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Bi tp chng M u

1. Hm lng ion Ca2+ trong 1 lt nc l 0,0012 gam. Hy tnh nng


Ca2+ theo ppm. (1.2ppm)
2. Mu nc cha 3 ppm Fe3+. Hy tnh nng mol ca Fe3+ trong mu
nc .(5.37x10-5M)
3. Cn pha ch 1 lt dung dch Pb2+ c nng 100 ppm. Hy tnh khi
lng Pb(NO3)2 cn dng. (s: 0,16 gam)
4. a. Tnh hm lng ca Zn theo ppm bit 2,6 gam mu thc vt c 3,6 g
Zn.
b. Phn tch 25 l mt mu dch t bo xc nh c 26,7 g glucoz.
Hy tnh nng ca glucoz trong mu theo ppm.
(s: a. 1,4 ppm; b. 1068 ppm)
5. Khi chun 0,2275 gam Na2CO3 tinh khit n CO2 phi dng va ht
22,35 ml dung dch HCl. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HCl dng
(0.1920M)
6. Thit lp cng thc tnh hm lng Na2CO3 trong sa k thut, bit rng
ho tan a gam sa k thut thnh V1 ml dung dch, ly V2 ml em chun
bng dung dch chun HCl c nng l C0 M, thy dng ht V0 ml. Phn
ng chun l:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
CVVM

0 0 1
(s: % Na2CO3 = 2.103 aV 100% )
2

7. Cn a gam mt mu qung st, ho tan thnh V1 ml dung dch, ly ra V2


ml phn tch. Khi phn tch, kh tt c Fe3+ trong dung dch xung Fe2+ v

tin hnh chun bng dung dch chun K2Cr2O7 C0 M trong mi trng
axit, thy dng ht V0 ml. Hy tnh % khi lng ca Fe c trong mu
qung.
6C V V M

0 0 1
(s: % Fe = 103 aV 100% )
2

8. nh lng Cr trong thp, ngi ta phn hu 1,075 gam mu thp


thnh dung dch ri oxi ho hon ton Cr3+ thnh CrO42-. Sau thm vo 25
ml dung dch chun FeSO4 0,0410M v lng d dung dch axit sunfuric
long lm mi trng. Lng Fe(II) d c chun bng 3,70 ml dung
dch KMnO4 0,0400M. Hy tnh hm lng theo % khi lng ca Cr trong
thp. (0.4595%)
9. nh lng ch trong qung ngi ta phn hu 1,1050 gam mu qung
thnh dung dch. T dung dch thc hin quy trnh kt ta nh lng
ch trong mu thnh PbCrO4. Sau ho tan PbCrO4 bng dung dch hn
hp HCl v NaCl d. Thm vo dung dch thu c mt lng d KI v
cui cng chun lng I2 thot ra bng 24,20 ml dung dch chun
Na2S2O3 0,0962M. Tnh hm lng ch trong qung theo % khi lng.
(14.55%)
10. Cn cn bao nhiu gam Na2CO3 (M = 105,989) iu ch 250 ml dung
dch c nng 0,02M.
(s: 0,5299 g)
11. Cn cn bao nhiu gam K2Cr2O7 (M = 294,192) iu ch 250 ml dung
dch c nng 0,01M.
(s: 0,7355 g)

Bi tp Ho Phn tch - Chng Cn bng axit baz


1. Bit H3PO4 c pKa1= 2,15; pKa2= 7,21; pKa3= 12,32 v nc c pKw= 14.
Hy tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn ng sau:
a. PO43- + H2O

HPO42- + OH-

b. HPO42- + H2O

H2PO4- + OH-

c. H2PO4- + H2O

H3PO4 + OH-

2. Vit phng trnh bo ton proton cho dung dch sau:


a. axit CH3COOH
b. H3A
c. A3d. CH3COOH 0,1M v CH3COONa 0,05M
e. NaH2PO4.
f. Dung dch NH3.
g. Dung dch NH3 0,1M v NH4Cl 0,20M.
h. Dung dch Na2CO3.
i. Dung dch CH3COONa C1 M v NaOH C2M.
j. Dung dch Na2HPO4.
k. Dung dch HNO2 C1 M v HCl C2 M.
2. Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau
a. dung dch HCl c nng 10-3M; 10-5M; 10-6M, 10-7M; 10-8M, 10-9M.
b. dung dch NaOH c nng : 10-3M; 10-7M; 10-9M.
3. Tnh pH ca dung dch CH3COOH (pKa= 4,75) c cc nng nh sau:
a. 0,01M

b. 0,001M

c. 0,0001M.

4. Hy tnh nng ban u ca dung dch axit axetic (pKa= 4,75) c pH=
3,5.

5. Tnh pH ca dung dch NH4Cl 0,1M. Bit NH3 c pKb= 4,75.


6(30). Ho tan 0,01 mol axit yu HA vo 100 mL nc thu c dd A c pH
= 1,95. Pha long dung dch A bng nc ct n 1,0 L c dung dch B.
Hy tnh pH ca dd B?
(s: a. Ka= 1,42.10-3; pH= 2,51; b. Dung dch sau khi pha long c ln
hn)
7(19).Trn 15 mL dung dch CH3COONa 2,0.10-3M vi 45 mL dung dch
HCl 1,0.10-2 M. Hy xc nh thnh phn gii hn v vit phng trnh bo
ton proton ca dung dch thu c.
(s:
TPGH: Na+ 5.10-4M; Cl- 7,5.10-3; CH3COOH 5.10-4; H+ 7.10-3; [H+] = [OH-]
+ [CH3COO-] + 7.10-3)
8(20). Thm 40 mL dung dch NaOH 0,1M vo 60 mL dung dch H3PO4
0,025M. Hy xc nh thnh phn gii hn v vit phng trnh bo ton
proton ca dung dch thu c.
(s:
TPGH: Na+ 0,04M; HPO42- 5.10-3; PO43- 0,01; [H+] = [OH-] + [PO43-] - 0,01
- [H2PO4-] - 2[H3PO4])
9(35). Axit n-butanoic (HBt) l mt axit yu c pKa = 4,818. Hy tnh pH
ca dung dch natri butanat 0,02M? (s: 8,56)
10(36). Tnh pH ca dung dch NH3 (pKb= 4,75) c cc nng nh sau:
a. 0,01M

b. 0,001M

(s: a. 10,62; b. 10,10; c. 9,53)

c. 0,0001M.

11(37). Dung dch natri benzoat, C6H5COONa, 0,10 M c pH = 8,60 nhit


phng.
a. Hy tnh [OH-] ca dung dch trn.
b. Hy tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng:
C6H5COO- + H2O

C6H5COOH + OH-

c. Hy tnh hng s phn li axit, Ka, ca axit benzoic.


(s: a. 4,0. 10-6; b. 1,6. 10-10; c. 6,3. 10-5; d. 2,9. 10-2M)
12(40). Tnh pH ca dung dch HCOONa 1,0.10-2 M. Bit axit fomic c
pKa= 3,75.
(s: KaCA Kw, gi s [HCOO-]= 10-2M; pH= 7,88)
13(42). Tnh pH ca dung dch m gm axit lactic 0,12 M v natri lactat
0,10 M? Bit axit lactic c Ka = 1,4 10-4.
(s: pH= 3,77)
*********************
Tnh pH ca dung dch A gm hn hp gm CH3COOH 0,1M v
CH3COONa 0,1M. Bit CH3COOH c pKa= 4,75.
b. pH ca dung dch A thay i nh th no nu thm vo 1 L dung dch :
i. 0,01 mol HCl.
ii. 0,01 mol NaOH.
c. pH ca dung dch A thay i nh th no nu n c pha long gp 3
ln.
Tr li
C

B
a. pH = pKa + lg C = 4,75.
A

0,1 0,01

b. i. pH = 4,75+ lg 0,1+ 0,01= 4,66

-Nh vy, khi thm 0,01 mol HCl v dung dch A th pH ca dung dch ch
thay i t 4,75 xung 4,66 (0,09 n v pH). C th coi s thay i gn
nh l khng ng k. Trong khi nu thm 0,01 mol HCl vo 1 lt nc
ct (c pH= 7) th s c dung dch c pH= 2, tc l pH ca dung dch thay
i 5 n v pH.
0,1+ 0,01

ii. pH = 4,75+ lg 0,1 0,01= 4,84


c. Khng i

14(43). a. Tnh pH ca dung dch hn hp gm NH3 0,1M v NH4Cl 0,08M.


b. pH ca dung dch trn thay i nh th no nu thm vo 1 L dung dch
:
i. 0,001 mol HCl.

ii. 0,001 mol NaOH.

Bit NH4+ c pKa= 9,75.


(s: a. 9,85; b. i. 9,84; ii. 9,86)
15(44). Hy tnh s mol NH4Cl cn thm vo 2,0 lt dung dch NH3 0,10 M
to thnh dung dch m c pH = 9,00? (Gi thit rng th tch ca dung
dch khng thay i khi thm NH4Cl). Bit amoniac c Kb = 1,8 10-5.
(s: 0,36 mol
)
16(45). a. Hy tnh pH ca dung dch m c pha ch bng cch thm
45,0 mL dung dch axit propionic 0,24 M (Ka = 1,3 105) vo 55,0 mL dung
dch natri propionat (NaPr) 0,20 M.
b. Hy tnh pH ca dung dch trn sau khi thm 2,0 mL dung dch axit
clohiric 1,0 M.

(s: a. 4,9; b. 4,74)


17(52). Bit H2C2O4 c Ka1= 10-1,25 v Ka2= 10-4,27 v nc c pKw= 14. Tnh
hng s cn bng ca cc qu trnh sau:
a. C2O42- + H2O

HC2O4- + OH-

b. HC2O4- + H2O

H2C2O4 + OH-

2H+ + C2O42-

c. H2C2O4

(s: a. 10-9,73; b. 10-12,75; c. 10-5,52)


18(53). Bit H3PO4 c pKa1= 2,15; pKa2= 7,21; pKa3= 12,32 v nc c pKw=
14. Hy tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn ng sau:
a. PO43- + H2O
b. H3PO4

HPO42- + OH-

PO43- + 3H+

(s: a. 10-11,85; b. 10-21,68)


19(41).1.a. Tnh pH ca dung dch A gm hn hp CH3COOH 2,5.10-2 M v
CH3COONa 7,5.10-2 M. Bit CH3COOH c pKa= 4,75.
b. pH ca dung dch A thay i nh th no nu thm vo 1 L dung dch :
i. 0,01 mol HCl.
ii. 0,01 mol NaOH.
(S: a. 5,23; b. i. 5,02; ii. 5,50)
19(BT 12). Cho Ka ca axit axetic l 1,8.10-5.
a. Hy tnh th tch dung dch natri axetat 0,0500 M cn thm vo 0,200 L
dung dch axit axetic 0,100 M thu c dung dch m c pH= 4,50?

b. Cn pha ch 0,500 L dung dch m c pH= 4,50 t cc dung dch axit


axetic 0,100M v dung dch natri hiroxit 0,0500M. Hy tnh th tch ca
mi dung dch cn dng? (Gii thit rng th tch c tnh cng tnh).
(s: a. 0,23L; b. 4,5 = 4,74 + lg
CH3COOH

CB
=> CB/CA= 0,575;
CA

+ NaOH CH3COONa + H2O

b:

0,1V/0,5

(0,5-V)0,05/0,5

d:

0,3V-0,05

0,1(0,5-V)

=>

0,1(0,5 V )
= 5,75
0,3V 0,05

=> V= 0,289L)

20(Bi 21). Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau:


a. Trn 5 ml dung dch CH3COOH 0,02 M vi 5 ml dung dch NaOH 0,02
M.
b. Dung dch hn hp HCl 0,01M v HCOOH 0,01M.
c. Dung dch hn hp NH4Cl 1M v CH3COOH 0,01M.
d. Dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,001M v NH3 1M.
Bit pKa ca cc axit: CH3COOH: 4,75; NH4+: 9,25 v HCOOH: 3,75.
(s: a. tnh TPGH; pH= 8,38; b. 3,77; c. b qua NH4+; pH= 3,38; d.
11,68)

Bi tp chng : Chun axit baz


Sai s ch th
-Trong php chun axit- baz, ngoi sai s th tch do dng c v s
dng dng c (buret, pipet, bnh nh mc) gy ra, ngi ta cn gp sai s
ch th.
-Sai s ch th l sai s xy ra do pT ca cht ch th khng trng vi pH
im tng ng. Sai s ny thuc loi sai s h thng.

S% =

GD
100%
D

(*)

Trong G l gi tr gn ng, tc l lng cht nh phn thc t c


chun , D l gi tr ng, tc l lng cht nh phn thc c. Ta s thy
r hn cch tnh sai s ch th trong th d sau:
-Th d 1: Tnh sai s ch th mc phi khi chun V0 ml dung dch HCl
0,1M bng dung dch NaOH 0,1M nu dng cht ch th c pT= 5 v pT= 9.
Tr li
-Phn ng chun :
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O ;

pHt = 7

-Gi s, khi kt thc chun , th tch NaOH dng l Vc mL. Ta c:

S% =

0,1Vc 0,1V0
V
100% = ( c 1) 100%
0,1V0
V0

(*)

a. Khi dng cht ch th c pT= 5, tc l kt thc chun pH = 5, vic


chun kt thc trc im tng ng. Ta c:

0,1V0 0,1Vc
0,1V0 [ H + ]c V0
[ H ]c =
=> Vc =
Vc + V0
[ H + ]c + 0,1
+

-Thay vo phng trnh (*) ta c:

0,1 [ H + ]c

2[ H + ]c
100% = -0,02%
S % = +
1 100% = +
[
H
]
+
0
,
1
[
H
]
+
0
,
1
c
c

b. Khi dng cht ch th c pT= 9, tc l kt thc chun pH = 9, vic


chun kt thc sau im tng ng. Ta c:

0,1Vc 0,1V0
[OH ]c V0 + 0,1V0
[OH ]c =
=> Vc =
Vc + V0
0,1 [OH ]c

-Thay vo phng trnh (*) ta c:

[OH ]c + 0,1
2[OH ]c
100% = +0,02%
S % =
1 100% =

0
,
1

[
OH
]
[
OH
]
+
0
,
1
c
c

-Th d 2: Nu chun dung dch HCl 0,1M bng dung dch NaOH 0,1M
th cn kt thc chun trong khong pH no sai s ch th khng qu
0,1%.
Tr li
-Sai s khng qu 0,1% tc l sai s trong khong t 0,1% n +0,1%.
a. Khi sai s l -0,1%, tc vic chun kt thc trc im tng ng
nn:
2[ H + ]c
100% = -0,1%
S % = +
[
H
]
+
0
,
1
c

=> [H+]c = 5.10-5M => pH = 4,3

b. Khi sai s l +0,1%, tc vic chun kt thc sau im tng ng


nn:

2[OH ]c
100%= +0,1%
S % =

[
OH
]
+
0
,
1
c

=> [OH-]c = 5.10-5M => pH = 9,7


-Nh vy, mun sai s ch th khng vt qu 0,1%, ta phi kt thc chun
trong khong pH t 4,3 v 9,7.
VD. a. Chun 25 ml dung dch HCl bng dung dch NaOH 0,05M. Tnh
nng ca dung dch HCl bit th tch dung dch NaOH dng l 17,50
ml.
b. Tnh bc nhy chun nu chp nhn sai s ca php chun l
0,2%.
c. Nu kt thc vic chun trn ti pH= 4,0 th sai s ch th l bao nhiu?
(s: a. 0,035M; b. 4,38 9,62; c. trc im tng ng, -0,49%)

1. Tnh bc nhy pH ca php chun cc axit yu bng baz mnh sao


cho php chun c sai s nh hn 0,1%. Bit nng cc axit ban u
u l 0,1M. Cc axit c pKa ln lt l 3, 4, 5 v 6.
(s: 6 9,7; 7 9,7; 8 9,7; 9 9,7)
2. Tnh bc nhy pH (vi sai s l 1%) khi chun dung dch axit yu
HA 0,1M bng dung dch NaOH c cng nng trong hai trng hp sau:
a. HA c pKa = 5,0.

b. HA c pKa = 8,0.

(s: a. 7,0 10,7; b. 10,0 10,7; Nx: khng th tin hnh chun axit c
pKa= 8)
3. Tnh pH ti im tng ng khi chun dung dch n axit yu HA
0,1M bng dung dch NaOH 0,1 M trong cc trng hp sau.
a. Axit HA c pKa= 4.
b. Axit HA c pKa= 6.
c. Axit HA c pKa= 8.
d. Nhn xt v s bin i ca pH im tng ng theo gi tr pK a ca
axit.
(s: a. TPGH: A- 0,05M; CBKb >> Kw; pH= 8,35; b. 9,35; c. 10,35; d. pKa
tng th pH tng)
4. Chun 40,0 mL dung dch CH3COOH 0,100 M bng dung dch NaOH
0,150 M. Cho Ka ca axit axetic l 1,8.10-5.
a. Hy tnh th tch NaOH cn dng t ti im tng ng?
b. Hy tnh nng CH3COO- ti im tng ng?
c. Hy tnh pH ca dung dch ti im tng ng?
(s: a. 26,67 mL; b. KbCB >> Kw; [CH3COO-]= 0,06M; c. 8,76)
5. Tnh sai s ch th mc phi khi chun V0 ml dung dch CH3COOH
0,1M (pKa= 4,75) bng dung dch NaOH 0,1M nu dng cht ch th c pT=
4 v pT= 9
Tr li
-Phn ng chun :
CH3COOH + NaOH NaCl + H2O ;

pHt = 8,72

-Gi s, khi kt thc chun , th tch NaOH dng l Vc mL. Ta c:


S% =

0,1Vc 0,1V0
V
100% = ( c 1) 100%
0,1V0
V0

(*)

a. Khi dng cht ch th c pT= 4, tc l kt thc chun pH = 4, vic


chun kt thc trc im tng ng. Ta c:

[ H + ]c [CH 3COO ]
[CH 3COOH ] [ H + ]c
Ka =
=>
=
[CH 3COOH ]
[CH 3COO ]
Ka
0,1V0 0,1Vc [ H + ]c
=>
=
= >Vc = 0,15V0
0,1Vc
Ka
-Thay vo phng trnh (*) ta c:

S% =

0,1Vc 0,1V0
V
100% = ( c 1) 100% = 85%
0,1V0
V0

b. Khi dng cht ch th c pT= 9, tc l kt thc chun pH = 9, vic


chun kt thc sau im tng ng. Ta c:

[OH ]c =

Vc 0,1 V0 0,1
[OH ]c V0 + 0,1V0
=> Vc =
V0 + Vc
0,1 [OH ]c

-Thay vo phng trnh (*) ta c:

[OH ]c + 0,1
2[OH ]c
100% = +0,02%
S % =
1 100% =

0
,
1

[
OH
]
[
OH
]
+
0
,
1
c
c

*Nhn xt: khng c dng ch th c pT = 4, c th dng cht ch th c


pT= 9 lm cht ch th cho php chun .

6. Chun 25 ml dung dch NH3 0,05M bng dung dch HCl 0,1M.
a. Tnh pH ca dung dch ti im tng ng. Bit NH4+ c pKa= 9,25.

b. Nu kt thc chun ti pH = 4,0 th s ml HCl tiu tn l bao nhiu?


c. Tnh pH ca dung dch sau khi thm 12,30; 12,7 ml dung dch HCl.
d. Tnh sai s ca php chun nu kt thc chun ti pH = 5,0.
(s: a. 1,213.10-2M; b.

pH = pK a + lg

CB
24
= 4,75 + lg
= 6,73 .
CA
24,25 24

Sau im t tnh

theo OH- d: pH= 9,92. c. Kt thc sau im tng ng:


[OH ] = 10 4 =

V 0,025 24,25 0,025


50 + V

=> V= 24,55 mL; S= 1,24%)

Gi s chun 100 mL dung dch NH3 0,1 M bng dung dch HCl 0,1 M.
Bit NH3 c pKb= 4,75.
Phn ng chun :
HCl + NH3 NH4Cl
Vtd =

0,1 100
= 100mL
0,1

-Cng thc tnh pH cc giai on ca qu trnh chun c tm tt


trong bng sau:
Giai on

thnh phn cng thc tnh

ghi ch

dd
Cha thm HCl
Trc im tng
ng
Ti im tng
ng
Sau im tng
ng

NH3
NH4+, NH3

1
1
pK a + log C NH 3
2
2
C NH +
4
pH = pK a log
C NH 3
pH = 7 +

1
1
pK a log C NH +
4
2
2

NH4+

pH =

NH4+, HCl

pH = log C HCl , d

dd baz yu
dung dch
m
dd axit yu
b qua HA

-Tnh theo cc cng thc trn, ta c cc gi tr pH bin i theo th tch


dung dch HCl thm vo nh sau.
VHCl, ml
pH

90

11,1

8,36

99
7,26

99,8
6,56

100

100,

101

110

5,13

2
3,70

3,0

2,0

3
14
12
10
pH 8
6
4
2
90

100
V HCl, ml

110

ng cong chun dung dch NH3 0,1M bng dung dch HCl 0,1M
Ging trng hp chun axit yu bng baz mnh, ng cong
chun d baz yu bng axit mnh cng cho thy:
1. im tng ng khng trng vi im trung ho, m min axit

(pHt= 5,13). ng cong chun khng i xng vi im trung


ho.
2. Bc nhy ca ng chun cng ph thuc vo nng v hng
s phn ly ca baz yu.
*************
Bc nhy pH khi chun cc n axit yu ph thuc vo cng ca
axit. Hy tnh pH ti im tng ng v bc nhy pH (vi sai s chun

l 0,2%) khi dng dung dch NaOH 0,1M chun dung dch HA
0,1M c cc gi tr pKa nh sau:
a. 3,0;

b. 4,0;

c. 5,0; d. 7,0;

e. 9,0

Tp hp cc kt qu tnh c vo mt bng v cho nhn xt.


s: Ti im tng ng: [OH

] = K bCB

-Trc im tng ng (pKa < 5):

pH = pK a + lg

-Sau im tng ng (pKa < 5): [OH

]=

99,8
0,2

0,1 100,2 0,1 100


= 9,99.10 5 M
200,2

-Vi cc axit c pKa > 5 th phi tnh chnh xc.


pKa
pHt
pH (-0,2%)
pH (+0,2%)

3
7,85
5,7
10

4
8,35
6,7
10

5
8,85
7,7
10

7
9,85
9,56
10,14

9
10,85
10,80
10,88

Tnh sai s ch th mc phi khi chun V0 ml dung dch NH3 0,1M (pKb=
4,75) bng dung dch HCl 0,1M nu dng cht ch th c pT= 4 v pT= 9.
Tr li
-Phn ng chun :
HCl + NH3 NH4Cl ;

pHt = 5,13

-Gi s, khi kt thc chun , th tch HCl dng l Vc mL. Ta c:


S% =

0,1Vc 0,1V0
V
100% = ( c 1) 100%
0,1V0
V0

(*)

a. Khi dng cht ch th c pT= 9, tc l kt thc chun pH = 9, vic


chun kt thc trc im tng ng. Ta c:

Ka =
=>

[ H + ]c [ NH 3 ]
[ NH 4 ] [ H + ]c
=
>
=
+
[ NH 3 ]
Ka
[ NH 4 ]

0,1Vc
[ H + ]c
=
= >Vc = 0,64V0
0,1V0 0,1Vc
Ka

-Thay vo phng trnh (*) ta c:


S% =

0,1Vc 0,1V0
V
100% = ( c 1) 100% = 36%
0,1V0
V0

*Nhn xt: sai s ln, vy khng dng c ch th c pT= 9 lm ch th


cho php chun .
b. Khi dng cht ch th c pT= 4, tc l kt thc chun pH = 4, vic
chun kt thc sau im tng ng. Ta c:
[ H + ]c =

Vc 0,1 V0 0,1
[ H + ]c V0 + 0,1V0
V
=
=> c
V0 + Vc
0,1 [ H + ]c

-Thay vo phng trnh (*) ta c:


[ H + ]c + 0,1
2[ H + ]c

+
100% = +0,2%
S % =

100%
=
+

0,1 [ H ]c

[ H ]c + 0,1

*Nhn xt: c th dng cht ch th c pT= 4 lm cht ch th cho php


chun .
7. Gi s phi chun 100 mL cc dung dch NH3 c nng sau: a. 0,1M;
b. 0,01M; c. 0,001M bng dung dch HCl c cng nng . Hy tnh pH ti
im tng ng v ti cc im chun thiu v tha 0,2%. T cc kt
qu thu c cho nhn xt. Bit NH3 c pKb= 4,75.
(s:
C
pHt

0,1
5,28

0,01
5,78

0,001
6,27

pH
0,2%)
pH

(-

6,55

6,55

6,63

4,00

5,00

6,00

(+0,2%)
Nx: C gim th pH gim)
8. Ho tan 0,682 gam mt n axit hu c cha bit, HA, vo nc to
thnh 50 mL dung dch, dung dch ny c chun bng dung dch
NaOH 0,135 M. Sau khi thm 10,6 mL baz, pH ca dung dch l 5,65.
t ti im tng ng cn 27,4 mL NaOH.
a. Hy tnh s mol axit trong mu ban u.
b. Hy tnh khi lng phn t ca axit HA.
c. Hy tnh s mol HA cn li trong dung dch khi pH = 5,65.
d. Hy tnh hng s phn li axit ca HA.
(s: a. 3,7.10-3 mol; b. 184 g/mol; c. 2,27.10-3 mol; d. 1,41.10-6)

9. Chun 50,00 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,10M v HA 0,10M


(pKa= 6,0) bng dung dch NaOH 0,20M.
a. Tnh pH ca dung dch trc khi thm NaOH.
b. Tnh pH ca dung dch sau khi chun c 99,9% HCl.
c. Tnh pH ca dung dch sau khi ton b hai axit b trung ho
(s: a. HA phn ly khng ng k, pH=1; b. 3,53; c. 9,35)
10. 100ml hn hp HCl v H3PO4 c chun bng dung dch NaOH
0,2M. Th tch NaOH tiu tn khi metyl v bromothymol xanh i mu
ln lt l 25,0ml; v 35,0ml. Tnh nng HCl v H3PO4?

11. 0,527g mu NaHCO3 v Na2CO3 c chun bng HCl 0,109M. Th


tch HCl tiu tn khi cht ch th phenolphthalein i mu l 15,7ml v khi
cht ch th metyl da cam i mu l 43,8ml. Tnh hm lng % ca
NaHCO3 v Na2CO3 trong mu.

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