S GIO DC & O TO K THI CHN HC SINH GII THNH PH LP 12

H NI Nm hc 2011-2012
Mn thi: Ho hc
Ngy thi: 18 10 2011
Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht
( thi gm 2 trang)
Cu I (2,5 im)
1/ n cht X dng bt mu , khi un nng X vi HNO
3
c to ra cht kh T mu nu v dung dch
Z. Tu theo lng NaOH cho vo dung dch Z ngi ta thu c mui Z
1
, Z
2
hoc Z
3
. Cho kh T tc dng
vi dung dch KOH thu c dung dch cha 2 mui. X l cht g? Vit cc phng trnh ho hc.
2/ Kh CO
2
tan trong nc to thnh dung dch axit cacbonic, khi tn ti cc cn bng
CO
2
(kh) + H
2
O(lng) H
2
CO
3
(dung dch) (1)
H
2
CO
3
(dung dch) H
+
+ HCO
3
-
(2)
HCO
3
-
H
+
+ CO
3
2-
(3)
Lng CO
2
(ho tan) thay i nh th no trong cc trng hp sau (c gii thch)
a) un nng dung dch trn.
b) Thm dung dch HCl vo dung dch trn.
c) Thm dung dch NaOH vo dung dch trn.
3/ Cho a mol photphin vo mt bnh kn c dung tch khng i. Nng nhit ln 641
0
C, phn ng ho hc
xy ra theo phng trnh : 4PH
3(k)
P
4(k)
+ 6H
2(k)
. Khi phn ng t trng thi cn bng, khi
lng mol trung bnh ca hn hp kh l 21,25 g/mol v p sut bnh phn ng l P. Tnh P bit phn ng
trn c hng s cn bng K
C
l 3,73.10
-4
.
Cu II (2,75 im)
1/ Ho tan hon ton m gam bt nhm trong dung dch cha HCl v HNO
3
thu c 3,36 lt hn hp Y gm
hai kh khng mu, dung dch cn li ch cha mui ca cation Al
3+
. em ton b lng hn hp kh Y trn
vi 1 lt oxi thu c 3,688 lt hn hp gm 3 kh. Bit th tch cc kh u o iu kin tiu chun v khi
lng ca hn hp kh Y nh hn 2 gam. Tm m.
2/ Cho 38,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe(NO
3
)
2
v FeCO
3
vo mt bnh khng cha kh. Nung bnh in khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 9,24 lt (ktc) hn hp kh Y gm ba cht kh v cht rn Z.
a) Vit cc phng trnh ho hc v tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp X.
b) Nu cho ton b lng Z tc dng vi lng d kh CO nung nng thu c cht rn G, ho tan G
trong dung dch HBr d ri c cn c cht rn khan T, Cho T tc dng vi dung dch H
2
SO
4
c
nng d thu c V lt kh SO
2
(ktc) l sn phm kh duy nht. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc v
tnh V.
Cu III (3,25 im)
1/ Nguyn t nguyn t R c tng s electron cc phn lp s l 7.
a) Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca R, Xc nh tn nguyn t R.
b) Vi R c phn lp 3d bo ho, ho tan hon ton m gam mt oxit ca R trong dung dch H
2
SO
4
c, nng sinh ra 0,56 lt (ktc) kh SO
2
l sn phm kh duy nht. Hp th ton b lng kh SO
2
trn vo 2 lt dung dch KMnO
4
thu c dung dch T (coi th tch khng thay i).
- Vit cc phng trnh ho hc v tm m.
- Bit lng KMnO
4
phn ng va , tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch KMnO
4
dng.
- Tnh pH ca dung dch T. Bit axit H
2
SO
4
c K
a1
= ; K
a2
= 10
-2
.
2/ Hai nguyn t phi kim X v Y c cc oxit thng gp l XO
n
, XO
m
, YO
m
v YO
3
( vi n, m l cc s
nguyn dng v u nh hn 3). Hn hp Q gm a mol XO
n
v b mol XO
m
c khi lng mot trung bnh l
40 gam/mol. Hn hp R gm b mol XO
n
v a mol XO
m
c khi lng mol trung bnh l 32 gam/mol. T khi
ca YO
3
trn YO
m
l 1,25.
a) Xc nh cc ch s n, m v t s a/b, bit a<b.
CHNH THC
b) Xc nh cc nguyn t X, Y v cc oxit ca chng.
Cu IV (4,75 im)
1/ Khi clo ho isopentan (un nng, c chiu sng) thu c hn hp cc dn xut monoclo.
a) Vit cng thc cu to cc dn xut monoclo.
b) Vit c ch phn ng to ra 2-clo-3-metylbutan.
2/ Vit cng thc cu to cc cht trong s chuyn ho:
a) X
1
(C
2
H
6
O) X
2
X
3
X
4
X
5
X
6
X
1

X
7
X
8
X
9
(C
2
H
6
O).
Bit X
1
, X
2
, X
3
,l cc hp cht hu c khc nhau c th cha cc nguyn t cacbon, hiro, oxi, natri; phn
t ca chng khng cha qu 3 nguyn t cacbon.
b) A
1
A
2
(o-clotoluen) A
3
A
4
A
5
A
6
Cu V (3,0 im)
1/ Hn hp A gm 2 cht hu c n chc u cha C, H, O. Cho 25,92 gam hn hp A vo 360 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M c dung dch B, trung ho lng kim d trong B cn 300 ml dung dch HCl 0,4M thu
c dung dch D. Chia D thnh 2 phn bng nhau: Phn 1 em chng ct thu c 4,923 lt ( o 127
0
C v
1,2 atm) mt ancol duy nht. C cn phn 2 thu c 13,35 gam hn hp 2 mui khan. Xc nh cng thc
cu to cc cht trong A v vit cc phng trnh ho hc.
2/ Cht X c thnh phn phn trm khi lng l 63,16% C; 31,58% O cn li l hiro.
a) Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X, bit phn t khi ca X bng 152.
b) Cht X khng tc dng c vi dung dch NaHCO
3
. X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH to ra cht Y
(cht Y c cng s nguyn t cacbon vi X). Khi cho 2a mol X tc dng vi Na d thu c a mol
H
2
. X c th tham phn ng trng bc. Vit cc cng thc cu to c th c ca X, bit trong phn t
X cc nhm chc c gn vo cc nguyn t cacbon lin tip nhau.
Cu VI ( 3,75 im)
1/ t chy hon ton 10,08 gam mt cacbohirat X bng O
2
. Hp th ht sn phm chy vo dung dch
Ca(OH)
2
thu c 16 gam kt ta v dung dch Y. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)
2
va vo dung dch Y li thu
c thm 29,7 gam kt ta. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc, xc nh cng thc phn t ca X, bit phn t
khi ca X c gi tr: 252<M
X
<756.
2/ Hp cht hu c P c cng thc phn t C
8
H
11
N tan c trong axit. P tc dng vi HNO
2
to ra hp cht
Q c cng thc phn t C
8
H
10
O. un nng Q vi dung dch H
2
SO
4
c to ra hp cht E (C
8
H
8
). Khi un
nng hp cht E vi thuc tm thu c mui ca axit benzoic. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca P, Q , E v
vit cc phng trnh ho hc.
3/ t chy hon ton m gam cht hu c A cn dng va 15,4 lt khng kh (ktc) thu c hn hp B
gm CO
2
, H
2
O v N
2
. Dn hn hp B vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)
2
d thu c 10 gam cht kt ta,
sau th nghim khi lng bnh nc vi tng 7,55 gam v thy thot ra 12,88 lt kh (ktc).
a) Tm m, bit trong khng kh c cha 20% oxi v th tch, cn li l N
2
.
b) Tm cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to v gi tn A. Bit phn t khi ca A nh hn 150 v
A c iu ch trc tip t hai cht hu c khc nhau.
Cho H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40;
Cr = 52; Mn = 55; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Ba = 137.
-------------Ht--------------
(Gim th khng gii thch g thm)
+Cl2, t
0
bt Fe
+KMnO4, t
0
+KOH c +HCl
+(CH3CO)2O
t
0
cao, P cao
H v tn th sinh:..
S bo danh: .
C
u
Ni dung im
Cu
I
2,5
1/
1

X la P o
P + 5HNO
3

o
t
H
3
PO
4
+ 5NO
2
+ H
2
O
Dd Z la H
3
PO
4
; khi T la NO
2
H
3
PO
4
+ NaOH NaH
2
PO
4
+ H
2
O
H
3
PO
4
+ 2NaOH Na
2
HPO
4
+ H
2
O
H
3
PO
4
+ 3NaOH Na
3
PO
4
+ H
2
O
Mui Z
1
, Z
2
, Z
3
la NaH
2
PO
4
; Na
2
HPO
4
;Na
3
PO
4
.
2NO
2
+ 2KOH KNO
3
+ KNO
2
+ H
2
O
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
2/ a) Khi un nong dung dich trn thi lng khi CO
2
hoa tan bi giam. Do
un nong thi khi CO
2
thoat ra ngoai lam cho cac cn bng (1), (2), (3)
chuyn di ch theo chiu nghich.
0,25
b) Thm dung dich HCl lam giam s ho a tan khi CO
2
.
Giai thich: HCl H
+
+ Cl
-
. Khi thm dung di ch HCl va dung dich axit
cacbonic lam tng nng ion H
+
, lam cac cn bng (1), (2), (3) chuyn
dich theo chiu nghich.
0,25
c) Thm NaOH va dung di ch axit cacbonic lam tng s ho a tan khi CO
2
.
Giai thich: NaOH Na
+
+ OH
-
; H
+
+ OH
-
H
2
OKhi thm dung di ch
NaOH va dung dich axit cacbonic thi lam giam nng ion H
+
lam ca c cn
bng (1), (2), (3) chuyn dich theo chiu thun.
0,25
3/ Goi V lit la th tich cua binh. Th tich hn hp khi la th tich cua binh kin.
4PH
3(k)
P
4(k)
+ 6H
2(k)
.
Trc P a 0 0 (mol)
khi P 4x x 6x (mol) (0<x<a)
khi CB a - 4x x 6x (mol)
Ta co:
x a
x x x a
x x x a
M 5 25 , 21
6 4
2 . 6 . 124 ) 4 .( 34

+ +
+ +

Vy khi h at trang thai cn bng co khi:

'

) ( 6 :
) ( :
) ( :
2
4
3
m o l x H
m o l x P
m o l x P H
Ta co
[ ] [ ]
[ ]
3 4
4
6
4
3
6
2 4
10 . 2 10 . 73 , 3
6
.
.

,
_

,
_

V
x
V
x
V
x
V
x
PH
H P
K
C
Ap sut binh phan ng la:

2 , 1
) 273 641 .( 082 , 0 . 8

V
x
P
(atm)
0,25
0,25
0,25
Cu II 2,75
1/
1,25
HCl H
+
+ Cl; HNO
3
H
+
+ NO
3
-
.
n
y
= 0,15 (mol)
33 , 13
15 , 0
2
< Y M
=> Trong hn hp Y co khi H
2
va khi con lai la oxit cua nit
- Theo bai ra khi trn 3,36 lit khi Y vi 1 lit khi oxi thu c 3,688 lit hn
hp 3 khi (3,688 < 1+3,36) => oxit cua nit trong hn hp Y phai phan ng
vi oxi iu kin thng => oxit la NO.

) ( 045 , 0
4 , 22
1
2
mol n
O

PT: 2NO + O
2
2NO
2
2x x 2x (mol) (x>0)
=> giam s mol hn hp khi la s mol cua khi oxi phan ng:
045 , 0 ) ( 03 , 0
4 , 22
688 , 3 36 , 3 1
2
<
+
mol x n
pw
O =>oxi d, NO ht
=>
) ( 06 , 0 mol n
NO

=>
) ( 09 , 0 06 , 0 15 , 0
2
mol n
H

Ta co PTP khi cho Al va dung dich hai axit la:
Al + 4H
+
+ NO
3
-
Al
3+
+ NO+2H
2
O
0,06 0,06(mol)
2Al + 6H
+
2Al
3+
+3H
2

0,06 0,09(mol)
=> m
Al
= 27.(0,06+0,06)=3,24(g)
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
2/
1,5
a) Goi x, y ln lt la s mol Fe(NO
3
)
2
, FeCO
3
trong 38,6 g hn hp u
(x,y>0) => 180x + 116y = 38,6 (1
*
)
Ptp:
4Fe(NO
3
)
2

o
t
2Fe
2
O
3
+ 8NO
2
+ O
2

x x/2 2x x/4 (mol)
4FeCO
3
+ O
2

o
t
2Fe
2
O
3
+ 4CO
2

y y/4 y/2 y (mol)
San phm co 3 khi:

'

) (
4 4
:
) ( 2 :
) ( :
2
2
2
mo l
y x
O
mo l x NO
mo l y CO
=>
4 , 22
24 , 9
4 4
2 + +
y x
x y
3x+y = 0,55 (2
*
)
T (1
*
) (2
*
) ta co: x=0,15; y= 0,1 (mol)
=>
) ( 27 180 . 15 , 0
2 3
) (
g m
NO Fe

;
) ( 6 , 11 116 . 1 , 0
3
g m
FeCO

0,25
0,25
0,25
b) cht rn la Fe
2
O
3
: x/2 + y/2 =0,125 (mol)
Fe
2
O
3
+ 3CO
o
t
2Fe + 3CO
2

0,125 0,25 (mol)
Fe + 2HBr FeBr
2
+ H
2

0,25 0,25 (mol)
2FeBr
2
+ 6 H
2
SO
4

o
t
Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ 2Br
2
+ 3SO
2
+ 6H
2
O
0,25 0,375 (mol)
=> V= 0,375. 22,4 = 8,4 (l)
0,25
0,25
0,25
Cu III 3,25
1/
0,5
a) Trong vo nguyn t cua nguyn t R electron phn b vao cac phn lp s
theo th t la: 1s
2
; 2s
2
; 3s
2
; 4s
1

=> Cac cu hinh electron thoa man la
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
1
=> Z = 19 R la Kali
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
4s
1
=> Z = 24 R la Crom
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
10
4s
1
=> Z = 29 R la ng
0,25
0,25
1,5 b) Vi oxit cua Cu tac dung vi dung di ch axit sunfuric c nong tao ra khi SO
2
do o la ng (I) oxit (Cu
2
O)
) ( 025 , 0
2
mol n
SO

Cu
2
O + 2H
2
SO
4

o
t
2CuSO
4
+ SO
2
+ 2H
2
O
0,025 0,025 (mol)
=> m=144.0,025=3,6 (g)
5SO
2
+ 2KMnO
4
+ 2H
2
O 2H
2
SO
4
+ K
2
SO
4
+ 2MnSO
4

0,025 0,01 0,01 (mol)
Nng mol/l cua dung dich KMnO
4
la 0,005 (M)
Phng trinh in li cua axit sunfuric: ([H
2
SO
4
]=0,005M)
H
2
SO
4

H
+
+ HSO
4
-

0,005 0,005 0,005(M)
HSO
4
-
H
+
+ SO
4
2-

C :0,005 0,005 0 (M)
[ ]: 0,005 - x 0,005+x x (M)
=>
2
10
005 , 0
). 005 , 0 (

+
x
x x
=>

01 , 0
10 . 81 , 2
3
x
x

=> [H
+
]=0,005+2,78.10
-3
=7,81.10
-3
(M) => pH=2,1
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
2/
1,25
Goi M, M

ln lt la khi lng mol nguyn t cua hai phi kim X va Y.

Theo bai ra ta co h PT

'

+
+
+ + + +
+ + + +
) 3 ( 25 , 1
16
48
) 2 )( ( 32 ) 16 ( ) 16 (
) 1 )( ( 40 ) 16 ( ) 16 (
'
'
m M
M
b a m M a n M b
b a m M b n M a
0,5
- Cng (1) va (2) ta co: (a + b)(M +16n) + (a+b)(M +16m) = 72(a+b)
=> M+ 8n +8m = 36 (4)
- Ly (1) tr (2) ta co: 16na - 16nb + 16mb - 16ma = 8(a+b)
=>
) ( 2 b a
b a
m n

+

(5)
Ca ch 1: vi a < b => a b < 0, va t (5) => n m < 0 => n < m
=> 1 n < m < 3 => n = 1 va m = 2
=>
1
) ( 2

+
b a
b a
=>
3
1

b
a
Thay m = 2 vao (3) ta co M

= 32
Thay n = 1 va m = 2 vao (4) ta co M = 12
Ca ch 2:
T (3) ta co: M

=192-80m
m 1 2
M

112 32
Kt lun loai S
Thay m = 2 vao (4) ta co: M = 20 - 8n
n 1 2
M 12 4
Kt lun C loai
b) Vy nguyn t X la C, Y la S, cac oxit la: CO, CO
2
,SO
2
, SO
3
.
0,25
0,25
0,25
Cu IV 4,75
1/
1
a)
b) C ch phan ng tao ra 2-clo-3metylbutan
B c khi mao Cl Cl
a s C l ,
2

Cl +

Cl
+
Cl +HCl
Cl Cl +

Cl
0,5
0,5
+

Cl

Cl +

Cl Cl
2

+
2/ a)
CH
3
CH
2
OHCH
3
COOHCH
3
COONaCH
4
C
2
H
2
CH
3
CHOCH
3
CH
2
OH
X
1
X
2
X
3
X
4
X
5
X
6
X
1

CH
3
ClCH
3
OHCH
3
OCH
3

X
7
X
8
X
9

2,25
b)
(A
1
)
o
t C l ,
2
(A
2
)
+
o
t KMnO ,
4
(A
3
)
+ , , Pcao t KOH
o
(A
4
)

H C l
(A
5
)
+ O CO CH
2 3
) (
(A
6
)
1,5
Cu V 3
CH
3
CH CH
2
CH
3
+ Cl
2
CH
3
CH
3
CH
2
Cl CH CH
2
CH
3
+HCl
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
Cl
CH
3
CCl CH
2
CH
3
+HCl
CH
3
CH CHCl CH
3
+HCl
CH
3
CH CH
2
CH
2
Cl +HCl
CH
3
bt Fe
COOK
Cl
COOK
OK
COOH
OH
COOH
OOCCH
3
CH
3
CH CH
2
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH H

CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH H

CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH H

CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH CHCl CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH CHCl CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH H

CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH H

CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CHCH-CH-CH-CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
1/
1,75
n
NaOH
=0,36 (mol); n
HCl
= 0,12 (mol)
PT: NaOH + HCl NaCl + H
2
O
0,12 0,12 0,12 (mol) m
NaCl
=0,12.58,5=7,02 (g)
- Phn 1: Chng ct thu c s mol ancol la: 0,18 (mol)
- Phn 2: C can thu c 2 mui khan trong o co NaCl: 7,02/2=3,51(g) do
o khi lng mui con lai la 13,35-3,51=9,84(g)
=> Trong hn hp A gm: + Mt axit (RCOOH) va mt este (RCOOR

) TH
1
+ Mt axit (RCOOH) va mt ancol (R

OH) TH
2
+Mt este (RCOOR

) va mt ancol (R

OH) TH
3

RCOOH + NaOH RCOONa + H
2
O (1)
RCOOR

+ NaOH RCOONa + R

OH (2)
Nhn xet:
- s mol ancol trong dung di ch B la 0,18.2 = 0,36 (mol)
- S mol NaOH phan ng vi hn hp A la: 0,36 - 0,12 = 0,24 < 0,36 => hn
hp A phai co ancol la TH
2
hoc TH
3
.
Ta co n
RCOONa(P2)
=
2
1
n
NaOHp
= 0,12 (mol) => R + 67= 9,84/0,12=82
=> R=15 la CH
3

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
TH
2
Mt axit (CH
3
COOH) va mt ancol (R

OH)

) ( 24 , 0
3
mol n n
NaOH COOH CH

;
) ( 36 , 0
'
mol n
OH R

=> 60.0,24 + (R

+ 17).0,36=25,92
=> R

=15 la CH
3
=> ancol trong A la CH
3
OH
TH
3
Mt este (CH
3
COOR

) va mt ancol (R

OH)
Ta co:
) ( 24 , 0
) 2 (
' '
3
mol n n n
OH R
NaOH
COOR CH

=>
) ( 12 , 0 24 , 0 36 , 0
'
mol n
OHb R

=> 0,24 .(59+ R

)+ 0,12.( R

+17) = 25,92 => R

=27 (khng thoa man la ancol)

Phng trinh hoa hoc
CH
3
COOH + NaOH CH
3
COONa + H
2
O
0,25
0,25
2/
1,25
a) t CTPT cu a X la C
x
H
y
O
z
: x, y, z > 0 y 2x + 2
%H = 5,26 (%)
Ta co :
x : y : z =
3 : 8 : 8 97375 , 1 : 26 , 5 : 26 , 5
16
58 , 31
:
1
26 , 5
:
12
16 , 63

=> CTGN : C
8
H
8
O
3
=> CTPT la (C
8
H
8
O
3
)
n
=> 152n = 152 => n = 1
0,25
0,25
b) CTCT
0,75
Cu VI 3,75
1/
1,25
t CTPT cua cacbohirat X la C
x
H
y
O
z
: x,y,z > 0 y 2x+2 ; ho c : C
n
(H
2
O)
m
C
x
H
y
O
z
+
)
2 4
(
z y
x +
O
2
xCO
2
+
2
y
H
2
O (1)
CO
2
+ Ca(OH)
2
CaCO
3
+ H
2
O(2)
2CO
2
+ Ca(OH)
2
Ca(HCO
3
)
2
(3)
Ca(HCO
3
)
2
+ Ba(OH)
2
CaCO
3
+ BaCO
3
+ H
2
O (4)
Ta co:
) ( 16 , 0
) 2 (
3
mol n
CaCO

) ( 1 , 0
197 100
7 , 29
) 4 ( ) 4 (
3 3
mol n n
BaCO CaCO

+

Theo LBTNT:
) ( 36 , 0 16 , 0 2 . 1 , 0
2
mol n n
CO C
+
Goi a, b ln lt la s mol H va O trong 10,08 g cacbohirat

'

3 6 , 0 . 1 2 0 8 , 1 0 1 6
2
b a
b a
<=> a = 0,64; b = 0,32 (mol)
Ta co x : y : z = 0,36 : 0,64 : 0,32 = 9 : 16 : 8
=> CTGN : C
9
H
16
O
8
=> CTPT la (C
9
H
16
O
8
)
n

=> 252 < 252n < 756 => 1 < n < 3
=> n = 2 => CTPT la C
18
H
32
O
16

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
2/
1,25
(P)
0,5
CHO
OCH
3
HO
OCH
3
CHO
HO
OH
CHO CH
3
O
CH
2
CH
2
NH
2

CH
3
CH NH
2

NH2
(Q) (E)
PTP
+ HNO
2
+ N
2
+H
2
O

+ HNO
2
+ N
2
+H
2
O

,
4 2
SO H
+H
2
O

,
4 2
SO H
+H
2
O
3C
6
H
5
CH=CH
2
+10KMnO
4

o
t
3C
6
H
5
COOK+10MnO
2
+KOH+3K
2
CO
3
+ 4H
2
O
0,25
0,25
0,25
3/
1,25
a) n
kk
=0,6875(mol) trong o co 0,1375 mol oxi va 0,55 mol khi nit
t CTPT cua A la C
x
H
y
O
z
N
t
: x, y, t > 0 ; z 0 y 2x + 2 + t
C
x
H
y
O
z
N
t
+
)
2 4
(
z y
x +
O
2
xCO
2
+
2
y
H
2
O +
2
t
N
2
(1)
CO
2
+ Ca(OH)
2
CaCO
3
+ H
2
O (2)
0,1 0,1(mol)
n
C
= 0,1 (mol)
55 , 7
2 2
+
O H CO
m m
=>
) ( 15 , 3 1 , 0 . 44 55 , 7
2
g m
O H

=>
) ( 175 , 0
2
mol n
O H

=> n
H
= 0,35 (mol)
) ( 575 , 0
2
mol n
Sau N

=>
) ( 025 , 0
) 1 (
2
mol n
N

=> n
N
= 0,05 (mol)
Theo LBTNT oxi: n
O(A)
= 0,1 . 2 + 0,175 - 0,1375 . 2 = 0,1(mol)
m = 0,1 . 12 + 0,35 . 1 + 0,1 . 16 + 0,05 . 14 = 3,85 (g)
b) Ta co x : y : z = 0,1 : 0,35 : 0,1: 0,05 = 2 : 7 : 2 : 1
=> CTGN : C
2
H
7
O
2
N => CTPT la (C
2
H
7
O
2
N)
n
=> 77n < 150 => n < 1,94
=> n = 1 => CTPT la C
2
H
7
O
2
N
CTCT: HCOONH
3
CH
3
(metylamoni fomat)
HCOOH + NH
2
CH
3
HCOONH
3
CH
3
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
CH
2
CH
2
OH CH
3
CH OH CH=CH
2
CH
2
-CH
2
-NH
2

CH
2
CH
2
-OH
CH
3
CH NH
2

NH2
CH
3
CH OH
CH
2
CH
2
-OH CH=CH
2
CH
3
CH OH CH=CH
2