Luong Tu.15172

Gv: Nguyn Hng Khnh _ HKP
CHNG VI: LNG T NH SNG Di ng: 09166.01248

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Gio Dc Hng Phc - Ni Khi u c M!

Trang 1
CHNG VI: LNG T NH SNG
BI 1: HIN TNG QUANG IN NGOI

I. PHNG PHP
1. NH NGHA HIN TNG QUANG IN NGOI
1.1. Th nghin hin tng quang in ngoi

n h quang n h quang
e
n h quang
e

H1. C tm thy
tinh
H2. Khng c tm thy tinh
a b

1..2. Nhn xt:

hnh 1: Ta t tm thy tinh trc n h quang, thy khng c hin tng g sy ra vi hai tm km tch in m
hnh 2: Khi b tm thy tinh trong sut ra mt lc sau thy hai l km tch in m b cp xung. Chng t in tch m ca l
km b gii phng ra ngoi.
Th nghim s 2 gi l th nghim v hin tng quang in
1.3. nh ngha v hin tng quang in ngoi
Hin tng khi chiu nh sng vo tm kim loi lm cc electron bt ra ngoi gi l hin tng quang in ngoi. ( Hin tng
quang in)
2. CC NH LUT QUANG IN
2.1. nh lut 1: ( nh lut v gii hn quang in)
Hin tng quang in ch xy ra khi nh sng kch thch chiu vo tm kim loi c bc sng nh hn hoc bng bc sng

0
.

0
c gi l gii hn quang in ca kim loi . (

0
)
2.2. nh lut 2: (nh lut v cng dng quang in bo ha)
i vi mi nh sng kch thch c (

0
), cng dng quang in bo ha t l vi cng ca chm sng kch thch.
2.3. nh lut 3: ( nh lut v ng nng cc i ca quang electron)
ng nng ban u cc i ca quang electron khng ph thuc cng ca chm kich thch, m ch ph thuc bc sng nh
sng kch thch v bn cht kim loi.
c tuyn trn th hin mi quan h gia hiu in th U

AK
v cng
dng quan in bo ha.
- Khi U

AK
< - U

h
th dng quan in bo ha b trit tiu hon ton (
I = 0). S d nh vy v v: electron b bt ra t catot, vi tc
ban u v

omax
v ng nng ban u W

dmax
, chu tc dng ca lc
in trng hng v catot ( do U

h
gy ra) lc ny ngn khng cho
eletron ti anot gy ra dng quang in.
- Khi U

AK
= 0 vn c dng quang in v, electron c vn tc ban
ban u to ra s dch chuyn c hng ca cc ht mang in c
dng in.
- Hiu in th U

AK
tng dn, lm cho dng quang in tng dn,
nhng khi tng n gi tr U

1
th khi tng tip U

AK
cng khng
lm cho dng quang in tngthm( I = I

bh
). Gi tr I

bh
gi l dng
quang in bo ha.
- ng s (1) v (2) th hin dng quang in ca hai nh sng
khc nhau, c cng bc sng, nhng cng ca chm sng to ra
dng quang in (2) ln hn dng cng ca chm sng to ra
dng quang in (1).

I
U
I

bh1
I

bh2
U

1
0 - U

h
1
2
c tuyn vn - ampe k ca t bo quang in

3. LNG TNH SNG HT CA SNG IN T
Sng in t va mang tnh cht sng va mang tnh cht ht.
- Vi sng c bc sng cng ln th tnh cht sng th hin cng r ( cc hin tng nh giao thoa, khc x, tn sc)
- Vi cc sng c bc sng cng nh th tnh cht ht th hin cng r ( cc hin tng nh quang in, kh nng m xuyn)
4. THUYT LNG T NH SNG



Trang 2
nh sng c to bi cc ht gi l phton( cc lng t nh sng) . Mi ph tn c nng lng xc nh c = h.f. ( f l tn s
ca sng nh sngn sc tng ng). Cng ca chm sng t l vi s ph tn pht ra trong 1 giy.
Phn t, nguyn t, eletron pht ra hay hp th nh sng, cng c ngha l chng pht x hay hp th ph tn.
Cc ph tn bay dc theo tia sng vi tc c = 3.10
8

m/s trong chn khng.
5. CC CNG THC QUANG IN C BN
Ct1: Cng thc xc nh nng lng ph tn: c = h f =
hc

Ct2: Cng thc anh tanh v hin tng quang in ngoi

hc
= A

0
+
1
2
mv
2

o
hoc
hc
=
hc

0
+
1
2
mv
2

o
( W

dmax
=
1
2
mv
2

o
= e. |U

h
| )
Ct3: Cng sut ca ngun sng- hoc cng sut chiu sng: P = n

.c = n

.hf = n

hc
. n

=
P
hc

Ct4: Cng dng quang in bo ha: I

bh
= n

e
.e =
N
t
e n

e
=
I

bh
e

Ct5: Hiu sut pht quang: H =
n

e
n

. 100% =
I.hc
e.P.
.100%
Gii thch v k hiu:
- : Nng lng photon ( J)
- h: Hng s plank h= 6,625.10
-34

j.s.
- c: Vn tc nh sng trong chn khng. c = 3.10
8

m/s.
- f : Tn s ca nh sng kch thch ( Hz)
- : Bc sng kch thch ( m)
-

0
: Gii hn quang in ( m)
- m : Khi lng e. m

e
= 9,1. 10
-31

kg
- v : Vn tc e quang in ( m/s)
- W

dmax
: ng nng cc i ca e quang in ( J)
- U

h
: Hiu in th hm, gi tr hiu in th m cc e quang in khng th bt ra ngoi
- P: Cng sut ca ngun kch thch ( J)
- n

: s ph tn p ti ca tt trong 1s
- n

e
: S e bt ra khi catot trong 1 s
- e : in tch nguyn t |e| = 1,6. 10
-19

C
- H : Hiu sut lng t. ( %).
- 1 MeV = 1,6. 10
-13

J; 1 eV = 1,6. 10
-19

J.

nh l ng nng:
W

d
= W

do
+ Uq ( nu U

Ak
>0)
W

d
= W

do
- |U|q ( nu U

Ak
< 0)

trit tiu dng quang in th khng cn e quang in tr v Anot. Cng
c ngha l W

d
= 0 hoc e b ht ngc tr li catot.
|U|.q W

do
=
1
2
m.v

o
2

+
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
-
W

do
W

d

U
e
K

6. MT S BI TON CN CH
Bi ton 1: Bi ton xc nh bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng

F

lorenxo
= qvB = m.
v
2

R
= F

hng tm

R =
m.v
qB

Bi ton 2: Bi ton xc nh in tch ca qu cu kim loi
t trong khng kh khi b chiu sng hin tng quang
in ngoi sy ra:

Cng thc Gauxo ta c: E.S =
q
c.c

o

R



Trang 3
Trong :
E in trng trng to ra ca qu cu
S l din tch mt cu
q l in tch ca qu cu
c =
1
4tk

c

o
hng s in mi

Trong khng kh: c

o
= 1.

U

h
R
.4t.R
2

= q.4t.k
q =
U

h
.R
k

Bi ton 3: Bi ton xc nh bn knh cc i ca e quang in khi n anot:

R = V

o
.t
d =
at
2

2

Vi a =
q.E
m
=
q.U
m.d
d =
q.U.t
2

2m.d
t =
2md
2

q.U

m V

o
2

2
= q.|U

h
| V

o
=
2.q.|U

h
|
m

R =
2m.d
2

.2.q.|U

h
|
q.U.m
= 2d
U

h
U

++
++
++
+
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
d
R

II.BI TP MU

V d 1: Mt ngn n ra pha nh sng mu c bc sng = 0,7 m. Vi h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s. Hy xc nh nng
lng ca pho ton nh sng.
A. 1,77 MeV B. 2,84 MeV C. 1,77 eV D. 2,84 eV

Hng dn:
[ ]
p n C
Ta c: c =
hc
=
6,625.10
-34

. 3.10
8

0,7.10
-6

= 2,84.10
-19

J = 1,77 eV
V d 2: Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng vi cng sut P = 2W, bc sng ca nh sng = 0,7 m. Vi h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c =
3.10
8

m/s. Xc nh s ph tn n pht ra trong 1s.
A. 7,04.10
18

ht B. 5,07.10
20

ht C. 7.10
19

ht D. 7.10
21

ht
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n A
Ta c: P = n

.
hc
=
P.
hc
=
2. 0,7.10
-6

6,625.10
-34

.3.10
8

= 7,04.10
18

ht.
V d 3: Mt tm kim loi c gii hn quang in

o
= 0,6 m, c chiu sng bi bc x n sc c bc sng = 0,7 m. Hy
xc nh vn tc cc i ca e quang in.
A. 3,82.10
6

m/s B. 4,57.10
5

m/s C. 5,73.10 4m/s D. Ht quang in Khng sy ra.
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n D
V >

o
hin tng quang in khng sy ra.


o
= 0,6 m, c chiu sng bi bc x n sc c bc sng = 0,5 m. Hy
xc nh vn tc cc i ca e quang in.
A. 3,82.10
5

m/s B. 4,57.10
5

m/s C. 5,73.10 4m/s D. Ht quang in Khng sy ra
Hng dn:
[ ] p n A
p dng cng thc Anhtanh ta c:
hc
=
hc

o
+
1
2
m. V

o
2

hc(
1
-
1

o
) =
1
2
m. V

o
2

V

o
=
2hc
m
(
1
-
1

o
)



Trang 4
= 2.
6,625.10
-34

.3.10
8

9,1.10
-31

. (
1
0,5.10
-6

-
1
0,6.10
-6

) = 3,82.10
5

m/s

V d 5: Chiu bc x c bc sng ph hp vo mt tm kim loi, th hin tng quang in xy ra. Ngi ta o c cng
dng quang in bo ha l I = 2mA. Hy xc nh s e quang in pht ra trong mt giy? Cho e = 1,6.10
-19

C.
A. 1,25.10
16

ht B. 2.10
16

ht C. 2,15.10
16

ht D. 3.10
15

ht
Hng dn:
[ ] p n A
Ta c: I = n

e
.e n

e
=
I
e
=
2.10
-3

1.6.10
-19

= 1,25.10
16

ht


o
= 0,6 m, c chiu sng bi 2 bc x n sc c bc sng

1
= 0,5 m
v

2
= 0,55 m . Hy xc nh vn tc cc i ca e quang in.
A. 3,82.10
5

m/s B. 4,57.10
5

m/s C. 5,73.10 4m/s D. Ht quang in Khng sy ra
Hng dn:
[ ] p n A
Khi tm kim loi b chiu sng bi 2 hay nhiu bc x khc nhau th khi tnh v

max
hoc |U

h
| ln nht theo bc x c nng lng ln
nht( tc l c bc sng nh nht).

V

1
<

2
, Nn khi tnh V

max
ta tnh theo

1
.
p dng cng thc Anhtanh ta c:
hc
=
hc

o
+
1
2
m. V

o
hc(
1
-
1

o
) =
1
2
m. V

o
2

V

o
=
2hc
m
(
1
-
1

o
)
= 2.
6,625.10
-34

.3.10
8

9,1.10
-31

. (
1
0,5.10
-6

-
1
0,6.10
-6

) = 3,82.10
5

m/s
V d 7 : Chiu vo catot ca mt t bo quang in cc bc x c bc sng = 400nm v

1
= 0,25m th thy vn tc ban u cc
i ca electron quang in gp i nhau. Xc nh cng thot eletron ca kim loi lm catot. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js v c = 3.10
8
m/s.
A. A = 3, 9750.10
-19
J. B. A = 1,9875.10
-19
J. C. A = 5,9625.10
-19
J. D. A = 2,385.10
-18
J
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n A
Gi v

1
l vn tc ban u cc i ca e quang in khi chiu

1
vo t bo quang in
v l vn tc ban u cc i ca e quang in khi chiu vo t bo quang in.
Theo :

1
< v

1
= 2v W

d1

max
= 4 W

d

max

Ta c h phng trnh sau:

hc
= A + W

d

max
(1)
hc

1
= A + 4 W

d1max
(2)
T (1) W

dmax
=
hc
- A (3)
Thay (3) vo (2):

hc

1
= A + 4
(
hc
- A

4hc
-
hc

1
= 3A
A =
1
3
hc
(
(
4
-
1

1

=
1
3
1,9875.10
-25

(
4
0,4.10
-6

-
1
0,25.10
-6

= 3,975.10
-19

J
V d 8 : Chiu ln lt cc bc x c tn s f, 3f, 5f vo catt ca t bo quang in th vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in
ln lt l v, 3v, kv. Gi tr k l
A.
34
B. 5 C.
17
D. 15
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n C
Theo bi ta c:
hf = A + W

d

max
(1)
3.hf = A + 9 W

d

max
(2)
Tr (2) cho (1) v theo v ta c:
2hf = 8 W

dmax
hf = 4W

dmax
(3)
Thay (3) vo (1) ta c: A = hf - W

dmax
= 3W

dmax
.

5hf = A + k
2

. W

dmax

5.4W

dmax
= 3 W

dmax
+ k
2

. W

dmax
k
2

= 17.



Trang 5
k = 17

V d 9: Catt ca t bo quang in chn khng l mt tm kim loi phng c gii hn quang in l

o
= 0,6 m . Chiu vo catt nh
sng c bc sng = 0,5 m. Ant cng l tm lim loi phng cch catt 1cm. Gia chng c mt hiu inth 10V. Tm bn knh ln
nht trn b mt ant c quang electron p ti.
A. R = 4,06 mm B. R = 4,06 cm C. R = 8,1 mm D. R = 6,2 cm
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n C

p dng cng thc: R = 4d
U

h
U

AK

Trong :
U

h
=
hc
|e|

(
1
-
1

o

=
1,9875.10
-25

1,6.10
-19

(
1
0,5.10
-6

-
1
0,6.10
-6

= 0,414 V
U

AK
= 10 V
d = 1 cm = 10
-2

m
R = 4.10
-2

0,414
10
= 8,1. 10
-3

m = 8,1 mm.

III. BI TP THC HNH

Cu 1: Chn cu ng :
A: Hin tng giao thoa d quan st i vi nh sng c bc sng ngn .
B: Hin tng quang in chng t tnh cht sng ca nh sng .
C: Nhng sng in t c tn s cng ln th tnh cht sng th hin cng r .
D: Sng in t c bc sng ln th nng lng ph tn nh .
Cu 2: Khi chiu sng in t xung b mt tm kim loi, hin tng quang in xy ra nu :
A: sng in t c nhit cao B: sng in t c bc sng thch hp
C: sng in t c cng ln D: sng in t phi l nh sng nhn thy c
Cu 3: Cng thc lin h gia gii hn quang in
0
, cng thot A, hng s Planck h v vn tc nh sng c l :
A:
0
=
c
hA
B:
0
=
hc
A
C:
0
=
hA
c
D:
0
=
A
hc

Cu 4: Gii hn quang in ca mi kim loi l :
A: Bc sng di nht ca bc x chiu vo kim loi gy ra c hin tng quang in
B: Bc sng ngn nht ca bc x chiu vo kim loi gy ra c hin tng quang in
C: Cng nh nht dng bt electron ra khi kim loi
D: Cng ln nht dng bt electron ra khi kim loi
Cu 5: Hin tng kim loi b nhim in dng khi c chiu sng thch hp l :
A: Hin tng quang in. B: Hin tng quang dn.
C: Hin tng tn sc nh sng. D: Hin tng giao thoa nh sng.
Cu 6: Chn cu ng. Nu chiu mt chm tia hng ngoi vo tm km tch in m, th :
A: Tm km mt dn in tch dng. B: Tm km mt dn in tch m.
C: Tm km tr nn trung ho v in. D: in tch m ca tm km khng i
Cu 7: Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v hin tng quang in ?
A: L hin tng lectron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi khi c nh sng thch hp chiu vo n
B: L hin tng lectron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi khi tm kim loi b nung nng.
C: L hin tng lectron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi b nhim in do tip xc vi mt vt nhim in khc
D: L hin tng electron b bt ra khi kim loi khi t tm kim loi vo trong mt in trng mnh.
Cu 8: Chn cu ng. Theo thuyt phtn ca Anh-xtanh, th nng lng :
A: ca mi phtn u bng nhau. B: ca mt phtn bng mt lng t nng lng
C: gim dn khi phtn ra xa dn ngun sng. D: ca phton khng ph thuc vo bc sng.
Cu 9: Vi
1
,
2
,
3
ln lt l nng lng ca phtn ng vi cc bc x mu vng, bc x t ngoi v bc x hng ngoi th
A:
3
>
1
>
2
B:
2
>
1
>
3
C:
1
>
2
>
3
D:
2
>
3
>
1

Cu 10: Kim loi Kali (K) c gii hn quang in l 0,55 m. Hin tng quang in khng xy ra khi chiu vo kim loi bc x
nm trong vng:
A: nh sng mu tm. B: nh sng mu lam. C: hng ngoi. D: t ngoi.
Cu 11: Nu quan nim nh sng ch c tnh cht sng th khng th gii thch c hin tng no di y?
A: Khc x nh sng. B: Giao thoa nh sng. C: Quang in. D: Phn x nh sng.



Trang 6
Cu 12: Trong th nghim Hcx, nu chiu nh sng tm vo l nhm tch in m ( gii hn quang in ca nhm nm trong vng
t ngoi) th
A: in tch m ca l nhm mt i B: tm nhm s trung ha v in
C: in tch ca tm nhm khng thay i. D: tm nhm tch in dng
Cu 13: Chiu bc x c tn s f n mt tm kim loi .Ta k hiu
o
o
c
f
= ,
o
l bc sng gii hn ca kim loi .Hin tng
quang in xy ra khi :
A: f > f
o
. B: f < f
o
C: f > 0 D: f s f
o

Cu 14: Nu chn chm nh sng h quang bng mt tm thy tinh dy (mt cht hp th mnh nh sng t ngoi) th hin tng
quang in khng xy ra iu chng t:
A: Hin tng quang in ch xy ra khi cng ca chm nh sng kch thch ln.
B: Hin tng quang in ch xy ra i vi nh sng nhn thy.
C: Hin tng quang in ch xy ra i vi tia hng ngoi.
D: Hin tng quang in ch xy ra i vi tia t ngoi.
Cu 15: Trong cc trng hp sau y, lectrn no c gi l lectrn quang in?
A: lectrn trong dy dn in.
B: lectrn chuyn t tm kim loi ny sang tm kim loi khc khi 2 tm c xt.
C: lectrn bt ra t catt ca t bo quang in.
D: lectrn to ra trong cht bn dn n.
Cu 16: Chm tia bc x no sau y gy ra hin tng quang in cho hu ht cc kim loi?
A: chm tia Rn ghen. B: chm tia t ngoi.
C: chm nh sng nhn thy. D: chm tia hng ngoi.
Cu 17: Tm pht biu sai v th nghim vi t bo quang in?
A: ng c trng vn ampe ca t bo quang in cho thy, khi U
AK
c gi tr cn nh m tng th dng quang in cng
tng.
B: Khi U
AK
t n mt gi tr no th cng dng quang in t n gi tr bo ha I
bh
.
C: Gi tr cng dng quang in bo ha t l thun vi cng chm sng chiu vo t bo quang in.
D: Khi U
AK
s 0 th dng quang in trit tiu v cc lectrn quang in khi khng v c ant to nn dng quang in.
Cu 18: Chn cu sai khi ni n nhng kt qu rt ra t th nghim vi t bo quang in?
A: Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca t bo quang in lun c du m khi dng quang in trit tiu.
B: Dng quang in vn tn ti ngay c khi hiu in th gia ant v catt ca t bo quang in c gi tr bng khng.
C: Cng dng quang in bo ha khng ph thuc vo cng chm sng kch thch.
D: Gi tr ca hiu in th hm ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
Cu 19: Tm pht biu sai v c tuyn vn ampe ca t bo quang in?
A: U
AK
bng 0 ta vn c dng quang in I
0
khc 0. iu chng t cc lectrn bt ra t kim loi lm catt c mt ng nng
ban u.
B: U
AK
< - U
h
< 0 th cng dng quang in bng 0 chng t rng in p ngc mnh ko mi lectrn quang
in tr li catt d chng c ng nng ban u.
C: Khi U
AK
ln (U
AK
> U
1
) dng quang in t bo ha. Gi tr cng dng quang in bo ha ch ph thuc vo tn s
ca bc x chiu n m khng ph thuc vo cng chm sng mnh hay yu.
D: Thc nghim chng t rng gi tr cng dng quang in bo ha t l thun vi cng chm nh sng chiu vo t
bo quang in.
Cu 20: Mt chm sng n sc chiu n mt tm kim loi gy ra hin tng quang in. Gi cho cng nh sng khng thay
i, mi quan h gia s lectrn pht ra trong mt n v thi gian v thi gian chiu sng c biu din bng th dng no?
A: ng thng song song trc thi gian B: ng thng i qua gc ta .
C: ng parabol. D: ng cong i qua gc ta .
Cu 21: Tm pht biu sai v cc nh lut quang in?
A: i vi mi kim loi dng lm catt c mt bc sng gii hn nht nh gi l gii hn quang in.
B: Vi nh sng kch thch thch hp, cng dng quang in bo ha t l thun vi cng ca chm sng kch thch.
C: Hin tng quang in ch xy ra khi tn s ca nh sng kch thch nh hn tn s gii hn ca kim loi.
D: ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in khng ph thuc vo cng ca chm sng kch thch m ch ph
thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch v bn cht ca kim loi lm catt.
Cu 22: Mt chm sng n sc tc dng ln b mt mt kim loi lm bt cc lectrn ra khi kim loi ny. Nu tng cng
chm sng ln 3 ln th
A: ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in tng 3 ln.
B: ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in tng 9 ln.
C: cng thot ca lectrn quang in gim 3 ln.
D: s lng lectrn thot ra khi tm kim loi mi giy tng 3 ln.
Cu 23: Gii hn quang in l
A: bc sng nh nht ca nh sng kch thch hin tng quang in c th xy ra
B: bc sng di nht ca nh sng kch thch hin tng quang in c th xy ra
C: cng cc i ca nh sng kch thch hin tng quang in c th xy ra
D: cng cc tiu ca chm nh sng kch thch hin tng quang in c th xy ra
Cu 24: Tm pht biu sai v cc nh lut quang in?



Trang 7
A: Hin tng quang in ch xy ra khi nh sng kch thch chiu vo kim loi c bc sng nh hn hoc bng bc sng
0

gi l gii hn quang in ca kim loi : s
0.
B: Cc kim loi kim v mt vi kim loi kim th, c gii hn quang in
0
trong min nh sng nhn thy.
C: Cc kim loi thng dng c gii hn quang in trong min hng ngoi.
D: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn ph thuc vo bn cht ca kim loi dng lm catt.
Cu 25: Khi chiu nh sng c bc sng <
0
vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th dng quang in bng khng khi U
AK
= - U
h

< 0. Nu chiu nh sng c bc sng ' < vo catt trn, cng dng quang in vn bng khng th ln ca hiu in th
hm U
h
phi
A: khng cn thay i g. B: gim i. C: tng ln. D: ly gi tr bng khng.
Cu 26: Hiu in th hm
A: ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch v bn cht ca kim loi dng lm catt.
B: ph thuc vo cng ca chm sng kch thch.
C: t l vi cng ca chm sng kch thch.
D: ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
Cu 27: Kt lun no sau y l sai khi dng quang in bo ha xut hin?
A: Tt c cc lectrn bt ra trong mi giy u chy ht v ant.
B: Khng c lectrn no bt ra quay tr v catt.
C: C s cn bng gia s lectrn bay ra khi catt vi s lectrn b ht tr li catt.
D: Ngay c cc lectrn c vn tc ban u rt nh cng b ko v ant.
Cu 28: Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v cng dng quang in bo ha?
A: Cng dng quang in bo ha t l nghch vi cng chm sng kch thch.
B: Cng dng quang in bo ha khng ph thuc vo cng chm sng kch thch.
C: Cng dng quang in bo ha t l thun vi cng chm sng kch thch.
D: Cng dng quang in bo ha tng theo quy lut hm s m vi cng chm sng kch thch.
Cu 29: Cng dng quang in s bin i nh th no khi tng dn hiu in th gia ant v catt?
A: Cng dng quang in tng dn.
B: Cng dng quang in gim dn.
C: Cng dng quang in tng dn v khi U
AK
vt qua mt gi tr ti hn no th dng quang in gi gi tr khng i.
D: Cng dng quang in bin thin theo quy lut sin hay cosin theo thi gian.
Cu 30: Khi c dng quang in chy trong t bo quang in th nhn nh no sau y l sai?
A: Mt phn nng lng ca phtn dng thc hin cng thot lectrn.
B: Hiu in th hm lun c gi tr m.
C: Cng dng quang in khi cha bo ha ph thuc vo hiu in th gia ant v catt?
D: Cng dng quang in bo ha t l nghch vi cng ca chm sng kch thch.
Cu 31: ng nng ban u ca cc lectrn quang in s c gi tr cc i khi
A: cc lectrn quang in l cc lectrn nm ngay trn b mt tinh th kim loi.
B: cc lectrn quang in l cc lectrn nm su trong tinh th kim loi.
C: cc lectrn quang in l cc lectrn lin kt.
D: cc lectrn quang in l cc lectrn t do.
Cu 32: Khi hin tng quang in xy ra, nu gi nguyn bc sng nh sng kch thch v tng cng chm nh sng kch
thch th
A: ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn tng ln.
B: cng dng quang in bo ha tng ln.
C: hiu in th hm tng ln.
D: cc quang lectrn n ant vi vn tc ln hn.
Cu 33: Tm cng thc ng cho lin h gia ln hiu in th hm U
h
, ln ca in tch lectrn e, khi lng lectrn m v
vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in v
0
?
A: eU
h
= m.v
0
2
. B: 2eU
h
= m.v
0
2
. C: mU
h
= 2e.v
0
2
. D: mU
h
= e.v
0
2
.
Cu 34: Tm pht biu sai v gi thuyt lng t nng lng ca Planck?
A: Nng lng bc x m mi nguyn t pht ra hoc hp th khng th c gi tr lin tc bt k.
B: Nng lng c gi tr hon ton xc nh, bao gi cng l bi s nguyn ln ca mt nng lng nguyn t khng th chia
nh c na gi l lng t nng lng c.
C: Lng t nng lng c t l vi tn s f: c = hf vi hng s Planck h = 6,625.10
34
J/s.
D: Gi thuyt ca Planck c rt nhiu s kin thc nghim xc nhn l ng. Vn dng gi thuyt ny ngi ta gii thch
c tt c cc nh lut v bc x nhit.
Cu 35: Pht biu no sau y l khng ng?
A: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in ph thuc vo bn cht ca kim loi.
B: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in ph thuc bc sng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
C: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in ph thuc tn s ca chm nh sng kch thch.
D: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in ph thuc cng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
Cu 36: Chn cu ng.
A: Khi tng cng ca chm nh sng kch thch kn hai ln th cng dng quang in tng ln hai ln.
B: Khi tng bc sng ca chm nh sng kch thch ln hai ln th cng dng quang in tng ln hai ln.
C: Khi gim bc sng ca chm nh sng kch thch xung hai ln th cng dng quang in tng ln hai ln.



Trang 8
D: Khi nh sng kch thch gy ra c hin tng quang in. Nu gim bc sng ca chm bc x th ng nng ban u cc
i ca lectron quang in tng ln.
Cu 37: Theo quan im ca thuyt lng t pht biu no sau y l khng ng?
A: Chm nh sng l mt dng ht, mi ht l mt phtn mang nng lng.
B: Cng chm sng t l thun vi s phtn trong chm.
C: Khi nh sng truyn i cc phtn nh sng khng i, khng ph thuc khong cch n ngun sng.
D: Cc phtn c nng lng bng nhau v chng lan truyn vi vn tc bng nhau.
A: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in khng ph thuc vo cng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
B: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in ph thuc vo bn cht kim loi dng lm catt.
C: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in khng ph thuc vo bc sng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
D: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in ph thuc vo bc sng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
Cu 39: Chiu mt chm bc x n sc vo mt tm km c gii hn quang in 0,35 m . Hin tng quang in s khng xy ra
khi chm bc x c bc sng l
A: 0,1m B: 0,2m C: 0,3m D: 0,4m
Cu 40: Chiu mt chm bc x n sc vo catt ca t bo quang in trit tiu dng quang in th hiu in th hm c gi tr
tuyt i l 1,9V. Vn tc ban u cc i ca quang lectron l bao nhiu?
A: 5,2 . 10
5
m/s. B: 6,2 . 10
5
m/s. C: 7,2 . 10
5
m/s. D: 8,17 . 10
5
m/s.
Cu 41: Chiu mt chm nh sng n sc c bc sng 400 nm vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, c lm bng Na. Gii hn
quang in ca Na l 0,50 m . Vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in l
A: 3,28 . 10
5
m/s. B: 4,67 . 10
5
m/s. C: 5,45 . 10
5
m/s. D: 6,33 . 10
5
m/s.
Cu 42: Chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang in mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,330 m . trit tiu dng quang in
cn mt hiu in th hm c gi tr tuyt i l 1,38V. Cng thot ca kim loi dng lm catt l
A: 1,16 eV B: 1,94 eV C: 2,38 eV D: 2,72 eV
Cu 43: Chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang in mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,330m. trit tiu quang in cn
mt hiu in th hm c gi tr tuyt i l 1,38 V. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catt l
A: 0,521m B: 0,442m C: 0,440m D: 0,385m
Cu 44: Chiu mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,276m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th hiu in hm c gi tr tuyt
i bng 2 V. Cng thot ca kim loi dng lm catt l:
A: 2,5eV. B: 2,0eV. C: 1,5eV. D: 0,5eV.
Cu 45: Chiu mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,20m vo mt qa cu bng ng, t c lp v in. Gii hn quang in
ca ng l 0,30m. in th cc i m qu cu t c so vi t l:
A: 1,34 V. B: 2,07 V. C: 3,12 V. D:4,26 V.
Cu 46: Chiu mt chm bc x c bc sng = 0,18m. Vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi
dng lm catt l
0
= 0,3m. Hiu in th hm trit tiu dng quang in l
A: U
h
= -1,85 V B: U
h
= -2,76 V C: U
h
= -3,20 V D: U
h
= -4,25 V
Cu 47: Kim loi dng lm catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot l 2,2 eV. Chiu vo catt bc x in t c bc sng .
trit tiu dng quang in cn t mt hiu in th hm U
h
= U
KA
= 0,4 V. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catt l
A: 0,4342 . 10
6
m. B: 0,4824 . 10
6
m. C: 0,5236 . 10
6
m. D: 0,5646 . 10
6
m.
Cu 48: Kim loi dng lm catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot l 2,2 eV. Chiu vo catt bc x in t c bc sng .
trit tiu dng quang in cn t mt hu in th hm U
h
= U
KA
= 0,4 V. tn s ca bc x in t l
A: 3,75 . 10
14
Hz. B: 4,58 . 10
14
Hz. C: 5,83 . 10
14
Hz. D: 6,28 . 10
14
Hz.
Cu 49: Cng thot ca kim loi Na l 2,48 eV. Chiu mt chm bc x c bc sng 0,36m vo t bo quang in c catt lm
bng Na. Vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in l:
A: 5,84 . 10
5
m/s. B: 6,24 .10
5
m/s. C: 5,84 . 10
6
m/s. C: 6,24 .10
6
m/s.
Cu 50: Cng thot ca kim loi Na l 2,48 eV. Chiu mt chm bc x c bc sng 0,36m vo t bo quang in c catt lm
bng Na th cng dng quang in bo ho l 3A. S lectron b bt ra khi catt trong mi giy l
A: 1,875 . 10
13
B: 2,544 .10
13
C: 3,263 . 10
12
D: 4,827 .10
12

Cu 51: Kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot A= 3,45eV. Khi chiu vo 4 bc x in t c
1
= 0,25 m,
2
= 0,4
m,
3
= 0,56 m,
4
= 0,2 m th bc x no xy ra hin tng quang in
A:
3,

2
B:
1,

4
. C:
1,
2,
4
D: c 4 bc x trn
Cu 52: Mt kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot l A = 3,5eV. Chiu vo catt bc x c bc sng no sau y
th gy ra hin tng quang in. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s
A: = 3,35 m B: = 0,355.10
- 7
m. C: = 35,5 m D: = 0,355 m
Cu 53: Nng lng photn ca mt bc x l 3,3.10
-19
J .Cho h = 6,6.10
-34
Js .Tn s ca bc x bng
A: 5.10
16
Hz B: 6.10
16
Hz C: 5.10
14
Hz D: 6.10
14
Hz
Cu 54: Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng n sc c bc sng = 0,6m. Cng sut n l P = 10W. bit h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c =
3.10
8

m/s; s ph tn m ngn n pht ra trong 10s l:
A: N = 3.10
20

B: N = 5.10
15

C: N = 6.10
18

D: N = 2. 10
22

Cu 55: Cng dng quang in bo ha trong t bo quang in l I = 0,5mA. Bit e = 1,6.10
-19

C; S electron n c anot
trong mi pht l?
A: N = 3,125.10
15

B: N = 5,64.10
18

C: N = 2,358.10
16

D: N = 1,875.10
17



Trang 9
Cu 56: Cng dng quang in bo ha l I = 0,32mA. Ly e = 1,6.10
-19

C. Bit rng ch c 80% s electron tch ra khi catot
c chuyn ng v anot. S electron tch ra khi catot trong thi gian 20s l?
A: N = 3,2.10
16

B: 6,8.10
15

C: N = 5.10
16

D: 2,4.10
17

Cu 57: Chiu mt bc x in t c bc sng = 0,5m vo mt b mt ca t bo quang in to ra dng bo ho I = 0,32A.
Cng sut bc x chiu vo catot l P = 1,5W. Bit h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s; e = 1,6.10
-19

C: Hiu sut lng t l?
A: H = 46% B: H = 53% C: H = 84% D: H = 67%
Cu 58: Gii hn quang in ca Xesi l 0,66m, chiu vo kim loi kim loi ny bc x in t c bc sng 0,5m. Ly h =
6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s; ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in khi bt ra khi kim loi l?
A: W

dmax
= 2,48.10
-19

J B: W

dmax
= 5,40.10
-20

J C: W

dmax
= 8,25.10
-19

J D: W

dmax
= 9,64.10
-20

J
Cu 59: Chiu mt chm photon c bc sng vo tm kim loi c gii hn quang in

o
. Hin tng quang in xy ra ng
nng ban u cc i ca cc quang electron l 2,65.10
-19

J. Tm vn tc cc i ca cc electron quang in. Bit h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c =
3.10
8

m/s; m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg.
A: v

max
= 7,063.10
5

m B: v

max
= 7,63.10
6

m C: v

max
= 7,63.10
5

m D: v

max
= 5,8.10
11

m
Cu 60: Mt chm photon c f = 4,57.10
14

Hz. Tm s photon c pht ra trong mt s, bit cng sut ca ngun trn l 1W. h =
6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s.
A: 3,3.10
18

B: 3,03.10
18

ht C: 4,05.10
19

D: 4.10
18

Cu 61: Chiu cc bc x c f

1
= 6,5.10
14

Hz; f

2
= 5,5.10
14

Hz; f

3
= 7.10
14

Hz. Vo tm kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0,5m. C
bao nhiu bc x c th gy ra hin tng quang in?
A: 0 B: 1 C: 2 D: 3
Cu 62: Chiu mt bc x c bc sng = 0,4m vo catot ca mt t bao quang in. Cho cng thot electron ca catot l A =
2eV. t gia anot v catot hiu in th U

AK
= 5V. ng nng cc i ca cc electron quang in khi n n anot l?
A: 4,2eV B: 6,1eV C: 9,8eV D: 12,4eV
Cu 63: Ln lt chiu 2 nh sng c bc sng

1
= 0,54 m v

2
= 0,35m vo mt tm kim loi lm catot ca mt t bo quang
in ngi ta thy vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron thot ra t catot trng hp dng bc x ny gp i bc x kia.
Cng thot electron ca kim loi l?
A: 1,05eV B: 1,88eV C: 2,43eV C: 3,965eV
Cu 64: Kim loi dng lm catot ca t bo quang in c cng thot electron l 2,5eV. Chiu vo catot bc x c tn s f = 1,5.10
15

Hz. ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in l:
A: 3,71eV B: 4,85eV C: 5,25eV D: 7,38eV
Cu 65: Catot ca mt t bo quang in lm bng kim loi c gii hn quang in

o
= 0,5m. Mun c dng quang in trong
mch th nh sng kch thch phi c tn s:
A: f 2,5.10
14

Hz B: f 4,2.10
14

Hz C: f 6.10
14

Hz D: f 8.10
14

Hz
Cu 66: Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x in t c bc sng

1
v

2
vi

2
= 2

1
vo mt tm kim loi th t s ng nng ban u
cc i ca quang electron bt ra khi kim loi l 9. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l

o
. Mi quan h gia bc sng

1
v gii hn
quang in

o
l?
A:

1
=
3
5

0
B:

1
=
5
7

o
C: =
5
16

o
D:
7
16

o

Cu 67: Chiu nh sng c bc sng = 0,4m vo catot ca mt t bo quang in lm bng kim loi c cng thot A = 2,48eV.
Nu hiu in th gia anot v catot l U

AK
= 4V th ng nng ln nht ca quang electron khi p vo anot l:
A: 52,12.10
-19

J B: 7,4.10
-19

J C: 64.10
-19

J D: 45,72.10
-19

J
Cu 68: Mt tm kim loi c gii hn quang in

o
= 0,275 m c t c lp v in. Ngi ta chiu sng n bng bc x c
bc sng th thy in th cc i ca tm kim loi ny l 2,4V. Bc sng ca nh sng kch thch l.
A: 0,2738m B: 0,1795m C: 0,4565m D: 3,259m
Cu 69: Khi chiu vo catot ca mt t bo quang in c dng quang in bo ha I

bh
= 5A v hiu sut quang in H = 0,6%. S
photon ti catot trong mi giy l:
A: 2,5.10
15

B: 3,8.10
15

C: 4,3.10
15

D: 5,2.10
15

Cu 70: Khi chiu vo catot ca mt t bo quang in bng xeri mt bc x , ngi ta thy vn tc ca quang electron cc i ti
anot l 8.10
5

m/s nu hiu in th gia anot v catot U

AK
= 1,2V. Hiu in th hm U

h
i vi bc x trn l:
A: 0,62V B: 1,2V C: 2,4V D: 3,6V
Cu 71: Chiu nh sng c bc sng = 0,3m vo catot ca mt t bo quang in, dng quang in bo ha c gi tr 1,8mA.
Bit hiu sut lng t ca hin tng quang in H = 1%. Cng sut bc x m catot nhn c l:
A: 1,49W B: 0,149W C: 0,745W D: 7,45W
Cu 72: Chiu vo catot ca mt t bo quang in mt bc x bc sng vi cng sut P, ta thy cng dng quang in bo
ho c gi tr I. Nu tng cng sut bc x ny ln 20% th thy cng dng quang in bo ha tng 10%. Hiu sut lng t s:
A: Tng 8,3% B: Gim 8,3% C: Tng 15% D: Gim 15%
Cu 73: Chiu mt bc x in t c bc sng 0,5m ln mt kim loi dng lm catot ca mt t bo quang in, thu c dng
bo ha c I = 4mA. Cng sut ca bc x in t l P = 2,4W. Hiu sut lng t ca hiu ng quang in l:
A: 0,152% B: 0,414% C: 0,634% D: 0,966%
Cu 74: Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,546m ln mt tm kim loi c gii hn quang in

o
. Dng mn chn tch ra mt chm
hp cc electron quang in v cho chng bay vo t trng u theo hng vung gc vi cc ng cm ng t c B = 10
-4

T. Bit
bn knh cc i ca qu o cc electron l R = 23,32mm. Gii hn quang in l:
A: 0,38m B: 0,52m C: 0,69m D: 0,85m



Trang 10
Cu 75: Chiu ln lt cc bc x c tn s f, 2f, 4f vo catt ca t bo quang in th vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang
in ln lt l v, 2v, kv. Xc nh gi tr k?
A: 10 B: 4 C: 6 D:8
Cu 76: Mt tm kim loi c gii hn quang in ngoi
0
=0,46m. Hin tng quang in ngoi s xy ra vi ngun bc x
A: Hng ngoi c cng sut 100W. B: T ngoi c cng sut 0,1W.
C: C bc sng 0,64m c cng sut 20W. D: Hng ngoi c cng sut 11W.
Cu 77: Catt ca mt t bo quang in lm bng Vnfram c cng thot l 7,2.10
-19
J, bc sng ca nh sng kch thch l 0,18m.
trit tiu hon ton dng quang in phi t vo hai u Ant v Catt mt hiu in th hm l
A: 2,37V; B: - 2,4V C: 2,57V; D: 2,67V.
Cu 78: Chiu mt chm sng t ngoi c bc sng m 25 , 0 vo mt l Volfram c cng thot 4,5eV. Bit khi lng lctrn
l m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg. Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc elctrn quang in khi bn ra khi mt l Vonfram l:
A: 4,06.10
5
m/s B: 3,72.10
5
m/s; C: 4,81.10
5
m/s; D: 1,24.10
6
m/s.
Cu 79: Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,552m vi cng sut P = 1,2W vo catot ca mt t bo quang in, dng quang in bo
ha c cng I
bh
= 2mA. Tnh hiu sut lng t ca hin tng quang in. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C.
A: 0,65% B: 0,375% C: 0,55% D: 0,425%
Cu 80: Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,4m vo catot ca mt t bo quang in. Cng thot electron ca kim loi lm catot l A
= 2eV. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js v c = 3.10
8
m/s. 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J. Gi tr in p t vo hai u anot v catot trit tiu dng quang in
l
A: U
AK
s - 1,1V. B: U
AK
s - 1,2V. C: U
AK
s - 1,4V. D: U
AK
s 1,5V.
Cu 81: Chiu mt bc x = 0,41 m vo katt ca t bo quang in th I
bh
= 60mA, cng sut ca ngun l 3,03W. Hiu sut
lng t l
A: 6% B: 9% C: 18% D: 25%
Cu 82: Khi chiu nh sng c bc sng vo katt ca t bo quang in th e bt ra c v
0max
= v, nu chiu ' = 0,75 th v
0
max
= 2v, bit = 0,4m. Bc sng gii hn ca katt l
A: 0,42m B: 0,45m C : 0,48m D: 0,51 m
Cu 83: Chieu bc xacobc song bang 0,489 m vao catot cua tebao quang ien. Biet cong suat cua chum bc xakch
thch chieu vao catot la20,35mW. Sophoton ap vao mat catot trong 1 gi ay la:
A: 1,3.10
18
B: 5.10
16
C: 4,7.10
18
D: 10
17
Cu 84: Mt qu cu bng kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0,277m c t c lp vi cc vt khc . Chiu vo qu cu nh sng
n sc c <
0
th qu cu nhim in & t ti in th cc i l 5,77V . Tnh ?
A:0,1211 m B: 1,1211 m C: 2,1211 m D: 3,1211 m
Cu 85: Cng thot electron ca mt kim loi l 2,4 eV. Nu chiu ng thi hai bc x c tn s f
1
= 10
15
Hz v f
2
= 1,5.10
15
Hz vo
tm kim loi t c lp th in th ln nht ca tm kim l: ( cho h= 6,625.10
34
Js; c= 3.10
8
m/s; |e|= 1,6.10
19
C )
A:1,74 V. B: 3,81 V. C: 5,55 V. D: 2,78 V .
Cu 86: Cng thot ca mt kim loi dng lm catt ca mt t bo quang in l A, gii hn quang in ca kim loi ny l
0
. Nu
chiu bc x n sc c bc sng = 0,6
0
vo catt ca t bo quang in trn th ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang
in l
A: 0,66. A B: 5A/3 C: 1,5A D: 2A/3
Cu 87: ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electrn quang in khi bt ra khi catt ca mt t bo quang in l 2,065 eV. Bit vn
tc cc i ca cc electrn quang in khi ti ant l 2,909.10
6
m/s, khi lng electron 9,1.10
-31
(kg), 1 eV = 1,6.10
-19
J. Hiu in th
gia ant (A) v catt (K) ca t bo quang in l
A: U
AK
= - 24 V B: U
AK
= + 24 V C: U
AK
= - 22 V D: U
AK
= + 22 V
Cu 88: Chiu mt chm sng n sc c bc sng = 570nm v c cng sut P = 0,625W c chiu vo catt ca mt t bo
quang in. Bit hiu sut lng t H = 90%. Cho h = 6.625.10
-34
J.s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C, c = 3.10
8
m/s. Cng dng quang in bo ho l:
A: 0,179A: B: 0,125A: C: 0,258A: D: 0,416A:
Cu 89: Kim loi dng lm catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A = 2,2eV. Chiu vo catt mt bc x c bc sng .
Mun trit tiu dng quang in, ngi ta phi t vo ant v catt mt hiu in th hm c ln
h
U = 0,4V. Bc sng ca bc
x c th nhn gi tr no sau y?
A: 0,678 m. B: 0,577 m. C: 0,448 m. D: 0,478 m.
Cu 90: Ln lt chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang in cc bc x in t c bc sng
1
=
0
/3.v
2
=
0
/9;
0
l gii
hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt. T s hiu in th hm tng ng vi cc bc
1
v
2
l:
A: U
1
/U
2
=2. B: U
1
/U
2
= 1/4. C: U
1
/U
2
=4. D: U
1
/U
2
=1/2.
Cu 91: Chiu ln lt hai bc x n sc c bc sng
1
v
2
vo catot ca TBQ. Cc electron bt ra vi vn tc ban u cc i
ln lt l v
1
v v
2
vi v
1
= 2v
2
. T s cc hiu in th hm U
h1
/U
h2
cc dng quang in trit tiu l:
A: 4 B: 3 C: 2 D: 5



Trang 11
Cu 92: Cng thot ca lectron ra khi b mt catt ca mt t bo quang in l 2eV. Nng lng ca photon chiu ti l 6eV.
Hiu in th hm cn t vo t bo quang in l bao nhiu c th lm trit tiu dng quang in
A: - 4V. B: - 8V. C: - 3V. D: - 2V.
Cu 93: Catt ca mt t bo quang in lm bng vnfram. Bit cng thot ca electron i vi vnfram l 7,2.10
-19
J v bc sng
ca nh sng kch thch l 0,180m. trit tiu hon ton dng quang in, phi t vo hai u ant v catt mt hiu in th hm c
gi tr tuyt i l
A: U
h
= 3,50V B: U
h
= 2,40V C: U
h
= 4,50V D: U
h
= 6,62V
Cu 94: Ln lt chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang in cc bc x in t gm bc x c bc sng

1

= 0,26 m v bc x c
bc sng

2
= 1,2.
1
th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in bt ra t catt ln lt l v
1
v v
2
vi v

2
=
3
4
.v
1
. Gii hn
quang in

0
ca kim loi lm catt ny l
A: 0,42 m. B: 1,45 m. C:1,00 m. D: 0,90 m.
Cu 95: Chiu ln lt hai bc x c bc sng
1
0, 35 m = v
2
0, 54 m = vo mt tm kim loi, ta thy t s vn tc ban
u cc i bng 2. Cng thot ca electron ca kim loi l:
A:2,1eV. B: 1,3eV. C: 1,6eV. D: 1,9eV.
Cu 96: Trong th nghim i vi mt t bo quang in, kim loi dng lm Catt c bc sng gii hn l
O
. Khi chiu ln lt cc
bc x c bc sng
1
<
2
<
3
<
O
o c hiu in th hm tng ng l U
h1
, U
h2
v U
h3
. Nu chiu ng thi c ba bc x ni
trn th hiu in th hm ca t bo quang in l:
A: U
h2
B: U
h3
C: U
h1
+ U
h2
+ U
h3
D: U
h1

Cu 97: Mt quang electron va bt ra khi tm kim loi cho bay vo t trng u theo phng vung gc vi cc ng cm ng
t. Bit tc ban u ca quang electron l 4,1.10
5
m/s v t trng B = 10
-4
T. Tm bn knh qu o ca quang electron .Cho
m
e
=9,1.10
-31
kg,
e
q =1,6.10
-19
C.
A: 23,32mm B: 233,2mm C: 6,63cm D: 4,63mm
Cu 98: Kim loi lm catt ca mt t bo quang in c gii hn quang in l

0
. Chiu ln lt ti b mt catt hai bc x c bc
sng

1
= 0,4m v

2
= 0,5m th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron bn ra khc nhau 1,5 ln. Bc sng

0
l :
A:

0
= 0,625m B:

0
= 0,775m C:

0
= 0,6m D:

0
= 0,25m
Cu 99: Hai ng c trng vn-mpe ca mt t bo quang in cho trn th hnh bn l ng vi hai chm sng kch thch
no:
A: Hai chm sng kch thch c cng bc sng khc cng
B: C cng cng sng
C: Bc sng khc nhau v cng sng bng nhau
D: Bc sng ging nhau v cng sng bng nhau

U
h
O U
I
I
1

I
2

Cu 100: Catt ca mt t bo quang in lm bng Xei l kim loi c cng tht electron A=2eV c chiu bi bc x c =
0,3975m. Cho cng dng quang in bo ha I = 2A v hiu sut quang in : H = 0,5%, h =6,625.10
-34
Js; c =3.10
8
m/s ; |e| =
1,6.10
-19
C. S photon ti catot trong mi giy l:
A: 1,5.10
15
photon B: 2.10
15
photon C: 2,5.10
15
photon D: 5.10
15
photon
Cu 101: Mt tm nhm c cng thot electron l 3,74eV. Khi chiu vo tm nhm bc x 0,085m ri hng cc quang electron dc
theo ng sc ca in trng c hng trng vi hng chuyn ng ca electron . Nu cng in trng c ln E
=1500V/m th qung ng ti a electron i c l:
A:7,25dm. B:0,725mm. C:7,25mm. D:72,5mm.
Cu 102: Chiu nh sng n sc c bc sng vo catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot A, ng c trng Vn-Ampe thu
c i qua gc to . Nu chiu bc x c bc sng /2 th ng nng ban u cc i ca cc quang electron l:
A: A B: A/2 C: 2A D: 4A
Cu 103: Chiu ln lt cc bc x c tn s f, 3f, 5f vo catt ca t bo quang in th vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang
in ln lt l v, 3v, kv. Gi tr k l
A:
34
B: 5 C:
17
D: 15
Cu 104: Ngi ta chiu nh sng c bc sng 3500A
0
ln mt mt tm kim loi. Cc electron bt ra vi ng nng ban u cc i
s chuyn ng theo qu o trn bn knh 9,1cm trong mt t trng u c B = 1,5.10
-
5
T. Cng thot ca kim loi c gi tr l bao
nhiu? Bit khi lng ca electron l m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
A: 1,50eV. B: 4,00eV. C: 3,38eV D: 2,90eV.
Cu 105: Ngi ta ln lt chiu hai bc x vo b mt mt kim loi c cng thot 2eV . Nng lng phtn ca hai bc x ny l
2,5eV v 3,5 eV tng ng. T s ng nng cc i ca cc lectron quang in trong hai ln chiu l
A: 1: 3 B: 1 : 4 C: 1 : 5 D: 1: 2
Cu 106: Mt lectron c vn tc v khng i bay vo mt t trng u c cm ng t B . Khi v
vung gc vi B
th qu o ca
lectron l mt ng trn bn knh r . Gi e v m ln lt l ln in tch v khi lng ca lectron, th t s e/m l
A: B/ rv B: Brv C: v/ Br D: rv / B



Trang 12
Cu 107: Khi chiu bc x c bc sng
1
= 0,2(m) vo mt tm kim loi c lp, th thy quang electron c vn tc ban u cc i
l 0,7.10
6
(m/s). Nu chiu bc x c bc sng
2
th in th cc i ca tm kim loi l 3(V). Bc sng
2
l:
A: 0,19(m) B: 2,05(m) C: 0,16(m) D: 2,53(m)
Cu 108: Chiu ln lt hai bc x
1
= 0,555m v
2
= 0,377m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th thy xy ra hin tng
quang in v dng quang in trit tiu khi hiu in th hm c ln gp 4 ln nhau. Hiu in th hm i vi bc x
2
l
A: 1,340V B: 0,352V C: 3,520V D: - 1,410V
Cu 109: Bit gii hn quang in ngoi ca Bc, Km v Natri tng ng l 0,26m; 0,35m v 0,50m. khng xy ra hin
tng quang in ngoi i vi hp kim lm t ba cht trn th nh sng kch thch phi c bc sng
A: = 0,5m B: = 0,26m C: = 0,26 m D: = 0,55m
Cu 110: Catt ca t bo quang in chn khng l mt tm kim loi phng c gii hn quang in l
0
0
3600A = . Chiu vo
catt nh sng c bc sng 0, 33 m = . Ant cng l tm lim loi phng cch catt 1cm. Gia chng c mt hiu inth 18,2V.
Tm bn knh ln nht trn b mt ant c quang electron p ti.
A. R = 2.62 mm B. R = 2.62 cm C. R = 6,62 cm D. R = 26,2 cm
Cu 111: Mt in cc phng bng nhm c chiu bi bc x c bc sng 83nm = . Hi quang electron c th ri xa b mt
nhm mt khong ti a bng bao nhiu, nu ngoi in cc c mt in trng cn E=7,5V/cm. Bit gii hn quang in ca nhm
l
0
332nm = .
A. l 1,5mm ~ B. l 0,15mm ~ C. l 15mm ~ D. l 5,1mm ~
Cu 112: Qu cu kim loi c bn knh R = 10cm c chiu sng bi nh sng c bc sng = 2.10
-7
m. Qu cu phi tch in
bao nhiu gi khng cho quang lectron thot ra? Cho bit cng thot ca lectron ra khi kim loi l 4,5eV. Bit hng s Plng h
= 6,625.10
-34
J.s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C, c = 3.10
8
m/s.
A. 1,6.10
-13
C. B. 1,9.10
-11
C. C. 1,87510
-11
C. D. 1,875.10
-13
C
Cu 113: (C 2007): Gii hn quang in ca mt kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in l
0
= 0,50 m. Bit vn tc nh sng
trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s. Chiu vo catt ca t bo quang in ny bc x c bc
sng = 0,35 m, th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in l
A: 1,70.10
-19
J. B: 70,00.10
-19
J. C: 0,70.10
-19
J. D: 17,00.10
-19
J.
Cu 114: (C 2007): Cng thot lectrn (lectron) ra khi mt kim loi l A = 1,88 eV. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, vn tc
nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s v 1 eV = 1,6.10
-19
J . Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l
A: 0,33 m. B: 0,22 m. C: 0,66. 10
-19
m. D: 0,66 m.
Cu 115: (H 2007): Mt chm nh sng n sc tc dng ln b mt mt kim loi v lm bt cc lectrn (lectron) ra khi kim
loi ny. Nu tng cng chm sng ln ba ln th
A: s lng lectrn thot ra khi b mt kim loi trong mi giy tng ba ln.
B: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in tng ba ln.
C: ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in tng chn ln.
D: cng thot ca lectrn gim ba ln.
Cu 116: (H 2007): Ln lt chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang in cc bc x in t gm bc x c bc sng
1
= 0,26 m
v bc x c bc sng
2
= 1,2
1
th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in bt ra t catt ln lt l v
1
v v
2
vi v
2
=
3v
1
/4. Gii hn quang in
0
ca kim loi lm catt ny l
A: 1,45 m. B: 0,90 m. C: 0,42 m. D: 1,00 m.
Cu 117: (C 2008): Chiu ln b mt catt ca mt t bo quang in chm sng n sc c bc sng 0,485 m th thy c hin
tng quang in xy ra. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s, khi lng ngh ca
lectrn (lectron) l 9,1.10
-31
kg v vn tc ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in l 4.10
5
m/s. Cng thot lectrn ca kim loi lm
catt bng
A: 6,4.10
-20
J. B: 6,4.10
-21
J. C: 3,37.10
-18
J. D: 3,37.10
-19
J.
Cu 118: (H 2008): Theo thuyt lng t nh sng th nng lng ca
A: mt phtn bng nng lng ngh ca mt lectrn (lectron).
B: mt phtn ph thuc vo khong cch t phtn ti ngun pht ra n.
C: cc phtn trong chm sng n sc bng nhau
D: mt phtn t l thun vi bc sng nh sng tng ng vi phtn .
Cu 119: (H 2008):Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x c tn s l f
1
, f
2
(vi f
1
< f
2
) vo mt qu cu kim loi t c lp th u xy ra
hin tng quang in vi in th cc i ca qu cu ln lt l V
1
, V
2
. Nu chiu ng thi hai bc x trn vo qu cu ny th in
th cc i ca n l
A: (V
1
+ V
2
). B: |V
1
V
2
|. C: V
2
. D: V
1
.
Cu 120: (C - 2009): Gi nng lng ca phtn nh sng , nh sng lc v nh sng tm ln lt l c
, c
L
v c
T
th
A: c
T
> c
L
> e
. B: c
T
> c
> e
L
. C: c
> c
L
> e
T
. D: c
L
> c
T
> e
.
Cu 121: (C - 2009) Mt ngun pht ra nh sng c bc sng 662,5 nm vi cng sut pht sng l 1,5.10
-4
W. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34

J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s. S phtn c ngun pht ra trong 1 s l
A: 5.10
14
. B: 6.10
14
. C: 4.10
14
. D: 3.10
14
.



Trang 13
Cu 122: (H 2009) Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l 7,64.10
-19
J. Chiu ln lt vo b mt tm kim loi ny cc bc x c
bc sng l
1
= 0,18 m,
2
= 0,21 m v
3
= 0,35 m. Ly h=6,625.10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc x no gy c hin tng quang
in i vi kim loi ?
A: Hai bc x (
1
v
2
). B: Khng c bc x no trong ba bc x trn.
C: C ba bc x (
1
,
2
v
3
). D: Ch c bc x
1
.
Cu 123: (H 2009) Chiu ng thi hai bc x c bc sng 0,452 m v 0,243 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Kim loi
lm catt c gii hn quang in l 0,5 m. Ly h = 6,625. 10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
m/s v m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg. Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc
lectron quang in bng
A: 2,29.10
4
m/s. B: 9,24.10
3
m/s C: 9,61.10
5
m/s D: 1,34.10
6
m/s
Cu 124: (H - 2010)Mt kim loi c cng thot lectron l 7,2.10
-19
J. Chiu ln lt vo kim loi ny cc bc x c bc sng
1
=
0,18 m,
2
= 0,21 m,
3
= 0,32 m v = 0,35 m. Nhng bc x c th gy ra hin tng quang in kim loi ny c bc sng l
A:
1
,
2
v
3
. B:
1
v
2
. C:
2
,
3
v
4
. D:
3
v
4
.
Cu 125: (H - 2010)Mt ngun sng ch pht ra nh sng n sc c tn s 5.10
14
Hz. Cng sut bc x in t ca ngun l 10 W.
S phtn m ngun pht ra trong mt giy xp x bng
A: 3,02.10
19
. B: 0,33.10
19
. C: 3,02.10
20
. D: 3,24.10
19
.
Cu 126: (H - 2010)Theo thuyt lng t nh sng, pht biu no di y l sai?
A: nh sng c to thnh bi cc ht gi l phtn.
B: Nng lng ca cc phtn nh sng l nh nhau, khng ph thuc tn s ca nh sng.
C: Trong chn khng, cc phtn bay dc theo tia sng vi tc c = 3.10
8
m/s.
D: Phn t, nguyn t pht x hay hp th nh sng, cng c ngha l chng pht x hay hp th phtn
Cu 127: (H - 2011) Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l A = 1,88 eV. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi ny c gi tr l
A: 1057 nm. B: 220 nm. C: 661 nm. D: 550 nm.
Cu 128: (H - 2011) Hin tng quang in ngoi l hin tng lectron b bt ra khi tm kim loi khi
A: chiu vo tm kim loi ny mt bc x in t c bc sng thch hp.
B: cho dng in chy qua tm kim loi ny.
C: tm kim loi ny b nung nng bi mt ngun nhit.
D: chiu vo tm kim loi ny mt chm ht nhn heli.



Trang 14

BI 3: TIA X
I. PHNG PHP

nh ngha Tia X l sng in t c bc sng t10
-8

n 10
-12

m

Ngun pht Do my X quang pht ra.

Tc dng - Kh nng nng m xuyn cao
- Lm en knh nh
- Lm pht quang mt s cht
- Gy ra hin tng quang in ngoi hu ht cc kim loi
- Lm in ha khng kh
- Tc dng sinh l, hy dit t bo
ng dng - Chun on hnh nh trong y hc
- Pht hin khuyt tt trong cc sn phm c
- Kim tra hnh l trong lnh vc hng khng
- Nghin cu thnh phn cu trc vt rn
Cc cng thc bi tp
Ct1: q.U

AK
=
1
2
mV
2

max
= hf

max
=
hc

min
Trong :
* q.U

AK
=
1
2
mV
2

max
= hf

max
=
hc

min
Trong :
* Cng dng in trong ng Rnghen: I = n

e
.e

* Tng ng nng ca e khi va chm i ca tt trong 1s: E W

d
= n

e
.W

d
=
I
e
.U

AK
.q

* Cng thc xc nh hiu sut ng Cu - lit - gi: H =
Ec
EW

d
.
Vi Ee l tng nng lng tia X
Ee = EW

d
.H
EQ = EW

d
( 1 - H)
- q l ln in tch ca electron = 1,6. 10
-19

C
- U

AK
l hiu in th gia anot v catot ca my ( V )
- m l khi lng cc electron; m = 9,1.10
-31

kg
- V

max
l vn tc cc i ca cc khi p vo i catot ( m/s)
- h l hng s plank
- f

max
l tn s ln nht ca bc x pht ra (Hz)
-

min
l bc sng ca bc x ( m)

II. BI TP MU

V d 1: Mt ng rnghen c in p gia ant v katt l 2000V, cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc sng ngn nht ca tia
rnghen m ng c th pht ra l
A. 4,68.10
-10
m B. 5,25.10
-10
m C. 3.46.10
-10
m D. 6,21.10
-10
m
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n D



Trang 15
Ta c: U.q =
hc

min

min
=
h.c
U.q
=
6,625.10
-34

.3.10
8

2000.1,6.10
-19

= 6,21.10
-10

m Chn p n D
V d 2: bc sng ngn nht tia X pht ra l 0,05nm hiu in th hot ng ca ng Culitgi t nht phi l
A. 24,84KV B. 25KV C. 10KV D. 30KV
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n A

Ta c: U.q =
hc

min
U =
h.c
q.

min
=
6,625.10
-34

.3.10
8

1,6.10
-19

. 0,05.10
-9

= 24843 V

V d 3: Tn s ln nht trong chm bc x pht ra t ng Rnghen l 4.10
18
Hz. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, e = 1,6.10
-19
C. Hiu in th
gia hai cc ca ng l
A. 16,4 kV B. 16,56 kV C. 16,6 kV D. 16,7 V
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n B
Ta c: h.f

max
= U.q U =
h.f

max
q
=
6,625.10
-34

. 4.10
18

1,6.10
-19

= 16,56.10
3

= 15,56kV

V d 4: Mt ng Culigio mi giy c 2.10
18

electron chy qua ng. Xc nh cng dng in chy trong ng?

A. 3,2 A B. 3,2mA C. 0,32 A D. 32.10
-3

A

Hng dn:
[ ]
p n A
I = n

e
.q = 2.10
18

. 1,6.10
-19

= 3,2.10
-1

= 0,32 A



Trang 16

V d 5: Mt my X quang c duy tr bi hiu in th 20kV, cng dng in chy trong ng l 5mA. i m cc ca my
c lm mt bng nc. Bit nc c nhit dung C = 4200 J/kg/,nc u vo c nhit l 25
o

C v ra l 35
o

C, hiu sut ca my
l 5%. Hy xc nh lu lng nc qua my. ( D

H

2O
= 1g/ml)
A. 2 ml/s B. 2,26 ml/s C. 3ml/s D. 4ml/s
Hng dn:
[ ] p n B
- Nng lng ca 1 e khi va chm i catot l: W

d
= U.q
- S e n i ca tt trong 1 s l: I = n

e
.e n

e
=
I
e

- Tng ng nng ca e khi va chm i catot l: E

W

d
= n

e
. W

d
=
I.U.q
e

- Nhit nng sinh ra l: Q = 0,95. E

W

d
= 0.95.
I.U.q
e
= 0,95 UI
Ta li c: Q = m.C. At
- Suy ra: Khi lng nc c ung nng trong 1s: m =
Q
C. At
= 0,95.
I.U
C. At
= 0,95
5.10
-3

. 20.10
3

4200.10
= 2,26g
- Lu lng nc qua ng l: V =
m
D
=
2,26
1
= 2,26 ml/s

III. BI TP THC HNH

Bi 1: Tm pht biu sai v tia X
A: Tia X l sng in t
B: Tia X khng b lch khi i qua t trng
C: Tia X c kh nng gy ra hin tng quang in hu ht cc kim loi
D: Tia X c bc sng ln hn tia
Bi 2: Tm pht biu sai khi ni v tia X
A. Tia X do ngun in c hiu in th ln phng ra
B. Tia X c kh nng m xuyn qua ming ba nhm dy c vi mm
C. Tia X gy ra hin tng ion ha cht kh
D. Tia X c bc sng ln hn tia gama
Bi 3: Tm pht biu sai v tia X?
A: Tia X c nhiu ng dng trong y hc nh chiu, chp in
B: Tia X c kh nng lm pht quang nhiu cht
C: Tia X l sng in t c bc sng nm trong khong 10
-11

m n 10
-8

m.
D: Tia X b lch trong in t trng
Bi 4: Chn cu ng? Tia X c bc sng.
A: Ln hn tia hng ngoi B: Ln hn tia t ngoi
C: Nh hn tia t ngoi D: Khng th o c
Bi 5: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca mt Culitgio l 10 kV. Tnh ng nng cc i ca cc electron khi p vo anot. Cho bit
khi lng v in tch ca electron m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg; e = 1,6.10
-19

C.
A: 2,6.10
-15

J B: 1,98.10
-15

J C: 2.10
-20

J D: 1,6.10
-15

J
Bi 6: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca mt Culitgio l 10 kV. Tnh tc cc i ca cc electron khi p vo anot. Cho bit khi
lng v in tch ca electron m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg; e = 1,6.10
-19

C.
A:5,9.10
7

m/s B: 59.10
5

m/s C: 5,9.10
5

m/s D: 5,9.10
4

m/s
Bi 7: Cng dng in qua ng tia X l I = 2mA. Bit e = 1,6.10
-19

C; s electron p vo i catot trong mi pht l?
A: N = 7,5.10
17

B: N = 1,25.10
16

C: N = 5,3.10
18

D: 2,4.10
15

Bi 8: Mt ng tia X c hiu in th gia anot v catot l 20kV. Tm bc sng nh nht m bc x c th pht ra? Bit h =
6,625.10
-34

Js; e = 1,6.10
-19

C;c = 3.10
8

m/s.
A: 0,62pm B: 0,62m C: 6,2pm D: p n khc
Bi 9: Mt ng tia X c hiu in th gia anot v catot l 20kV. Tm Tn s ln nht bc x c th pht ra? Bit h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; e =
1,6.10
-19

C;c = 3.10
8

m/s.
A: 4,84 GHz B: 4,8.10
18

Hz C: 4,83.10
18

Hz D: p n khc
Bi 10: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca ng tia X l U = 20KV. B qua ng nng ban u ca cc electron bt ra khi catot. Cho e
= 1,6.10
-19

C; m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg. Vn tc ca electron khi va ti i catot l?
A: v = 4,213.10
6

m/s B: v = 2,819.10
5

m/s C: v = 8,386.10
7

m/s D: v = 5,213.10
6

m/s
Bi 11: Hiu in th gia hai in cc ca ng tia X l U = 18kV; e = 1,6.10
-19

C; m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg . B qua ng nng lc electron bt
ra khi catot. Vn tc lc p vo i catot?
A: v = 5,32.10
6

m/s B: v = 2,18.10
5

m/s C: v = 7,96.10
7

m/s D: v = 3,45.10
7

m/s



Trang 17
Bi 12: Tn s ln nht trong chm bc x pht ra t ng tia X l 3.10
18

Hz. Ly e = 1,6.10
-19

C; h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; Hiu in th gia hai
u in cc ca ng l?
A: U = 9,3kV B: 12,4KV C: U = 11,5kV D: 14,5kV
Bi 13: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca mt tia X l 2.10
4

V. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron khi va bt ra khi catot. Bit e
= 1,6.10
-19

C; c = 3.10
8

m/s; h = 6,625.10
-34

Js. Bc sng nh nht ca chm tia X do ng pht ra l?
A: = 0,62 A
o

B:

min
= 0,52 A
o

C:

min
= 0,82 A
o

D:

min
= 0,65 A
o

Bi 14: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca mt tia X l 2.10
4

V. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron khi va bt ra khi catot. Bit
e = 1,6.10
-19

C; c = 3.10
8

m/s; h = 6,625.10
-34

Js. Tn s ln nht ca chm tia X do ng pht ra l?
A: f

max
= 2,15.10
17

Hz B: f

max
= 5,43.10
16

Hz C: f

max
= 8,2.10
19

Hz D: f

max
= 4,83.10
18

Hz
Bi 15: Vn tc ca electron khi p vo i catot ca ng tia X l 8. 10
7

m/s. Bit e = 1,6.10
-19

C; m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg; vn tc ti i
catot gim 6.10
6

m/s th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ng phi
A: Gim 5200V B: Tng 2628V C: Gim 2628V D: Gim 3548V
Bi 16: Hiu in th gia hai in cc ca ng tia X l 10kV. B qua ng nng ca electron lc bt ra khi catot. Ly e = 1,6.10
-19

C; h
= 6,625.10
-34

Js;c = 3.10
8

m/s; Bc sng ngn nht trong chm tia X l?
A:

min
= 9,5.10
-11

m B:

min
= 8,4.10
-10

m C:

min
= 5,8.10
-10

m D:

min
= 12,4.10
-11

m
Bi 17: Nu hiu in th U gia hai cc ca ng tia X gim 1000V th vn tc electron ti i catot gim 5.10
6

m/s. Vn tc ca
electron ti i catot lc u l bao nhiu? Bit e = 1,6.10
-19

C; m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg.
A: v = 3,75.10
7

m/s B: v = 8,26.10
6

m/s C: v = 1,48.10
7

m/s D: v = 5,64.10
6

m/s
Bi 18: Tn s ln nht ca tia X bc x l f

max
= 2,15.10
18

Hz. Tm vn tc cc i ca cc electron khi n va chm vi i catot?
A: 5,5.10
7

m/s B: 5,6.10
7

m/s C: 7.10
7

m/s D: 0,56.10
7

m/s
Bi 19: Hiu in th gia anot v catot l 30kV, tm tn s cc i ca tia X c th pht ra Bit h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; e = 1,6.10
-19

C; c =
3.10
8

m/s.
A: 7.10
18

Hz B: 8.10
18

Hz C: 9.10
18

Hz D: 7,2.10
18

H
Bi 20: Cng dng quang in qua ng tia X l I = 5mA. Bit e = 1,6.10
-19

C. S electron ti p vo i catot trong 1 pht l:
A: n = 1,775.10
18

B: n = 1,885.10
18

C: n = 1,875.10
18

D: n = 1,975.10
18

Bi 21: Cng dng quang in qua ng tia X l I = 5mA, hiu in th trong ng l 20kV v hiu sut chuyn i thnh tia X l 5%.
Tm nng lng photon do my pht ra trong mt pht? Bit e = 1,6.10
-19

C; m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg.
A: 10J B: 15J C: 5J D: 20J
Bi 22: Chm tia Rghen pht ra t ng Cu-lt-gi , ngi ta thy c nhng tia c tn s ln nht v bng
19
ax
5.10
m
f C
= .Tnh hiu
in th cc i gia hai cc ca ng :
A: 20,7kV B: 207kV C: 2,07kV D: 0,207kV
Bi 23: Mt ng pht ra tia Rghen , pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5.10
-10
m .Tnh nng lng ca photn tng ng :

A: 3975.10
-19
J B: 3,975.10
-19
J C: 9375.10
-19
J D: 9,375.10
-19
J
Bi 24: Mt ng pht ra tia Rghen .Khi ng hot ng th dng in qua ng l I = 2mA. Tnh s in t p vo i m cc trong mi
giy :
A: 125.10
13
B: 125.10
14
C: 215.10
14
D: 215.10
13

Bi 25: Mt ng pht ra tia Rghen .Cng dng in qua ng l 16m .in tch electrn | e | = 1,6.10
-19
C .S electrn p vo i
m cc trong mi giy :
A: 10
13
B: 10
15
C: 10
14
D: 10
16

Bi 26: Trong mt ng Cu-lt-gi ngi ta to ra mt hiu in th khng i gia hai cc.Trong mt pht ngi ta m c 6.10
18
in
t p vo ant. Tnh cng dng in qua ng Cu-lt-gi:
A: 16mA B: 1,6A C: 1,6mA D: 16A
Bi 27: Trong mt ng Cu-lt-gi , bit hiu in th cc i gia ant v catt l U
o
= 2.10
6
V. Hy tnh bc sng nh nht
min
ca tia
Rghen do ng pht ra :
A: 0,62mm B: 0,62.10
-6
m C: 0,62.10
-9
m D: 0,62.10
-12
m
Bi 28: in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l U
o
= 25 kV. Coi vn tc ban u ca chm lectrn (lectron) pht
ra t catt bng khng. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s , in tch nguyn t bng 1,6.10
-19
C. Tn s ln nht ca tia Rnghen do
ng ny c th pht ra l:
A: 6,038.10
18
Hz B: 60,380.10
15
Hz. C: 6,038.10
15
Hz. D: 60,380.10
18
Hz.
Bi 29: Mt kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0,3m .Bit h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s .Cng thot ca lectron ra khi kim loi
l
A: 6,625.10
-19
J. B: 6,625.10
-25
J C: 6,625.10
-49
J D: 5,9625.10
-32
J
Bi 30: ng Cu-lt-gi hot ng vi hiu in th cc i 50(kV). Bc sng nh nht ca tia X m ng c th to ra l:(ly gn ng).
Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
(m/s).
A: 0,25(A
0
) B: 0,75(A
0
). C: 2(A
0
). D: 0,5(A
0
).
Bi 31: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 2,65.10
-11
m .B qua ng nng ban u ca cc lectron khi thot
ra khi b mt catt .Bit h = 6,625.10
-34
Js , e = 1,6.10
-19
C .in p cc i gia hai cc ca ng l :
A: 46875V. B: 4687,5V C: 15625V D: 1562,5V
Bi 32: in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l U
o
= 18200V .B qua ng nng ca lectron khi bt khi catt
.Tnh bc sng ngn nht ca tia X do ng pht ra .Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s ; |e| = 1,6.10
-19
C :
A: 68pm. B: 6,8pm C: 34pm D: 3,4pm



Trang 18
Bi 33: Hiu in th hiu dng gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l 10kV. B qua ng nng ca cc lectron khi bt khi
catt .Tc cc i ca cc lectron khi p vo ant
A: 70000m/s B: 50000m/s C: 60000m/s D: 80000m/s
Bi 34: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 6,21.10
-11
m. Bit ln in tch lectrn (lectron), tc sng
trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C, 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s .B qua ng nng ban u ca lectrn. in p
cc i gia ant v catt ca ng l:
A: 2,00 kV. B: 20,00 kV C: 2,15 kV. D: 21,15 kV.
Bi 35: in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l 18,75 kV. Bit ln in tch lectrn (lectron), tc sng trong
chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C ; 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s. B qua ng nng ban u ca lectrn. Bc sng nh
nht ca tia Rnghen do ng pht ra l:
A: 0,4625.10
-9
m. B: 0,5625.10
-10
m. C: 0,6625.10
-9
m. D: 0,6625.10
-10
m
Bi 36: Hiu in th cc i gia hai cc ca ng Cu-lt-gi l 15kV. Gi s electrn bt ra t cathode c vn tc ban u bng khng
th bc sng ngn nht ca tia X m ng c th pht ra l bao nhiu ?
A: 75,5.10
-12
m B: 82,8.10
-12
m C: 75,5.10
-10
m D: 82,8.10
-10
m
Bi 37: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5A
0
. Cho in tch electrn l 1,6.10
-19
C, hng s Planck l 6,625.10
-
34
Js, vn tc ca nh sng trong chn khng l 3.10
8
m/s. Hiu in th cc i U
o
gia ant v catt l bao nhiu ?
A: 2500 V B: 2485 V. C: 1600 V D: 3750 V
Bi 38: Mt ng Rnghen hot ng hiu in th khng i 5kV th c th pht ra tia X c bc sng ngn nht l
A: ~2,48.10
-13
m B: ~2,48.10
-9
m C: ~2,48.10
-10
m D: ~2,48.10
-11
m
Bi 39: Mt ng Rnghen c hiu in th gia ant v catt l 25kV, cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc sng ngn nht ca tia
Rnghen m ng c th pht ra l:
A: 4,969.10
-10
m B: 4,969nm C: 0,4969A
0
D: 0,4969m
Bi 40: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca mt ng tia X l U = 18kV, cng dng in qua ng l I = 5mA. B qua ng nng lc
e lectron bt ra khi catot. Bit rng c 95% s electron n catot ch c tc dng nhit. Nhit lng lm nng i catot trong mt
pht l?
A: Q = 3260J B: Q = 5130J C: Q = 8420J D: Q = 1425J
Bi 41: Hiu in th gia hai cc ca ng tia X l U = 2,1KV v cng dng in qua ng l I = 0,8mA. B qua ng nng electron
lc bt ra khi catot . Cho rng ton b nng lng ca electron ti i catot u chuyn thnh nhit. lm ngui i catot, ta cho
dng nc chy qua, nhit li ra cao hn li vo 10
o

C: Bit nhit dung ring ca nc l C = 4200J/kg. . Khi lng n. c chy
qua i catot trong mi giy l?
A: m = 0,04g/s B: m = 2g/8s C: m = 15g/s D: m = 0,5g/s
Bi 42: (C 2007): Mt ng Rnghen pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 6,21.10
11
m. Bit ln in tch lectrn (lectron),
vn tc nh sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C; 3.10
8
m/s; 6,625.10
-34
J.s. B qua ng nng ban u ca
lectrn. Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca ng l
A: 2,00 kV. B: 2,15 kV. C: 20,00 kV. D: 21,15 kV.
Bi 43: (H 2007): Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rnghen l 18,75 kV. Bit ln in tch lectrn (lectron), vn
tc nh sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C, 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s. B qua ng nng ban u ca
lectrn. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen do ng pht ra l
A: 0,4625.10
-9
m. B: 0,6625.10
-10
m. C: 0,5625.10
-10
m. D: 0,6625.10
-9
m.
Bi 44: (H 2008):Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rnghen l U = 25 kV. Coi vn tc ban u ca chm lectrn
(lectron) pht ra t catt bng khng. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, in tch nguyn t bng 1,6.10
-19
C: Tn s ln nht ca tia
Rnghen do ng ny c th pht ra l
A: 60,380.10
18
Hz. B: 6,038.10
15
Hz. C: 60,380.10
15
Hz. D: 6,038.10
18
Hz.

BI 4: MU NGUYN T BOR - QUANG PH HIDRO

I. PHNG PHP
1. TIN V TRNG THI DNG
- Nguyn t ch tn ti trong mt s trng thi c nng lng xc nh gi l cc trng thi dng. Khi trong cc trng thi
dng th nguyn t khng bc x
- Trong cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t, electron ch chuyn ng xung quanh ht nhn trn nhng qu o c bn knh hon ton
xc nh gi l cc qu o dng.
i vi nguyn t Hidro bn knh qu o dng tng t l vi bnh phng ca cc s nguyn lin tip:
R

n
= n
2

r

o
vi r

o
= 5,3.10
-11

m. Trong :
R

n
l bn knh qu o th n
n l qu o th n
r

o
l bn knh c bn

r

o

4r

o

9r

o

16r

o

25r

o

36r

o



Trang 19
K L M N O P

2. TIN V HP TH V BC X NNG LNG.
- Khi nguyn t chyn t trng thi dng c nng lng ( E

n
) sang trng thi
dng c nng lng thp hn ( E

m
) th n pht ra mt pho ton c nng lng
ng bng hiu: E

n
- E

m

-
c = hf

nm
= E

n
- E

m

n
m
c = E

n
- E

m

- Ngc li, nu nguyn t ang trong trng thi dng c nng lng E

m
m
hp th mt photon c nng lng ng bng hiu E

n
- E

m
th n chuyn ln
trng thi dng c nng lng E

n
.
c = hf

nm
= E

n
- E

m
=
hc

n
m
c = E

n
- E

m

- T tin trn: Nu mt cht hp th c nh sng c bc sng no th n cng c th pht ra nh sng y.
3. QUANG PH VCH HIDRO.

- Mc nng lng trng thi n : E

n
=
- 13,6 eV
n
2

vi ( n = 1,2,3)
- e lectron b ion ha khi: E

= 0.
- E = E

12
+ E

23

hf

13
= hf

12
+ hf

23
f

13
= f

12
+ f

23

hc
=
hc

1
+
hc

2

1
=
1

1
+
1

2
=

1
+

2

- Cng thc xc nh tng s bc x c th pht ra khi e trng thi nng lng th n:
S

bx
= ( n - 1) + ( n- 2) + + 2 + 1
C
n
2

| o o
1
2
3
4
5
6

n
6
K
L
M
N
O
P
Dy Pachen: hon ton
trong vng hng ngoi

Dy Lai-man: hon ton
trong vng t ngoi

Dy Ban- me: nm trong
vng kh kin v t ngoi

II. BI TP MU

V d 1: nguyn t hidro, qu o no sau y c bn knh ln nht so vi bn knh cc qu o cn li?
A. O B. N C.L D. P
Hng dn:
[ ] p n D
Ta c: R

n
= n
2

.r

o
( trong r

o
l bn knh qu o c bn: r

o
= 5,3.10
-11

m)
Qu o O c n = 5.
Qu o N c: n = 4
Qu o L c n = 2
Qu o P c n = 6.
Trong cc qu o trn, qu o P c n ln nht ln bn knh l ln nht.



Trang 20
V d 2: Xc nh bn knh qu o dng M ca nguyn t, bit bn knh qu o K l R

K
= 5,3.10
-11

m.
A. 4,77 A
o

B. 4,77pm C. 4,77 nm D. 5,3 A
o

Hng dn:
[ ]
p n A
R

K
= r

o
= 5,3.10
-11

m.
R

n
= n
2

.r

o

Qu o M n = 3
r

o
= 5,3.10
-11

m
R

M
= 3
2

.5,3.10
-11

= 4,77.10
-10

m.
V d 3: e lec tron ang qu o n cha r th chuyn v qu o L, v thy rng bn knh qu o gim i 4 ln. Hi ban u electron
ang qu o no?
A. O B. M C. N D. P
Hng dn:
[ ] p n C
Bn knh qu o L: R

2
= 2
2

.r

o
= 4.r

o

Bn knh qu o n: R

n
= n
2

.r

o

Theo bi:
R

n
R

2
=
n
2

4
= 4
Suy ra: n = 4, Vy electron ban u ang qu o N
V d 4: Nng lng ca lectron trong nguyn t hyr c tnh theo cng thc: E
n
= -
-13,6
n
2

eV, A l hng s dng, n = 1,2,3, Xc
nh nng lng qu o dng L.
A. 5,44.10
-20

J B. 5,44eV C. 5,44MeV D. 3,4.eV
Hng dn:
[ ] p n D
Qu o dng th L ng vi n = 2
E

L
= -
13,6
2
2

= - 3,4 eV.
V d 5: Nng lng ca lectron trong nguyn t hyr c tnh theo cng thc: E
n
= -
-13,6
n
2

eV, A l hng s dng, n = 1,2,3, Hi
khi electron chuyn t qu o L v qu o K th n pht ra mt photon c bc sng l bao nhiu?
A. 0,2228 m. B. 0,2818 m. C.0,1281 m. D. 0,1218 m.
Hng dn:
[ ] p n D
Khi e chuyn t qu o L v qu o K th n pht ra mt photon:
hc
= E

2
- E

1
.
Suy ra: =
hc
E

2
- E

1
=
1,9875.10
-25

(
-
13,6
4
+ 13,6
.1,6.10
-19

= 0,1218 m.
V d 6: Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hiro, ba vch u tin trong dy Lai man c bc sng 1

2
= 121,6 nm;

13
= 102,6
nm;

14
= 97,3 nm. Bc sng ca vch u tin trong dy Ban m

e
= 9,1.10
-31

kg v vch u tin trong dy pasen l
A. 686,6 nm v 447,4 nm. B. 660,3 nm v 440,2 nm. C. 624,6nm v 422,5 nm. D. 656,6 nm v 486,9 nm.
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n D

K
L
M
N
1
2
3
4

12

13

14

23

24

23
=

13
.

12

12
-

13
=
121,6.102,6
121,6 - 102,6
= 656,64 nm

24
=

14
.

12

12
-

14
=
97,3.121,6
121,6 - 97,3
= 486,9 nm

III. BI TP THC HNH

Cu 1: Mu nguyn t Bo khc mu nguyn t R-d-pho im no?
A: M hnh nguyn t c ht nhn. C: Hnh dng qu o ca cc lectron.
B: Biu thc ca lc ht gia ht nhn v lectron. D: Trng thi c nng lng n nh.
Cu 2: Ni dung ca tin v s bc x v hp th nng lng ca nguyn t c phn nh trong cu no di y?



Trang 21
A: Nguyn t pht ra mt phtn mi ln bc x nh sng.
B: Nguyn t thu nhn mt phtn mi ln hp th nh sng.
C: Nguyn t pht ra nh sng no th c th hp th nh sng .
D: Nguyn t ch c th chuyn gia cc trng thi dng. Mi ln chuyn, n bc x hay hp th mt phtn c nng lng ng
bng chnh lch nng lng gia hai trng thi .
Cu 3: Qu o ca lectron trong nguyn t hir ng vi s lng t n c bn knh.
A: t l thun vi n. B: t l nghch vi n. C: t l thun vi n
2
. D: t l nghch vi n
2
.
Cu 4: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A: Dy Laiman nm trong vng t ngoi.
B: Dy Laiman nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy.
C: Dy Laiman nm trong vng hng ngoi.
D: Dy Laiman mt phn trong vng nh sng nhn thy v mt phn trong vng t ngoi.
A: Dy Banme nm trong vng t ngoi.
B: Dy Banme nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy.
C: Dy Banme nm trong vng hng ngoi.
D: Dy Banme nm mt phn trong vng nh sng nhn thy v mt phn trong vng t ngoi.
Cu 6: Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v mu nguyn t Bo?
A: Nguyn t bc x khi chuyn t trng thi c bn ln trng thi kch thch.
B: Trong cc trng thi dng, ng nng ca lectron trong nguyn t bng khng.
C: Khi trng thi c bn, nguyn t c nng lng cao nht.
D: Trng thi kch thch c nng lng cng cao th bn knh qu o ca lectron cng ln
Cu 7: Pht biu no sau y l sai, khi ni v mu nguyn t Bo?
A: Trong trng thi dng, nguyn t khng bc x.
B: Trong trng thi dng, nguyn t c bc x
C: Khi nguyn t chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
sang trng thi dng c nlng E
m
(E
m
<E
n
) th nguyn t pht ra mt
phtn c n.lng ng bng (E
n
-E
m
).
D: Nguyn t ch tn ti mt s trng thi c nng lng xc nh, gi l cc trng thi dng.
Cu 8: Trong quang ph hidro. Cc bc x trong dy Ban - me thuc vng
A: Hng ngoi B: T ngoi C: Kh kin D: Kh kin v t ngoi
Cu 9: Trong quang ph hidro. Cc bc x trong dy Pasen thuc vng
A: Hng ngoi B: T ngoi C: Kh kin D: Kh kin v t ngoi
Cu 10: Xc nh cng thc tnh bn knh qu o dng th n?( trong r

o
= 5,3.10
-11

m).
A: r = n.r

o
B: r = n
2

.r

o
C: n.r

o
2

D: n
2

.r
2

Cu 11: Trong dy laiman, vch c bc sng ln nht khi electron chuyn t
A: v qu o K C: Qu o L v qu o K
B: Mt trong cc qu o ngoi v qu o K D: Qu o M v qu o L
Cu 12: Chn cu ng
A: Bnh thng, nguyn t trng thi dng c nng lng bt k
B: Khi hp th photon, nguyn t trng thi c bn
C: trng thi dng, nguyn t khng bc x v khng hp th nng lng
D: Thi gian sng trung bnh ca nguyn t trung bnh ca nguyn t trong cc trng thi kch thch rt lu( hng gi hay nhiu
hn)
Cu 13: Bn knh qu o dng ca electron trong nguyn t hidro l
A: Mt s bt k B: r

o
, 2r

o
; 3r

o
;vi r

o
khng i
C: r

o
2

; 2r

o
2

; 3r

o
2

.. vi r

o
khng i D: r

o
, 4r

o
; 9r

o
vi r

o
khng i
Cu 14: Khi electron chuyn t qu o ngoi v qu o L ca nguyn t hidro th c th pht ra
A: V s bc x nm trong min nhn thy C: 7 bc x nm trong min nh sng nhn thy
B: 4 bc x nm trong min nh sng nhn thy D: Tt c bc x u nm trong min t ngoi
Cu 15: Trong nguyn t hir, electron ang qu o dng M c th bc x ra phtn thuc
A: 1 vch trong dy Laiman.
B: 1 vch trong dy Laiman v 1 vch trong dy Banme.
C: 2 vch trong dy Laiman v 1 vch trong dy Banme.
D: 1 vch trong dy Banme.
Cu 16: Mt m nguyn t hyr nhn nng lng kch thch & e
-
chuyn t qu o K ln qu o M . Khi chuyn v trng thi c
bn , nguyn t H c th pht ra bao nhiu vch quang ph ? thuc dy no ?
A: Hai vch ca dy Laiman
B: Hai vch, trong c mt vch ca dy Laiman & mt vch ca dy Banme
C: Hai vch ca dy Banme
D: Ba vch, trong c mt vch ca dy Banme & hai vch ca dy Laiman
Cu 17: e
-
ca 1 nguyn t H c mc nng lng c bn l 13,6 eV . Mc nng lng cao hn v gn nht l 3,4 eV . Nng lng ca
nguyn t H mc th n l E
n
= -
2
13, 6eV
n
( vi n = 1,2,3,..). iu g s xy ra khi chiu ti nguyn t chm phtn c nng lng 5,1 eV ?
A: e
-
hp th 1 phtn, chuyn ln mc nng lng - 8,5 eV ri nhanh chng tr v mc c bn & bc x phtn c nng lng 5,1 eV



Trang 22
B: e
-
hp th 1 phtn, chuyn ln mc nng lng - 8,5 eV ri nhanh chng hp th thm 1 phtn na chuyn ln mc 3,4 eV
C: e
-
hp th mt lc 2 phtn chuyn ln mc nng lng - 3,4 eV
D: e
-
khng hp th phtn
Cu 18: Chn pht biu ng v mu nguyn t Bo:
A: Trng thi dng l trng thi m nng lng ca nguyn t khng thay i c
B: Nng lng ng vi cc qu o dng t l thun vi bnh phng cc s nguyn lin tip.
C: Vch c bc sng di nht trong dy Banme c th nm trong vng hng ngoi.
D: Qu o dng c bn knh t l thun vi bnh phng cc s nguyn lin tip.
Cu 19: Chn cu sai khi ni v cc tin ca Bo.
A: Nguyn t ch tn ti trong nhng trng thi c nng lng xc nh.
B: Trng thi dng c nng lng cng thp th cng bn vng, trng thi dng c nng lng cng cao th cng km bn vng.
C: Nguyn t bao gi cng c xu hng chuyn t trng thi dng c mc nng lng cao sang trng thi dng c mc nng lng
thp hn.
D: Khi nguyn t chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
sang trng thi dng c nng lng E
m
(E
n
> E
m
) th nguyn t pht ra
1 phtn c nng lng nh hn hoc bng E
n
E
m
.
Cu 20: i i u u n n o o s sa au u y y l l sai khi ni v s to thnh cc vch trong dy Pasen ca quang ph nguyn t hir?
A: Trong dy Pasen ch c ba vch.
B: Cc vch trong dy Pasen c to thnh khi cc lectrn chuyn t cc qy o t bn ngoi v qy o M.
C: Cc vch trong dy Pasen tng ng vi cc tn s khc nhau.
D: Vch c bc sng di nht ng vi s chuyn ca letrn t qy o N v qy o M.
Cu 21: Hy xc nh trng thi kch thch cao nht ca cc nguyn t hir trong trng hp ngi ta ch thu c 6 vch quang ph
pht x ca nguyn t hir.
A: Trng thi L. B: Trng thi M. C: Trng thi N. D: Trng thi O.
Cu 22: Cc vch quang ph nm trong vng t ngoi ca nguyn t hir thuc v dy:
A: Lyman. B: Banme. C: Pasen. D: Lyman hoc Banme.
Cu 23: Nguyn t hir mc nng lng kch thch O, khi chuyn xung mc nng lng thp s c kh nng pht ra s vch ph ti
a thuc dy Banme l:
A: 3 vch. B: 5 vch. C: 6 vch. D: 7 vch.
Cu 24: Cc vch thuc dy Banme ng vi s chuyn ca lectron t cc qu o ngoi v
A: Qu o K. B: Qu o L. C: Qu o M. D: Qu o O.
Cu 25: Mt nguyn t hir ang trng thi c bn, hp th mt phtn c nng lng
o
v chuyn ln trng thi dng ng vi qu
o N ca lectron. T trng thi ny, nguyn t chuyn v cc trng thi dng c mc nng lng thp hn th c th pht ra phtn c
nng lng ln nht l :
A: 3
o
. B: 2
o
. C: 4
o
. D:
o

Cu 26: Chm nguyn t H ang trng thi c bn, b kch thch pht sng th chng c th pht ra ti a 3 vch quang ph. Khi b
kch thch electron trong nguyn t H chuyn sang qu o :
A: M. B: L C: O D: N
Cu 27: Khi mt electron ang trng thi c bn b kch thch hp th mt photon chuyn ln qu o L. Khi electron chuyn vo qu
o bn trong th s bc x ti a m n c th pht ra l?
A: 1 B: 3 C: 6 D: 10
Cu 28: Nu nguyn t hydro b kch thch sao cho electron chuyn ln qu o N. S bc x ti a m nguyn t Hidro c th pht ra
khi cc electron i vo bn trong l?
A: 3 B: 4 C: 5 D: 6
Cu 29: Nu nguyn t hydro b kch thch sao cho electron chuyn ln qu o N. S bc x ti a m nguyn t Hidro c th pht ra
thuc dy Pasen l l?
A: 1 B: 3 C: 5 D: 7
Cu 30: Nu nguyn t hydro b kch thch sao cho e chuyn ln qu o N th nguyn t c th pht ra ti a bao nhiu bc x trong dy
Banme
A: 1 B: 2 C: 3 D: 4
Cu 31: Mt Electron ang chuyn ng trn qu o c bn knh nguyn t 8,48A
o

. l qu o?
A: K B: L C: M D: N
Cu 32: Electron ca nguyn t hidro ang chuyn ng trn qu o dng c bn knh l mt trong cc s liu sau y: 4,47A
o

; 5,3 A
o

;
2,12 A
o

. l qu o
A: K B: L C: M D: N
Cu 33: Cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t hidro trong min hng ngoi c c l do electron chuyn t cc qu o ngoi v qu o
A: K B: L C: M D: N
Cu 34: Bn knh qu o dng N ca nguyn t hidro l
A: r = 8,48A
o

B: r = 4,77A
o

C: r = 13,25A
o

D: r = 2,12A
o

Cu 35: Chiu di 1,484nm
A: L bn knh qu o L ca nguyn t hidro C: L bn knh ca qu o M ca nguyn t hidro
B: L bn knh qu o N ca nguyn t hidro D: Khng phi l bn knh qu o dng ca nguyn t hidro
Cu 36: Tm pht biu ng v mu nguyn t Bor.
A:
1

31
=
1

12
.
1

23
B:
1

31
=
1

12
-
1

23
C:
1

31
=
1

12
+
1

23
D:
1

31
=
1

12
:
1

23



Trang 23
Cu 37: Hy xc nh trng thi kch thch cao nht ca cc nguyn t hir trong trng hp ngi ta ch thu c 10 vch quang ph
pht x ca nguyn t hir.
A: Trng thi O B: Trng thi N. C: Trng thi L. D: Trng thi M.
Cu 38: Nng lng cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t hidro cho bi E

n
=
-13,6
n
2

eV. Vi n= 1,2,3ng vi cc qu o K,L,M Bit
h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s. Nguyn t hidro ang thi c bn th nhn c mt photon c tn s f = 3,08.10
15

Hz, electron s
chuyn ng ra qu o dng .
A: L B: M C: N D:
Cu 39: Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hir , nu bit bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph trong dy Laiman l
1
v bc sng
ca vch k vi n trong dy ny l
2
th bc sng
o
ca vch quang ph H
o
trong dy Banme l
A:
1 2
1 2

+
B: (
1
+
2
). C: (
1

2
). D:
1 2
1 2

Cu 40: Vch quang ph c tn s nh nht trong dy Ban-me l tn s f

1
, Vch c tn s nh nht trong dy Lai-man l tn s f

2
. Vch
quang ph trong dy Lai-man sat vi vch c tn s f

2
s c tn s bao nhiu
A: f

1
+ f

2
B: f

1
.f

2
C:
f

1
.f

2
f+f

2
D:
f

1
.f

2
f

1
-f

2
.
Cu 41: Trong nguyn t hyr, xt cc mc nng lng t K n P c bao nhiu kh nng kch thch lctrn tng bn knh qu o
ln 4 ln ?
A: 1 B: 2 C: 3. D: 4

n
=
-13,6
n
2

h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s. Nguyn t ang trng thi c bn th hp th photon c nng lng c = 12,09eV. h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c =
3.10
8

m/s. Trong cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t c th c vch vi bc sng.
A: = 0,116m B: = 0,103m C: = 0,628m. D: = 0,482m
Cu 43: Mt nguyn t hir chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
M
= -1,5eV sang trng thi nng lng E
L
= -3,4ev Bc sng
ca bc x pht ra l:
A: 0,434m B: 0,486m C: 0,564 D: 0,654m

n
=
-13,6
n
2

h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s.Vch quang ph trong dy Pasen vi tn s ln nht l?
A: f = 1,59.10
14

Hz B:f = 2,46.10
15

Hz C: f = 3,65.10
14

Hz D: f = 5,24.10
15

Hz
Cu 45: Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme v Pasen ln lt l

B
= 0,6563m;

P
= 1,8821m. Bc sng ca vch H

|
l?
A: = 0,4866m B: = 0,4340 m C: = 0,5248m D: = 0,4120 m
Cu 46: Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560m. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 0,1220m. Bc sng di th hai
ca dy Laiman l:
A: 0,0528m B: 0,1029m C: 0,1112m D: 0,1211m
Cu 47: Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman l 122 nm, bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht v th hai ca
dy Banme l 0,656m v 0,4860m. Bc sng ca vch th ba trong dy Laiman l
A: 0,0224m B: 0,4324m C: 0,0975m D: 0,3672m
Cu 48: Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman l 122 nm, bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht v th hai ca
dy Banme l 0,656m v 0,4860m. Bc sng th nht trong dy Pasen l:
A: 1,8754m B: 1,3627m C: 0,9672m D:0,7645m
Cu 49: Bit nng lng ca lectron trng thi dng th n c tnh theo cng thc: eV
n
E
n 2
6 , 13
= , vi n = 1,2,3 nng lng ca
lectron qu o M l:
A: 3,4 eV. B: - 3,4 eV. C: 1,51 eV. D: - 1,51 eV.
Cu 50: Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman ca quang ph hir l 0,122 m . Tnh tn s ca bc x trn
A: 0,2459.10
14
Hz B: 2,459.10
14
Hz C: 24,59.10
14
Hz D: 245,9.10
14
Hz
Cu 51: Trong nguyn t hir, lectrn t qu o L chuyn v qu o K c nng lng E
K
= 13,6eV. Bc sng bc x pht ra
bng l =0,1218m. Mc nng lng ng vi qu o L bng :
A: 3,2eV B: 3,4eV. . 4,1eV D: 5,6eV
Cu 52: Nng lng ion ha nguyn t Hyr l 13,6eV. Bc sng ngn nht m nguyn t c th bc ra l :
A: 0,122m B: 0,0913m C: 0,0656m D: 0,5672m
Cu 53: Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J ; h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s . Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng c
nng lng E
m
= - 0,85eV sang qu o dng c nng lng E = - 13,60eV th nguyn t pht bc x in t c bc sng
A: 0,0974 m B: 0,4340 m. C: 0,4860 m. D: 0,6563 m.
Cu 54: Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s v ln ca in tch nguyn t l 1,6.10
-19
C. Khi nguyn t hir chuyn t trng thi
dng c nng lng -1,514 eV sang trang thi dng c nng lng -3,407 eV th nguyn t pht ra bc x c tn s
A: 2,571.10
13
Hz. B: 4,572.10
14
Hz C: 3,879.10
14
Hz. D: 6,542.10
12
Hz.



Trang 24

n
=
-13,6
n
2

h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s. Bc sng ca vch H

|
l?
A: = 487,1nm B: = 0,4625m C: = 5,599m D: = 0,4327m
Cu 56: Bc sng ngn nht ca vch quang ph trong quang ph ca nguyn t hidro l

min
= 91,34nm. Bit h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c =
3.10
8

m/s. Nng lng ion ha nguyn t hidro l:
A: AE = 13,6J B: 13,6. 10
-19

J D: AE = 21,76J D: AE = 21,76.10
-19

J
Cu 57: Bit nng lng nguyn t hidro mt trng thi c bn l E

1
= - 13,6eV v bc sng ca mt vch trong dy Lai -man l
121,8nm. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34

Js; c = 3.10
8

m/s. Nng lng ca nguyn t trng thi kch thch pht ra vch quang ph ni trn l:
A: E

n
= - 1,5eV B:E

n
= - 0,85eV C: E

n
= - 0,54eV D: E

n
= - 3,4eV
Cu 58: Nguyn t hidro ang trng thi c bn c nng lng E

1
= - 13,6eV. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34

Js v c = 3.10
8

m/s. Mun ion ha th
nguyn t phi hp th photon c bc sng
A: 0,122m B: 0,122m C: 0,091m D: 0,091m
Cu 59: Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hiro, ba vch u tin trong dy Lai man c bc sng 1
= 121,6 nm; 2
= 102,6 nm; 3

= 97,3 nm. Bc sng ca hai vch u tin trong dy Ban me l
A: 686,6 nm v 447,4 nm. B: 660,3 nm v 440,2 nm. C: 624,6nm v 422,5 nm. D: 656,6 nm v 486,9 nm.
Cu 60: Trong quang ph ca nguyn t Hyr, vch c tn s nh nht ca dy Laiman l f
1
=8,22.10
14
Hz,

vch c

tn s ln nht
ca dy Banme l f
2
= 2,46.10
15
Hz. Nng lng cn thit ion ho nguyn t Hyr t trng thi c bn l:
A: E ~ 21,74.10
-19
J. B: E ~ 16.10
- 19
J. C: E ~ 13,6.10
- 19
J. D: E~10,85.10
-19
J
Cu 61: Mc nng lng E
n
trong nguyn t hir c xc nh E
n
=
2
0
n
E
(trong n l s nguyn dng, E
0
l nng lng ng vi trng
thi c bn). Khi lectron nhy t qu o L v qu o K th nguyn t hir pht ra bc x c bc sng
0
. Bc sng ca vch
H l:
A: 5,4 .
0
B: 3,2 .
0
C: 4,8 .
0
D: 1,5 .
0

Cu 62: Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman; Banme; Pasen ln lt l 0,122m; 0,656m; 1,875m. Bc sng di th hai ca dy
Laiman v Banme l
A: 0,103m v 0,486 B: 0,103m v 0,472m C: 0,112m v 0,486m D: 0,112m v 0,472m
Cu 63: Trong nguyn t hir , bn knh Bo l r
0
= 5,3.10
-11
m. Sau khi nguyn t hir bc x ra phtn ng vi vch (vch H
o
) th
bn knh qu o chuyn ng ca lctrn trong nguyn t gim
A: 13,6nm. B: 0,47nm. C: 0,265nm. D: 0,75nm.
Cu 64: Vch quang ph u tin ca dy Laiman, Banme v Pasen trong quang ph nguyn t hir c tn s ln lt l
24,5902.10
14
Hz; 4,5711.10
14
Hz v 1,5999.10
14
Hz. Nng lng ca phtn ng vi vch th 3 trong dy Laiman l
A: 20,379 J B: 20,379 eV C: 12,737 eV D: p n khc.
Cu 65: Bit vch th hai ca dy Lyman trong quang ph ca nguyn t hir c bc sng l 102,6nm v nng lng ti thiu cn
thit bt lectron ra khi nguyn t t trng thi c bn l 13,6eV. Bc sng ngn nht ca vch quang ph trong dy Pasen l
A: 83,2nm B: 0,8321m C: 1,2818m D: 752,3nm
Cu 66: Trong quang ph vch ca hyro, bc sng ca vch th nht trong dy Laiman ng vi s chuyn ca lectron t qu o L
v qu o K l 0,1217 m, vch th nht ca dy Banme l 0,6563 m. Bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai trong dy Laiman l
A: 0,5346 m B: 0,7780 m C: 0,1027 m D: 0,3890 m
Cu 67: Cc mc nng lng trong nguyn t Hyr c xc nh theo cng thc eV
n
E
2
6 , 13
= (n = 1,2,3....). Nguyn t Hyr
ang trng thi c bn s hp th phtn c nng lng bng
A: 6,00eV B: 8,27eV C: 12,75eV D: 13,12eV.
Cu 68: (C 2007): Trong quang ph vch ca hir (quang ph ca hir), bc sng ca vch th nht trong dy Laiman ng vi s
chuyn ca lectrn (lectron) t qu o L v qu o K l 0,1217 m , vch th nht ca dy Banme ng vi s chuyn M L l
0,6563 m . Bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai trong dy Laiman ng vi s chuyn M K bng
A: 0,1027 m . B: 0,5346 m . C: 0,7780 m . D: 0,3890 m .
Cu 69: (C 2007): mt nhit nht nh, nu mt m hi c kh nng pht ra hai nh sng n sc c bc sng tng ng
1
v
2
(vi <
2
) th n cng c kh nng hp th
A: mi nh sng n sc c bc sng nh hn
1
. B: mi nh sng n sc c bc sng trong khong t
1
n
2
.
C: hai nh sng n sc . D: mi nh sng n sc c bc sng ln hn
2
.
Cu 70: (H 2007): Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J; h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s. Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir chuyn t
qu o dng c nng lng Em = - 0,85eV sang qu o dng c nng lng En = - 13,60eV th nguyn t pht bc x in t c bc
sng
A: 0,4340 m. B: 0,4860 m. C: 0,0974 m. D: 0,6563 m
Cu 71: (H 2008):Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hir , nu bit bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph trong dy Laiman l
1
v
bc sng ca vch k vi n trong dy ny l
2
th bc sng
o
ca vch quang ph H
o
trong dy Banme l
A: (
1
+
2
). B:
1 2
1 2

. C: (
1

2
). D:
1 2
1 2

+



Trang 25
Cu 72: (H 2008):Trong nguyn t hir , bn knh Bo l r
0
= 5,3.10
-11
m. Bn knh qu o dng N l
A: 47,7.10
-11
m. B: 21,2.10
-11
m. C: 84,8.10
-11
m. D: 132,5.10
-11
m.
Cu 73: (C - 2009) Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph trong dy Lai-man v trong
dy Ban-me ln lt l
1
v
2
. Bc sng di th hai thuc dy Lai-man c gi tr l
A:
1 2
1 2
2( )

+
. B:
1 2
1 2

+
. C:
1 2
1 2

. D:
1 2
2 1

.
Cu 74: (H 2009) Nguyn t hit trng thi c bn c mc nng lng bng -13,6 eV. chuyn ln trng thi dng c mc
nng lng -3,4 eV th nguyn t hir phi hp th mt phtn c nng lng
A: 10,2 eV. B: -10,2 eV. C: 17 eV. D: 4 eV.
Cu 75: (H 2009) Mt m nguyn t hir ang trng thi kch thch m lectron chuyn ng trn qu o dng N. Khi lectron
chuyn v cc qu o dng bn trong th quang ph vch pht x ca m nguyn t c bao nhiu vch?
A: 3. B: 1. C: 6. D: 4.
Cu 76: (H 2009) i vi nguyn t hir, khi lectron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc
sng 0,1026 m. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C v c = 3.10
8
m/s. Nng lng ca phtn ny bng
A: 1,21 eV B: 11,2 eV. C: 12,1 eV. D: 121 eV.
Cu 77: (H - 2010)Khi lectron qu o dng th n th nng lng ca nguyn t hir c tnh theo cng thc -
2
6 , 13
n
(eV) (n =
1, 2, 3,). Khi lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng n = 3 sang qu o dng n = 2 th nguyn t hir pht ra phtn
ng vi bc x c bc sng bng
A: 0,4350 m. B: 0,4861 m. C: 0,6576 m. D: 0,4102 m.
Cu 78: (H - 2010)Theo tin ca Bo, khi lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o L sang qu o K th nguyn t pht ra
phtn c bc sng
21
, khi lectron chuyn t qu o M sang qu o L th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng
32
v khi lectron
chuyn t qu o M sang qu o K th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng
31
. Biu thc xc nh
31
l
A:
31
=
31 21
21 32

. B:
31
=
32
-
21
. C:
31
=
32
+
21
. D:
31
=
31 21
21 32

+
.
Cu 79: (H - 2010)Nguyn t hir chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
= -1,5 eV sang trng thi dng c nng lng E
m
= -
3,4 eV. Bc sng ca bc x m nguyn t hir pht ra xp x bng
A: 0,654.10
-7
m. B: 0,654.10
-6
m. C: 0,654.10
-5
m. D: 0,654.10
-4
m.
Cu 80: (H - 2011) Trong nguyn t hir, bn knh Bo l r
0
= 5,3.10
-11
m. mt trng thi kch thch ca nguyn t hir, lectron
chuyn ng trn qu o dng c bn knh l r = 2,12.10
-10
m. Qu o c tn gi l qu o dng
A: N. B: M. C: O. D: L.
Cu 81: (H - 2011) Khi lectron qu o dng th n th nng lng ca nguyn t hir c xc nh bi cng thc
n 2
13, 6
E (eV)
n
= (vi n = 1, 2, 3, ...). Khi lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng n = 3 v qu o dng n = 1 th
nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng
1
. Khi lectron chuyn t qu o dng n = 5 v qu o dng n = 2 th nguyn t pht ra phtn c
bc sng
2
. Mi lin h gia hai bc sng
1
v
2
l
A:
2
= 4
1
B: 27
2
= 128
1
. C: 189
2
= 800
1
. D:
2
= 5
1
.

BI 5: HIN TNG QUANG - PHT QUANG; TIA LAZE
1. HIN TNG QUANG - PHT QUANG
A. nh ngha
- Mt s cht c kh nng hp th nh sng c bc sng ny pht ra nh
sng c bc sng khc. Hin tng trn gi l hin tng quang - pht
quang.
- V d: Chiu tia t ngoi vo dung dch fluorexein th dung dch ny s pht
ra nh sng mu lc. Trong tia t ngoi l nh sng kch thch cn nh
sng mu lc l nh sng pht quang.
- Ngoi hin tng quang - pht quang ta cn cp n mt s hin tng
quang khc nh: ha - pht quang ( om m); pht quang ca tt ( n
hnh ti vi); in - Pht quang ( n LED)
B. Phn loi quang pht quang

Hunh quang Ln quang



Trang 26
S pht quang ca cc cht lng v kh c c im l nh
sng pht quang b tt nhanh sau khi tt nh sng kch
thch. Gi l hin tng hunh quang
S pht quang ca nhiu cht rn li c c im l
nh sng pht quang c th ko di mt khong thi
gian no sau khi tt nh sng kch thch. S pht
quang trn gi l hin tng ln quang.
- nh sng hunh quang c bc sng di hn bc
sng ca nh sng kch thch

- Mt s loi sn xanh, , vng lc quyets trn cc
bin bo giao thng hoc u cc cc ch gii
ng l cc cht ln quang c thi gian ko di
khong vi phn mi giy.
nh lut Stock v hin tng pht quang:

k
<

p

- Nng lng mt mt trong qu trnh hp th ph tn : Ac = hf

kt
- hf

hq
=
hc

k
-
hc

p
= hc.
(
(
1

k
-
1

p

- Cng thc hiu sut pht quang: H =
P

p
P

k
.100% =
n

p
.

k
n

k
.

p
.100%

2. LASER ( LAZE)

A. nh ngha laser
- Laze l mt ngun sng pht ra mt
chm sng cng ln da trn hin
tng pht x cm ng.

- S pht x cm ng: Nu mt nguyn t ang trong trng thi kch thch sn sng pht ra mt photon c nng lng c = hf,
bt gp mt photon c nng lng c ng bng hf, bay lt qua n, th lp tc nguyn t ny cng pht ra photon c. Photon c c
cng nng lng v bay cng phng vi photon c. Ngoi ra, sng in t ng v photon c hon ton cng pha v dao ng
trong mt phng song song vi mt phng dao ng ca sng in t ng vi photon c.
- c im ca tia laze.
Tnh n sc cao v ( c cng nng lng ng vi sng in t c cng bc sng)
Tnh nh hng rt cao ( bay theo cng mt phng)
Tnh kt hp cao ( cung pha )
Cng ca chumg sng rt ln( s ph tn bay theo cng mt hng rt ln)
- ng dng ca tia laze:
Trong y hc dng lm dao m trong cc phu thut tinh vi
Thng tin lin lc ( v tuyn nh v, lin lc v tinh)
Trong cng nghip dng khoan ct, ti chnh xc
Trong trc a dng o khong cch, tam gic c.
Laze cn dng trong cc u c a .

3. HIN TNG QUANG IN TRONG

A. Quang in trong: Hin tng nh sng gii phng cc e lin kt cho chng tr thnh cc electron dn ng thi to ra cc l
trng cng tham gia vo qu trnh dn in gi l hin tng quang in trong
B. Cht quang dn: hin tng gim in tr sut, tc l tng dn in ca bn dn, khi c nh sng thch hp chiu vo gi l
hin tng quang dn.

Cht

o
( m)
Ge 1.88
Si 1,11
PbS 4,14
CdS 0,9
PbSe 5,65



Trang 27
C. Pin quang in: l pin chy bng
nng lng nh sng n bin i
trc tip quang nng thnh in
nng. Pin hot ng da vo hin
tng quang in trong ca mt
s cht bn dn nh ng oxit,
Selen, Silic.

+
_
in cc
trong sut
Bn dn loi
p
Bn dn loi
n
in cc

D. Quang in tr: L mt tm bn
dn c gi tr in tr thay i
khi cng chm sng chiu
vo n thay i

2
1
3 3
4
6
5
4
R
G

BI TP MU

V d 1: Trong cc hin tng sau: hin tng no l hin tng quang - pht quang?
A. Than ang chy hng B. om m nhp nhy C. Mn hnh ti vi sng D. n ng sng
Hng dn:
[ ] p n D
- Than chy hng l ngun sng do phn ng t chy
- om m nhp nhy l hin tng ha pht quang
- Mn hnh ti vi l hin tng pht quang ca tt
- n ng sang l hin tng quang pht quang.

V d 2: Mt cht pht quang c kh nng pht ra nh sng c bc sng

p
= 0,7 m. Hi nu chiu vo nh sng no di y th
s khng th gy ra hin tng pht quang?
A. 0,6 m B. 0,55 m C. 0,68 m D. Hng ngoi
Hng dn:
[ ] p n D
Theo nh lut Stock v hin tng pht quang ta c

k

p
= 0,7 m
Ch c tia Hng ngoi c

hng ngoi
>

p
= 0,7 m Khng c hin tng quang pht quang sy ra
V d 3: Mt cht pht quang c th pht ra nh pht quang mu tm. Hi nu chiu ln lt tng bc x sau, bc x no c th gy
ra hin tng pht quang?
A. B. T ngoi C. Chm D. Lc
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n B
Theo nh lut Stock v hin tng pht quang ta c

k

p

Ch c

t ngoi
<

tm

V d 4: Mt vt c th pht ra nh sng pht quang mu vi bc sng = 0.7 m. Hi nu chiu vt trn bng bc x c bc
sng = 0,6 m th mi ph ton c hp th v pht ra th phn nng lng tiu hao l bao nhiu?
A. 0,5 MeV B. 0, 432 eV C. 0,296 eV D. 0,5 eV
Hng dn:
[ ]
p n C



Trang 28
Ta c: Ac = c

k
- c

p
=
hc

k
-
hc

p
= hc (
1

k
-
1

p
) = 6,625.10
-34

.3.10
8

(
1
0,6.10
-6

-
1
0,7.10
-6

) = 4,73.10
-20

J = 0,296 eV

BI TP THC HNH
Cu 1: S pht sng ca ngun sng no di y l s pht quang?
A: Bng n xe my. B: Hn than hng. C: n LED D: Ngi sao bng.
Cu 2: Mt cht pht quang c kh nng pht ra nh sng mu vng lc khi c kch thch pht sng. Hi khi chiu vo cht nh
sng n sc no di y th cht s pht quang?
A: LC: B: Vng. C: Da cam. D: .
Cu 3: nh sng pht quang ca mt cht c bc sng 0,5 . m Hi nu chiu vo cht nh sng c bc sng no di y th n
s khng pht quang?
A: 0,3m B: 0,4m C: 0,5m D: 0,6 m
Cu 4: Trong hin tng quang Pht quang, c s hp th nh sng lm g?
A. to ra dng in trong chn khng. C: thay i in tr ca vt.
B. lm nng vt. D: lm cho vt pht sng.
Cu 5: Trong hin tng quang Pht quang, s hp th hon ton mt phtn s a n:
A. s gii phng mt lectron t do. C: s gii phng mt lectron lin kt.
B. s gii phng mt cp lectron vo l trng. D: s pht ra mt phtn khc
Cu 6: Hin tng quang Pht quang c th xy ra khi phtn b
A: lectron dn trong km hp th. B: lectron lin kt trong CdS hp th.
C: phn t cht dip lc hp th. D: hp th trong c ba trng hp trn.
Cu 7: Khi xt s pht quang ca mt cht lng v mt cht rn.
A: C hai trng hp pht quang u l hunh quang.
B: C hai trng hp pht quang u l ln quang.
C: S pht quang ca cht lng l hunh quang, ca cht rn l ln quang.
D: S pht quang ca cht lng l ln quang, ca cht rn l hunh quang.
Cu 8: Trong trng hp no di y c s quang Pht quang?
A: Ta nhn thy mu xanh ca mt bin qung co lc ban ngy.
B: Ta nhn thy nh sng lc pht ra t u cc cc tiu trn ng ni khi c nh sng n t chiu vo.
C: Ta nhn thy nh sng ca mt ngn n ng.
D: Ta nhn thy nh sng ca mt tm knh .
Cu 9: Nu nh sng kch thch l nh sng mu lam th nh sng hunh quang khng th l nh sng no di y?
A: nh sng . B: nh sng lc C: nh sng lam. D: nh sng chm.
Cu 10: Chn cu ng. nh sng hunh quang l :
A: tn ti mt thi gian sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
B: hu nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch
C: c bc sng nhnh hn bc sng nh sng kch thch.
D: do cc tinh th pht ra, sau khi c kch thch bng nh sng thch hp.
Cu 11: Chn cu ng. nh sng ln quang l :
A: c pht ra bi cht rn, cht lng ln cht kh. B: hu nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
C: c th tn ti rt lu sau khi tt nh sng kch thch D: c bc sng nh hn bc sng nh sng kch thch.
Cu 12: Chn cu sai :
A: Hunh quang l s pht quang c thi gian pht quang ngn (di 10
-8
s).
B: Ln quang l s pht quang c thi gian pht quang di (t 10
-6
s tr ln).
C: Bc sng nh sng pht quang bao gi nh hn bc sng ca nh sng hp th <
D: Bc sng nh sng pht quang bao gi cng ln hn bc sng ca nh sng hp th
Cu 13: S pht sng ca vt no di y l s pht quang ?
A: Tia la in B: H quang C: Bng n ng D: Bng n pin
Cu 14: Pht biu no sau y l sai khi ni v s pht quang?
A: S hunh quang thng xy ra i vi cc cht lng v cht kh.
B: S ln quang thng xy ra i vi cc cht rn.
C: Bc sng ca nh sng pht quang bao gi cng ln hn bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
D: Bc sng ca nh sng pht quang bao gi cng nh hn bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
Cu 15: Trong trng hp no di dy c s quang pht quang ?
A: Ta nhn thy mu xanh ca mt bin qung co lc ban ngy
B: Ta nhn thy nh sng lc pht ra t u cc cc tiu trn ng ni khi c nh sng n -t chiu vo
C: Ta nhn thy nh sng ca mt ngn n ng
D: Ta nhn thy nh sng ca mt tm knh
Cu 16: Chn cu ng?
A. Tia hng ngoi ch c th gy ra hin tng pht quang vi mt s cht kh
B. Bc sng ca nh sng ln quang nh hn bc sng ca nh sng kch thch



Trang 29
C. nh sng ln quang tt ngay khi ngng ngun sng kch thch
D. Pht quang l hin tng trong xy ra s hp th nh sng.
Cu 17: nh sng kch thch c bc sng = 0,5 m khi chiu vo cht pht quang c th to ra nh sng pht quang c bc sng
no sau y?
A: 0,4m B: 0,45m C: 0,55m D: 0,43m
Cu 18: nh sng kch thch c bc sng = 0,5 m khi chiu vo cht pht quang khng th to ra nh sng pht quang c bc
sng no sau y?
A: 0,4m B: 0,55m C: 0,65m D: 0,53m
Cu 19: S pht sng no sau y khng phi l s pht quang?
A: nh trng B: n Led C: om m D: n ng
Cu 20: Mt cht c kh nng pht ra nh sng tm khi b kch thch. Hi khi chiu vo cht trn bc x no th c th gy ra hin
tng pht quang.
A: Tia vng B: Tia C: Tia lc D: T ngoi
Cu 21: Mt nh sng pht quang c tn s 6.10
14

Hz. Hi bc x c tn s no s khng gy ra c hin tng pht quang?
A: 5.10
14

Hz B:6.10
14

Hz C: 6,5.10
14

Hz D: 6,4.10
14

Hz
Cu 22: Ta thng thy cc ct mc bn ng sn cht pht quang mu thay v mu tm v?
A. Mu d pht quang B: Mu p
B. Mu t tn km hn D: D phn bit vi cc mu khc
Cu 23: Trng hin tng quang pht quang lun c s hp th hon ton mt pho tn v
A. Gii phng ra mt pho tn c nng lng nh hn
B. Lm bt ra mt e khi b mt kim loi
C. Gii phng mt ph ton c nn lng ln hn
D. Gii phng mt pho tn c tn s ln hn.
Cu 24: Mt cht c kh nng pht ra mt ph tn c bc sng 0,5m khi b chiu sng bi mt bc x 0,4m. Tm nng lng b
mt i trong qu trnh trn:
A: 9,9375.10
-20

J B: 1,25. 10
-19

C: 2,99.10
-20

J D: 8.10
-20

J
Cu 25: Mt cht c kh nng pht ra bc x c bc sng 0,5m khi b chiu sng bi bc x 0,3m. Bit rng cng sut ca chm
sng pht quang ch bng 0,1 cng sut ca chm sng kch thch. Hy tm t l gia s ph tn bt ra v ph ton chiu ti?
A: 0,667 B: 0,001667 C: 0,1667 D: 1,67
Cu 26: Mt cht c kh nng bc x c bc sng 0,5m khi b chiu sng bi bc x 0,3m. Gi P

o
l cng sut chm sng kch
thch v bit rng c 600 photon chiu ti s c 1 photon bt rA: Cng sut ca chm sng pht ra theo P

o
l:
A: 0,1P

o
B: 0,01P

o
C: 0,001P

o
D: 100P

o

Cu 27: Nu nh sng kch thch l nh sng mu lam th nh sng hunh quang khng th l nh sng no sau y?
A: B: Lc C: Lam D: Chm
Cu 28: S pht sng no di y l s pht quang
A: Tia la in B: H quang C: Bng n ng D: Bng n pin
Cu 29: Nu chiu tia t ngoi vo dung dch flurexein th ta thy dung dch trn s pht ra nh sng mu lC: Hin tng trn gi l
A: in pht quang B: ha pht quang C: quang - pht quang D: pht quang catot
Cu 30: Chm sng do laze rubi pht ra c mu g?
A: Trng B: xanh C: D: vng
Cu 31: Bt laze m ta thng dng ch bng thuc loi laze no?
A: Kh B: Lng C: Rn D: Bn dn
Cu 32: Laze l my khuych i nh sng da trn hin tng
A: Quang pht quang B: Quang dn C: Quang in ngoi D: Pht x cm ng
Cu 33: Trong cc ng dng sau, laze khng c dng lm g?
A: Thng tin lin lc B: S dng trong y t
C: ng dng trong cng nghip D: Si m cho cy trng
Cu 34: Chn cu sai? Tia laze
A: C tnh n sc rt cao B: L chm sng kt hp
C: L chm sng hi t D: C cng ln
Cu 35: Trong laze rubi c s bin i ca dng nng lng no di y thnh quang nng ?
A: in nng B: C nng C: Nhit nng D: Quang nng
Cu 36: Tia laze khng c c im no di y?
A: n sc cao. B: nh hng cao. C: Cng ln. D: Cng sut ln.
Cu 37: Hy chn cu ng. Hiu sut ca mt laze
A: Nh hn 1. B: Bng 1. C: Ln hn 1. D: Rt ln so vi 1.
Cu 38: S pht x cm ng l g?
A. l s pht ra phtn bi mt nguyn t.
B. l s pht x ca mt nguyn t trng thi kch thch di tc dng ca mt in t trng c cng tn s.
C. l s pht x ng thi ca hai nguyn t c tng tc ln nhau.
D. l s pht x ca mt nguyn t trng thi kch thch, nu hp th thm mt phtn c cng tn s
Cu 39: Mu ca rubi do ion no pht ra?
A: Ion nhm. B: Ion xi. C: Ion crm. D: Cc ion khc
Cu 40: Chm sng do laze rubi pht ra c mu:



Trang 30
A: trng. B: xanh. C: D: vng.
Cu 41: Bt laze m ta thng dng ch bng thuc loi laze no?
A: Kh. B: Lng. C: Rn. D: Bn dn
Cu 42: Khi chiu vo cht pht quang nh sng n sc mu cam th n ch c th pht ra nh sng n sc mu
A: Vng B: Cam C: Lc D:
Cu 43: nh sng pht quang ca mt cht c bc sng 0,65m. Cht s khng pht quang nu chiu va nh sng c bc
sng?
A: = 0,43m B: 0,68 C: 0,54m D: 0,6m
Cu 44: S pht sng ca cc vt sau khng phi l s pht quang?
A: Bp than B: Mn hnh tivi C: n ng D: Bin bo giao thng
Cu 45: Chn cu sai? Ln quang
A. l hin tng quang pht quang
B. xy ra vi cht rn
C. c thi gian pht quang di hn 10
-8

s tr ln
D. C bc sng nh sng pht quang ngn hn bc sng nh sng kch thch : < .
Cu 46: Chn cu ng? Hunh quang
A: C thi gian pht quang di hn 10
-8

s tr ln C: Xy ra vi cht lng v cht kh
B: Xy ra vi cht rn v cht lng D:Xy ra ch vi cht lng
Cu 47: Chn cu sai?
A: S pht quang l hin tng vt cht hp th nng lng di dng no ri pht ra cc bc x in t trong min nh sng
nhn thy.
B: S pht quang xy ra nhit bnh thng
C: Cc cht pht quang khc nhau cng nhit cng pht ra quang ph nh nhau
D: Sau khi ngng kch thch, s pht quang ca mt s cht cn tip tc ko di thm mt khong thi gian na
Cu 48: Hin tng quang in trong l hin tng.
A: Bt electron ra khi b mt kim loi khi b chiu sng.
B: Gii phng electron khi kim loi bng cch t nng.
C: Gii phng electron khi mi lin kt trong bn dn khi b chiu sng.
D: Gii phng electron khi bn dn bng cch bn ph ion.
Cu 49: Tm pht biu ng?
A: nh sng gy ra hin tng quang in trong c bc sng nh hn nh sng gy ra hin tng quang in ngoi.
B: nh sng gy ra hin tng quang in trong c tn s ln hn tn s ca nh sng gy ra hin tng quang in ngoi
C: nh sng gy ra hin tng quang in trong c nng lng ln hn nh sng gy ra hin tng quang in ngoi
D: Khng c pht biu ng.
Cu 50: Chn cu ng.
A: Hin tng in tr ca cht bn dn gim khi b nung nng gi l hin tng quang dn.
B: Hin tng quang dn l hin tng dn in bng cp quang.
C: Pin quang in l thit b thu nhit ca nh sng mt tri.
D: Hin tng nh sng gii phng cc electron lin kt cho chng tr thnh cc electron dn gi l hin tng quang in
trong.
Cu 51: Dng c no di y c ch to khng da trn hin tng quang in trong?
A: Quang in tr. B: Pin quang in.
C: T bo quang in chn khng D: Pin mt tri.
Cu 52: Chn cu tr li sai khi ni v hin tng quang in v quang dn:
A: u c bc sng gii hn
0
.
B: u bt c cc lectron ra khi khi cht .
C: Bc sng gii hn ca hin tng quang in bn trong c th thuc vng hng ngoi.
D: Nng lng cn gii phng lectron trong khi bn dn nh hn cng thot ca letron khi kim loi.
Cu 53: Chn cu sai khi ni v hin tng quang dn
A: L hin tng gim mnh in tr ca bn dn khi b chiu sng.
B: Mi phtn nh sng b hp th s gii phng mt electron lin kt n tr thnh mt electron dn.
C: Cc l trng tham gia vo qu trnh dn in.
D: Nng lng cn bt electrn ra khi lin kt trong bn dn thng ln nn ch cc phtn trong vng t ngoi mi c th
gy ra hin tng quang dn.
Cu 54: Hin tng quang dn l
A: Hin tng mt cht b pht quang khi b chiu nh sng vo.
B: Hin tng mt cht b nng ln khi chiu nh sng vo.
C: Hin tng gim in tr ca cht bn dn khi chiu nh sng vo.
D: S truyn sng nh sng bng si cp quang.
Cu 55: Hin tng quang in trong l hin tng
A: Gii phng electron khi mi lin kt trong bn dn khi b chiu sng.
B: Bt electron ra khi b mt kim loi khi b chiu sng.
C: Gii phng electron khi kim loi bng cch t nng.
D: Gii phng electron khi bn dn bng cch bn ph ion.



Trang 31
Cu 56: Chn cu ng. Pin quang in l ngun in trong :
A: Quang nng c trc tip bin i thnh in nng.
B: Nng lng Mt Tri c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
C: Mt t bo quang in c dng lm my pht in.
D: Mt quang in tr, khi c chiu sng, th tr thnh my pht in
Cu 57: Chn phng n sai khi so snh hin tng quang in bn trong v hin tng quang in ngoi.
A: C hai hin tng u do cc phtn ca nh sng chiu vo v lm bt electron.
B:C hai hin tngch xy ra khi bc sng nh sng kch thch nh hn bc sng gii hn.
C: Gii hn quang in trong ln hn ca gii hn quang in ngoi.
D: C hai hin tng electrn c gii phng thot khi khi cht.
Cu 58: Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v hin tng quang pht quang?
A. Hin tng quang pht quang l hin tng mt s cht pht sng khi b nung nng.
B. Hunh quang l s pht quang ca cht rn, nh sng pht quang c th ko di mt khong thi gian no sau khi tt nh
sng kch thch.
C. nh sng pht quang c tn s ln hn nh sng kch thch.
D. S pht sng ca n ng l hin tng quang pht quang.
Cu 59: 1 phtn c nng lng 1,79eV bay qua 2 nguyn t c mc kch thch 1,79eV, nm trn cng phng ca phtn ti. Cc
nguyn t ny c th trng thi c bn hoc trng thi kch thch. Gi x l s phtn c th thu c sau , theo phng ca phton
ti. Cu sai l
A: x = 0 B: x = 1 C: x = 2 D: x = 3
Cu 60: Dung dch Fluorxin hp th nh sng c bc sng 0,49m v pht ra nh sng c bc sng 0,52m. ngi ta gi hiu
sut ca s pht quang l t s gia nng lng nh sng pht quang v nng lng nh sng hp th. Bit hiu sut ca s pht quang
ca dung dch Fluorxin l 75%. S phn trm ca phtn b hp th dn n s pht quang ca dung dch l
A: 82,7% B: 79,6% C: 75,0% D: 66,8%
Cu 61: Chn pht biu ng
A. Hin tng mt s cht c kh nng hp th nh sng c bc sng ny ri pht ra nh sng c bc sng khc gi l s
pht quang(

p
>

k
).
B. Hunh quang l hin tng m nh sng pht quang tt ngay khi ngng nh sng kch thch. N thng xy ra vi cht lng
hoc cht kh.
C. Ln quang l hin tng m nh sng pht quang cn ko di vi giy, n hng gi ( ty theo cht) sau khi tt nh sng kch
thch. N thng xy ra vi cc vt rn.
D. C ba trn.
Cu 62: Mt vt c kh nng pht quang nh sng c bc sng
1
= 0,5(m), vt khng th hp th nh sng c bc sng
2
no
sau y?
A:
2
= 0,3(m) B:
2
= 0,4(m) C:
2
= 0,48(m) D:
2
= 0,58(m)
Cu 63: nh sng ln quang l nh sng
A: c pht ra bi c cht rn, lng v kh.
B: C th tn ti trong thi gian di hn 10
-8
s sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
C: C tn s ln hn tn s ca nh sng kch thch.
D: Hu nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
Cu 64: Mt cht pht quang c kh nng pht ra nh sng mu lc khi c kch thch pht sng. khi chiu vo cht nh sng n
sc no di y th n s pht quang?
A: Lc: B: Vng. C: Lam D: Da cam.
Cu 65: Mt cht c kh nng pht quang nh sng mu v mu lc. Nu dng tia t ngoi kch thch s pht quang ca cht
th nh sng pht quang c th c mu no?
A: Mu lam. B: Mu . C: Mu vng D: Mu lc.
Cu 66: (C - 2009): Khi chiu vo mt cht lng nh sng chm th nh sng hunh quang pht ra khng th l
A: nh sng tm. B: nh sng vng. C: nh sng . D: nh sng lc.
Cu 67: (H - 2010)Mt cht c kh nng pht ra nh sng pht quang vi tn s f = 6.10
14
Hz. Khi dng nh sng c bc sng no
di y kch thch th cht ny khng th pht quang?
A: 0,55 m. B: 0,45 m. C: 0,38 m. D: 0,40 m.
Cu 68: (H - 2010)Khi chiu chm tia t ngoi vo mt ng nghim ng dung dch fluorexin th thy dung dch ny pht ra nh
sng mu lc. l hin tng
A: phn x nh sng. B: quang - pht quang. C: ha - pht quang. D: tn sc nh sng.
Cu 69: (H - 2011) Mt cht pht quang c kch thch bng nh sng c bc sng 0,26 m th pht ra nh sng c bc sng
0,52 m. Gi s cng sut ca chm sng pht quang bng 20% cng sut ca chm sng kch thch. T s gia s phtn nh sng pht
quang v s phtn nh sng kch thch trong cng mt khong thi gian l
A: 2/5 B: 4/5 C: 1/5 D: 1/10

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