S GD&T NGH AN

HNG DN CHM HI THI GIO VIN DY GII

BC THPT CHU K 2011 2015
p n: MN TON
(Hng dn chm gm c 04 trang)
Cu Ni dung im
1 a Cc con ng dy hc nh l ton hc.
- Con ng suy din. Gm cc bc: To ng c, suy din i n nh
l, pht biu nh l, cng c v vn dng nh l.
0,5
- Con ng c khu suy on (quy np). Gm cc bc: To ng c, pht
hin nh l, pht biu nh l, chng minh nh l, cng c v vn dng nh
l.
0,5
Cc hot ng cng c nh l:
- Nhn dng v th hin nh l
0,5
- Hot ng ngn ng: pht biu nh l, pht biu nh l theo dng khc.
0,25
- Khi qut ha, c bit, h thng ha nh l. 0,25
b Nu bn ng dng ca nh l cho
- Xt s bin thin ca hm s. 0,5
- Chng minh hm s ng bin,nghch bin 0,5
- Chng minh bt ng thc 0,5
- Tm gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca hm s 0,5
- Gii phng trnh, bt phng trnh, h phng trnh ..
- Chng minh phng trnh c nghim duy nht
- Tm iu kin phng trnh, bt phng trnh, h pt c nghim.
( Th sinh nu bn th cho im ti a )
2 a Chc nng bi tp ton.
- Chc nng dy hc: Hnh thnh, cng c cho hc sinh tri thc, k nng, k
xo gii ton
0,5
- Chc nng gio dc: Rn luyn t duy bin chng, lgic, gy hng th
nim tin, hnh thnh phm cht o c ngi hc
0,5
- Chc nng pht trin: Pht trin t duy, nng lc, nhn thc 0,5
- Chc nng kim tra: Kim tra, nh gi mc , kt qu dy hc, trnh
ca hc sinh. Hon chnh b sung kin thc hc
0,5
b Nu cc quy trnh: Gi s d
1
, d
2
c phng trnh theo cc tham s t, k.
Quy trnh 1:
+ Ly A, B thuc d
1
; d
2
, tnh
AB
uuur
(theo t, k), tm cc vtcp
1
u
uur

2
u
uur
ca d
1
, d
2.
0,25
+ iu kin AB l on vung gc chung ca d
1
, d
2
l:
1
2
AB.u 0
AB.u 0

'

uuur uur
uuur uur (*) 0,25
+ Gii h (*) tm t, k t tm A, B 0,25
+ Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua A, B 0,25
Quy trnh 2:
+ Tm cc vtcp
1
u
uur

2
u
uur
ca d
1
, d
2.
v chn vtcp ca ng vung gc chung
ca ng vung gc chung d l
1 2
u u ; u
1

]
r uur uur
0,25
+ Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) cha d
1
v c vtpt
1
n u ; u
1

]
r uur r
0,25
+ Tm giao im M ca (P) v d
2
. 0,25
+ Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua M v c vtcp
u
r
0,25
1
3 a
Gii h
2 2 2
xy x 1 7y (1)
x y xy 1 13y (2)
+ +

'
+ +

(
x, y
) (*)
Gii cch 1: Xt y = 0, t (2) suy ra 1 = 0 (v l).
Xt y

0: (*)

2
2 2
1 x
x 7
y y
x 1 x
13
y y y

+ +

'

+ +

. t
1 x
u x , v
y y
+

0,5
(*)

2
u v 7
u v 13
+

'

2
u u 20 0 +
u 4 v 3
u 5 v 12






0,5
+ Nu
u 4
v 3

'

ta c h
1
x 4
y
x
3
y

'

2
y 1
3y 4y 1 0
1
y
3

Khi h c nghim: ( )
1
3;1 ; 1;
3
_

,
0,5
+ Nu
u 5
v 12

'

, gii tng t ta c h v nghim

Vy h cho c nghim: ( )
1
3;1 ; 1;
3
_

,
0,5
Hng dn cch 2: T (1) suy ra
y 1
v rt x theo y:
7y 1
x
y 1

+
0,25
- Th vo (2) v a v pt:
4 3 2
36y 33y 5y y 1 0 + + (3)
0,25
- Phn tch (3) thnh nhn t : (y - 1)(3y - 1)(12y
2
+ 5y + 1) = 0
0,25
- Suy ra pt c 2 nghim:
1
y 1, y
3
, tm x, kt lun nghim ca h. 0,25
b
x
2
x x
6
e (cosx +sinx)
I dx
e sinx.(e sinx +1)

. t
x
e sinx = t ( )
x
dt e sinx +cosx dx
.
i cn
6 2
1
x t e ; x t e
6 2 2



0,5
2 2
6 6
e e
1 1
e e
2 2
1 1 1
I dt dt
t(t 1) t t 1


_


+ +
,
0,5
=
2
6
e
1
e
2
t
ln
t 1

+
0,5
6
2
e 2
ln
3
e 1

_
+

+
,
0,5
2
4 a Gi s cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD, chng minh:
AB
2
+ BC
2
+ CD
2
+ DA
2
= AC
2
+ BD
2
(*)
Cch 1: S dng cng thc ng trung tuyn 0,25
+ Gi O l tm hnh bnh hnh ABCD suy ra O l trung im AC, BD 0,25
+ p dng cng thc ng trung tuyn trong cc tam gic ABC, ACD 0,25
+ Cng cc ng thc trn ta c (*) 0,25
Cch 2: S dng vct 0,25
+ Chuyn t bnh phng di v bnh phng v hng 0,25
+ Do ABCD l hnh bnh hnh nn c AB DC; AD BC
uuur uuur uuur uuur
0,25
+ Bin i tng ng (*) 0,25
Cch 3: s dng nh l cosin ...
+ p dng nh l cosin trong tam gic ABC
+ p dng nh l cosin trong tam gic ABD
+ Do tnh cht hnh bnh hnh nn cosA +cosD = 0, cng cc ng thc li,
t suy ra (*)
( Th sinh nu hai cch th cho im ti a )
b
Mnh o: Cho hnh chp S.ABC. Ly cc im M, N, P theo th t trn
cc tia SA, SB, SC sao cho SA = aSM, SB = bSN, SC = cSP (a, b, c l cc
s thc) . Chng minh nu a + b + c = 3 th mt phng (MNP) i qua trng
tm G ca tam gic ABC .
1,0
Chng minh mnh ny ng.
Do G l trng tm tam gic ABC nn
( )
1
SG SA SB SC
3
+ +
uuur uuur uur uur
M
SA
SA .SM a.SM
SM

uuur uuur uuur
, tng t
SB b.SN
uur uuur
;
SC c.SP
uur uur
0,25
Suy ra
a b c
SG SM SN SP
3 3 3
+ +
uuur uuur uuur uur
(1) .
T gi thit ta c :
a b c a b c
1 1
3 3 3 3 3 3
+ + + (2)
T (1) , (2) suy ra
b c b c
SG (1 )SM SN SP
3 3 3 3
+ +
uuur uuur uuur uur
0,25
b c
SG SM (SN SM) (SP SM)
3 3
+
uuur uuur uuur uuur uur uuur
b c
MG MN MP
3 3
+
uuuur uuuur uuur
(3) 0,25
V MN, MP
uuuur uuur
khng cng phng nn t (3) ta c M, N, P, G ng phng,
suy ra mt phng (MNP) i qua trng tm G ca tam gic ABC .
0,25
5 a
f(x) =
3
x (5 x) hm s lin tc trn on [0; 5] f(x)
3/ 2
x(5 x) x (0;5)
0,5
f (x) =
5
5 x(5 x)
2

0,5
f (x) = 0
x 5; x 2
. Ta c : f(2) = 6 3 , f(0) = f(5) = 0 0,5
Vy
x [0;5]
Max

f(x) = f(2) = 6 3 ,
x [0;5]
Min

f(x) = f(0) = 0
0,5
b (a b)(b c)(c a)(ab bc ca) 4 + +
(a b)(b c)(a c)(ab bc ca) 4 + +
(*). t v tri ca (*) l P
Nu ab + bc + ca < 0 th P 0 suy ra BT c chng minh
0,25
Nu ab + bc + ca 0 , t ab + bc + ca = x 0
3
(a-b)(b-c)
2
2
a b b c (a c)
2 4
+
_


,

(a - b)(b - c)(a - c)
3
(a c)
4

(1) 0,25
Ta c : 4(a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2
- ab - bc - ca) = 2(a - c)
2
+ 2(a - b)
2
+ 2(b - c)
2

2(a - c)
2
+ [(a - b) + (b - c)]
2
= 2(a - c)
2
+ (a - c)
2
= 3(a - c)
2
Suy ra 4(5 - x) 3(a - c)
2
,t y ta c x 5 v
4
a c (5 x)
3
(2) .
0,25
T (1) , (2) suy ra P
3
1 4
x. (5 x)
4 3
1

1
]
=
3
2 3
x (5 x)
9
(3)
Theo cu a ta c: f(x) =
3
x (5 x) 6 3 vi x thuc on [0; 5]
nn suy ra P
2 3
.6 3 P 4
9
. Vy (*) c chng minh.
Du bng xy ra khi a = 2; b = 1; c = 0
0,25
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