You are on page 1of 4

Ti liu n tp Vt l 11 c bn v nng cao

Chng I: in tch. in trng


Dng 1: Lc tng tc tnh in
Cu 1: Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng, cch nhau mt on R = 4cm. Lc y tnh in
gia chng l F = 10-5N. Tm khong cch gia chng lc y tnh in gia chng l F' = 2,5.10-6N.
S: 8cm
Cu 2: Hai ht bi trong khng kh cch nhau mt on 3cm, mi ht mang in tch q = -9,6.10-13C.
a) Tnh lc tnh in gia hai ht.
b) Tnh s electrn d trong mi ht bi.
S: a) 9,216.10-12N b) 6.106
Cu 3: Hai qu cu nh ging nhau, mi vt tha mt electrn. Tm khi lng mi qu cu lc tnh in
bng lc hp dn gia chng. Cho G = 6,67.10-11m3/kg.s2
S: 1,86.10-9 kg
Cu 4: Electrn quay u quanh ht nhn nguyn t Hir theo qu o trn vi bn knh R = 5.10-11 m.
a) Tnh ln lc hng tm t ln electrn.
b) Tnh vn tc v tn s chuyn ng ca electron.
Coi electrn v ht nhn trong nguyn t Hir tng tc theo nh lut tnh in.
S: a) F 9.10-8N. b) v 2,2.106 m/s; n 0,7. 1016 s-1
Cu 5*: Hai vt nh mang in tch t trong khng kh cch nhau mt on R = 1m, y nhau bng F
=1,8N. in tch tng cng ca hai vt l 3.10-5N. Tnh in tch mi vt.
S: q1 = 2.10-5C, q2 = 10-5N hoc ngc li
Cu 6*: Hai qu cu kim loi nh nh nhau mang cc in tch q1, q2 t trong khng kh cch nhau R =
2cm, y nhau bng lc F = 2,7.10-4N. Cho hai qu cu tip xc nhau ri a v v tr c, th chng y nhau
bng lc F' = 3,6.10-4N. Tnh q1, q2.
S: q1 = 6.10-9C, q2 = 2.10-9N hoc ngc li; q1 = -6.10-9C, q2 = -2.10-9N hoc ngc li
Cu 7*: Hai qu cu kim loi nh nh nhau mang cc in tch q1, q2 t trong khng kh cch nhau
R=20cm, ht nhau bng lc F = 3,6.10-4N. Cho hai qu cu tip xc nhau ri a v v tr c, th chng y
nhau bng lc F' = 2,025.10-4N. Tnh q1, q2.
S: q1 = 8.10-8C, q2 = -2.10-8N hoc ngc li; q1 = -6.10-8C, q2 = 2.10-8N hoc ngc li
Cu 8: Hai in tch im t trong chn khng, cch nhau mt on R = 20cm. Lc tng tc tnh in
gia chng l F . Khi t trong du, cng khong cch, lc tng tc tnh in gia chng gim 4 ln. Hi
khi t trong du, khong cch gia cc in tch phi l bao nhiu lc tng tc tnh in gia chng
cng l F.
S: 10cm
Dng 2: Lc tng hp tc dng ln mt in tch
Cu 1: Ba in tch im q1 = -10-7C, q2 = 5.10-8C, q3 = 4.10-8C ln lt t ti A, B, C trong khng kh. Bit
AB =r5cm, AC = 4cm, BC = 1cm. Tm lc tc dng ln in tch q3.
S: F hng t C A, ln F = 20,25.10-2N
Cu 2: Ba in tch im q1 = 4.10-8C, q2 = -4.10-8C, q3 = 5.10-8C t trong khng kh ti ba nh ABC ca
mt tam
u
r gic u
uur cnh a = 2cm. Xc-2 nh vect lc tc dng ln q3.
S: F Z Z AB , ln F = 4,5.10 N
Cu 3: Ba in tch im q1 = q2 = q3 = q = 1,6.10-19C t trong chn khng ti ba nh ABC ca mt tam
gic u cnh a = 16cm. Xc nh vect lc tc dng ln q3.
r
S: F c phng AB, ln F = 9 3 .10-27N
Cu 4: Ba in tch im q1 = 27.10-8C, q2 = 64.10-8C, q3 = -10-7C t trong khng kh ti ba nh ABC ca
mt tam
vect lc tc dng ln q3.
r gic vung ti C. Bit AC = 30cm, BC = 40cm. Xc nh
-4

S: F hng t C O trung im ca AB , ln F = 45.10 N


Cu 5: Ba in tch im q1 = 6.10-9C, q2 = q3 = -8.10-9C t trong khng kh ti ba nh ABC ca mt tam
-9
gic u
C ti tm ca tam gic.
r cnh a = 6cm. Xc nh vect lc tc dng ln q0 = 8.10
-4

S: F c phng BC hng t A BC , ln F = 8,4.10 N


Cu 6*: Bn in tch ging nhau t 4 nh ca mt t din u cnh a. Tm ln lc in tc dng ln
mi in tch
Giao vin: Dng Vn Tinh

T Vt L Cng Ngh Trng Quc Hc Quy Nhn

Ti liu n tp Vt l 11 c bn v nng cao


q2
S: F = 6.k. 2
a
Cu 7*: C hai in tch q1 = + 2.10-6 (C), q2 = - 2.10-6 (C), t ti hai im A, B trong chn khng v cch
nhau mt khong 6 (cm). Mt in tch q3 = + 2.10-6 (C), t trn ng trung trc ca AB, cch AB mt
khong 4 (cm). ln ca lc in do hai in tch q1 v q2 tc dng ln in tch q3
S: F = 17,28 (N).
Dng 3: Bi ton cn bng ca mt in tch, h in tch
Cu 1: Hai in tch im q1 = 2.10-8C, q2 = -8.10-8C t ti A, B trong khng kh, AB = 8cm. Mt in tch
q3 t ti C. Hi:
a) C u q3 cn bng?
b) Du v ln ca q3 q1, q2 cng cn bng?
S: CA = 8cm, CB = 16cm
Cu 2: Hai in tch im q1 = 2.10-8C, q2 = 8.10-8C t ti A, B trong khng kh, AB = 9cm. Mt in tch
q3 t ti C. Hi:
a) C u q3 cn bng?
b) Du v ln ca q3 q1, q2 cng cn bng?
S: CA = 3cm, CB = 6cm
Cu 3: Mt h in tch c cu to gm mt ion dng +e v hai ion m nm cn bng. Bit khong cch
gia hai ion m l a. B qua trng lng cc ion.
a) Hy cho bit cu trc ca h v khong cch gia ion dng v ion m (theo a)
b) Tnh in tch ca mt ion m (theo e)
S: a) Ba ion nm trn cng mt ng thng, ion dng nm chnh gia
b) q =- 4e
Cu 4: Ti ba nh ca mt tam gic u, ngi ta t 3 in tch dng ging nhau c ln l q 1 = q2 = q3
= q. Phi t in tch q0 u, du v ln (theo q) nh th no h cn bng?
S: q0 trng tm ca tam gic q0 = -

3
q
3

Cu 5: Hai qu cu nh kim loi ging nhau mi qu c in tch q khi lng m =10g treo bi hai dy
cng chiu di l = 30cm vo cng mt im. Gi qu cu I c nh theo phng thng ng dy treo qu
cu II s lch mt gc = 600 so vi phng thng ng. Cho g = 10m/s2. Tm q?
mg
= 106 C
k

S: q = l

Cu 6: Hai qu cu nh kim loi ging nhau mi qu c khi lng m =5g treo bi hai dy cng chiu di
l = 10cm vo cng mt im O. Hai qu cu tip xc nhau. Tch in cho mt qu cu th thy hai qu cu
y nhau cho n khi hai dy treo hp vi nhau mt gc = 600 . Cho g = 10m/s2. Tnh in tch truyn
cho qu cu
S: q = 2l

mg

tan 3, 58.10 7 C
k
2

Cu 7*: Hai qu cu nh kim loi ging nhau c treo bi hai dy cng chiu di l vo cng mt im,
c tch in nh nhau v cch nhau mt on a = 5cm (a = l ). Chm nh tay vo mt qu cu. Tnh
khong cch gia chng sau .
S:

a
3

Cu 8*: Hai qu cu nh kim loi ging nhau mi qu c in tch cng du l q1, q2, c treo bi hai dy
cng chiu di vo cng mt im O. Hai qu cu y nhau v gc hp gia hai dy treo l = 600 . Cho hai
qu cu tip xc nhau, ri th ra th chng y mnh hn v gc hp gia hai dy treo by gi l = 900 .
Tnh t s

q1
q2

S: 11,77 v 0,085
Giao vin: Dng Vn Tinh

T Vt L Cng Ngh Trng Quc Hc Quy Nhn

Ti liu n tp Vt l 11 c bn v nng cao


IN TRNG
Dng 1: Xc nh cng in trng to bi in tch im.
Xc nh lc in trng tc dng ln in tch im
Cu 1: in tch im q = 10-5 C t tai im O trong khng kh
a) Tnh vect cng in trng ti im M cch in tch im mt on 10cm
b) Xc nh lc in trng do in tch im q tc dng ln in tch im q ' = -10-7C t ti M. Suy ra
lc in do in tch im q' tc dng ln in tch im q
ur
uuuu
r
r
ur
r
r
S: a) E Z Z OM ; E = 9.106 V/m b) F Z [ E ; F = 0,9N; F/ = F
Cu 2: in tch im q = -10-5 C t tai im O trong khng kh
a) Tnh vect cng in trng ti im M cch in tch im mt on 10cm
'
-7
b) u
Xc
lc
do inrtch im
r nh
uuu
u
r in trng
ur q tc dng ln in tch im q = -10 C t ti M.
6
S: a) E Z [ OM ; E = 9.10 V/m b) F Z [ E ; F = 0,9N
Cu 3: Cho hai im A v B cng trn mt ng sc ca mt in trng do in tch im q gy ra.
Bit ln cng in trng ti A , B ln lt l E 1, E2 v A gn O hn B. Tnh cng in trng
ti M l trung im ca on AB
q
4
E=k
=
2
2
rA + rB
1
1
S:

2
E
E B
A

Cu 4: Cng in trng ca mt in tch im ti A bng 36V/m, ti B bng 9V/m. Hi cng


in trng ti M l trung im ca on AB? Bit hai im A, B nm trn cng mt ng sc
q
E=k
2
S:
rA + rB = 16V/m

2
Cu 5: Prtn c t trong in trng u E = 1,7.106V/m
a) Tnh gia tc ca prtn, cho khi lng prtn l mP = 1,7.10-27kg
b) Tnh vn tc ca prtn sau khi i c on ng 20cm (cho vn tc lc u bng 0)
S: a) 1,6.1014m/s2
b) v = 8.106m/s
6
Cu 6: Electrn xut pht t im M vi
ur vn tc
uu
r v0 = 4.10 m/s, chuyn ng dc theo chiu ng sc ca
mt in trng u c E= 910V/m, ( E Z Z v0 ).
a) Electrn i c qung ng di bao nhiu th vn tc ca n bng khng?
b) Sau thi gian bao lu k t lc xut pht, electrn li tr v im M?
S: a) s = 5cm.
b) Sau electrn chuyn ng nhanh dn u ngc chiu vi ng sc cng vi a = 1,6.1014m/s2
2v
t = 0 =5.10-8(s)
a
Cu 7: Mt electrn chuyn ng vi vn tc ban u v0 = 106 m/s dc theo mt ng sc in ca mt
in trng u c mt qung ng s =1cm th dng li. Xc nh cng in trng.
mv 02
S: E =
= 284,375V/m
2eS
Cu 8*: Hai qu cu nh khi lng m, M mang in tch q v +Q
ur tng ng (Q > q). Ban u hai qu cu
cch nhau mt khong bng l , c t trong in trng u E hng t m n M. Hy tm cng
ur
in trng E v gia tc chuyn ng ca cc qu cu, bit rng khong cch gia hai qu cu khng i.
B qua tc dng ca trng lc.
q.Q ( M + m )
k(Q q)qQ r
;a= 2
S: E=k 2
, a hng t m n M
l ( Mq + mQ )
l (Mq + mQ)
Cu 9*: Mt git mc c khi lng m= 1,3.10-10kg mang in tch q = -1,5.10-10C i vo min gia hai bn,
ban u chuyn ng dc theo trc Ox nm ngang vi vn tc v0 = 18m/s. Chiu di L ca cc bn l 1,6cm.
Giao vin: Dng Vn Tinh

T Vt L Cng Ngh Trng Quc Hc Quy Nhn

Ti liu n tp Vt l 11 c bn v nng cao


ur

Cc bn c tch in tri du, to ra gia hai bn mt in trng u c E hng t trn xung theo
phng thng ng Oy, ln E = 1,4.106V/m. Tm lch theo phng thng ng ca git mc mp ra
ca cc bn. (B qua tc dng ca trng lc ln git mc).
S: h =

q EL2
2mv02

= 0,64mm

Dng 2: Xc nh cng in trng tng hp


Cu 1: Hai in tch im q1 = q2 = q = 10-9 C t c nh ti A, B; vi AB = 2cm. Xc nh vc t cng
in trng ti
a) M trung im ca on AB
b) N cch A 1cm cch B 3cm.
c) C hp vi A, B thnh tam gic u
ur
q
4
S: a) EM =0; b) EN = 105V/m hng t N ra xa A c) EC = 3k 2 3,9.10 V/m, E AB
a
-10
-10
Cu 2: Hai in tch im q1 = 10 C, q2 = -9.10 C t c nh ti A, B; vi AB = a = 2cm. Xc nh vc
t cng in trng ti
a) M trung im ca on AB
b) N cch A 1cm cch B 2cm.
S: a) EM =72.103 V/m hng t M n A; b) EN = 0 V/m
Cu 3: Hai in tch im q1 = q2 = q = 10-10 C t c nh ti A, B; vi AB = 2a = 6cm. Mt im M nm
trn ng trung trc AB cch AB mt on x.
a) Xc nh vc t cng in trng ti im M khi x = 4cm.
b)* Xc nh v tr ca M (nm trn ng trung trc AB) cng in trng ti M t gi tr cc
i. Tnh gi tr cng in trng ti M lc ny.
q.x
a
q
ur
E M = 2k
= 2,12cm ; E Mmax = 4k
= 769, 6V / m
S: a)
b) x =
2
2 3 = 576 V/m, E AB
2
3 3.a 2
(a +x )
ur

Cu 4: Mt in tch im q = 10-9 C t c nh ti A trong in trng u c E hng t trn xung


theo phng thng ng Oy, ln E = 4.10 4V/m. Xc nh ln cng in trng tng hp ti M
cch A mt on r = 1,73 cm = 3 cm. (Bit OA nm trn phng ngang Ox)
S: EM = 5.104 V/m
Cu 5: Ti 3 nh ca mt tam gic u, cnh a = 10cm c 3 in tch im ging nhau q = 10nC. Hy xc
nh cng in trng ti
a) trung im mi cnh tam gic.
b) tm ca tam gic
q
S: EM = 4k 2 =12000 V/m; EG = 0
3a
Cu 6: Ba im A, B, C trong urkhng kh to thnh tam gic vung ti A. AB = 3 cm, AC = 4cm, vect
cng in trng tng hp E C ti C c phng song song vi AB. Xc nh cng in trng tng
ur
hp E C ti C v q2.
S: EC = 1,5.104 V/m; q2 = 12,5.10-9 C
Cu 7: Cho bn in tch cng ln q t ti bn nh hnh vung cnh a. Tm cng in trng ti
tm O hnh vung trong trng hp bn in tch ln lt c du:
a) +, +, +, +
b) +, -, +, c) +, -, -, +
kq
S: a) E = 0; b) E = 0 c) E = 4 2 2
a
*
Cu 8 : Mt mt ng h c cc in tch m q, -2q, -3q,,-12q, c t c nh v tr cc s tng
ng. Cc kim ng h khng lm nhiu lon in trng tng hp ca cc in tch im. Hi gi no th
kim ch gi cng chiu vi vect cng in trng tm mt ng h?
S: 9gi 30pht

Giao vin: Dng Vn Tinh

T Vt L Cng Ngh Trng Quc Hc Quy Nhn

You might also like