Trng THPT chuyn Lng Vn Chnh

Lp 12 Ton II
n v: T I
Nm hc 2011-2012
LI NI U
Nu nh kin thc l 1 sa mc ct ln th chng ta ch l 1 ht ct nh b trong sa mc
ln
Chnh v vy hc tp v nghin cu khoa hc s khng bao gi l tha c.Hiu c
ngha to ln ca cu chm ngn trn nn cc thnh vin trong t 1 chng ti khng ngng
hc hi v nghin cu v 1 chuyn rt quen thuc vi cc bn hc sinh trung hc ph thng
chng ta v cng khng bao gi vng mt trong cc k thi tuyn sinh i hc v Cao ng .
chnh l Tch phn , mt dng ton c v nh mi l khi chng ta va mi nhn thy nhng
khi chng ta nghin cu k n chng ta s cm thy n cng khng kh lm.V qua nhiu thi
gian nghin cu v Tch phn t chng ti nghin cu chi tit v tng hp phng php
gii cng nh cc v d t d n kh.Chu trch nhim v phn Tch phn lin kt v c bit
nn trong chuyn ny ch yu trnh by v cc dng ton lin quan n dng ny
Qua tp chuyn ny ca t chng ti , chng ti hy vng s gip ch 1 phn no
b sung kin thc cho cc bn v hn na l cho cc bn chun b tt hn cho k thi i hc v
Cao ng sp ti.
Trong lc tng hp chuyn ny, cc thnh vin trong t c gng ht sc mnh
nhng cng khng sao trnh khi nhng sai st rt mong nhn c s ng h v gp t mi
ngi.
2
MC LC
Li ni u..............................................................................................................Trang 2
A.TCH PHN C BIT
Dng 1......................................................................................................................Trang 4
Dng 2......................................................................................................................Trang 4
Dng 3......................................................................................................................Trang 6
Dng 4......................................................................................................................Trang 6
Dng 5......................................................................................................................Trang 7
Dng 6......................................................................................................................Trang 9
Dng 7......................................................................................................................Trang 9
Dng 8....................................................................................................................Trang 11
Dng 9....................................................................................................................Trang 12
Bi tp....................................................................................................................Trang 13
Bi Tp ngh.....................................................................................................Trang 19
B.TCH PHN LIN KT
................................................................................................................................Trang 20
Li kt, t liu tham kho,thanh vin thc hin...............................................Trang 23
3
TCH PHN C BIT & TCH PHN LIN KT
A.TCH PHN C BIT
Dng1 .Nu f(x) lin tc v l hm l trn [-a;a] th
Chng minh: t t x dt dx
( ) ( )
( ) 0
a
a
f x f x
I f t dt I I I

V d: 1.
2
2
2
0
4 sin
xdx
I
x

2.I=
1
1
2
ln 0
2
x
dx
x

Dng 2.Cho hm s
( ) y f x
lin tc v chn trn on
[ ] ; a a
. Khi
0
( ) 2 ( )
a a
a
I f x dx f x dx

.
Chng minh : Ta c
0
0
( ) ( ) ( )
a a
a a
I f x dx f x dx f x dx

+

(1)
Ta tnh
0
( )
a
J f x dx

bng cch t ( )
0 x t t a dx dt
0 0
0 0
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
a a
a a
J f x dx f t dt f t dt f x dx

(2)
4
Thay (2) vo (1) ta c
0
( ) 2 ( )
a a
a
I f x dx f x dx

V d:
1. Tnh tch phn:
2
2
2
cos
4 sin
x x
I dx
x

Gii: Ta c
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
cos cos
4 sin 4 sin 4 sin
x x x x
I dx dx dx
x x x



+
+


Do
1 2
( )
4 sin
x
f x
x

l hm s l trn
;
2 2

1

1
]
nn
2
2
2
0
4 sin
x
dx
x

v
2 2
cos
( )
4 sin
x
f x
x

l hm s chn trn
;
2 2

1

1
]
nn ta c:

( )
2 2 2
2 2
0
2 2
cos cos (sin )
2 2
4 sin 4 sin (sin 2) sin 2
x x d x
dx dx
x x x x




+ +

Vy
1 sin 2 1
ln ln3 2
2 sin 2 2
0
x
I
x

+
.
2.
1 1
2 2 1 0
2
1 1
dx dx
I
x x x x

+ +

Gii:
1 1
2 2 1 0
2
1 1
dx dx
x x x x

+ +

n y t
cos x u
. p S:
2
I

5
Dng 3.Cho hm s
( ) y f x
lin tc v chn trn on
[ ] :
.
vi f(x) l hm s chn
Chng minh: i bin t=-x , v s dng tnh cht hm s chn.
( ).
2 ( )
1
a a x
x
a a
f x m dx
I f x dx
m


+

=> dpcm
V d:
1.I=
2
sin
3 1
x
xdx

Gii: p dng tnh cht trn ta c:

I=
2
sin
3 1
x
xdx

=
2
0 0
1
sin (1 cos )
2 2
I xdx x dx

2.I=
1 2
1
1
2 1
x
x
dx

+
+

Cch lm tng t. p s: I=4/3

Dng 4.Cho f(x) lin tc trn on
0;
2
1
1
]
.Khi

2 2
0 0
(sin ) (cos ) f x dx f x dx

.
Chng minh:
t
2
t x dx dt

Khi x = 0 th
2
t

, khi
2
x

th t = 0
Do
0 2 2 2
0 0 0
2
(sin ) (sin( ) (cos ) (cos )
2
f x dx f t dt f t dt f x dx

.
V d
6
1.Chng minh: I=
2
0
sin
sin cos 4
n
n n
x
dx
x x

.
p dng tnh cht trn ta c :
I=
2 2
0 0
sin cos
sin cos sin cos
n n
n n n n
x x
dx dx
x x x x

+ +

=J
Vy I+J=
2 2
0 0
sin cos
sin cos sin cos 2
n n
n n n n
x x
dx dx
x x x x

+
+ +

Vy I=
2
0
sin
sin cos 4
n
n n
x
dx
x x

.
Dng 5.Nu
( ) f x
lin tc v
( ) ( ) f a b x f x +
th
Chng minh
t x a b t dx dt +
Khi : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
a b b
b a a
I a b t f a b t d t a b f t dt tf t dt + + +

2 ( ) ( ) ( )
2
b b
a a
a b
I a b f x I f x
+
+

H qu : *Nu f(x) lin tc trn [ ]
0;1
th
(sin ) (sin )
2
xf x dx f x dx

*Nu f(x) lin tc trn [ ]
0;1
th
2 2
(cos ) (cos )

xf x dx f x dx

V d:
1. Tnh tch phn
7
2. Tnh :
Gii: t
Khi :
3. Tnh tch phn:
2
0
sin
1 cos
x x
dx
x

.
Gii:
t ( ) 0 x t t dx dt
.
Khi
( ) ( )
( )
0
2 2
0
sin
sin
1 cos 1 cos
t t
x x
dx dt
x t

+ +



2 2
0 0
2 2
0 0
sin sin
1 cos 1 cos
sin sin
1 cos 1 cos
t t t
dt dt
t t
x x x
dx dx
x x

+ +

+ +



2 2
0 0
sin sin
2
1 cos 1 cos
x x x
dx dx
x x

+ +

8
Vy
2
2 2
0 0
sin sin
1 cos 2 1 cos 4
x x x
dx dx
x x



+ +

.
Dng 6 Nu
( ) f x
lin tc v
( ) ( ) f a b x f x +
th ( ) 0
b
a
f x dx

Chng minh

( ) ( ) ( ) 0
a b
b a
x a b t dx dt
I f a b t d t f t dt I I
+
+

.
V d
1.
2
0
1 inx
ln( )
1 cos
s
dx
x

+
+

Gii: .
t:
2
x t dx dt

Khi
2 2 2
0 0 0
1 sin( )
1 cos 1 sin
2
ln( ln( ) ln( )
1 sin 1 cos
1 cos( )
2
0
x
x x
I dx dx dx I
x x
x
I

+
+ +

+ +
+


Dng 7) Nu f(x) lin tc trn[0;2a] vi a>0 th
2
0 0 0
( ) ( ) (2 ) ( )
a a a
f x dx f x dx a x f x dx +

Chng minh:
2
0 0 0
( ) ( ) (2 ) ( )
a a a
f x dx f x dx a x f x dx +

V d:
9
1.
3
0
sin .sin 2 .sin 3 .sin 5 I x x x xdx

Gii:
Vit I li di dng

Xt tch phn
3
3
2
sin .sin 2 .sin3 .sin5 J x x x xdx

t 3 x t dx dt
3
3
2
3
0
3
0
sin(3 )sin 2(3 )sin3(3 )sin5(3 )
sin .sin 2 sin3 sin5
sin .sin 2 sin3 sin5
0
J t t t t dt
t t t tdt
x x x xdt
I

Dng 8.Nu lin tc trn R v tun hon vi chu k T th

2
0
2
( ) ( ) ( ) ,
T
a T T
T
a
f x dx f x dx f x dx a R
+

Chng minh
V d
1.
2007
0
sin x dx

Hm s tun hon vi chu k

.Ta c:
10
2007 2 2007
0 0 2006
0 0
sin sin sin ..... sin
2007 sin 2007 sin 5014
x dx x dx x dx x dx
x dx xdx



+ + +



2.
2
2
0
ln(sin 1 sin ) I x x dx

+ +

Gii: Hm s tun hon vi chu l 2 . Do :

p dng tnh cht trn

2
2 2
0
ln(sin 1 sin ) ln(sin 1 sin ) I x x dx x x dx


+ + + +

t t x dt dx
2 2 1
2
ln( sin 1 sin ) ln(sin 1 sin )
ln(sin 1 sin ) 0
I t t dt t t dt
t t dt I I

+ + + +
+ +

Dng 9.Nguyn hm , tch phn ca v lng gic , tnh qua o hm

=>
v
Vi k=1 cn rt gn c:
-Cn
11
12
BI TP
Bi 1:Tnh
( )
1 cos
2
0
1 sin
ln
1 cos
x
x
I dx
x

+
+

=
( ) ( ) ( )
2
0
1 cos ln 1 sin ln 1 cos x x x dx

1 + + +
]
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
0 0
1 cos ln 1 sin ln 1 cos x x dx x dx

+ + +

t
2
t x dt dx

i cn :
0
2
x t




0
2
x t

2
0
1 cos ln 1 sin ln 1 cos
2 2 2
I t t t dt

1 1 1 _ _ _
+ + +
' )
1 1 1
, , , ] ] ]

( ) ( ) ( )
2
0
1 sin ln 1 cos ln 1 sin t t t dt

1 + + +
]
( ) ( ) ( )
2
0
1 sin ln 1 cos ln 1 sin x x x dx

1 + + +
]
= J
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
0
1 sin ln 1 cos ln 1 sin 1 cos ln 1 sin ln 1 cos I J x x x x x x dx

1 1 + + + + + + + +
] ]
( ) ( )
2
0
sin ln 1 cos cos ln 1 sin x x x x dx

1 + + +
]
( ) ( )
2 2
1 2
0 0
sin ln 1 cos cos ln 1 sin x x dx x x dx A A

+ + + +

*Tnh ( )
2
1
0
sin ln 1 cos A x x dx

t 1 cos sin t x dt xdx +

i cn :
0 2; 1
2
x t x t

1 2 2
2
1
1
2 1 1
ln ln ln 2ln 2 1 A tdt tdt t t dt

* Tnh ( )
2
2
0
cos ln 1 sin A x x dx

13
t 1 sin cos t x dt xdx +
i cn :
0 1; 2
2
x t x t

2
2
1
ln 2ln 2 1 A tdt

Vy I + J =2I = ( ) 2 2ln 2 1 2ln 2 1 I

Bi 2: Tnh:
2
2
sin sin 2 cos5
1
x
x x x
E dx
e

0 2
0
2
sin sin 2 cos5 sin sin 2 cos5
1 1
x x
x x x x x x
dx dx
e e

+
+ +

Tnh
0
1
2
sin sin 2 cos5
1
x
x x x
E dx
e

t t x dt dx . i cn:
; 0 0
2 2
x t x t


( ) ( ) ( )
0
1
2
sin sin 2 cos 5
1
t
t t t
E
e

=
2 2
0 0
sin sin 2 cos5 . sin sin 2 cos5
1 1
t x
t x
t t t e e x x xdx
dt
e e

+ +

Vy
2 2
0 0
sin sin 2 .cos5 . sin .sin 2 .cos5 .
1 1
x
x x
e x x x dx x x x dx
E
e e

+
+ +

( )
2 2
0 0
1
sin .sin 2 .cos5 . cos3 cos cos5
2
x x x dx x x xdx



( )
2
0
1
cos5 .cos3 cos5 .cos
2
x x x x dx

( )
2
0
1
cos8 cos 2 cos 6 cos 4
4
x x x x dx

2
0
1 1 1 1 1
sin8 sin 6 sin 4 sin 2 0
4 8 6 4 2
x x x x

_
+

,
Bi 3: . Tnh tch phn
4
2
0
cos 2 2 2 sin
4
2sin 2 2 cos 1
4 4
x x
I dx
x x


_
+ +

,

_ _
+ + + +

, ,

t
4
x x dx dt

. i cn :
0 ; 0
4 4
x t x t


14
Khi :
( )
4 4
2 2
0 0
2sin cos 2
sin 2 2 2 sin
2sin 2 2 cos 1 2cos 2 2 cos 3
t t
t t
I dt dt
t t t t

+ + + +

t u =cost
sin du tdt
.i cn :
2
0 1;
4 2
t u t u

1 1
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
2
2 2 2 3 2 3 2
2 2
u u
I du du
u u
u u


_ _ + +
+

, ,

1
1
2 2
2 2
1 3 2 1 1 2 3 2
3 2 ln ln
4 4 2 2 2 3 2
2 2
du u u
u u
_

1 _ _

+ + +
1


1 , , ]
+

,

=
1 2 1 3 2 2
3 2 ln ln
4 2 2
_ _ _
+
+

, , ,
Bi4:. Tnh tch phn:
2008
0
1 cos 2 I xdx

Do ( ) 1 cos 2 f x x
l hm lin tc v tun hon c chu k T , nn ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 3
0 2 1
....
T T T nT
T T n T
f x dx f x dx f x dx f x dx

Suy ra :
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
0 0 1 0
...
nT T T nT T
T n T
f x dx f x dx f x dx f x dx n f x dx

+ + +

Do :
2008
2
0 0 0
1 cos 2 2008 1 cos 2 2008 2sin I xdx xdx xdx



( )
0
0
2008 2 sin 2008 2 cos 4016 2 xdx x

Bi 5 : Tnh A
4 9 10
8
0
sin 6 cos
1 cos 16
x x
dx
x

Ta c :
2 4 9 10 9 10
8 8
0 2
sin 6 cos sin 6 cos
1 cos 16 1 cos 16
x x x x
A dx
x x

+
+ +

Mt khc ( )
9 10
8
sin 6 cos
1 cos 16
x x
f x
x

+
l hm s tun hon c chu k
2 T
Nn
4 2 2 2 9 10 9 10 9 10
8 8 8
2 2 0
sin 6 cos sin 6 cos sin 6 cos
1 cos 16 1 cos 16 1 cos 16
x x x x x x
dx dx dx
x x x


+

+ + +

Do :
2 9 10 9 10
8 8
0
sin 6 cos sin 6 cos
2 2
1 cos 16 1 cos 16
x x x x
A dx dx
x x

+ +

M : ( )
9 10
8
sin 6 cos
1 cos 16
x x
f x
x

+
l hm s l trn [ ]
,
nn A = 0
15
Bi 6 :Tnh B =
5
4
4 4
sin 2
cos sin
x
dx
x x

Ta c :
( )
4 4
2
sin 2 sin 2
1
cos sin
1 sin 2
2
x x
f x
x x
x

+

l hm s tun hon c chu k

T
4 4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
0 0
sin 2 sin 2 2sin cos
cos sin cos sin cos sin
x x x x
B dx dx dx
x x x x x x

+

+ + +

( )
4
2 4
0
2tan
cos 1 tan
xdx
x x

t
2
2
2tan
tan
cos
xdx
t x dt
x

,
i cn :
0 ; 1
4 4
x t x t


( )
2
1 4 4
2 2
0 0 0
1 tan
1 1 tan 4
u
dt
B du du
t u

+

+ +

vi
tan t u
Bi 8 : Tnh tch phn :
( )
1
2
2
0
ln 1
2 2 1
x
I dx
x x

t ( )
2
1 2 tan 2 1 tan x t dx t dt +
Ta c :
4
0
1 tan
ln
2
t
I dt

+ _

t
4
u t

ta c :
( )
4 4 4
0 0 0
1 tan
1 4
ln ln ln 1 tan
2 1 tan
u
I du du u du
u
_ _
+

_
,
+

+
,

,

4 4 4
0 0 0
1 tan
ln ln 2 ln 2
2
u
I du du I du

+ _


,

4
4
0 0
1 1
ln 2 ln 2. ln 2
2 2 8
I du u

Bi 9 : Tnh tch phn :

2 6
0
cos
cos 2
x
E dx
x

16
t
2 6
1
0
sin
cos 2
x
E dx
x

Ta c :
2 2 6 6
1
0 0
cos sin
cos 2 cos 2
x x dx
E E dx E
x x

+
+

( )
( )
6 6 6
2 2
0 0 0
sin 2
cos 2 1 1 1 1
sin 2
1 sin 2 2 1 sin 2 4 1 sin 2 1 sin 2
d x
x
dxE d x
x x x x

_
+

+
,

( )
6
0
1 1 sin 2 1
ln ln 2 3
4 1 sin 2 2
x
x

+
+

(1)
* Tng t :
2 2 6 6
1
0 0
cos sin
cos 2 6
x x
E E dx dx
x




(2)
Cng (1) vi (2) v theo v ta c : ( )
1
ln 2 3
4 12
E

+ +
Bi 10 : Tnh tch phn :
( )
4 2
3 3
0
os sin
1
os sin
c x x
dx
c x x

t :
2 0, . , 0
2 2
dx dt
x t
x t x t

( )
4
4
3 3
3 3
os sin
sin cos ( ) 2 2
( )
os sin
sin os
2 2
c t t dt
t t dt
f x dx
c t t
t c t


_ _

, ,

+ _ _
+

, ,
Do :
( )
0 4 4 2
3 3 3 3
0
2
sin cos ( ) sin cos
2
sin os sin os
t t dt x xdx
I
t c t x c x

+ +

. Cng (1) v (2) v vi v :
Suy ra :
( )
3 3
4 4 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
0 0 0
sinxcosx sin os
os sin sin cos 1
2 sin 2
sin os sin os 2
x c x
c x x x x
I dx dx xdx
x c x x c x

+
+

+ +

Vy :
1 1
os2x
2
8 4
0
I c


17
Bi tp ngh
1. Tnh
2. Tnh
3.

+

4
0
2 cos 1
)

dx
x
x
I f
4.

4
0
2
. tan )

dx x x I k
5.
6.
7.

+
4
0
) 1 ln( 4 sin

dx tgx x
8.
1
2
0
ln(1 )
1
x
dx
x
+
+

B. TCH PHN LIN KT

18
L tuyt: Cc bi tch phn dng ny ri vo tch phn lng gic l ch yu v
mt s dng khc. Trong nhiu trng hp vic tnh tch phn I phc tp, ta tm cch xt
thm tch phn J (gi l tch phn lin kt, c quan h vi I) sao cho ta tnh c mI+nJ
v nI-mJ (thng l I+J, I-J) tng i d dng, t suy ra I.Sau y l mt s v d
minh ha cho dng ny:
bi
1.
3
6
cos
s inx cos
xdx
I
x

2.
4
4 4
0
cos
sin x cos
xdx
T
x

3.
1
0
x
x x
e dx
M
e e

4.
2
1
x
x x
e dx
G
e e

5.
2
ax
0
osb ( ; 0)
b
R e c xdx a b

6.
2
2
0
os
x
U e c xdx

7.
4
2
0
os . os2 A c x c xdx

8.
2
4
0
os
x
E e c xdx

9.
2
1
sin(ln )
e
P x dx

10.
2 6
0
cos
cos 2
x
W dx
x

19
Hng dn gii:
1.
3
6
sin
sinx cos
xdx
J
x

, I+J=
6

v I-J=0;
2.
4
4 4
0
sin
sin x cos
xdx
P
x

, T P + v 0 T P ;
3.
1
0
x
x x
e dx
M
e e

, M+N=1 v
2
1
ln
2
e
M N
e
+

;
4.
2
1
x
x x
e dx
H
e e

,
2
ln( 1) 1; 1 G H e G H + + ;
5. t
ax
cos u bx
dv e dx

'

ri dn n
2
ax
0
sinb
b
S e xdx

, khi aR-bS=-1, li t
ax
sin u bx
dv e dx

'

li c aR+bS=
2
a
b
e

;
10.
2 6
0
sin
cos 2
x
Z dx
x

khi
1
W ln tan ;W
2 4 6
Z x Z

_
+ +

,
11. Xt hai tch phn:
1
0 0
os .sin x ; os .cos .sin x ;
n n
I c x dx J c x nx dx n N

a. Chng minh rng: I + J = 0.
b. Tnh:
1
0
os .sin( 1)x
n
K c x n dx

12. (H QG TP. HCM A01- 02):

t
2
6
sin
sin 3 cos 0
xdx
I
x x

+
v
2
6
cos
sin 3 cos 0
xdx
J
x x

+
a. Tnh I-3J v I+J.
20
b. T cc kt qu trn hy tnh cc gi tr ca I, J v: T =
5
3
cos 2
cos 3sin 3
2
xdx
x x

13. (H Cn Th A99- 00)

a. Cho hm s f lin tc trn (0 ; 1). CMR:
2 2
(sin ) (cos )
0 0
f x dx f x dx

b. S dng kt qu trn tnh:
3
2
cos
sin cos
0
xdx
I
x x

+
v
3
2
sin
sin cos
0
xdx
J
x x

+
14**. Tnh I = ( ) ( )
3
2010
2011
2 4
1
2 2 1 2012 sin
2
x
x x x dx

1
+
1
]

Ta c : ( ) ( )
3 3
2010
2011
2 4
1 1
2 2 1 2012 sin
2
x
I x x x dx dx

1
+ +
1
]

+Xt tnh phn ( ) ( )
3
2010
2011
2
1
2 2 1 2012 J x x x dx

1
+
1
]

t 2 x t dx dt
i cn :
1 3; 3 1 x t x t
Do :
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
1 3
2010
2010
2 2011 2011
2
3 1
2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 J t t t dt t t t dt

1
1
+ +
1 1
]
]

( ) ( )
3
2010
2011
2
1
2 2 1 0 t t t dt J J

1

1
]

+Xt tch phn :

3
4
1
2012 sin
2
x
K dx

Ta c :
( )
2
3 3
2
1 1
1 cos
2012 503 1 2cos 2 cos
2
x
J dx x x dx

_
+

,

( )
3
3
1 1
503 503 1
3 4cos 2 cos 4 3 2sin 2 sin 4 3018
2 2 4
x x dx x x x

_
+ +

,

Vy I = J + K =0 + 3018 =3018
21
Li kt:
Tch phn c bit v tch phn lin kt ngy cng xut hin nghiu trong cc thi Ton.
Hai loi tch phn ny thuc vo dng kh nn cn tm hiu nhiu mi lm c. Trn y
l mt s dng bi tp v v d minh ha kh r nt v 2 loi tch phn ny. Tuy nhin
nng lc v kinh nghim ca chng em cn thiu st, rt mong thy( c) thng cm v gp
kin, b sung.
Cc thnh vin trong t tham gia thc hin:
1.inh Tn Hng 2. Nguyn Ch Thanh
3.L Hunh c 4.ng Bo Huy
5.on Phc Tn 6.Nguyn i Li
7.Trnh Tho Kha 8.Nguyn Th H
9.Nguyn Th Tuyt Linh
22