B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG -------S: 28/2011/TT-BTNMT

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM c lp - T do - Hnh phc ---------------H Ni, ngy 01 thng 8 nm 2011

THNG T QUY NH QUY TRNH K THUT QUAN TRC MI TRNG KHNG KH XUNG QUANH V TING N ___________________ B TRNG B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG Cn c Ngh nh s 25/2008/N-CP ngy 04 thng 3 nm 2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng, c sa i, b sung ti Ngh nh s 19/2010/N-CP ngy 08 thng 3 nm 2010 v Ngh nh s 89/2010/N-CP ngy 16 thng 8 nm 2010; Cn c Ngh nh s 102/2008/N-CP ngy 15 thng 9 nm 2008 ca Chnh ph v vic thu thp, qun l, khai thc v s dng d liu v ti nguyn v mi trng; Cn c Quyt nh s 16/2007/Q-TTg ngy 29 thng 01 nm 2007 ca Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt Quy hoch tng th mng li quan trc ti nguyn v mi trng quc gia n nm 2020; Xt ngh ca Tng cc trng Tng cc Mi trng, V trng V Khoa hc v Cng ngh v V trng V Php ch,

QUY NH: Chng I QUY NH CHUNG iu 1. Phm vi iu chnh Thng t ny quy nh v quy trnh k thut quan trc mi trng khng kh xung quanh v ting n, gm: xc nh mc tiu quan trc, thit k chng trnh quan trc v thc hin chng trnh quan trc. iu 2. i tng p dng 1. Thng t ny p dng vi cc i tng sau: a) Cc c quan qun l nh nc v mi trng Trung ng v a phng; cc trm, trung tm quan trc mi trng thuc mng li quan trc mi trng quc gia v mng li quan trc mi trng a phng;

b) Cc t chc c chc nng, nhim v v hot ng quan trc mi trng, hot ng dch v quan trc mi trng giao np bo co, s liu cho c quan qun l nh nc v mi trng Trung ng v a phng; 2. Thng t ny khng p dng cho hot ng quan trc mi trng khng kh xung quanh v ting n bng cc thit b t ng, lin tc. iu 3. Gii thch thut ng Trong Thng t ny, cc thut ng di y c hiu nh sau: 1. Khng kh xung quanh l khng kh ngoi tri m con ngi, thc vt, ng vt hoc vt liu c th tip xc vi n; 2. Bi: l h phn tn mn trong mi trng phn tn l pha kh, cn pha phn tn l cc ht rn c kch thc ln hn kch thc phn t v nh hn 100 mm. iu 4. Nguyn tc p dng cc tiu chun, phng php vin dn 1. Vic p dng cc tiu chun, phng php vin dn phi tun th theo cc tiu chun, phng php quan trc v phn tch c quy nh ti Chng II ca Thng t ny; 2. Trng hp cc tiu chun, phng php quan trc v phn tch quy nh ti Chng II ca Thng t ny sa i, b sung hoc thay th th p dng theo tiu chun, phng php mi. Chng II QUY TRNH K THUT QUAN TRC MI TRNG KHNG KH XUNG QUANH iu 5. Mc tiu quan trc Cc mc tiu c bn trong quan trc mi trng khng kh xung quanh l: 1. Xc nh mc nhim khng kh nh hng n sc kho cng ng theo cc tiu chun cho php hin hnh; 2. Xc nh nh hng ca cc ngun thi ring bit hay nhm cc ngun thi ti cht lng mi trng khng kh a phng; 3. Cung cp thng tin gip cho vic lp k hoch kim sot nhim v quy hoch pht trin cng nghip; 4. nh gi din bin cht lng mi trng khng kh theo thi gian v khng gian; 5. Cnh bo v nhim mi trng khng kh; 6. p ng cc yu cu ca cng tc qun l mi trng ca Trung ng v a phng. iu 6. Thit k chng trnh quan trc 2

Chng trnh quan trc sau khi thit k phi c cp c thm quyn hoc c quan qun l chng trnh quan trc ph duyt hoc chp thun bng vn bn. Vic thit k chng trnh quan trc mi trng khng kh xung quanh c th nh sau: 1. Kiu quan trc Cn c vo mc tiu quan trc, khi thit k chng trnh quan trc phi xc nh kiu quan trc l quan trc mi trng nn hay quan trc mi trng tc ng. 2. a im v v tr quan trc a) Vic xc nh a im, v tr quan trc mi trng khng kh xung quanh cn c vo mc tiu chng trnh quan trc; b) Trc khi la chn a im, v tr quan trc, phi iu tra, kho st cc ngun thi gy nhim mi trng khng kh xung quanh ti khu vc cn quan trc. Sau khi i kho st thc t v tr cc im quan trc c nh du trn s hoc bn ; c) Khi xc nh v tr cc im quan trc khng kh xung quanh phi ch : - iu kin thi tit: hng gi, tc gi, bc x mt tri, m, nhit khng kh; - iu kin a hnh: a hnh ni quan trc phi thun tin, thng thong v i din cho khu vc quan tm. Ti nhng ni c a hnh phc tp, v tr quan trc c xc nh ch yu theo cc iu kin pht tn cc b. 3. Thng s quan trc a) Trc tin phi tin hnh thu thp thng tin v kho st hin trng bit thng tin v a im quan trc (khu dn c, khu sn xut), loi hnh sn xut, cc v tr pht thi, ngun thi t la chn chnh xc cc thng s c trng v i din cho v tr quan trc; b) Cc thng s c bn c la chn nh gi cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh l: - Cc thng s bt buc o c ti hin trng: hng gi, tc gi, nhit , m tng i, p sut, bc x mt tri; - Cc thng s khc: lu hunh ioxit (SO2), nit ioxit (NO2), nit oxit (NOx), cacbon monoxit (CO), ozon (O3), bi l lng tng s (TSP), bi c kch thc nh hn hoc bng 10 m (PM10), ch (Pb); c) Cn c vo mc tiu v yu cu ca chng trnh quan trc, cn c th quan trc cc thng s theo QCVN 06: 2009/BTNMT. 4. Thi gian v tn sut quan trc a) Thi gian quan trc ph thuc vo cc yu t nh: - Mc tiu quan trc; 3

- Thng s quan trc; - Tnh hnh hot ng ca cc ngun thi bn trong v ln cn khu vc quan trc; - Yu t kh tng - Thit b quan trc; - Phng php quan trc c s dng l ch ng hay b ng; - Phng php x l s liu; - nhy ca phng php phn tch. b) Tn sut quan trc - Tn sut quan trc nn: ti thiu 01 ln/thng; - Tn sut quan trc tc ng: ti thiu 06 ln/nm. c) Lu khi xc nh tn sut quan trc: Khi c nhng thay i theo chu k ca cht lng khng kh, phi thit k khong thi gian ngn gia hai ln ly mu lin tip pht hin c nhng thay i ; 5. Lp k hoch quan trc Lp k hoch quan trc cn c vo chng trnh quan trc, bao gm cc ni dung sau: a) Danh sch nhn lc thc hin quan trc v phn cng nhim v cho tng cn b tham gia; b) Danh sch cc t chc, c nhn tham gia, phi hp thc hin quan trc mi trng (nu c); c) Danh mc trang thit b, dng c, ha cht quan trc ti hin trng v phn tch trong phng th nghim; d) Phng tin, thit b bo h, bo m an ton lao ng cho hot ng quan trc mi trng; ) Cc loi mu cn ly, th tch mu v thi gian lu mu; e) Phng php phn tch trong phng th nghim; g) Kinh ph thc hin quan trc mi trng;

h) K hoch thc hin bo m cht lng v kim sot cht lng trong quan trc mi trng. iu 7. Thc hin quan trc Vic t chc thc hin chng trnh quan trc gm cc cng vic sau: 1. Cng tc chun b Trc khi tin hnh quan trc cn thc hin cng tc chun b nh sau: a) Chun b ti liu, cc bn , s , thng tin chung v khu vc nh ly mu; b) Theo di iu kin kh hu, din bin thi tit; c) Chun b cc dng c, thit b cn thit; kim tra, v sinh v hiu chun cc thit b v dng c ly mu, o, th trc khi ra hin trng; d) Chun b ho cht, vt t, dng c phc v ly mu v bo qun mu; ) Chun b nhn mu, cc biu mu, nht k quan trc v phn tch theo quy nh; e) Chun b cc phng tin phc v hot ng ly mu v vn chuyn mu; g) Chun b cc thit b bo h, bo m an ton lao ng; h) Chun b kinh ph v nhn lc quan trc; i) Chun b c s lu tr cho cc cn b cng tc di ngy; k) Chun b cc ti liu, biu mu c lin quan khc. 2. Ly mu, o v phn tch ti hin trng a) Ti v tr ly mu, tin hnh o cc thng s kh tng (nhit , m, p sut kh quyn, tc gi v hng gi) ti hin trng; b) Cn c vo vo mc tiu cht lng s liu, phng php o, phn tch v ly mu khng kh phi tun theo mt trong cc phng php quy nh ti Bng 1 di y: Bng 1. Phng php o, phn tch v ly mu khng kh ti hin trng STT 1 SO2 Thng s S hiu tiu chun, phng php TCVN 7726:2007 (ISO10498:2004); TCVN 5971:1995 (ISO 6767:1990);

 TCVN 5978:1995 (ISO 4221:1980). 2 3 4 CO NO2 O3 TCVN 5972:1995 (ISO 8186:1989) TCVN 6137:2009 (ISO 6768:1998) TCVN 6157:1996 (ISO 10313:1993); TCVN 7171:2002 (ISO 13964:1998) 5 6 7 Ch bi Bi Cc thng s kh tng TCVN 6152:1996 (ISO 9855:1993) TCVN 5067:1995 Theo cc quy nh quan trc kh tng ca Tng cc Kh tng Thu vn. Theo cc hng dn s dng thit b quan trc kh tng ca cc hng sn xut. b) Khi cha c cc tiu chun quc gia v o, phn tch v ly mu khng kh ti hin trng ti Bng 1 Thng t ny th p dng tiu chun quc t quy nh ti Bng 1 hoc p dng tiu chun quc t khc c chnh xc tng ng hoc cao hn; c) Cng tc bo m cht lng v kim sot cht lng ti hin trng thc hin theo cc vn bn, quy nh ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v hng dn bo m cht lng v kim sot cht lng trong quan trc mi trng. 3. Bo qun v vn chuyn mu a) Phng php lu gi mu phi ph hp vi thng s quan trc v k thut phn tch mu ti phng th nghim. Mu ly xong phi phn tch ngay, nu khng th mu phi c bo qun lnh nhit 5oC khng qu 24 gi; b) i vi cc mu ly theo phng php hp th, dung dch hp th c chuyn vo l thu tinh c nt chc chn, t trong gi xp, chn cn thn vo thng bo qun lnh; c) i vi mu CO, ly theo phng php thay th th tch, dng c ng mu phi c sp xp gn gng, khng chn ln nhau hoc b cc vt khc ln nhm trnh b v v hn ch r r; d) i vi mu bi, mu c cho vo bao kp, ng np bao cn thn, xp vo hp kn v bo qun iu kin thng; 4. Phn tch trong phng th nghim a) Cn c vo mc tiu cht lng s liu v iu kin phng th nghim, vic phn tch cc thng s phi tun theo mt trong cc phng php quy nh trong Bng 2 di y:

Bng 2. Phng php phn tch cc thng s trong phng th nghim STT 1 SO2 Thng s S hiu tiu chun, phng php TCVN 5971:1995 (ISO 6767:1990); TCVN 5978:1995 (ISO 4221:1980) 2 CO TCVN 5972:1995 (ISO 8186:1989); TCVN 7725:2007 (ISO 4224:2000) 3 NO2 TCVN 6137:2009 (ISO 6768:1998); TCVN 6138:1996 (ISO 7996:1985) 4 5 Ch bi Bi TCVN 6152:1996 (ISO 9855:1993) TCVN 5067:1995

b) Khi cha c cc tiu chun quc gia xc nh gi tr ca cc thng s quy nh ti Bng 2 Thng t ny th p dng tiu chun quc t quy nh ti Bng 2 hoc cc tiu chun quc t khc c chnh xc tng ng hoc cao hn; c) Cng tc bo m cht lng v kim sot cht lng trong phng th nghim thc hin theo cc vn bn, quy nh ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v hng dn bo m cht lng v kim sot cht lng trong quan trc mi trng. 5. X l s liu v bo co a) X l s liu - Kim tra s liu: kim tra tng hp v tnh hp l ca s liu quan trc v phn tch mi trng. Vic kim tra da trn h s ca mu (bin bn, nht k ly mu ti hin trng, bin bn giao nhn mu, bin bn kt qu o, phn tch ti hin trng, biu ghi kt qu phn tch trong phng th nghim,) s liu ca mu QC (mu trng, mu lp, mu chun,); - X l thng k: Cn c theo lng mu v ni dung ca bo co, vic x l thng k c th s dng cc phng php v cc phn mm khc nhau nhng phi c cc thng k miu t ti thiu (gi tr nh nht, gi tr ln nht, gi tr trung bnh, s gi tr vt chun...); - Bnh lun v s liu: vic bnh lun s liu phi c thc hin trn c s kt qu quan trc, phn tch x l, kim tra v cc tiu chun, quy chun k thut c lin quan. b) Bo co kt qu Sau khi kt thc chng trnh quan trc, bo co kt qu quan trc phi c lp v gi c quan nh nc c thm quyn theo quy nh.

Chng III QUY TRNH K THUT QUAN TRC TING N iu 8. Mc tiu quan trc Cc mc tiu c bn trong quan trc ting n l: 1. Xc nh mc n nh hng n sc kho cng ng theo cc tiu chun cho php hin hnh; 2. Xc nh nh hng ca cc ngun gy ting n ring bit hay nhm cc ngun gy ting n; 3. Cung cp thng tin gip cho vic lp k hoch kim sot ting n; 4. nh gi din bin nhim n theo thi gian v khng gian; 5. Cnh bo v nhim ting n; 6. p ng cc yu cu ca cng tc qun l mi trng ca Trung ng v a phng. iu 9. Thit k v thc hin chng trnh quan trc 1. a im quan trc ting n a) Quy chun k thut quc gia QCVN 26: 2010/BTNMT quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n quy nh gii hn ti a cc mc n ti cc khu vc c con ngi sinh sng, hot ng v lm vic; ting n trong quy chun ny l ting n do hot ng ca con ngi to ra khng phn bit loi ngun gy ting n, v tr pht sinh ting n. b) Cc khu vc phi o ting n bao gm: - Khu vc cn c bit yn tnh: bnh vin, th vin, nh iu dng, nh tr, trng hc; - Khu dn c, khch sn, nh , c quan hnh chnh; - Khu vc thng mi, dch v; - Khu vc sn xut nm xen k trong khu dn c. c) La chn v tr im quan trc ting n theo tiu chun quc gia TCVN 5964:1995. Trong , phi lu cc im sau: - V tr la chn phi c trng cho khu vc cn quan trc (phi c to xc nh); - Trnh cc vt cn gy phn x m; - Trnh cc ngun gy nhiu nhn to: ting nhc, ting va p ca kim loi, tr em n a...; 8

- Chn v tr o sao cho c s truyn m n nh nht vi thnh phn gi thi khng i t ngun n v tr o. d) i vi cc c s sn xut cng nghip phi tin hnh quan trc ti cc v tr lm vic quy nh trong tiu chun quc gia TCVN 3985:1999. 2. Thng s quan trc Cc thng s trong quan trc ting n gm: a) LAeq mc m tng ng; b) LAmax mc m tng ng cc i; c) LAN,T mc phn trm; d) Phn tch ting n cc di tn s 1 cta (ti cc khu cng nghip); ) Cng dng xe (i vi ting n giao thng). 3. Thi gian v tn sut quan trc a) Tn sut quan trc Tn sut quan trc ting n c xc nh tu thuc vo yu cu ca c quan qun l chng trnh quan trc, kinh ph v mc ch ca chng trnh quan trc nhng ti thiu phi l 04 ln/nm. b) Thi gian quan trc - i vi ting n ti cc khu vc quy nh v ting n giao thng: o lin tc 12, 18 hoc 24 gi tu theo yu cu; - i vi ting n ti cc c s sn xut, phi tin hnh o trong gi lm vic; - Do cc mc m b nh hng bi cc iu kin thi tit, v vy, khi chn thi gian quan trc ting n phi ch cc im sau: + Cc khong thi gian o c chn sao cho trong khong mc m trung bnh c xc nh trong mt di cc iu kin thi tit xut hin cc v tr o; + Cc khong thi gian o c chn sao cho cc php o c tin hnh trong iu kin thi tit tht c trng. 4. Thit b quan trc a) Thit b quan trc c s dng theo tiu chun quc gia TCVN 5964:1995;

b) Thit b c s dng l cc my o ting n tch phn c km theo b phn tch tn s. Trng hp khng c my o ting n tch phn th o bng my o mc m tip xc trong cc khong thi gian phi c ghi li v dng phng php phn b thng k tnh LAeq,T :

Trong - T = ti: l tng cc khong thi gian cn ly mu; - ti : l thi gian tc dng ca mc n LAi; (ng vi thi gian o th i); - LAi: l mc m theo c tnh A tn ti trong khong thi gian ti; - n: l s ln o mc n. c) m bo cht lng quan trc, thit b o ting n phi c chun theo b pht m chun mc m 94 v 104 dBA trc mi t quan trc v nh k c kim chun ti cc c quan c chc nng kim chun thit b. 5. Phng php quan trc Phng php v khong thi gian quan trc c la chn theo tiu chun quc gia TCVN 5964:1995 v TCVN 5965:1995. a) Cc php o Khi thc hin cc php o ngoi tri phi gim phn x m n ti thiu. Cc php o phi thc hin cch cu trc phn x m t nht 3,5 mt khng k mt t. Khi khng c quy nh khc th cao tin hnh o l 1,2-1,5 mt so vi mt t. b) Cc php o ngoi tri gn cc nh cao tng Cc php o ny c thc hin cc v tr m ting n i vi nh cao tng cn c quan tm. Nu khng c ch nh g khc th v tr cc php o tt nht l cch ta nh 12 mt v cch mt t t 1,2-1,5 mt. c) Cc php o ting n giao thng - cao tin hnh o l 1,2-1,5 mt so vi mt t; - Phi gim phn x m n ti thiu;

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- Phi trnh cc ngun ting n gy nhiu nh hng ti php o. d) Cc php o trong nh - Cc php o ny thc hin bn trong hng ro, m ting n c quan tm. Nu khng c ch nh khc, cc v tr o cch cc tng hoc b mt phn x khc t nht 1 mt, cch mt sn t 1,2-1,5 mt v cch cc ca s khong 1,5 mt; cch ngun gy n khong 7,5 mt; - Khi o ting n ti ni lm vic do cc my cng nghip gy ra phi o ting n theo tn s di 1:1 cta (theo tiu chun quc gia TCVN 3985:1999). ) Cc im phi lu - Khong thi gian o lin tc ca mi php o l 10 pht, trong vng 1 gi tin hnh 3 php o, sau ly gi tr trung bnh ca 3 php o. Kt qu thu c coi nh gi tr trung bnh ca gi o ; - i vi ting n giao thng do dng xe gy ra, ngoi vic o ting n th phi xc nh cng dng xe (xe/gi) bng phng php m th cng hoc thit b t ng. Phi tin hnh phn loi cc loi xe trong dng xe, bao gm: + Xe cc ln (xe contain v trn 10 bnh); + Xe ti v xe khch; + Xe con (di 12 ch ngi); + M t, xe my. - Khi o mc ting n theo di 1:1 cta, thao tc cng tng t, nhng ch sau khi t thi gian, phi t ch o theo tn s di 1:1 cta. 6. X l s liu v bo co a) X l s liu - Kim tra s liu: kim tra tng hp v tnh hp l ca s liu quan trc ting n. Vic kim tra da trn h s quan trc (bin bn, nht k, kt qu o ti hin trng, ); - X l thng k: cn c theo s lng kt qu o v ni dung ca bo co, vic x l thng k c th s dng cc phng php v cc phn mm khc nhau nhng phi c cc thng k miu t ti thiu (gi tr nh nht, gi tr ln nht, gi tr trung bnh, s gi tr vt chun...); - Bnh lun v s liu: vic bnh lun s liu phi c thc hin trn c s kt qu quan trc x l, kim tra v cc tiu chun, quy chun k thut c lin quan.

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b) Bo co kt qu Sau khi kt thc chng trnh quan trc, bo co kt qu quan trc ting n phi c lp v gi c quan nh nc c thm quyn theo quy nh. Phn IV T CHC THC HIN iu 10. T chc thc hin 1. Tng cc Mi trng c trch nhim hng dn, kim tra, gim st vic thc hin Thng t ny; 2. B trng, Th trng c quan ngang B, Th trng c quan thuc Chnh ph, Ch tch U ban nhn dn cc cp v t chc, c nhn c lin quan chu trch nhim thc hin Thng t ny. iu 11. Hiu lc thi hnh 1. Thng t ny c hiu lc k t ngy 15 thng 9 nm 2011. 2. Trong qu trnh thc hin Thng t ny, nu c kh khn, vng mc ngh cc c quan, t chc, c nhn phn nh v B Ti nguyn v Mi trng (qua Tng cc Mi trng) kp thi xem xt, gii quyt./. Ni nhn: - Th tng Chnh ph v cc Ph Th tng Chnh ph; - Vn phng Quc hi; - Vn phng Ch tch nc; - Vn phng Chnh ph; - Vn phng Trung ng v cc Ban ca ng; - Ta n nhn dn ti cao; - Vin Kim st nhn dn ti cao; - Cc B, c quan ngang B, c quan thuc Chnh ph; - Kim ton Nh nc; - y ban Trung ng Mt trn T quc Vit Nam; - C quan Trung ng ca cc on th; - HND, UBND cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng; - Cc kim tra vn bn QPPL (B T php); - Cc Th trng B TN&MT; - Cc n v trc thuc B TN&MT, Website ca B; - S TN&MT cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng; KT. B TRNG TH TRNG

Bi Cch Tuyn

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- Cc n v trong mng li quan trc mi trng quc gia; - Cng bo, Cng Thng tin in t Chnh ph; - Lu: VT, KHCN, PC, TCMT (QTMT). 300

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