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S GIO DC & O TO
HO BNH

HNG DN CHM THI HSG GII TON BNG MY TNH

CM TAY CP TNH NM HC 2011 - 2012

BS: Phm Mn

Mn: Vt l cp THPT - Ngy thi: 08/02/2012

QUY NH CHUNG:
+ im mi cu l 5 im, 2,5 im cho phn li gii Vt l, 2,5 im cho kt qu v thao tc my.
+ Kt qu sai s ch s thp phn th 4 tr 1 im, sai s ch s thp phn th 3 tr 1,5 im, sai s
ch s thp phn th 2 tr 2 im, sai ch s n v cui cng tr 2,5 im.
+ Phn li gii Vt l, hc sinh lm khc p n nhng ng bn cht Vt l, cho kt qu ng vn c
im ti a.
+ Nu hc sinh c cch trnh by s dng cc chc nng ca my tnh cho kt qu bi ton chnh xc m
khng bin i Vt l th vn cho im ti a.
Bi 01: Mt mch dao ng in t l tng gm t in c in dung C=50F v cun dy c t cm
L=5mH. Khi mch dao ng, in p cc i trn t in l 6V. Tnh cng dng in trong mch ti
thi im in p trn t in bng 4V.
n v tnh: Cng dng in (A).
Bo ton nng lng trong mch:

1
1
1
CU 02 Cu 2 Li 2
2
2
2

C (U 02 u 2 )
L

[2,5]

Thay s, bm my c: i=0,4472135955
i=0,4472A [2,5]

Kt qu:

Bi 02: Mt vt chuyn ng c biu thc ta : x=8cos(20t-/7)+10sin(20t+/10)-5sin(20t-/2) (cm,s).

Hy xc nh ta , vn tc ca vt cc thi im: t1=1,1103s; t2=2,114s; t3=3,5680s; t4=4,1250s;
t5=5,6320s
n v tnh: Ta (cm); vn tc (cm/s)
+ Nhp my biu thc ca x, s dng chc nng CALC thay ln lt cc gi tr ca t, tnh c cc gi tr
ca x ng vi cc thi gian t tng ng: {Lu t ch tnh gc theo n v rad}
+ Nhp my chc nng tnh vi phn ca x, ln lt thay gi tr ca t c cc gi tr ca v tng ng.
+ C th dng phng php tng hp dao ng ri thay s tnh x, o hm ri thay cn tnh v.
t(s)
t1=1,1103
t2=2,1140
t3=3,5680
t4=4,1250
t5=5,6320
x(cm)
-17,7139
-14,8755
0,5920
19,9313
7,9936
Kt qu:
v(cm/s)
-188,4322
269,2732
-401,0979
-46,0117
368,0495
5
1
1
1
1
1
Bi 03: Mt l xo nh c cng k, u trn c nh, u di gn vi vt nh khi lng m=100g. Ly g
trong b nh my tnh, ko vt xung di theo phng thng ng n v tr l xo dn l=5cm ri th nh.
Vt dao ng iu ha theo phng thng ng vi c nng ton phn W=0,8.10-3J. Xc nh cng k
ca l xo.
n v tnh: cng (N/m).

mg
(1)
k
Do th nh nn v tr l xo dn l l v tr bin: l l0 A (2)
Ti v tr cn bng l xo dn mt on: l0

C nng ton phn: W

1 2
2W
(3)
kA A
2
k
Trang 1/4

[0,5]
[0,5]
[0,5]

Thay (1) v (3) vo (2) c: l

0,05

mg
2W

k
k

[1]

0,1.const 35
2.0,8.103

(4) Gii (4) c k

x
x

Kt qu:

23,49067431N/m
23,4907 [2,5]

Bi 04: Hai ngun kt hp cng phng A, B cch nhau 10cm to ra sng ngang lan truyn trn mt nc
c phng trnh dao ng l uA=5cos(20t+/10)(mm,s); uB=6cos(20t-/12)(mm). Coi bin sng khng
gim khi truyn i, tc truyn sng trn mt nc l 0,1m/s. Xc nh vn tc dao ng ca im M trn mt
nc cch A on d1=8,250cm cch B on d2=11,125cm thi im t=9,111s
n v tnh: vn tc (mm/s)
+ C f=10Hz =v/f=0,1/10=0,01m=1cm
+ Phng trnh sng ti M do A truyn ti: uAM=5cos(20t+/10-2d1/)
uAM=5cos(20t+/10-2.8,25)
[1]
+ Phng trnh sng ti M do A truyn ti: uBM=6cos(20t-/12-2d2/)
uBM=6cos(20t-/12-2.11,125)
[1]
+ Phng trnh dao ng tng hp ti M: uM=uAM+uBM
[0,5]
uM=10,94024022cos(20t-1,142362667)(cm,s)
(Dng my tnh ch s phc tng hp nhanh hai dao ng ni trn)
+ Vn tc ca M: vM=u'M. Dng chc nng tnh vi phn ca my tnh gi tr vM ti t=9,111s:
vM=299,7435185mm/s
Kt qu:

vM=299,7435(mm/s) [2,5]

Bi 05: Cho mch in xoay chiu c s nh hnh v. Bit

UAM=UMN=25V, UNB=175V, uAB=1752cos100t(V). Xc nh h s cng
A
sut ca mch in.
T u bi, ta dng c gin vect nh hnh.
[1]
Gi Ur l x ta c: (AM+x)2=AB2-HB2=AB2-(NB- MN 2 x 2 )2

U MN

Ur

U AN
N

[1,5]
A

C
N

UL

(25+x)2=1752-(175- 252 x 2 )2
Dng chc nng Slove d nghim c kt qu
x=24(V)
T c:
k=cos=AH/AB=(25+24)/175=0,28

L,r

UR

B
U AB

UC

Kt qu:

k=0,28.

Trang 2/4

[2,5]

Bi 06: Cho mch in nh hnh bn. Ngun in c sut in ng E=9V, in tr trong

r=0,5, in tr R0=2,7, bin tr AB c gi tr cc i bng 10 . Hy xc nh v tr
ca con chy C (in tr ca phn AC trn bin tr) cng sut tiu th mch ngoi
bng 8 W. Coi rng in tr ca cc dy ni nh khng ng k.
n v tnh: in tr ().

E, r

R0

Gi in tr ca bin tr trn phn AC l x.

R .x
in tr mch ngoi R 0 RAB x .
x R0

E, r
[0,5]
R0

E
Cng dng in mch chnh : I
Rr
2
Cng sut tiu th mch ngoi: P=R.I

9
2,7.x

8
10 x
2,7 x
2,7.x 10 x 0,5
2,7 x

[0,5]
[0,5]

[1]

Gii phng trnh (d nghim ln 1 t "0" ra nghim x1, d nghim ln 2 t "1" ra nghim x2), ta tm c
x1 -1,1737 (loi); x2 2,0761
Kt qu:

RAC= 2,0761. [2,5]

Bi 07: Chiu mt chm nh sng trng song song, hp (coi nh mt tia sng) vo mt bn ca mt lng
knh c gc chit quang A, di gc ti i. Khi gc ti i=A-100 th tia mu vng c gc lch cc tiu. Hy
tnh gc to bi tia l mu v tia l mu tm trong trng hp ny. Bit chit sut ca cht lm lng knh
i vi nh sng , nh sng vng v nh sng tm ln lt l n=1,5100, nv=1,5150 v nt=1,5210. Lng
knh c t trong khng kh, coi chit sut ca khng kh bng 1.
n v tnh: gc (, pht, giy).
A
A
. sin( A 10) nv sin
2
2
Thay s, d nghim c A=48,32956674 suy ra i=38,32956674
p dng cc cng thc lng knh sin i n sin r ; A=r + r; sin i ' n sin r ' ; D=i+i-A ;
r=24,24993572 ; r=24,07963102 ; i=38,03108688 ; D=28,03108688;
rt=24,06341359 ; rt=24,26615316 ; it=38,68911076 ; Dt=28,68911076 ;
Gc lch gia tia v tia tm : =Dt-D=it-i=0,6580238859 =003928,89

Khi tia mu vng c gc lch cc tiu th sin i nv sin

[1]
[1]
[0,5]

=003928,89 [2,5]

Kt qu:

Bi 08: Ngy Tt, em pha tr mi khch. u tin em cn trng v lm nng m chn. Gi s lm iu

, em rt 25g nc nng 990C ln lt vo cc chn s khi lng 50g ang nhit 180C ca
phng, lc nh v u cho cn bng nhit ri sang chn tip theo. Coi qu trnh trao i nhit, nhit
lng khng ta ra bn ngoi v lng nc mt i khng ng k. Xc nh nhit cn bng ca nc v
chn khi nc c sang chn th 6. Bit nhit dung ring ca nc l Cn=2399J/kgK, nhit dung ring
ca cc s l Cc=802J/kgK.
+ Qu trnh trao i nhit ca nc v chn th nht: mnCn (t0 t1 ) mcCc (t1 t p ) (t0=990C, tp=180C)
t1

mn Cnt0 mc Cc t p
Cn mn mc Cc

+ Tng t cho ln trao i nhit ca nc v chn th 2:

t2

mnCnt1 mc Cc t p
Cn t0 mc Cc

+ Tng t cho ln trao i nhit ca nc v chn th n:

Trang 3/4

[1]

 tn

mn Cntn 1 mc Cc t p

[1,5]

Cn t0 mc Cc

S dng bin ANS vi kh nng tnh lp ca my tnh, bm my c kt qu: 21,75280C

Thao tc:
+ Nhp: [99] [=] 99
+ Nhp biu thc

25 x2399 xANS 50 x802 x18

25 x2399 50 x802

+ n [=] ln 1: t1=66,54330C
+ n [=] ln 2: t2=47,09210C
+ n [=] ln 3: t3=35,43490C
+ n [=] ln 4: t4=28,44870C
+ n [=] ln 5: t5=24,26190C
+ n [=] ln 6: t6=21,75280C
Kt qu:

t6=21,75280C [2,5]

Bi 09: T mt mt phng ngang rng, ngi ta bn mt vin bi vi vn tc u v0=40m/s hp vi phng

ngang gc =500. Va chm gia bi v sn lm hng vn tc thay i tun theo quy lut phn x gng,
ln vn tc gim cn 90% so vi vn tc trc lc va chm. Ly g trong b nh my tnh. Tnh khong
cch t im nm n im chm mt ngang ln th 20 ca vin bi.
n v tnh: khong cch: (m).
v 2 sin 2
Tm xa ca ln bay v chm mt ngang ln th 1: L1 0
g

Tm xa ca ln bay v chm mt ngang ln th 2: L2

0,9 v02 sin 2

g

Tm xa ca ln bay v chm mt ngang ln th 3: L2

0,92.2 v02 sin 2

g

1.2

[1]

...........

Tm xa ca ln bay v chm mt ngang ln th n: L2

0,92.( n 1) v02 sin 2

g

[1,5]

Tm xa t lc bn n v tr chm mt ngang ln th n l:
v02 sin 2 n
2.( i 1)
L L1 L2 ... Ln

0,9
i 1

+ Vi n=20, thay s, bm my ta c: L=833,1630388m

Kt qu:

L=833,1630m. [2,5]

Bi 10: Mt electron ang bay vi vn tc v0=2,1.107m/s hng dc theo

chiu dng trc Ox th bay vo vng in trng vi cc ng sc cng
x
l

hng vi trc Ox cng in trng E 400 1 , trong l l chiu di

ca vng c in trng (hnh v). Bit l=20cm. Xc nh vn tc ca electron
ngay khi n va bay ra khi vng c in trng.
n v tnh: Vn tc: (m/s)
+ Theo nh l ng nng: W-W0=A
0,2

x
l

+ Vi A qe Ed e.400 1 dx = -8,545113639.10-18(J)
0

+ T c:

2A 2
1
1
v0 =20548451,83m/s
me v 2 me v02 A v
me
2
2

Kt qu:

v=20548451,83m/s

Trang 4/4

[1,5]
[1]
[2,5]

v0