co-dui cnh tay thi, Ta chng th tin li y
c, ti sao vt qua bao nhiu ngn mun c dm nh th m n c
nhanh-chng vy?
Na-Tin chng tr li thng, m mi Vua th ngh n thnh-ph A-l-tn,
cch y hn tm vn dm. Vua lin ngh trong u n thnh-ph y. Khi
Vua ngh xong, Na-Tin bo:
- i-Vng i qua tm vn dm ri tr v y, sao m nhanh th?
Khen li gii-thch ny ca Na-Tin, Vua ni: ''Lnh thay!'' Nh th, ci
kh-nng bay i xa v nhanh ca bc c o, theo Na-Tin, ch l s
nhanh-chng ca t-tng c th vt qua khng-gian ch mt khonh-khc
ca ci co-dui cnh tay. Phi chng ''thn-thng'' bit bay trong khng-gian
ch thc-hin c bng t-tng m thi? Nghi-vn ny c Na-Tin ''ph
b'' ni tiu-mc s 091, khi vua hi:
tm, cn tm thn ny sng an-nhin v t-ti; (2) V-d Nit-bn, cnhgii an-tch ca hnh-gi c A-la-hn, sau khi trt b tm thn th-xc
dt ht nghip-bo. Ch ''d,'' trong Hu-d, l d-y, l cc nghip-bo cn
st li; v-d l v-d-y l dt sch ht cc nghip-bo.
Gi y xin quay li vi tiu-mc s 074, Phn Phng-dch: C Nit-bn
chng? Vua Di-Lan hi Na-Tin:
- Ngh cho k, c Nit-bn chng?
- Xt cho k th c Nit-bn.
- Na-Tin c th ch cho Ta thy c Pht ti x-s no ni Nit-bn
chng?
- Chng th ch cho thy c... V nh c ngi t la to ln, ri dp tt...
th ta u th ch r nh la sng hin ch no c.
Li i-p ny cho thy r: Nit-bn chng phi l ni chn, c th ch
bng tay cho mt thy c. (iu nhn-xt ny c mt on trc.)
Tr li tiu-mc s 046 v Thi-gian, Na-Tin c ni:
- i vi bc c N-hon (Nit-bn) th chng c thi-gian di lu; i
vi k cha c o cn phi sng i cht li th c thi-gian lu di...
y l c-tnh thng-hng ca Nit-bn, mt -nim siu-th c tnhcch phi-thi-gian-tnh: Nit-bn , cn , mi-mi nh vy l nh vy.
c-tnh phi thi-gian-tnh ca Nit-bn rt gn vi -ngha ca ''o Nitbn l vt qua, chng tr li'' c ni ti tiu-mc s 065, Phn Phngdch:
Vua hi Na-Tin:
- o Nit-bn l vt qua i m chng cn c ch no tr li na chng?
- o Nit-bn chng cn ch no l c tr li na. Ngi ngu-m c mi lo
cho tm thn trong ngoi, thch c ngi m; cho nn chng th c thot khi sanh, gi, bnh, cht. Ngi hin-tr hc o, trong ngoi thn
chng vng-mc: chng n-i, chng ham-mun nn chng c bo-thai;
chng c bo-thai th chng sanh, gi, bnh, cht; h chng sanh, gi, bnh,
cht th chng su lo, ni-tm chng au-n, tc lin c o Nit-bn.
Nh Vua li t-m hi, ni tiu-mc s 066:
- Cc ngi hc o tt c c Nit-bn ht c chng?
- Chng c c Nit-bn ht tt c. Cc bc hc o chn-chnh, hng
v iu thin, nim iu thin, phng-hnh iu thin, ch chng ng nim,
chng ng phng-hnh th ln li xa, dt b; ngi nh th th c Nitbn.
V ni tiu-mc tip theo, s 067, Vua cng t-m hi thm Na-Tin v
ngi cha c Nit-bn:
- Ngi cha c c Nit-bn, c th bit Nit-bn l iu sng-khoi
chng?
- D nhin, ngi tuy cha c c Nit-bn cng bit Nit-bn l sngkhoi.
V l-do no, cha chng thy m li bit chc? Ti v, theo li Na-Tin,
thy ngi i trc c Nit-bn c sung-sng, k i sau bit chc Nitbn l an-vui. V Na-Tin a ra mt th-d tng-t rt xc-ng: cng
nh thy k b ct chn tay ang la-khc, th ta bit ngay rng, h b cht tay
chn l c au-kh, mc du thn-th ca mnh vn cn lnh-ln. Vy, tuy
t mnh cha chng thy, cha c c kinh- nghim bn-thn, nhng thy
k khc ang vui hng an-lc trong cnh-gii Nit-bn, th mnh cng bit
chc Nit-bn l sng-khoi.
*
147.- Sng n bao gi mi ''nhp Nit-bn''?
Ngoi -kin sai-lm cho rng Nit-bn l mt ni chn ra, thng-nhn li
cn lm-tng ''c Nit-bn'' hoc ''nhp Nit-bn'' l cht i; h cn cha
hiu c Nit-bn ti y v ngay by gi. Nh bit, Pht-hc phnbit Hu-d Nit-bn vi V-d Nit-bn ch l ngi cn sanh-hot ti
th-gian, vn c c Nit-bn, mt khi c gii-thot khi mi phinno rng-buc, sng cuc i an-nhin t-ti. C l, v thng thy khi mt
v cao-tng no qua i, ngi ta bo v y vin-tch, nhp-dit, i
Vua Di-Lan c hai thc-mc: (1) ngi ang sng c o c cn phi chu
kh na khng?; (2) c o ri m thn vn cn kh, sao chng la thn
i; nu gi thn sng thm, ha ra c-o chng v-ch lm hay sao?
V thc-mc th nht, Na-Tin gii-p: ngi c o cn sng th thn
cn kh m tm dt ht cc phin-no ri nn ht kh.
gii-ta mi thc-mc th hai v vic ''tm ci cht cho ht kh'', Na-Tin
a ra mt th-d rt hay: ''tri cy cha chn, cha vi hi, nn i lc tri
chn mui.''
V Na-Tin nhc li li ni v cng qu-bu ca Ngi X-li-pht: ''Ti
chng cu cht, ti cng chng cu sng, ti ch ch ng thi ra i th ra
i.''
Nhn-xt:
1.- Ngi c o ang sng th thn vn cn cm-xc nn phi chu cnh
kh ca gi v bnh; nhng v phn tinh-thn, tm- thot khi cc phinno, chng-ngi, nn c an-nhin, t-ti. y l dp khin ta nn suygm n hai ch au-kh trong ting Vit. au khc, Kh khc. au l thn
au; cn Kh l tm kh; nh khi c ci rng au, ming th nhc-nhi, sao
ta li cn chng thm ni kh ln cho tm, khin lng phi bun-bc,
bt-rt? au rng vn cn cha hay sao, m li sanh thm bc-tc, cauc gy Kh cho lng mnh v cho c cc ngi chung quanh?
2.- Th phn-tch v tm hiu thm v cu ni qu-bu ca Ngi X-li-pht:
a.- Ti chng cu cht: Ti sao? V tm thn hin nay cn y ch l tm
thn d-y; s d cn sng l tr nt cc d-nghip cn st li. Hn na,
cu cht l thi- trn trnh n i; khi nghip-lc vn cn m cu ly ci
cht, th theo vng Lun-hi phi ti-sanh li, ri li phi chu Kh didi. Li na, mng-sng con ngi l iu v-cng qu-gi, nh n m ta
mi c c-duyn bit n, v tu-tp theo, con ng gii-thot vnh-vin.
b.- Ti cng chng cu sng: Ti sao? Khi sanh ra, no phi t ti cu cho
ti c sanh ra u, vng Lun-hi c xoay chuyn mi theo nghip-lc c
m ti-sanh. Trong cuc sng hin-ti cn li y, mi s ham-mun u
chm dt ni tm ti, cn c iu chi na khin ti c i ham sng
hng? Tm ti an-nhin xem c hai s sng v s cht u ngang nhau;
sng gi, thc v, no c chi m ngi, m cu ch?
Th th, trong 13 tiu-mc va nu trn, -ngha chnh-yu ca cuc mlun gia vua Di-Lan v T-kheo Na-Tin l g? Khi gii-p cc thc-mc
ca nh Vua, v T-kheo t trng-tm vo vic chng minh rng, ni thntm con ngi chng h c mt cht g, vt-cht hay tinh-thn, m thnghng v t-lp, chng thay-i trong thi-gian con ngi cn sanh-hot.
Mun chng-minh iu y, Na-Tin phn-tch thn-tm con ngi ra cc
b-phn, v ch cho thy r: (1) chng c yu-t no lm ch c; (2) cc
hot-ng ca con ngi u do s phi-hip gia cc yu-t vt-cht v
tm-linh, chng thy c ai hoc ci g ng ra lm ch-cht ta c th gi
ai hoc ci g l mt con ngi ang c cc hnh-ng y.
Kt-lun tt-nhin ca lp-lun chng-minh ny phi l s V-ng, chng c
''ci Ta'' ca con ngi, mc du thuyt v-ng ny chng c T-kheo NaTin minh-th ni r thm ra trong sch.
*
150.- Th-gian chng c ''ngi''.
Bt u bng cu hi ca Vua Di-Lan, ni tiu-mc s 051:
- Ngi th-gian l c ''ngi'' hay l chng c ''ngi''?
Cu tr li ca Na-Tin rt l qu-quyt, ph-nhn hon-ton:
- Xt ngh cho k, th-gian chng th no c ''ngi'', th gi ''ai'' hay ''ci g''
l ''ngi'' cho thch-hp c.
Cu tr li ph-nh ca v T-kheo chng gii-ta c thc-mc ca nh
Vua, nn Vua hi tip:
- Mng sng trong thn l ''ngi'' chng?
C l, nh Vua nhn thy cc sanh-vt chung quanh y, s d khc vi cc
vt v-tri nh si, , l ch c ''ci g '' bn trong cc sanh-vt y
lm cho chng hot-ng c, ch chng nh cc thi-th nm cht btng. ''Ci g '' thc-y hnh-ng ca sanh-vt, nn nh Vua mi gi
l mng sng, v ni loi ngi, mng sng y nm trong thn ngi. V
th, nh Vua mi ngh ra v hi Na-Tin: ''Mng-sng trong thn l
ngi ch g?
hnh-ng; '' cng nhau m thnh'' tc l ci tm-trng chung ca cc trigic phi-hip li cng nhau m thnh ra hnh-ng''.
d.- ''t chng h c mt v ch thng-hng no c'': y chnh l kt-lun
tt-nhin phi i n: chng h c mt ''ai'' hoc mt ''ci g'' chng b bini, cn hoi (=thng-hng) ng ra lm ''ch'' iu-khin mi vic,
t cm-gic cc gic-quan, qua s phi-hp thnh tm-trng chung, cho
n khi sanh ra hnh-ng. Ni mi giai-on tm-sanh-l ny, ch thy cc
yu-t t bn ngoi (cm-gic) v cc yu-t bn trong (tri-gic, tm-trng)
hot-ng phi-hp nhau m thi.
chng c ''ai'' lm v ch thng-hng ni thn-tm ny, th gi thn-tm
ny l v-ch, l v-ng, chng ng hay sao?
Sau y l phn nhn-xt v tiu-mc s 051, v: ''Ci g'' l ''Ngi''?:
1) bc-b cu ni ca vua Di-Lan: Mng sng trong thn l con ''ngi'',
Na-Tin dng su gi-thit: nu mng sng mt, tai, mi, ming,
thn v thc, chng-minh rng mi mt trong su cn , mngsng chng hon-ton lm ch c, hoc ch thy mt, hoc ch nghe
tai, m chng th dng mt nghe, ngi, nm,.. v nh th, ng l ra
Na-Tin phi nn i n kt-lun l ''mng-sng nu nm mt trong cc
cn th u th no l mt ''con ngi'' cho y- trn-vn c'', nhng rt
tic l Na-Tin li ch trch nh Vua rng: ''Li ni ca i-Vng trc sau
chng tng-ng nhau'' m thi, khin cho ngi nghe, b chm ngp trong
su gi-thit qu di-dng, chng thy ra c ci kt-lun tt-nhin va k
.
2) Na-Tin li a ra ba th-d: (1) Ngi trong ta in ny, nu ph rng
cc ca, vch ra, mt c th nhn thy xa c; nhng nu m bt mt ln
ra, vnh tai rng thm ra, nghnh mi to ra, l li di ra, banh da cho rng
ra, khai cho bao-qut ra, th cng chng th no thy, nghe, ngi, nm, s,
ngh, c thm ra cht no. Khi k xong th-d ny, ng l Na-Tin i n
kt-lun, nu ''mng sng'' cc cn, th sao con ''ngi'' c ''mng sng''
vn cn b gii-hn khi cc cn c m rng?; ng ny Na-Tin ch bit
trch nh Vua ''li ni ca i-Vng trc sau chng tng-ng nhau'' m
thi.- (2) Nhn thy ngi gi kho vua ng trc mt, ri khi anh ta quay
i, nh Vua cng bit r lc anh cn trc mt, lc anh i khi. K xong thd ny, Na-Tin chng thy c kt-lun no v th-d (v ln ny chng
thy trch Vua hai li ni chng c tng-ng). ng ra, th-d ny cho
b Tri khc! nn ma to. K m-tn, ghin truyn Tu bo: Bc-hi Longvng (vua Rng) ang huy-ng Vn-ng (thn my), in-mu (b smst) v Thy-thn (thn nc) ha ra mt trn ma to! Mt hin-tng thitit, c gi, c sm-st, c my ma, ngy nay khoa-hc gii-thch: kh tri
nng, hi nng bc ln gp kh lnh thnh gi chuyn, hi nc gp nng
bc ln khng, gp kh lnh ri xung thnh ma. No c u ng Tri vi
b Tri nh nhau, no c thy bng-dng ca ch Vn-ng, b in-mu,
Thy-thn vi Ngi Long-vng?
c.- Hai th-d cho thy: (a) a-ht tm-sanh-l, ch c s phi-hp gia
cc yu-t bn ngoi v bn trong, sanh ra tm-trng, ri trin-chuyn a
n hnh-ng, ch no c mt ''con ngi'' n-np trong thn-tm nm-un
ny ch-xng ra hnh-ng. - (b) a-ht thi-tit, ch c s chnhlch gia p-sut khng-kh mi gy nn gi, ma, bo-t, ch no c vaitr no ca thn-thnh.
4) Mt im quan-trng trong gio-l nh Pht l L Duyn-sanh theo ,
bt c mt s-vic no xy ra cng phi c nguyn-nhn: ''ci ny c, nn
ci kia c; ci ny dit, nn ci kia dit''. V chng thu-trit c mi linh cht-ch gia nguyn-nhn v hu-qu cho r rng, nn ta thng c
nhng li gii-thch cc hin-tng mt cch sai-lc, ri xa s-tht. Mt
trong nhng -kin sai-lc ny l ng-kin, cho rng trong thn-tm ny c
n-tng mt ''con ngi'', mt ci ''Ta'', mt ci ''Ng'', ng lm ch mi
hnh-ng, ri li chnh ci ''Ng'' y li c i u-thai tip-tc cuc
sng mi mi m hng-th. S sai-lm ca ng-kin l chng xt trong
thn-tm ny, mi hnh-ng, t vt-cht n tinh-thn, cng u c
nguyn-nhn c, hoc do yu-t vt-cht, hoc do yu-t tm-linh, ch tht
chng h do mt ngi no trong thn-tm ny ch-xng. Ni ln s
vng-bng ca ''con ngi'' trong thn-tm ny, chnh l l-thuyt v-ng.
Bao gi ngi hc Pht b i c s chp-th vo ci ng, cng nh ngi
tr-thc b c li gii-thch sai-lm ca k ngu nh ''khi tri ma, cho
l ng Tri nh b Tri'', th by gi mi thy c, r-rng v thnhthang, con ng gic-ng v gii-thot do o Pht ch-trng.
*
- Th no l hip?
Cu hi ca nh Vua v li gii-p ca Na-Tin u qui v s phi-hip
ca nhn-thc vi -thc ni tm, sanh ra cm-th: sng hay kh. Tiumc s 053, trang 48 ny tip-tc khai-trin -chnh ca vn-: ''Con ngi
v thuyt V-ng''; tip-tc v khai-trin im: cc cm-th sng hay kh
l do s phi-hip ca nhn-thc (hoc cc thc khc) ni -thc tm, ch
chng c mt ''ngi'' no trong thn-tm ny gy ra v gnh chu ly
cm-th c.
Li p ca Na-Tin tip theo gii-thch, bng hai th-d, th no l hip.
iu ng tic l Na-Tin chng nhn c-hi ny khai-trin thm thuyt
v-ng, thm mt ln na, ngi hc Pht thy cho tng-tn, cm-th
ch l cm-th (tc l mt yu-t tm-l ca thn-tm), ch cm-th chng
phi l ''ngi'' ang c cm-th .
Na-Tin a ra hai th-d v s phi-hip (ging vi Xc trong L 12 NhnDuyn): (1) hai bn tay nm nhau li, mt v cho mt, mt th cho hnh-sc,
hip nhau li thnh phi; (2) hai hn hip nhau; mt hn lm tm, mt
hn lm -ch, c hai hip nhau thnh phi.
K , Vua li hi Na-Tin, ni tiu-mc s 054:
- Sng c my loi?
Na-Tin chng tr li c my loi vui-sng, ch gii-thch th no v khi
no, th sng. Theo Na-Tin, vui-sng l t-mnh gic-tri, tc l t mnh
bit mnh... sng.
Ri Na-Tin k ra hai th-d v khi no sng: (1) k hin-lnh, tn-tm
phc-v Vua, c Vua ban thng tin-bc. K y em tin ra tiu-ph, tngh ta phng-s Vua, c Vua thng tin, nn ta vui sng; (2) ngi
lm iu thin, ni li thin, tm-nim thin c sanh ln ci Tri, hng
mi lc-th, t ngh mnh nay sung-sng l nh khi cn trn-gian lc no
cng tun theo iu thin.
n Tiu-mc s 055, Vua hi tip:
- Gic l nh th no?
*
154.- Vai-tr ca cc gic-quan .
Nhc li: qua cc tiu-mc t s 051 n s 059 v 060 sp tm hiu y,
Vua Di-Lan v Na-tin bn v cc gic-quan v tm, lm khi ln tri-gic,
sng-kh v a n hnh-ng. Chnh cc cm-gic ti gic-quan ngoi,
cc tri-gic, sng-kh trong tm, ch-ng khin cho c-th c s
nhn-bit a n hnh-ng bn ngoi; tuyt-nhin chng c mt ''ai'',
hoc mt ''ci g'' ng ra nhn-bit hay hnh-ng c: l thuyt vng, cho rng bn trong thn-tm ny, chng c ci ''Ta'', ci ''Ng'' ch-ng
no c. Tip theo y l hai on vn trong quyn ''T-kheo Na-Tin'' xt v
vai-tr v nh-hng ca cc gic-quan n thn-tm ny.
Ni tiu-mc s 059, nhan- V ca mui, c mt on ni v vai-tr ca
mt. Vua Di-Lan hi Na-Tin:
- Ngi dng mt nhn mui c th ring bit v ca mui chng?
- i-Vng c th bit c mh th khng?... Mt chng th no bit
c v ca mui ...
y l mt iu thng-thc ht sc s-ng m ai ai cng bit: vai-tr
ring-bit ca mi gic quan. Mt ch nhn, tai ch nghe, mi ch
ngi, li ch nm, thn xc-chm ...
Nhng cu hi ca nh Vua u phi ch hi v iu s-ng , m l: mt
nhn thy mui, c bit mui mn khng? Tc l, c phi l do nh mt nhn
thy c mui, ri lin bit c ngay v mn ca mui khng? Chc-chn
l mt chng bit c v; nhng khi mt nhn thy mui, th ti sao ta li c
th bit ngay l mui mn? Cu tr li l: mt ch thy mui, cn tm th
bit v ca mui l mn. Nh th, t mt va thy, n tm bit v ca mui,
c nhng g xy ra, hay l c ''ai'' hoc ''ci g''xen vo lm cho bit
c v? Ngi hiu bit i cht v Tm-l-hc s tr li d-dng: Mt ch
c nhim-v l nhn thy; cn ni Tm c -thc phi-hp cm-gic mt
cng vi k-c (= nh li, v trc kia c ln nm mui ri, nn nay bit
n mn) m to nn tri-gic: bit mui mn. Qu-trnh tm-l ny, Pht-hc
din-t li di hnh-thc sau y: Mt (nhn-cn) nhn i-tng mui bn
ngoi, khi ln cm-gic thy mui, cm-gic ny truyn vo tm, gp thc (ang nhn-bit rng mt ang thy mui), phi-hp vi hi-nim (=
*
157.- Nn c thi- no i vi thn-tm ny?
Nh xt qua cc tiu-mc va k trong Vn- IX ny: Con ngi v
thuyt V-ng, thn-tm ny l v-ng, chng c ch, th i vi n, ta
nn c thi- nh th no. l -chnh ca tiu-mc s 075, phn Phngdch. Tiu-mc ny cch xa cc tiu-mc va cu-xt, nhng -chnh li
lin-quan n vn- m ta ang tm hiu.
Vua hi Na-Tin:
- Sa-mn c mn-thng thn-th ca mnh chng?
- Sa-mn chng t thng-mn thn mnh.
- Sa-mn chng mn-thng thn mnh, c sao khi ngh-ngi li mun
nm ni m-, khi n ung li mun vt ngon ca p, t sn-sc mnh nh
th?
Cu hi ny ca Vua, tuy xc-ng, nhng c hi ''ma-mai'' mt cht, cho
nn li p ca Na-Tin cng kh ''d-dm'' i li. Na-Tin hi ngc li
nh Vua: Khi nh Vua ra trn b thng th lm sao? Vua p, th bng-b
vt thng li. Na-Tin hi tip:
- i-Vng v mn-thng vt thng m dng thuc, dng cao v bng
gn bng-b vt thng chng?
- Ta ch mong-mun vt thng mau lnh, ch u c mn-thng n.
- Sa-mn cng li nh vy, chng mn-thng thn mnh; tuy n ung, tm
chng vui-khoi... m ch mun cho thn-th kho-mnh c th phnghnh gii-lut, kinh-k ca Pht...
Ri nhn , Na-Tin trch-dn mt on Kinh: ''Thn ngi c chn l
hng, ta nh chn vt m ca mu-thng; t ni chn l chy ra cht
d hi-thi...''
Ta bit, thn-tm ny l v-thng, s c ngy tan-r, nhng n rt qubu v nh n m ta mi c th hc o gii-thot. Do , thi- ng-n
i vi thn-tm v-ng ny l phi gi-gn n cho c kho-mnh m
c ti na, ta ly lm l, ti sao Na-Tin (v tc-gi quyn ''Na-Tin Tkheo Kinh'' ny) b lng ci dng- trn y m li quay sang ni n
kh-nng siu-vit ca c Pht: ''...ni ch lm, Ngi lm c vic tht
kh; ni ch bit, ngi bit rt thm-diu...'' khin cho mch-lc on vn
ny tr nn lng-lo v... lng-cng! y ta th c tip theo ngay , th s
thy r ch thiu mch-lc:
Na-Tin lin ni:
- c Pht ti ch lm, Ngi lm c vic tht kh; ni ch bit, Ngi
bit rt thm-diu.
- Ch lm vic tht kh, ch bit rt thm-diu, -ngha nh th no?
- c Pht ni: Ngi c th bit c cc b-phn trong ngi, gii-thch
c nhng g mt thy, tai nghe, mi ngi, ming nm, thn s-chm, ct
ngha cc iu thnh-bi, cc vic nghi-ng, ging r cc t-tng, -nim,
cc vn- tm-linh.
K , Na-Tin li a mt th d v ngm nc bin, nh sau:
- Nh c ngi ngm mt ngm nc bin mn, c th no phn-bit ra
c phn nc no l nc t sui chy n, phn nc no t sng chy
n chng?
- Nc ha chung li thnh mt, lm sao bit ring c.
- Ch Pht lm mt vic tht kh, l phn-bit bit r hng-v ca mi
th nc, nh nc bin m nay i-Vng cn cha phn-bit c, nh
thn-tr con ngi vn cha thy c trong thn c su s-vic chng th
thy...
Sau th d ngm nc bin , Na-Tin mi i mt kt-lun:
- Bi th cho nn, c Pht gii-thch, tng theo tm-nim m n vi
mt mi thy vt, tng theo tm-nim m n vi tai mi nghe ting, tng
theo tm-nim m n vi mi mi ngi mi, tng theo tm-nim n vi
ming mi nm v, tng theo tm-nim n vi thn mi bit sng kh,
nng lnh, th cng, tng theo tm-nim n vi mi bit ch qui-hng.
Pht tt bit ht c, phn-bit gii-thch r-rng ht c.
ri, th ti sao Na-Tin li di-dng trong th-d v ngm nc bin v nhtthit-tr ca Th-tn?
Theo ngu-, Thin Nht thy chng phi Na-Tin lm mt thi-gi ca
nh Vua cht no u. Khi nu ln th-d , Na-Tin mun ch cho nh
Vua thy rng, ch c s phn-tch ht sc t-m bng nht-thit-tr ca Thtn mi a n s ''phn-bit gii thch r-rng ht tt c''. Nu chng chu
kh phn-tch thn-tm t-m nh th, th lm sao c c mt li gii-thch
r-rng v chnh-xc? V khi phn-tch t-m thn-tm ny, ta ch thy c
nhiu yu-t, hoc vt-l nh s-vt i-tng bn ngoi, hoc sanh-l nh
cc gic-quan, hoc tm-l nh cc tm-s, tm-nim, cng phi-hp nhau,
tc-ng ln ln nhau, m thnh cc s thy, nghe, hiu, bit, hnh-ng ca
con ngi, ch chng h c mt yu-t no ng lm ''con ngi''' vo nm
trong thn-tm y ring t mnh m ng vai-tr hon-ton ch-ng
c c. chng phi l-do chng-t rng con ngi l v-ng hay sao?
Xin nhc li: ngay khi va tip-kin Na-Tin v phi-on T-kheo n
hong-cung, Vua Di-Lan c hi: ''Ai l Na-Tin? ... u, ... mt, tai, mi,
ming l Na-Tin chng?'' (tiu-mc s 013, trang 11). V Na-Tin p:
''Chng phi''. n cu hi cui-cng ny, (tiu-mc s 096, trang 76), Vua
cng hi li: ''... mt, tai, mi... ci chi lm ta c c con ngi?'' Phi
chng, c hai cu hi, cu hi u-tin v cu hi cui cng ca nh Vua u
qui v chung mt vn- duy-nht, m nh Vua thc-mc hn ht: ''Con
ngi l ai?'' V hai li gii-p ca T-kheo Na-Tin, vo hai lc trc v
sau, cng u c nh Vua tn-thng c. Cho nn, mt bc tinh- nh Tkheo Na-Tin tt nhn thy rng, c l gi y chnh l lc nn kt-thc
cuc m-lun v xin kiu-t ra v.
Cuc m-lun l-th gia bc Vng-gi vi v T-kheo li-lc c th ktthc ti y, nhng cng-vic Tm hiu Ngha vn cha th gi l xongxui, v b st vi cu hi ca vua Di-Lan, cn cha c xt n. Cc
cu hi ny ch c tm quan-trng th-yu v cc kin-thc tng-qut ti cc
tiu-mc: s 059; s 064; s 079; v s 093. Vy xin xt nt ti Vn- X:
Cc cu hi linh-tinh v kin-thc tng-qut.
-----*-----
161.- Khc .
Nhn khi nghe ni v c Pht t mnh thng-hiu tt c Kinh-k v Giilut, Vua Di-Lan mi hi Na-Tin:
- C k khi cha m cht th than-khc, l trn; li c ngi v nghe Kinh
Pht m a l, hai ln chy nc mt c khc nhau khng?
Li p ca Na-Tin c v hi ''nghim-khc'' i vi nhng ngi con bi
thng cha m cht m khc, v Na-Tin bo:
- K v cha m cht m khc l do thng-cm, tm-nim u-su, au-kh;
cc s u-su tc l u-su ca s ngu-si. Cn ngi a l v nghe c
Kinh Pht l do tm-nim t-i, ngh n th-gian kh-nhc, nn mi khc,
nh th c phc rt to ln.
Xin ng- vi Na-Tin l do tm-nim t-i ngh n cnh-kh th-gian
m khc khi nghe c Kinh Pht, nhng k khc v cha-m cht no c
khc v s ngu-si u? Tht ra, c hai cnh khc u do tm cm-ng m
a l. Cm-ng v ngi mnh thng nay chng cn na, nn mnh mi
khc. Cm-ng v t trc n gi mnh chng hiu r thn-phn khn-kh
ca con ngi ni th-gian ny, nay nghe Kinh Pht gii r ch ngu-si ca
mnh ra, ch cho mnh v cc ng-loi ca mnh thy con ng thot kh,
nn mnh mi a l. V c hai ci khc chn-thnh u mang li phc lnh
c.
*
162.- Tm-trng ca Vua Di-Lan v T-kheo Na-Tin sau cuc m-lun
v o-php .
n y ch cn tm-tt vi trang on cht ni Phn III ca cun ''NaTin T-Kheo Kinh'', th c th kt-thc vic Tm hiu Ngha .
Sau cu hi cht v ''ci chi lm cho ta c c lm ngi?'', ca nh Vua,
T-kheo Na-Tin cm thy n lc nn kt-thc cuc m-lun k-th v
Gio-l nh Pht gia hai ngi, nn tha rng:
- qu na m ri, ti xin ra v...
Trc khi tin-bit, vua ni li khen tng (m cng t-khen na):
thnh c A-la-hn o, nng phi hnh dic nng nhn trit th, nh trit
thnh, dic nng tri tha nhn tm s nim, t tri tin th s tng lai sanh. c
A-la-hn d, tin tc lai hon nhp Ho-Thin t trung, ch t kheo tng
trung, khu u cu ai hi qu Ho-Thin ch t kheo tng. Ch t kheo tng
khc thnh chi. Na Tin tc l cnh, tin xut kh. Na-Tin chuyn hnh
nhp ch qun huyn giai khc l hng, v nhn thuyt kinh gii gio nhn
vi thin, trung hu th ng gii gi, trung hu c Tu--hun o, trung
hu c T--hm o gi, trung hu c A-na-hm o, trung hu tc samn c A-la-hn o gi. nht t Thin vng, nh ao li thin,
Thch, tht Phm thin vng, giai lai o Na-Tin tin tc l, d u din
trc tc khc ta. Na-Tin giai v ch nhn thuyt kinh danh t trit vn
t Thin. Na-Tin s hnh x ch Thin, nhn, dn, qu, thn, long kin NaTin v bt hoan h gi, giai c k phc. Na-Tin tin chuyn o ThinTrc X-Kit quc, ch Tit--Ca t, trung hu tin th c tri-thc nht
nhn ti hi bin, tc Quc-vng thi-t, danh Di-Lan. Di-Lan thiu tiu
ho h c kinh hc d o tt tri d o kinh php nan, d o nhn v hu
nng thng gi. Di-Lan ph vng th chung, Di-Lan tc lp vi Qucvng. Vng vn t hu bin thn, ngn: ''Quc trung o nhn cp nhn
dn thy nng d ng cng nan kinh o gi?'' Bin thn bch Vng ngn:
''Hu hu hc Pht o gi nhn h vi sa-mn, k nhn tr-hu bc t, nng
d i vng cng nan kinh o.'' Kim ti Bc phng i Tn, quc danh
X-Kit, c Vng chi cung. K quc trung, ngoi an n nhn dn giai
thin, k thnh t phng giai phc o hnh, ch thnh mn giai iu vn
khc lu, cung trung ph n cc hu x s, ch giai th l la lit thnh hnh
quan o qung i lit t thnh, hnh tng, m, xa, b, nam n x thnh
tha mn. o nhn thn thch cng s, t dn cp ch tiu quc, giai a
cao minh, nhn dn b phc ng sc cn hong, ph n ph bch giai trc
chu hon, quc th cao to trn bo a; t phng mi khch mi mi giai
d kim tin ng xc phong tin, gia hu tr sc, th bin la mi ch m canh,
phn c tc c thc, kht m b o tp tu lc bt kh ngn. K quc
vng t Di-Lan d Chnh php tr quc. Di-Lan gi cao ti hu tr minh th
kinh o nng nan kh lai kin ti chi s, minh quan s chin u chi
thut, tr mu v bt thng t. Thi Vng xut thnh du h ch binh chng
trun nhiu ngoi. K Vng tm t cng cao, ng vi Vng nng p cu
thp lc chng kinh o nhn s vn bt cng, nhn tm thch pht tin d
tri s ngn. Vng ng ch bng thn vit: '' Thng to nhp thnh dic v
s tc th gian, ninh hu minh kinh o nhn sa-mn nng d ng cng nan
kinh thuyt o gi v?'' Vng bng thn danh Trim-Di-Li-Vng-Qun,
Trim-Di-Li-Vng-Qun bch Vng, ngn: ''Nhin, hu sa-mn t DHo-La i minh kinh o, nng d Vng cng nan kinh thuyt o.''
Vng tin sc Trim-Di-Li-Vng-Qun hnh vng thnh lai. Trim-DiLi-Vng-Qun ngn: ''i thin! Vng dc tng kin gi, ng t lai
nh, ng bt vng d.'' Trim-Di-Li hon bch Vng nh th; Vng tc
tha xa, d ng b k cng vng o t trung. Vng d D-Ho-La tng
kin, tin vn tn d, tin tu to, ng b k tng tt giai dic to. Vng tc
vn D-Ho-La ngn: ''Khanh dng h c kh gia quyn th t, th u tu, b
c-sa tc sa-mn h? Khanh s cu h ng o?'' D-Hoa-La bo Vng:
''Ng to hc Pht o hnh trung chnh kim th c k phc, hu th
dic c k phc, dng th c, ng tr u tu, b c-sa tc sa-mn.'' Vng
vn D-Ho-La ngn: ''Hu nhn bch y hu th t gia, hu th t hnh
trung chnh kim th c k phc bt? Hu th dic c k phc bt?''
D-Ho-La ngn: ''Bch y gia hu th t hu hnh trung chnh kim th
c phc, hu th dic c k phc.'' Vng ngn: ''Bch y gia hu
th t hu hnh trung chnh kim th, hu th ng c k phc, Khanh
v c nhi kh th t, tr u pht, b c-sa tc sa-mn?'' Vi D-Ho-La tin
mc nhin v d bo Vng, bng thn bch ngn: ''Th sa-mn i minh
kin hu tr bch xc v cp thuyt nh.'' Vng bng thn c th ngn:
''Vng c thng! Vng c thng!'' D-Ho-La tin mc nhin th ph.
Vng tc t hu c th ch u-b-tc. Ch u-b-tc din dic bt tm.
Vng nim, th ch u-b-tc din dic nan tm gi, c phc hu minh
kinh kin sa-mn nng d ng tng nan gi nh. Vng ng Trim-Di-Li
ninh phc hu minh hu sa-mn nng d cng nan kinh thuyt o gi v?
Thi Na-Tin gi ch sa-mn s, thng d ch sa-mn cu xut nhp, ch
sa-mn giai s thuyt Kinh. Na-Tin thi giai tri ch Kinh yu nan nng
thuyt thp nh b Kinh, thuyt Kinh nhi chng chng bit d chng on
c gii d tri N-Hon chi o, v hu nng cng gi, v hu nng c thng
gi, nng gii ch nghi, nng minh t gi s ngn, tr nh giang hi, nng
phc cu thp lc chng o, vi Pht t bi t s knh, vi ch tr gi s
qui-ngng, thng d kinh o gio th nhn. Na-Tin lai o X-Kitquc, k s tng ty t giai phc cao minh Na-Tin nh mnh s-t.
Trim-Di-Li bch Vng: ''Hu d sa-mn t Na-Tin tr-hu thm diu,
minh ch Kinh yu, nng gii ch nghi, v s bt thng, nng d Vng
cng nan kinh o.'' Vng vn Trim-Di-Li: '' Thm nng d ng cng
nan kinh o bt?'' Trim-Di-Li ng duy: ''Nhin, nng d Vng cng nan
kinh o, thng nng d tht Phm Thin cng nan kinh o, h hung
nhn.'' Vng tc sc Trim-Di-Li tin hnh thnh Na-Tin lai. TrimDi-Li tc vng o Na-Tin s, bch ngn: ''i Vng dc tng kin.''
Na-Tin tc d ch t tng ty, o Vng s. Vng tuy v thng d
Na-Tin tng kin, Na-Tin ti chng nhn trung b phc hnh b d nhn
tuyt d, Vng dao kin n tri th Na-Tin. Vng t thuyt ngn, ng tin
hu thanh thy chu tr thy trung, thy tc vi thanh. Vng tin c thanh
thy m chi.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn tm hu c th nh trc thy; Pht ch
t c t sanh chi o, tm d thanh tnh nh chu thanh thy. Nhn
khc ch c, thnh tn, thanh tnh, th nh minh nguyt chu.'' Vng
ngn: ''Thin tai! Thin tai!'' Vng vn ngn: ''Nhn tinh tn thnh tn gi
vn h?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Pht ch t t tng kin bi trung thot ch c
tm, trung hu c Tu--hun gi, trung hu c T--hm gi, trung hu
c A-na-hm gi, trung hu c A-la-hn gi, trung hu nhn tng hiu
c hnh thnh tn gi, giai dic c th o.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Th nh sn
thng i v, k thy h lu qung i. V bin nhn cu bt tri thy thm
thin, y bt cm . Nh hu vin phng nhn lai th thy, n tri thy
qung hip, thm thin, t tri lc th nng nhp thy tin c qu. V
bin nhn chng tin hiu tu hu dic c kh. Pht ch t dic nh
th, kin tin nhn tnh tm c Tu--hun, T--hm, A-na-hm, A-lahn o, giai tng thin tm tinh tn s tr d. Pht kinh ngn, nhn hu
thnh tn chi tm kh t c th o, nhn nng ch ch khc ng s
dc, t tri thn kh gi ni nng c th nhn giai tng tr hu thnh k
o c.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai! Thin tai!'' Vng ngn: ''H ng vi
hiu thun gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Ch thin gi giai vi hiu thun. Phm tam
thp tht phm kinh giai do hiu thun vi bn.'' Vng ngn: ''H ng vi
tam thp tht phm kinh?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Hu t ch, hu t on, hu
t thn tc, hu ng cn, hu ng lc, hu tht gic , hu bt chng o
hnh.'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn: ''H ng vi t ch gi?'' Na-Tin
bo Vng ngn: ''Pht thuyt, nht vi thn, thn qun ch; nh vi qun
thng dng, thng dng ch; tam vi qun , ch; t vi qun php, php
ch; th vi t ch.'' Vng phc ngn: ''H ng vi t on?'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Pht thuyt d phn bit ch t s bt phc nim, th vi t on, d
c t on tin t c t thn tc nim.'' Vng phc vn: ''H ng vi t
thn tc nim?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nht gi, nhn nng trit th; nh gi, nh
nng trit thnh; tam gi, nng tri tha nhn trung s nim; t gi, thn nng
phi hnh; th vi t thn tc nim.'' Vng phc vn: ''H ng vi ng cn
gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nht gi, nhn kin ho sc,c sc, bt tham trc,
th vi cn. Nh gi, nh vn ho thanh, c thanh, m thanh, bt tham trc,
th vi cn. Tam gi, t vn hng x, bt tham trc, th vi cn. T gi,
khu c m v, kh, tn, bt tham trc, th vi cn. Ng gi, thn c t
hot, dic bt h, thn c th kin, dic bt , th vi ng cn.'' Vng
phc vn: ''H ng vi ng lc gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nht nng ch nhn;
nh nng ch nh; tam nng ch t, t nng ch khu; ng nng ch thn, linh
bt o, th vi ng lc.'' Vng phc vn: ''H ng vi tht gic gi?'' NaTin ngn: '' Nht, gic . Nh, phn bit gic . Tam, tinh tn gic . T,
th c tri vi trc d th tin phinh gia ph d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn sanh
dic th nh th. Nhn kim th dng th danh thn tc thin c ni sanh hu
th kim th tc thin c gi th k bn d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Th nh nhn tr
bnh tng mc ngu gia mi nh chng. c chng d, phc hon k k ch,
ngn, ng kim hon bt cu. K nhn tu du lai hon, th bnh chng, chng
d chuyn tc lc. Mi chng gia ngn, ng tr chng k, khanh kim phn tr
lc hon ng. Mc ngu gi ngn, th nh c nh, kim t chuyn vi lc.
Lng nhn cng tranh tng, tng khin ngh Vng tin.'' Na-Tin vn
Vng ngn: ''Nh th thy vi trc gi?'' Vng ngn: ''Mc ngu gia vi
trc.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Vng h d tri?'' Vng ngn: ''Nh t mi chng
nh tr i t chuyn thnh lc. Mc ngu gia ng hu h qu?'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Nhn sanh dic th nh th. Nhn kim th dng th danh thn tc
thin c ni sanh hu th kim th tc thin c gi th k bn d.'' Vng
phc vn: ''Kim Na-tin ng phc hu th sanh gia?''Na-Tin bo
Vng ngn: ''Dng th vi vn ng tin thuyt d, nh s ng hu n i gi
hu th ng phc sanh; nh s ng v n i gi, bt phc sanh.'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Th nh nhn kit lc s Vng, Vng ng tri k thin, s t k
ti vt. K nhn c vt cc t th dng y b, m thc, hoan lc; k nhn
lun ngh ngn, ng hu cng Vng, Vng v tng hu thng t ng
d.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Nh b nhn c thng t phn ngn v tng
c, k nhn ng ninh kh dng bt?'' Vng ngn: ''K nhn ng bt kh
dng.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Th c ng ng Vng ngn, nh s ng hu n i
gi ng phc hu th sanh; nh s ng v n i gi, bt phc hu th
sanh.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai! Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn:
''Khanh tin s thuyt nhn danh d thn, h ng vi danh, h ng vi thn
gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Kim kin ti vi thn; tm s nim gi vi danh.'' Vng
phc vn: ''Nhn h c hu danh hnh hu th sanh, nhi thn bt hnh
sanh?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn thn d danh tin hu tng lin, th nh k t
trung trp cp d thng b ni thnh k t. Nhn danh d thn tng lin
nh th, bt phn d.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin:
''H ng vi cu gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''D qu kh s vi cu, ng lai s
dic vi cu, kin ti s vi v hu cu.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng
phc vn Na-Tin ngn: ''Thm vi hu cu bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Hoc hu
cu, hoc v hu cu.'' Vng phc ngn: ''H ng vi hu cu, h ng vi
v hu cu?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''K c o N-Hon gi vi v cu; v c o
ng phc cnh t sanh gi vi hu cu. Nhn kim th ho b th, hiu
ph mu ng lai th ng c k phc.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!
Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn: ''Ch d qu kh s, ng lai
s, kim kin ti s, th tam s, h s vi bn gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''D qu kh
s, ng lai s, kim kin ti s, ngu si gi th k bn d; ngu si sanh tc
sanh thn, thn sanh thn, thn sanh danh, danh sanh sc, sc sanh lc tri;
nht vi nhn tri, nh vi nh tri, tam vi t tri, t vi khu tri, ng vi thn tri, lc
vi tm tri, th vi lc tri; th luc s giai ngoi hng. H ng vi ngoi hng?
Nhn hng sc, nh hng thanh, t hng hng, khu hng v, thn
hng hot, tm hng tham dc, th vi lc ngoi hng, danh vi phi, phi
gi hip phi gi tri kh, tri lc; tng kh lc sanh n i, tng n i sanh
tham dc, tng tham dc sanh hu tr tin sanh nhn lo, tng lo nhn bnh,
tng bnh nhn t, tng t nhn khc, tng khc nhn u, tng u nhn ni
tm thng. Phm hip th ch cn kh hip danh vi nhn, nhn d th c sanh
t v hu tuyt thi, nhn c bn thn bt kh c d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Th
nh nhn chng ng cc sanh cn, tng cn sanh hnh, dip, thc, ch hu
c cc d hu nin phc chng c cc thm a.'' Na-Tin vn Vng:
''Nh nhn chng cc, tu tu chng cc, ninh hu tuyt bt sanh thi bt?''
Vng ngn: ''Tu tu chng cc v hu tuyt bt sanh thi d.'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Nhn sanh dic nh th, trin chuyn tng sanh, v hu tuyt thi.''
Na-Tin ngn: ''Th nh k sanh non, non sanh k, tng non sanh non,
tng k sanh k. Nhn sanh t dic nh th, v hu tuyt thi.'' Na-Tin tin
ha i tc xa lun vn Vng ngn: ''Kim th lun ninh hu gic v?''
Vng ngn: ''Chnh vin, v hu gic.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Pht kinh thuyt,
nhn sanh t nh xa lun trin chuyn tng sanh v hu tuyt thi.'' NaTin ngn: ''Nhn tng nhn vn vt sc thc tc gic tri th tam s hip,
tng hip sanh kh lc, tng kh lc sanh n i, tng n i sanh tham dc,
tng tham dc sanh nhn hu tr, tng hu tr nhn sanh, tng sanh nhn tc
thin c, tng thin c tin sanh; nh vn thanh, thc tc gic tri, tam s hip,
tng sanh kh lc, tng kh lc sanh nhn n i, tng n i sanh tham dc,
tng tham dc sanh nhn hu tr, tng hu tr nhn sanh, tng nhn sanh tc
thin c, tng thin c tin sanh; t vn hng thc tc gic tri, tam s hip,
tng hip sanh kh lc, tng kh lc sanh n i, tng n i sanh tham dc,
tng tham dc sanh nhn hu tr, tng hu tr nhn sanh, tng sanh nhn tc
thin c, tng thin c tin sanh; khu c v thc tc gic tri tam s hip,
tng hip sanh kh lc, tng kh lc sanh n i, tng n i sanh tham dc,
tng tham dc sanh nhn hu tr, tng hu tr nhn sanh, tng nhn sanh tc
thin c, tng thin c tin sanh; thn c t hot thc tc gic tri tam s
hip, tng hip sanh kh lc, tng kh lc sanh n i, tng n i sanh tham
dc, tng tham dc sanh nhn hu tr, tng hu tr nhn sanh, tng sanh
nhn tc thin c, tng thin c tin sanh; hu s nim thc tc gic tri tam
s hip, tng hip sanh kh lc, tng kh lc sanh n i, tng n i sanh
tham dc, tng tham dc sanh nhn hu tr, tng hu tr nhn sanh, tng
nhn sanh tc thin c, tng thin c tin sanh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn trin
chuyn tng sanh v hu tuyt.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc
tc thanh bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt nng t tc thanh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nh
s khng hu hu ty, hu tr, hu nhn cng c gi, k thanh ninh xut
bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Hu thanh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nh th, thin h v t
nhin sanh vt giai ng hu s nhn.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Nh ton ha
toi v lng mc, v nhn ton gi, ninh nng c ha bt?'' Vng ngn:
''Bt nng c ho.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thit hu lng mc, hu nhn toi
chi, ninh nng sanh ha bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Nhin, tc sanh ho.'' Na-tin
ngn: ''Thin h v hu t nhin sanh vt giai ng hu s nhn.'' Na-Tin
vn Vng ngn: ''Th nh dng toi cu v nhn tr chi dic v nht v
thin, ninh nng c ho.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Th nh dng toi hu nhn tr
chi, hu thin, hu nht, ninh nng c ha bt?'' Vng ngn: ''c ho.''
Na-Tin ngn: ''Thin h v hu t nhin sanh vt giai ng hu nhn.''
Na-Tin vn Vng ngn: ''Nhc nhn v knh, v minh, nhn dc t
chiu, ninh nng t kin k hnh bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt nng t kin.'' NaTin ngn: ''Nh hu hu knh, hu minh, hu nhn t chiu ninh nng t
kin hnh bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Nhin, tc nng t kin.'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Thin h v hu t nhin sanh vt giai hu s nhn.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin
tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Th gian nhn ninh vi hu nhn v?'' NaTin ngn: ''Th gian bt nng thm hu nhn d, thch ng h thy vi
nhn.'' Vng ngn: ''Thn trung mng tc vi nhn bt?'' Na-Tin vn
Vng: ''Nhn thn trung mng nng dng nhn th sc bt, nng dng nh
thnh m thanh bt, nng dng t vn hng bt, nng dng khu tri v bt,
nng dng thn tri t hot bt, nng dng hu s tri bt?'' Vng ngn:
''Nng.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Kim ng d Vng k in thng t din hu
song t ti dc tng h song gi ninh nng kin bt?'' Vng ngn: ''c
kin.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thit linh nhn mng ti thn trung t ti dc tng h
khng th nh nng d nhn th sc bt, nng dng nh th sc bt, nng dng
t th sc bt, nng dng khu th sc bt, nng dng thn th sc bt, nng
dng th sc bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt nng.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thit linh
mng ti nh nng d nh hu s vn bt, nng d nh hu s kin bt, nng d
nh tri hng x bt, nng d nh tri v bt, nng d nh tri t hot bt, nng d
nh hu s nim bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thit linh mng ti t nng d t tri
hng x bt, nng d t vn m thanh bt, nng d t tri v bt, nng d t tri
t hot bt, nng d t hu s nim bt?'' Na-tin ngn: ''Thit linh mng ti
khu nng d khu tri v bt, nng d khu hu s kin bt, nng d khu
thnh m thanh bt, nng d khu vn x hng bt, nng d khu tri t hot
bt, nng d khu hu s nim bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thit linh mng ti thn
trung nng d thn tri t hot bt, nng d thn hu s kin bt, nng d thn
thnh m thanh bt, nng d thn tri x hng bt, nng d thn tri v bt,
nng d thn hu s nim bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thit linh mng ti thc
nng d thc hu s nim bt, nng d thc thnh m thanh bt, nng d thc
tri x hng bt, nng d thc tri v bt, nng d thc tri t hot bt?'' Vng
ngn: ''Bt nng tri d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Vng s ng tin hu bt tng
ph.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nh ng d Vng cng ti in thng trit nhng
t song gi th ninh qung vin bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Nhin, qung vin.'' NaTin ngn: ''Thit linh mng ti thn trung ( ) nhn kh chi, k th ninh
qung vin bt, quyt nh linh i k thnh ninh nng vin bt, quyt t linh
i vn hng ninh nng vin bt, quyt khu linh i tri v ninh nng a
bt, ph bc b phu tri t hot ninh nng a bt, quyt phn kh k linh
ninh i bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Vng dic ng tin
hu bt ph.'' Na-Tin vn Vng ngn: ''Vng tr tng nhn lai nhp ti
Vng tin tr, Vng ninh gic tri ti tin tr bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Tri ti
tin.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Tr tng gi tc nhp Vng tht ninh tri nhp tht
bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Tri nhp tht gi.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thit linh nhn mng
ti thn trung nhn tr v trc khu trung nng tri im, th, toan, hm, tn,
kh.'' Vng ngn: ''Tri chi.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Vng s ng tin hu bt
tng ph d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nh nhn c m tu trc i kh trung cp
tc nht nhn khu o tr tu trung linh thng tu, k nhn ninh tri tu v
bt?'' Vng ngn: ''K nhn bt tri.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''H d c bt tri v?''
Vng ngn: ''V nhp khu o thit thng, c bt tri v.'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Vng s ng tin hu bt tng ph.'' Vng ngn: ''Ng ngu si tr v cp
th nan, nguyn tng gii chi.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn tng nhn kin sc
thn ng, thn ng tc sanh kh lc nim hip nh, t, khu, , giai ng
hip vi hu s nim thn ng; thn ng tc sanh kh lc, tng kh lc
sanh , tng sanh nim, trin chuyn tng thnh thch v thng ch.''
Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Nhn sanh nhn thi
nhn d thn cu sanh gia?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhin, ng thi cu sanh.''
Vng phc vn: ''Nhn c tin sanh gia, thn c tin sanh gia?'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Nhn c tin sanh, thn c hu sanh.'' Vng ngn: ''Nhn ng thn
ngn, ng s hnh sanh x, nh ng ty ng hu sanh tng ng ngn
lng gia, thn ng nhn ngn, nh s sanh x, ng ng ty nh hu
sanh, lng tng ng bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Lng bt tng d ng.''
Vng ngn: ''Khanh bt ngn ng thi cu sanh, h d c bt tng ng
gia?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Hu t s cu bt tng ng.'' Na-Tin t ngn: ''H
ng t? Nht, vi h hnh; nh, vi hng mn; tam, vi hnh trit; t gi, vi
s. Th t s cu bt tng ng.'' Vng phc vn: ''H ng vi h hnh
gi?'' Na-Tin bo Vng ngn: ''Cao sn thng thin v, k thy ty lu
ng nh h hnh?'' Vng ngn: ''H hnh gia.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Hu phc
thin v, k thy lu ng phc nh h hnh?'' Vng ngn: ''ng ty
tin lu thy x hnh.'' Na-Tin vn Vng ngn: ''Tin thy ninh ng hu
Na-Tin ngn: ''Th nhc nhn s quc vng, k nhn hin thin, Vng
t d ti vt; k nhn c chi, dng t khoi lc ti s dc, vi k nhn t
nim, ng s Vng c thng t, kim c lc, lc nh th.'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Th nh nhn tm nim thin, khu ngn thin, thn hnh thin; hnh thin
nh th, t hu c sanh thin thng, k nhn thin thng cc t ngu
lc t nim ngn, ng ti th gian thi, tm nim thin, khu ngn thin,
thn hnh thin; th c ng t tr sanh th gian, c lc thm lc; th vi gic.''
Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''H ng vi gic gi?''
Na-Tin ngn: ''Tng tri vi gic. Th nh Vng hu tr tng gi nhp tng
tht trung t th tht trung, tri hu nhc thin tin, kim, ngn, chu, ngc,
tng, bch, tp hng sc giai tri tp x, th vi gic tri.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin
tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn hu s nim, h ng loi?'' NaTin ngn: ''Nhn hu s nim nhn hu s tc; th nh nhn ha c dc
t m dic phc hnh m nhn, thn t kh dic phc kh tha nhn thn.''
Na-Tin ngn: ''Th nh nhn tc c, t hu ng nhp N-L trung ch s
gio gi giai nhp N-L trung; c nhn hu s nim, s tc ngn nh th.''
Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn: ''H ng vi ni
ng gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Ch nim ni tin ng.'' Vng ngn: ''ng
hnh thi vn h?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Th nh ng huyn ng ph hu nhn
vng thiu chi, k kh hu thanh c h hu d m nhi hnh, nhn nh th ch
ng nim nhn hnh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thiu thi vi ng, hu d m vi
hnh.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn: ''Nng hip
th phn bit chi bt th vi hip, th vi tr, th vi nim, th vi , th vi ng
gia?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Gi linh d hip bt kh phc phn bit d.'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Vng s t nhn tc m canh, trung hu thy, hu nhc, hu thng
ton, hu cng, hu dim th, hu no, Vng sc tr h nhn ngn, s tc
m canh nh tin th canh trung thy v, lai th th nhc v, lai th th
thng v, lai th th cng v, lai th th dim th v, lai th th na v, lai
canh d thnh, nhn ninh nng nht nht th canh v d Vng bt?'' Vng
ngn: ''Canh nht hip d hu bt nng nht nht bit v d.'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Ch s dic nh th, nht hip bt kh bit d, th vi kh lc, th vi tr, th vi
ng, th vi nim.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai! Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn NaTin ngn: ''Nhn tr mc th dim v ninh kh bit tri bt?'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Vng tri ni nh th gia, nng tr mc th tri dim v?'' Vng ngn: ''Mc
bt tri dim v gia.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn tr thit nng tri dim v th bt
nng d mc tri dim v d.'' Vng phc ngn: ''Nhn dng thit tri v vn''
Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn giai dng thit bit tri v.'' Vng ngn: ''Ch dim v
giai ng dng thit bit tri gia?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhin, Ch dim v giai
ng dng thit bit tri nh.'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn: ''Xa ti dim
ngu ch dim xa ngu ninh nng bit tri bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Xa ngu bt
nng bit tri tri dim v d.'' Vng vn Na-Tin ngn: ''Dim v ninh kh
xng bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Vng tr ni nh nng xng dim v Vng
vn.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Dim v bt kh xng d. K khinh trng kh xng
nh.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Phm nhn thn
trung ng tri tc chng s s thnh gia, tc nht s thnh ng tri gia?'' NaTin ngn: ''Tc chng s s thnh, phi nht s s thnh d; th nh nht i
ng cc ng sanh thi cc cc t sanh ng loi; nhn thn trung ng s
giai dng chng s cc s sanh.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai! Thin tai!'' Vng
phc vn Na-Tin: ''Th gian nhn u, tu, pht, phu, din, mc, nh, t,
khu, thn th, t chi, th tc, giai hon c, h c trung hu th mng trng
gi, trung hu on mng gi, hu a bnh gi, trung hu thiu bnh gi,
trung hu bn gi, trung hu ph gi, trung hu qu gi, trung hu tin gi,
trung hu i s gi, trung hu tiu s gi, trung hu oan chnh gi, trung
hu x gi, trung hu vi nhn s tn gi, trung hu vi nhn s nghi gi,
trung hu minh hiu gi, trung hu ngu gi, h c bt ng?'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Th nh ch th mc qu chng, trung hu th bt im gi, trung hu kh
gi, trung hu tn gi, trung hu im gi, trung hu chnh th gi.'' Na-Tin
vn Vng ngn: ''Th giai th mc, h c bt ng?'' Vng ngn: ''S d
bt ng gi, k ti cc t d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn dic nh th, tm s
nim gi cc cc d, th c linh th gian nhn bt ng nh, trung hu on
mng gi, trung hu trng mng gi, trung hu a bnh gi, trung hu thiu
bnh gi, trung hu ph gi, trung hu bn gi, trung hu qu gi, trung hu
tin gi, trung hu i s gi, trung hu tiu s gi, trung hu oan chnh gi,
trung hu x gi, trung hu ng dng gi, trung hu ng bt dng gi, trung
hu minh gi, trung hu ngu gi.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Th c Pht s ngn, ty
k nhn tc thin c t ng c chi, trung hu ho qu gi, trung hu bn
cng gi, giai th tin th tc mng th tc thin c cc t ty k c c
chi.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai! Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin ngn:
''Nhn hu dc tc thin gi ng tin tc chi gia, ng hu tc chi h?''
Na-Tin ngn: ''ng c tin tc chi, ti hu tc chi bt nng ch nhn d.
C tin tc gi hu ch nhn.'' Na-Tin vn Vng ngn: ''Vng kht dc
m thi s nhn qut i tc tnh nng ph Vng kht bt?'' Vng ngn:
''Bt ph kht d; ng c tin tc tnh nh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn dic nh
th, nhn s c giai ng c tin, ti hu tc gi v ch d.'' Na-Tin vn
Vng: ''Vng c thi ni s nhn canh i, phn i, chng ng cc c
ninh dng phn gia, ng d hu tr?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt d, ng tin
hu tr tr.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn dic nh th, ng tin tc thin, hu
cp ni tc thin gi v ch thn d.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Th nh Vng
hu on ng lm thi xut chin u, Vng nng s nhn gio m, gio
tng, gio nhn, tc chin u c h?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt d, ng tc
tng, bt thp chng ho, thn giai kim sc hu quang nh gia?'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Pht thm hu tam thp nh tng, bt thp chng ho, giai hu kim
sc hu quang nh.'' Vng ngn: ''Pht ph mu ninh phc hu tam thp
nh tng, bt thp chng ho, thn giai kim sc hu quang nh gia?'' NaTin ngn: ''Pht ph mu v th tng.'' Vng ngn: ''Nh s ph mu v
th tng gi, Pht dic v th tng.'' Vng phc ngn: ''Nhn sanh t
tng k chng loi, ph mu v hu th tng gi, Pht nh v th tng.''
Na-Tin ngn: ''Pht ph mu tuy v th tam thp nh tng, bt thp chng
ho, thn kim sc gi, Pht thm hu th tng.'' Na-Tin vn Vng:
''Vng tng kin lin hoa bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Ng kin chi.'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Th lin hoa sanh i, trng n thy chi trung, sc thm, hng ho,
ninh phc tng loi n thy sc bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt tng loi i n
thy sc.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Tuy Pht ph mu v th ch tng gi, Pht
thm hu th ch tng; Pht sanh th gian, trng th gian, nhi bt
tng th gian chi s.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin:
''Pht thm nh tht Thin vng Phm s hnh bt d ph n giao hi
bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhin, thm ly ph n, tnh khit v h u.'' Vng
ngn: ''Gi linh Pht nh tht Thin vng s hnh gi, Pht vi tht
Phm t.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: '' tht Thin vng gi hu nim v
nim?'' Vng ngn: '' tht Thin vng Phm hu nim.'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Th c tht thin vng Phm cp thng ch Thin giai vi Pht t.''
Na-Tin vn Vng ngn: ''iu minh thanh h ng loi?'' Vng ngn:
''iu minh thanh nh nhn thanh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nh th iu vi th nhn
t, cc t d loi; Pht dic nh th, phi tht Thin vng Phm t.''
Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Pht ninh tt hc tri
phng hnh kinh gii bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Pht tt hc tri phng hnh kinh
gii.'' Vng ngn: ''Pht tng thy s th kinh gii?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Pht
v s. Pht c o thi tin tt t tri ch kinh o. Pht bt nh ch t
hc tri. Pht s gio ch t giai ng phng hnh ch lo.'' Vng ngn:
''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Nhn ph mu t thi bi khc l
xut, nhn hu vn Pht kinh dic phc bi khc l xut, cu l xut ninh
hu bit d bt?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn hu ph mu khp giai cm t i,
t nim su u, kh thng; th to u gi ngu si u nh. K hu vn Pht
kinh o l xut gi giai hu t ai chi tm, nim th gian cn kh, th c l
xut k c phc thm i.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn NaTin: ''D c thot gi, v c thot gi, hu h ng bit d?'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Nhn v c thot gi hu tham dc chi tm, nhn c thot
gi v hu tham dc chi tm, n dc th c phn thc chi mng nh.''
Vng ngn: ''Ng kin th gian nhn giai dc khoi thn, dc c m thc,
v hu ( ) tc.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn v c thot gi phn thc dng tc
on gia thng dc tng cng kch d.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''ch cha
lm lai thi Vng ni tc u k b th qut thim gia, ng d tc chi
h?'' Vng ngn: ''ng d hu tr i.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Dng h
ng c d tc tr i?'' Vng ngn: ''B ch lai v thi c.'' Na-Tin vn
Vng: ''ch thng v lai h c d b chi?'' Na-Tin phc vn Vng: ''C
ni in chng, kht ni qut tnh gia?'' Vng ngn: ''Giai ng d tc
chi.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thng v c kht, h c d tc iu ?'' Vng
ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: '' tht Phm Thin kh th
k s?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Thm vin, linh thch i nh Vng in tng
tht Phm Thin thng a chi lc nguyt nht ni a th gian i nh.''
Vng ngn: ''Khanh to ch sa-mn ngn, c La-hn o nh nhn khut
thn t khonh d phi thng tht Phm Thin thng.'''Vng ngn:
''Ng bt tn th hnh s thin vn c l, h d tt ni nh gia?'' Na-Tin vn
Vng: ''Vng bn sanh h quc?'' Vng ngn: ''Ng bn sanh i Tn
quc, quc danh A-L-Tn. '' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''A-l-tn kh th gian k
l?'' Vng ngn: ''Kh nh thin do tun hip bt vn l.'' Na-Tin vn
Vng: ''Ph tng th dao nim bn quc trung s bt?'' Vng ngn:
''Nhin, hng nim bn quc trung s nh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Vng th phc
cnh nim bn quc trung s tng hu s tc vi gi.'' Vng ngn: ''Ng tc
nim d.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Vng hnh bt vn l phn phc h d tt?''
Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Nhc hu lng
nhn th cu thi t, nht nhn thng sanh tht Phm Thin, nht
nhn sanh K Tn kh th tht b nh thp l, thy vi tin o gi?'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''Lng nhn cu thi o nh.'' Vng ngn: ''Tng kh vin cn
i a, h d cu ch?'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Th nim A-l quc.'' Vng
ngn: ''Ng d nim chi.'' Na-Tin phc ngn: '' Vng th phc nim K
tn.'' Vng ngn: ''Ng d nim chi.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Nim th lng
quc, h s tt gi?'' Vng ngn: ''Cu ng nh.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Lng
nhn cu t, nht nhn sanh tht Phm Thin thng, nht nhn sanh K
tn dic ng nh.'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Nhc hu nht song phi iu,
nht iu i th thng ch, nht iu tiu ty th ch, lng iu cu
ch, thy nh tin ti i gi?'' Vng ngn: ''K nh cu o i nh.'' NaTin ngn: ''Lng nhn cu t, nht nhn sanh tht Phm Thin thng,
nht nhn sanh K tn dic cu thi ch nh.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!''
Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Nhn dng k s hc tri o?'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Dng tht s hc tri o. H ng vi tht? Nht gi, nim thin c chi s.
Nh gi tinh tn. Tam gi lc o. T gi phc vi thin. Ng gi nim o.
Lc gi nht tm. Tht gi thch ng v s tng i.'' Vng phc vn NaTin: ''Nhn dng th tht s hc tri o gia?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Bt tt dng
tht s hc tri o. Tr gi tr tr bit tri thin c, dng th nht s bit tri
nh.'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Gi linh dng nht s tri gi, h vi thuyt
tht s?'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Nh nhn tr ao trc thao trung bch
ao, ninh nng t hu s ct tit bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Bt nng hu s ct
tit.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nhn tm tuy minh hi ng c th lc s cng
thnh tr nh.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''Nhn
gia tc thin c phc i gia, tc c c ng i gia?'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Nhn tc thin c phc i, tc c c ng tiu. Nhn gia tc c nht t
hi qu, th c k qu nht tiu. Nhn gia tc thin nht d t nim hoan h,
th c c phc i.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Tch gi, Pht ti thi k quc trung
hu nhn ngt v th tc nhi th lin hoa tr thng Pht. Pht tc co ch t
kheo ngn, th ngt th tc nhi khc hu cu thp nht kip bt phc a
nhp N-L trung, sc sanh b l o trung, c sanh Thin thng; Thin
thng th chung phc hon tc nhn; th c, ng tri nhn tc tiu thin c
phc i. Tc c, k nhn t hi qu nht tiu dit nhi tn, th c ng tri
nhn tc qu k ng tiu.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn NaTin: ''Tr gi tc c, ngu nhn tc c, th lng nhn ng cu, thy c a
gi?'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Ngu nhn tc c c ng i; tr nhn tc c c
ng tiu.'' Vng ngn: ''Bt nh Na-tin ngn.'' Vng ngn: ''Ng quc
tr php, i thn hu qu tc ti chi trng; ngu dn hu qu tc ti chi
khinh; th c tr gi tc c c ng i, ngu gi tc c c ng tiu.'' NaTin vn Vng: ''Th nh thiu thit ti i nht nhn tri vi thiu thit, nht
nhn bt tri; lng nhn cu tin th thiu thit, thy ln th i gi gia?''
Vng ngn: ''Bt tri gi ln th i.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Ngu gi tc c bt
nng t hi, c k ng i. Tr gi tc c tri bt ng s vi nht t hi
qu, c k ng tiu.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn Na-Tin: ''
Nhn hu nng tr th thn phi hnh thng ch tht Phm Thin thng
cp ch Ut-thin- vit i cp s dc ch x gi bt?'' Na-Tin ngn:
''Nng.'' Vng ngn: ''Ni h tr th thn thng tht Phm Thin cp
Ut-thin-vit i cp s dc ch x h?'' Na-Tin vn Vng: ''Vng ninh
t nim thiu tiu thi khiu h nht trng i bt?'' Vng ngn: ''Ng
nin thiu thi nim dc khiu tin khiu nht trng d i gia.'' Na-Tin
ngn: ''c o chi nhn dc khiu ch tht Phm Thin thng cp ch
Ut-thin-vit i gi dic nh.'' Vng ngn: ''Thin tai!'' Vng phc vn
Na-Tin: ''Khanh to ch sa-mn ngn, hu ct trng t thin l, h ng
thn ct ni trng t thin l?'' Na-Tin vn: ''Vng tng vn i hi trung
hu i ng danh cht thn trng nh vn bt thin l gi bt?'' Vng
ngn: ''Nhin, hu c, ng tng vn chi.'' Na-Tin ngn: ''Nh th nh vn
bt thin l ng k hip ct trng t thin l.'' Vng qui chi, vi Vng
phc vn Na-Tin: ''Khanh to ch sa-mn thuyt ngn, ng nng on
suyn tc chi s.'' Vng ngn: ''Ni h on suyn tc kh gia?'' Na-Tin
Co li:
Bn Phin-m ny cn thiu chuyn dch ra ting Hn-Vit, c nh du ( ).
Thin Nht chn-thnh t li v knh mong c Qu V cao-minh, tinh
thng Hn-hc ch dy thm.
Trn-trng,
Thin Nht
HT