Chuyn 1: NGUYN T - BTH LIN KT HO HC *i hc khi A - 07 Cu 1: Dy gm cc ion X+, Y- v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6 l: A. Li+, F-, Ne. B.

B. Na+, F-, Ne. + C. K , Cl , Ar. D. Na+, Cl-, Ar. Cu 2: Anion X v cation Y2+ u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l: A. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA ; Y c s th t 20, chu k 3, nhm IIA B. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA ; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA C. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA ; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA D. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA ; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA *i hc khi B - 07 Cu 3: Trong hp cht ion XY (X l kim loi, Y l phi kim), s electron ca cation bng s electron ca anion v tng s electron trong XY l 20. Bit trong mi hp cht, Y ch c mt mc oxi ha duy nht. Cng thc XY l A. AlN. B. MgO. C. LiF. D. NaF. Cu 4: Trong mt nhm A (phn nhm chnh), tr nhm VIIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VIII), theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t th A. tnh phi kim gim dn, bn knh nguyn t tng dn. B. tnh kim loi tng dn, m in tng dn. C. m in gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn. D. tnh kim loi tng dn, bn knh nguyn t gim dn. *Cao ng khi A,B - 07 Cu 5: Cho cc nguyn t M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) v R (Z = 19). m in ca cc nguyn t tng dn theo th t A. M < X < Y < R. B. Y < M < X < R. C. M < X < R < Y. D. R < M < X < Y. Cu 6: Trong t nhin, nguyn t ng c hai ng v l 6329Cu v 65 29Cu. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ng l 63,54. Thnh phn phn trm tng s nguyn t ca ng v 6329Cu l A. 27%. B. 73%. C. 50%. D. 54%. *i hc khi A - 08 Cu 7: Hp cht trong phn t c lin kt ion l A. NH4Cl. B. NH3. C. HCl. D. H2O. Cu 8: Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: 3Li, 8O, 9F, 11Na c xp theo th t tng dn t tri sang phi l A. F, O, Li, Na. B. F, Na, O, Li. C. F, Li, O, Na. D. Li, Na, O, F. *i hc khi B - 08 Cu9: Dy cc nguyn t sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh phi kim t tri sang phi l: A. P, N, F, O. B. N, P, F, O. C. P, N, O, F. D. N, P, O, F. Cu 10: Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH3. Trong oxit m R c ho tr cao nht th oxi chim 74,07% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l A. S. B. As. C. N. D. P. *Cao ng khi A,B - 08 Cu 11: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p63s23p64s1, nguyn t ca nguyn t Y c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p5. Lin kt ho hc gia nguyn t X v nguyn t Y thuc loi lin kt A. kim loi. B. cng ho tr. C. ion. D. cho nhn. *Bi tp t luyn Cu 1: ng c 2 ng v 63Cu (69,1%) v 65Cu. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ng l: A. 64, 000(u) B. 63,542(u)

C. 64,382(u) D. 63,618(u) Cu 2: ng c 2 ng v 63Cu v 65Cu. T l % ca ng v 65Cu l bao nhiu. Bit rng nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Cu l 63,5(u) A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 90% Cu 3 Mt nguyn t X c tng s ht p,n,e bng 40.Trong tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht khng mang in l 12 ht. S khi ca nguyn t X l: A. 13 B. 40 C. 14 D. 27 Cu 4: Nguyn t ca nguyn t R c tng s ht p,n,e bng 34, hiu s ht ntron v electron bng 1. Vy s e c thn ca R l:A. 3 B. 4 C. 2 D. 1 Cu 5: Tng s ht p,n,e ca mt nguyn t bng 155. S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 33. S khi ca nguyn t : A. 108 B. 14 C. 188 D. 150 Cu 6: Ngt ca ngt R c 4 lp e, lp ngoi cng c 1e. Vy s hiu ngt ca ngt R l A. 15 B. 16 C. 14 D. 19 Cu 7: S ntron ca cc nguyn t sau: lt l A. 6,7,8 B. 6,8,7
1 2 6 1 2 6

X ,14 Y ,14 Z . ln 7 6
D. 12,14,14

C. 6,7,6
1 4 7 1 4 6

Cu 8: Cho cc ngt sau:

X , Y , Z . Tng s ht p,n,e ca

mi nguyn t ln lt l A. 18,21,20 B. 18,20,21 C. 12,14,14 D. 12,14,20 Cu 9: Nguyn t X c tng s ht p,n,e l 52 v s khi l 35. Cu hnh electron ca X l A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 2 2 6 2 4 C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p64s2 3d105s2 4p3
45

Cu 10Mt nguyn t c k hiu l 21 , cu hnh electron ca nguyn t X l a 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d1. b 1s22s22p63s23p63d14s2. c 1s22s22p63s23p63d3. d 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d1 Cu11: Tng s P,N,E ca nguyn t nguyn t X l10. S khi ca nguyn t nguyn t X l: A. 6 B. 8 C.9 D.7 Cu12: Nguyn t Y c tng s ht bng 58, s notron gn bng s proton. Y c s khi l: A. 40 B. 38 C.39 D. kt qu khc Cu13: Nguyn t M c phn lp mc nng lng cao nht l 3d7. Tng s electron ca nguyn t M l: A. 24 B.25 C.27 D.29 Cu14: Mt ion Mn-c cu hnh electron lp v ngoi cng l 3p6, vy cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l: A. 3p5 hay3p4 B. 4s1 4s2 hay 4p1 2 3 C. 4s 4p D. 3s1hay 3s2 + Cu15: Ion R c cu hnh electron l 1s 22s22p6. V tr ca R trong bng h thng tun hon l: A. Chu k 3, nhm IA B. Chu k 2, nhm IIA C. Chu k 2, nhm VIIA D. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA Cu16: Sp xp cc nguyn t sau : Na, K, Mg, Al theo chiu tnh kim loi gim dn A.K,Na, Mg, Al B. Na, K,Al,Mg C. Na, K, Mg, Al D. K, Mg, Na, Al Cu17: Sp xp cc nguyn t sau : P,C. N, Cl, S, F theo chiu tnh phi kim tng dn: A. P,C,N,S,Cl,F B. C,P,N,S,Cl,F C. P,C,N,S,F,Cl D. C,N,P,S,Cl,F Cu 18/ Tm cu hnh electron vit sai a. Na+ (Z =11) 1s22s22p63s2. b. Na (Z=11) 1s22s22p63s1. 2 2 5 c. F ( = 9) 1s 2s 2p . d. F-(Z=9) 1s22s22p6. 2Cu 19/ Ion X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X l: a 3s23p6. b 4s2. c 3s23p4. d 3s23p5.

Cu 20/ Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron ca nguyn t 1 nguyn t thuc nhm VIIA l 28. Nguyn t khi ca nguyn t l: a 21. b 19. c 20. d 18 Cu 21.Anion X- v cation Y2+ u c cu hnh e lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr ca cc nt trong BTH hon l a X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. b X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm VIIA. c X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. d X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 3, nhm IIA. Cu 22/Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron l 1s22s22p3. V tr ca nguyn t ny trong bng tun hon v hp cht vi H l a Ck 2, nhm VA, XH2. b Ck 2, nhm VA, HXO3. c C k 2, nhm VA, XH3. d Ck 2, nhm VA, XH4. Cu 23/ Dy gm cc ion X+, Y- v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6 l a Na+, F-, Ne. b Li+, F-, Ne. + c K , Cl , Ar. d Na+, Cl-, Ar. Cu 24/ Nguyn t X c s th t Z = 16, v tr ca nguyn t X trong bng h thng tun hon l a Chu k 3, nhm VIA. b Chu k 3, nhm IVA. c Chu k 4, nhm VIA. d Chu k 2, nhm IIA. Cu 25: Nguyn t R c tng s cc ht c bn l 52, s ht khng mang in ln gp 1,059 ln s ht mang in dng. Kt lun no sau y khng ng vi R? A. R l phi kim C. R c s khi l 35. B. Trng thi c bn ca R c 3 electron c thn. D. in tch ht nhn ca R l 17+. Cu 26: Cho cc nguyn t 4Be ; 11Na ; 12Mg ; 19K. Chiu gim dn tnh baz ca cc hidroxit l: A. Be(OH)2 > Mg(OH)2 > NaOH > KOH. B. Mg(OH)2 > Be(OH)2 > KOH > NaOH. C. KOH > NaOH > Mg(OH)2 > Be(OH)2. D. Be(OH)2 > Mg(OH)2 > KOH > NaOH. Cu 27: Cc ion 9 F ; 11 Na ; 12 Mg 2+ ; 13 Al3+ c A. bn knh ging nhau. B. s khi ging nhau. C. s electron ging nhau. D. s proton ging nhau Cu 28: Nguyn t R c 38 ht mang in v 20 ht khng mang in, k hiu no sau y ng? 20 39 A. 80 R B. 19 R C. 19 R D. 40 R 38 20 Cu 29: Oxit cao nht ca 1 nguyn t R ng vi cng thc RO 2. Trong hp cht ca nguyn t vi H c 25%H. Nguyn t R l: A. Cacbon. B. Nit C. Magie. D. Photpho. Cu 30: Cho cc nguyn t 5B ; 6C ; 7N ; 13Al. Chiu gim dn tnh axit ca cc hidroxit tng ng l: A. HNO3 > H2CO3 > HAlO2 > H3BO3. B. HNO3 > H2CO3 > H3BO3 > HAlO2. C. HAlO2 > H3BO3 > H2CO3 > HNO3. D. H3BO3 > HAlO2 > H2CO3 > HNO3. Cu 31: Cho bit s th t ca Cu l 29. Pht biu no sau y ng: A. Cu thuc chu k 3, nhm IB B. Cu thuc chu k 4, nhm IB C. Cu thuc chu k 4, nhm IA D. Cu thuc chu k 4, nhm II A Cu32: Cho cc nguyn t A, B, C, D , F ln lt c cu hnh electron nh sau A : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 B: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 6 1 3p 4s C : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 4s2 D : 1s 2 2s2 2p6 3s2 5 2 2 6 2 6 6 3p E : 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s2 F : 1s 2 2 6 2 6 7 2 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s
+

Tp hp dy cc nguyn t no sau y thuc cng mt nhm B: a) A, B. b) C,E,F. c) C, D. d)A,E,F. Cu 33: Cho 3 nguyn t A, M, X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng (n = 3) tng ng l ns1, ns2 np1 , ns2 np5 . Pht biu no sau y khng ng. a) A, M, X ln lt cc th 11, 13, 17 ca bng HTTH b) A, M, X u thuc chu k 3 c) A, M, X thuc nhm IA, IIIA, VIIA d) Trong 3 nguyn t , X c s oxi ho dng cao nht v bng +7 Cu 34:Mt ng t X c cu to bi 48 ht cc loi, trong tng s ht mang in m t hn tng s ht cu to ln ht nhn l 16. Hy xc nh s ht mi loi c trong nguyn t X v So snh tnh cht ca X vi P(Z=15), Cl(Z=17) Cu 35:Mt nguyn t Y c cu to bi 52 ht cc loi, trong tng s ht mang in m t hn tng s ht cn li l 18. Hy xc nh s ht mi loi c trong nguyn t Y v So snh tnh cht ca Yvi P( Z= 15), S(Z=16) Cu 36:Mt nguyn t M c cu to bi 40 ht cc loi, trong tng s ht mang in t hn tng s ht cu to ln ht nhn l 1. Hy xc nh s ht mi loi c trong nguyn t M v So snh tnh cht ca M vi Mg(Z=12), Ca(Z=20) Cu 37: Mt ngt R c cu to bi 36 ht cc loi, trong tng s ht cu to ln ht nhn nhiu hn tng s ht cn li l 12. Hy xc nh s ht mi loi c trong nguyn t R v So snh tnh cht ca R vi Na(Z=11), Ca(Z=20) Cu 38 Cho 34,25 gam mt kim loi M( ha tr II) tc dng vi dd HCl d th thu c 6,16 lt H2 ( 27,30C v 1atm). M l nguyn t no sau y? A. Be B. Ca C. Mg D. Ba Cu 39: Ha tan hon ton 34,25 gam mt kim loi A ha tr II vo dd H2SO4 (l) d thu c 0,5 gam kh H2 .Nguyn t khi ca kim loi A l:A. 24(u) B. 23(u) C. 137(u) D. 40(u) Cu 40: Cho 10 gam mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ha tr II vo dd HCl d thu c 2,24 lt CO2(ktc).Vy kim loi ha tr II l: A. Be B. Ca C. Ba D. Mg Cu 41: Vit cu hnh v pt hnh thnh cc ion sau : Na+ , Ca2+ , Fe2+ , Fe3+ Al3+ , Mg2+ , Cl- , S2- , S2- , Br Cu 42: Vit ptp hnh thnh cc lin kt ion trong phn t : MgO, NaCl, Al2O3 , K2O ? Cu 43: Vit CTe v CTCT ca phn t : H2, Cl2 , N2 , O2 , CO2 , HCl, H2S, H2O, NH3 ,CH4 , C2H6 , C2H4 , C2H2 ,SO2 ? Cu 44: Da vo bng m din hy cho bit lin kt trong cc phn t sau thuc loi lin kt g : MgO, NaCl, Al2O3 , K2O, H2, Cl2 , N2 , O2 , CO2 , HCl, H2S, H2O, NH3 ,CH4 Cu 45 Nguyn t nguyn t X c tng cc loi ht l 82, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 22. S khi ca X l: A. 56 B. 40 C. 64 D. 39. Cu46 Nguyn t nguyn t X c tng cc loi ht l 34. S khi ca nguyn t nguyn t X l: A. 9 B. 23 C. 39 D. 14. Cu 47 Ng t ng t X c tng s cc ht p,e,n bng 58, s ht prton chnh lch vi ht ntron khng qu 1 n v. S hiu nguyn t ca X l: A. 17 B. 16 C. 19 D. 20 Cu 48 Mt nguyn t c cu hnh 1s2 2s2 2p3 th nhn xt no sai A.C 7 electron B.C 7 ntron. CKhng xc nh c s ntron. DC 7 proton. Cu 49. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t mt nguyn t l 2s2 2p5, s hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t l A. 2. B. 5. C. 7. D. 9. Cu 50. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t mt nguyn t l 3s2 3p1 , s hiu nguyn t ca ngt l : A. 11. B. 10. C. 13. D. 12. Cu 51. Cc electron ca nguyn t nguyn t X c phn b trn 3 lp , lp th 3 c 7 electron . S n v in tch ht nhn ca nguyn t nguyn t X l con s no sau y ?

A. 7. B. 9. C. 15. D. 17. Cu 52. 3 nguyn t X, Y, Z c s hiu nguyn t ln lt l: 17; 18; 19; X; Y, Z c th l: A. Phi kim, kim loi, phi kim. B. Phi kim, phi kim, kim loi C. Kim loi, kh him, phi kim. D. Phi kim, kh him, kim loi Cu53. Cho cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t sau: a. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 b. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 2 2 6 2 6 c. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p d. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2 Cc nguyn t kim loi l trng hp no sau y? A. a, b, c. B. a, b, d. C. b, c, d. D. a, c, d.