Lp ha 11 - nng cao LP HA 11 NNG CAO GV: TNG C HUY .

N TP CHNG I PH LC 1: Tnh tan ca cc cht:

- Hiroxit ca kim loi kim: LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH)2...tan. cn li khng tan. - Mui nitrat (NO ), axetat ( CH3COO), amoni (NH) , mui ca kim loi kim (Na +, K+...) tt c u tan - Mui clorua (Cl) a s tan tr AgCl, CuCl, Hg2Cl2 , PbCl2 (tan trong nc nng) - Mui sunfat ( SO ) a s tan tr CaSO4 , SrSO4 , BaSO4 , PbSO4 , Ag2SO4 (t tan) - Mui cacbonat ( CO ), phophat ( PO ) , sunfit ( SO ) a s khng tan tr mui ca kim loi kim Na +, K+... v amoni NH VN 1: VIT PHNG TRNH IN LI: Vit PT in li ca cc cht sau: Al(OH)3 , CaCl2 ,Na2SO4 , Al2(SO4)3, Mg(NO3)2, KMnO4, Zn(OH)2, KClO3, K2ZnO2, H2CO3, Fe(OH)3, (NH4)2CO3, NaHSO4, NaH2PO4, [Zn(NH3)]SO4.

Cu 1.

VN 2: PHNG TRNH TRAO I ION:

Cu 2.

Vit phng trnh phn ng phn t, phng trnh ion thu gn cc phn ng sau (nu c): a. Bari nitrat + axit sunfuric f. Canxi clorua + natri photphat b. Kali cacbonat + axit clohydric g. St (III) clorua + kali hydroxit c. Axit photphoric + bari hydroxit h. Natri sunfat + axit sunfuric d. Axit sunfuahydric + ch nitrat i. CuSO4 + NH3 + H2O e. Canxi hydroxit (d) + kh cacbonic j. AlCl3 + NH3 + H2O

Cu 3.

Vit phng trnh dng phn t ng vi phng trnh ion thu gn sau: b./ Fe2+ + 2OH Fe(OH)2 d./ S2- + 2H+ H2S d./ CO2 + 2OH- CO + H2O i./ Al(OH)3 + OH- AlO+ 2H2O

a./ Ba2+ + CO BaCO3 c./ NH + + OH NH3 + H2O 4 e./ FeS + 2H + FeCl2 + H2S h./ CO + 2H+ CO2 + H2O
Cu 4.

Vit v cn bng PT sau di dng ion rt gn : CaCO3+ ? + Fe2(SO4)3 ? CaCl2 + ? b/ d/ ? ? g/ i/ FeS + ? FeCl2 + ?+ NaOH ? ? ? + NaAlO2

a/ c/ e/ h/
Cu 5.
Cu 1.

? + K2SO4

CH3COONa + ? NaCl + Mg(OH)2 + HNO3 ? +

NaOH + FeCl2 +

? ? + Na2ZnO2 ? NaCl + ?

Cu 6. Cu 7. Cu 8.

Dng thuyt Bronted gii thch cc cht, ion sau y ng vai tr l axit, baz, lng tnh hay trung tnh: Al(OH)3, Al(H2O)3+ , NaHCO3, HSO4-, S2-, CH3COONa, (NH4)2SO4, HPO42-, CO32 -, KCl, K2S. Mt dung dch cha 2 cation Fe2+ (0,1 mol) v Al3+ (0,2 mol ) Ca2+ v 2 anion l Cl-.(x mol) v SO42-(y mol).Tnh x, y bit rng khi c cn dung dch thu c 46,9 g cht rn khan ? Nng mol ca ion H+ trong dung dch axit CH3COOH 0,1 M l 0,0013mol /lt .Tnh in li ? Ha tan 3g CH3COOH vo nc c 250ml dung dch A. Tnh nng mol cc ion trong dung dch A, bit in li bng 0,8. Tnh p H ca cc dung dch sau:

a/ Dung dch NH4Cl 10-4M Bit Ka=5,56.10-10 b/ Dung dch HCOOH 0,1M. Bit Ka=1,78.10-4 GV: Tng c Huy 0936.05.4040 1

Lp ha 11 - nng cao c/ Dung dch NH3 0,1M. Bit Kb=1,8.10-5

Cu 9. Cu 10.

Tnh in li ca HCN 0,05M trong dung dch ,bit Ka= 7.10-10 Dung dch NH3 1M c =0,43%. Tnh Kb ca dung dch .

VN 3: TNH NNG MOL/LIT

Cu 11.

Tnh nng mol cc ion trong dung dch :

a/Ha tan 12,5 g CuSO4.5H2O vo 1 lng nc cho 200 ml dung dch . b/Trn 150 ml dung dch CaCl2 0,5M vi 50ml dung dch NaCl 2M. c/ dung dch CH3COOH1,5 M ,bit rng ch c 1,4 % s phn t phn li thnh ion.
Cu 12. Trn 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M vi 100 ml dung dch HNO3 0,1M thu c dung dch A. Tnh th tch dung dch

Ba(OH)2 0,02 M cn dng trung ha ht dung dch A.

Cu 13. Trn ln dung dch HCl 0,2M v dung dch H2SO4 0,1M theo t l 1: 1 v th tch. trung ha 100 ml dung dch

thu c cn bao nhiu ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,02M?

Cu 14. trung ha 250 ml dd X gm HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,5M cn dng V (l) dd Y gm NaOH 0,2M v Ca(OH)2 0,3 M. Tnh V

(l) dd Y dng?

S: 0,625 l

VN 5: BI TP TNH PH Phng php

pH = - lg [ H+ ] (1) [H+] = 10 pH pOH = - lg [ OH - ] pH + pOH = 14 (2)

1. Nu bit nng H+ ta thay vo biu thc (1) tnh pH. 2. Nu bit nng OH ta tnh pOH sau thay vo biu thc (2) tnh pH [H+] pH Axit > 1,0.10 M <7 Trung tnh = 1,0.10- 7 M =7 Baz < 1,0.10- 7 M >7 Ha tan hon ton 0,12g Mg trong 100,0 ml dung dch HCl 0,20M. Tnh pH ca dung dch sau khi phn ng kt thc. Bit rng s bin i V khng ng k. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c sau khi trn 100 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M vi 100ml dung dch KOH 0,3M Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c sau khi trn 300 ml dung dch NaOH 2M vi 200ml H2SO4 8M Cho 300ml dd NaOH 4M tc dng hon ton vi 200ml dd X gm dd HCl 1M v dd H2SO4 2 M. tnh pH ca dd sau khi phn ng. Cho Dung dch CH3COOH 0,01M c in li =1%. Tnh Ka v pH ca dung dch axit ny Cho 220ml dd HCl c pH = 5 tc dng vi 180ml dd KOH c pH = 9 th thu c dd A. Tnh pH ca dd A. Cho V ml H2O vo 20ml dd HCl c pH=4. Thu c dd c pH=5. Tnh V? Mi trng
-7

Cu 15. Cu 16. Cu 17. Cu 18. Cu 19. Cu 20.

Cu 21. Cu 22. Cho V1 (l) dung dch A c pH = 3. Khi thm vo dung dch A trn mt th tch nc th thu c V2 (l) dung dch

B c pH = 4. a) Thit lp biu thc lin h gia V1 v V2. b) Tnh th tch nc thm vo theo V1.

S: V2 = 10 V1; VH2O = 9 V1

Cu 23. Cho 300 ml dung dch NaOH 4M tc dng han tan vi 200 ml dd X gm (dd HCl 1M v dd H2SO4 2M). Tnh

pH ca dd sau khi phn ng.

GV: Tng c Huy 0936.05.4040

Lp ha 11 - nng cao
Cu 24. Cho 300 ml dd HCl 4M tc dng han tan vi 200ml dd A gm (dd NaOH 1M v dd Ba(OH)2 2M). Tnh pH ca

dd sau khi phn ng.

VN 5: CHUI PHN NG. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau y: a. Fe + HNO3 NO2 + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O b. FeO + HNO3 NO + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O c. Fe3O4 + HNO3 NO + Fe(NO3)2 + H2O d. FeS + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + N2O + H2O Cu 26. Thc hin chui phn ng sau a) NH4NO2 N2 NH3 (NH4)2SO4 NH4Cl NH4NO3 N2 b) N2 NH3 NH4NO3 NH3 NO NO2 HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 CuO c) NH4NO2 N2 NH3 NO NO2 HNO3 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( d) NH4NO2 (1) N2 2) NH3 3) NO2 4) HNO3 5) Cu(NO3)2 6) Cu(OH)2 7) CuO (8) CuCl2 9) 1 1 1 1 Cu(NO3)2 (0) Cu(OH)2 (1) CuO (2) N2 (3) NO e) NH4NO3 NH3 Al(OH)3 NaAlO2 Al(OH)3 Al2O3 Cu 27. S sau y cho thy vai tr ca thin nhin v con ngi trong vic chuyn nit t kh quyn vo trong t, cung cp ngun phn m cho cy ci. +X +X + X+H O +Z a. N 2 N O N O2 Y C a( N O3 ) 2 H M H b. N 2 + M + X NO + X +O Y + NH 4 NO3 Vit cc phng trnh phn ng trong s chuyn ha trn.
Cu 25.
2 2 2

GV: Tng c Huy 0936.05.4040