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1 - Gii thiu mng di ng GSM

nh ngha GSM GSM l vit tt ca t " The Global System for Mobile Cpommunication" - Mng thng tin di ng ton cu. - GSM l tiu chun chung cho cc thu bao di ng di chuyn gia cc v tr a l khc nhau m vn gi c lin lc . Cc mng in thoi GSM vit nam . Vit Nam v cc nc trn Th gii , mng in thoi GSM vn chim a s, Vit Nam c 3 mng in thoi GSM l : - Mng Vinaphone : 091 => 094... - Mng Mobiphone : 090 => 093... - Mng Vietel 098... Cng ngh ca mng GSM Cc mng in thoi GSM s dng cng ngh TDMA - TDMA l vit tt ca t " Time Division Multiple Access " Phn chia cc truy cp theo thi gian . Gii thch : y l cng ngh cho php 8 my di ng c th s dng chung 1 knh m thoi , mi my s s dng 1/8 khe thi gian truyn v nhn thng tin. Cng ngh CDMA . Khc vi cng ngh TDMA ca cc mng GSM l cng ngh CDMA ca cc mng nh - Mng Sphone 095... - Mng EVN.Telecom 096... - Mng HTL 092... - CDMA l vit tt ca " Code Division Multiple Access " Phn chia cc truy cp theo m . Gii thch : Cng ngh CDMA s dng m s cho mi cuc gi, v n khng s dng mt knh m thoi nh cng ngh TDMA m s dng c mt ph tn (nhiu knh mt lc) v vy cng ngh ny c tc truyn dn tn hiu cao hn cng ngh TDMA Cu trc c bn ca mng di ng . Mi mng in thoi di ng c nhiu tng i chuyn mch MSC cc khu vc khc nhau ( V d nh tng i min Bc, min Trung, min Nam) v mi Tng i li c nhiu trm thu pht v tuyn BSS xuanvinh_0912421959 Ti liu ny ng k bn quyn

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Mng in thoi di ng GSM Bng tn GSM 900 MHz . - Nu bn s dng thu bao mng Vinaphone, Mobiphone hoc Vietel l bn ang s dng cng ngh GSM. Cng ngh GSM c chia lm 3 bng tn - Bng tn GSM 900MHz - Bng tn GSM 1800MHz - V bng tn GSM 1900MHz Tt c cc mng in thoi Vit Nam hin ang pht bng tn 900MHz , cc nc trn Th gii s dng bng tn 1800MHz, M s dng bng tn 1900MHz .

Bng tn GSM 900MHz Vi bng GSM 900MHz , in thoi di ng thu di sng 935MHz n 960MHz v pht di sng 890MHz n 915MHz Khi in thoi dd thu t i pht trn mt tn s no ( trong gii 935MHz n 960MHz ) n s tr i 45MHz ly ra tn s pht, khong cch gia tn s thu v pht ca bng GSM 900 lun lun l 45MHz . Tn s thu v pht ca my di ng l do tng i iu khin . xuanvinh_0912421959 Ti liu ny ng k bn quyn

www.hocnghe.com.vn Bng tn GSM 1800 MHz .

Bng tn GSM 1800 MHz bng 1800M, in thoi d thu di sng 1805MHz n 1880MHz v pht di sng 1710MHz n 1785MHz Khi in thoi dd thu t i pht trn mt tn s no ( trong gii 1805MHz n 1880MHz ) n s tr i 95MHz ly ra tn s pht , khong cch gia tn s thu v pht ca bng GSM 1800 l 95MHz . So snh 2 bng tn .

Bng tn GSM 900MHz v bng tn GSM 1800MHz

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Ti s dng tn s .

Ton b di tn pht cho mng GSM 900M ch c t 890MHz n 915MHz tc l c 25MHz, mi knh chim mt khe tn s 200KHz => nh vy c khong 125 knh thoi c th s dng mt lc, mi knh thoi c chia thnh 8 khe thi gian trong 1/8 thi gian ginh cho tn hiu iu khin, 7/8 khe thi gian cn li dnh cho 7 thu bao v nh vy tng s thu bao c th lin lc trong mt thi im l 125 x 7 = 875 . 875 thu bao c th lin lc ng thi trong mt thi im cho mt mng di ng, y l con s qu t khng p ng c nhu cu s dng, v vy ti s dng tn s l phng php lm tng s thu bao di ng c th lin lc trong mt thi im ln ti con s hng triu . Phng php ti s dng tn s . - Ngi ta chia mt Thnh ph ra thnh nhiu hnh lc gic => gi l Cell , mi c mt trm BTS thu pht tn hiu, cc khng lin nhau c th pht chung mt tn s ( nh hnh di th cc c cng mu xanh hay mu vng c th pht chung tn s ) - Vi phng php trn ngi ta c th chia ton b gii tn ra lm 3 pht trn cc khng lin k nh 3 mu di y, v nh vy mi c th phc v cho 875 / 3 = khong 290 thu bao . - Trong mt Thnh ph c th c hng trm trm thu pht BTS v vy n c th phc v c hng chc ngn thu bao c th lin lc trong cng mt thi im .

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Thnh ph c chia thnh nhiu hnh lc gic, mi c t mt trm thu pht BTS . Pht tn hiu trong mi Tn hiu trong mi c pht theo mt trong hai phng php - Pht ng hng - Pht c hng theo gc 120o

2 - Cc thnh phn ca mng di ng

Mng in thoi di ng GSM xuanvinh_0912421959 Ti liu ny ng k bn quyn

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Mng in thoi di ng GSM My cm tay MS ( Mobile Station ) Trong mi my di ng cm tay khi lin lc, nh qun l iu hnh mng s qun l theo hai m s . - S SIM y l m nhn dng di ng thu bao Quc t, da vo m s ny m nh qun l c th qun l c cc cuc gi cng nh cc dch v gia tng khc . - S IMEI y l s nhn dng di ng Quc t, s ny c np vo b nh ROM khi in thoi c xut xng, mi my in thoi c mt s IMEI duy nht, cc nc trn th gii s IMEI c cc nh cung cp dch v qun l, v vy nc ngoi nu mt in thoi di ng b nh cp th chng cng th s dng c - Vi cc cng ngh tin tin ngy nay, nu bn bt my in thoi ln, ngi ta c th bit bn ang ng u chnh xc ti phm vi 10m2 l cng ngh nh v ton cu .

ngha s IMEI

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ngha s SIM

S thu bao IMSI

H thng tng i

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Cc giao din v tuyn Knh vt l v knh Logic Knh vt l l knh tn s dng truyn ti thng tin. V d: Knh tn s 890MHz l knh vt l. Knh logic l knh do knh vt l chia tch. Trong GSM, mt knh vt l c chia ra lm 8 knh logic.

Mt knh Logic chim 1/8 khe thi gian ca knh vt l Knh vt l l knh c tn s xc nh, c di thng 200KHz Knh m thoi . Lu lng knh m thoi s c truyn i trn cc knh Logic, mi knh vt l c th h tr 7 knh m thoi v mt knh iu khin . Knh iu khin Mi knh vt l s dng 1/8 thi gian lm knh iu khin, knh iu khin s gi t i pht n my thu cc thng tin iu khin ca tng i .

3 - Cc cng ngh v tuyn

Cc k thut iu ch tn hiu . xuanvinh_0912421959 Ti liu ny ng k bn quyn

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K thut iu bin :

K thut iu bin lm thay i bin tn hiu theo tn hiu s

K thut iu tn .

K thut iu tn lm thay i tn s tn hiu theo tn hiu s K thut iu pha

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K thut iu pha lm thay i pha tn hiu theo tn hiu s Cng ngh di ng s dng k thut iu pha, y l k thut thng c s dng cho mch iu ch s . iu khin cng sut pht ca my di ng . V sao phi iu khin cng sut pht ca my di ng ? => gim cng sut pht ca my di ng khi khng cn thit tit kim nng lng tiu th cho pin . => Gim c nhiu cho cc knh tn s ln cn => Gim nh hng sc kho cho ngi s dng .

Khi ta bt ngun Mobile, knh thu s thu tn hiu qung b ca i pht, tn hiu thu c i chiu vi d liu trong b nh SIM Mobile c th nhn ra mng ch ca mnh, sau Mobile s pht tn hiu iu khin v i pht (khong 3-4 giy), tn hiu c thu qua cc trm BTS v c truyn v tng i MSC, tng i s ghi li v tr ca Mobile vo trong Data Base. Sau khi pht tn hiu iu khin v tng i, Mobile ca bn s chuyn sang ch ngh ( khng pht tn hiu ) v sau khong 15 pht n mi pht tn hiu iu khin v tng i 1 ln . xuanvinh_0912421959 Ti liu ny ng k bn quyn

www.hocnghe.com.vn Thu tn hiu ngt qung i pht pht i cc tn hiu qung b nhng tn hiu ny cng pht xen k vi cc khong thi gian ri v thi gian pht tin nhn .

Khi khng c cuc gi th in thoi s thu c tn hiu ngt qung cho in thoi gi c s lin lc vi tng i . Khi thu bao di chuyn gia cc ( Cell ) Khi bn ng trong Cell th nht, bn bt my v tng i thu c tn hiu tr li t ng t in thoi ca bn => tng i s lu v tr ca bn trong Data Base Khi bn di chuyn sang mt Cell khc, nh tn hiu thu t knh qung b m in thoi ca bn hiu rng tn hiu thu t trm BTS th nht ang yu dn v c mt tn hiu thu t mt trm BTS khc ang mnh dn ln, n mt thi im nht nh, in thoi ca bn s t ng pht tn hiu iu khin v i pht tng i ghi li v tr mi ca bn . Khi c mt ai cm my gi cho bn, ban u n s pht i mt yu cu kt ni n tng i, tng i s tm du vt thu bao ca bn trong c s d liu, nu tm thy n s cho kt ni n trm BTS m bn ang ng pht tn hiu tm thu bao ca bn . Khi tng i nhn c tn hiu tr li sn sng kt ni ( do my ca bn pht li t ng ) tng i s iu khin cc trm BTS tm knh cn ri thit lp cuc gi => lc ny my ca bn mi c rung v chung .

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