S GD&T VNH PHC

CHNH THC
K THI CHN HSG LP 10 THPT NM HC 2010-2011
THI MN: TON
(Dnh cho hc sinh THPT khng chuyn)
Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht, khng k thi gian giao .

Cu I (4 im)
1. Cho h phng trnh
2 2 2
2
2 2 4
x y m
x y x y m
+
'
+ + + +

(trong
m
l tham s;
x
v
y
l n)
a) Tm
m
h phng trnh trn c nghim.
b) Tm gi tr ln nht, nh nht ca biu thc
( ) 2 2011 A xy x y + + +
.
2. Tm tt c cc gi tr
m
phng trnh sau c bn nghim phn bit u ln hn 3
( )
4 2
3 1 6 2 0 x m x m + +
Cu II (1,5 im)
Gii h phng trnh
2 2
1
3 3 4
x y xy
x y

'
+ + +

Cu III (1 im)
Chng minh rng nu
, x y
l cc s thc dng th
( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 1
1
1 1
xy
x y
+
+
+ +
Cu IV (3,5 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h trc ta Oxy, cho hai im
( ) 1; 2 A
v
( ) 4;3 B
. Tm ta
im M trn trc honh sao cho gc AMB bng
0
45 .
2. Trong mt phng vi h trc ta Oxy, cho tam gic ABC nhn vi trc tm H. Cc
ng thng AH, BH, CH ln lt ct ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC ti D, E, F
(D khc A, E khc B, F khc C). Hy vit phng trnh cnh AC ca tam gic ABC; bit
rng
( ) ( )
6 17
2;1 , 3; 4 , ;
5 5
D E F
_

,
.
3. Cho tam gic ABC, c
, , a BC b CA c AB
. Gi I, p ln lt l tm ng trn ni
tip, na chu vi ca tam gic ABC. Chng minh rng
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2
IA IB IC
c p a a p b b p c
+ +

-------------Ht-------------
Ch : Gim th coi thi khng gii thch g thm.
H v tn th sinh: SBD:
S GIO DC V O TO
TNH VNH PHC
K THI CHN HSG LP 10 VNG TNH
NM HC 2010 2011
HNG DN CHM MN: TON
(Dnh cho hc sinh cc trng THPT khng chuyn)
p n gm 4 trang
Cu Ni dung im
I
4 im
1.a (2 im)
t
; S x y P xy +
. Khi h phng trnh tr thnh
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 4 2
S m S m
S P S m P m m

' '
+ +


1,0
h c nghim th ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
4 2 4 2 4 2 2 S P m m m m m
1,0
1.b (1 im)
Ta c
2
2 2011 2005 A P S m m + + + +
0,5
Lp bng bin thin ta c
max 2011 A
khi
2 m
;
min 2004, 75 A
khi
0, 5 m
2011
2004,75
2007
2
-
1
2
-2
A
m
0,5
2. (1 im)
t
2
0 t x , thay vo phng trnh ta c
( )
2
3 1 6 2 0 t m t m + +
2
3 1
t
t m

phng trnh cho c bn nghim phn bit khi

0,25
1
3 1 0
3
3 1 2
1
m m
m
m

> >

' '

. Khi phng trnh cho c bn nghim l

2; 3 1 m t t
0,5
cc nghim u ln hn
3
th
10
3 1 3 3 1 3
3
m m m > < <
. Vy
cc gi tr ca
m
l
{ }
1 10
; \ 1
3 3
m
_

,
0,25
II
(1,5
im)
K
0 xy
, ta thy t pt th nht
0 x y + >
, do
0, 0 x y
. T ta t
0, 0 u x v y
thay vo h ta c
( )
2
2 2
4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
1 1 3
3 3 4
6 2 3 3 9 16
u v uv u v uv
u v
u v u v u v

+ + +

' '
+ + +
+ + + + + +

0,5
( )
( ) ( )
2
2 2
2 2
2 2 4 4 2 2
1 3
2 2 2 3 2 6 9 10
u v uv
u v uv u v u v u v uv u v

+ +

'
1 1
+ + + + +
] ]

t
0 1 t uv t
(v ( )
2
1 3 4 1 uv u v uv uv + +
). Th t phng trnh th
nht ca h trn vo phng trnh th hai ta c
( ) ( )
2
4 2 2
4 2 2
2
4 3 6 12 2 9
2 3 6 12 2 9
2 9 0
t t t t t
t t t t t
t t

+ + +

+ + +
'
+

( ) ( )
4 3 2 3 2
3 4 34 60 33 0 1 3 7 27 33 0 t t t t t t t t + + + +
.
0,5
+) Nu
1 1 t uv
ta c
2 1 1
1 1 1
u v u x
uv v y
+

' ' '


+) Nu
( )
3 2 3 2
3 7 27 33 0 3 7 6 27 1 0 t t t t t t + + + + +
v l v
0 1 t
Kt lun nghim ca h l
( ) ( ) ; 1;1 x y
0,5
III
1 im Do
, 0 x y >
nn bt ng thc cho tng ng vi
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 x y xy x y
1
+ + + + + +
]
0,25
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 x y x y xy x x y y + + + + + + + + + 0,25
( ) ( )
2 2
1 0 xy x y xy +
, bt ng thc ny lun ng. Du bng xy ra khi
1 x y
0,5
IV
3,5 im
1. (1,5 im)
Gi s ta ca
( ) ; 0 M x
. Khi ( ) ( ) 1 ; 2 ; 4 ;3 MA x MB x
uuur uuur
.
Theo gi thit ta c
0
. . .cos 45 MAMB MAMB
uuur uuur
0,5
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
2
1 4 6 1 4. 4 9.
2
2
5 10 2 5. 8 25.
2
x x x x
x x x x x x
+ + +
+ + +
0,5
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 2
4 3 2
2
2 5 10 2 5 8 25 (do 5 10 0)
10 44 110 75 0
1 5 4 15 0 1; 5
x x x x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x x x
+ + + + >
+ +
+
0,25
Vy ta c hai im cn tm l
( ) 1; 0 M
hoc
( ) 5; 0 M 0,25
2. (1 im)
Gi A, B, C ln lt l chn ng cao h t cc nh A, B, C. Do t gic
BCBC ni tip nn

FDA FCA ABE ADE H nm trn ng phn gic
trong h t D ca tam gic DEF, tng t ta cng ch ra c H nm trn
ng phn gic trong h t nh E ca tam gic DEF. Vy H l tm ng
trn ni tip ca tam gic DEF.
0,5
Ta lp c phng trnh cc ng thng DE, DF ln lt l
: 3 5 0; : 3 7 0 DE x y DF x y +
. Do phng trnh phn gic trong v
ngoi ca nh D l
3 5 3 7
2 0; 1 0
10 10
x y x y
x y
+
t
. Kim tra v tr
0,25
tng i ca E, F vi hai ng trn ta c phn gic trong k t nh D l
: 2 0 d x . Tng t ta lp c phng trnh phn gic trong k t nh E l
' : 1 0 d x y +
. Mt khc H l giao ca d v d nn
( ) 2;3 H
Ta c AC l trung trc ca HE nn AC i qua trung im
5 7
' ;
2 2
B
_

,
v c vtpt
l ( ) 1;1 : 6 0 HE AC x y +
uuur
F
C'
H
E
B'
A'
D
A
B
C
0,25
3. (1 im)
Gi M l tip im ca AC vi ng trn ni tip tam gic ABC. Khi ta c
; AM p a IM r
. Gi S l din tch tam gic ABC, theo cng thc Heron ta
c ( ) ( ) ( ) S p p a p b p c
. p dng nh l Pitago trong tam gic AIM ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
p a p b p c
S
IA AM MI p a r p a p a
p p

_
+ + + +

,
( )
( )
2
p a bc
IA b
p c p a p

0,5
Tng t ta c
( ) ( )
2 2
;
IB c IC a
a p b p b p c p


0,25
Do vy
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2
IA IB IC a b c
c p a a p b b p c p
+ +
+ +

0,25
A
C
B
I
M