LI CM N Li u tin em xin chn thnh cm n qu thy c khoa kinh t trng i Hc Nha Trang truyn t kin thc cng nh kinh

h nghim qu bu gip ch cho em trong bn nm hc qua. Li cm n su sc n cc thy c trong b mn QTKD nhit tnh hng dn v gip em trong sut thi gian va qua em c th hon thnh t thc tp gio trnh ny. Qua y em cng xin cm n Ban Gim c cng ty cng cc c, ch phng T Chc hnh chnh, phng kinh doanh. Anh, ch t bn hng to iu kin thun li cung cp s liu v thng tin cn thit gip em trong sut thigian thc tp ti cng ty v gip em c kin thc v kinh nghim thc t. Mt ln na em xin chn thnh cm n! Nha Trang, ngy thng nm 2011 Sinh vin thc tp. L TH HNG HUYN

LI M U I. S cn thit, mc ch, ngha, i tng, phm vi nghin cu, v phng php nghin cu ca ti. 1. S cn thit, ngha ca ti. Ngnh Thy sn Vit Nam c s pht trin mnh m trong nhng nm va qua, v c xem l ngnh kinh t mi nhn trong nn kinh t quc dn, hng thy sn Vit Nam ngy cng chim v tr cao trn th trng quc t. C nc c khong 700 nh my ch bin thy sn quy m cng nghip. Mt hng thy sn ca Vit Nam cng v ang c mt nhiu quc gia v vng lnh th trn th gii. Bn cnh nhng thnh cng t c, ngnh cng ang phi i mt vi nhng thch thc ng k trong vic m bo tnh cnh tranh cng nh tnh bn vng ca ngnh. Vic thiu nguyn liu trong qu trnh sn xut th s lm cho qu trnh sn xut b gin on hoc khng th tin hnh c. iu ny i hi cc doanh nghip ch bin cn phi ch trng n cng tc thu mua nguyn vt liu c th p ng c ngun u vo sn xut. Thm vo l nguyn liu thy sn mang tnh ma v. Ngun li ven b ngy cng cn kit, cn thy sn t nui trng lun phi chu nh hng ca thi tit, dich bnh, mi trng b nhim,kh khn tip ni kh khn. i ph vi vn ny th cc doanh nghip t chc mng li thu mua nguyn liu trn khp c nc. Khng ch vy cn c nhiu doanh nghip buc phi nhp khu nguyn liu ca nc ngoi m bo cho sn xut nh: Cng ty Aqrex SaiGon, v Cng ty Saigon Food, i vi cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods_F17 cng khng nm ngoi vng xoy ny, cng lun gp kh khn trong cng tc thu mua nguyn liu. Cng ty lun ra nhng chin lc tt nht c c ngun nguyn liu p ng quy trnh sn xut. Nhn thc c s cn thit ca vn ny nn em chn ti: mt s bin php nhm y mnh cng tc thu mua nguyn liu thy sn ti cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 . 2. i tng v phm vi nghin cu ca ti.

 ti nghin cu v cng tc thu mua nguyn liu v cc nhn t nh hng n cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 t nm 2008 n 2010. 3. Mc ch nghin cu: Nhm b sung v nng cao kin thc v cng tc thu mua nguyn liu thy sn. Thy c vai tr ca nguyn liu thy sn trong qu trnh sn xut ca ngnh thy sn Hiu thm v thc trng cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17, t a ra bin php gii quyt nhm y mnh cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty. 4. Phng php nghin cu: II. Phng php thng k. Phng php phn tch, nh gi tng hp. Phng php phn tch, nh gi theo thi gian. Dn bi chi tit:

Dn bi gm 3 chng: Chng I: Phn tng hp (gii thiu v cng ty) Chng II: C s l thuyt chung. Chng III: Thc trng hot ng thu mua ca cng ty c phn Nha Trang SeafoodsF17. Chng IV: nh gi v mt s gii php v hot ng thu mua ca cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17. Nha Trang, ngy thng nm 2011. Sinh vin thc hin. L TH HNG HUYN

PHN I BO CO TNG HP 1.1 . GII THIU KHI QUT V CNG TY: Tn cng ty: Tr s chnh: in thoi: Fax: Email: EU.code: Gim c: Logo cng ty: CNG TY C PHN NHA TRANG SEAFOODS-F17. 58B ng 2/4, Vnh Hi, Nha Trang, Khnh Ha. (085)831041 831493 240026 831033 831040. (84-58)831034 831032. ntsf@dng.vnn.vn ; nhatrangseafoods@vnn.vn DL17 DL90 DL394. Ng Vn ch.

Ngnh ngh kinh doanh chnh: ch bin v xut khu thy sn.

1.1.1.

QU TRNH HNH THNH V PHT TRIN:

Cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 trc y l x nghip ng lnh Nha Trang c UBND tnh Ph Khnh (nay l tnh Khnh Ha) ra quyt nh thnh lp vo ngy 10/11/1976. Thng 8/1978 Cng ty ri c s sn xut t 51 v 55 L Thnh Tn Nha Trang ti a im mi ti 58B Vnh Hi Nha Trang. p ng nhu cu m rng sn xut kinh doanh ng thi hn ch tnh trng nhim mi trng. X nghip ng lnh Nha Trang l n v hch ton c lp theo ngh nh s 388/HBT, l doanh nghip nh nc thnh lp theo thng bo s 2313 TS/TB ngy 8/12/1992 ca B Thy Sn.

Ngy 14/12/1993 X nghip i tn thnh cng ty ch bin thy sn xut khu Nha Trang v tn giao dch nc ngoi l Nha Trang Seaproduct company, vit tt l Nha Trang Seafoods. Ngy 06/08/2004 Cng ty chnh thc i tn thnh cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods F17, tn giao dch vi nc ngoi l Nha Trang Seafoods.

Quang cnh ca cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17. Cng ty c vn s hu ca Nh nc chim 49% v cc c ng l cn b cng nhn vin s hu 51%. Thng 12/2004, 49% c phn ca Nh nc cng c bn u gi ra ngoi v t u nm 2005, cng ty hot ng vi 100% vn ca cc c ng l t nhn. Tri qua 35 nm xy dng v pht trin vi bao kh khn cng vi s n lc c gng khng ngng ca Ban lnh o v ton th cng nhn vin chc n nay cng ty tr thnh mt trong nhng doanh nghip ch cht ca ngnh thy sn Khnh Ha v c uy tn trn th trng. tn ti v pht trin trong nn kinh t th trng y cnh tranh nh ngy hm nay th cng ty khng ngng nng cao cht lng, ci tin mu m v a dnh ha sn phm. Cng ty p dng h thng qun l cht lng theo tiu chun HACCP, m bo v sinh theo tiu chun Vit Nam v quc t. T nm 2000 n nay h thng qun l cht lng ca cng ty c t

chc quc t BVQI Vng quc Anh cp chng nhn t tiu chun quc t ISO 90012000. Vi nhng n lc khng ngng y th cng ty vinh d c Nh nc tng thng mt hun chng Loa ng hng Nht (nm 1996), hai hun chng Lao ng hng Nh(nm 1985 v nm 1994), v mt hun chng lao ng hng Ba (nm 1981). V c B Thng Mi tng thng danh hiu n v xut khu tin tin lin tc trong cc nm 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Cng ty c 3 nh my ch bin t ti Nha Trang l DL17, DL90, DL394, mt nh my ti Cn Th DL461 vi kinh ph xy dng 151 t ng, nng sut 300 500 tn/ngy, mt nh my ti Kin Giang DL440 kinh ph xy dng 19 t ng cng sut 30 tn/ngy. Sn phm xut khu vo th trng Chu u, Hn Quc, 3 siu th bn sn phm ni a, mt ca hng bn thit b vt t thy sn, v mt nh hng Nha Trang Seafoods. Sn phm chnh: Hot ng kinh doanh ch bin xut khu thy sn l hot ng ch yu. Trong sn phm chnh gm cc loi tm, mc, c, gh ng lnh; cc loi hi sn kh v tm gia v. Nng lc sn xut: o Doanh s xut khu bnh qun ca cng ty t 30 triu USD vi sn lng vo khong 5000 tn mi nm o Cng sut cp ng 60 tn/ngy, cng sut kho lnh trn 3000 tn. o C i ng lao ng trn 1700 ngi. Cng ty lun khng nh v th ca mnh khng ch i vi khch hng trong nc m cn i vi khch hng nc ngoi.in hnh l cng ty tham gia cc hi ch trin lm v khng ngng qung b, khng nh thm tn tui ca mnh vi bn b trong nc v quc t qua mt s gii thng nh sau: o Nm 2000: ti hi ch trin lm Vietfish, cng ty c tng mt huy chng vng vi mt ruc kh v c gy ct khc xuyn que. o Nm 2002: t gii thng thng nin th 3 ca Darden Restaurant Amanda Food trao tng cho i tc cung cp nguyn liu ln v m bo cht lng ca mt hng ny ti hi ch trin lm Vietfish 2002.

o Nm 2005: t Huy chng vng v sn phm thy sn cht lng cao cho mt hng Cocktail Shirmp and Sauce ti hi ch trin lm quc t thy sn Vit Nam Vietfish 2005. o Nm 2006: t huy chng vng sn phm thy sn cht lng cao cho mt hng Bch tuc ct v Mc ng ct khoanh trung ng lnh. o Nm 2008: t huy chng vng cho mt hng tm th tht xin que ng lnh ti hi ch trin lm Vietfish 2008. Th trng xut khu chnh: M, EU,Nht, c, Hn Quc, Canada, Hng Kng, Malaisia, Ai Cp, i Loan. Sn phm xut khu chnh : Cc loi tm, mc, c, gh ng lnh; cc loi hi sn kh v tm gia v; c th: o Tm s, tm th, tm st: HOSO, HLSO, PTO, PTO Butterfly,Round Cut, PTO Cooked, PTO Cocktail Sauce, PD, PD Cooked, o C R phi, C ng i dng, c ng sc da, c thu, c c kim, c c gn, c sn la, c dm trng, c gy, c hng, c m, c m v cc loi c khc vi dng sn phm: Nguyn con, Fillet,Loin, Portion, Steak, Cube, xng CO, o Gh : Nguyn con, Mnh, Tht sng, Tht chn, Tht nhi mai, tht bc cng gh, Tht chn thanh trng, o Mc : Mc nang nguyn con lm sch, mc nang Sashimi, mc nang Sushi, mc ng ct khoanh trng, mc ng ct khoanh ti, mc ng tube, o Bch tuc : Nguyn con lm sch, Ct khc sng v chn. o Hi sn kh, tm gia v : Ruc kh, mc kh cn da v lt da, mc tm; c cc loi kh v tm gia v (c mai, b da, lit ch, sn thc,..) 1.1.2. CHC NNG, NHIM V V LNH VC HOT NG CH YU: a. Chc nng: nh bt, nui trng, ch bin thy sn; Ch bin thc phm. Kinh doanh dch v khch sn, nh hng. Xy dng v kinh doanh a c.

Vn ti hng ha, hnh khch. Sn xut, gia cng, lp t my, thit b cng nghip v thit b lnh. Mua bn my mc thit b v vt t. Khai thc nc khong nng. Mua bn ru, thuc l iu sn xut trong nc.

b. Nhim v: o T chc thu mua nguyn liu, tip nhn v ch bin nguyn liu thy sn theo ng quy nh ch bin hng xut khu, m bo s lng, cht lng v thi gian giao hng. o Thc hin nghim tc cc hp ng kinh t theo ng quy nh hin hnh, m bo gi ch tn vi khch hng. o Thc hin hch ton kinh t v bo co thng xuyn, trung thc theo ng quy nh qun l ti chnh, qun l xut khu ca nh nc. o m bo thc hin ngha v np ngn sch Nh nc, v sn xut hiu qu ti u t v to ra li tc cho cc c ng. o Nng cao cht lng sn xut, chuyn mn ha v ng dng khoa hc cng ngh vo trong sn xut t hiu qu tt nht. o Chm lo i sng cho cng nhn vin ton cng ty, tng bc n nh v ci thin i sng vt cht cng nh tinh thn cho cn b cng nhn vin. o Thc hin tt cng tc bo v mi trng, bo v an ninh chnh tr v lm trn ngha v quc phng. c. Nguyn tc hot ng: o Cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 hot ng theo phng thc hch ton kinh doanh c lp. o Bo tn v pht trin vn c giao, gii quyt cc vn trong cng ty, cc mi quan h gia li ch c nhn v tp th trong khun kh php lut. o Thc hin theo nguyn tc tp trung dn ch,iu hnh v sn xut kinh doanh theo ng nh hng kinh doanh, trn c s quyn lm ch ca cn b cng nhn vin trong cng ty, khng ngng nng cao hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh theo ng nh hng pht trin kinh t ca ng v Nh nc.

1.1.3. C CU T CHC QUN L KINH DOANH: Vi tnh hnh x hi ngy mt pht trin nh ngy nay th cng tc qun l cng quan trng hn. Vic t chc b my qun l l mt iu cp thit i vi doanh nghip ni chung v cng ty ni ring l vn khng th thiu, nht l trong mi trng y bin ng nh th ny. Chnh v l m cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 c c mt my qun l v sn xut tng i tt vi s phi hp chc ch gia cc phng ban. 1.1.3.1. S qun l ca cng ty:

S 1: s qun l cng ty

1.1.3.2.

Chc nng, nhim v ca tng b phn: i hi ng c ng: Gm tt c cc c ng, l c quan c thm quyn quyt nh cao nht ca cng ty c phn. V vy n c nhim v thng qua cc bo co ca Hi ng qun tr v tnh hnh hot ng kinh doanh, quyt nh cc chin lc, phng n, nhim v sn xut kinh doanh v u t, tin hnh tho lun v b sung, sa i iu l ca cng ty, bu v ni nhim Hi ng qun tr, Ban kim sot v quyt nh b my t chc ca cng ty. Hi ng qun tr (HQT): L c quan qun l cao nht ca cng ty gia hai k i hi c ng,c ton quyn nhn danh cng ty gii quyt mi vn lin quan n mc ch v quyn li ca cng ty, tr nhng vn thuc thm quyn ca i hi ng c ng. Hi ng qun tr c quyn v ngha v gim st hot ng ca Tng gim c v nhng cn b qun l khc trong cng ty. Ban gim c:

Gim c: L ngi i din theo php lut ca cng ty,iu hnh hot ng sn xut kinh doanh, thi hnh cc ngh quyt v quyt nh ca i hi ng c ng, Hi ng qun tr theo nhim v v quyn hn c giao, chu trch nhim trc hi ng qun tr v vic t chc, qun l iu hnh cc hot ng ca cng ty v: Hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. Qun l ngun u vo v u ra ca cng ty trong th trng ni a cng nh l xut khu. Quan h vi khch hng trong v ngoi nc, k kt nhng hp ng kinh t, chu trch nhim khi hot ng kinh doanh km hiu qu. Trnh bo quyt ton hng nm ln hi ng qun tr. Ph gim c: L cnh tay t lc ca gim c, do gim c ngh hi ng qun tr thng qua, chu trch nhim trc gim c v nhim v m gim c phn cng. c quyn quyt nh cc cng vic m gim c y quyn v trc tip gii quyt cng vic m gim c quy nh.

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Thay mt gim c gii quyt cc cng vic theo giy y nhim ca gim c khi gim c i vng. Cc phng ban chc nng gm phng T chc lao ng tin lng, phng Ti v k ton, phng Kinh doanh xut nhp khu, v Trung tm KCS-K thut in lnh. Phng T chc lao ng tin lng ca cng ty c nhim v xy dng v thc hin cc chnh sch lin quan n vic qun l nhn s ca cng ty: cng tc tuyn dng, o to v pht trin ngun nhn lc, cng tc quy hoch v b nhim cn b, iu chuyn nhn vin, cng tc gii quyt chnh sch ch v cc hot ng phc li khc phc v cho ngi lao ng. Phng Kinh doanh xut nhp khu c nhim v tm kim v pht trin th trng, giao dch vi khch hng, lp hp ng tham mu cho gim c vic k kt cc hp ng mua bn, lp cc chng t th tc hi quan xut hng, qun l v iu hnh hiu qu cc phng tin, p ng nhu cu bo qun v vn chuyn hng ha nh kho lnh, xe ti lnh. Phng Ti v k ton c nhim v qun l v iu hnh cng tc thu chi, quyt ton ti chnh ton cng ty theo ng Lut k ton Vit Nam, tp hp chng t ca cc nh my v hch ton li l nh k hng thng, qu, nm theo quy nh chung, thc hin cc cng tc qun l ti chnh khc theo yu cu ca Gim c cng ty. Trung tm KCS-K thut in lnh gm mt phn xng c in lnh v ba phng: phng KCS, phng th nghim v phng k thut it lnh, c nhim v iu hnh h thng qun l cht lng sn phm, xy dng v kim tra vic thc hin cc quy trnh sn xut sn phm p ng yu cu tiu chun cht l ng ra, qun l cng tc vn hnh, bo tr, bo dng h thng my mc thit b phc v cho vic sn xut sn phm. Cc n v trc thuc cng ty: Nh my ch bin thy sn 17: c hai phn xng l phn xng ch bin chuyn sn xut thy sn ng lnh, phn xng c sn chuyn sn xut thy sn kh v tm gia v.

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 Nh my ch bin thy sn 90: ch c mt phn xng ch bin t ti Bnh Tn- Nha Trang, chuyn sn xut c thy sn ng lnh ln thy sn kh v tm gia v. Nh hng Nha Trang Seafoods-F17: l ni kinh doanh n ung, v gii thiu sn phm ca cng ty vi khch hng trong nc v nc ngoi. cng l ni thu thp nhng phn hi t pha khch hng v qung co thng hiu rng ri hn cho cng ty. 1.1.4. 1.1.4.1. THUN LI, KH KHN V PHNG HNG PHT TRIN TRONG THI GIAN TI: Thun li: 1.1.4.2. Nm trn khu vc c tim nng pht trin thy sn cao v ngun ti nguyn di do, a dng. Ngun lao ng di do, nhit tnh v c thc cao trong cng vic. Cng ty to c uy tn cao khng nhng i vi khch hng, bn hng trong nc m c c khch hng v bn hng quc t. Nhu cu thy sn ngy cng tng v ngnh thy sn cng l ngnh kinh t mi nhn ang c Nh nc quan tm v u t. Sn phm ngy cng a dng v phong ph v chng loi nhm p ng nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng trong nc v xut khu. Kh khn: Cuc khng hong kinh t th gii trong nhng nm va qua nh hng n nhiu lnh vc trong i sng kinh t ni chung v xut khu ni ring. M cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 l mt cng ty xut khu nn cng khng trnh khi nh hng ny. V vy m trong giai on ny cng ty cng gp khng t kh khn lin quan n xut khu sang th trng M, EU, Nht(l nhng ni b nh hng nng n t cuc khng hong). V th trng nguyn liu: cng tc thu mua nguyn vt liu ngy cng gp nhiu kh khn do th trng nguyn liu bp bnh, do mi trng suy thoi, thi tit tht thng, mi trng nhim v dch bnh xut hin ngy cng nhiu lm cho ngun nguyn liu khng n nh, cht lng gim st.

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V s cnh tranh: s cnh tranh ngy cng khc lit, cc cng ty thy sn ngy cng nhiu nhng ngun nguyn liu ngy cng hn hp. Thm vo l s cnh tranh v cht lng, gi c, mu m gia cc cng ty trong ngnh thy sn.

Cng ty cha c b phn chuyn trch v marketing nn cng tc nghin cu th trng cha hiu qu, sn phm ca cng ty dng s ch, t c mt hng cao cp.

1.1.4.3.

Th trng th gii c nhiu bin ng, thi tit din bin phc tp lm cho th trng tiu th sn phm gim ng k.

Phng hng pht trin trong thi gian ti: Phng hng hot ng trong thi gian ti nh sau: Thc hin k hoch: Phn u li nhun nm sau phi bng hoc vt hn so vi nm nay Tp trung y mnh pht trin th trng ch lc v tim nng l M v EU. y l hai th trng ch lc ca cng ty.Vn duy tr v pht trin cc sn lng trn cc th trng truyn thng nh Nht Bn, i Loan(l hai th trng tim nng mang li li nhun ln cho cng ty), v cng pht trin thm sang mt s th trng mi nh Hn Quc, Canada, Hong Kong, Malaisia, Ai Cp, c. Tng cng thit lp mi quan h vi nh cung cp nhm m bo ngun nguyn liu u vo cho cng ty, c bit l trong lc tri ma. Nng cao hot ng marketing cho cng ty v phn u thnh lp mt b phn marketing trong cng ty. Hon thin hn website ca cng ty, v l cng c thit thc h tr vic qung b hnh nh v sn phm ca cng ty ti khch hng trong nc v quc t. M rng v nng cao im bn hng ni a a sn phm ca cng ty n tay khch hng d dng hn. Nghin cu thm nhiu chng loi sn phm a dng ha sn phm, p ng nhu cu th trng v xut khu (nh cc sn phm tm gia v, sn phm sy kh..) Xy dng v duy tr h thng, quy trnh sn xut theo cc tiuchun HACCP, ISO, m bo cht lng sn phm.

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u t thm nhiu my mc thit b, xy dng nhiu nh my, ch ng ngun nguyn liu phc v sn xut xut, y mnh tn tui thng hiu n cc vngmin, (chng hn nh xy 2 nh my Kin Giang v Cn Th ch bin xut khu sn phm c tra, c ba sa).

1.2. 1.2.1. 1.2.1.1. 1.2.1.1.1.

To mi trng lm vic tt hn cho ngi lao ng, o to ngun nhn lc tn ty vi ngh nghip, sn sng chp nhn th thch mi trong cng vic. THC TRNG HOT NG KINH DOANH CA CNG TY TRONG

THI GIAN QUA: MI TRNG KINH DOANH CA CNG TY: MI TRNG V M: Mi trng kinh t: Sau nhiu nm gia nhp WTO th nc ta giao lu v bun bn vi cc nc bn rt nhiu. V vy m cc cng ty cn phi trang b cho mnh nhng kin thc nht nh v kinh t c bit l i vi cc cng ty xut khu nh Nha Trang Seafoods-F17. Chnh nhng kin thc s phn no cho cng ty bit c s nh hng ca mnh i vi nn kinh t nc ch nh v nc s ti v cng nh l nh hng ca cc chnh sch kinh t n hot ng xut khu ca mnh. T gi hi oi: Theo k hoch 2006-2010, Vit Nam hi nhp su rng vo kinh t khu vc v th gii. V th m Vit Nam b nh hng khng hong kinh t ti chnh ton cu nm 2008-2010. M t gi bin ng ln xung tht thng tc ng ln n cc cng ty xut khu. Nm 2008 vo thi im t gi gim mnh lm cho doanh thu xut khu ca cng ty cng gim st. Bc sang nm 2010, tng trng kinh t ca EU gp tr ngi khi hai nn kinh t ln nht l c, Php t mc tng trng thp, ng la M v ng Yn Nht tip tc tng mnh so vi ng Euro khin cho gi c nhp khu vo EU tng ln, ko theo nhu cu nhp khu suy gim, trong c ngnh thy sn. V th nn cng ty a dng ha th trng xut khu sang cc nc khc nh: Hn Quc, Ai Cp, Hng Kng. Tc tng trng ca nn kinh t:

14

N nh hng trc tip n nhng c hi v nguy c m doanh nghip phi i mt. Khi tc tng trng kinh t cao v gia tng th to ra nhiu c hi cho doanh nghip. Ngc li khi tc tng trng kinh t thp, suy thoi th n l nguy c i vi doanh nghip. Trong nm 2008, khng hong kinh t ca mt s nn kinh t ln y nn kinh t th gii ri vo suy thoi, lm hn hp th trng xut khu v tc ng ti nhiu lnh vc kinh t x hi ca nc ta. Tc tng trng kinh t nm 2008 t 6,18%, nm 2009 t 5,32% v nm 2010 tng ln 6,78%. Suy thoi kinh t lm nh hng n kt qu kinh doanh ca cng ty. Cc th trng xut khu ca cng ty nh: M, EU, Nht Bn, chu nh hng nng n ca suy thoi nn sc mua cng gim dn, u ra ca cng ty by gi cng gp nhiu kh khn. Lm pht: Trong nm 2010 gi ca mt s hng ha tng cao: gi du, xng, st thp, nguyn vt liu nhp khu,c bit l gi vng bin ng mnh. Vic lm pht tng cao tc ng mnh n gi c v sn xut trong nc trong thi gian ti. i vi cng ty th vic lm pht tng nh vy ko theo gi nguyn liu tng dn n gi thnh phm ca cng ty tng ln. Bn cnh vic thiu nguyn liu u vo lm cho gi ca nguyn liu tng li cng tng ln. Trc tnh hnh ny th F17 tng cng kim sot ngun nguyn liu u vo, hon thin quy trnh sn xut, nhm gim thiu ti a nh hng ca lm pht. 1.2.1.1.2. Mi trng chnh tr: L mt mi trng ng vai tr rt quan trng, nh hng ngy cng ln n cc doanh nghip c bit l cc doanh nghip xut khu. S n nh v chnh tr s to ra mi trng thun li cho cc doanh nghip xut khu, khuyn khch h u t nhiu hn vi s vn di hn. Cn nu khng n nh v chnh tr th n khng thc y cho hot ng xut khu pht trin. Cc chin lc pht trin kinh t quc gia, cc chnh sch v cc chng trnh hnh ng cng nh hng n cc doanh nghip. N c th to ra nguy c hoc c hi cho doanh nghip. V d: ngnh thy sn l ngnh kinh t mi nhn ang c

15

Nh nc quan tm v u t nn mc thu nh vo ngnh ny thp hn to c hi cho cc cng ty xut khu thy sn pht trin. Nm 2007, nc ta tr thnh thnh vin th 150 ca t chc Thng Mi Th Gii WTO m ra nhiu c hi ln cho doanh nghip. iu ny cng ng ngha l ta phi hi nhp nhanh chng vi cc quy nh v sn chi ton cu. l vn cp bch i vi cc doanh nghip Vit Nam ni chung v Nha Trang Seafoods ni ring. Nu khng am hiu n th mang li nhng ri ro cho doanh nghip. V d ci v kin chng bn ph gi c tra, c basa vo th trng M l mt v d in hnh. iu s nh hng n hot ng xut khu thy sn vo th trng M ca cng ty. 1.2.1.1.3. Mi trng t nhin: iu kin t nhin nh hng n cng ty bao gm cc yu t thuc v v tr a l, iu kin thi tit, kh hu, ti nguyn thin nhin v mi trng. Cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 ang nm trong a bn rt thun li cho pht trin kinh doanh ca mnh. Khnh Ha l mt tnh nm ven bin Nam Trung B, c chiu di b bin khong 520km, tng din tch mt nc khai thc c hiu qu khong 2 triu ha. Ti y ngnh thy sn rt c tim nng v pht trin. iu ny c th hin qua bng sn lng khai thc thy sn ca Vit Nam giai on 2008-2010. Bng 1: Sn lng khai thc thy sn ca Vit Nam giai on (2008-2010) vt: 1000 tn. Ch tiu C Tm Thy sn khc Tng 2008 1,605.7 113.4 417.3 2,136.4 2009 1,708.1 130.1 442.3 2,280.5 2010 1,789.2 138.5 493.1 2,420.8

(ngun: tng cc thng k 2008-2010) Nhn vo bng s liu trn ta thy ngun li thy sn ca nc ta tng ln hng nm. c bit l c chim a phn, nm 2008 s lng l 1,605.7 nghn tn, sang nm 2009 tng thm 102.4 nghn tn, n tip tc tng trong nm 2010 v t 1,789.2

16

nghn tn. i vi tm cng vy, cng tng dn qua cc nm, nm 2008 t 113.4 nghn tn, nm 2009 t 130.1 nghn tn tc l tng ln 16.7 nghn tn, v n nm 2010 tng ln thm 8.4 nghn tn so vi nm 2009. y l mt li th ca ngnh thy sn nc ta ni chung v cng ty Seafoods-F17 ni ring. Thm vo l theo kt qu nghin cu ca vin nghin cu bin v ngun li thy sn th tnh Khnh Ha c tr lng 90,000-150,000 tn. Khnh Ha hin c hn 10,100 tu nh bt thy sn, sn lng nh bt thy sn hng nm t c t 65,000-70,000 tn. Chng t v th ca cng ty rt thun li cho thu mua nguyn liu v pht trin. Tuy nhin, do s khai thc bt hp l nn ngun li thy sn ang c xu hng gim dn. Thm vo l tnh trng nui trng thy sn b nhim bnh, nng sut cng nh cht lng thy sn gim st. y l thch thc i vi cng ty ni ring v ngnh thy sn ni chung. Bn cnh th din bin ca thi tit nh hng rt nhiu n hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty. Bo l, thin tai thng xuyn xy ra lm nh hng n ngun nguyn liu dn n tnh trng khan him nguyn liu trn c nc, khng c nguyn liu u vo sn xut. 1.2.1.1.4. Trnh cng ngh: Ngy nay khi khoa hc pht trin nh v bo, nghin cu ra c cc cng ngh c chuyn mn ha cao hn lm cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh cng tng ln. T m cc doanh nghip c th cung cp kp thi cc n t hng khi khch yu cu. Hn th na cng nh cng ngh m lm cho mu m phong ph v a dng hn, cht lng cng c nng cao hn p ng nhu cu ca th trng. i vi F17 th cng ngh cng ng vai tr rt quan trng trong sn xut nn cng ty lun ch trng n cng ngh, thay i nhng cng ngh c v thay vo nhng cng ngh mi ph hp vi tin ca sn xut. 1.2.1.1.5. Yu t v x hi: y l yu t m c cc doanh nghip rt ch khng ch g cng ty SeafoodsF17. L mt cng ty sn xut thy sn khng ch phc v trong nc m cn xut

17

khu ra nc ngoi l ch yu nn cng ty lun b s tc ng ca cc yu t nh: c cu dn s, thu nhp bnh qun, lc lng lao ng, th hiu tiu dng, Ngy nay khi mc sng ca ngi dn c nng cao th ngi ta cn ch trng hn n cc nhu cu khc nh: s thch vui chi gii tr, mua sm, sc khe, nm bt c xu th chung ny nn cc cng ty lun a ra cc chin lc p ng c nhu cu ca khch hng. F17 cng khng ngoi l: cng ty lun ra nhng chin lc ca mnh ph hp vi thc ti. mt trong nhng chin lc l: xc nh c v mi quan tm v sc khe ca cng ng nn cng ty nng cao hn cht lng sn phm ca mnh, a dng ha sn phm, u t qua cc lnh vc khc nh: kkhai thc nc khong nng, nh hng, Thm vo l d ton ca qu dn s th gii (UNFPA) dn s th gii s l 9 t ngi vo nm 2050. V kt qu t s liu iu tra mu cho thy hin nay, Vit Nam ang trong thi k c cu dn s vng, thi k m nhm dn s trong tui lao ng cao gn gp i nhm dn s trong tui ph thuc. Dn s tng nhanh nh vy ko theo nhu cu v lng thc v thc phm gia tng ng k, nht l cc sn phm thy sn, l sn phm ang dc a chung hin nay. Vi xu hng nh vy th n to ra c hi rt tt cho ngnh thy sn Vit Nam pht trin hn na. Nht l xut khu sang th trng M, vn l mt th trng y tim nng. V th trng ny vn l mt trong nhng th trng xut khu chnh ca cng ty c phn thy sn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 1.2.1.2. MI TRNG VI M: 1.2.1.2.1.Nhn t nh cung ng: Nh cung cp l ngi cung ng u vo nh: nguyn liu, trang thit b, sc lao ng v c thng tin dch v, vn chuyn, l mt yu t quan trng i vi cc n v hot ng kinh doanh. S bin ng ca yu t u vo u nh hng n hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty. Vic thiu nguyn liu th qu trnh sn xut s b gin on, t khng p ng c tin giao hng. M ngnh thy sn l ngnh mang tnh cht thi v nn vic thiu nguyn liu l thng xuyn xy ra. V th nn cn hoch nh li vic thu mua nguyn vt liu c th m bo ngun nguyn liu phc v sn xut.

18

1.2.1.2.2.

Nhn t khch hng: Khch hng l mt phn ca doanh nghip. Chnh s trung thnh ca khch hng l mt li th ln cho doanh nghip, m s trung thnh xut pht t s thoi mn nhu cu ca h i vi sn phm ca mnh hn sn phm ca i th cnh tranh. Khi c s tnh nhim ca khch hng th s mang li c hi ln cho doanh nghip. Ngc li, khi khch hng khng tn nhim th s l nguy c cho doanh nghip. V h s l ngi tiu th sn phm cho doanh nghip, nu khng c h doanh nghip s khng sn xut c. 1.2.1.2.3. Nhn t lao ng: Doanh nghip mun hot ng c th cn phi c nhn lc. Ngun lao ng l yu t khng th thiu. Mt doanh nghip c ngun lao ng di do c v s lng ln cht lng th hot ng vn hnh ca doanh nghip tri chy v hiu qu, mang li nng sut ln. V ngc li khi ngun lao ng t, cht lng thp th n s lm cho qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip b tr tr, khng dm bo c tin . lnh vc xut khu th i ng cn b nhn vin s nghin cu th trng, lp cc phng n kinh doanh, giao dch m phn, tm kim v k nhng hp ng xut nhp khu, l cng vic kh quan trng khi xut khu. 1.2.2. KHI QUT V NNG LC HOT NG CA CNG TY: 1.2.2.1.Vn: Vn l yu t c quan tm hng u khi thnh lp doanh nghip. N cng l yu t cn thit cho doanh nghip tn ti v pht trin,v n quyt nh kh nng kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Ti chnh ca doanh nghip m mnh th doanh nghip d thc hin c cc k hoch ca mnh hn nh: m rng th trng, u t trang thit b, cng ngh, hiu r hn v ngun vn v ti sn ca cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 th ta theo di bng s liu sau:

19

Bng 2: tnh hnh s dng vn ca cng ty qua cc nm. Chnh Nm 2008 T S Ch tiu (ng) 351,653,003, TI SN A. Ti 533 sn 229,745,874, tin trng (%) 100. 00 65.3 3 S (ng) 500,104,779, 984 358,748,224, 956 51,093,400,7 2.56 53.9 0 51 224,534,079, 915 71,157,040,8 6.93 73 11,153,703,4 1.94 17 2.23 Nm 2009 T tin trng (%) 100. 00 71.7 3 10.2 2 44.9 0 14.2 3 S (ng) 431,609,029, 931 224,380,894, 861 131,161,789, 149 53,149,211,2 85 30,381,617,0 46 9,688,277,38 1 2.24 7.04 Nm 2010 T tin trng (%) 100. 00 51.9 9 30.3 9 12.3 1 chnh (ng) 148,451,776, 451 129,002,350, 377 42,079,845,7 62 34,978,723,7 94 46,797,625,0 13 4,336,155,80 8 lch t l chnh (%) 42.2 2 56.1 5 466. 85 18.4 5 192. 11 63.6 0 (ng) 68,495,750,0 53 134,367,330, 095 80,068,388,3 98 171,384,868, 630 40,775,423,8 27 1,465,426,03 6 lch t (%) 13.70 37.45 156.7 1 76.33 57.30 13.14 20 l 2009/2008 lch Chnh 2010/2009 lch

ngn hn 579 I. Tin v cc khon tng 9,013,554,98 ng tin 9 II. Cc khon phi thu ngn 189,555,356, hn khc 121

III. Hng tn 24,359,415,8 kho IV. Ti 60 sn 6,817,547,60 9

ngn hn khc

B. Ti sn di 121,907,128, hn 954 I. Cc khon phi thu di hn 517,350,000 II. Ti sn c 50,002,577,0 nh 46 IV. Cc khon u t ti 71,175,414,6 chnh di hn 43 V. Ti sn di hn khc NGUN VN 211,787,265 351,653,003, 533

34.6 7

141,356,555, 028

28.2 7

207,228,135, 070

48.0 1

19,449,426,0 74

15.9 5 26.7 2 28.8 5

65,871,580,0 42 46.60

0.15 14.2 2 20.2 4 0.06 100. 00 67.0 7 63.1 4

379,130,000 64,428,666,7 55 76,137,689,5 68 411,068,705 500,104,779, 984 304,036,518, 362 293,740,098, 720 10,296,419,6

0.08 12.8 8 15.2 2 0.08 100. 00 60.7 9 58.7 4

377,630,000 97,118,045,6 06 109,302,000, 000 430,459,464 431,609,029, 931 200,693,167, 320 199,922,967, 320

0.09 22.5 0 25.3 2 0.10 100. 00 46.5 0 46.3 2

-138,220,000 14,426,089,7 09 4,962,274,92 5 199,281,440 148,451,776, 451 68,169,699,3 98 71,711,129,7 56 3,541,430,35 8 80,282,077,0 53

-1,500,000 32,689,378,8 51 33,164,310,4

-0.40 50.74

6.97 94.1 0 42.2 2 28.9 0 32.3 0 25.5 9 69.3 4

32 19,390,759 68,495,750,0 53 103,343,351, 042 93,817,131,4 00 9,526,219,64 2 34,847,600,9 89

43.56 4.72 13.70 33.99 31.94 92.52 17.77 21

A. N phi 235,866,818, tr 964

I. N ngm 222,028,968, hn 964 13,837,850,0 II. N di hn 00 B. Ngun vn 115,786,184, ch s hu 569

3.94 32.9 3

42 196,068,261, 622

2.06 39.2 1

770,200,000 230,915,862, 611

0.18 53.5 0

I. Vn ch s 112,910,443, hu 596 II. Ngun kinh ph khc v qu 2,875,740,97 3

32.1 1

195,325,740, 749

39.0 6

230,915,862, 611

53.5 0

82,415,297,1 53 2,133,220,10 0

72.9 9 74.1 8

35,590,121,8 62 18.22 100.0 -742,520,873 0

0.82

742,520,873

0.15

0.00

22

Nhn xt: Nhn qua bng trn ta thy c tng vn kinh doanh v sn xut khng n nh, tng vn tng ln vo nm 2009, nhng li gim vo nm 2010. Hn na ta thy ngun vn ch yu ca doanh nghip l t ngun vn vay v ti sn ngn hn. Dng vn vay nh con dao hai li, ta phi dng cho tht hiu qu n c th mang li nhng kt qu tt nht, nhng cng trnh tnh trng lm dng qu m b mt kh nng thanh ton. Thm vo l s bin ng ca ti sn ngn hn cng tc ng rt nhiu n hot ng sn xut kinh doanh. iu ny c th hin c th qua cng ty trong cc nm 2008 n 2010 nh sau: Xt v kt cu ti sn: Ti sn ngn hn chim mt t trng ln trong tng vn ca cng ty v n c xu hng tng mnh trong nm 2009, sang nm 2010 li gim nh. Hng tn kho nm 2009 so vi nm 2008 th tng rt mnh, nhng sau li gim vo nm 2010 nhng vn cn cao so vi nm 2008, hng tn kho vo nm 2010 c 30,381,617,046 ng,tng ng vi 7.04% trong tng ti sn. Ta thy trong nm 2009 cng tc thu hi n khng c tt v cc khon phi thu tng ln 18.45% so vi nm 2008, v hng tn li trong kho cng nhiu, tng ln 192.11% so vi nm 2008. Nhng iu ny nh hng khng tt n ngun vn sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. Sang nm 2010 tnh hnh c s i khc l hng tn kho gim i 57.30% v cc khon thu cng gim xung 76.33%. mt tn hiu ng mng cho ngun vn sn xut kinh doanh. Ti sn c nh chim mt t trng ng k trong tng ti sn v n c xu hng tng trong tng lai. Cho ta thy c cng ty ch trng hn vo cng tc u t cho thit b nhm phc v cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh. Xt v c cu ngun vn: Ngun vn vay chim mt t trng ln trong tng s ngun vn ca cng ty trong ch yu l n ngn hn. Ngun vn ch s hu c xu hng tng qua cc nm v nm 2010 n t c 53.5% trong tng ngun vn. Chng t mt iu rng cng ty ch trng hn vo vic tng vn ch s hu nng cao kh nng t ch v mt ti chnh trong cng ty.

23

1.2.2.2. Tnh hnh lao ng: Lao ng l yu t khng th thiu trong mt doanh nghip. Cht lng v s lng lao ng trong doanh nghip s phn nh c trnh t chc qun l, sn xut ca doang nghip . Mun cho qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty c hiu qu hn th t chc qun l phi nng ng, lc lng lao ng c trnh cao, v kinh nghim trong sn xut. Nm bt c vn ny nn cng ty Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 lun c s quan tm i vi ngun lao ng ny. C th nh sau: C cu trnh chuyn mn nghip v lao ng ca cng ty tnh t ngy 01/01/2010 Bng 3: c cu v trnh chuyn mn nghip v lao ng khi gin tip ca cng ty tnh t ngy 01/01/2009 TRNH CHUYN MN LDS Tng KHI GIN TIP T l (%) 1.Khi qn l 2.Ca hng 3. Nh hng 4. Nh my 17 5. Nh my 90 6. PX c in 7. Tri tm KHI TRC TIP T l ( %) 1. Vn hnh 2. Nh n 3. Nh hng 193 100 70 2 5 85 27 2 2 640 100 27 19 11 19 5 432 67,5 N 108 55.96 29 1 3 53 21 1 H-C Tng 103 53.37 41 1 1 45 12 1 2 16 2,5 10 15 2,34 8 23 3,6 9 24 9 1 N 57 29.53 22 1 1 17 4 1 16 3 TRUNG CP Tng 27 14 5 N 24 12.43 4 T KHC Tng 63 32.64 24 1 3 23 11 1 2 13 9 N 27 14 3

N V

24

4. Nh my 17 5. Nh my 90

377 151

304 102 4 2 7 14

6. PX c in 30 7. Bc xp + li xe PKD 21 8. V sinh + li xe PTC Nhn xt: 4

2 ( Phng Lao ng-Tin Lng )

Tng khi lao ng gin tip ca cng ty tnh t ngy 01/01/2009 c 193 lao ng, trong n c 108 lao ng, tng ng 55.96% trong lao ng khi gin tip ca cng ty, trong s lng lao ng nhiu nht l nh my 17 gm 80 lao ng, khi qun l cng khng km hn bao nhiu gm 70 lao ng. Cho thy cng ty rt ch trng n i ng cn b qun l ca mnh. C th nh sau: Trnh i hc cao ng c 103 ngi chim 53.37%, trong nh my 17 l c s lng lao ng ln nht do y l c s chnh ca cng ty nn c cu lao ng c trnh i hc, cao ng l cao nht. Trong s lng nhn vin n chim 29.53% so vi lao ng khi gin tip ca cng ty, ng vi 57 ngi. Tip sau ta thy khi qun l ca cng ty cng c mt s lng lao ng ln khng km l 41 ngi, n c 22 ngi. Vi trnh chuyn mn nghip v cao nh vy th trong tng lai khng xa cng ty s cn vn cao hn na. Trnh trung cp chim 14%, tng ng vi 27 ngi. Khi qun l c 5 ngi chim 14 %, trong c 4 n v 1 nam. nh my 17 c 17 nhn vin, trong n c 16 ngi. Cn trnh khc chim 32.64%, ng vi 63 ngi. Nh vy, trong khi lao ng gin tip ca cng ty, trnh lao ng l kh cao c bit l khi qun l, phn nh v cht lng lao ng gin tip ca cng ty tng i tt Khi lao ng trc tip nhiu hn khi lao ng gin tip, tng cng ca khi lao ng trc tip c 640 lao ng, trong n c 432 ngi chim 67.5% lao ng ca khi trc tip. Trong lao ng c phn b ch yu 2 nh my l: nh my 17 v nh my 90. Nh my 17 c nhiu lao ng nhiu nht vi 377 ngi, sau l n nh my 90 vi 151 ngi. Lao ng trc tip mang tnh cht cng vic tay chn hn nn y 25

khng i hi lao ng phi c trnh cao lm. V vy m trnh i hc, cao ng ch c 16 ngi. H thng lm cc khu x l v khu ny i hi phi c trnh cao. Trnh trung cp c 15 ngi, chim 2.34% lao ng trong khi trc tip v lao ng khc chim 3.6%, tng ng vi 23 ngi. Nhn chung ta thy lc lng ph thng chim ch yu. Trnh i hc, cao ng tp trung ch yu b phn lao ng gin tip, l nhng qun l, nhn vin vn phng, k thut. Gia khi lao ng trc tip v gin tip lun c s phi hp vi nhau to nn hiu qu trong cng vic. C cu trnh chuyn mn nghip v lao ng ca cng ty tnh t ngy 01/01/2010 Bng 4: c cu v trnh chuyn mn nghip v lao ng ca cng ty tnh t ngy 01/01/2010 TRNH CHUYN MN L DS T.CP N V Tng N I. KHI GIN TIP 1.Khi qun l 2. Ca hng 3. Nh hng 4. Nh my 17 5. Nh my 90 6. Phn xng c in II. KHI TRC TIP 1.Vn hnh 2. Nh n 3. Nh hng 4. Nh my 17 175 56 2 6 85 24 2 646 26 18 13 361 18 8 289 26 1 1 116 33 1 4 56 21 1 416 H-C Tng N 99 40 1 1 44 12 1 16 12 25 10 1 18 6 1 61 24 1 1 18 3 1 16 2 Tng N 28 6 24 5 Tng 48 10 1 4 23 9 1 8 8 3 15 9 1 N 32 4 T KHC

5. Nh my 90 6. Phn xng c in 7. BV + Li xe PKD 8. BV + VS + Li xe PTC TNG

148 32 28 20

99

3 1

9 2

821 532 ( Phng Lao ng-Tin Lng )

Nhn xt: Cng nh nm 2009, nm 2010 lao ng khi trc tip vn chim a phn lao ng trong cng ty. Khi lao ng gin tip nm 2010 c 175 ngi, gim so vi nm 2009 18 ngi, trong n c 116 ngi. Nhng khi lao ng trc tip li tng so vi nm 2009 6 ngi, trong n c 416 ngi. Do c im ca ngnh ngh thy sn i hi s t m, kho lo cho nn c cu lao ng ca cng ty n chim a phn trong cng ty. khi gin tip lao ng c trnh i hc, cao ng c 99 ngi, trong n c 61 ngi. Trnh trung cp c 28 ngi, trong 24 ngi l n. Trnh khc c 48 ngi, trong c 32 ngi l n. nh my 17 c 85 lao ng trong c 44 ngi c trnh i hc, cao ng, 18 ngi l trung cp v 23 ngi l bng cp khc. Trong b phn qun l nm nay vi s lng ngi t hn nm ngoi v h c trnh kh vng chc vi i hc, cao ng: 40 ngi, trung cp: 10 ngi, trnh khc: 10 ngi. khi lao ng trc tip vi lc lng rt ng 646 ngi. y l lc lng trc tip to ra sn phm, l lc lng quan trng m bo cho qu trnh sn xut c tin hnh lin tc. V ngun ny phn b nhiu nht cng hai nh my l 17 v 90. S lng nh my 17 nm nay ch cn 361 ngi, tc l gim xung 16 ngi, nh my 90 cng gim 3 ngi so vi nm 2009. Nm 2010 tng trng kinh t ca EU gp tr ngi nn vic xut khu ca ta sang nc cng gp khng t kh khn. V th m vic sn xut cng b hn ch dn, nn s lng lao ng t hn nm 2009. Ta thy cng ty ang c gng chn nhng phng php ti u nht nhm b tr nhn cng ng ngi ng vic v phn b hp l cho kt qu l tt nht. c bit trong trong c im ca ngnh thu mua c tnh ma v nn cng ty cng ch trng n

27

mt lc lng lao ng ang lm theo ma v nhm m bo chi ph l thp nht m li nhun l cao nht. C cu lao ng theo ma v:

Bng 5: C cu lao ng theo ma v nm 2009 v nm 2010. n v: ngi. N V Nh My 17 Nh My 90 Khi Qun L Nh Hng TNG Tng lao ng 01/01/2009 01/01/2010 128 59 3 41 231 95 84 9 36 226 S lao ng n 01/01/2009 01/01/2010 48 18 1 13 80 42 39 4 17 102

( Phng Lao ng-Tin Lng) Nhn xt: Ta thy s lng lao ng theo ma v ca nm 2009 nhiu hn ca nm 2010. Nm 2010 s lng lao ng ch c 226 ngi, nhng nm 2009 s lao ng l 231 ngi. Nm 2009 nh my 17 c s lng lao ng nhiu nht 128 ngi, trong s lao ng n l 48 ngi. Cn nm 2010 s lng lao ng nh my ny gim xung cn 95 ngi, trong s lao ng n l 42 ngi. nh my 90 cng vy nm 2009 th lao ng c 59 ngi nhng sang nm 2010 th cn c 84 ngi. Duy ch c khi qun l l tng ln, nm 2009 l 3 ngi, nhng sang 2010 l 9 ngi. C cu ny khng n nh, ty theo ma v, thi k m cng ty quyt nh tuyn s ngi cn thit, thng l lc ma v, thy sn nhiu cn thm nhn cng. Nhn chung ta thy cng ty ang rt quan tm n i ng nhn cng ca mnh, c bit l cht lng, chuyn mn nghip v, tay ngh ca ngi lao ng. Cng ty lun c k hoch o to di nhiu hnh thc nh o to ti cng ty, c ngi i hc cc lp nng cao trnh chuyn mn,Bn cnh cng ty cng quan tm n chnh sch i i vi nhn vin nh: tin lng, thng v chnh sch x hi (BHYT, BHXH, KPC, ). 1.2.2.3. Tnh hnh my mc thit b: 28

My mc thit b ng mt vai tr rt quan trng trong vic sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. V n tc ng n nng sut lao ng, cht lng sn phm, gi thnh,nh hng rt ln nng lc sn xut ca cng ty. Sau y l mt s my mc chnh ca cng ty: cp ng nhanh cc sn phm ri My phn c My hp My quay tng trng My va nguyn liu My va bn thnh phm My ht chn khng My hn bao My d kim loi L mt cng ty thnh lp cng lu i nn F17 lun ch trng n nhng vn ny nn h u t my mc thit b tng i l hon chinh phc v qu trnh sn xut c tt hn. 1.2.3. CC HOT NG CH YU CA DOANH NGHIP: 1.2.3.1. Tnh hnh thu mua nguyn vt liu: Vic thu mua nguyn vt liu l mt khu kh quan trng trong hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Nu vic thu mua c m bo tin hnh tt th s p ng c ng tin ca qu trnh sn xut, t sn phm u ra s khng b gin on m p ng y , kp thi v cht lng,Cn nu doanh nghip khng c ngun nguyn liu cho qu trnh sn xut th khng kp tin giao hng theo hp ng ca doanh nghip. Vy nn ci ngun nguyn liu u vo cn c m bo. M nguyn H thng cp ng tip xc H thng lnh sn xut vy H thng x l nc cp H thng x l nc thi Cc thit b phc v sn xut H thng cp ng IQM: y l h thng

29

liu thy sn c tnh ma v, thm vo l s cnh tranh gay gt v nguyn liu cng thc y cho gi ca n tng ln rt nhiu. V vy cng ty cn tin hnh hoch nh cc chin lc kinh doanh mt cch c hiu qu nhm m bo ngun nguyn liu u vo cho cng ty. K hoch thu mua F17 c thc hin trn s gn kt gi b phn thu mua v phng kinh doanh. B phn thu mua s nm bt tnh hnh th trng, thng tin ma v, gi c,Nhng thng tin ny s bo cho b phn kinh doanh lp ra bng gi thnh sn phm d tr v chun b k hoch cho bn. Sau khi k c hp ng b phn kinh doanh s chuyn n hng c th cho b phn thu mua b phn thu mua c th tin hnh thu mua nguyn liu phc v qu trnh sn xut. Cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty F17 hin ti l cc tnh t Qung Nam n Bnh Thun. V thu mua ch yu thng qua nu v trc tip t ng dn. Thu mua trc tip t h nui: s lng khong 20 n 30 h, nng dn phi vn chuyn nguyn liu n cng ty v c thanh ton chm sau 7 n 10 ngy. Thu mua qua i l nu, va: s lng khong 5 n 10 h, cng ty mua c s lng ln v nhanh chng khi ta m bo thanh ton nhanh. Khi thu mua nguyn liu bn ngoi th n c bo qun bng hoc h thng lm lnh.Nguyn liu c a vo phn xng th cc nhn vin s tin hnh kim tra nh gi cht lng, phn loi nguyn liu. Nhng sn phm t cht lng s c cng ty thu nhn v nhng sn phm khng t cht lng th s tr li cho nh cung cp. Sau b phn KCS s tin hnh kim tra cht lng mt ln na trc khi a vo ch bin. Trn thc t khi thu mau nguyn liu th yu t gi c nh hng cng khng nh, n ph thuc vo mc cnh tranh trn th trng nguyn liu v da trn s tha thun gia hai bn. V n c thanh ton qua chuyn khon ngn hng hoc c th nhn tin trc tip ti cng ty. 1.2.3.2. Tnh hnh tiu th sn phm ti cng ty: L khu cui cng ca qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh, n nh hng n hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh v s tn ti v pht trin ca cng ty. i vi sn phm thy sn th cn y nhanh hnh thc tiu th ny hn v nu sn phm sn xut ra m khng tiu th

30

c th s nh hng n cht lng ca sn phm. Hn na n cng lm ng vn ca cng ty. Cc sn phm chnh l cc loi tm, mc, c, gh ng lnh; cc loi hi sn kh v tm gia v. Hin nay cc sn phm ny ang c ti th trng trong nc v nc ngoi, nhng th trng trong nc cn khim tn. y l cng ty sn xut ra th trng nc ngoi l ch yu nn i vi th trng trong nc th doanh thu ny cn rt thp. Thm vo l cc doanh nghip thy sn ngy cng mc ln nhiu nn s cnh tranh v nguyn liu sn xut rt gay gt v vic xut khu sang th trng nc ngoi nh M v EU ngy cng khc khe hn. V th m cng ty cn ra chin lc Marketing tt hn thu ht khch hng, nng cao cht lng sn phm v c gi hp l,cho c th trng trong nc v nc ngoi. Sau y l bng phn tch sn lng tiu th ca cc ca hng ni a v th trng xut khu: Th trng trong nc: Bang 5 : san lng tiu thu cua cac ca hang ni ia(VT: ng) Ca hang Nm 2008 Cng Sinh trung Phan Bi Chu Cng ty+Quang Tng 1.625.862.488 399.977.503 723.315.537 947.748.590 4.205.296.218 Nm 2009 1.396.945.798 392.110.765 624.176.175 610.113.205 3.273.219.403 Nm 2010 1.486.445.726 715.437.730 839.242.350 926.038.616 4.165.586.952 Chnh lch 2009/2008 2010/2009

-228.916.690 89.499.928 -7.866.738 -99.139.362 323.326.965 215.066.175

-337.635.385 315.925.411 -932.076.815 892.367.549

(Ngun: phng kinh doanh) Nhn xt: Qua bng s liu trn ta thy sn lng tiu th mnh nht l vo nm 2008, thp nht l nm 2009 sn lng tiu th ch t c 3.273.219.403 ng, sang nm 2010 sn lng tiu th ny tng ln 892.367.549 ng. Ti cc a im ni a sn lng tiu th mnh nht l ti cng ca cng ty. Ti y nm 2008 t c 1.625.862.488 ng,

31

nm 2009 sn lng ny gim xung 228.916.690 ng v sn lng tiu th ny tng ln vo nm 2010, tng 89.499.928 ng. Th trng xut khu: F17 l cng ty xut khu l chnh nn hng nm sn lng sn xut qua cc th trng ny l rt ln. V th m cng ty lun b nh hng bi nhng bin ng ca cc th trng ny. Cc th trng xut khu ca cng ty nh: M, Nht, EU, Hn Quc, i Loan, Hong Kong, c, Ai Cp. Sau y l bng tnh hnh sn xut ca cng ty theo tng th trng.

32

Bng 6: tnh hnh sn xut ca cng ty theo tng th trng.

Chnh Nm 2008 Th trng M Nht EU Hn Quc i Loan Hong Kong c Ai Cp Canada Malaisia Tng gi tr(USD) 33,866,780.84 2,060,097.51 3,732,442.29 909,456.72 12,600.00 6,750.00 600,937.50 31,834.00 40,621.00 875,780.06 42,137,299.92 % 80.37 4.89 8.86 2.16 0.03 0.02 1.43 0.08 0.10 2.08 100.0 0 Nm 2009 gi tr(USD) 33,673,709.5 5 1,254,534.49 3,931,457.53 4,557,118.81 9,040.00 279,399.20 43,705,259.5 8 % 77.047 2.870 8.995 10.427 0.021 0.639 100.00 0 Nm 2010 gi tr(USD) 30,610,189.5 0 769,615.77 8,125,908.06 6,753,097.47 113,544.00 9,855.00 2,197,584.00 499,091.00 49,078,884.8 0 % 62.37 1.57 16.56 13.76 0.23 0.02 4.48 1.02 100.0 0 Chnh lch 2009/2008 Chnh lch -193,071.29 -805,563.02 199,015.24 3,647,662.0 9 -12,600.00 2,290.00 -321,538.30 -31,834.00 -40,621.00 -875,780.06 1,567,959.6 6 T l % -0.57 -39.10 5.33 401.08 -100.00 33.93 -53.51 -100.00 -100.00 -100.00 3.72 2010/2008 T Chnh lch 3,063,520.05 -484,918.72 4,194,450.53 2,195,978.66 113,544.00 815.00 1,918,184.80 499,091.00 5,373,625.22 % -9.10 -38.65 106.69 48.19 l lch

9.02 686.54 12.30

33

Nhn xt: Qua bng phn tch trn ta thy kim ngch xut khu tng ln qua cc nm chng t hot ng xut khu ngy cng tt hn. C th nh sau: Thi trng M: y l mt trong nhng th trng xut khu ch yu ca cng ty. Kim ngch xut khu sang th trng ny rt cao nm 2008 chim 80.37% trong kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty, nhng xut khu sang th trng ny gim dn qua cc nm v nhng yu cu kht khe t nc h cng thm vo l s do nh hng ca suy thoi kinh t nn sc mua cc nc ny cng gim dn. Nm 2010 ch t c 30,610,189.50 USD, tng ng vi chim 62.37% trong kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty nm 2010 v n gim 9.1% so vi kim ngch xut khu ca nm 2009. Th trng Nht: l th trng truyn thng ca cng ty, tuy nhin th trng ny rt kh tnh v ngi Nht lun i hi cao v cht lng, mu m nn nm 2008 kimh ngch xut khu t 2,060,097.51 USD chim 4.89% trong kim ngch xut khu nm 2008, v gim dn qua cc nm, n nm 2010 kim ngch ny ch cn 769,615.77 USD v ch chim 1.57% kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty nm . Th trng EU cng l 1 trong th trng chnh ca cng ty, kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty sang cc th trng ny tng ln theo cc nm, v nm 2010 t cao nht l 8,125,908.06 USD chim 15.56% trong kim ngch ca cng ty nm 2010. Th trng Hn Quc l mt th trng y tim nng, trong nhng nm gn y cng ty ch trng sang th trng ny v sn lng xut khu tng dn qua cc nm v n nm 2010 t 6,753,097.47 USD chim 13.76% trong kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty nm 2010 v tng hn 2,195,978.66 USD so vi kim ngach xut khu nm 2009, tng ng tng 48.19% . Th trng i Loan: chim 1 phn rt nh trong kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty, nm 2009 cng ty khng c n t hng no t th trng ny, sang nm 2010 ch t c 113,544.00 USD chim 0.23% trong kim ngch xut khu nm 2010, mt t trng kh khim tn. Th trng Hong Kong cng vy, l mt th trng m kim ngch xut khu chim rt t trong cng ty.

34

Th trng c: chim t trng cng hi khim tn, nhng trong nm 2010 cng ty ch trng hn vo th trng ny nn kim ngch ca n chim 4.48%, tng ng 2,197,584.00 USD v tng hn so vi nm 2008 v 2009.

Th trng Ai Cp: chim t trng cng rt nh, nh hn 2%, v tnh hnh xut khu sang th trng ny khng c n nh vo nm 2009 cng ty khng c n t hng t th trng ny.

Th trng Canada v Maliasia cng chim t trng nh trong nm 2008 v sang 2009 v 2010 th cng ty cng khng nhn c n t hng no c.

Nhn chung thy sn tng dn qua cc nm, cng ty khng nhng c th trng truyn thng ca mnh m cn nh hng sang cc th trng khc na m bo c s lng sn phm bn ra. Sau y ta xem tnh hnh sn xut ca tng mt hng thy sn qua cc nm ca cng ty Seafoods-F17 Bng 7: tnh hnh xut khu theo mt hng qua cc nm. Nm 2008 gi tr(USD) 35,759,448.3 4 4,086,146.93 1,026,400.62 1,021,437.33 139,933.80 103,932.90 42,137,299.9 Nm 2009 gi tr(USD) 40,705,990.1 2 2,094,008.80 483,155.80 128,238.51 293,866.35 43,705,259.5 8 Nm 2010 gi tr(USD) 47,075,409.0 2 1,122,152.90 295,506.57 333,498.31 252,300.00 49,078,866.8 0

Mt hng Tm C Gh Mc Ruc Bach tuc

% 84.86 9.70 2.44 2.42 0.33 0.25 100.0 0

% 93.14 4.79 1.11 0.29 0.67 100.0 0

% 95.92 2.29 0.60 0.68 0.51 100.00

Tng cng 2 Nhn xt:

Qua bng s liu trn ta thy tnh hnh xut khu tng dn qua cc nm, nm 2008 l 42,137,299.92 USD, n nm 2009 t 43,705,259.58 USD v tng 5,373,607.22 USD vo nm 2010, tc l nm 2010 t c 49,078,866.80 USD. Mt hng tm l mt hng c u chung nht, xut khu nhiu nht. Mt hng ny chim v th cao trong xut khu, nm 2008 chim 84.86%, tng ng vi 35,759,448.34

35

USD, sau thng dn vo cc nm, nm 2009 n chim 93.14% trong gi tr xut khu cc mt hng nm v nm 2010 n t c 95.92%. ng sau mt hng ca tm l c, l loi xut khu ln th 2 ca cng ty, mt hng ny ang gim dn cc nm gn y, t trng chim kh khim tn. Cng vi c l ruc v gh ang xung dc trong nhng nm gn y. Tnh hnh ca mc th lao dc nghim trng trong nm 2009, sang nm 2010 tnh hnh c kh quan hn t xu nhng s lng xut khu ca mt hng ny vn cn qu t. Cn mt hng bch tuc th do tnh hnh nguyn liu ngy cng khan him v nguyn liu ny nn cng ty khng c nguyn liu u vo sn xut mt hng ny vo nm 2009 v 2010. 1.2.3.3. Marketing v bn hng: Cc hot ng marketing ca cng ty khng c rm r, mnh m m n din ra rt chm v hu nh khng pht trin. Cc hot ng ny nm ch yu phng kinh doanh xut nhp khu. Mt phn cng ti cng ty ch sn xut theo cc n t hng cho cc khch hng quen thuc ca cng ty nn h khng qung co tuyn truyn nhiu. Cng ty qung co mnh ch yu thng qua vic cng ty lun c gng gi ch tn bng vic thc hin tt nht cc hp ng k, ng thi tham gia hi ch trong nc v quc t hng nm nh: Hi ch thy sn Boston (Hoa K), Hi ch thy sn Brussels (B), Hi ch Vietfish ca Vit Nam Cng ty gp g v giao lu vi nhiu khch hng c cng nh mi, t m ra c cc c hi tt cho cng vic bn hng ca mnh. Bn cnh cng ty cng to c hnh nh tt vi a phng c th hin qua cc bi bo vit v cng ty ca nhng trang web lin kt cng ty. Cng vi nhng hot ng ny cng ty cn m nh hng n ung Nha Trang Seafoods ng Nguyn Th Minh Khai lm qung b thm nhiu hnh nh v cng ty. Qua nh hng ny m khch hng c th cm nhn v nh gi c v cht lng sn phm ca cng ty. y l cch qun b rt hiu qu n ngi tiu dng khng nhng trong nc m cn ngoi nc. 1.2.4. NH GI HIU QU HOT NG SN XUT KINH DOANH CA CNG TY V TNH HNH TI CHNH CA CNG TY.

36

1.2.4.1.

Kt qu hot ng sn xut kinh doanh: n v: ng.

Chnh lch 2009/2008 Chnh lch 2010/2009 T l T l

Bng 8: bo co kt qu hot ng kinh doanh.

Ch tiu Nm 2008 1. Doanh thu bn hng ha v cung cp dch v 758,680,669,133 2. Cc khon gim tr doanh thu 1,241,940,616 3. Doanh thu thun v bn hng ha v cung cp dch v 757,438,728,517 4. Gi vn hng bn 624,038,837,616 5. Li nhun gp v bn hng v cung cp dch v 133,399,890,901 6. Doanh thu hot ng ti chnh 7. Chi ph ti chnh Trong : chi ph li vay 8. Chi ph bn hng 9. Chi ph qun l doanh 7,237,817,841 21,690,379,513 20,326,223,173 52,108,642,980

Nm 2009 850,007,782,590 2,408,866,276

Nm 2010 986,165,504,834 2,442,814,325

Chnh lch 91,327,113,457 1,166,925,660

(%) 12.04 93.96

Chnh lch 136,157,722,244 33,948,049

(%) 16.02 1.41

847,598,916,314 661,223,712,537 186,375,203,777 13,649,879,247 16,683,365,027 16,683,365,027 54,219,809,365 16,623,499,670 112,498,408,962 10,640,905,165 277,892,605

983,722,690,509 842,625,755,595 141,096,934,914 20,904,710,505 16,385,196,723 15,213,811,551 71,674,706,365 18,671,739,572 55,270,002,759 953,277,681 807,694,852

90,160,187,797 37,184,874,921 52,975,312,876 6,412,061,406 -5,007,014,486 -3,642,858,146 2,111,166,385 6,179,120,419 56,104,101,964 1,356,224,458 -1,498,144,448

11.90 5.96 39.71 88.59 -23.08 -17.92 4.05 59.16 99.49 14.61 -84.35

136,123,774,195 181,402,043,058 -45,278,268,863 7,254,831,258 -298,168,304 -1,469,553,476 17,454,897,000 2,048,239,902 -57,228,406,203 -9,687,627,484 529,802,247

16.06 27.43 -24.29 53.15 -1.79 -8.81 32.19 12.32 -50.87 -91.04 190.65

nghip 10,444,379,251 10. Li nhun thun t hot ng kinh doanh 11. Thu nhp khc 12. Chi ph khc 56,394,306,998 9,284,680,707 1,776,037,053

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13. Li nhun khc 7,508,643,654 14. Tng li nhun k ton trc thu 63,902,950,652 15. Chi ph thu TNDN hin hnh 4,125,524,865 16. Li nhun sau thu TNDN 17. Li c bn trn c phiu 59,777,425,787 7,195

10,363,012,560 122,861,421,522 10,407,597,785 112,453,823,737 6,754

145,582,829 55,415,585,588 3,213,225,611 52,202,359,977 3,135

2,854,368,906 58,958,470,870 6,282,072,920 52,676,397,950 -441

38.01 92.26 152.27 88.12 -6.13

-10,217,429,731 -67,445,835,934 -7,194,372,174 -60,251,463,760 -3,619

-98.60 -54.90 -69.13 -53.58 -53.58

38

Nhn xt: Qua bng phn tch ta thy, tnh hnh hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty nm 2009 c li nhun sau thu ca n l cao nht, sau l nm 2008 v thp nht l nm 2010. C th nh gi khi qut hot ng kinh doanh nh sau: Doanh thu ca cng ty tng theo nm, nm 2008 t c 758,680,669,133 ng v sang nm 2009 tng ln 91,327,113,457 ng tng ng tng 12.04%. n nm 2010 doanh thu ny t c 986,165,504,834 ng tc l n tng thm ln 136,157,722,244 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng tng 16.02%. C ngha l cng ty thc hin tt trong vic y mnh xut khu ca mnh. Cc khon gim tr doanh thu cng tng ln qua cc nm, nm 2008 t 1,241,940,616 ng, nm 2009 tng ln 1,166,925,660 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng tng 93.96%. Sang nm 2010 cc khon ny cng tng ln 33,948,049 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng tng 1.41%. Nguyn nhn y c th l do hng bn b tr li. Doanh thu thun qua cc nm cng tng ln, nm 2009 tng ln 90,160,187,797 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng tng 11.9%. Nm 2010 tng ln 136,123,774,195 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng tng 16.06%. Gi vn hng bn cng tng qua cc nm, nm 2008 gi vn ny l 624,038,837,616 ng, nm 2009 gi vn ny tng ln 37,184,874,921 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng tng 5.96%. Nm 2010 gi ny tng ln 181,402,043,058 ng, tng ng tng 27.43% so vi nm 2009. Gi vn hng bn ny tng ln do hot ng thu mua nguyn vt liu cho sn xut tng ln dn n gi thnh phm cng tng ln. Thm vo l s tng ln ca chi ph bn hng v chi ph qun l doanh nghip cng phn no y gi thnh sn phm tng cao. Chi ph bn hng nm 2009 tng ln 2,111,166,385 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng tng 4.05%, cn nm 2010 tng ln 17,454,897,000 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng tng 32.19%. Chi ph qun l doanh nghip nm 2009 cng tng ln 6,179,120,419 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng tng ln 59.16% v nm 2010 chi ph qun l ny tng thm ln 2,048,239,902, tng ng tng 15.32% so vi nm 2009. Li nhun trc thu ca doanh nghip vo nm 2009 tng mnh, tng 58,958,470,870 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng vi tng 92.26%, v n nm 2010 th li nhun ny gim xung 67,445,835,934 ng, tng ng vi gim 54.9%. S d

39

nm 2009 li nhun ny tng nhanh nh vy l do gi kch cu kch thch nn kinh t pht trin ca chnh ph. Cc doanh nghip c h tr li sut phc v kinh doanh, sn xut. c bit i vi hot ng kinh doanh xut khu, nh nc khng nhng h tr li sut m cn u tin trong vic gim cc loi thu nh thu xut khu. iu ny lm cho li nhun sau thu ca doanh nghip tng ln ng k vo nm 2009, tng ln 52,676,397,950 ng, tng ng vi tng 88.12% so vi nm 2008. V nm 2010 li nhun ny gim 60,251,463,760 ng, tng ng gim 53.58% so vi nm 2009. Hng nm cng ty u hon thnh nhim vu ng thu cho nh nc, nm 2008 l 4,125,524,865 ng, nm 2009 tng ln 152.27% so vi nm 2008, tng ng tng 6,282,072,920 ng. cn nm 2010 cng ty ch phi np 3,213,225,611 ng gim i 69.13% so vi nm 2009. Nhn chung trong giai on 2008 n 2010 l thi k m nn kinh t th gii suy thoi,v sang nm 2010 c u hiu ca s phc hi nhng vn cn kh khn. iu nh hng khng nh n tnh hnh xut khu ca nc ta. Nhiu doanh nghip khng tr c dn n ph sn. Trong khi cng ty F17 vn tr c, l nh kh nng qun l ca doanh nghip cng thm uy tn ca cng ty i vi khch hng v sn phm ca cng ty khng ngng nng cao v cht lng v cch phc v ca mnh. nh gi hiu qu hot ng sn xut kinh doanh: Li nhun sau thu T sut LNST trn DT = Doanh thu thun Li nhun sau thu T sut LNST trn ti sn (ROA) = Tng ti sn Li nhun sau thu T sut LNST trn vn ch s hu (ROE) = Vn ch s hu *100 *100 * 100

40

Bng 9: phn tch kh nng sinh li vt: ng. Ch tiu Li nhun sau thu Doanh thu thun Tng ti sn Vn ch s hu T sut LNST trn DT T sut LNST trn ti sn (ROA) T sut LNST trn vn ch s hu (ROE) Nhn xt: Nhn chung ta thy vo nm 2009 l nm c cc t sut cao nht trong ba nm. Nm 2008 t sut li nhun sau thu trn doanh thu l 7.89%, nm 2009 t sut ny tng ln 5.38% so vi nm 2008, nhng n nm 2010 t sut ny gim xung 7.96% so vi nm 2009. Tc l nm 2010 t sut li nhun sau thu trn doanh thu t 5.31% c ngha l c 1 ng doanh thu v thu nhp thu v trong k th s c 5.31% ng li nhun sau thu vo nm 2008, Li nhun sau thu thu c t doanh thu vo nm 2009 l cao nht cho thy hot ng kinh doanh hiu qu hn so vi 2 nm cn li. T sut li nhun sau thu trn ti sn (ROA) vo nm 2008 l 17.00% c ngha l bnh qun 1 ng tng ti sn a vo hot ng sn xut kinh doanh th to c 17.00% ng li nhun sau thu, ch s ny tng ln vo nm 2009 l 22.49%, tc l nm ny 1 ng ti sn a vo sn xut kinh doanh t hiu qu cao hn. Nhng sang nm 2010 th hiu qu ca 1 ng ti sn ny ch cn l 12.09%, chng t cng ty s dng ti sn trong qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh nm nay khng tt. T sut li nhun sau thu trn vn ch s hu(ROE) vo nm 2008 l 52.94% c ngha l bnh qun 1 ng vn ch s hu a vo sn xut kinh doanh s to c 52.94% ng li nhun sau thu v ch s ny tng vo nm 2009 l 57.57%, tc l nm ny bnh qun 1 ng vn ch s hu a vo sn xut kinh doanh s to c ng li nhun sau thu cao hn l c 57.57%. Sang nm 2010 th t s ny gim xung cn Nm 2008 59,777,425,787 757,438,728,517 351,653,003,533 112,910,443,596 7.89 17.00 52.94 Nm 2009 112,453,823,737 847,598,916,314 500,104,779,984 195,325,740,749 13.27 22.49 57.57 Nm 2010 52,202,359,977 983,722,690,509 431,609,029,931 230,915,862,611 5.31 12.09 22.61

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22.61%, chng t hiu qu s dng vn ch s hu trong qu trnh sn xut nm 2010 khng tt nh 2 nm cn li.

1.2.4.2.

nh gi tnh hnh ti chnh ca cng ty:

1.2.4.2.1. Phn tch bng cn i k ton: i vi ti sn C cu ti sn ca nm 2008: Ti sn ngn hn chim nhiu hn ti sn di hn. N chim 65.33% tng ng l 229,745,874,579 ng, trong : Tin v cc khon tng ng tin c 9,013,554,989 ng chim 2.56%. Cc khon phi thu ngn hn khc chim cao nht trong ti sn ngn hn vi 189,555,356,121 ng chim 53.9%. iu ny cho thy cng ty ang b chim dng mt lng vn kh ln. Nguyn nhn c th l do vic thanh ton cc hp ng xut khu hng thng din ra sau mt thi gian khi xut hng ha ch ngi ta khng thanh ton ngay. V d l th trng M, khi xut hng sang M th cng ty ch nhn c c 30%, cn 70% th phi ch FDA kim tra. Khi h chp nhn th h s thanh ton cho mnh. Hng tn kho chim 6.93% tng ng l 24,359,415,860 ng. Ti sn ngn hn khc chim 1.94% tng ng l 6,817,547,609 ng. Cc khon phi thu di hn chim t nht l 0.15% tng ng vi 517,350,000 ng. Tip theo l ti sn c nh chim 14.22% tng ng l 50,002,577,046 ng. Cc khon u t ti chnh di hn chim 20.24% tng ng vi 71,175,414,643 ng. C cu ti sn nm 2009: Ta thy ti sn nm 2009 tng so vi nm 2008 l 148,451,776,451 ng tng ng vi tng 42.22%. Nguyn nhn l ti sn ngn hn v ti sn di hn u tng.

Ti sn di hn chim 34.67% tng ng vi 121,907,128,954 ng, trong :

42

Ti sn ngn hn nm 2009 tng 129,002,350,377 ng so vi nm 2008 tng ng vi tng 56.15%, trong : Tin v cc khon tng ng tin tng ln 42,079,845,762 ng, tc l tng ln 466.85%. C th ni rng lng tin tng nh vy lm cho kh nng thanh ton cc khon n ca cng ty tt hn, cng ty c kh nng t ch v vn trong sn xut kinh doanh tt hn. Cc khon thu ngn hn tng ln 34,978,723,794 ng, tng ng vi tng 18.45% so vi nm 2008. Nu nh vic tng tin vn l vn tt th vic tng cc khon thu ngn hn l iu khng c tt v lc ny vn ca mnh b khch hng chim dng nhiu hn. Hng tn kho tng 46,797,625,013 ng, tng ng vi tng 192.11%. iu ny nh hng khng tt n qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. V khi hng tn kho tng ln th cng ty s b ng vn. Mt khc, do tnh cht ca mt . hng thy sn l mt hng d h hng nn lng hng tn trong kho s nh hng n cht lng ca mt hng, cn lu th n s mang n thit hi cho cng ty. Mc d n c th gii quyt c cc n hng lc tri ma, nhng cng khng th tn nh vy c. Cc khon u t ti chnh ngn hn khc cng tng 4,336,155,808 ng, tng ng tng 63.60%. iu ny chng t cng ty lm n c hiu qu hn, u t qua cc lnh vc khc.

- Ti sn di hn ca cng ty nm 2009 cng tng ln 19,449,426,074 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng vi 15.95%, trong : cc khon thu di hn gim 26.72% so vi nm 2009 tng ng vi gim 138,220,000 ng, chng t cng ty gii quyt tt trong vic thu hi cc khon n di hn.Ti sn c nh cng tng ln 14,426,089,709 ng, tng ng tng 28.85%, cho thy vt cht ca cng ty c trang b thm phc v cho sn xut.Cc khon u t ti chnh di hn tng ln 4,962,274,925 ng, tng ng tng 6.97% , y l du hiu tt v vic u t ca cng ty t c hiu qu. Cng vi n l s tng ln ca ti sn di hn khc, tng 199,281,440 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng tng 94.1%.

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C cu ti sn nm 2010: Nm 2010 ti sn di hn vn tng nhng ti sn ngn hn li gim i rt nhiu. Mc tng ca ti sn di hn khng b p bng mc gim ca ti sn ngn hn nn ti sn nm 2010 gim 68,495,750,053 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng vi gim 13.7%. C th nh sau: Ti sn ngn hn nm 2010 gim so vi nm 2009 l134,367,330,095 ng, tng ng vi gim 37.45%, trong : Tin v cc khon tng ng tin tip tc tng ln 80,068,388,398 ng, tc l tng ln 156.71%. C th ni rng iu ny s c cc nh u t, ngi ch vay xem y l biu hin tt v kh nng thanh ton ca cng ty. Tuy nhin lng tin mt nhn ri qu cng khng tt, v ta s khng tn dng c kh nng ca ng tin l: tin ra tin. Ngc li vi nm 2009, nm 2010 cc khon thu ngn hn gim xung 171,384,868,630 ng, tng ng vi gim 76.33%, chng t cng ty tch cc hn trong vic n nn v cng ty thu c nhiu hn cc khon thu t khch hng ca mnh. Gim c mc b chim dng vn m thay vo l c vn b vo kinh doanh. Hng tn kho cng gim 40,775,423,827 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng gim 57.3%, y l du hiu tt cho thy cng ty c nhng bin php nhm gim lng hng tn kho, v hng tn kho t b ng hn. ng vn s c s dng hiu qu hn. Cc ti sn ngn hn khc gim 1,465,426,036 ng, tng ng gim 13.14%. Ti sn di hn tng ln 65,871,580,042 ng, tng ng vi 46.6%. Nguyn nhn ch yu l ti sn c nh tng v cc khon u t ti chnh di hn tng. C th nh sau: Ti sn c nh tng ln 32,689,378,851 ng, tng ng tng 50.74%, chng t cng ty cng ngy cng ch trng hn v c s vt cht ca mnh, lun tng cng u t nhng cng ngh mi phc v cho sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty.

44

Cc khon u t ti chnh di hn cng tng ln 33,164,310,432 ng, tng ng tng 43.56%. Cng ty cng ch trng hn vo cc u t di hn ca mnh. Cc ti sn di hn khc tng 19,390,759 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng tng 4.72%. Cc khon thu di hn gim 1,500,000 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng gim 0.4%. Cc khon thu di hn gim rt t so vi nm 2009, cng ty cn c cc bin php hiu qu hn thc y cc khon ny c thu nhanh chng hn. i vi ngun vn:

C cu ngun vn nm 2008 th tng ngun vn l 351,653,003,533 ng v sang nm 2009 th tng ngun vn ny tng ln 148,451,776,451 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng vi tng 42.22%. Nguyn nhn l do n phi tr v vn ch s hu tng ln vo nm 2009. Nm 2010 tng ngun vn gim xung 68,495,750,053 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng gim 13.7%., do n phi tr gim xung v ngun vn tng ln. C th nh sau: N phi tr: N phi tr chim t trng rt ln 67.07% vo nm 2008, tng ng vi 235,866,818,964 ng. Trong n ngn hn l 222,028,968,964 ng chim 63.14% v n di hn l 13,837,850,000 ng chim 3.94%. Sau n phi tr tng thm 68,169,699,398 ng so vi nm 2008, tng ng vi tng 28.9%. ngha l nm 2009 th n ngn hn l 304,036,518,362 ng, chim 67.09%. Cng ty tng s chim dng vn ca nh cung cp v khch hng. Trong n ngn hn tng ln 71,711,129,756 ng, tng ng vi tng 32.3% v n di hn gim 3,541,430,358 ng, tng ng vi gim 25.59%. N di hn tng chng t cng ty ch trng hn vo vic u t thm nhiu d n kinh doanh lu di. Thm vo nm 2009 l nm tnh hnh th gii c nhiu bin ng, nh hng n sn xut trong nc lm nguyn liu u vo tng, buc cng ty phi tng ngun vn vay tip tc u t, duy tr v m rng sn xut trong iu kin kh khn. V th lm cho cc khon n phi tr tng ln. Bc sang nm 2010 th n phi tr ca cng ty gim xung 103,343,351,042 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng vi gim 33.99%. Chng t cng ty thanh ton 45

c mt phn ca n ngn hn, tc l gim kh nng trong vic chim dng vn ca nh cung ng v khch hng. M trong n ngn hn gim 93,817,131,400, tc l gim 31.94% so vi nm 2009, cng vi th n di hn cng gim theo 9,526,219,642 ng, tng ng gim 92.52%. Ngun vn ch s hu: Qua bng trn ta thy ngun vn ch s hu tng ln sau mi nm, vo nm 2008 l 115,786,184,569 ng, chim 32.93%. Trong vn ch s hu chim a phn, t 112,910,443,596 ng, tng ng vi 32.11%. Phn cn li 0.82% l ca ngun kinh ph v qu khc,tng ng 2,875,740,973 ng. Nm 2009 ngun vn ny tng ln 80,282,077,053 ng, tng ng tng 69.34% so vi nm 2008. Trong vn ch s hu tng ln 79.22% so vi nm 2008, tng ng vi tng 82,415,297,153 ng. Ngun kinh ph v qu khc gim xung 2,133,220,100 ng, tng ng vi gim 74.18% V nm 2010 t 230,915,862,611 ng, n tng ln 17.77% so vi nm 2009. Trong ngun vn ca ch s hu tng thm 35,590,121,862 ng so vi nm 2009, tng ng tng 18.22%. Nm ny ngun kinh ph v qu khc khng c. Ngun vn ngy cng tng cho thy cng ty dn dn quan tm n ngun ch s hu gim s ph thuc vn vay. 1.2.4.2.2. nh gi khi qut tnh hnh ti chnh ca cng ty: 1.2.4.2.2.1. Phn tch t sut u t ti sn c nh: Bng 10: phn tch t sut u t ti sn c nh trong 3 nm.

Ch tiu TSC v TDH Tng ti sn T sut u t TSC Nhn xt:

nm 2008 121,907,128,95 4 351,653,003,53 3 34.67

nm 2009 141,356,555,02 8 500,104,779,98 4 28.27

nm 2010 207,228,135,070 431,609,029,931 48.01

T sut u t ti sn c nh phn nh tnh hnh u t, tnh hnh trang b c s vt cht k thut, xy dng ca doanh nghip. 46

T sut u t TSC= (TSC v TDH)/( Tng ti sn). Nm 2008 t sut u t ti sn c nh l 34.67%, sang nm 2009 t sut ny gim xung cn 28.27%, mc quan tm n ti sn c nh gim xung. Nm 2010 t sut ny t 48.01% chng t cng ty ch trng n mua sm , xy dng c s vt cht, m rng quy m sn xut kinh doanh. 1.2.4.2.2.2. Phn tch h s n v h s ti tr: N phi tr H s n = Tng ngun vn Vn ch s hu H s ti tr= Tng ngun vn Bng 11: phn tch h s n v h s ti tr ca cng ty trong ba nm: Ch tiu N phi tr Vn ch s hu Tng ngun vn H s n H s ti tr Nhn xt: Nm 2008 Nm 2009 235,866,818,964 304,036,518,36 2 115,786,184,569 196,068,261,62 2 351,653,003,533 500,104,779,98 0.67 0.32 4 0.60 0.39 Nm 2010 200,693,167,320 230,915,862,611 431,609,029,931 0.46 0.53

Nm 2008 h s n l 0.67 c ngha l trong tng vn ca cng ty c 67% gi tr ti sn c hnh thnh t ngun vn vay. Cng ty ang chim dng vn ca ngi khc to ra li nhun, nhng h s ny cao s ri ro cao. H s ny gim xung theo nm, nm 2009 ch cn 0.6 v nm 2010 cn 0.46. Vy ta gim s dng vn ca nh cung cp v khch hng. Do n phi tr gim v vn ca cng ty tng ln, du hieeuk tt cho ti chnh ca cng ty.

47

H s ti tr ca nm 2008 l 0.32 v n tng theo thi gian, nm 2009 l 0.39 v nm 2010 l 0.53. Qua y ta thy c mc gp vn ca ch s hu vo qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ngy cng tng ln v kh nng t ch v mt ti chnh cng c nng cao. C th hn l nm 2008 c 1 ng vn b ra cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh th c n 0.67 ng l vn vay cn 0.32 ng l vn ch s hu. Nhng n nm 2010 th c 1 ng vn b ra cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh th c 0.46 ng l vn vay cn 0.53 ng l vn ch s hu. Thm vo l t s n ca cng ty vo nm 2010 thp hn t s n ca ngnh vo nm 2010 l 0.59 nn cc ch n s thch hn v cng ty c kh nng tr n cao hn. 1.2.4.2.2.3. nh gi kh nng thanh ton ca cng ty: Ti sn ngn hn H s thanh ton hin hnh = N ngn hn Ti sn ngn hn hng tn kho H s thanh ton n ngn hn= N ngn hn Tin v u t ngn hn H s thanh ton nhanh = N ngn hn Bng 12: nh gi kh nng thanh ton ca cng ty Ch tiu Ti sn ngn hn Hng tn kho N ngn hn Tin v u t ngn hn Tng ti sn Chi ph li vay Li nhun trc thu Nm 2008 229,745,874,579 24,359,415,860 222,028,968,964 9,013,554,989 351,653,003,533 20,326,223,173 63,902,950,652 Nm 2009 358,748,224,95 6 71,157,040,873 293,740,098,72 0 51,093,400,751 500,104,779,98 4 16,683,365,027 122,861,421,52 2 Nm 2010 224,380,894,861 30,381,617,046 199,922,967,320 131,161,789,149 431,609,029,931 15,213,811,551 55,415,585,588

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H s thanh ton hin hnh H s thanh ton n ngn hn H s thanh ton nhanh H s thanh ton li vay Nhn xt:

1.03 0.93 0.04 4.14

1.22 0.98 0.17 8.36

1.12 0.97 0.66 4.64

H s thanh ton hin hnh cho bit cng ty c bao nhiu ti sn c th chuyn i thnh tin mt m bo thanh ton cc khon n ngn hn.Nm 2008 h s thanh ton hin hnh ca cng ty l 1.03 c ngha l c 100 ng ngn hn th c m bo bng 103 ng ti sn ngn hn. Nm 2009 h s ny tng ln 0.19 v sang nm 2010 th cn 1.12. Ta thy cc h s ny u ln hn 1 chng t cng ty c kh nng thanh ton tt, c ti sn lu ng m bo n vay. H s thanh ton n ngn hn ca cng ty nm 2008 l 0.93 ngha l 1 ng n ngn hn ca cng ty c m bo 0.93 ng ti sn ngn hn, tng t nm 2009: 1 ng n ngn hn ca cng ty c m bo 0.98 ng ti sn ngn hn. Sang nm 2010 th 1 ng n ngn hn ca cng ty ch cn c m bo 0.97 ng ti sn ngn hn. Kh nng thaanh ton n ngn hn ca cng ty khng cao. H s thanh ton nhanh l kh nng thanh ton tc thi i vi cc khon n n hn tr. Nm 2008 h s ny bng 0.04 c ngha l c 1 ng n ngn hn th c 0.04 ng tin tr n. iu ny chng t cng ty ang gp kh khn v tin phc v nhu cu sn xut kinh doanh v thanh ton cng n n hn. n nm 2009 cng ty c nhng chin lc tng tin v u t ti sn ngn hn nn h s thanh ton lc ny t c 0.17, nhng h s ny nh hn 0.5 nn ko an ton. Sang nm 2010 h s ny tng ln v t c 0.66, nguyn nhn l do tin ca cng ty tng nhanh trong khi n ngn hn li gim. y l du hiu tt v kh nng thanh ton nhanh ca cng ty. H s thanh ton li vay l mc an ton c th i vi nh cung cp tn dng, y l nhng ch tiu nh gi hiu qu s dng vn vay ca doanh nghip. Nm 2008 h s thanh ton li vay ca cng ty 4.14, nm 2009 l 8.36 v nm 2010 l 4.64. C 3 nm h s ny iu ln hn 1, nh vy cng ty s dng hiu qu vn vay v c kh nng thanh ton li vay. 1.2.4.2.3. Phn tch cc ch s hot ng ca cng ty: 1.2.4.2.3.1. Phn tch tnh hnh s dng hng tn kho:

49

Gi vn hng bn S vng quay hng tn kho = HTK bnh qun S ngy trong k K lun chuyn hng tn kho = S vng quay hng tn kho Bng 13: phn tch tnh hnh s dng hng tn kho qua 2 nm Ch tiu Nm 2009 661,223,712,53 Nm 2010 842,625,755,595 50,769,328,960 16.60 22

Gi vn hng bn 7 HTK bnh qun 47,758,228,370 S vng quay hng tn kho 13.85 K lun chuyn hng tn kho Nhn xt: 26

Nm 2009 s vng quay hng tn kho l 13.85 vng v k lun chuyn hng tn kho l 26 ngy, c ngha l trong k kinh doanh bnh qun hng tn kho quay c 13.85 vng, mi vng mt 26 ngy. Sang nm 2010 th s vng quay tng ln c 16.6 vng v s ngy vng quay rt ngn xung cn 22 ngy. Chng t hng tn kho ca cng ty c tiu th nhanh hn 1.2.4.2.3.2. Phn tch tnh hnh lun chuyn cc khon phi thu: DT v TN khc S vng quay cc khon phi thu = Phi thu bnh qun S ngy trong k K lun chuyn cc khon phi thu = S vng quay cc khon phi thu Bng 14: phn tch tnh hnh lun chuyn cc khon phi thu trong 2 nm. Ch tiu DT v TN khc Nm 2009 847,598,916,31 Nm 2010 983,722,690,509

50

4 207,044,718,00 Phi thu bnh qun S vng quay cc khon phi thu K lun chuyn cc khon phi thu Nhn xt: 0 4.09 88 138,841,645,600 7.09 51

Nm 2009 s vng quay ca cc khon phi thu l 4.09 vng v k lun chuyn ca cc khon phi thu l 88 ngy, c ngha l trong k kinh doanh bnh qun cc khon phi thu quay c 4.09 vng v mi vng quay mt 88 ngy. Nm 2010 s vng quay ca cc khon phi thu l 7.09 vng hn nm 2009 l 3 vng v k lun chuyn ca n l 51 ngy, c ngha l trong k kinh doanh bnh qun cc khon phi thu quay c 7.09 vng v mi vng quay mt 51 ngy. iu ny cho thy nm 2010 cng ty t b chim dng vn hn nm 2009, nhng h s ny vn cn kh cao. 1.2.4.2.3.3. Phn tch hiu sut lun chuyn vn lu ng: DT v TN khc S vng quay ti sn ngn hn = Ti sn ngn hn bnh qun S ngy trong k K lun chuyn cc ti sn ngn hn = S vng quay ti sn ngn hn Bng 15: phn tch hiu sut lun chuyn vn lu ng. Ch tiu DT v TN khc Ti sn ngn hn bnh qun S vng quay ti sn ngn hn K lun chuyn cc ti sn ngn hn Nhn xt: Nm 2009 847,598,916,31 4 294,247,049,80 0 2.88 125 Nm 2010 983,722,690,509 291,564,559,900 3.37 107

51

Nm 2009 s vng quay ti sn ngn hn l 2.88 vng, k lun chuyn ti sn ngn hn l 125 ngy c ngha l trong k kinh doanh bnh qun ti sn ngn hn quay c 2.88 vng, mi vng quay mt 125 ngy. Nm 2010 s vng quay ti sn ngn hn tng ln 0.49 vng tc l c 3.37 vng v k lun chuyn ca n cng gim xung cn 107 c ngha l trong k kinh doanh bnh qun ti sn ngn hn quay c 3.37 vng, mi vng quay mt 107 ngy. Ta thy k lun chuyn ca ti sn ngn hn di do s vng quay ca ti sn ngn hn thp. N nh hng khng tt n tnh hnh sn xut ca cng ty v k lun chuyn ti sn ngn hn qu di, m nguyn liu thy sn li l ngun liu mang tnh ma v. 1.2.4.2.3.4. Phn tch hiu sut s dng vn c nh: DT v TN khc Hiu sut s dng ti sn di hn = Ti sn di hn bnh qun Bng 16: Phn tch hiu sut s dng vn c nh. vt: ng. Ch tiu DT v TN khc Ti sn di hn bnh qun Hiu sut s dng ti sn di hn Nhn xt: Nm 2009 847,598,916,31 4 131,631,842,00 0 6.44 Nm 2010 983,722,690,509 174,292,345,000 5.64

Nm 2009 hiu sut s dng ti sn c nh ca cng ty l 6.44 c ngha l trong k kinh doanh 1 ng ti sn di hn b vo sn xut kinh doanh to ra 6.44 ng doanh thu v thu nhp khc. Nm 2010 hiu sut s dng ti sn di hn gim xung cn 5.64 c ngha l trong k kinh doanh 1 ng ti sn di hn b vo sn xut kinh doanh to ra 5.64 ng doanh thu v thu nhp khc. Ta thy nm 2010 hiu sut s dng ti sn di hn ny gim xung chng t l cng ty s dng ngun vn ny ko t hiu qu bng nm 2009.

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1.2.5. 1.2.5.1.

NH GI KHI QUT THC TRNG CA DOANH NGHIP QUA CC NM: Qun tr chin lc:

Gn 35 nm thnh lp v pht trin cng ty c phn Nha Trang c nhng im mnh, im yu, c hi v nguy c nh sau: im mnh: Cng ty F17 c uy tn trn th trng v c nhiu khch hng trung thnh t cc th trng ln nh M, Nht v EU. Cng ty c i ng cn b thu mua linh hot v nhiu kinh nghim. Vic thu mua c tin hnh cc tnh min trung( t Qung Nam n Bnh Thun) l ni c vng nguyn liu ln v di do. Cht lng sn phm ca cng ty c nh gi cao trn nhiu th trng. L 1 cng ty dn u v ch bin v xut khu thy sn a bn tnh Khnh Ha. im yu: Cng ty cha c b phn Marketing ring nn vic qun b thng hiu cn yu. Vic thu mua nguyn liu qua nu cn nhiu nn kim tra cht lng t ngun ny cn lng lo. Cng ty cha thnh lp c chui lin kt trao i thng tin gia th trng, qung b sn phm v kin phn hi ca ngi tiu dng. Trnh tay ngh ca cng nhn cha cao. Cng ty cha ch ng trong vic gip ngi nui trng v thng tin th trng v kin thc nui trng. C hi: V th cng ty nm trn khu vc min trung l vng c ngun nguyn liu rt di do. Ngi M rt a chung sn phm thy sn ca cng ty. Cc quc gia lm n vi cng ty l nhng nc c nn kinh t pht trin, thu nhp cao, nn nhu cu v thc phm c bit l thc phm tt cho sc khe nh thy sn l rt cao. Vasep c thnh lp gip cc doanh nghip bo v quyn li, nm bt c nhiu thng tin v hot ng hiu qu hn.

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Tuy ngnh gp nhiu kh khn nhng n vn l ngnh xut khu ch lc ca Vit Nam nn n nhn c nhiu s h tr hn ca Nh nc ni chung v ca tnh Khnh Ha ni ring.

C quan t chc thy sn cng h tr rt nhiu trong vic a ra cc bin php hng dn v kim sot cht lng sn xut ging, nui trng v ch bin. Thnh thc: Cc v tranh chp thng mi, v kin bn ph gi(c tra, c basa, tm,) s nh hng n ngnh thy sn v nh hng n lnh vc xut khu ca cng ty. S cnh tranh ngy cnh tng v cng ngh( t cc nc pht trin: M, Nht, ) v cnh tranh v gi c ca cc cng ty trong nc v ngoi nc. Yu cu v cht lng v v sinh thc phm ngy cng cao, cng vi vn truy xut ngun gc ca nguyn liu, i ny l ro cn i vi cng ty. nhim v mi trng nc, v bin ngy cng nghim trng, gy ra dch bnh, nh hng khng tt n cht lng ca cc nguyn liu u vo. Hiu qu ca nui trng thy sn cha n nh nn ngun liu u vo cng khng n nh c v cht lng ln s lng. Khu vc thu mua ca cng ty ch yu l min trung, m ni y thng xuyn xy ra l lt , hn hn nn nh hng rt ln n ngun nguyn liu.

ra chin lc: Phi hp cht ch vi nh cung cp nguyn liu u vo, h tr v ging v k thut h c th to ra c sn phm tt nht cho cng ty. Qung b thng hiu, sn phm nhiu hn n khch hng trong nc v quc t. m bo cht lng v s lng ca sn phm khi n tay ngi tiu dng, to c s khc bit ca sn phm v nng cao sc cnh tranh ca mnh. Nng cao cht lng o to cn b trong cng ty. y mnh cng tc xc tin thng mi cng c v pht trin cc th trng truyn thng, cc th trng ln (EU, Nht, M) v pht trin m rng cc th trng ng u, Trung ng, Trung Quc, Hn Quc... 1.2.5.2. Qun tr nhn s:

54

Hin nay s lng nhn vin ca cng ty hn 800 ngi trong s ngi c trnh i hc, cao ng l 115 ngi( bng lao ng vo ngy 01/01/2010). S lng ny chim kh nh trong cng ty. Ch lm vic l 8 gi/ngy, 44 gi/tun. i vi b phn sn xut ch b tr 1 ca lm vic 8 gi v tng ca(nu c) cng khng qu 4 gi. V cng ty theo cng vic m cng ty c nhng chnh sch i ng nhn vin khc nhau. V d nh c hng ph cp tin lng khi lm vic ngoi gi, hay chi ph cng tc, chi ph i li, Cng ty lun m bo quyn li ca ngi lao ng theo ng quy nh ca nh nc, cng ty v lut lao ng. Cng ty o to chuyn mn nghip v da vo cng vic v kt qu nh gi, cng ty cng phn tch nhu cu o to v thit k cc chng trnh o to sao cho ph hp vi nhn vin. Cho cc nhn vin i d cc bui hi tho, hi ch v cc kha o to nc ngoi. Bn cnh cng ty lun quan tm n lc lng lao ng mi, c ngi c kinh nghim km cp nhng ngi mi, 1.2.5.3. Qun tr cht lng: Vi nhu cu pht trin sn xut kinh doanh cng nh p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao v cht lng sn phm v dch v phc v khch hng, cng ty p dng h thng qun l cht lng t tiu chun nh HACCP, GMP, ISO 9001-2000, BRC. i vi sn phm th b phn kim tra cht lng s kim tra t khu nguyn liu u vo. Hot ng ny ch yu da vo kinh nghim ca i ng kim tra cht lng KCS v cng nhn ch bin lnh ngh, h tin hnh nh gi bng cm quan quyt nh nguyn liu no t yu cu chuyn vo khu tip theo l sn xut. Nguyn liu sau khi thnh sn phm cng c ly mu ngu nhin tin hnh kim nghim i chiu vi mu nguyn liu kim tra trc . Nu thnh phm v mu nguyn liu u t yu cu th thnh phm s c ng gi, nhp kho v ch giao hng. Nu khng t yu cu th l hng s khng c xut i. V vic kim tra cht lng ny lun i theo sut qu trnh ch bin. S d phi lm k nh vy l do y l thc phm ti sng v d b nhim khng sinh. Vic xy dng h thng kim tra cht lng cht ch nh vy s gip cho sn phm ca cng ty ngy cng tt hn v nng cao v th cnh tranh trn trng quc t. 1.2.5.4. Qun tr sn xut:

55

Sn xut l mt khu quan trng ca qu trnh to ra sn phm.Trong ngnh ch bin thy sn th khu ny phn ln l lao ng th cng nn nhiu khi cng nhn phi m nhn nhiu khu ca qu trnh sn xut Cc mt hng ca cng ty ny ch yu l cc tm, mc, c, gh ng lnh, cc loi hi sn kh v tm gia v.

Quy trnh sn xut chung ca cng ty:

56

57

Nguyn liu

Tip nhn

Ra v bo qun

Ch bin

Cp ng

Ch bin gia nhit, ngm tm

Bao gi

Bo qun

Tiu th

Xut khu

Th trng ni a

S 2: quy trnh sn xut chung ca cng ty 1.2.5.5. H thng thng tin qun l:

H thng qun l thng tin ca cng ty vn cn kh ri rc v cha c s lin kt vi nhau trong mt h thng phn mm. Cng ty cha c b phn IT ring do cng cha c chuyn vin lp trnh v web ca cng ty nn trang web ca cng ty t c s u t, t c ngi cp nht. iu ny ta thy trn trang web ca cng ty ch c nhng thng tin chung v cng ty v cc sn phm ca cng ty, n cha phn nh c cc hoat ng ca cng ty. Hot ng cp nht thng tin v pht trin website hu nh khng c, thng tin khch hng c th tra cu v cc

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sn phm ca cng ty cn rt hn ch. Ta thy cc hot ng ch nm 2008 cn nhng nm sau khng thy u t. Cng vic ca mi nhn vin u s dng h thng file ring ch yu trn Word v Excel l ch yu.

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PHN II CHUYN HP

2.1.NGUYN LIU THY SN, C IM, PHN LOI V VAI TR CA NGUYN LIU THY SN. 2.1.1. Khi nim nguyn liu thy sn: Nguyn liu l mt trong ba yu t c bn( sc lao ng, i tng lao ng v t liu lao ng) ca qu trnh sn xut. N cng l c s vt cht hnh thnh nn sn phm mi. Nguyn liu thy sn l cc ng thc vt sng trong mi trng nc, c khai thc, sn xut ra v tip tc a vo qu trnh sn xut, ch bin. Trong qu trnh sn xut n phm th nguyn liu ch tham gia vo mt chu k sn xut, chng b hao mn ton b v thay i hnh thi vt cht ban u cu thnh thc th ca sn phm. V mt gi tr th nguyn liu chuyn ton b phn gi tr vo gi tr sn phm mi to ra. Ngun nguyn liu thy sn ca nc ta rt phong ph v a dng, bao gm ngun li thy sn nc ngt v ngun li hi sn. Nguyn liu thy sn khng nhng c i dng, ven bin, sng h,m n cn c mt lng ln trong nui trng. Hin nay ngun nguyn liu thy sn nui trng chim vai tr quan trng ng gp vo thy sn hng nm ca nc ta. 2.1.2. c im: Ngun nguyn liu thy sn c nhng c im sau: 2.1.2.1. Kh nng phc hi t nhin ca nguyn liu thy sn: Ngun nguyn liu thy sn l mt ti nguyn v cng qu gi v c kh nng ti to li, c gi tr kinh t, k thut v c ngha quan trong i vi i sng v s pht trin kinh t ca nhn dn ta. Kh nng phc hi t nhin ca ngun nguyn liu thy sn ph thuc vo c im ca ging loi thy sn, mi trng, iu kin kh hu, thi tit, dng chy,cng khai thc ca con ngi, V vy, c c ngun nguyn liu n nh

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cho sn xut, chng ta cn phi bit khai thc ngun li mt cch hp l, ch ng p dng nhiu bin php trong vic bo v v pht trin ngun li thy sn. Thc t cho thy rng mun khai thc, bo v, v pht trin ngun thy sn th ta cn c nhng bin php qun l cht ch hn. Thng thng ngi ta hay khai thc hp l bng cch: iu tra, thm d, xc nh tr lng chng loi ca ngun li. Trong tng vng khai thc, da vo kch thc c trng thnh m quy nh kch thc mt li khai thc i vi tng loi. Nghim cm nh bt bng cht n, r in, ha cht, c tnh cht hy dit. Cm khai thc cc i tng thy sn trong ma sinh sn ca chng. Bn cnh th vic nui trng thy sn cng l cch c kh nng ti to ngun li c s dng. con ngi s to iu kin cn thit ti sinh s lng c khai thc bng cch: 2.1.2.2. Ch ng pht trin ngnh nui. p dng cc bin php hiu qu pht trin ngun li thy sn. Cm khai thc ty tin, cht ph rng u ngun, r r cht c hi lm nhim mi trng sng ca sinh vt thy sn. Tnh thi v: y l c im ch yu lm nh hng n qu trnh sn xut v xut khu thy sn. Do tp qun sinh sng v c im sinh hc ca cc loi nguyn liu thy sn, cng vi s thay i c tnh cht chu k trong nm do cc iu kin thy l (dng chy, nhit ,), thy ha (nng mui, cc khong cht, hm lng oxy,), v thy sinh (h sinh vt, mi,) ca mi trng sng to nn s bin ng sn luowngjcuar c s nguyn liu thy sn vn c tnh cht chu k ny. Theo thng k th ma v chnh ca ngnh thy sn pha Bc t thng 12 n thng 7 nm sau, pha Nam t thng ging n thng 10 (m lch). c tnh ma v ca c s nguyn liu l nhn t ch yu gy nn tnh ma v ca nguyn liu thy sn. c im ny gy nh hng n nng sut lao ng cng nh sn lng.

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Vic nghin cu, nh gi ng tnh ma v s c ngha ln trong vic t chc khai thc, sn xut. ng thi cho php chng ta tm ra nhng bin php khc phc tnh ma v nh t chc ph hp gip cho vic khai thc thy sn c hot ng quanh nm m khng nh hng n tr lng v phc v cho hot ng ch bin ca ngnh ch bin tt hn. C th: Tng cng trang b k thut cho hot ng khai thc, lm tt cng tc dch v hu cn. Trong ch bin ch trng a dng ha mt hng, kt hp chuyn mn ha sn xut vi kinh doanh tng hp tn dng kh nng sn xut. Nm bt kh nng khai thc v nui trng tng loi nguyn liu trong vng c k hoch ch ng trong vic to ngun nguyn liu cho ch bin.

S 3: biu din tnh ma v ca nguyn liu thy sn

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2.1.2.3.

Tnh bin ng ca ngun nguyn liu: Do nh hng ca c tnh ma v m ngun nguyn liu thy sn lun c s

bin ng theo iu kin t nhin, mi trng sinh thi, trong tng ma v, thi tit, ng trng, thi gian khc nhau. Cc loi c bin thng c tc di chuyn kh nhanh, c quy lut sinh trng v tp qun sinh sng khc nhau. Chng sng qun t thnh tng n v thch nghi vi tng iu kin mi trng nht nh. Mc khc, nhiu loi cn c tp tnh di c theo ma. Chnh v vy m tr lng ngun li lun c s bin ng, kh xc nh chnh xc. iu ny nh hng n kt qu ca hot ng khai thc, lm cho ngnh thy sn cng mang nhiu yu t ri ro. 2.1.2.4. S phn b khng ng iu ca nguyn liu thy sn: Nc ta c ng b bin di vi ngun li thy sn rt phong ph, nhng do iu kin t nhin mi trng c s khc nhau gia cc vng, do c tnh v ngun thc n, nhit , dng chy, mn,ca tng vng khc nhau nn vic phn b ngun li thy sn c s khc bit trn tng ng trng. S phn b khng u ca c s nguyn liu l cn c thc hin vic hp l ha c cu u t v xy dng cc trung tm ngh c ln. Vic nm c cc c im ny s cho php thc hin phn b ngnh ngh mt cch thch hp. Do c im ph thuc vo ngun li bin nn nguyn liu thy sn cng phn tn trn tng khu vc, ng trng. S phn b khng u ca ngun li thy sn to nn s khng ng u trong s cung cp nguyn liu trn cc vng khc nhau ca nc ta. 2.1.2.5. Tnh khu vc: C c trng theo a l. Nhng ni c bin, nhiu ao h, sng rch th nhng ni c iu kin pht trin thy sn. c bit ty theo khu vc, tng ng trng, tng ma v th c nhng sn phm cng khc nhau. V d: pha Bc cc sn phm khai thc ch yu l cc loi c ni, kh nng nui trng thy sn km hn khu vc Trung v pha Nam. pha Nam, sn lng khai thc ch yu l cc loi c y. Do

63

vy, cc c s ch bin thy sn thng l sn xut a dng cc sn phm nh: c, tm, cua, gh, mc, 2.1.2.6. c tnh mau h hng, n thi ca nguyn liu: Nguyn liu thy sn phn ln l ng vt, thc vt ti sng, d b h hng v n thi trong qu trnh bo qun v ch bin. Do vy, vic thu mua, vn chuyn nguyn liu cn phi c mt ch bo qun tt th mi m bo c cht lng ca nguyn liu. c im ny rt quan trng nh hng n kt qu sn xut kinh doanh bi n quyt nh n cht lng sn phm, quyt nh n gi thnh sn phm v gi tr xut khu. khc phc c c im ny, i hi trong hot ng khai thc v ch bin phi t chc cng tc bo qun sau thu hoch, h thng dch v hu cn v cng tc thu mua. Trong iu kin nc ta hin nay c th p dng cc bin php kt hp gia truyn thng v hin i nh: phi kh, p mui, p bng lnh hoc dng thuc khng sinh,Nhng ph bin nht vn l phng php p . Do c tnh ny m nguyn liu thy sn sau khi mua v cn c ch bin ngay, trnh tnh trng d tr qu lu lm gim phm cht. V vy, vic thu mua nguyn liu cn thit phi quan tm n vn vn chuyn, bo qun nguyn liu, nu khng s khng c nguyn liu tt cung cp cho sn xut, t s khng th to ra c nhng sn phm c cht lng cao, c sc cnh tranh trn th trng. 2.1.3. Phn loi v mc ch ca vic phn loi nguyn liu thy sn: 2.1.3.1. Phn loi: C nhiu cch phn loi nguyn liu: Ta c th cn c theo tnh cht tc ng ca lao ng vo cc loi ng thc vt: Nguyn liu nguyn thy: cc ng thc vt va dt khi mi trng t nhin. Nguyn liu bn thnh phm: l nhng nguyn liu tri qua mt s khu ch bin, tip tc a vo qu trnh ch bin tip theo. Cn c vo ngun hnh thnh, nguyn liu thy sn bao gm: Nguyn liu t khai thc thy sn: ngun ny thng b gii hn bi tr lng t nhin ca cc loi ng vt thy sn. Tuy nhin chng c kh nng ti to t

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nhin. Do , nu bit khai thc hp l i i vi bo v, pht trin ngun li bin th c th to ra ngun nguyn liu lu di cho sn xut kinh doanh. Nguyn liu t nui trng thy sn: c to ra t ngnh nui trng thy sn. Ngun ny ph thuc vo trnh pht trin khoa hc k thut trong lnh vc nui trng. Hin nay, vic pht trin ngnh nui trng thy sn ang tr thnh xu hng to ra ngun nguyn liu chnh phc v cho vic sn xut ch bin. Nguyn liu nhp khu: ngun ny thng chim t trng nh, hay p dng mt s doanh nghip c quy m ln. Cn c vo cu thnh thc th ca sn phm, c hai loi: Nguyn liu v vt liu chnh: nguyn liu thy sn ch yu l nguyn liu chnh. N l i tng lao ng ch yu, cu thnh nn thc th ca sn phm. Vt liu ph: l nhng vt liu c tc dng phc v trong qu trnh sn xut, c s dng kt hp vi nguyn liu chnh lm tng cht lng, mu m ca sn phm hoc c s dng bo m cho cng c lao ng hot ng bnh thng hoc dng phc v cho nhu cu k thut, nhu cu qun l. Ngoi ra, nguyn liu cn c phn loi theo kch c v phn hng theo cht lng. 2.1.3.2. Mc ch ca vic phn loi nguyn liu thy sn: Gip cho vic nh gi mua c d dng v chnh xc hn. Nguyn liu sau khi phn loi s tng i ng u v tnh cht, kch c, cht lng nn qu trnh sn xut s c tin hnh hiu qu hn. Gip cho vic bo qun c d dng hn. Tuy nhin, vic phn loi nguyn liu thy sn cn ph thuc vo mc ch ca vic s dng nguyn liu vo sn xut sn phm. 2.1.4. S vn ng ca nguyn liu thy sn trong qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh: Nguyn liu l i tng ca qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh c vn ng theo mt qu trnh lin tc qua nhiu khu. Nguyn liu thy sn sau khi c khai thc, thu hoch s c a vo qu trnh sn xut, ch bin to ra sn phm cui cng nhm phc v cho nhu cu tiu dng ca con ngi. Trong qu trnh ch bin to ra ph phm nh: du, xng, da, vy, vy, ni tng,c th dng bn cho cc n v khc hoc a vo qu trnh sn xut to ra cc sn phm khc nh thc n thy sn, duoqcj phm, m phm,

65

Qu trnh vn ng ca n c th hin qua s sau: Sn phm cui Tiu dng Bn Sn xut ch bin Ph phm Sn xut Nguyn liu thy sn

S 4: biu din qu trnh vn ng ca nguyn liu thy sn 2.1.5. Vai tr, v tr ca nguyn liu thy sn: Nguyn liu thy sn ni ring v nguyn liu thy sn ni chung l mt yu t quan trng khng th thiu trong qu trnh sn xut. N quyt nh s tn ti v pht trin ca doanh nghip. Nguyn liu l mt trong ba yu t chnh ca qu trnh sn xut, trc tip hnh thnh thc th ca sn phm. N nh hng n vic phn b v s dng cc yu t sn xut khc trong doanh nghip nh: lao ng, my mc thit b, vn,vic cung ng nguyn liu ng tin , s lng v chng loi, cht lng v quy cch s m bo cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh din ra lin tc v hiu qu, nng cao cc ch tiu k thut, ko di chu k sng ca sn phm. Vic cung ng y , kp thi, m bo nguyn liu cho sn xut c ngha nhiu mt i vi qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Hin nay vi mi trng cnh tranh khc lit nh th ny th i hi cc doanh nghip phi thay i mnh,cch tn hn cho ph hp vi iu kin thc ti. Bn cnh h cng khng qun ch n li nhun ca mnh. H phi tnh ton chu ton sao cho chi ph l thp nht v li nhun l cao nht. V lng vn m b ra mua nguyn liu thng chim mt t l ln trong vn lu ng, gi tr nguyn liu thy sn li chim

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khong 80-90% gi thnh sn xut. Nu doanh nghip bit s dng nguyn liu mt cch hp l v tit kim th sn phm lm ra s c cht lng tt m gi thnh li h, to ra mi tng quan c li cho doanh nghip trn th trng. Chnh v vy nn nguyn liu thy sn c ngha quan trng v c v mt kinh doanh ln ti chnh ca doanh nghip. Ngnh thy sn ngy cng hp dn ko theo nhiu doanh nghip tham gia. Nc ta by gi c hn 400 c s ch bin thy sn phc v cho nhu cu tiu dng trong nc v xut khu cho nn vic m bo ngun nguyn liu n nh cho qu trnh sn xut l vn cp thit. Nh vy, ta thy vai tr ca nguyn liu thy sn l rt cp thit v rt quan trng, nu doanh nghip thiu n th s khng sn xut c. 2.2.NHNG VN C BN V CNG TC THU MUA NGUYN LIU: 2.2.1. Khi nim v vai tr ca cng tc thu mua nguyn liu: 2.2.1.1. Khi nim: Cng tc thu mua l giai on u ca qu trnh sn xut nhm phn phi nguyn liu cho qu trnh sn xut c din ra lin tc. Vn t ra vi cng tc ny l phi thu mua nguyn liu cn m bo cung ng y , kp thi cho qu trnh sn xut nhm nng cao hiu qu sn xut, m bo c tnh lin tc trong sn xut. Thc cht, thu mua nguyn liu l qu trnh mua sm nguyn liu. trong qu trnh ny mua sm ny ta cn quan tm n chn nguyn liu, chn nh cung cp, khi lng t hng,thi gian v iu kin giao hng, iu kin dch v v iu kin thanh ton, 2.2.1.2. Vai tr: Thu mua nguyn liu nh hng trc tip n qu trnh sn xut ca doanh nghip. Mun doanh nghip c sn xut mt cch lin tc, t c kt qu cao th cn phi c ngun nguyn liu y , p ng kp thi cho nhu cu sn xut. m bo c iu ny th nng sut lao ng s tng v cc sn phm ngy cng a dng hn p ng c nhu cu ca th trng. Nu doanh nghip bit cch s dng nguyn liu hp l, tit kim th n s gp phn khng nh vo vic h gi thnh ca sn phm, mang li nhiu li nhun cho doanh nghip hn.

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V cng tc qun l cng theo m t kt qu tt hn. V d v lao ng, thit b, vn, s t mt hn, hao ht cng thp. Nh vy ta thy c cng tc thu mua nguyn liu c vai tr rt quan trng i vi doanh nghip. N quyt nh s thnh cng hay tht bi ca doanh nghip. V vy doanh nghip cn c chin lc c th thu mua nguyn liu trong tng thi im khc nhau nhm m bo s thnh cng trong sn xut v to iu kin thun li cho cc khu tip theo c tt hn. 2.2.1.3. S cn thit phi y mnh cng tc thu mua nguyn liu trong doanh nghip ch bin thy sn: Nh ni trn ta thy c tm quan trng ca cng tc thu mua nguyn liu, l vn sng cn ca doanh nghip. Nguyn liu thy sn l u vo ca qu trnh sn xut, nu khng c nguyn liu th qu trnh sn xut s khng c tin hnh. V vy m cng tc thu mua l hot ng rt quan trng gp phn to nn hiu qu trong sn xut kinh doanh. Cng tc thu mua lun gn lin vi hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh. Trong vn thu mua nguyn liu th cn gii quyt cc yu cu nh: s lng, cht lng, quy cch, chng loi, nguyn liu, gi c, S lng v cht lng lun i i vi nhau, gn b cht ch. Nu doanh nghip ch chy theo s lng m khng ch n cht lng th hiu qu kinh doanh s thp v cc sn phm km cht lng mc d n c p ng kp cho sn xut. Khng ci thin ngay th cng ty s dn ti th l, v c khi b khch hng ca mnh ty chay. Ngc li khi cng ty chy theo cht lng th s khng nguyn liu cho sn xut, khng p ng kp n t hng nn hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh cng thp. Do , doanh nghip cn quan tm c hai yu t l cht lng v s lng. Ngy nay, hng lot c s thy sn c thnh lp, ngun nguyn liu thy sn th cn kit. Mi trng cnh tranh vn d khc lit ngy cng khc lit hn. V vy doanh nghip mun ng vng trn th trng th doanh nghip phi c nhng bin php tin hnh y mnh cng tc thu mua nguyn liu c th p ng kp thi vi nhu cu ca th trng.

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2.2.2. Ni dung cng tc thu mua nguyn liu: 2.2.2.1. Th trng nguyn liu: Th trng nguyn liu thy sn l ni tp trung mua bn cc loi nguyn liu thy sn. Cc doanh nghip lun tm kim cc ngun cung cp nguyn liu n nh m bo cho qu trnh sn xut c tin hnh lin tc. Khi nghin cu th trng nguyn liu cn tp trung nghin cu cc ni dung sau: Ngun cung ng nguyn liu: cn nm bt c cc c tnh ca ngun nguyn liu c chnh sch thu mua nguyn liu hp l. Cht lng ngun hng: thu mua c nhng nguyn liu c cht lng tt l iu kin cn thit to ra sn phm c cht lng cao v c sc cnh tranh. iu kin thanh ton: nu doanh nghip c iu in thanh ton tt hn trong thu mua th doanh nghip s chim u th trong cnh tranh thu mua, c th c c nhng nguyn liu tt hn, s lng cng m bo. V ngc li nu iu kin thanh ton trong thu mua ca doanh nghip khng tt th doanh nghip c th khng mua c nguyn liu tt cng nh l sc cnh tranh s km i. Gi c thu mua: gi thu mua nguyn liu nh hng n gi u ra ca doanh nghip, nn doanh nghip no mua c gi thp th chi ph gi thnh ca sn phm s gim xung. 2.2.2.2. Chi ph lu thng: cn nghin cu a bn thu mua cho chi ph ny l ti thiu v chi ph ny nh hng n chi ph sn xut. K hoch thu mua nguyn liu: K hoch thu mua nguyn liu c ngha quan trng i vi vic thu mua v da vo m vic tin hnh thu mua c tin hnh hiu qu hn. Khi c k hoch th tt yu l tnh ton trc vic thu mua nh th no, lng d tr hp l, v hn ht l vic s dng vn sao cho hiu qu nht. Khi xy dng k hoch thu mua nguyn liu th cn cn c vo cc yu t sau: Tnh ma v ca nguyn liu thy sn. Tnh hnh ti chnh ca doanh nghip. Nng lc sn xut. H thng nh mc tiu hao nguyn liu cho mt n v sn phm. Kh nng tiu th sn phm ca th trng.

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Mc kh khn trong th trng mua, bn nguyn liu. Tnh hnh thu mua nguyn liu ca nm trc v cc ch tiu k hoch trong nm. Phng tin vn chuyn v phng thc thanh ton. H thng kho tng hin c ca doanh nghip. Nu r chng loi, quy cch tng li nguyn liu cn dng trong tng thi im. Xc nh thi gian mua, thi gian giao hng v thi gian s dng cc loi nguyn vt liu .

Ni dung ca k hoch tin thu mua nguyn liu:

Vic tnh ton cc ch tiu k hoch c thc hin theo hai phng php: Tnh trc tip i vi cc loi nguyn liu c sn nh mc theo tiu hao: ly s lng sn phm nhn vi nh mc tiu hao nguyn vt liu cho mt n v sn phm . Tnh gin tip i vi nhng loi nguyn liu cha xy dng c nh mc bng cch: ly mc tiu hao nguyn vt liu k trc lm gc nhn vi t l tng sn lng ca k cn mua. 2.2.2.3. Phng thc thu mua nguyn liu: m bo cho qu trnh sn xut c din ra theo k hoch th doanh nghip phi c phng thc thu mua nguyn liu sao cho p ng cho nhu cu sn xut. Hin nay cc doanh nghip thng p dng cc hnh thc thu mua nguyn liu sau: Thu mua trc tip: Doanh nghip s tin hnh trc tip thu mua t ng dn v nui trng thy sn bng nhiu cch khc nhau. C th lin lc trc tip vi ng dn hoc h s c ngi ca cng ty xung tn ni mua nguyn liu. i vi hnh thc ny th ch p dng c vi nhng doanh nghip c quy m ln v h phi ra ngoi khi mi thu mua c v iu ny th tn rt nhiu chi ph. Ngoi ra doanh nghip cn t chc cc trm thu mua ti cc a bn ngoi tnh cng vi s gim st ca cn b thu mua ca doanh nghip ti a bn . u im: thu mua c nguyn liu vi gi thp. Nhc im: tn nhiu chi phi cho cng tc thu mua, v ngun nguyn liu th phn tn ri rc ch khng tp trung. Hn na s lng thu mua s khng c nhiu.

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 Thu mua nguyn liu thng qua trung gian: L phng thc m doanh nghip thu mua nguyn liu qua cc nu, va. 2.2.2.4. u im: c th mua vi s lng ln, ngun hng n nh hn thu mua trc tip v cht lng c m bo hn. Nhc im: gi ca n s cao hn thu mua trc tip. Mng li thu mua nguyn liu:

Mng li thu mua l vic t chc la chn a im thu mua khc nhau ca doanh nghip. Vic xc nh a im thu mua trng yu l rt quan trng i vi nguyn liu ni chung v nguyn liu thy sn ni ring l ngun nguyn liu mang tnh ma v v phn b rng khp ni. V th nn vic xy dng mng li thu mua cn tha mn cc yu cu: 2.2.2.5. Mang tnh khoa hc. Cn i v hp l. n gin v hiu qu. Ph hp vi iu kin c th ca doanh nghip. Pht huy tnh nng ng, nhy bn v tinh thn trch nhim ca cn b thu mua. Vn dng cho cng tc thu mua:

Vn dng cho thu mua nguyn liu thng chim t l ln trong tng vn lu ng ca doanh nghip. N c xc nh bng cng thc sau: V=Qi* Pi Trong : V: vn dng cho thu mua nguyn liu. Qi: sn lng nguyn liu loi i. Pi: gi thu mua nguyn liu loi i. Vn dng cho cng tc thu mua l mt b phn ca vn lu ng, cho nn hiu qu thu mua tt th s lm gim bao nhiu chi ph, v nng cao hiu qu s dng vn lu ng ni ring v tng ngun vn ca doanh nghip ni chung. 2.2.2.6. Gi thu mua nguyn liu: Cng nh cc mt hng khc th thy sn cng chu s tc ng ca th trng, ph thuc rt nhiu vo quan h cung cu, gi c ca th trng.

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Gi thu mua nguyn liu nh hng trc tip n s lng v cht lng thu mua, t lm nh hng n kt qu kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Hn na nguyn liu thy sn li mang tnh cht ma v, iu ny cng nh hng rt ln n gi ca nguyn liu. Vo ma v th gi thy sn tng i r nhng nhng lc tri ma th gi cao v ngun nguyn liu khan him, thm vo l s cnh tranh gia cc doanh nghip lm gi cao li cng cao hn. Chnh s bin ng nh vy m doanh nghip cng kh xc nh c gi mua thy sn c th. Nhiu khi doanh nghip thu mua nguyn liu phi chp nhn ca nh cung ng quy nh. Hay da vo i th cnh tranh ca mnh, nu i th mua vi gi thp th doanh nghip cng mua vi gi thp, v khi h nng gi th mnh cng buc phi nng gi khi doanh nghip cn ngun u vo tip tc cng vic sn xut. 2.2.2.7. i ng cn b thu mua nguyn liu: i ng cn b thu mua nguyn liu l lc lng lao ng cn thit phc v cho cng tc thu mua nguyn liu. i ng ny ng vai tr rt quan trng cho ngun u vo ca cng ty nn i hi h phi c nng lc chuyn mn v tinh thn trch nhim m bo cho cht lng v c s lng ca nguyn liu thu mua. xc nh lng ngi cho i ng thu mua th cn c vo cc yu t sau: Khi lng cng vic cn hon thnh trong k. Phn tch cng vic lm c s xc nh lng lao ng hao ph cn thit hon thnh khi lng cng vic trong k. Trnh trang b k thut v kh nng thay i cng ngh. C cu t chc qun l. Kh nng nng cao cht lng v nng sut ca nhn vin. Kh nng ti chnh ca doanh nghip.

Vic tr lng cho lc lng lao ng phc v cng tc thu mua nguyn liu cng ging nh vic tr lng cho lc lng lao ng khc. N c hnh thnh trn c s ca vic tha thun gia nhng ngi lao ng v ngi s dng lao ng, phi ph hp vi quan h cung cu sc lao ng trong nn kinh t th trng v ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut. 2.3.HIU QU CNG TC THU MUA NGUYN LIU: 2.3.1. Khi nim hiu qu:

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Hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh l mt ch tiu cht lng tng hp, phn nh trnh s dng cc yu t trong qu trnh sn xut nh: lao ng, hiu qu s dng vn, i tng lao ng, nguyn vt liu, Khi doanh nghip mun tng hiu qu ca sn xut kinh doanh cng c ngha l doanh nghip s gim chi ph trn mt n v sn phm, iu ny tc l lm cho gi thnh sn phm gim, lm tng kh nng cnh tranh v m rng sn xut doanh nghip. 2.3.2. Hiu qu ca cng tc thu mua nguyn liu: Thu mua nguyn liu l mt trong nhng hot ng ca qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh. Vy nn cng tc thu mua nguyn liu tt th s lm cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip s tt hn v ngc li khi m cng tc thu mua khng tt th ko theo hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh s khng tt. Hiu qu cng tc thu mua nguyn liu c th hin qua tiu thc sau: m bo tng c s lng nguyn liu, thu mua theo ng yu cu ca sn xut v chng loi v cht lng quy nh. Tit kim c chi ph thu mua trn c s gi mua hp l, va m bo tnh cnh tranh ca doanh nghip so vi i th, va m bo cho doanh nghip t hiu qu kinh doanh cui cng. Tit kim c chi ph trong vic tm kim cc nh cung ng nguyn liu mi v kh nng gi mi quan h vi cc nh cung ng nguyn liu c. Tuy nhin hon thnh tt th khng phi iu d dng g, v n i hi phi c s gii quyt ng b trn nhiu vn : iu tra, nm bt th trng nguyn liu, c s nguyn liu, c cu, ngnh ngh khai thc, sn xut nguyn liu, ma v nguyn liu, i th cnh tranh, cung cu th trng, v gi c. m bo vn cho hot ng thu mua v phng thc thanh ton phi ph hp. T chc mng li thu mua v p dng phng thc thu mua hp l. S dng n by kch thch hot ng thu mua, thu ht, tp trung nh cung cp nguyn liu cho doanh nghip. 2.3.3. Cc ch tiu nh gi hiu qu cng tc thu mua nguyn liu: 2.3.3.1. T sut doanh thu trn chi ph thu mua nguyn liu: 73

Tng doanh thu doanh thu/chi ph thu mua nguyn liu= Tng chi ph thu mua nguyn liu ngha: Trong mt k kinh doanh, bnh qun c b ra mt ng chi ph cho vic thu mua nguyn liu th thu c bao nhiu ng doanh thu. 2.3.3.2. T sut li nhun trn chi ph thu mua nguyn liu: Tng li nhun t hot ng sxkd Li nhun/chi ph thu mua nguyn liu= Tng chi ph thu mua nguyn liu ngha: trong mt k kinh doanh, bnh qun c b ra 1 ng chi ph cho vic thu mua nguyn liu th thu c bao nhiu ng li nhun.

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THC TRNG HOT NG THU MUA NGUYN LIU TI CNG TY C PHN NHA TRANG SEAFOODS-F17. 3.1. Nhim v ca b phn thu mua ti cng ty: B phn thu mua c cc nhim v ch yu sau y: Cn c vo ch tiu sn xut sn phm ca cng ty tin hnh thu mua nguyn liu cho ph hp vi tng mt hng ca cng ty. xut kin v tnh hnh thu mua, tnh hnh gi c nguyn liu cho gim c gim c ch o kp thi cho cng tc thu mua nguyn liu. ra cc bin php ci tin cng tc iu hnh trong b phn thu mua. Phi m bo v cht lng ln s lng u vo, chng loi cung cp nguyn liu kp thi cho sn xut. c quyn k kt cc hp ng tip nhn nguyn liu ca khch hng trong v ngoi tnh. Thc hin tt vic phn cng, qun l lao ng, cc phng tin, thit b phc v cng tc thu mua v phi ghi chp s liu mt cch y , kp thi v trung thc. 3.2. Cc nhn t nh hng n hot ng thu mua ca cng ty: 3.2.1. Tnh hnh ngun li v kh nng nui trng, khai thc thy sn: Lnh th Vit Nam vi din tch 331.689 km2 c trn 3.200 km b bin vi nhiu khu h sinh thi thy vc a dng lm tin cho s phong ph v a dng ca ngun li thy sn. Theo Cng c a dng sinh hc 1992, a dng sinh hc ngun li thy sn Vit Nam bao gm s a dng di truyn, a dng loi v a dng cc h sinh thi thy vc Sau y l mt s loi c gi tr kinh t cao ca nc ta: Bng 17 : m t mt s loi thy sn c gi tr cao nc ta. Loi C: Chun, Nc, Hng, Thu, Ng Tm: S, Bc, Th Tm Hm , Hm si, mc Th Mc ng Trung Hoa Mc l, mc ng ngn, mc nang Vn h Ngao du, Ngao vn Vng phn b Nam trung b Vng Tu, Rch Gi Bin min trung Ninh Thun, Bnh Thun Ninh Thun, Bnh Thun, Ph Yn, Khnh Ha Qung Ninh, Thanh Ha, Bn Tre

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S huyt S Onti Oc m vt Oc gai, c hng Bo ng Vm m xanh ip trn, ip rng lc (tng cc thng k)

Th x Bc Liu, Thanh Ha, Thi Bnh, Ninh Thun, Bnh Thun Qung Ninh, Ninh Thun, Bnh Thun Vng bin Ty Nam B Vng Tu Qung Ninh, Hi Phng, Khnh Ha Hi Phng, Khnh Ha, Thanh Ha Vng Tu, Ninh Thun, Bnh Thun

Qua bng m t trn ta thy ngun li thy sn Vit Nam l rt phong ph, phn b ch yu l cc tnh min trung, rt thun li cho cng ty f17 v cng ty gn cc ngun li thy sn ny. Khnh Ha l ni rt c tim nng pht trin thy sn vi 655km b bin v ng b ven o, 2,658km2 m, vnh v t ngp mn vi tng din tch khai thc c hiu qu l 2 triu ha. Theo tng cc thng k th sn lng c nc khai thc c nc nm 2010 t 2,420,823 tn, v tnh Khnh Ha t 75.241 tn( sn lng khai thc thy sn phn theo a phng). Ngun li ny c vin nghin cu bin Nha Trang nghin cu v thy c tr lng ngun li khai thc hng nm t c rt cao. Ti y rt thun li cho ngnh khai thc thy sn rt pht trin. Vy ta thy iu kin t nhin tnh Khnh Ha rt thun li cho s pht trin ca ngnh thy sn ni chung v cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seasfoods-F17 ni ring. Tuy nhin tnh hnh ngun thy sn ven b ngy cng cn kit, nh bt xa b phi u t vi kinh ph ln nhng hiu qu th cn rt hn ch. V vy m nhng nm gn y cc h nui thy sn ngy cn tng ln r rt . Din tch mt nc c th nui trng thy sn ln hn 21,000ha. y l ngun cung cp nguyn liu ln cho cng ty v nguyn liu ch yu l tm, c, Xu hng hin nay ngnh nui trng thy sn pht trin mnh m vn l nui nc l v nc ngt. Bng 18: din tch mt nc nui trng thy sn nm 2010. vt: 1000 ha Ch tiu Nm 2008 Din tch nc mn, 713.8 Nm 2009 704.5 Nm 2010 728.5 76

l Nui c 21.6 Nui tm 629.2 Nui hn hp v thy 62.7 sn khc m, nui ging 0.3 338.8 326.0 6.9 2.2

23.2 623.3 58.0 0.0 340.2 327.6 6.6 2.3 3.7 1044.7 (Tng cc thng k)

26.5 645.0 57.0 0.0 337.5 324.5 7.0 2.3 3.7 1066.0

thy sn Din tch nc ngt Nui c Nui tm Nui hn hp v thy sn khc m, nui thy sn Tng Nhn xt:

ging 3.7 1052.6

Qua bng s liu trn ta thy din tch nui trng trn nc mn, l ca nc ta l ch yu. Nui trng trn nc mn, l ch yu l nui tm v din tch nui ny cng ngy cng c m rng vo nm 2010 t 629.2 nghn ha vo nm 2008, n 623.3 nghn ha vo nm 2009 v nm 2010 c 645.0 nghn ha. Nui trng trn nc ngt ch yu l nui c v din tch nui ny cao nht l vo nm 2009, sang nm 2010 th din tch nui ny b thu hp li ch cn 324.5 nghn ha. Nguyn nhn l do nm nay ngi ta ch trong vo nui tm nc l nhiu hn. Theo tng cc thng k th sn lng c nc nui trng c nc nm 2010 t 2,706,752 tn, v tnh Khnh Ha t 13,686 tn( sn lng nui trng thy sn phn theo a phng). y l iu ng mng cho nghnh thy sn nc ta.v n phn no lm gim phn thiu ht nguyn liu ca cc cng ty hin nay. Nhng vic m rng quy m din tch v nng cao sn lng cn c thc hin ng b t khu sn xut ging, k thut chm sc, phng tr dch bnh, thu hoch v ch bin. Hn na cn khuyn kch cc doanh nghip, c nhn p dng nhng tin b khoa hc k thut, chuyn giao cng ngh mi vo sn xut nui trng. 3.2.2. Yu t ma v ca nguyn liu thy sn:

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y l yu t nh hng rt ln n hot ng thu mua nguyn liu nc ta ni chung v cng ty F17 ni ring v thy sn mang tnh ma v. Vo ma v ca n th sn lng rt di do v vy m cng tc thu mua nguyn liu rt thun li, cng ty c th mua c nguyn liu t cht lng v s lng nhiu c th phc v cho sn xut. Nhng n khi tri v th nguyn liu ngy cng khan him, lc by gi cng vic thu mua rt kh khn. Thm vo l s cnh tranh ca cc cng ty khc c c nguyn liu sn xut nn chnh nhng iu ny y nguyn liu tng ln cao, nh hng khng nh n qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. Ta thy ma v chnh ca ngnh thy sn pha Bc t thng 12 n thng 7 nm sau, pha Nam t thng ging n thng 10 (m lch). Vic nm bt c quy lut v tng gim sn lng thu mua trong nm nn cng ty F17 lun ra k hoch v cc vn lin quan n nguyn liu t hiu qu tt nht nh k hoch v lao ng, sn xut sn phm, 3.2.3. Nhn t gi nh hng n nhn t thu mua: Nhn t ny ngy cng quan trng hn trong mi trng cnh tranh nh ngy nay. N nh hng n c cht lng v s lng thu mua ca nguyn liu. Vi mt chnh sch gi hp l th cng ty s c mc cnh tranh cao hn so vi i th cnh tranh. Gi ca nguyn liu thy sn thay i tht thng, n ph thuc vo s bin ng ca ma v, kh hu v c s bin ng ca th trng nguyn liu. V vy m ty vo nng lc ti chnh ca mnh cng ty m cng ty mua nguyn liu vi gi thch hp nht, ph hp nht vi cc n t hng ca cng ty. Vi chnh sch gi thch hp v linh hot s gip cho cng ty thun li hn trong vic thu mua ca mnh p ng y cho nhu cu sn xut. 3.2.4. Yu t cnh tranh: y l thnh phn khng th b qua i vi doanh nghip khi chng ta nh gi hot ng kinh doanh ca doanh nghip . Vic tm hiu i th cnh tranh l mt phn rt quan trng ta c th tp trung khai thc im yu v v hiu ha im mnh ca i phng. i vi cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17, l mt cng ty xut khu l chnh yu nn vic cnh tranh khng ch trong nc m c c trn thng trng quc t.

78

L mt cng ty nm trn a bn tnh Khnh Ha cng ty lun c s cnh tranh ca cc cng ty sau y: Bng 19: So snh kim ngch xut khu(KNXK) ca cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 so vi hai cng ty in hnh trong a bn tnh Khnh Ha giai on 2008-2010 2008 T Cng ty KNXK (USD) Nha Trang FISCO 9,461,778 KHASPEXCO 10,978,240 Nha Trang Seafoods Tnh Khnh Ha 42,137,300 280,000,00 0 trng (%) 3.38 3.92 15.05 100 KNXK (USD) 12,963,826.36 6,891,156.50 43,705,259.58 295,000,000 2009 T trng (%) 4.39 2.34 14.82 100 KNXK (USD) 4,288,437.03 7,375,534 49,078,866.8 310,000,000 2010 T trng (%) 1.38 2.38 15.83 100

Qua bng s liu trn ta thy, trn a bn tnh Khnh Ha trong ba nm th cng ty F17 lun chim v th cao. y F17 c xem l con chim u n trong lnh vc ch bin thy sn. Nm 2008 KNXK ca F17 l 42,137,300 USD, chim 15.05% trong KNXK ca tnh, sang nm 2009 do tnh hnh th gii c nhiu bin ng nh hng n sn xut trong nc v gi nguyn liu u vo tng nn kim ngch xut khu ch t c 14.82% v nm 2010 t c 15.83%. Cng ty lun c s cnh tranh ca cc i th khc trong tnh, m c th y l cng ty Nha Trang FISCO v cng ty KHASPEXCO. V vy cng ty cn tm hiu i th ca mnh a ra c nhng chin lc c hiu qu nht. Bn cnh cng ty cn nng cao hn na v cht lng sn phm ca mnh p ng tt hn na v s i hi ca th trng. Khng ch c s cnh tranh ca cc cng ty a bn tnh, m cng ty cn c s cnh tranh c v thu mua nguyn liu ln th trng tiu th ca hn 300 doang nghip ch 79

bin v xut khu thy sn trong c nc. Sau y l bng so snh cng ty SeafoodsF17 vi top 10 doanh nghip xut khu thy sn ln nht c nc nm 2010. Bng 20: So snh cng ty Seafoods-F17 vi top 10 doanh nghip xut khu thy sn ln nht c nc nm 2010. Cng ty Sn lng Tn T trng CTCP Tp on Thy sn Minh Ph 23,544 (Minh Phu Seafood Corp) CTCP Vnh Hon (VINHHOAN 38,302 CORP) Cng ty Quc Vit CTCP Hng Vng (HV Corp) 9,523 44,687 (%) 1.74 2.83 0.7 3.3 0.53 0.49 0.52 0.40 0.43 0.91 225,368,769 112,908.008 94,905,483 88,275,623 78,079,593 71,757,217 71,478,627 65,055,897 62,999,666 57,143,561 Kim ngch xut khu USD T trng (%) 4.55 2.28 1.92 1.78 1.58 1.45 1.44 1.31 1.27 1.15

Cng ty C phn Ch bin Thy sn 7,117 t Xi (Utxi co) CTCP Ch bin v Xut nhp khu 6,582 Thu sn C Mau (Camimex) CTCP Thy Sn Sc Trng 7,063 5,463

(Stapimex) CTCP Thc phm Sao Ta (Fimex vn)

Cng ty TNHH Phng Nam (Phuong 5,770 Nam Co,. Ltd) Cng ty C phn Ch bin v Xut 12,307 nhp khu Thy sn Cadovimex(Cadovimex - Vietnam) Cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods- 8,094 F17 C nc 1,353,000

0.60 100

49,078,867 4,953,000,000

0.99 100

(Ngun: http://thuysanvietnam.com.vn/index.php/news/details/index/535.let)

80

Qua bng trn ta thy, cng ty Seafoods-F17 hon ton c kh nng cnh tranh so vi top 10 doanh nghip c vinh danh ny. V sn lng xut khu nm 2010 ca Seafoods-F17 chim 0.6% so vi sn lng c nc v c t trng v kim ngch xut khu 0.99% kim ngch ca c nc. V vy m cng ty cn nng cao kh nng sn xut ca mnh, m bo ngun u vo v u ra c v s lng ln cht lng, khng ngng y mnh cc hot ng truyn thng, qung b thng hiu ca mnh, a dng ha sn phm nhm thu ht khch hng th trong tng li khng xa Seafoods-F17 s lt vo top 10 cng ty xut khu thy sn uy tn v ln nht c nc. 3.2.5. Tnh hnh tiu th sn phm: Vic tiu th sn phm trong nhng nm qua lun c cng ty ch trng. Sn phm ca cng ty c c uy tn trn mt s th trng v cng ty ang xm nhp vo nhng th trng mi. Hot ng ca cng ty ch yu l xut khu nn t ch trng vo th trng trong nc. Cng ty nn ch trng vo th trng trong nc hn v n c th mang li li nhun ln hn cho cng ty v hn na vic xut nguyn liu sang cc nc bn ngy cng kh khn, h qun l rt cht ch v cht lng, mu m, Tnh hnh tiu th sn phm tt, s thc y cho vic thu mua nguyn liu tt hn v ngc li. C th ni vic thu mua v tiu th tc ng qua li ln nhau, thc y cho nhau. V vy mun nng cao hiu qu cng tc thu mua th cng ty cng ch trng hn vo cng tc tiu th ca sn phm. 3.2.6. Kh nng huy ng vn: Vn l yu t c k quan trng c th to lp, duy tr v pht trin doanh nghip. C vn th doanh nghip s thc hin c cc k hoch, cc d nh lp ra ca mnh. Doanh nghip c ngun lc ti chnh ln th c rt nhiu li th trong vic thu mua nguyn liu. V thng thng vn dnh cho thu mua chim mt t trng rt ln trong tng vn lu ng, thng thng th t 60 n 80% trong tng vn lu ng. Ti cng ty F17 ngun vn lu ng ch yu c hnh thnh t hai ngun l ngun vn vay v ngun t c ca cng ty, trong ngun vay l ch yu v n c dng vo cho vic thu mua nguyn liu phc v sn xut v n cn mt lng tin ln cung cp cho nh cung ng. 3.3. Thc trng cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty: 3.3.1. Lp k hoch thu mua nguyn liu:

81

Lp ra k hoch thu mua nguyn liu s gip cho vic ngun nguyn liu c m bo ph hp vi sn xut, khng tha m cng khng thiu. Da vo doanh s ca nm trc m cng ty a ra k hoch cho nm sau. M hin ti cng ty sn xut sn phm ch yu l theo n t hng ca khch hng dn n s th ng ca cng ty trong cng tc tiu th sn phm. Chnh iu ny m cng ty khng th a ra k hoch c th trong sn xut, nh hng rt ln n tnh hnh thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty nh cht lng, s lng ca nguyn liu v tnh hnh s dng vn ca cng ty. 3.3.2. Phng thc thu mua nguyn liu: Phng thc thu mua ca cng ty F17 ni ring v cc doanh nghip trong ngnh thy sn ni chung u thu mua ch yu qua nu, va v t ng dn. Phn ln ngi dn nh bt l nhng ng dn hon cnh cn kh khn nn h khng vn cho vic nh bt. M nguyn liu thy sn gn b ngy cng cn kit buc h phi nh bt xa b, nhng kinh ph li khng c. Lc by gi ch c nu, va l ni m ngi dn c th nh cy c. Ng dn ph thuc rt nhiu vo nu, va v vn. Sau khi nu, va to cho h c th i nh bt xa b th h ph thuc rt ln vo nu, va. Nhng thnh qu h c t bin khi tr v u bn ht cho cc nu, va. Thm vo vi tnh cht ca nguyn liu l mau hng nn khi vo b khng bn sn phm cho nu, va th h bit bn cho ai trong khi ti cc bn c t v thm ch cha c c s thu mua nguyn liu thy sn ca cc cng ty. Hin nay cng ty F17 p dng phng thc thu mua nguyn liu nh sau:

82

Nguyn liu c khai thc t ng dn

Nguyn liu t nui trng

Nguyn liu t cc tnh khc

u nu

Cng ty Nha Trang SeafoodsF17 S 5:: phng thc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty. Thu mua nguyn liu trc tip t ng dn, ngi nui trng v ti cc tnh khc, cng ty s b tr ngi i thu mua hoc l ng dn c th em trc tip n cng ty bn. Thu mua theo cch ny s lng khng n nh, kh khn trong vic tm kim nhng gi thu mua li thp hn mua nu.Cn thu mua nguyn liu qua nu th cng ty lun mua c vi s lng nhiu, n nh, cht lng m bo hn nhng gi nguyn liu lc no cng cao hn. Cng ty F17 thu mua ch yu qua nu, va v cn lin kt vi cc c s khai thc, nui trng m bo ngun cung u vo cho cng ty. 3.3.3. Mng li thu mua nguyn liu: Cng ty lun ch n c s h tng v i ng cn b thu mua nguyn liu cc ni khc nhau nhm p ng nhu cu ca cng ty. Ngoi vic b tr nhn vin thu mua c trnh , kinh nghim th cn c mt mng li thu mua ln m bo c s lng v cht lng theo yu cu. a bn thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty tri di cc tnh Min Trung gm cc tnh: Qung Nam, Qung Ngi, Bnh nh, Ph Yn, Khnh Ha, Ninh Thun, Bnh Thun. Ti mi vng cng ty u b tr nhn vin thu mua nm bt c thng tin v ngun nguyn liu cho vic tin hnh thu mua t hiu qu nht. Sau y l s mng li thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty.

83

Qung Nam

Bnh Thun

Qung Ngi

Ninh Thun

Cng ty c phn Nha Trang seafoods- f17

Bnh nh

Khnh Ha

Ph Yn

S 6: mng li thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty 3.3.4. Vn dng cho cng tc thu mua nguyn liu: Vn l yu t quan trng nhng dng nh th no th qu l mt vn . V vy m i hi cc nh qun l phi tm ra nhng chin lc hay s dng vn cho hiu qu nht. Hiu qu ca ngun vn c th hin thng qua mt s ch tiu sau:

Bng 21: tng hp mt s ch tiu s dng ti sn ngn hn(vn lu ng) vt: ng Ch tiu DT v TN khc Li nhun sau thu Ti sn ngn hn bnh qun S vng quay ti sn ngn hn K lun chuyn cc ti sn ngn hn H s m nhim ti sn ngn hn Nm 2009 847,598,916,314 112,453,823,737 294,247,049,800 2.88 125 0.35 Nm 2010 983,722,690,509 52,202,359,977 291,564,559,900 3.37 107 0.30

84

Hiu qu s dng ti sn ngn hn Qua bng s liu trn ta thy:

0.38

0.18

S vng quay ca ti sn ngn hn c xu hng tng, nm 2010 tng 0.49 ln so vi nm 2009, iu ny lm cho k lun chuyn cc ti sn ngn hn gim xung 18 n v vo nm 2010. y l du hiu tt v n chng t hiu qu s dng ti sn ngn hn ngy cng nng cao v lng vn ny chim t trng ln trong tng vn nn dn n hiu qu s dng vn ni chung ca ton cng ty cng c nng cao. H s m nhim ca ti sn ngn hn gim chm, nm 2010 gim 0.05 so vi nm 2009. iu ny c ngha l to ra mt ng doanh thu th thay v cng ty phi s dng 0.35 ng ng ti sn ngn hn vo nm 2009 th cng ty ch c s dng 0.30 ng ti sn ngn hn vo nm 2010. Cho thy cng ty nng cao hiu qu s dng vn ca mnh hn. Qua bng trn ta c th tnh c lng vn cng ty tit kim c vo nm 2010 nh sau: Doanh thu thun * (K1 K0) K= T Trong : K: lng vn tit kim c. K1: k lun chuyn ti sn ngn hn k ny. K0: k lun chuyn ti sn ngn hn k trc. T: thi gian phn tch Theo ta c:. 983,722,690,509 *(107 - 125) K= 360 iu ny cho thy cng ty c gng trong vic nng cao hiu qu s dng vn v n tit kim c mt lng ti sn c nh l 49,308,275,242 ng. 3.3.5. i ng cn b thu mua nguyn liu: L nhng ngi ng vai tr rt quan trng trong cng tc thu mua phc v sn xut cho cng ty. Vic phn b nhn vin y cng l thuc rt ln vo ma v v tng = - 49,308,275,242

85

vng a phng. Tuy vy m nhn vin ni y lun phi hp cht ch vi nhau hon thnh tt quy trnh sn xut. 3.3.6. Chnh sch gi v phng thc thanh ton: Chnh sch gi: Vi s cnh tranh khc lit nh ngy hm nay th lm cho gi ca nguyn liu lun bin ng. Thm vo l nguyn liu thy sn c tnh a dng v chng loi, ging loi nn n s c nhiu mc gi khc nhau. V vy m cng ty khng th a mt bng gi c th cho tng loi nguyn liu ny. Thng thng th vic xc nh, iu chnh gi cao nht c th l do Ph Gim c trc tip m nhn. V ty vo tnh hnh c th m b phn thu mua c th a ra gi hp l. Nu mc gi c xc nh ny cao hn gi thc t m nh cung ng a ra th cn b thu mua c th mua theo gi ca nh cung ng . Cn khi gi ny thp hn gi yu cu ca nh cung ng th cn b thu mua phi hi li Ph Gim c c th a ra gi hp l hn. Nhiu khi gi mua cn c xc nh thng qua i th cnh tranh ca h. Khi i th cnh tranh thu mua vi gi thp th cng ty cng s thu mua vi gi thp. V ngc li khi h thu mua vi gi cao hn v di mc gi cao nht cuuar cng ty th cn b thu mua cng s thu mua vi gi . Gi mua cn ph thuc vo nh cung ng nguyn liu, khi nh cung ng a ra mt mc gi no v buc cng ty phi mua theo . Gi mua khng n nh nn iu ny cng kh khn hn vi b phn thu mua, i hi h lc no cng phi nm bt c thng tin v gi c sn phm cng nh l gi nguyn liu u vo a ra quyt nh mua hiu qu nht. Phng thc thanh ton: Cng ty F17 p dng phng thc thanh ton nh sau: Tr tin mt phn: ch tr mt phn cho gi tr l nguyn liu, s cn li s tr sau. Cch ny thng hay dng nhm gi chn ngi bn v chim c mt khong vn dng cho cc hot ng khc. ng trc ngi bn mt phn: cng ty tr trc ngi bn mt phn gi tr ca l hng, cch ny ch p dng i vi nhng ngi cung ng quen thuc ca cng ty v khi nguyn liu tri ma. 3.3.7. Phng thc vn chuyn vo bo qun nguyn liu:

86

i vi nhng nguyn liu thu mua thng qua cc i l, nu va th vic bo qun v vn chuyn nguyn liu th do bn bn chu trch nhim. i vi nhng nguyn liu do cng ty thu mua trc tip th bo qun v vn chuyn. Nhng nguyn liu ny nhanh b bin cht v hng nn i hi cng ty phi dng n cc thng nha, xp hoc g cch nhit v bo qun bng cch p nguyn liu vi mui hoc vi thch hp. Sau vn chuyn nguyn liu bng xe bo n hoc xe lnh n cng ty. Nhn chung ta thy vic vn chuyn v bo m nguyn liu ny cha t hiu qu lm, v cng cha tnh ti vn xe b hng dc ng, nguyn liu b hng do cch p cha c hiu qu. Do cng ty cn trang b thm nhng dng c bo qun xe vn chuyn hin i hn cho vic thu mua t hiu qu cao nht. 3.4. nh gi thc trng cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty: 3.4.1. Kt qu cng tc thu mua nguyn liu: Bng 22: c cu nguyn liu thu mua theo sn lng. Mt hng Nm 2008 Nm 2009 Nm 2010 Sn lng T trng Sn lng T trng Sn lng T trng (kg) 8,095,031.57 2,592,084.20 284,528.20 409,154.90 11,380,798.8 (%) 71.13 22.78 2.50 3.60 100.00 (kg) 11,591,658.05 819,433.14 133,012.40 169,922.30 12,714,025.89 (%) 91.17 6.45 1.05 1.34 100.00 (kg) 9,350,250 330,060 79,520 254,240 10,014,07 0 (%) 93.37 3.30 0.79 2.54 100.00

Tm C Mc Gh

Tng 7 Nhn xt:

Qua bng s liu trn ta thy: sn lng thu mua nm 2009 l cao nht v nm 2010 l thp nht v t trng thu mua nguyn liu ca cc mt hng c s thay i qua cc nm, c th nh sau: Sn lng tm l sn lng c thu mua nhiu nht trong cc mt hng ca cng ty v sn lng ny tng dn qua cc nm. Nm 2008 sn lng ny thu mua ch t c 71.13% trong tng s lng thu mua v n nm 2009 sn lng ny tng ln nhiu hn t 91.17% , nguyn nhn l do sn lng thu mua ca cc nguyn liu khc gim dn.n nm 2010 vic thu mua tm t 93.37% trong tng sn lng thu mua nm 2010, tng ng vi 9,350,250 kg.

87

Sn lng c thu mua vo nm 2008 l cao nht v n gim dn qua thi gian, nm 2008 sn lng ny c 2,592,084.20 kg, chim 22.78% trong sn lng thu mua, sang nm 2009 sn lng ny gim xung cn 819,433.14 kg, v chim c 6.45% v n nm 2010 sn lng ny ch cn chim 3.30% trong s lng thu mua nm 2010, tng ng vi 330,060 kg. Sn lng mc thu mua cng gim dn qua cc nm, nm 2008 sn lng thu mua mc t 284,528.20 kg, chim 2.50% trong sn lng thu mua, nm 2009 ch t c 1.05%, tng ng vi 133,012.40 kg, v nm 2010 th sn lng thu mua l thp nht 79,520 kg, chim 0.79% so vi sn lng thu mua ca nm 2010. y cng l sn lng thu mua thp nht ca cng ty. Nm 2008 sn lng thu mua gh t c 409,154.90 kg chim 3.6 % trong sn lng thu mua, sang nm 2009 th gim xung cn 169,922.30 kg, tng ng vi 1.34% trong sn lng thu mua ca nm, v nm 2010 tnh hnh c ci thin hn t, t c 254,240kg, chim 2.54% so vi sn lng thu mua ca nm, nhng s lng thu mua cn thp. Nh vy trong c cu thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty trong ba nm th tm ng vai tr rt quan trng, l loi nguyn liu ch yu chim t l cao trong tng nguyn liu thu mua. V mt gi tr ca nguyn liu thu mua ta c c cu cc loi nguyn liu nh sau: Bng 23: c cu cc loi nguyn liu theo gi tr. Nm 2008 Mt hn g Tm C Mc Gh Gi tr (ng) 410,118,040,43 6 58,726,967,049 5,449,283,294 15,028,852,884 489,323,143,66 T trng (%) 83.81 12.00 1.11 3.07 100.0 0 Gi tr (ng) 497,380,513,77 9 27,240,033,645 4,283,702,497 6,779,523,400 535,683,773,32 1 Nm 2009 T trng (%) 92.85 5.09 0.80 1.27 100.0 0 Gi tr (ng) 546,785,690,00 0 11,741,280,000 3,471,750,000 9,275,430,000 571,274,150,00 0 Nm 2010 T trng (%) 95.71 2.06 0.61 1.62 100.00

Tng 3

88

Nhn xt: Qua bng trn ta thy tng gi tr nguyn liu thu mua qua cc nm tng ln. Nm 2008 c tng gi tr nguyn liu l 489,323,143,663 ng, nm 2009 tng ln v t c 535,683,773,321 ng, v nm 2010 l c gi tr thu mua ln nht 571,274,150,000 ng. C th nh sau: Gi tr nguyn liu tm tng dn theo cc nm, nm 2008 l 410,118,040,436 ng, chim 83.81% tng gi tr thu mua, nm 2009 c 497,380,513,779 ng, chim 92.85% gi tr thu mua nm 2009, v nm 2010 t trng ny chim cao nht trong mi nm l 95.71%, tng ng vi 546,785,690,000 ng. C th i ngc li vi tm, n gim dn qua cc nm, nm 2008 t 58,726,967,049 ng, chim 12% trong tng gi tr thu mua, nm 2009 t 27,240,033,645 ng, ch chim 5.09% v sang nm 2010 th n ch cn 2.06% tng ng vi 11,741,280,000 ng. Mc cng vy, cng ging vi c l gim qua cc nm, nm 2008 t 5,449,283,294 ng, chim 1.11% trong tng gi tr thu mua, nm 2009 t 4,283,702,497 ng, ch chim 0.8% v sang nm 2010 th n ch cn 0.61% tng ng vi 3,471,750,000 ng. S lng thu mua ny cn qu khim tn. Mt hng gh th gim mnh vo nm 2009 nhng sau nm 2010 c ch tng ln nhng mc tng ny cn qu khim tn, c th nh sau: nm 2008 t 15,028,852,884 ng, chim 3.07% trong tng gi tr thu mua,, nm 2009 ch cn 6,779,523,400 ng, chim 1.27%, v nm 2010 t 9,275,430,000 ng, chim 1.62%. T hai bng trn ta c th tng hp bng gi tr nguyn liu thu mua qua cc nm nh sau: Bng 24: bng tng hp gi tr nguyn liu thu mua qua cc nm. Sn lng (kg) 11,380,798.87 12,714,025.89 10,014,070.00 Gi tr (ng) 489,323,143,663 535,683,773,321 571,274,150,000

Nm 2008 Nm 2009 Nm 2010 Nhn xt:

89

Qua bng s liu trn ta thy: tng sn lng nguyn liu thu mua ca cng ty F17 vo nm 2009 t kt qu cao nht. N tng hn so vi nm 2008, nhng sang nm 2010 th sn lng thu mua ny li gim i. Trong khi gi tr ca n li tng ln qua cc nm. iu ny chng t l gi ca nguyn liu tng cao, lm cho chi ph thu mua tng cao v n s lm gim hiu qu ca cng tc thu mua nguyn liu. C th nh sau: Bng 25: gi bnh qun ca cc mt hng trong 3 nm. vt: ng/kg Mt hng Tm C Mc Gh Tng Nhn xt: Nm 2008 50,662.93 22,656.27 19,152.00 36,731.45 42,995.50 Nm 2009 42,908.49 33,242.53 32,205.29 39,897.79 42,133.29 Nm 2010 58,478.19 35,573.17 43,658.83 36,482.97 57,047.15

Ta thy hu nh gi ca nguyn liu u tng theo cc nm v gi cao nht l vo nm 2010. Gi ca tm, c, mc u tng ln so vi cc nm trc v n nm 2010 gi bnh qun ny t ln lt l 58,478.19 ng/kg, 35,573.17 ng/kg, 43,658.83 ng/kg, cn mt hng gh th c khc mt t l sang nm 2010 th gi n li gim so vi nm 2009 l 3,396.82 ng/kg. Hu ht cc gi thu mua nguyn liu tng ln lm gim hiu qu cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty. 3.4.2. Hiu qu cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty: Sau y l mt s ch tiu nh gi hiu qu ca cng tc thu mua nguyn vt liu ti cng ty: Bng 26: mt s ch tiu nh gi hiu qu ca cng tc thu mua nguyn vt liu. Ch tiu Doanh thu BH & CCDV Nm 2008 758,680,669,13 3 133,399,890,90 Nm 2009 850,007,782,59 0 186,375,203,77 7 535,683,773,32 1 1.59 Nm 2010 986,165,504,834 141,096,934,914 571,274,150,000 1.73

Li nhun t BH & CCDV 1 Tng chi ph thu mua nguyn 489,323,143,66 liu T sut DT/CPTMNL 3 1.55

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T sut LN/CPTMNL Nhn xt:

0.27

0.35

0.25

Qua bng s liu trn ta thy: T sut doanh thu trn chi ph thu mua nguyn liu: Tng doanh thu Doanh thu/chi ph thu mua nguyn liu= Tng chi ph thu mua nguyn liu Trong mt k kinh doanh, bnh qun c b ra mt ng chi ph cho vic thu mua nguyn liu th thu c bao nhiu ng doanh thu. T sut ny tng qua cc nm, bnh qun c b ra mt ng chi ph cho vic thu mua nguyn liu th cng ty nhn c 1.55 ng doanh thu vo nm 2008, 1.59 ng vo nm 2009 v 1.73 ng vo nm 2010. t sut ny tng l do c doanh thu v chi ph thu mua u tng. T sut li nhun trn chi ph thu mua nguyn liu: Tng li nhun t hot ng sxkd Li nhun/chi ph thu mua nguyn liu= Tng chi ph thu mua nguyn liu Trong mt k kinh doanh, bnh qun c b ra 1 ng chi ph cho vic thu mua nguyn liu th thu c bao nhiu ng li nhun. bnh qun c b ra 1 ng chi ph cho vic thu mua nguyn liu th thu c 0.27 ng li nhun vo nm 2008, 0.35 ng vo nm 2009 v 0.25 ng vo nm 2010. Nguyn nhn tng l do c li nhun v chi ph thu mua u tng v nm 2009 tc tng ca li nhun ln hn chi ph thu mua nguyn liu, cn nm 2010 th tc tng ca nguyn liu ln hn chi ph thu mua nguyn liu. 3.4.3. Nhng thnh tu v hn ch trong cng tc thu mua nguyn liu: Thnh tu: Cng ty c quan h tng i tt vi cc ch nu, va nn khi cn nguyn liu th cng ty c s h tr nhit tnh t h.

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Trong cng ty c b phn thu mua v i ng nhn vin y l nhng ngi c kinh nghim lm vic lu nm nn vic nh gi cht lng bng cm quan ca h rt tt.

Cng ty c s lin h gia cc phng ban rt cht ch. Cng ty F17 cng to lp c uy tn lm n lu di vi cc bn hng ca mnh, to iu kin cho cng tc thu mua t hiu qu.

Hn ch: Vic thu mua nguyn liu ch nu, va nhiu nn gi ca nguyn liu cn cao. Vic thu mua trc tip t ng dn cn rt hn ch v cng ty v vic lin kt vi ng dn v h nui cn qu thp. Dn n vic thu mua nguyn liu vn cn mc cao, n lm lng ph thu mua v gim hiu qu cng tc thu mua. Vic tiu th cc sn phm ca cng ty cn ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc n t hng ca bn hng truyn thng, v nhng ngi c quan h lm n lu nm, cng ty cha c s ch ng trong vic tm kim khch hng, cc n t hng mi. thm vo ci hot ng xc tin bn hng ca cng ty cha c y mnh, m cng tc tiu th khng tt th cng tc thu mua cng khng t kt qu cao c. S linh hot ca cng ty trong vic thu mua nguyn liu cha cao v phi hi qua kin ca ph gim c khi gi nguyn liu vt mc ra. Cht lng thy sn ca cng ty c nng cao nhng vn cn thp so vi mt bng cc nc trong khu vc. Hot ng nghin cu th trng cn km, cha ch trng n Marketing v thng hiu. 3.5. MT S BIN PHP NHM Y MNH CNG TC THU MUA NGUYN LIU TI CNG TY C PHN NHA TRANG SEAFOODS-F17. Qua phn tch thc trng ca cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17 cng vi kin thc ca mnh em xin a ra mt s gii php nhm y cng tc thu mua nguyn vt liu nh sau:

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Tm hiu v c s ngun nguyn liu: Cng ty mun c kt qu tt hn trong thu mua th nhn vin thu mua phi hiu r c tnh hnh ca nguyn liu thy sn, hiu c dng chy ca nguyn liu, v ni no l vng nguyn liu trng im ca thy sn. Hiu c nhng iu ny th cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty s hiu qu hn, t tn chi ph hn.

Thit lp mi quan h vi nh cung cp nguyn liu: Nhng nm gn y, ngnh ch bin thy sn pht trin mnh, s lng cc

doanh nghip ch bin hi sn ngy cng tng, trong khi sn lng khai thc, nui trng thy sn ngy cng gim. Mt khc, chui lin kt trong khai thc, cung ng, s dng nguyn liu gia ng dn v doanh nghip cn rt ri rc. Thm vo l tnh trng khai thc hi sn t, khng chn la chng loi, cc loi c tp phi s dng lng ph vo vic ch bin bt c, thc n gia sc, trong khi ngun li hi sn ang c nguy c cn kit, dn n nguyn liu u vo cho cng ty ngy cng thiu trm trng. M theo bo co ca ngnh thy sn, t u nm n nay, cc doanh nghip ch bin ch hot ng t 50-60% cng sut do thiu nguyn liu. Nn vic thit lp mi quan h vi cc nh cung cp l cng vic cp thit ca cng ty nhm to ra mi quan h lm n lu di c th n nh v nguyn liu u vo cho cng ty. Nn k hp ng thu mua di hn vi nu, va v tha thun cc iu khon v gi c, v vn chuyn nguyn liu. i khi cng ty nn c nhng khong hoa hng hp l cho cc ch nu va hoc ng tin trc khi h thiu vn thu mua. Cng ty nn ch trng v u t vo cc h nui t con ging, quy trnh nui, thu hoch, ch bin, mi trng c c sn phm t cht lng tt nht. Cng ty nn t cc im thu mua nguyn liu ti cc bn thu mua tin cho ngi dn v cng ty thng tin cho ng dn bit nh my ch bin ang cn nguyn liu g, cht lng ra sao, kch c nh th no, thi im thu mua. T , ng dn s bit khai thc c chn lc, gim bt cc loi c khng dng xut khu, nhm bo v ngun li hi sn v bo m cht lng nguyn liu cung ng cho cng ty. Cng vi cng ty cn lin h vi ng dn v h tr h v k thut nh bo qun nguyn liu nh th 93

no l tt nht c th thu mua c nguyn liu tt v vi gi c li nht cho cng ty. y mnh hot ng tiu th ca cng ty: y l khu rt quan trng ca cng ty, nu vic tiu th tt th dn n vic thu mua nguyn liu cng nhiu hn, linh hot hn. Cn nu u ra gp kh khn th cht lng s km i, v gy ng vn trong cng ty khin vic thu mua nguyn liu cng khng hiu qu. Vy nn hai khu thu mua v tiu th lun tc ng ln nhau, song song cng nhau: Cng ty cn quan tm n th trng trong nc, y cng l th trng tim nng. Nhu cu v tiu th thu sn ca h gia nh v tiu th thu sn bnh qun trn u ngi ti VN ngy cng tng. Vi s dn khong 86 triu ngi v sn phm thu sn ang c ngi tiu dng a chung to ra nhng thun li ln pht trin th trng thu sn VN thnh mt trong nhng th trng thu sn ln ca khu vc. Cng ty cn lp mt phng marketing chuyn qung b sn phm v nghin cu th trng, ci tin cng ngh, tham gia cc hi ch trin lm quc t. V ci thin li website ca cng ty khch hng c th d truy cp tm hiu v sn phm v c th nu ln kin ca h v cht lng, mu m,v khng ngng qung co v hnh nh v sn phm ca cng ty thng qua cc bo ch, truyn thng trong nc v nc ngoi. V thc y cc hot ng bn hng, cho hng. Thng qua c hot ng ny c th qun b v cng ty tt hn v ta c th nhn c s phn hi ca khch hng nhanh nht, cu th nht. Duy tr sn xut trong nc v quan tm m rng th trng xut khu qua mt s nc khc, tm kim cc khch hng mi, to dng mi qua h lm n lu di th vic tiu th ca cng mi bn vng c. V cht lng ca sn phm: Khi mi trng ngy cng pht trin nh vy th con ngi s ch tm n sc khe ca h hn nn vic cht lng l yu t rt quan trng. V th m cng ty cn nng cao cht lng sn phm ca mnh dc bit l khu an ton thc phm c th to c nim tin trong lng khch hng.

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Ngy nay khi xut khu sn phm ngi ta xem xt rt k v cht lng, mu m, xut x ca nguyn liu. Mun cho vic xut khu t hiu qu v c s tn nhim ca khch hng th cng ty cn kim tra cc iu kin m bo an ton v sinh thc phm, c bit l vic s dng ho cht, khng sinh cm s dng trong bo qun, s ch nguyn liu hi sn ca mnh. Tt c cc i l, c s thu mua, c s s ch nguyn liu phi p ng quy chun v iu kin an ton v sinh,ch thu mua cc l nguyn liu c giy chng nhn cht lng. S dng cng c gi linh hot hn: Trong thu mua nguyn liu gi c ng vai tr rt quan trng, n lun bin ng do cht lng nguyn liu, cung cu th trng, chng loi nguyn liu, Khi thu mua ty vo thi im: ma v hay tri ma, mc cnh tranh th doanh nghip lun a ra mc gi ph hp nht vi yu cu sn xut ca cng ty. V cng ty vo a bn khc nhau m gi c khc nhau. Cng ty nn nm bt thng tin v gi ny vo tng thi im, ma v a ra mc gi hp l c th thu mua phc v cho sn xut tt nht. Vic linh ng gi trong qu trnh thu mua s to cho cng ty c tnh cnh tranh cao. Khi vic thc hin gi tt th ta s mua c nhng sn phm cht lng tt hn v qua n cng lm nng cao hiu qu trong sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. KT LUN Nhng nm gn y, ngnh ch bin thy sn pht trin mnh, s lng cc doanh nghip ch bin hi sn ngy cng tng, trong khi sn lng khai thc, nui trng thy sn ngy cng gim. iu ny ngy cng kh khn hn cho cc cng ty xut khu thy sn nh cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-F17. Qua phn tch thc trng ti cng ty ta cng thy r hn v tm quan trng ca nguyn liu thy sn trong qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ca cc cng ty ch bin thy sn. C th ni hiu qu ca cng tc thu mua nguyn liu s to ra hiu qu ca qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh. ti mt s bin php nhm y mnh cng tc thu mua nguyn liu ti cng ty c phn Nha Trang Seafoods-f17 vi s hng dn tn tnh ca thy V nh Quyt cng cc c ch trong cng ty cho em c c hi phn no c tip cn vi thc t v

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hot ng sn xut kinh doanh em c th hon thin h thng kin thc mnh hn. V cng qua y em cng mong mun ng gp nhng kin ca mnh trong thi gian ti cng ty s c hot ng thu mua tt hn. Kin thc cn nhiu hn ch, v kinh nghim thc t cha c nn em mong c s ng gp kin ca thy(c), c, ch bi bo co ca em c hon thin hn. Sinh vin thc hin

L TH HNG HUYN

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