Chuyende - Luong Tu Anh Sang

CHUYN : LNG T NH SNG
A. TM TT L THUYT
I. Hin tng quang in(ngoi) - Thuyt lng t nh sng.
a. Hin tng quang in
Hin tng nh sng lm bt cc electron ra khi mt kim loi gi l hin tng quang in ngoi (gi tt l hin
tng quang in).
b. Cc nh lut quang in
+ nh lut quang in th nht (nh lut v gii hn quang in):
i vi mi kim loi nh sng kch thch phi c bc sng ngn hn hay bng gii hn quang in

0
ca kim
loi , mi gy ra c hin tng quang in:
0
.
+ nh lut quang in th hai (nh lut v cng dng quang in bo ha):
i vi mi nh sng thch hp (c
0
), cng dng quang
in bo ha t l thun vi cng chm nh sng kch thch.
+ nh lut quang in th ba
(nh lut v ng nng cc i ca quang electron):
ng nng ban u cc i ca quang electron khng ph thuc
vo cng ca chm sng kch thch, m ch ph thuc vo bc
sng nh sng kch thch v bn cht kim loi.
c. Thuyt lng t nh sng
+ Chm nh sng l chm cc phtn (cc lng t nh sng). Mi phtn c nng lng xc nh (nng lng ca 1
ph tn = hf (J). Nu trong chn khng th
c h
f h
.
.

f l tn s ca sng nh sng n sc tng ng.
h=6,625.10
-34
J.s : hng s Plank; c =3.10
8
m/s : vn tc nh sng trong chn khng.
+ Cng chm sng t l vi s phtn pht ra trong 1 giy.
+ Phn t, nguyn t, electron pht x hay hp th nh sng, ngha l chng pht x hay hp th phtn.
+ Cc phtn bay dc theo tia sng vi tc c = 3.10
8
m/s trong chn khng.
+ Nng lng ca mi phtn rt nh. Mt chm sng d yu cng cha rt nhiu phtn do rt nhiu nguyn t, phn
t pht ra. V vy ta nhn thy chm sng lin tc.
+Phtn ch tn ti trong trng thi chuyn ng. Khng c phtn ng yn.
d. Gii thch cc nh lut quang in
+ Cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in: hf =
hc
= A +
2
1
mv
2
max 0
.
+ Gii thch nh lut th nht: c hin tng quang in th nng lng ca phtn phi ln hn hoc bng cng
thot: hf =
hc
A =
0
hc

0
;
-vi
0
l gii hn quang in ca kim loi:
0
=
A
hc

-Cng thot ca e ra khi kim loi :
0
.
c h
A
-Tn s sng nh sng gii hn quang in :
0
0
c
f

vi : V
0
l vn tc ban u cc i ca quang e (n v ca V
0
l m/s)

0
l gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catot (n v ca
0
l m; m; nm;pm)
m (hay m
e
) = 9,1.10
-31
kg l khi lng ca e; e = 1,6.10
-19
C l in tch nguyn t ; 1eV=1,6.10
-19
J.
+Bng gi tr gii hn quang in
Cht kim loi
o
( m)
Cht kim loi

o
( m)
Cht bn dn

o
( m)
Bc 0,26 Natri 0,50 Ge 1,88
ng 0,30 Kali 0,55 Si 1,11
Km 0,35 Xesi 0,66 PbS 4,14
Nhm 0,36 Canxi 0,75 CdS 0,90
e. Lng tnh sng - ht ca nh sng
+nh sng va c tnh cht sng, va c tnh cht ht. Ta ni nh sng c lng tnh sng - ht.
+Trong mi hin tng quang hc, nh sng thng th hin r mt trong hai tnh cht trn. Khi tnh cht sng th hin
r th tnh cht ht li m nht, v ngc li.
GV: an Vn Lng Email: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 1
I
boha
I
O
U
h
U
+Sng in t c bc sng cng ngn, phtn c nng lng cng ln th tnh cht ht th hin cng r, nh hin
tng quang in, kh nng m xuyn, kh nng pht quang,cn tnh cht sng cng m nht.
+Tri li sng in t c bc sng cng di, phtn ng vi n c nng lng cng nh, th tnh cht sng li th hin
r hn nh hin tng giao thoa, nhiu x, tn sc, , cn tnh cht ht th m nht.
II. Hin tng quang in trong.
a. Cht quang dn
Cht quang dn l nhng cht bn dn, dn in km khi khng b chiu sng v dn in tt khi b chiu nh sng
thch hp.
b. Hin tng quang in trong
Hin tng nh sng gii phng cc electron lin kt chng tr thnh cc electron dn ng thi to ra cc l
trng cng tham gia vo qu trnh dn in, gi l hin tng quang in trong.
c. Quang in tr
c ch to da trn hiu ng quang in trong. l mt tm bn dn c gi tr in tr thay i khi cng
chm nh sng chiu vo n thch hp.
d. Pin quang in
Pin quang in l ngun in trong quang nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng. Hot ng ca pin da
trn hin tng quang in trong ca mt s cht bn dn ( ng xit, slen, silic,...). Sut in ng ca pin thng c
gi tr t 0,5 V n 0,8 V
Pin quang in (pin mt tri) tr thnh ngun cung cp in cho cc vng su vng xa, trn cc v tinh nhn to,
con tu v tr, trong cc my o nh sng, my tnh b ti.
III. So snh hin tng quang in ngoi v quang in trong:
So snh Hin tng quang in ngoi Hin tng quang dn
Vt liu Kim loi Cht bn dn
Bc sng as kch thch Nh, nng lng ln (nh tia t ngoi) Va, nng lng trung bnh (as nhn thy..)
Do u im ch cn as kch thch c nng lng nh (bc sng di nh as nhn thy) nn hin tng quang in trong
c ng dng trong quang in tr (in tr thay i khi chiu as kch thch, dng trong cc mch iu khin t ng)
v pin quang in (bin trc tip quang nng thnh in nng)
IV. Hin tng quangPht quang.
a. S pht quang
+ C mt s cht khi hp th nng lng di mt dng no , th c kh nng pht ra cc bc x in t
trong min nh sng nhn thy. Cc hin tng gi l s pht quang.
+ Mi cht pht quang c mt quang ph c trng cho n.
b.Hunh quang v ln quang- So snh hin tng hunh quang v ln quang:
So snh Hin tng hunh quang Hin tng ln quang
Vt liu pht quang Cht kh hoc cht lng Cht rn
Thi gian pht quang
Rt ngn, tt rt nhanh sau khi tt as
kch thch
Ko di mt khong thi gian sau khi tt as kch
thch (vi phn ngn giy n vi gi, ty cht)
c im - ng dng
As hunh quang lun c bc sng
di hn as kch thch (nng lng
nh hn- tn s ngn hn)
Bin bo giao thng, n ng
c. nh lut Xtc v s pht quang( c im ca nh sng hunh quang )
nh sng pht quang c bc sng
hq
di hn bc sng ca nh sng kch thch
kt
:
hf
hq
< hf
kt
=>
hq
>
kt
.
d.ng dng ca hin tng pht quang
S dng trong cc n ng thp sng, trong cc mn hnh ca dao ng k in t, tivi, my tnh. S
dng sn pht quang qut trn cc bin bo giao thng.
V. Mu nguyn t Bo.
a. Mu nguyn t ca Bo
+Tin v trng thi dng
-Nguyn t ch tn ti trong mt s trng thi c nng lng xc nh E
n
, gi l cc trng thi dng. Khi trng thi
dng, nguyn t khng bc x.
-Trong cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t, electron chuyn ng quanh ht nhn trn nhng qu o c bn knh
hon ton xc nh gi l qu o dng.
-Cng thc tnh qu o dng ca electron trong nguyn t hyr: r
n
= n
2
r
0
, vi n l s nguyn v
r
0
= 5,3.10
-11
m, gi l bn knh Bo (lc e qu o K)
Trng thi dng n 1 2 3 4 5 6
Tn qu o dng K L M N O P
Bn knh: r
n
= n
2
r
0
r
0
4r
0
9r
0
16r
0
25r
0
36r
0
Nng lng e Hidro
2
13, 6
( )
n
E eV
n
=-
2
13, 6
1
-
2
13, 6
2
-
2
13, 6
3
-
2
13, 6
4
-
2
13, 6
5
-
2
13, 6
6
-
Nng lng electron trong nguyn t hir:
2
13,6
( )
n
E eV
n
=-
Vi n N
*
.
-Bnh thng, nguyn t trng thi dng c nng lng thp nht gi l trng thi c bn. Khi hp th nng lng
th nguyn t chuyn ln trng thi dng c nng lng cao hn, gi l trng thi kch thch. Thi gian nguyn t
trng thi kch thch rt ngn (c 10
-8
s). Sau nguyn t chuyn v trng thi dng c nng lng thp hn v cui
cng v trng thi c bn.
+ Tin v s bc x v hp th nng lng ca nguyn t
-Khi nguyn t chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
sang trng thi dng c nng lng E
m
nh hn th
nguyn t pht ra mt phtn c nng lng: = hf
nm
= E
n
E
m
.
-Ngc li, nu nguyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
m
m hp th c mt phtn c nng lng hf ng
bng hiu E
n
E
m
th n chuyn sang trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
ln hn.
-S chuyn t trng thi dng E
m
sang trng thi dng E
n
ng vi s nhy ca electron t qu o dng c bn knh
r
m
sang qu o dng c bn knh r
n
v ngc li.

b. Quang ph pht x v hp th ca nguyn t hidr
-Nguyn t hir c cc trng thi dng khc nhau E
K
, E
L
, E
M
, ... .
Khi electron chuyn ng trn cc qu o dng K, L, M, ...
-Khi electron chuyn t mc nng lng cao (E
cao
) xung mc
nng lng thp hn (E
thp
) th n pht ra mt phtn c nng lng xc nh: hf = E
cao
E
thp
.
-Mi phtn c tn s f ng vi mt sng nh sng n sc c bc sng =
f
c
, tc l mt vch quang ph c mt
mu (hay mt v tr) nht nh. iu l gii quang ph pht x ca hir l quang ph vch.
-Ngc li nu mt nguyn t hir ang mt mc nng lng E
thp
no m nm trong mt chm nh sng trng,
trong c tt c cc phtn c nng lng t ln n nh khc nhau, th lp tc nguyn t s hp th mt phtn
c nng lng ph hp = E
cao
E
thp
chuyn ln mc nng lng E
cao
. Nh vy, mt sng nh sng n sc b
hp th, lm cho trn quang ph lin tc xut hin mt vch ti. Do quang ph hp th ca nguyn t hir cng
l quang ph vch.
VI. S lc v laze.
Laze l mt ngun sng pht ra mt chm sng cng ln da trn vic ng dng hin tng pht x cm ng.
a.. c im ca laze
+ Laze c tnh n sc rt cao.
+ Tia laze l chm sng kt hp (cc phtn trong chm c cng tn s v cng pha).
+ Tia laze l chm sng song song (c tnh nh hng cao).
+ Tia laze c cng ln. V d: laze rubi (hng ngc) c cng ti 10
6
W/cm
2
.
b. Mt s ng dng ca laze
+ Tia laze c dng nh dao m trong phu thut mt, cha mt s bnh ngoi da (nh tc dng nhit), .
+ Tia laze dng truyn thng thng tin bng cp quang, v tuyn nh v, iu khin con tu v tr, ...
+ Tia laze dng trong cc u c a CD, bt ch bng, bn , th nghim quang hc trng ph thng, ...
+ Tia laze c dng trong o c , ngm ng thng ...
+ Ngoi ra tia laze cn c dng khoan, ct, ti, ...chnh xc cc vt liu trong cng nghip.
B. CC DNG BI TP
I. HIN TNG QUANG IN:
hp th

bc x

hf
mn
E
n
E
m
hf
nm
Nguyn tc thnh cng: Suy ngh tch cc; Cm nhn am m; Hnh ng kin tr !
Chc cc em hc sinh THNH CNG trong hc tp!
Su tm v chnh l: GV: on Vn Lng
Email: doanvluong@yahoo.com ; doanvluong@gmail.com;
T: 0915718188 0906848238
1 . Cc cng thc:
+Nng lng ca phtn nh sng: = hf . Trong chn khng: =
hc
.
+Cng thc Anhxtanh: hf =
hc
= A +
2
1
mv
2
max 0
=
0
hc
+ W
dmax
;
+Gii hn quang in :
0
=
A
hc
;
+ Cng thot ca e ra khi kim loi :
0
.
c h
A
v
0Max
l vn tc ban u ca electron quang in khi thot khi catt
f, l tn s, bc sng ca nh sng kch thch
+ dng quang in trit tiu th U
AK
U
h
(U
h
< 0):
2
0 ax
2
M
h
mv
eU =
U
h
gi l hiu in th hm
Lu : Trong mt s bi ton ngi ta ly U
h
> 0 th l ln.
+ Xt vt c lp v in, c in th cc i V
Max
v khong cch cc i d
Max
m electron chuyn ng trong
in trng cn c cng E c tnh theo cng thc:
2
ax 0 ax ax
1
2
M M M
eV mv e Ed = =
+ Vi U l hiu in th gia anot v catot, v
A
l vn tc cc i ca electron khi p vo ant, v
K
= v
0Max
l
vn tc ban u cc i ca electron khi ri catt th:
2 2
1 1
2 2
A K
eU mv mv = -
+S ht photn p vo:
pt pt
N = =
hc
+Cng sut ca ngun sng:
n P

n
l s photon pht ra trong mi giy.
l lng t nh sng.
+Cng dng quang in bo ha:
e n I
e bh

(Gi s n= n
e
, vi n l s electron n c Ant)
e
n
l s quang electron bc ra khi catot mi giy = n s electron ti anot mi giy

e
l in tch nguyn t.
+Hiu in th hm:
2
0
1
/ /
2
h e
eU mv
+Hiu sut lng t:
n
n
H
e
Hay :
bh
I hc
H =
p e
e
n
l s electron bc ra khi catot kim loi mi giy.
n
l s photon p vo catot trong mi giy.
2 . Cc HNG S Vt L v I N V Vt L :
+Hng s Plank: h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s
+Vn tc nh sng trong chn khng: c = 3.10
8
m/s
+in tch nguyn t : |e| = 1,6.10
-19
C; hay e = 1,6.10
-19
C
+Khi lng ca e : m (hay m
e
) = 9,1.10
-31
kg
+i n v: 1eV=1,6.10
-19
J. 1MeV=1,6.10
-13
J.
+Cc hng s c ci sn trong my tinh cm tay Fx570MS; Fx570ES; 570ES Plus bng cc lnh:
[CONST] Number [0 40] ( xem cc m lnh trn np ca my tnh cm tay ) .
+Lu : Khi tnh ton dng my tnh cm tay, ty theo yu cu bi c th nhp trc tip cc hng s t
bi cho , hoc nu mun kt qu chnh xc hn th nn nhp cc hng s thng qua cc m lnh
CONST [0 40] c ci t sn trong my tinh! (Xem thm bng HNG S VT L di y)
*HNG S VT L - I N V VT L TRONG MY TNH CM TAY.
a.Cc hng s vt l :
Vi my tnh cm tay, ngoi cc tin ch nh tnh ton thun li, thc hin cc php tnh nhanh, n gin v chnh xc
th phi k ti tin ch tra cu mt s hng s vt l v i mt s n v trong vt l. Cc hng s vt l c ci
sn trong b nh ca my tnh vi n v trong h n v SI. Cc hng s thng dng l:
Hng s vt l M s Cch nhp my :
My 570MS bm: CONST 0 40 =
My 570ES bm: SHIFT 7 0 40 =
Gi tr hin th
Khi lng prton (m
p
) 01 Const [01] = 1,67262158.10
-27
(kg)
Khi lng ntron (m
n
) 02 Const [02] = 1,67492716.10
-27
(kg)
Khi lng lectron (m
e
) 03 Const [03] = 9,10938188.10
-31
(kg)
Bn knh Bo (a
0
) 05 Const [05] = 5,291772083.10
-11
(m)
Hng s Plng (h) 06 Const [06] = 6,62606876.10
-34
(Js)
Khi lng 1u (u) 17 Const [17] = 1,66053873.10
-27
(kg)
Hng s Faray (F) 22 Const [22] = 96485,3415 (mol/C)
in tch lectron (e) 23 Const [23] = 1,602176462.10
-19
(C)
S Avgar (N
A
) 24 Const [24] = 6,02214199.10
23
(mol
-1
)
Hng s Bnzman (k) 25 Const [25] = 1,3806503.10
-23
(SI)
Th tch mol kh iu kin
tiu chun (V
m
)
26 Const [26] = 0,022413996 (m
3
)
Hng s kh l tng (R) 27 Const [27] = 8,314472 (J/mol.K)
Tc nh sng trong chn
khng (C
0
) hay c
28 Const [28] = 299792458 (m/s)
Hng s in mi ca chn
khng (
0
)
32 Const [32] = 8,854187817.10
-12
(SI)
Hng s t mi ca chn
khng (
0
)
33 Const [33] = 1,256637061.10
-6
(SI)
Gia tc trng trng ti mt
t (g)
35 Const [35] = 9,80665 (m/s
2
)
Hng s Rydberg R
H
(R)
16 Const [16] = 1,097373157.10
7
(m
-1
)
Hng s hp dn (G) 39 Const [39] = 6,673.10
-11
(Nm
2
/kg
2
)
-V d1: My 570ES:
Cc hng s Thao tc bm my Fx 570ES Kt qu hin th mn hnh Ghi ch
Hng s Plng (h)
SHIFT 7 CONST 06 = 6.62606876 .10
-34
J.s
Tc nh sng trong
chn khng (C
0
) hay c
SHIFT 7 CONST 28 = 299792458 m/s
in tch lectron (e)
SHIFT 7 CONST 23 = 1.602176462 10
-19
C
Khi lng lectron (m
e
)
SHIFT 7 CONST 03 = 9.10938188 .10
-31
Kg
Hng s Rydberg R
H
(R) SHIFT 7 CONST 16 =
1,097373157.10
7
(m
-1
)
b. i n v ( khng cn thit lm):Vi cc m lnh ta c th tra bng in np ca my tnh.
- My 570ES bm Shift 8 Conv [m s] =
-V d 2: T 36 km/h sang ? m/s , bm: 36 Shift 8 [Conv] 19 = Mn hnh hin th : 10m/s
My 570MS bm Shift Const Conv [m s] =
3. Cc dng bi tp: Cho 1 eV = 1,6.10
-19
J ; h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
Dng 1: Tnh gii hn quang in, cng thot v vn tc cc i ban u ca e quang in
khi bt ra khi Katot.
a.PPG: -Gii hn quang in:
0
=
A
hc
; Cng thot
0
.
c h
A
; A: J hoc eV; 1eV =1,6.10
-19
J
-Phng trnh Anhxtanh:hf =
hc
= A +
2
1
mv
2
max 0

-ng nng cc i:
max
0
1 1
( )
d
W hc

<=>
2
0
0
1
2
hc hc
mv

+
=>
0
0
2 1 1
( )
e
hc
v
m

-Cc hng s :
34 8 19
6, 625.10 ; 3.10 / ; 1, 6.10 h c m s e C

;
31
9,1.10
e
m kg
b.Cc V d :
V d 1: Gii hn quang in ca km l
o
= 0,35 m. Tnh cng thot ca lectron khi km?
HD gii: T cng thc:
0
hc hc
A
0
A
>

34 8
6, 625.10 .3.10
6
0, 35.10
=5,67857.10
-19
J =3,549eV
Bm my tnh: phn s SHIFT 7 06 h X SHIFT 7 28 Co 0,35 X10x
-6
= 5.6755584x10
-19
J
i sang eV: Chia tip cho e: Bm chia SHIFT 7 23 = Hin th: 3,5424 eV
Nhn xt: Hai kt qu trn khc nhau l do thao tc cch nhp cc hng s !!!
V d 2: (TN-2008): Gii hn quang in ca ng (Cu) l
0
= 0,30 m. Bit hng s h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s v
vn tc truyn nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s. Cng thot ca lectrn khi b mt ca ng l
A.6,625.10
-19
J. B. 6,265.10
-19
J. C. 8,526.10
-19
J. D. 8,625.10
-19
J.
HD Gii: Cng thot:
. J 6,625.10
10 . 3 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
19 -
6
8 34
0

hc
A
p n A
V d 3: Gi hn quang in ca Ge l
o
= 1,88 m. Tnh nng lng kch hat (nng lng cn thit
gii phng mt lectron lin kt thnh lectron dn) ca Ge?
HD gii: T cng thc:
0
hc hc
A
0
A
>

34 8
6, 625.10 .3.10
6
1,88.10
=1,057.10
-19
J = 0,66eV
V d 4: Mt kim loi c cng thot l 2,5eV. Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi :
A. 0,4969
m B. 0,649
m C. 0,325
m D. 0,229
m
HD Gii : Gii hn quang in
34 8
19
hc 6.625.10 .3.10
0
A 2.5.1, 6.10
=4,96875.10
-7
m = 0,4969 m .p n A
V d 5: Gii hn quang in ca KL dng lm Kotot l 0,66 m. Tnh:
1. Cng thot ca KL dng lm K theo n v J v eV.
2. Tnh ng nng cc i ban u v vn tc cc i ca e quang in khi bt ra khi K, bit nh sng
chiu vo c bc sng l 0,5 m .
HD gii: 1.
0
hc hc
A
0
A
>
=1,875eV=3.10
-19
J .
2.
max
0
1 1
(
d
W hc

) = 9,63.10
-20
J =>
0
0
2 1 1
( )
e
hc
v
m

Th s:
34 8
0
31 6
2.6, 625.10 .3.10 1 1
( )
9,1.10 .10 0, 5 0, 66
v

= 460204,5326 = 4,6.10
5
m/s
V d 6: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot bng 3,5eV.
a. Tm tn s gii hn v gii hn quang in ca kim loi y.
b. Khi chiu vo catt mt bc x c bc sng 250 nm c xy ra hin tng quang in khng?
-Tm hiu in th gia A v K dng quang in bng 0.
-Tm ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in.
-Tm vn tc ca cc lectron quang in khi bt ra khi K.
HD gii:
a.Tn s gii hn quang in: f = c/
0
= A/h = 3,5.1,6.10
-19
/6,625.10
-34
= 0,845.10
15
Hz.
Gii hn quang in
o
= hc/A = 6,625.10
-34
.3.10
8
/3,5.1,6.10
-19
= 3,55.10
-7
m. =0,355 m
b. V = 250 nm =0,250 m <
o
= 0,355 m nn xy ra hin tng quang in
- dng quang in trit tiu th cng ca in trng phi trit tiu ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang.

2 2 34 8
19 0 0
19 8
1 1 6, 625.10 .3.10
( ) ( 3, 5.1, 6.10 )
2 2. 1, 6.10 25.10
h h
mv mv hc
eU U A
e e
=> U
h
= - 1,47 V
-ng nng ban u cc i
2
0
/ / 1, 47
2
h
mv
eU eV = 1,47.1,6.10
-19
= 2,35.10
-19
J = 0,235.10
-18
J
Hay : W

=
,
_
,
_
8 8
8 34
0
2
0
10 . 5 , 35
1
10 . 25
1
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
1 1
hc
2
mv
= 0,235.10
-18
J
-Vn tc ca lectron
5
31
18
0
10 . 19 , 7
10 . 1 , 9
10 . 235 , 0 . 2 2

m
W
v
m/s.
Dng 2: Lin h gia ng nng ban u( vn tc ban u)v hiu in th hm gia 2
cc ca A v K trit tiu dng quang in.
PPG . -PT Anhxtanh: hf =
hc
= A +
2
1
mv
2
max 0
.
- nh l ng nng:
max
.
d
eUh W =>
0
1 1
( )
h
hc
U
e

V d 1: Ta chiu nh sng c bc sng0,42 m vo K ca mt tbq. Cng thot ca KL lm K l 2eV.
trit tiu dng quang in th phi duy tr mt hiu in th hmU
AK
bng bao nhiu?
HD Gii:
0
1 1
( )
h
hc
U
e

Tnh c Uh= - 0,95V
V d 2: Chiu chm bc x in t c tn s f = 5,76.10
14
Hz vo mt ming kim loi th cc quang electron
c vn tc ban u cc i l v = 0,4.10
6
m/s. Tnh cng thot electron v bc sng gii hn quang in ca
kim loi .
HD Gii : A = hf -
2
0
2
1
mv
= 3,088.10
-19
J;
0
=
A
hc
= 0,64.10
-6
m.
V d 3: Cng thot electron khi kim loi natri l 2,48 eV. Mt t bo quang in c catt lm bng natri,
khi c chiu sng bng chm bc x c = 0,36 m th cho mt dng quang in c cng bo ha l
3 A. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in v s electron bt ra khi catt trong 1 giy.
HD Gii: W
d0
=
hc
- A = 1,55.10
-19
J; v
0
=
m
W
d 0
2
= 0,58.10
6
m/s; n
e
=
e
I
bh
= 1,875.10
13
.
V d 4: Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,438 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit kim loi lm
catt ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in l
0
= 0,62 m. Tm in p hm lm trit tiu dng
quang in.
HD Gii : W
d0
=
hc
-
0
hc
= 1,33.10
-19
J; U
h
= -
e
W
d 0
= - 0,83 V.
V d 5: Chiu mt bc x in t c bc sng vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit cng thot
electron ca kim loi lm catt l 3eV v cc electron bn ra vi vn tc ban u cc i l 7.10
5
m/s. Xc
nh bc sng ca bc x in t v cho bit bc x in t thuc vng no trong thang sng in t.
HD Gii : = 2
0
2
1
mv A
hc
+
= 0,215.10
-6
m; bc x thuc vng t ngoi.
V d 6: Chiu bc x c bc sng 0,405 m vo mt tm kim loi th cc quang electron c vn tc ban
u cc i l v
1
. Thay bc x khc c tn s 16.10
14
Hz th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron l
v
2
= 2v
1
. Tm cng thot electron ca kim loi.
HD Gii: f
1
=
1
c
= 7,4.10
14
Hz;
2
1
2
1
mv
= hf
1
A;
2
2
2
1
mv
= 4
2
1
2
1
mv
= hf
2
A
4 =
A hf
A hf
1
2
A =
3
4
2 1
hf hf
= 3.10
-19
J.
V d 7: Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,4 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit cng thot
electron ca kim loi lm catt l A = 2 eV, in p gia ant v catt l U
AK
= 5 V. Tnh ng nng cc i
ca cc quang electron khi ti ant.
HD Gii : W
0
=
hc
- A = 8,17.10
-19
J; W
max
= W
0
+ |e|U
AK
= 16,17.10
-19
J = 10,1 eV.
V d 8: Catot ca t bo quang in lm bng ng, cng thot khi ng l 4,47eV.
Cho bit: h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ; e = 1,6.10
-19
(C).
a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng.
b. Chiu ng thi 2 bc x in t c bc sng
1
= 0,210 (m) v
2
= 0,320 (m) vo catot ca t bo
quang in trn, phi t hiu th hm bng bao nhiu trit tiu hon ton dng quang in.
HD Gii :
a. Tnh
0
.Gii hn quang in ca ng:
0
=
( 278 , 0
10 . 6 , 1 . 47 , 4
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
19
8 34

A
hc
m).
b. Tnh U
h
:
1
<
0
<
2
do ch c
1
gy

ra hin tng quang in.
iu kin dng quang in trit tiu: max h AK
W eU U e >
.
) ( 446 , 1
1
max
V A
hc
e e
W
U
,
_
>
V d 9: Tnh nng lng, ng lng v khi lng ca photn ng vi cc bc x in t sau y:

a. Bc x c = 0,76 m.
b. Sng v tuyn c = 500 m.
c. Tia phng x c f = 4.10
17
KHz. Cho bit c = 3.10
8
m/s ; h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s
HD Gii :
a. Bc x c = 0,76 m.
- Nng lng: = hf =
) ( 10 . 15 , 26
10 . 76 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
20
6
8 34
J
- ng lng: =
) / . ( 10 . 72 , 8
28
s m kg
c

. - Khi lng: m =
2
c
= 2,9.10
-36
(kg).
b. Sng v tuyn c = 500 m. Tng t, ta c: - Nng lng: = hf = ) ( 10 . 975 , 3
28
J
- ng lng: =
) / . ( 10 . 325 , 1
36
s m kg
c

. - Khi lng: m =
2
c
= 4,42.10
-45
(kg).
c. Tng t:- Nng lng: = hf = 26,5.10
-14
(J).
- ng lng: =
) / . ( 10 . 8 , 8
22
s m kg
c

. - Khi lng: m =
2
c
= 0,94.10
-31
(kg).
Dng 3: Cho U
AK
> 0 hy tnh vn tc ca e khi p vo Anot.
PPG: Gi v l vn tc ca e khi p vo Anot. p dng nh l ng nng:

2 2
0
1 1
2 2
AK
mv mv eU =>
2 2
0
1 1
2 2
AK
mv mv eU + =>
2
1
2
AK
mv A eU + +
2
0
1 1 1
( )
2
AK
mv hc eU

+
=> v ....
Dng 4: Cho cng sut ca ngun bc x. Tnh s Phton p vo Katot sau thi gian t
PPG: Nng lng ca chm photon ri vo Katot sau khong thi gian t: W = P.t
-S photon p vo Katot:
. .
.
W P t
n
h c

-Cng sut ca ngun : P = n
.. (n

l s photon tng ng vi bc x pht ra trong 1 giy).
-Cng dng in bo ho : I
bh
= n
e
.e .(n
e
l s electron quang in t catot n anot trong 1 giy).
-Hiu sut quang in : H =
n
n
e

V d 1: Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng n sc c =0,6 m s pht ra bao nhiu photon trong 10s nu
cng sut n l P = 10W.Gii:
6
20
34 8
. . 10.0, 6.10 .10
3, 0189.10
. 6.625.10 .3.10
W P t
n
hc
= 3,02 .10
20
photon
V d 2: Ngun Laser mnh pht ra nhng xung bc x c nng lng 3000 W J . Bc x pht ra c bc sng
nm 480
. Tnh s photon trong mi bc x ?
HD Gii : Gi s photon trong mi xung l
n
.(
l nng lng ca mt photon)

Nng lng ca mi xung Laser: W n
9
21
34 8
. 3000.480.10
7, 25.10
. 6, 625.10 .3.10
W W
n
h c
photon
Dng 5: Cho cng dng quang in bo ho. Tnh s e quang in bt ra khi Katot
sau khong thi gian t.
PPG: in lng chuyn t K A : q= I
bh
.t = n
e
.e =>
. bh
e
I t q
n
e e

Gi n
e
l s e quang in bt ra Kaot ( n
e
n

);
Gi n l s e quang n c Ant ( n n
e ,
Khi I

= I
bh
. Th n = n
e
)

Lu : Nu khng cho r % e quang in bt ra v c Anot th lc ta c th cho n= n
e
= n

V d 1: Cho cng dng quang in bo bo l 0,32mA. Tnh s e tch ra khi Katot ca t bo quang
in trong thi gian 20s bit ch 80% s e tch ra v c Anot.
HD Gii: H =
n
n
e
= 0,8 => n
=
e
n
H
Hay:
.
.
bh
I t
n
e H
.Th s:
3
16
19
0,32.10 .20
5.10
1,6.10 .0,8
n hat

V d 2: Mt t bo quang in c catt lm bng Asen c cng thot electron bng 5,15 eV. Chiu chm
sng n sc c bc sng 0,20 m vo catt ca t bo quang in th thy cng dng quang in bo
ha l 4,5 A. Bit cng sut chm bc x l 3 mW . Xc nh vn tc cc i ca electron khi n va b
bt ra khi catt v hiu sut lng t.
HD Gii . Ta c: W
d0
=
hc
- A = 1,7.10
-19
J; v
0
=
m
W
d 0
2
= 0,6.10
6
m/s.
n
e
=
e
I
bh
= 2,8.10
13
; n
= hc
P
hc
P
= 3.10
15
H =
n
n
e
= 9,3.10
-3
= 0,93%.
Dng 6: Tnh hiu sut lng t ca t bo quang in.
PPG: Hiu sut lng t ca t bo quang in l i lng c tnh bng t s gia s e quang in bt ra
khi Katot vi s photon p vo Katot.
H =
n
n
e
=>
.
.
. .
bh
bh
I t
I hc
e
H
P t
eP
hc

.
V d 1: Khi chiu 1 bc x in t c bc sng 0,5 micromet vo b mt ca t bo quang in to ra dng
in bo ha l 0,32A. Cng sut bc x p vo Katot l P=1,5W. tnh hiu sut ca t bo quang in.
HD Gii:
34 8
19 6
. . 0, 32.6, 625.10 .3.10
.100% 53%
. . 1, 6.10 .1, 5.0, 5.10
bh
I h c
H
e P

V d 2 : Kim loi lm catot ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in 0,32 (m). Chiu nh sng c bc
sng 0,25 (m) vo catot ca t bo quang in trn.
Cho bit : h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
(kg) ; -e = -1,6.10
-19
(C).
a) Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in.
b) Bit rng cc electron thot ra u b ht v anot, cng dng quang in bo ho bng 0,7 mA. Tnh
s electron thot ra khi catot trong mi giy.
HD Gii: Ta c:
2
max 0
2
1
mv U e
AK

.
Phng trnh Anh-xtanh :
hc
=
2
2
max 0
mv
A+ = A + eU
h
.
Theo iu kin bi ton, ta c:
( ) s J
c
U U e
h
e U A
h c
e U A
h c
h h
h
h
. 1 0 . 4 3 3 , 6
1 1
) (
3 4
1 2
1 2
2
2
1
1

,
_
'
+
+

.
V d 3 : Cng thot ca lectron i vi Natri l 2,48 (eV). Catot ca t bo quang in lm bng Natri c
chiu sng bi bc x c bc sng

= 0,36 (m) th c dng quang in bo ho I
bh
= 50 (mA).Cho bit:h =
6,625.10
-34
(J.s); c = 3.10 (m/s) ; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
(kg); - e = - 1,6.10
-19
(C).
a) Tnh gii hn quang in ca Natri.
b) Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in.
c) Hiu sut quang in bng 60%, tnh cng sut ca ngun bc x chiu vo catt.
HD Gii:
a) Tnh
0
. Gii hn quang in :
0
=
( 5 , 0
A
hc
m).
b) Tnh v
0
. Phng trnh Anh-xtanh:
hc
=
2
2
max 0
mv
A+ .
Suy ra:
( ) s m A
hc
m
v
e
/ 10 . 84 , 5
2
5
max 0

,
_
c) Tnh P. Ta c I
bh
= n
e
.e suy ra n
e
=
e
I
bh
. P = n
. suy ra n
P
.

n
n
H
e
do 29 , 0
.

He
hc I
P
bh
(W).
Dng 7: ng dng ca hin tng quang in tnh cc hng s h, e, A.
p dng cc cng thc:
- Nng lng ca phtn : = hf = h
c
.
- Phng trnh Anh-xtanh : =
2
2
max 0
mv
A+ .
- Hiu in th hm :
2
max 0
2
1
mv eU U e
h AK

.
V d 1: Khi chiu mt chm sng vo mt kim loi th c hin tng quang in xy ra. Nu dng hiu in
th hm bng 3 (V) th cc lectron quang in b gi li khng bay sang anot c. Cho bit gii hn quang
in ca kim loi l :
0
= 0,5 (m) ; h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ; -e = -1,6.10
-19
(C). Tnh tn s
ca chm nh sng ti kim loi.
HD Gii :Cc lectron quang in b gi li hon ton khng qua c anot nn :
2
max 0
2
1
mv eU U e
h AK

Phng trnh Anh-xtanh : hf = A +
2
max 0
2
1
mv
.
Hay hf = eU
h
+ A = eU
h
+
0
hc
; Suy ra: f =
0
c
h
eU
h
+
.
Thay s, ta c :
) ( 10 . 245 , 13
10 . 5 , 0
10 . 3
10 . 625 , 6
3 . 10 . 6 , 1
14
6
8
34
19
Hz f +

.
V d 2: Chiu bc x c bc sng 0,35 (m) vo mt kim loi, cc lectron kim quang in bn ra u b
gi li bi mt hiu in th hm. Khi thay chm bc x c bc sng gim 0,05 (m) th hiu in th hm
tng 0,59 (V). Tnh in tch ca lectron quang in. Cho bit : h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s).
HD Gii :Ta c
hc
=
2
2
max 0
mv
A+ = A + eU
h
( Phng trnh Anh-xtanh)
Theo iu kin bi ton:
'
+ +

+
) ( U U e A
h c
e U A
h c
h
h

Vi U = 0,59 (V) v = 0,05 (m). Suy ra:

) ( 10 . 604 , 1
1 1
19
C
U
hc
e

,
_

.
V d 3 : Ln lt chiu hai bc x c bc sng
1
= 0,405 (m),
2
= 0,436 (m) vo b mt ca mt kim
loi v o hiu in th hm tng ng U
h1
= 1,15 (V); U
h2
= 0,93 (V). Cho bit: h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; c =
3.10
8
(m/s) ; e = 1,6.10
-19
(C). Tnh cng thot ca kim loi .
HD Gii :
Ta c:
hc
=
2
2
max 0
mv
A+ = A + eU
h
( Phng trnh Anh-xtanh)
Theo iu kin bi ton:
'
+ +

+
) ( U U e A
h c
e U A
h c
h
h

Suy ra :
( ) ) ( 92 , 1
1 1
2
1
2 1
2 1
eV U U e hc A
h h

1
]
1
,
_
+

.
Dng 8: Chiu nh sng kch thch c bc sng thch hp vo b mt tm KL (hay qu
cu) c c lp v in. Tnh hiu in th cc i m tm KL t c.
PPG: Khi chiu nh sng kch thch vo b mt KL th e quang in b bt ra, tm KL mt in t (-) nn tch
in (+) v c in th l V. in trng do in th V gy ra sinh ra 1 cng cn A
C
= e.V ngn cn s bt ra
ca cc e tip theo. Nhng ban u A
C
< Wdmax , nn e quang in vn b bt ra. in tch (+) ca tm KL
tng dn, in th V tng dn. Khi V =Vmax th cng lc cn c ln ng bng Wdmax ca e quang
in nn e khng cn bt ra.
Ta c:
2
ax 0max
1
2
M e
eV m v =>
ax
0
M
hc hc
eV A

Vy
ax
0
1 1
( )
M
hc
V
e

V d 1: Mt qu cu bng ng (Cu) c lp v in c chiu bi 1 bc x in t c

= 0,14 (m), . Cho
gii hn quang in ca Cu l
1
= 0,3 (m). Tnh in th cc i ca qu cu.
HD Gii:
34 8
ax
19 6 6
0
1 1 6, 625.10 .3.10 1 1
( ) ( ) 4, 73
1, 6.10 0,14.10 0, 3.10
M
hc
V V
e

V d 2: Cng thot electron khi ng l 4,57 eV. Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,14 m vo mt qu
cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng v in th cc i m qu cu ng
tch c.
HD Gii:
0
=
19
8 34
10 . 6 , 1 . 57 , 4
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
A
hc
= 0,27.10
-6
m; W
d0
=
hc
- A = 6,88.10
-19
J; V
max
=
e
W
d 0
= 4,3 V.
V d 3: Cng thot electron khi km l 4,25 eV. Chiu vo mt tm km t c lp v in mt chm bc
x in t n sc th thy tm km tch c in tch cc i l 3 V. Tnh bc sng v tn s ca chm
bc x.
HD Gii : W
d0max
= eV
max
= 3 eV; =
d0 ax
W
m
hc
A+
= 0,274.10
- 6
m; f =
c
= 1,1.10
14
Hz.
4.Bi tp tng hp c hng dn:
Bi 1: Khi chiu bc x c bc sng 0,4 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, mun trit tiu dng quang in th
hiu in th gia A v K bng -1,25V.
a. Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc e quang in.
b. Tm cng thot ca cc e ca kim loi lm catt (tnh ra eV).
HD Gii :a.
31
19
0
2
max 0
10 . 1 , 9
25 , 1 . 10 . 6 , 1 . 2 2
| |
2

m
eU
v eU
mv
h
h
= 0,663.10
6

m/s.
b. Cng thot:
( )
34 8
2
2 31 6
0max 6
1 6, 625.10 .3.10 1
.9,1.10 . 0, 663.10
2 0, 4.10 2
hc
A mv

eV J 855 , 1 10 . 97 , 2
19

.
Bi 2: Cng thot ca vnfram l 4,5 eV
a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca vnfram.
b. Chiu vo vnfram bc x c bc sng th ng nng ban u cc i ca e quang in l 3,6.10
-19
J. Tnh .
c. Chiu vo tm vnfram mt bc x c bc sng . Mun trit tiu dng quang in th phi cn mt hiu in th
hm 1,5V. Tnh ?
HD Gii :
a. 276 , 0
10 . 6 , 1 . 5 , 4
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
A
hc
19
8 34
0

m.
b.
34 8
19 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
0,184
4, 5.1, 6.10 3, 6.10
hc hc
A W
A W

+
+ +
m.
c.
( ) ( )
34 8
19 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
' 0, 207
' 4, 5.1, 6.10 1, 5 . 1, 6.10
h
h
hc hc
A eU
A eU

+
+ +
m.
Bi 3: Cng ti thiu bc mt lectron ra khi b mt mt tm kim loi ca mt t bo quang in l 1,88eV. Khi
chiu mt bc x c bc sng 0,489 m th dng quang in bo ha o c l 0,26mA.
a. Tnh s lectron tch ra khi catt trong 1 pht.
b. Tnh hiu in th hm trit tiu hon ton dng quang in.
HD Gii :
a. I
bh
= n e = 26.10
-5
A. (n l s lectron tch ra khi catt trong 1s). n =
14
19
5
10 . 25 , 16
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 26
;
S lectron tch ra khi K trong 1 pht: N=60n = 975.10
14
.
b. eV eV A
hc mv
eU
h
66 , 0 88 , 1 54 , 2 88 , 1
10 . 6 , 1 . 10 . 489 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
2
19 6
8 34 2
0

.Hiu in th hm U
h
=
0,66V.
Bi 4: Catt ca t bo quang in lm bng xdi (Cs) c gii hn quang in
0
=0,66 m. Chiu vo catt bc x t
ngoi c bc sng =0,33 m. Hiu in th hm U
AK
cn t gia ant v catt trit tiu dng quang in l bao
nhiu?
HD Gii :
- trit tiu dng quang in, cng ca lc in trng phi trit tiu c ng nng ban u cc i ca quang
lectron (khng c mt lectron no c th n c ant)

( )
( )
2 34 8
0max
6 19
0 0 0
6, 625.10 .3.10
1, 88
2 0, 66.10 . 1, 6.10
AK AK
mv hc hc hc hc
eU U V
e
-Nh vy trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th: U

AK
1,88V.
Bi 5: Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x c bc sng 0,25 m v 0,3 m vo mt tm kim loi th vn tc ban u cc
i ca cc lectron quang in ln lt l 7,31.10
5
m/s v 4,93.10
5
m/s.
a. Tnh khi lng ca cc lectron.
b. Tnh gii hn quang in ca tm kim loi.
HD Gii :
a.
2
mv
A
hc
2
max 01
1
+
;
2
mv
A
hc
2
max 02
2
+
)
2
v
2
v
( m
1 1
hc
2
max 02
2
max 01
2 1

,
_
,
_
,
_
6 6 10 10
8 34
2 1
2
max 02
2
max 01
10 . 3 , 0
1
10 . 25 , 0
1
10 . 3049 , 24 10 . 4361 , 53
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 . 2 1 1 2
v v
hc
m
m= 1,3645.10
-36
.0,667.10
6
= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
b. Gii hn quang in:

( )
J
mv hc
A
mv
A
hc
19
2
5 31
6
8 34 2
max 01
1
2
max 01
1
10 . 52 , 5
2
10 . 31 , 7 . 10 . 1 , 9
10 . 25 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
2
2

+

m m
A
hc
36 , 0 10 . 6 , 3
10 . 52 , 5
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
7
19
8 34
0

Bi 6: a. Khi mt cht b kch thch v pht ra nh sng n sc mu tm c bc sng 0,4 m th nng lng ca
mi phtn pht ra c gi tr l bao nhiu? Bit h =6,625.10
-34
Js; c =3.10
8
m/s.
b. i vi nguyn t hir, khi lectron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K th nguyn t pht ra phtn c
bc sng 0,1026 m. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C v c = 3.10
8
m/s. Nng lng ca phtn ny bng bao
nhiu? Nu photon ny truyn vo nc c chit sut
3
4
n th nng lng ca n thay i th no?
HD Gii :
a. Nng lng ca photon tng ng:
19
6
8 34
min
10 . 97 , 4
10 . 4 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 hc

J.
b. Nng lng ca photon tng ng:
34 8
19 6 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
12,1
.1, 6.10 0,1026.10 .1, 6.10
hc

eV
Tn s ca nh sng s khng thay i khi truyn qua cc mi trng khc nhau nn nng lng ca n cng khng
thay i khi truyn t khng kh vo nc.
Bi 7: Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l 7,64.10
-19
J. Chiu ln lt vo b mt tm kim loi ny cc bc x c
bc sng l
1
= 0,18 m,
2
= 0,21 m v
3
= 0,35 m . Ly h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
m/s.
a. Bc x no gy c hin tng quang in i vi kim loi ?
b. Tnh ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in.
c. Tnh ln ca in p trit tiu dng quang in trn.
HD Gii :
a. Gii hn quang in :
34 8
0 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
0, 26
7, 64.10
hc
m
A

Ta c :
1
,
2
<
0
; vy c hai bc x u gy ra hin tng quang in cho kim loi .
b.
1
,
2
gy ra hin tng quang in, chng ta hy tnh ton cho bc x c nng lng ca photon ln hn (bc x
1
)
Theo cng thc Einstein : max 0
1
W A
hc
+

J A
hc
W
19 19
6
8 34
1
max 0
10 . 4 , 3 10 . 64 , 7
10 . 18 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6

Mt khc : s m s m
m
W
v mv W
/ 10 . 65 , 8 / 864650
10 . 1 , 9
10 . 4 , 3 . 2 . 2
2
1
5
31
19
max 0
max 0
2
max 0 max 0

c. ln in p trit tiu dng quang in :

V
e
W
U U e W
h h
125 , 2
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 4 , 3
19
19
max 0
max 0

Bi 8: Thc hin tnh ton tr li cc cu hi sau:

a. Electron phi c vn tc bng bao nhiu ng nng ca n bng nng lng ca mt photon nh sng c bc
sng
0
5200 A ?
b. Nng lng ca photon phi bng bao nhiu khi lng ca n bng nng lng ngh ca electron? Cho khi
lng ngh ca electron l kg m
e
31
10 . 1 , 9

.
HD Gii :
a. Theo bi ra:
hc
W
e

hc
v m
e

2
2
1
s m
m
hc
v
e
/ 10 . 17 , 9
10 . 5200 . 10 . 1 , 9
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 . 2 2
5
10 31
8 34

b. Nng lng ca photon:

2
c m E
ph
Khi lng ca electron bng khi lng ngh ca electron

( )
e ph
m m
nn:
( ) MeV J c m E
e
51 , 0 10 . 19 , 8 10 . 3 . 10 . 1 , 9
14
2
8 31 2

Bi 9: Cho cng thot ca ng bng 4,47eV.
a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng?
b. Chiu bc x c bc sng
m 14 , 0
vo qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch n in
th cc i bng bao nhiu? Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in ?
c. Chiu bc x in t vo qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch in n in th cc i
V V 3
max

.Tnh bc sng ca bc x v vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in trong trng hp
ny?
HD Gii :
a. nm m
A
hc
278 10 . 278
9
0

b. Theo cng thc Einstein:

2
max 0
2
1
mv A
hc
+
M in th cc i ca vt tnh theo cng thc:

max
2
max 0
2
1
V e mv

max
hc
A e V
+
V
e
A
hc
V 4 , 4
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 6 , 1 . 47 , 4
10 . 14 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
19
19
6
8 34
max

Li c:
max
2
max 0
2
1
V e mv s m
m
V e
v / 10 . 244 , 1
10 . 1 , 9
4 , 4 . 10 . 6 , 1 . 2
. 2
6
31
19
max
max 0

c. Tng t cu b:
'
max
hc
A e V
+
nm m
V e A
hc
166 10 . 166
9
'
max

+

'
max
2
max 0
2
1
V e mv
s m
m
V e
v / 10 . 03 , 1
. 2
6
'
max '
max 0

Bi 10: Cng thot ca lectron i vi ng l 4,47 eV.
a. Khi chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,14 (m) vo mt qu cu bng ng cch li vi vt khc th
tch in n hiu in th cc i l bao nhiu ?
b. Khi chiu bc x c bc sng ' vo qu cu bng ng cch ly ci cc vt khc th qu cu t
hiu in th cc i 3 (V). Tnh ' v vn tc ban u ca cc lectron quang in.
Cho bit : h = 6,626.10
-34-
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ; m
e
= 9,1.19
-31
(kg).
HD Gii :
a. Gi in th cc i ca qu cu bng ng l :V
max
.
Khi chiu bc x c bc sng n qu cu bng ng cch ly vi cc vt khc,
cc lectron quang c bt ra khi qu cu, in tch dng ca qu cu tngdn
nn in th V ca qu cu tng dn
in th V V
max
.khi cc lectron quang bt ra khi qu cu u b in trng
ko tr li. ( Hnh 10) .
nh l ng nng:
2
0 max max
1
. :
2
hc
mv eV hay A eV
=> V
max
=
) ( 402 , 4 V
e
A
hc
.
b. Tnh ' v v'
0.
Tng t:
' 2
max 0
1
'
' 2
hc
A eV mv

Suy ra:
) ( 166 , 0
'
'
max
m
eV A
hc

+
. V: v'
0
=
) / ( 10 . 027 , 1
' 2
6 max
s m
m
eV
e

.
+ +

+ +
+ +

Hnh 10

v
0

T: 0915718188 0906848238
5.Trc nghim:
Cu 1 . nh sng v nh sng vng c bc sng ln lt l
D
=0,768
m
v =0,589
m
.Nng lng photon
tng ng ca hai nh sng trn l
A.
D
=2,588.10
-19
j
V
=3,374.10
-19
j * B.
D
=1,986.10
-19
j
V
=2,318.10
-19
j
C.
D
=2,001`.10
-19
j
V
=2,918.10
-19
j D. mt p s khc
Cu 2 : Cho h=6,625.10
-34
Js, c=3.10
8
m/s. Tnh nng lng ca phtn c bc sng 500nm?
A. 4.10
-16
J B. 3,9.10
-17
J C. 2,5eV* D. 24,8eV
Cu 3: Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng n sc c bc sng 0,3975
m
vi cng sut pht x l 10 w. S phooton
ngn n pht ra trong mt giy l
A. 3.10
19
ht B. 2.10
19
ht* C. 5. 10
19
ht D. 4.10
19
ht
Cu 4: Mt kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0,3 m .Bit h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s .Cng thot ca lectron ra
khi kim loi l .
A. 6,625.10
-19
J * B. 6,625.10
-25
J C. 6,625.10
-49
J D. 5,9625.10
-32
J
Cu 5 : Gii hn quang in ca Cs l 6600A
0
. Cho hng s Planck h = 6,625.10
-34
Js , vn tc ca nh sng trong chn
khng c = 3.10
8
m/s. Cng thot ca Cs l bao nhiu ?
A. 1,88 eV * B. 1,52 eV C. 2,14 eV D. 3,74 eV
Cu 6 : Cng thot electrn ra khi mt kim loi l A = 1,88 eV. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l :
A. 0,66.10
-19
m B. 0,33
m C. 0,22
m D. 0,66
m *
Cu 7 : Bit cng cn thit bt electrn ra khi t bo quang in l A = 4,14eV. Gii hn quang in ca t bo l:
A.
0
= 0,3 m * B.
0
= 0,4 m C.
0
= 0,5 m D.
0
= 0,6 m
Cu 8 : Cng thoat electrn cua m t kim loa i la 2,36eV. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s ;1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J . Gii
hn quang in ca kim loi trn l :
A. 0,53 m* B. 8,42 .10
26
m C. 2,93 m D. 1,24 m
Cu 9 : Trong hin tng quang in, bit cng thot ca cc electrn quang in ca kim loi l A = 2eV. Cho h =
6,625.10
-34
Js , c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc sng gii hn ca kim loi c gi tr no sau y ?
A. 0,621 m * B. 0,525 m C. 0,675 m D. 0,585 m
Cu 10 : Gii hn quang in ca natri l 0,5
m
. Cng thot ca km ln hn ca natri 1,4 ln. Gii hn quang in
ca km :
A. 0,7
m
B. 0,36
m
* C. 0,9
m
D. 0,36 .10
-6
m

Cu 11 : Catod ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A = 3,5eV. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js ; m =
31
9,1.10
kg ; e =
19
1, 6.10
C .Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catod .

A. 355 m B. 35, 5 m C. 3, 55 m D. 0, 355 m *
Cu 12 : Mt bc x in t c bc sng = 0,2.10
-6
m. Tnh lng t (nng lng phtn) ca bc x .
A. = 99,375.10
-20
J * B. = 99,375.10
-19
J C. = 9,9375.10
-20
J D. = 9,9375.10
-19
J
Cu 13 : Nng lng ca phtn l 2,8.10
-19
J. Cho hng s Planck h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s ; vn tc ca nh sng trong chn
khng l c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc sng ca nh sng ny l :
A. 0,45
m B. 0,58
m C. 0,66
m D. 0,71
m *
Cu 14 : Mt kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot l A = 3,5eV. Chiu vo catt bc x c bc
sng no sau y th gy ra hin tng quang in. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s
A. = 3,35
m
B. = 0,355.10
- 7
m * C. = 35,5
m
D. = 0,355
m
Cu 1 5 : Kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot A= 3,45eV. Khi chiu vo 4 bc x in t c
1
=
0,25 m,
2
= 0,4 m,
3
= 0,56 m,
4
= 0,2 m th bc x no xy ra hin tng quang in
A.
3,

2
B.
1,

4
* C.
1,
2,
4
D. c 4 bc x trn
Cu 16 : Bc sng di nht bt c electrn ra khi 2 kim loi a v b ln lt l 3nm v 4,5nm. Cng thot tng
ng l A
1
v A
2
s l :
A. A
2
= 2 A
1
. B. A
1
= 1,5 A
2
* C. A
2
= 1,5 A
1
. D. A
1
= 2A
2
Cu 17. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l
0
. Chiu vo catt ca t bo quang in ln lt hai bc x c bc sng
1
=
2
0
v
2
=
3
0
. Gi U
1
v U
2
l in p hm tng ng trit tiu dng quang in th
A. U
1
= 1,5U
2
. B. U
2
= 1,5U
1
. C. U
1
= 0,5U
2
.* D. U
1
= 2U
2
.
Cu 18 . Cng thot electron ca mt kim loi l A
0
, gii hn quang in l

0
. Khi chiu vo b mt kim loi chm
bc x c bc sng =
0
3
th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in bng:

A. 2A
0
.* B. A
0
. C. 3A
0
. D. A
0
/3
Cu 19. Bit bc sng ca nh sng kch thch bng mt na gii hn quang in
2
0
v cng thot in t khi

catt l
0
A
th ng nng ban u cc i ca quang in t phi bng :
A.
0
A
B.
0
2
1
A C.
0
4
1
A D.
0
3
1
A
Cu 20 . Chiu ln lt 2 bc x c bc sng m m 5 , 0 ; 25 , 0
2 1
vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th
vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in l
1
v v
1 2
2
1
v v . Bc sng gii hn quang in l:
A.
m 75 , 0
B.
m 6 , 0
C.
m 375 , 0
D.
m 72 , 0
6.Bi tp trc nghim rn luyn
Bi 1: Chiu bc x c bc sng =0,18
m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in.KL dng lm ca tt c gii hn

quang in l
0
=0,3
m.Tr li cc cu hi sau:
Cu 1:Cng thot ca e ra khi t bo quang in l bao nhiu?
A:4,14eV; B:66,25eV; C:6,625eV; D:41,4eV.
Cu 2:.Xc nh hiu in th U
h
dng quang in trit tiu.
A:5,52V; B:6,15V; C:2,76V; D:2,25V.
Cu 3:ng nng ban u cc i ca e l bao nhiu?
A:25,5eV; B:2,76eV; C:2,25eV; D:4,5eV.
Bi 2:Kim loi dng lm ca tt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A=2,2eV.Chiu vo ca tt mt bc x in t
c bc sng .bit U
h
=0,4V.Vn tc ban u cc i ca e l bao nhiu?
A:3,75.10
5
m/s; B:3,5.10
5
m/s; C:3,75.10
4
m/s; D:3,5.10
4
m/s.
Bi 3:Chiu bc x c bc sng =0,552
m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in th dng quang in bo ha l

I
bh
=2mA, cng sut ngun sng chiu vo ca tt l p=1,2w.Tnh hiu sut lng t ca hin tng quang in.
A:0,650%; B:0,3750% ; C: 0,550%; D: 0,4250%.
Bi 4:Chiu bc x c bc sng =0,4
m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in.Cng thot ca electron ca kim

loi lm ca tt l A=2eV.Tr li cc cu hi sau:
Cu 1: trit tiu dng quang in phi t gia a nt v ca tt mt hiu in th U
AK
c gi tr no sau y.
A:U
AK
-1,1V; B:U
AK
1,1V ; C: U
AK
=-1,1V; D:U
AK
=1,1V.
Cu 2:t gia Ant v catt mt hiu in th U
AK
=5V.ng nng cc i ca quang e khi ti ant c gi tr
no sau y:
A:8,1eV; B:6,1eV; C:4,1eV; D:6,6eV.
Bi 5: Mt n Na chiu sng c cng sut pht x p=100w.Bc sng ca nh sng do n pht ra l 0,589
ms ph
tn do n ng pht ra trong 30 giy l bao nhiu?
A:9.10
21
; B:9.10
18
; C:12.10
22
; D:6.10
24
.
Bi 6:Cho
34 8
h 6, 625.10 Js, c=3.10 m/ s
. ng lng ca phtn c tn s
14
v 6.10 Hz l :
A:2,5.10
-28
kg.m/s B:1,5.10
-28
kg.m/s; C:13,25.10
-28
kg.m/s; D: 0,25.10
-28
kg.m/s
Bi 7 : Khi t mt hiu in th ngc 0,8V ln hai cc ca t bo quang in th khng c mt electron no n c
ant ca t bo quang in . Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron bn ra khi catt l :
A:5,3.10
6
m/s B:0,3.10
6
m/s; C:0,65.10
6
m/s; D:0,53.10
6
m/s
Bi 8 : Khi chiu mt bc x in t n sc bc sng =0,41m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th c hin
tng quang in xy ra. trit tiu dng quang in ngi ta t mt hiu in th ngc l 0,76V. Cho
34 8 -19
h 6, 625.10 Js, c=3.10 m/ s, 1eV=1,6.10 J
. Cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi dng lm catt s l :

A:36,32.10
-20
J; B:3,3125.10
-20
J; C:0,3125.10
-20
J; D:33,25.10
-20
J;
Bi 9: Gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catt ca t bo quang in l 0,5m. Cho
34 8 -19
h 6, 625.10 Js, c=3.10 m/ s, 1e=1,6.10 C
. Khi chiu nh sng n sc bc sng =0,36m vo catt ca t bo

quang in th hiu in th hm khng c mt electron no n c ant s l :
A :U
h
= 9,7V; B: U
h
= 0,97V ; C:U
h
=1,97V; D:U
h
=0,57V
Bi 10: Khi chiu mt chm sng n sc vo mt kim loi c hin tng quang in xy ra. Nu dng mt hiu
in th hm bng 3,0 V th cc quang electron khng ti ant c. Cho bit tn s gii hn ca kim loi l
14 -1 -34 -19
6.10 s , =6,625.10 Js, e=1,6.10 C . Tn s ca chm nh sng ti s l :
A:1,5.10
14

H
Z
;
B:1,25.10
14

H
Z
; C:
13,25.10
14

H
Z
; D:
25.10
14

H
Z
;
Bi 11. Chiu mt chm bc x c bc sng = 1800A
0
vo mt tm kim loi. Cc electron bn ra c ng nng cc
i bng 6eV. Cho bit h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s; e = 1,6.10
-19
C.Tr li cc cu hi sau:
Cu 1 :Tnh cng thot tng ng vi kim loi dng.
A. 24.10
-20
J. B. 20.10
-20
J. C. 18.10
-20
J. D. 14.10
-20
J.
Cu 2: Khi chiu vo tm kim loi bc x c bc sng = 5000A
0
th c hin tng quang in xy ra
khng? Nu c hy tnh ng nng cc i ca electron bn ra.
A. 25,6.10
-20
J. B. 51,2.10
-20
J. C. 76,8.10
-20
J. D. 85,6.10
-20
J
Bi 12: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot electron bng 4eV, ngi ta chiu n t bo quang in nh
sng n sc c bc sng = 2600A
0
. Cho bit h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg ; e = 1,6.10
-19
C.
Tr li cc cu hi sau:
Cu 1:Tm gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng l catt.
A. 3322A
0
. B. 4028A
0
. C. 4969A
0
. D. 5214A
0
. E. 6223A
0
.
Cu 2:Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron .
A. 6,62.10
5
m/s. B. 5,23.10
5
m/s. C. 4,32.10
5
m/s. D. 4,05.10
5
m/s.
Cu 3: Cho bit tt c cc electron thot ra u b ht v ant v cng dng quang in bo ho I
bh
= 0,6mA,
tnh s electron tch ra khi catt trong mi giy.
A. 3000.10
12
ht/s. B. 3112.10
12
ht/s.
C. 3206.10
12
ht/s. D. 3750.10
12
ht/s. E. 3804.10
12
ht/s.
Bi 13: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c gii hn quang in 6000A
0
. Chiu n t bo quang in mt nh sng n
sc c = 4000A
0
. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg ; e = 1,6.10
-19
C. Tr li cc cu hi sau:
Cu 1:Tnh cng thot A ca cc electron .
A. 1,68eV. B. 1,78eV. C. 1,89eV. D. 2,07eV.
Cu 2 :Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron.
A. 5,6.10
5
m/s. B. 6,03.10
5
m/s. C. 6,54.10
5
m/s. D. 6,85.10
5
m/s.
Cu 3 :Tm hiu in th hm cc electron khng v n ant.
A. 0,912V. B. 0,981V. C. 1,025V. D. 1,035V.
Bi 14: Ln lt chiu 2 bc x c tn s f
1
=0,75.10
15
Hz v f
2
= 0,5.10
15
Hz vo b mt ca nti v o hiu in th
hm tng ng U
1
= 1,05V v U
2
= 0,03V. Tnh cng thot ca na tri.Cho bit : h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s
Bi 15: Chiu chm bc x c bc sng = 0,2 (m) vo mt tm kim loi, cc lectron quang in bn racos ng
nng cc i bng 5 (eV). Khi chiu vo tm kim loi 2 bc x c bc sng
1
= 1,6 (m) v
2
= 0,1 (m) th c
hin tng quang in xy ra khng ? Nu c, hy tnh ng nng cc i ca cc lectron quang in bn ra. Cho h =
6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s).
S 15 : Hin tng quang in c bc sng
2
to ra. ng nng: W
2
= 11,21 (eV).
Bi 16: Chiu mt chm sng c tn s f = 7.10
8
(Hz) ln lt vo hai bn kim loi nhm v kali. Gii hn quang in
ca nhm l
01
= 0,36 (m), ca kali l
02
= 0,55 (m).
a. Tnh bc sng ca chm nh sng .
b. Hin tng g s xy ra khi chiu chm nh sng vo bn nhm v bn kali. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca
lectron quang in khi bt ra khi bn kim loi.
Cho bit : h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
(kg).
S 16 : a. = 0,4286 m.
b. Nu >
01
: hin tng quang in khng xy ra vi bn nhm.
Nu <
02
: hin tng quang in xy ra vi bn kali. V
02
= 4,741.10
5
(m/s) .
Bi 17 : Ln lt chiu hai bc x c tn s f
1
= 75.10
13
(Hz) v f
2
= 39.10
13
(Hz) vo b mt mt tm kim loi v o
hiu in th hm tng ng l U
1
= 2 (V) v U
2
= 0,5 (V). Tnh hng s P-lng.
Cho bit : c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ; e = 1,6.10
-19
(C) S 17: h = 6,666.10
-34
(J.s).
1
= 0,75.10
15
(Hz) v f
2
= 0,5.10
15
(Hz) vo b mt ca Natri v o hiu in
th hm tng ng U
1
= 1,05 (V) v U
2
= 0,03 (V). Tnh cng thot ra ca Natri.
Cho bit: h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s). S 18: A = 2,05 (eV).
1
= 9,375.10
14
(Hz) v f
2
= 5,769.10
14
(Hz) vo mt tm kim loi lm catt
ca t bo quang in, ngi ta o c t s cc vn tc ban u ca cc lectron quang in bng 2. Tnh cng thot
ra ca kim loi . Cho bit: h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s). S 19: A = 3,03.10
-19
(J).
Bi 20 : Cng thot ca lectron khi ng (Cu) kim loi l 4,47 (eV).
a). Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng.
b). Khi chiu bc x in t c bc sng = 0,14 (m) vo mt qu cu bng ng t cch ly cc vt khc th qu
cu c tch in n hiu in th cc i bng bao nhiu ?
c). Chiu mt bc x in t bc sng ' vo qu cu bng ng cch ly cc vt khc th qu cu t c hiu in
th cc i bng 3 (V). Tnh bc sng ' ca bc x v vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in. Cho : c =
3.10
8
(m/s) ; h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s) ; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
(kg).
S 20 : a).
0
= 0,2779.10
-6
(m) = 0,2779 (m),
b). Hiu in th cc i ca qu cu : V
h
= 4,4 (V).
c)..
II. QUANG PH VCH CA NGUYN T HYR
1. Tm tt l thuyt v cng thc:
Tin Bo : nm n m
nm
hc
hf E E e
l
= = = -
+ Bn knh qu o dng th n ca electron trong nguyn t hir:
r
n
= n
2
r
0
Vi r
0
=5,3.10
-11
m l bn knh Bo ( qu o K)
+ Khi nguyn t ang mc nng lng cao chuyn xung mc nng lng thp th pht ra photon, ngc
li chuyn t mc nng lng thp chuyn ln mc nng lng cao nguyn t s hp thu photon

hf E E
thp cao

Lu : Bc sng di nht
NM
khi e chuyn t N M.
Bc sng ngn nht
M
khi e chuyn t M.
+Bc sng pht ra khi nguyn t chuyn mc nng lng:
n m
E E
nm n m
nm
hc
hf E E
l
= = -

1
n m
nm
E E
hc
=>
0 2 2
1 1
( )
nm
n m
hc hc
E E
E
n m

+Tn s ca phtn bc x .
n m
nm
nm
E E c
f
h

Vi E
n
> E
m
.
+Mi lin h gia cc bc sng v tn s ca cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t hir:

21 32 31
1 1 1

+
v
21 32 31
f f f +
(nh cng vct)
+Cng thc thc nghim: 2 2
1 1 1
H
R
m n
_

,

+Hng s Rydberg:
7 7 0
13, 6.
1, 0969140.10 1, 097.10
. .
H
E e
R m m
h c h c
( trong my tnh Fx th R
H
l R )
Cc dy Quang ph ca nguyn t hidr
- Dy Laiman: khi e ( n>1) v qu o K(m=1) th pht ra cc vch thuc dy Laiman: m

= 1; n

= 2,3,4
,
_

2 2
0
1
1
1
1 1
n hc
E
n
vi 2 n Cc vch thuc vng t ngoi

- Dy Banme: Khi e chuyn t qu o ngoi (n>2) v qu o L(m=2) th pht ra cc vch thuc dy
Banme . m

= 2; n

= 3,4,5:
,
_

2 2
0
2
1
2
1 1
n hc
E
n
vi 3 n Gm 4 vch :
) 656 , 0 ( m H
, lam
) 486 , 0 ( m H
,
chm
) 434 , 0 ( m H
, tm
) 410 , 0 ( m H
v mt phn vng t ngoi

-Dy Pasen : khi cc e chuyn t qu o bn ngoi (n>3) v qu o M(m=3) : m = 3; n

= 4,5,6:
,
_

2 2
0
3
1
3
1 1
n hc
E
n
vi 4 n Cc vch thuc vng hng ngoi

Nng lng ca lectron trong nguyn t Hir c biu thc:
+Nng lng electron trong nguyn t hir:
0
2 2
13,6
( )
n
E
E eV
n n

Vi n N
*
: lng t s.
E
0
= - 13,6eV: nng lng trng thi c bn ( Ch E
0
< 0 )
-n = 1 ng vi qu o K ( nng lng thp nht )
-n = 2 ng vi qu o L...

1; 2, 3, 4, ... m n
dy Laiman (t ngoi);

2; 3, 4, 5... m n
dy Banme (mt phn nhn thy)

3; 4, 5, 6, ... m n
dy Pasen (hng ngoi).
Cc bc x ca dy Banmer( nhn thy):
+ Vch
H
:
32 ML

: 3 2
32
hc
E E

+ Vch lam
H
:
42 NL

: 4 2
42
hc
E E

+ Vch chm
H
:
52 OL

: 5 2
52
hc
E E

+ Vch tm
H
:
62 PL

: 6 2
62
hc
E E

Cc vch c bc sng di nht ca cc dy:
+ Dy Laiman:
21
: 2 1
21
hc
E E

; + Dy Banmer:
32
: 3 2
32
hc
E E

; + Dy Paschen:
43
: 4 3
43
hc
E E

Ch : Khi nguyn t trng thi kch thch th n c th (kh d) pht ra s bc x in t cho bi:

( ) ! 2 ! 2
!
2

n
n
C N
n ; trong
2
n
C
l t hp chp 2 ca n.
2. Bi tp v cc dy quang ph hidr:
V d 1 v cc bc sng dy Lymain (t ngoi):
Khi electron trong nguyn t hiro mt trong cc mc nng lng cao L, M, N, O nhy v mc nng
lng K , th nguyn t hiro pht ra vch bc x ca dy Lyman thuc vng t ngoi ca thang sng in t,
c th nh sau:
+ Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht ng vi mc nng lng m =1 -> n= 2
2 1
21
. h c
E E

=
2 2
13, 6( ) 13, 6( ) 3.13, 6
( ) ( )
2 1 4
eV eV
eV =>
21
. .4
3.13, 6.
h c
e

=1,215.10
-7
m = 0,1215 m
Hoc dng cng thc: 2 2
1 1 1
H
R
m n
_

,
=> Th s
7
21
2 2
1
1, 215.10 0,1215
1 1
( )
1 2
H
m m
R

+Vch th 2 ng mc nng lng m= 1-> n = 3,

7
31
2 2
1
1, 025175.10 0,1025
1 1
( )
1 3
H
m m
R

+Vch th 3 ng mc nng lng m= 1--> n = 4,

8
41
2 2
1
9, 72018.10 0, 0972
1 1
( )
1 4
H
m m
R

+ Vch th 4 ng mc nng lng m= 1-> n = 5,

8
51
2 2
1
9, 492365.10 0, 0949
1 1
( )
1 5
H
m m
R

+ Vch th 5 ng mc nng lng m= 1-> n = 6,

8
61
2 2
1
9, 37303.10 0, 09373
1 1
( )
1 6
H
m m
R

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+Vch cui cng c bc sng nh nht ng vi mc nng lng m =1-> n = :
H
H

E
6
E
5
E
4
E
3
E
2
E
1
L a i m a n
B a n m e
P a s e n
P

O

N

M

K

L

Vng kh kin v mt
phn vng t ngoi
Vng t ngoi
Vng hng ngoi

8
1
2 2
1 1
9,11267 0, 0911
1 1
( )
1
H
H
m m
R
R

V d 2 v cc bc sng dy Banme ( c 4 vch nhn thy: , lam , chm , tm)

Khi electron trong nguyn t hiro mt trong cc mc nng lng cao M, N, O,P nhy v mc nng
lng L ( ng vi trng hp nguyn t t mc cao hn tr v mc 2), th nguyn t hiro pht ra vch bc
x thuc dy Balmer ,bn vch u vng nhn thy (, lam , chm , tm) v mt phn thuc vng t
ngoi ca thang sng in t, c th nh sau:
a.Dng cng thc :
0
2 2
13,6
( )
n
E
E eV
n n

vi n = 2,3,4......
Cc bc x thuc dy banme ng vi trng hp nguyn t t mc cao hn tr v mc 2
+Vch th 1 c bc sng ln nht ( mu ) ng vi mc nng lng n =3 --> m = 2, theo Anh xtanh:
3 2
32
hc
E E

=>
32
= 0,656 m
( mu )
+Vch th 2 c mu lam ng mc nng lng n= 4 - > m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:
4 2
42
hc
E E

=>
42
=
0,486 m

(mu lam )
+Vch th 3 c mu chm ng mc nng lng n= 5 -> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:
5 2
52
hc
E E

=>
52
=
0,434 m

(mu chm )
+Vch th 4 c mu tm ng mc nng lng n= 6 --> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:
6 2
62
hc
E E

=>
62
= 0, 410 m
(mu tm )
b.Hoc dng cng thc : 2 2
1 1 1
2
H
R
n
_

,
=>
2 2
1
1 1
( )
2
H
R
n

(dy Balmer ng vi m =2).

+Vch th 1 c bc sng ln nht mu ng vi mc nng lng n =3 --> m = 2, c xc nh:

2 2
32
1 1 1
2 3
H
R
_

,
=>
7
32
2 2
1
6,5611.10 0, 656
1 1
( )
2 3
H
m m
R

( mu )
+Vch th 2 c mu lam ng mc nng lng n = 4-> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:

2 2
42
1 1 1
2 4
H
R
_

,
=>
7
42
2 2
1
4,8600936.10 0, 486
1 1
( )
2 4
H
m m
R

=

(mu lam )
+Vch th 3 c mu chm ng mc nng lng n = 5 -> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:

2 2
52
1 1 1
2 5
H
R
_

,
=>
7
52
2 2
1
4, 33936.10 0, 434
1 1
( )
2 5
H
m m
R

(muchm )
+Vch th 4 c mu tm ng mc nng lng n= 6 --> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:

2 2
62
1 1 1
2 6
H
R
_

,
=>
7
62
2 2
1
4,1007.10 0, 410
1 1
( )
2 6
H
m m
R

=

(mu tm )
+Cn ng vi cc mc nng lng cao hn na, v d t n 7--> m =2 th bc sng nm trong vng t
ngoi. V bc sng ngn nht ca dy ng vi ngyn t dch chuyn t v cng ( n= ) v mc 2:

2 2
2
1 1 1
2
H
R
,
=>
7
2
2 2
1
3, 645068.10 0, 3645
1 1
( )
2
H
m m
R

0,365 m
Hay 2
2
hc
E E

=>
2
0,365 m

Vy, Cc bc x trong dy Balmer c mt phn nm trong vng t ngoi v mt phn nm trong vng nh
sng nhn thy. Phn nhn thy ny c 4 vch l:
: H ( = 0,656 m); lam: H ( = 0,486 m); chm: H ( = 0,434 m); tm: H (
= 0,410 m)
V d 3 v cc bc sng dy Paschen ( Hng ngoi)
Cc bc x trong dy Paschen thuc vng hng ngoi trong thang sng in t.
Ta bit: trong mu nguyn t Bor th:
0
2 2
13, 6
( )
n
E
E eV
n n
vi n = 1,2,3,4......
cc bc x thuc dy Paschen ng vi trng hp nguyn t t mc cao hn tr v mc 3
+Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht ng vi mc nng lng n = 4 --> m = 3
theo Anh xtanh :
4 3 43
43
0,83
hc
E E m
>
.
+Vch cui cng c bc sng ngn nht ng vi mc nng lng n = --> m = 3
theo Anh xtanh :
3 3
3
0, 78
hc
E E m
>

Vy bc sng thuc dy Paschen nm trong khong 0,78 m < < 0,83 m nn n thuc vng hng
ngoi
3.Cc dng bi tp:
DNG 1: Tm nng lng ca mt photon, tn s hay bc sng:
Hng dn: p dng cng thc
hc
hf e
l
= = . Hay
hf E E
thp cao

suy ra cc i lng cha bit.
V d 1 : Chiu mt chm sng n sc c bc sng bng 0,72
m
. Tm tn s v nng lng photon?
HD Gii : p dng cng thc f=c/ v
hc
hf e
l
= =
V d 2 : lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t mc nng lng th 3 v mc nng lng th nht. Tnh
nng lng phtn pht ra v tn s ca phtn . Cho bit nng lng ca nguyn t hiro mc nng
lng th n l E
n
= - ) (
6 , 13
2
eV
n
. Hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s)
HD Gii : Tnh E v f ca phtn.
Nng lng ca phtn pht ra :
) ( 088 , 12
1
1
3
1
6 , 13
2 2
1 3
eV E E E
,
_

.
Tn s dao ng ca phtn : f =
) ( 10 . 92 , 2
15
Hz
h
E
.
DNG 2: Tm ng nng cc i ca electron khi xy ra hin tng quang in:
Hng dn: Cng thc:
2
0 ax
2
M
mv hc
hf A e
l
= = = + vi
2
ax
2
m
mv
E = t suy ra E
. Lu : 1eV=1,6.10
-19
J
V d 1 : Catt ca t bo quang in lm bng vnfram, bit cng thot ca electron vi vnfram l 7,2.10
-
19
J. Chiu vo catt nh sng c bc sng
0,18 m
. ng nng cc i ca lectrn khi bc ra khi catt
l bao nhiu?
HD Gii: Cng thc
2
0 ax
2
M
mv hc
hf A e
l
= = = + . vi
2
ax
2
m
mv
E = T ta suy ra E
max
M rng: bi ton tng t tm Vmax ta cng tm E
max
...
DNG 3: Tm vn tc cc i ca electron khi p vo catot.
Hng dn: Vn dng cng thc: E

= A = |e|U
AK
l nng lng do in trng cung cp:

2
/ /
2
AK
mv
e U Ed = = .
T suy ra c v
V d 1 : Hiu in th gia Anot v catot ca ng Culitz l 20kV. Cho e=1,6.10
-19
C, h=6,625.10
-34
Js,
c=3.10
8
m/s. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron. Tnh vn tc ca electron khi p vo catot?
HD Gii: Vn dng cng thc E
=A=|e| U
AK
v |e|U
AK
=E
=mv
2
/2 . ta c v=8,4.10
7
m/s.
DNG 4: Tm s electron bay ra khi anot, s photon p vo anot trong mt thi gian t bt k. Tm
hiu sut quang in.
Hng dn:
-Tm s electron bay ra khi catot l s electron to ra dng quang in do vy ta vn dng cng thc:
I=q/t=n
e
|e|/t t suy ra n
e
-Tm s photon p vo anot: Ta tm nng lng ca chm photon v ly nng lng ca chm photon chia
cho nng lng ca mt photon th ta c s photon cn tm. Vi bi ton ny thng cho cng sut bc x
P nn ta c: n
p
=A
p
/
=P.t/hf.
- Mun tm hin sut quang in ta dng cng thc: H=n
e
/n
p

V d 1 : : Chiu mt chm bc x vo t bo quang in c catot lm bng Na th cng dng quang in
bo ha l 3
A
. S electron b bt ra ra khi catot trong hai pht l bao nhiu?
HD Gii: p dng cng thc I=q/t=n
e
|e|/t ta suy ra c n
e
=I.t/|e|. Lu i n v ca I ra ampe
V d 2 : Chiu vo catt mt nh sng c bc sng 0,546m, th dng quang in bo ho c gi tr l 2mA.
Cng sut bc x l 1,515W . Hiu sut lng t l bao nhiu ?.
HD Gii : p dng cng thc : I=q/t=n
e
|e|/t ta tm c n
e
; cng thc n
p
=A
p
/
=P.t/hf.
ta tm c n
p
v cng thc H=n
e
/n
p
tm H. Lu :H tnh ra %
DNG 5: Tm hiu in th hm khng mt electron bay v anot (hay dng quang in trit tiu)
Hng dn: - Hin tng cc electron khng v c anot do in trng sinh cng cn cn tr chng.
-Mun vy th: Cng cn in trng c gi tr b nht bng ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron
quang in. Ta c:
2
0 ax
2
M
h
mv
eU = suy ra: U
h
=
| | 2
2
0
e
mv

-Lu : Khi chn kt qu th U
h
<0. Trong bi ton trc nghim nu khng c gi tr m th chn gi tr ln.
V d 1 : Chiu mt nh sng c bc sng 0,45
m
vo catot ca mt t bo quang in. Cng thot kim
loi lm catot l 2eV. Tm hiu in th gia anot v catot dng quang in trit tiu?
HD Gii: Vn dng U
h
=
| | 2
2
0
e
mv
nhng ta phi tm E
-A. Vi E
=
2
0
2
1
mv
T ta tm c U
h
=-0,76V
DNG 6: Xc nh bc sng nh sng (hay tn s) m photon pht ra trong qu trnh nguyn t
chuyn t qu o c nng lng cao v qu o c mc nng lng thp hn.
Hng dn: - Khi chuyn t mc nng lng cao v mc thp th nguyn t pht ra photon c nng lng:
nm n m
nm
hc
hf E E e
l
= = = -
(E
n
>E
m
) (10) t suy ra c: Bc sng hay tn s.
- Lu : thng ta ln v biu mc lng gii.
V d 1 : Nguyn t Hydro b kch thch chuyn ln qu o c nng lng cao. Sau chuyn t qu o c
lng E
3
v E
1
th pht ra nh sng n sc c tn s f
31
=4200Hz. Khi chuyn t E
3
v E
2
th pht ra nh sng
n sc c tn s f
32
= 3200Hz. Tm tn s nh sng khi n chuyn t mc nng lng E
2
v E
1
?
HD Gii : Vn dng cng thc nm n m
nm
hc
hf E E e
l
= = = -
(E
m
>E
n
) (10) ta c:
E
3
-E
1
=(E
3
-E
2
)+(E
2
-E
1
) hf
31
=hf
32
+hf
21
f
31
=f
32
+f
21
Suy ra:f
21
=f
31
-f
32

M rng: Nu tm bc sng ta cng c:
21 32 31
1 1 1

+
t y suy ra cc bc sng cn tm.
V d 2: Trong quang ph hir, bc sng (m) ca cc vch quang ph nh sau: Vch th nht ca dy
Lai-man
21
=0,1216 m; Vch H
ca dy Ban-me
H
= 0,6563m.Vch u ca dy Pa-sen
43
=1,8751m
Tnh bc sng ca hai vch quang ph th hai, th ba ca dy Lai-man v ca vch H
.
HD Gii: p dng cng thc
hc
E E
n m
mn
1
vi m > n .
Dy Lai-man :
21 32
1 2 2 3 1 3
31
1 1 1

+
hc
E E
hc
E E
hc
E E
suy ra
31
= 0,1026 (m).

32 43 42
1 1 1

+
suy ra
42
= 0,4861 (m).
V d 3 : Khi kch thch nguyn t hiro trnh thi c bn, bn knh qu o dng ca lectron tng ln 9
ln. Tnh cc bc sng ca cc bc x m nguyn t hiro c th pht ra, bit rng nng lng ca cc trng
thi dng ca nguyn t hir l E
n
=
) (
6 , 13
2
eV
n
vi n = 1;2; Cho : h = 6,625.10

-34
(J.s) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s).
HD Gii: Nguyn t hiro trng thi kch thch, lectron trng thi dng ng vi n
2
= 9 => n = 3.
Sau electron tr v lp trong c th pht ra cc bc x c bc sng
31
;
32
;
21
nh hnh 2.
Dy Lai-man .

) ( 121 , 0
1
) ( 103 , 0
1
21
1 2
21
31
1 3
31
m
hc
E E
m
hc
E E

Dy Ban-me .

) ( 657 , 0
1
32
2 3
32
m
hc
E E

4.Bi tp c li gii hoc hng dn:
Bi 1. Bc sng ca vch quang ph u tin trong dy Laiman l
0
= 122 nm, ca hai vch H
v H

trong dy Banme ln lt l
1
= 656nm v
2
= 486 nm. Hy tnh bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai
trong dy Laiman v vch u tin trong dy Pasen.
HD Gii:
31
hc
= E
3
- E
1
= E
3
- E
2
+ E
2
- E
1
=
1
hc
+
0
hc

31
=
1 0
1 0

+
= 103 nm;

43
hc
= E
4
- E
3
= E
4
- E
2
+ E
2
- E
3
=
2
hc
-
1
hc

43
=
2 1
2 1

= 1875 nm.
Bi 2. Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, vch ng vi bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l
1
= 0,1216 m v vch ng vi s chuyn ca electron t qu o M v qu o K c bc sng
2
= 0,1026 m. Hy tnh bc sng di nht
3
trong dy Banme.
HD Gii:
3
hc
= E
M
- E
L
= E
M
- E
K
+ E
K
- E
L
=
2
hc
-
1
hc

3
=
2 1
2 1

= 0,6566 m.
Bi 3. Cc mc nng lng ca nguyn t hir trng thi dng c cho bng cng thc: E
n
= -
2
6 , 13
n
eV
vi n l s nguyn; n = 1 ng vi mc c bn K; n = 2, 3, 4, ng vi cc mc kch thch L, M, N,
a) Tnh ra Jun nng lng in ho ca nguyn t hir.
b) Tnh ra mt bc sng ca vch H
trong dy Banme.
HD Gii:
L
M
K
32
31

21

Hnh v d 3
a) ion ha nguyn t hir th ta phi cung cp cho n mt nng lng electron nhy t qu o K (n =
1) ra khi mi lin kt vi ht nhn (n = ). Do E = E
- E
1
= 0 - (-
2
19
1
10 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13

) = 21,76.10
-19
J.
b) Ta c:
32
hc
= E
3
E
2
= -
2
19
3
10 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13

- (-
2
19
2
10 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13

)
32
=
19
10 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13 . 5
36
hc
= 0.658.10
-6
m.
Bi 4. Khi lectron qu o dng th n th nng lng ca nguyn t hir c tnh theo cng thc
E
n
= -
2
6 , 13
n
(eV) (n = 1, 2, 3,). Tnh bc sng ca bc x do nguyn t hir pht ra khi lectron trong nguyn
t hir chuyn t qu o dng n = 3 sang qu o dng n = 2.
HD Gii: E
3
= -
2
3
6 , 13
eV = - 1,511 eV; E
2
= -
2
2
6 , 13
eV = - 3,400 eV;
E
3
- E
2
=
32
hc

32
=
2 3
E E
hc
= 6,576.10
-7
m = 0,6576 m.
Bi 5. Nng lng ca cc trng thi dng trong nguyn t hir ln lt l E
K
= -13,60 eV; E
L
= -3,40 eV;
E
M
= -1,51 eV; E
N
= -0,85 eV; E
O
= -0,54 eV. Hy tm bc sng ca cc bc x t ngoi do nguyn t hir
pht ra.
HD Gii:
LK
=
K L
E E
hc
= 0,1218.10
-6
m;
MK
=
K M
E E
hc
= 0,1027.10
-6
m;

NK
=
K N
E E
hc
= 0,0974.10
-6
m;
OK
=
K O
E E
hc
= 0,0951.10
-6
m.
Bi 6. Bit bc sng ca hai vch u tin trong dy Laiman ca nguyn t hir l
L1
= 0,122 m v
L2
= 103,3 nm. Bit mc nng lng trng thi kch thch th hai l -1,51 eV. Tm bc sng ca vch H

trong quang ph nhn thy ca nguyn t hir, mc nng lng ca trng thi c bn v trng thi kch thch
th nht.
HD Gii:
hc
= E
M
- E
L
= E
M
- E
K
- (E
L
- E
K
) =
2 L
hc
-
1 L
hc

=
2 1
2 1
L L
L L

= 0,6739 m.

2 L
hc
= E
M
E
K
E
K
= - E
M
-
2 L
hc
= - 13,54 eV; E
L
= E
K
+
1 L
hc
= - 3,36 eV.
Bi 7. Chiu nh sng n sc c bc sng 0,30 m vo mt cht th thy cht pht ra nh sng c bc
sng 0,50 m. Cho rng cng sut ca chm sng pht quang ch bng 0,01 cng sut ca chm sng kch
thch. Hy tnh t s gia s phtn nh sng pht quang v s phtn nh sng kch thch pht trong cng
mt khong thi gian.
HD Gii: n = hc
W
hc
W W

; n = hc
W
hc
W W ' '
'
'
'
'

; H =
W
W
W
W
n
n ' 01 , 0 ' ' '

= 0,017 = 1,7 %.
Bi 8: Trong quang ph hir c bc sng (tnh bng
m
) ca cc vch nh sau:
- Vch th nht ca dy Laiman:
121508 , 0
21

- Vch
H
ca dy Banme:
656279 , 0
32

- Ba vch u tin ca dy Pasen:
8751 , 1
43

,
2818 , 1
53

,
0938 , 1
63

.
a. Tnh tn s ca cc bc x trn?
b. Tnh bc sng ca hai vch quang ph th 2 v th 3 ca dy Laiman v ca cc vch
H
,
H
,
H

ca dy banme.
S: a. Hz f
15
21
10 . 469 , 2
b.
m 102523 , 0
31
.....
Bi 9: Cho mt chm electron bn ph nguyn t hir trng thi c bn kch thch chng.
a. Xc nh vn tc nh nht sao cho n c th lm xut hin tt c cc vch ca quang ph pht x
ca hir.
b. Mun cho quang ph hir ch xut hin mt vch th nng lng ca electron phi nm trong khong
no?
S: a. v=2187000m/s. b.
eV W eV 09 , 12 2 , 10 <
Bi 10: Electron ca nguyn t hir trng thi c bn hp th mt nng lng 12,09eV.
a. Electron ny chuyn ln trng thi kch thch ng vi mc nng lng no?
b. Nguyn t hir sau khi b kch thch nh trn th n s pht ra bao nhiu bc x v nhng bc x thuc
dy no?
S:a. electron ca nguyn t hir chuyn ln mc nng lng M
( ) 3 n
.
b. C 2 bc x thuc dy Lai-man v 1 bc x thuc dy Ban-me
Bi 11: Bit bc sng ng vi bn vch trong dy Banme ca quang ph Hir l:
Vch (H
): 0,656
m
Vch lam ( H
): 0,486
m
Vch chm (H
): 0,434
m
Vch tm (H
): 0,410
m
Hy tnh bc sng nh sng ng vi ba vch ca dy Pasen nm trong vng hng ngoi
S: 1,875
m
; 1,282
m
; 1,093
m
Bi 12: Trong quang ph ca hir, bc sng ( tnh bng
m
) ca cc vch quang ph nh sau: Vch th
nht ca dy Laiman:
21

0,121268; Vch H
ca dy Banme:
32

0,656279; Ba vch u tin ca dy
Pasen:
43

1,8751;
53

1,2818;
63

1,0938
a) Tnh tn s dao ng ca cc bc x trn y
b) Tnh bc sng ca hai vch quang ph th hai v th ba ca dy Laiman v ca cc vch H

; H
; H

ca dy Banme. Cho c = 3.10
8
m/s
S:
a) f
21
=2,46775.10
15
(Hz);f
32
=4,57123.10
15
(Hz);f
43
=1,5999.10
14
(Hz);f
53
=2,3405.10
14
(Hz);f
63
= 2,7427.10
14
(Hz);
b)
31

0,10257(
m
);
41

0,09725(
m
);
42

0,48613(
m
);
52

0,43405(
m
)
62

0,41017(
m
)
Bi 13: Ba vch quang ph u tin trong dy Laiman ca nguyn t H c bc sng ln lt l:
0
1
1216 A
;
0
2
1026 A
;
0
1
973 A
. Hi nu nguyn t H b kch thch sao cho lectrn chuyn ng ln qu o N th
nguyn t c th pht ra nhng vch no trong dy Banme? Tnh bc sng cc vch .
S:
0
32
4896 A
;
0
42
6566, 4 A
Bi 14: Bit bc sng ng vi hai vch u tin trong dy Laiman l:
21
0,122 m
v
31
0,103 m
.
Mc nng lng ca trng thi kch thch th hai l E = -1,51 eV.
a) Tm bc sng ca vch H
trong quang ph nhn thy ca nguyn t H

b) Tm mc nng lng ca trng thi c bn.
S: a)
32
0, 661 m
; b) E
1
= -13,6 eV
Bi 15: Cho mt chm lectrn bn ph cc nguyn t H trng thi c bn kch thch chng
a) Xc nh vn tc cc tiu ca cc lectrn sao cho c th lm xut hin tt c cc vch ca quang ph pht
x ca H
b) Mun cho quang ph H ch c 1 vch th nng lng ca lectrn phi nm trong khong no?
S: a) 2,1.10
6
m/s; b)
10, 2 12,1 eV E eV <
Bi 16: lectrn ca nguyn t H trng thi c bn thu nng lng 12,1 eV
a) lectrn ny chuyn n mc nng lng no?
b) Nguyn t H c kch thch nh trn y c th pht ra cc bc x c bc sng bng bao nhiu? Cho R
= 1,097.10
-7
m
-1
( hng s Ritbec)
S: a) n = 3; b) 1025
0
A
; 1215
0
A
; 6560
0
A
Bi 17: Phtn c nng lng 16,5 eV lm bt lectron ra khi nguyn t hir trng thi c bn. Tnh vn
tc cc i ca lectron khi ri nguyn t H. Bit m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg, nng lng in ho ca nguyn t Hir
l 13,6 eV
S: v
0
= 1,01.10
6
m/s
Bi 18: Ngi ta dng mt thit b laze o khong cch t Tri t n Mt Trng. Chiu tia laze di dng xung
nh sng v pha Mt Trng. Ngi ta o c khong thi gian gia thi im pht v thi im nhn xung phn x
mt my thu t Tri t l 2,667 s. Thi gian ko di ca mi xung l t
0
= 10
-7
s.
a) Tnh khong cch t Tri t n Mt Trng.
b) Tnh cng sut ca chm laze, bit nng lng ca mi xung nh sng l W
0
= 10 kJ.
S: a) Ta c: S = c
2
t
= 4.10
8
m. b) Ta c: P =
0
0
t
W
= 10
11
W.
Bi 19: Trong nguyn t hidro khi e nhy t qu o N v L th pht bc x
1
, khi t qu o O v M th pht
2
.Tm
t s
1
/
2
.
HD Gii: Khi e nhy t N v L tc l qu o 4 v qu o 2,nng lng l : 4 2
1
hc
E E

( 1)
Khi e nhy t O v M tc l qu o 5 v qu o 3,nng lng l:
5 3
2
hc
E E

(2)
M:E
n
= -
2
6 , 13
n
eV (3) . Ly (2) chia (1) ri th (3) vo ta c : 675
1
=256
2
=>
1
2
256
675

Bi 20: Nng lng ion ha nguyn t Hyr l 13,6eV. Bc sng ngn nht m nguyn t c th bc ra l :
A. 0,122m B. 0,0911m C. 0,0656m D. 0,5672m
HD Gii: 1
1
. h c
E E

=
2 2 2
13, 6( ) 13, 6( ) 13, 6
( ) 0 ( ( ) 13, 6
1 1
eV eV
eV eV

=>
1
.
13, 6.
h c
e

=9,11648.10
-8
m = 0,091165 m .Chn B
Bi 21: Bit bc sng vi vch u tin trong dy Laiman l:
21
0,122 m v vch cui cng ca dy banme l
2
0, 365 m
. Tm nng lng ion ha nguyn t hidro.

HD Gii: Vi vch u tin ca dy laiman ta c:
21
L K
hc
E E

(1)
Vi vch cui cng ca dy banme ta c:
2
L
hc
E E

(2)
Nng lng ion ha nguyn t hidro: E = E - E
K
T (1) v (2) ta c
21 2
hc hc
E

+
. Thay s v i n v ta s c kt qu E = 13,6eV
T: 0915718188 0906848238
5. Luyn tp trc nghim:
Cu 1: Trong nguyn t hyr, xt cc mc nng lng t K n P c bao nhiu kh nng kch thch lctrn tng
bn knh qu o ln 4 ln ?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 * D. 4
Cu 2 : Trong nguyn t hir, lectrn t qu o L chuyn v qu o K c nng lng E
K
= 13,6eV. Bc sng
bc x pht ra bng l =0,1218 m. Mc nng lng ng vi qu o L bng :
A. 3,2eV B. 3,4eV * . 4,1eV D. 5,6eV
Cu 3 : Chm nguyn t H ang trng thi c bn, b kch thch pht sng th chng c th pht ra ti a 3 vch
quang ph. Khi b kch thch electron trong nguyn t H chuyn sang qu o :
A. M * B. L C. O D. N
Cu 4: Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J ; h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s . Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir chuyn t
qu o dng c nng lng E
m
= - 0,85eV sang qu o dng c nng lng E = - 13,60eV th nguyn t pht bc x
in t c bc sng
A. 0,0974 m.* B. 0,4340 m. C. 0,4860 m. D. 0,6563 m.
Cu 5 : Trong nguyn t hir, bn knh Bo l r
o
= 5,3.10
-11
m. Bn knh qu o dng N l
A. 47,7.10
-11
m. B. 84,8.10
-11
m.* C. 21,2.10
-11
m. D. 132,5.10
-11
m.
HD: Qu o dng N ng vi n = 4 => r = n
2
r
0
= 16.5,3.10
-11
= 8,48.10
-10
m.= 84,8.10
-11
m.*
Cu 6: Cho bn knh qu o Bo th nht 0,53.10
-10
m. Bn knh qu o Bo th nm l:
A. 2,65. 10
-10
m B. 0,106. 10
-10
m C. 10,25. 10
-10
m D. 13,25. 10
-10
m
Cu 7 : Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s v ln ca in tch nguyn t l 1,6.10
-19
C. Khi nguyn t hir
chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng -1,514 eV sang trang thi dng c nng lng -3,407 eV th nguyn t pht ra
bc x c tn s
A. 2,571.10
13
Hz. B. 4,572.10
14
Hz.* C. 3,879.10
14
Hz. D. 6,542.10
12
Hz.
Cu 8: Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J; h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s. Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir chuyn t
qu o dng c nng lng -0,85 eV sang qu o dng c nng lng -13,60 eV th nguyn t pht bc x in t c
bc sng
A. 0,4340 m B. 0,4860 m C. 0,0974 m * D. 0,6563 m
Cu 9.,Mt nguyn t hir chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
M
= -1,5eV sang trng thi nng
lng E
L
= -3,4ev Bc sng ca bc x pht ra l:
A. 0,434 m B. 0,486 m C. 0,564 D. 0,654 m*
Cu 10. Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560 m. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 0,1220 m. Bc
sng di th hai ca dy Laiman l
A. 0,0528 m B. 0,1029 m* C. 0,1112 m D. 0,1211 m
Cu 11. Cho bc sng ca 4 vch quang ph nguyn t Hyro trong dy Banme l vch 0, 6563 H m
, vch
lam
0, 4860 H m

, vch chm
0, 4340 H m

, v vch tm 0, 4102 H m
. Hy tm bc sng ca 3 vch
quang ph u tin trong dy Pasen vng hng ngoi:
A.
43
53
63
1, 8729
1, 093
1, 2813
m
m
m

'
B.
43
53
63
1, 8729
1, 2813
1, 093
m
m
m

'
C.
43
53
63
1, 7829
1,8213
1, 093
m
m
m

'
D.
43
53
63
1,8729
1, 2813
1, 903
m
m
m

'
Cu 12: Trong quang ph vch ca hir bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman bng 1215A
0
, bc sng ngn nht
trongdy Ban-me bng 3650A
0
.Tm nng lng ion ho nguyn t hiro khi electron trn qu o c nng lng thp
nht l : ( cho h= 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c= 3.10
8
m/s ; 1A
0
=10
-10
m)
A. 13,6(ev) B. -13,6(ev) C. 13,1(ev) D. -13,1(ev)
Cu 13. Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560 m. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 0,1220 m. Bc
sng di th hai ca dy Laiman l
A. 0,0528 m; B. 0,1029 m; C. 0,1112 m; D. 0,1211 m
Cu 14. Hai vch quang ph c bc sng di nht ca dy Laiman c bc sng ln lt l
1
= 0,1216 m v
2
=
0,1026 m. Bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph ca dy Banme l
A. 0,5875 m; B. 0,6566 m; C. 0,6873 m; D. 0,7260 m
Cu 15.Bc sng ca vch quang ph u tin trong dy Laiman l
o
= 122nm, ca vch H
trong dy Banme l
= 656nm. Bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai trong dy Laiman l
A. 10,287nm. B. 102,87nm. C. 20,567nm. D. 205,67nm.
Cu 16. Bc sng ca hai vch H
v H
trong dy Banme l
1
= 656nm v
2
= 486nm. Bc sng ca vch
quang ph u tin trong dy Pasen.
A. 1,8754 m. B. 0,18754 m. C. 18,754 m. D. 187,54 m.
Cu 17. Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, vch ng vi bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l
1
=
0,1216 m v vch ng vi s chuyn ca electron t qu o M v qu o K c bc sng
2
= 0,1026 m. Hy
tnh bc sng di nht
3
trong dy Banme.
A. 6,566 m. B. 65,66 m. C. 0,6566 m. D. 0,0656 m.
Cu 18. Trong quang ph vch ca hir cho bit vch mu v mu tm c bc sng l H = 0,6563m v H =
0,4102m . Bc sng ngn nht trong dy Pasen l :
A. 1,0939m B. 0,1094 m C. 0,7654 m D. 0,9734 m
Cu 19. .Bit mc nng lng ng vi qu o dng n trong nguyn t hir : E
n
= -13,6/n
2
(eV); n = 1,2,3, ...
Electron trong nguyn t hir trng thi c bn c kch thch chuyn ln trng thi c bn knh qu o
tng ln 9 ln. Khi chuyn di v mc c bn th nguyn t pht ra bc x c nng lng ln nht l
A. 13,6 eV. B. 12,1 eV C. 10,2 eV D. 4,5 eV
Cu 20. Mc nng lng ca cc qu o dng ca nguyn t hir ln lt t trong ra ngoi l E
1
= - 13,6
eV; E
2
= - 3,4 eV; E
3
= - 1,5 eV; E
4
= - 0,85 eV. Nguyn t trng thi c bn c kh nng hp th cc
phtn c nng lng no di y nhy ln mt trong cc mc trn:
A. 12,2 eV B. 3,4 eV C. 10,2 eV D. 1,9 eV
Cu 21. Trong nguyn t hir mc nng lng ng vi qu o dng th n c cho bi: E
n
= -
2
13,6
eV
n
.
Nng lng ng vi vch ph
H
l:
A. 2,55 eV B. 13,6 eV C. 3,4 eV D. 1,9 eV
Cu 22: Cc mc nng lng ca nguyn t H trng thi dng c xc nh bng cng thc E
n
= -
2
n
6 , 13
eV, vi n l
s nguyn n= 1,2,3,4 ... ng vi cc mc K,L,M,N. Tnh tn s ca bc x c bc sng di nht dy Banme
A 2,315.10
15
Hz B. 2,613.10
15
Hz C 2,463.10
15
Hz D. 2, 919.10
15
Hz
Cu 23. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s ; c = 3.10
8
m/s. Mc nng lng ca cc qu o dng ca nguyn t hir ln
lt t trong ra ngoi l 13,6 eV; - 3,4 eV; - 1,5 eV vi: E
n
=
2
13,6
eV
n
; n = 1, 2, 3
Khi electron chuyn t mc nng lng ng vi n = 3 v n = 1 th s pht ra bc x c tn s:
A. 2,9.10
14
Hz B. 2,9.10
15
Hz C. 2,9.10
16
Hz D. 2,9.10
17
Hz
Cu 24. Nng lng ca qu o dng th n trong nguyn t hiro c tnh bi h thc:
2
13, 6
n
E eV
n
(n l s
nguyn). Tnh 2 bc sng gii hn ca dy quang ph Banme (do electron chuyn t qu o c mc cao hn v mc
n = 2)
A.
3
0, 657 ; ' 0, 365 m m B.
12 12
3
1, 05.10 ; ' 0, 584.10 m m
C.
3
6, 57 ; ' 3, 65 m m D.
7 7
3
1, 26.10 ; ' 0, 657.10 m m

Cu 25: Cho bit nng lng cn thit ti thiu bt in t ra khi nguyn t Hyr t trng thi c bn l 13,6 eV.
Tnh bc sng ngn nht ca vch quang ph trong dy Pasen. Bit khi chuyn t qu o M v qu o K, nguyn t
Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng 0,1026 m .
A. Khng xc nh c. B.
min
= 0,8321 m . C.
min
= 0,1321 m . D.
min
= 0,4832 m
Cu 26. Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560 m. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l
0,1220 m. Bc sng di th hai ca dy Laiman l
A. 0,0528 m B. 0,1029 m C. 0,1112 m D. 0,1211 m
Cu 27. Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman l 1220 nm, bc sng ca vch quang
ph th nht v th hai ca dy Banme l 0,656 m v 0,4860 m. Bc sng ca vch th ba trong dy
Laiman l
A. 0,0224 m B. 0,4324 m C. 0,0975 m D. 0,3672 m
Cu 28: Khi chuyn t qu o M v qu o L, nguyn t Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng 0,6563 m . Khi
chuyn t qu o N v qu o L, nguyn t Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng 0,4861 m. Khi chuyn t qu
o N v qu o M, nguyn t Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng .
A/ 1,1424 m B/ 0,1702 m C/ 1,8744 m D/ 0,2793 m
* S dng d kin sau:Trong nguyn t hir, gi tr c mc nng nng ng vi cc qu o K, L, M, N, O ln
lt l -13,6 eV; -3,4 eV; -1,51 eV; -0,85 eV; -0,54 eV. Tr li cu 29; 30:
Cu 29: nguyn t c mc nng lng no trong cc mc di y? Chn kt qu ng trong cc kt qu sau:
A. E = -2,42.10
-20
J B. E = -2,42.10
-19
J C. E = -2,40.10
-19
J D. E = 2,42.10
-19
J
Cu 30: nguyn t hir c th pht ra mt bc x c bc sng trong chn khng no trong cc bc sng di y?
Chn kt qu ng trong cc kt qu sau:
A. = 102,7
m
B. = 102,7 pm C. = 102,7 nm D. = 102,7 m.
Cu 31: Cho 3 vch c bc sng di nht trong 3 dy quang ph ca nguyn t Hir l :
1L
( Laiman ) ;
1B
(Banme) ;
1P
( Pasen ). Cng thc tnh bc sng
3L
l:
A.
L 1 B 1 P 1 L 3
1 1 1 1
. B.
L 1 P 1 B 1 L 3
1 1 1 1
.
C.
L 1 B 1 P 1 L 3
1 1 1 1
. D.
P 1 B 1 L 1 L 3
1 1 1 1
.
Cu 32: Cho bit bc sng di nht ca dy Laiman , Banme v pasen trong quang ph pht x ca nguyn t hyr
ln lt l
1
,
2
,
3
. C th tm c bao nhiu bc sng ca cc bc x khc.
A/ 2 B/ 3. C/ 4 D/5
Cu 33. Mt electron c ng nng 12,4 eV n va chm vi nguyn t hir ng yn, trng thi c bn.
Sau va chm nguyn t hir vn ng yn nhng chuyn ln mc kch thch u tin. ng nng ca
electron cn li l:
A. 10,2 eV B. 2,2 eV C. 1,2 eV D. Mt gi tr khc.
Cu 34. Theo thuyt Bo ,bn knh qu o th nht ca electron trong nguyn t hidro l
0
r = 5,3.10
11
m, cho hng s
in k= 9.10
9

2
2
Nm
C
. Hy xc nh vn tc gc ca electron chuyn ng trn u quanh ht nhn trn qu o ny.
A. 6,8.10
16
rad/s B. 2,4.10
16
rad/s C. 4,6.10
16
rad/s D. 4,1.10
16
rad/s
Cu 35: nguyn t hir gm mt ht nhn v mt lectrn quay xung quanh n. Lc tng tc gia lectrn v ht
nhn l lc tng tc in (lc Culng). Vn tc ca lectrn khi n chuyn ng trn qu o c bn knh r
0
= 5,3.10
-
11
m (qu o K) s vng quay ca lectrn trong mt n v thi gian c th nhn nhng gi tr ng no sau y?
Cho: Hng s in k = 9.10
9
2
2
.
C
m N
; e = 1,6.10
-19
C; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg; h = 6,625.10
-34
Js.
A. V = 2,2.10
6
m/s; f = 6,6.10
15
vng/giy B. V = 2,2.10
4
m/s; f = 6,6.10
18
vng/giy
C. V = 2,2.10
6
km/s; f = 6,6.10
15
vng/giy D. Cc gi tr khc.
Cu 36: Khi electron qu o dng th n th nng lng ca nguyn t Hydro c tnh theo cng thc
2
6 , 13
n
E
n
eV (n = 1, 2, 3, ...). Khi electron trong nguyn t Hydro chuyn t qu o dng th n = 3 sang qu o
dng n = 2 th nguyn t Hydro pht ra photon ng vi bc x c bc sng bng:
A. 0,4350 m B. 0,4861 m C. 0,6576 m D. 0,4102 m
Cu 37: Bc sng ng vi bn vch quang ph Hyro l vch tm:
m 4102 , 0
; vch chm:
m 4340 , 0
; vch lam:
m 4861 , 0
; vch :
m 6563 , 0
. Bn vch ny ng vi s chuyn ca lectron trong nguyn t Hyro t cc qu
o M, N, O v P v qu o L. Hi vch lam ng vi s chuyn no ?
A. S chuyn L M B. S chuyn N L C. S chuyn L O D. S chuyn L P
Cu 38: Tn s ln nht v bc sng nh nht ca dy Laiman l:
A.
0
max min
0
E h
f ;
hc E

B.
0
max min
0
E h
f ;
h E

C.
0
max min
0
E hc
f ;
h E

D.
0
max min
0
E hc
f ;
hc E

Cu 39: Tn s ln nht v bc sng nh nht ca dy Banme l:
A.
0
max min
0
E 4h
f ;
4hc E

B.
0
max min
0
E 4hc
f ;
4h E

C.
0
max min
0
E 4h
f ;
4h E

D.
0
max min
0
E 4hc
f ;
4hc E

Cu 40. Tn s ln nht v bc sng nh nht ca dy Pasen l:
A.
0
max min
0
E 9hc
f ;
9h E

B.
0
max min
0
E 9h
f ;
9hc E

C.
0
max min
0
E 9hc
f ;
9hc E

D.
0
max min
0
E 9h
f ;
9h E

III. TIA RN-GHEN (TIA X)
1. Tm tt l thuyt v cng thc:
- Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen:
2
1
2
Maz
Min
hc
hf mv

=>
Min
hc
E
l =

- ng nng ca electron khi p vo i catt (i m cc) :
2 2
0
2 2
mv mv
E e U = = +
U l hiu in th gia ant v catt; v l vn tc electron khi p vo i catt
v
0
l vn tc ca electron khi ri catt (thng v
0
= 0);
m = 9,1.10
-31
kg l khi lng electron
- Cng ca lc in :
2
1
2
e U mv
2.Bi tp:
DNG 1: Tm bc sng nh nht do tia X pht ra (hay tn s ln nht)
Hng dn:
AK
U : in p t vo Ant v Katt ca ng Cu-lt-gi(ng Rnghen)
- Hin tng: khi cc electron c tng tc trong in trng th nng lng ca chng gm ng nng ban u cc
i v nng lng in trng cung cp.
- Khi p vo i m cc th nng lng gm nhit lng (lm nng i m cc) v nng lng pht tia X.
-> Nng lng dng electron = nng lng tia X + Nhit nng (nhit nng rt ln so vi nng lng tia X)
X X
Q +

X
hc

X
X
hc hc

Vi = /e/ U
AK
.
Suy ra:
AK
U e
hc
| |

Vy bc sng ngn nht ca tia X pht ra l:
AK
U e
hc
| |
min

=> f
max
=
min
c
V d 1: Trong mt ng Rn-ghen. Bit hiu in th gia ant va catt l U = 2.10
6
(V). Hy tm bc
sng nh nht
min
ca tia Rn- ghen do ng pht ra? .
HD Gii: Ta c : E
=
2
2
1
mv
= eU.
Khi lectron p vo catt : Ta c : eU. => hf =
eU
hc
eU
hc

.
Vy bc sng nh nht ca tia Rn-ghen l :
min
=
eU
hc
.
Thay s : U = 2.10
6
= 20.10
3
(V) ; h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s)
e = 1,6.10
-19
(C) ; c = 3.10
8
(m/s).
Vy :
min
=
) ( 62 , 0 ) ( 10 . 62 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 6 , 1
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
12
8 19
8 34
pm m

.
V d 2: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca ng Rnghen l 18,75kV. Cho e=1,6.10
-19
C, h=6,625.10
-34
Js,
c=3.10
8
m/s. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron. Bc sng nh nht m tia Rnghen pht ra l bao nhiu?
HD Gii: -Vn dng cng thc :
AK
U e
hc
| |
min

- Thay s: ta c:
min
0,6625.10
-10
m
M rng: Cng bi ton trn yu cu tm f
max
th p dng cng thc f
max
=
min
c
DNG 2: Tm vn tc cc i ca electron khi p vo catot.
Hng dn:Vn dng cng thc: E
=A=|e| U
AK
l nng lng do in trng cung cp
Vi: |e|U
AK
=E
=mv
2
/2 . T suy ra c v
V d 1: Hiu in th gia Anot v catot ca ng Culitz l 20kV. Cho e=1,6.10
-19
C, h=6,625.10
-34
Js,
c=3.10
8
m/s. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron. Tnh vn tc ca electron khi p vo catot?
HD Gii: Vn dng cng thc |e|U
AK
=E
=mv
2
/2 ta c v=8,4.10
7
m/s.
DNG 3: Tnh nhit lng lm nng i Katt.
Nhit lng lm nng i Katt bng tng ng nng ca cc quang electron n p vo i Katt:
Q =W = N.W

= N.e.
AK
U
.Vi N tng s quang electron n i Katt.
M Q= mC(t
2
-t
1
), vi C nhit dung ring ca kim loi lm i Katt
c.Bi tp c hng dn hoc p s:
Bi 1: Bit hiu in th gia A v K ca ng tia Rnghen l 12kV. Tm bc sng nh nht ca tia Rn-
ghen do ng pht ra. T suy ra tn s ln nht ca bc x do ng Rn-ghen pht ra.
S: Suy ra:
Hz f
18
max
10 . 9 , 2
Bi 2: Mt ng Rnghen pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 3.10
-10
m. Bit c = 3.10
8
m/s; h = 6,625.10
-34
Js. ng nng ca lectron khi p vo i m cc l:
A. 19,875.10
-16
J. B. 19,875.10
-19
J. C. 6,625.10
-16
J. D. 6,625.10
-19
J.
HD Gii: ng nng ca lectron khi p vo i m cc c th mt phn hoc ton b chuyn thnh nng
lng ca tia X:
hc
mv
2
1
2
0
; du = xy ra vi nhng bc x c bc sng nh nht, do
16
10
8 34
min
2
0
10 . 625 , 6
10 . 3
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 hc
mv
2
1

J .Chn C
Bi 3: Chm tia Rn-ghen m ngi ta thy c nhng tia c tn s ln nht v bng Hz
19
10 . 5 .
a. Tnh ng nng cc i ca electron p vo i catt?
b. Tnh in p hai u ng Rn-ghen? Bit vn tc ca electron khi ri Catt bng khng.
c. Trong 20s ngi ta xc nh c 10
18
electron p vo i catt. Tnh cng dng in qua ng Rn-
ghen?
S: a.
J W
14
max
10 . 3125 , 3

b.
V U
5
10 . 07 , 2
c. mA i 8
Bi 4: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi c in p gia hai u ng Cu- lt - gi l 10KV vi dng in trong ng l I =
1mA.
a) Tnh s e p vo i Katt sau mt pht ?
b) Tnh ng nng ca e p vo i Katt ?
c) Tnh bc sng nh nht ca tia X ?
d) Coi rng ch c 1% s e p vo i Katt to ra tia X. Sau mt pht hot ng th i Katt nng thm
bao nhiu cho khi lng ca i Katt l m = 100g v nhit dung ring l 120J/kg.
S: a) s:N=3,74. 10
17

b) W
=1,6.10
-15
J
c)
0
=1,24.
10
10
m

d) suy ra t =49,368
0
C
Bi 5: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi c U
AK
= 15KV v dng in chy qua ng l 20mA.
a) Tnh tc v ng nng ca e ti i Katt (v
0
=0).
b) Tnh nhit lng to ra trn i Katt trong mi pht v lu lng H
2
0 lm ngui i Katt bit rng
nhit ca nc i vo l 20
0
v i ra l 40
0
nhit dung ring cu nc l C= 4186 J/kg. ( cho rng ton
b ng nng ca e lm nng i Katt ).
S: a )v=72,63. 10
6
m/s
b) Q=18000J .Vy lu lng nc lm ngui i Ka tt=3,58(g/s)
Bi 6: (*): Mt ng Rn-ghen hot ng di in p
V U 50000
. Khi cng dng in qua ng
Rn-ghen l mA I 5 . Gi thit 1% nng lng ca chum electron c chuyn ha thnh nng lng ca
tia X v nng lng trung bnh ca cc tia X sinh ra bng 75% nng lng ca tia c bc sng ngn nht.
Bit electron pht ra khi catot vi vn tc bng 0.
a. Tnh cng sut ca dng in qua ng Rn-ghen
b. Tnh s photon ca tia X pht ra trong 1 giy?
c. Catot c lm ngui bng dng nc c nhit ban u C t
0
1
10 . Hy tm lu lng nc (lt/pht)
phi dung gi cho nhit catot khng thay i. Bit khi ra khi ng Rn-ghen th nhit ca nc l
C t
0
2
25 . Nhit dung ring ca nc l
K kg
J
c
.
4200
. Khi lng ring ca nc l 1000kg/m
3
.
S: a.
W P 250

b. S photon do tia X sinh ra trong 1 giy:
14
10 . 2 , 4 N (photon/s)
c. Phn nng lng bin thnh nhit trong 1 giy:
UI Q . 99 , 0
.
23 , 0 m
(lt/pht)
3.Trc nghim
Cu 1 : in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l U
o
= 18200V .B qua ng nng ca lectron khi
bt khi catt .Tnh bc sng ngn nht ca tia X do ng pht ra .Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s ; |e| = 1,6.10
-
19
C :
A. 68pm * B. 6,8pm C. 34pm D. 3,4pm
Cu 2 : in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l 18,75 kV. Bit ln in tch lectrn (lectron),
tc sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C ; 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s. B qua ng nng ban
u ca lectrn. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen do ng pht ra l
A. 0,4625.10
-9
m. B. 0,5625.10
-10
m. C. 0,6625.10
-9
m. D. 0,6625.10
-10
m.*
Cu 3 : ng Cu-lt-gi hot ng vi hiu in th cc i 50(kV). Bc sng nh nht ca tia X m ng c th to ra
l:(ly gn ng). Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
(m/s).
A. 0,25(A
0
).* B. 0,75(A
0
). C. 2(A
0
). D. 0,5(A
0
).
Cu 4 : in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l U
o
= 25 kV. Coi vn tc ban u ca chm
lectrn (lectron) pht ra t catt bng khng. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s , in tch nguyn t bng 1,6.10
-
19
C. Tn s ln nht ca tia Rnghen do ng ny c th pht ra l
A. 6,038.10
18
Hz.* B. 60,380.10
15
Hz. C. 6,038.10
15
Hz. D. 60,380.10
18
Hz.
Cu 5 : Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 2,65.10
-11
m .B qua ng nng ban u ca cc
lectron khi thot ra khi b mt catt .Bit h = 6,625.10
-34
Js , c = 3.10
8
m/s , e = 1,6.10
-19
C .in p cc i gia hai cc
ca ng l :
A. 46875V * B. 4687,5V C. 15625V D. 1562,5V
Cu 6 : Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5A
0
. Cho in tch electrn l 1,6.10
-19
C, hng s
Planck l 6,625.10
-34
Js, vn tc ca nh sng trong chn khng l 3.10
8
m/s. Hiu in th cc i U
o
gia ant v catt
l bao nhiu ?
A. 2500 V B. 2485 V * C. 1600 V D. 3750 V
Cu 7: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 6,21.10
-11
m. Bit ln in tch lectrn
(lectron), tc sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C, 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s .B qua
ng nng ban u ca lectrn. in p cc i gia ant v catt ca ng l
A. 2,00 kV. B. 20,00 kV.* C. 2,15 kV. D. 21,15 kV.
Cu 8 : Trong mt ng Cu-lt-gi ngi ta to ra mt hiu in th khng i gia hai cc. Trong mt pht ngi ta m
c 6.10
18
in t p vo ant. Tnh cng dng in qua ng Cu-lt-gi
A. 16mA B. 1,6A C. 1,6mA D. 16A
* ng tia X lm vic hiu in th U = 50 (kV) v cng dng in I = 2 (mA), trong 1 giy bc x n =
5.10
13
phtn. Bit bc sng trunh bnh ca tia X l = 0,1 (nm). Cho bit : c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ; h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s). Hy tr li cc cu hi 9 v 10.
Cu 9: Cng sut ca dng din s dng l:
A. 300 W , B. 400 W , C. 500 W , D. 530 W .
Cu 10: Hiu sut ca ng tia X l:
A. 0,1 % , B. 1 % , C. 10 % , D. 19% .
4.Bi tp rn luyn
Bi 1 : Mt ng pht tia X c hiu in th U=2.10
4
V.B qua ng nng ban u ca e lc ra khi catt.Tr li cc cu
hi sau y.
Cu 1:Vn tc ca e khi chm ti ca tt l bao nhiu?
A:0,838.10
8
m/s; B:0,838.10
6
m/s ; C:0,638.10
8
m/s ; D:0,740.10
8
m/s .
Cu 2:Tnh bc sng cc tiu ca chm tia X pht ra
A:6,02.10
-11
m; B:6,21.10
-11
m; C:5,12.10
-12
m; D:4,21.10
-12
m.
Cu 3:ng nng ca e khi dp vo i ca tt l bao nhiu?
A:4,2.10
-15
J; B:3,8.10
-15
J; C:3,8.10
-16
J; D:3,2.10
-15
J.
Bi 2 : Trong chm tia Rn-ghen pht ra t mt ng Rn-ghen, ngi ta thy nhng tia c tn s ln nht bng f
max
=5.10
8
(Hz).
a). Tnh hiu in th gia hai cc ca ng v ng nng cc i ca electron p vo i catt.
b). Trong 2 giy ngi ta tnh c c 10
18
electron p vo i catt.Tnh cng dng in qua ng.
c). i catt c lm ngui bng dng nc chy lun bn trong. Nhit li ra cao hn li vo l 10
0
C. Tnh
lu lng theo n v m
3
/s ca dng nc . Xem gn ng 100% ng nng ca chm electron u chuyn thnh
nhit lm nng i catt. Cho: nhit dung ring v khi lng ring ca nc l c = 4186 (J/kgK), D = 10
3
(kg/m
3
) ;
khi lng ring v in tch ca electron l m = 9,1.10
-31
(kg), e = 1,6.10
-19
(C); hng s Plank h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s).
S : a).W
Max
= 3,3125.10
-15
(J).U = 20,7 (kV).b).I = 0,008 (A) = 8 (mA). c). Lu lng: L = ) / ( 4
3
s cm
D
m
.
C. T LUN I HC CAO NG D B CC NM TRC
Bi 1 (H-C-2005): Catt ca mt t bo trong quang in c cng thot electron bng 3,55eV. Ngi ta
ln lt chiu vo catt ny cc bc x c bc sng
1
= 0,390 m v
2
= 0,270 m. Vi bc x no th
hin tng quang in xy ra? Tnh ln ca hiu in th hm trong trng hp ny. Cho vn tc nh sng
trong chn khng c = 3x10
8
m/s, hng s Plng h = 6,625x10
-34
J.s; ln ca in tch ca electron |e| =
1,6x10
-19
c; 1eV = 1,6x10
-19
J.
HD Gii:
Ta c:
34 14
19
hc hc 6, 625 10 3 10
A 0, 350 m
A
3, 55 1, 6 10
x x x
x x
1
>
0
: khng xy ra hin tng quang in.
2
>
0
: xy ra hin tng quang in.
V
2
h 0max h
2 0
1 hc hc
eU max nn eU
2
+

Suy ra ln hiu in th hm:
0 2
h
0 2
hc
U 1, 05V
e
_

,
Bi 2 ( d b H-C-2005): Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot electron A = 1,88 eV. Chiu
mt chm sng c bc sng vo catt ny th hin tng quang in xy ra. trit tiu hon ton dng
quang in th hiu in th hm c ln 1,15V. Tnh bc sng ca electron khi ti ant bng bao nhiu
? Bit rng s Plng h = 6,625. 10
-34
J.s; vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s ; ln in tch ca
electron e = 1,6.10
-19
c; 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J
HD Gii:
-T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in:
2
0max h
34 8
46
19
h
hc 1
A mv A e U
2
hc 6, 625x10 x3x10
0, 41x10 m
A e U
(1, 88 1,15)x1, 6x10
+ +

+
+
hay = 0,41 m. suy ra
2
b omax omax
1
e U mv K
2

Vi
omax
K
l ng nng ban u cc i ca mt electron.
-Nu t gia ant v catt hiu in th U
AK
th khi i t catt n ant, electron nhn c thm in nng
e U
AK
nn ng nng ln nht ca electron s l K
max
. Theo nh lut bo ton nng lng:
max 0max AK h AK
19 19
K K e U e U e U
1, 6x10 (1,15 4) 8, 24x10 J 5,15eV

+ +
+
Bi 3 ( d b H-C-2005): Khi chiu bc x c bc sng
0,180 m
vo katot ca mt t bo
quang in th hin tng quang in xy ra. trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th hin in th hm c
ln 2.124V . Tnh gii hn quang in
o
ca kim loi dng lm katot. Nu t gia anod v katot ca t

bo quang in hiu in th U
AK
= 8V th ng nng cc i ca electron quang in khi n ti anod bng
bao nhiu? Cho c = 3x10
8
m/s; h = 6.625 x 10
-34
J.S; in tch ca e:|e|=1.6 x 10
-19
C
HD Gii:
-T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in:
h
h
0 0
e U
hc hc 1 1
e U
hc
+

-Thay s:
19
6
0
6 34 8
0
1 1 1.6 10 2.124
0.26 10 m 0.26 m
0.18 10 6.625 10 3 10

-ng nng cc i ca quang in electron:
( )
19
max h AK
8
K e U U 1.6 10 (2.124 8)
1.62 10 J 10.124MeV
+ +

Bi 4 ( d b H-C-2004): Chiu nh sng bc sng = 0,42 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang
in c cng thot A = 2eV. trit tiu dng quang in th hiu in th t vo gia ant v catt ca t
bo quang in phi tha mn iu kin g? Cho rng s Plng h = 6,625x10
-34
J.s in tch electron e =
-1,6x10
-19
C; Vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3x10
8
m/s; 1eV= 1,6x10
-19
J
HD Gii:
-T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in: h h
hc 1 hc
A e U U A
e
_
+

,
-Th s:
34 8
19
h
19 6
1 6, 625x10 x3x10
U 2x1, 6x10
1, 6x10 0, 42x10
0, 958V

_

,
-Vy trit tiu dng quang in th

AK
U 0, 958V
Bi 5 ( d b H-C-2005): Khi ri nh n sc c bc sng
0, 5 m
ln mt l kim loi c lp
cha nhim in th l kim loi nhim in n in th ti a V
max
= 1,5V. Gii thch s nhim in ny v
xc nh gii hn quang in ca kim loi . Cho hng s Plng, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng, gi tr
tuyt i ca in tch electron ln lt l: h = 6,625X10
-34
K.s, c = 3x10
8
m/s, e = 1,6 X 10
-19
C.
HD Gii:
-Gii thch s nhim in: Khi mt electron hp th mt phtn ca nh sng ti, electron s c nng lng
ln hn cng thot A nn n c th bt khi b mt kim loi c chiu sng, lm cho kim loi thiu in tch
m nn kim loi tch in dng.
-Xc nh
0
T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in: max

0
hc hc
e . V +

19
max
6 34 8
0
e . V
1 1 1 1, 6 10 1, 5
hc
0, 5 10 6, 625 10 3 10

=>
6
0
1, 2619 10 m 1, 2619 m.

Bi 6 ( D b H-C-2003): Chiu chm sng c bc sng
0, 497 m
. C cng sut P = 0,5mW vo
catt kim loi ca mt t bo quang in. Dng quang in trit tiu khi hiu in th gia ant v catt
AK
U 0, 4V.
a) Xc nh cng thot electron ca kim loi ny.
b) Bit rng c 1000 phtn p vo catt trong 1 giy s lm thot ra 1 electron. Xc nh cng
dng quang in bo ha I
bh
. Cho vn tc nh sng trong chn khng, hng s Plng, gi tr tuyt i ca in
tch electron ln lt l c = 3 x 10
8
m/s; e = 1,6 x 10
-19
C; h = 6,625 x 10
-34
J.s.
HD Gii:
a.Theo cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in:
AK
hc
A e U +
34 8
10
AK
6
hc 6, 625 10 3 10
A e U 1, 6 10 0, 4 2,1eV
0, 497 10

Gi N l s phtn p vo catt trong 1s:
P P
N
hc
b.S electron thot ra khi catt trong 1s l:

N
n
1000

Vy
bh
Ne P e
I n.e
1000 hc.1000
.
Thay s:
3 6 19
6
bh
3 34 8
0, 5 10 0, 497 10 1, 6 10
I 0, 2 10 A
10 6, 625 10 3 10

Hay I
bh
= 0,2 A
Bi 7 (H-C-2006): Ba vch c bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman ca quang ph hir l
1
=
0,1220 m;
2
= 0,128 m;
3
= 0,0975 m. Hi khi nguyn t hir b kch thch sao cho electron chuyn
ln qu o N th nguyn t c th pht ra cc bc x ng vi cc bc x cho.
Cho hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s.
HD Gii:
Dy Banme c to thnh khi electron chuyn t qu o bn ngoi v qu o L. Vy khi electron ang
qu o N, th n c th chuyn v qu o L theo hai cch:
- Chuyn trc tip t N v L v nguyn t pht ra bc x ng vi vch mu lam H
.
- Chuyn t N v M, ri t M chuyn v L, nguyn t pht ra bc x ng vi vch mu
H
.
- Nng lng photon ng vi bc x mu :
M L M K L K
hc
E E (E E ) (E E )
hc hc 1 1
hc( )
hc( )
.
2 1 2 1
1 2
1 2

(1)
Thay s vo (1), ta c:
34 8 6
a
12
6, 625.10 .3.10 (0,1220 0,1028).10
0,1220 0,1028.10

=>
19
3, 04.10 J

Nng lng photon ng vi bc x mu lam:
N L N K L K
3 3
hc
E E (E E ) (E E )
hc hc 1 1
hc( )
1 1

3
3
hc( )
.
1
(2)
Thay s vo (2) ta c:
34 8 6
12
6,625.10 3.10 (0,1220 0,0975).10
0,1220 0,0975.10

=>
19
4.09.10 J

Bi 8 (H-C-2004): Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, vch ng vi bc sng di nht trong
dy Laiman l
1
= 0,1216 m v ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o M v qu o K c bc
sng
2
= 0,1026 m. Hy tnh bc sng di nht
3
trong dy Banme.
HD Gii:
-Bc sng
1
ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o L v qu o K: L K
1
hc
E E (1)
-Bc sng
2
ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o M v qu o K: M K
2
hc
E E (2)
-Bc sng di nht

3
trong dy Banme ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o M v qu o L.

T (1) v (2) (hoc t hnh v) suy ra
L
M
K

Hnh bi 8

( ) ( )
M L
3 2 1
3 2 1
1 2
3
1 2
hc hc hc
E E
1 1 1
0,1216 0,1026
0, 6566 m
0,1216 0,1026

Bi 9 (D b H-C-2002): Khi chiu bc x c tn s
15
f 2,1x10 Hz vo catt ca mt t bo quang
in th cc electron quang in bn ra u b gi li bi hiu in th hm c ln
h
U 6, 625V
. Xc nh
gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt.
HD Gii:
-Khi
AK
U
kh ln th tt c electron quang in b t khi catt s v ht ant v to thnh dng in
bh
I

Nu tip tc tng
AK
U
th s electron v ant (trong 1s) cng khng tng hn na tc
bh
I
cng khng tng
v vy
bh
I
gi l cng dng quang in bo ha.
-p dng cng thc Anhxtanh: n
o
hc
hf eU +

o
n
n
hc c
e hf eU
f .U
h

_

,
Th s
8
o
15 19
34
3x10
0,6 m
6, 625
2,1x10 1,6x10
6,625x10

,
.
Bi 10 (D b H-C-2002): Chiu nh sng n sc bc sng = 0.22m vo catot ca t bo quang
in th dng quang in trit tiu khi hiu in th gia anot v catot U
AK
-6V. Tnh gii hn quang in
ca kim loi lm catot. Cho hng s Plng h = 6.625 x 10
-34
J.s, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3 x
10
8
m/s, in tch e = -1.6 x 10
-19
C.
HD Gii:
-T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in ta c
2
omax AK
o o
hc hc 1 hc
mV eU
2
+ +

AK
o
eU 1 1
hc

19
6
6 34 8
o
1 1 1.6x10 x 6
3.366x10
0.122x10 6.625x10 x3x10

o

= 0.297 x 10
-6
m = 0.297m.
Bi 11 (H-2002) : Cc bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph thuc dy Laiman v dy Banme trong
quang ph vch ca hir tng ng l
21
= 0.1218m v
32
= 0.6563m. Tnh nng lng ca photon
pht ra khi electron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K.
HD Gii:
-Ta c:

L K
21
hc
E E
v:

M L
32
hc
E E
-Nng lng ca photon c pht ra khi electron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K l:
E
MK
= E
M
E
K
= E
M
E
L
+ E
L
- E
K
= hc
_
+

, 32 21
1 1
-Thay s: E
MK
=6.625 x 10
-34
x 3 x 10
8

_
+

,
6
1 1 1
x
0.6563 0.1218
10
=1.93.10
-18
J=12.1eV
Bi 12(CSP H NI-2004): Ngi ta chiu ng thi hai loi nh sng n sc c bc sng

1
0,656 m
v

2
0,486 m
vo catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot
19
A 3,61x10 J
.
1) Gii thch ti sao ln vn tc ban u ca cc electron quang in bt ra khi catt khng bng
nhau?
2) Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca t boquang in l 1,2V (ant ni vi cc dng ca ngun
in). Tnh vn tc cc i ca cc electron quang in khi p vo ant.
3) Cho cng sut bc x nh sng c bc sng
1
v
2
ni trn tng ng l
1
P 0,2W
v
2
P 0,1W
. Tnh s photon p vo catt trong mi giy .Bit rng:
34
h 6,625x10 J s
;
8
C 3x10 m/ s
;
31
e
m 9,1x10 kg;
19
e 1,6x10 C
.
HD Gii:
1) Gii thch vn tc cc electron quang in khc nhau. Gii hn quang in:
o
hc
0,55 m
A
.
Do , bc x
>
1 2
nn khng xyra hin tng quang in,
<
2 o
: xy ra hin tng quang in
Cc electron nm st mt kim loi khi hp th photon bn ra vi ng nng cc i:
+
2
omax
mv
hf A
2
i vi cc electron nm lp su trong kim loi th trc khi n b mt kim loi, chng va chm vi cc
ion ca kim loi v mt mt phn nng lng do vn tc ban u ca chng nh hn
omax
v
ni trn.
2) Tnh vn tc cc i ca cc electron quang in khi p vo ant. ng nng cc i ca electron khi bt
rakhi catt
+
omax
2
hc
A W

19
omax
2
hc
W A 0,4795x10 J
ng nng cc i ca cc electron khi p vo ant:

+ +
19 19 19
omax
W W eU 0,4795x10 1,2x1,6x10 2,4x10 J
Vn tc cc i ca cc electron khi p vo catt:

19
6
31
2W 2x2,4x10
v 0,73x10 m/ s
m
9,1x10
3) Tnh s phton p vo catt mi giy:
P
n v
hc P
n
hc
S phton p vo catt trong 1 giy do bc x
1
v
2
chiu vo catt:

+ +
17 17 17 1 1 2 2
P P
N 6,6x10 2,45x10 9,05x10
hc hc
Bi 13 (CSP H NI-2005): Trong quang ph ca hir, bc sng di nht trong dy Lyman l
1
=
0.1220 m, bc sng ngn nht trong dy Lyman l
2
= 0.0193 m. Tnh
a) Bc sng ngn nht trong dy Bannme
b) Nng lng cn thit ion ha nguyn t hidro
Cho hng s Plang h = 6.625x 10
-34
J.s, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c= 3x10
8
m/s.
HD Gii:
a) Tnh
3
:bc sng di nht trong dy Lyman : 2 1

1
hc
E E

(1)
bc sng ngn nht trong dy Lyman: 1
2
hc
E E

(2)
bc sng ngn nht trong dy Banme: 2
3
hc
E E

(3)
T (1), (2), (3)
3 2 1
hc hc hc

=>
3 2 1
1 1 1

=>
1 2
3
1 2
0,122.0, 0193
0, 0229
0,122 0, 0193
m

b) Nng lng ion ha nguyn t hydro:
26
19
1
6
19,875 10
21, 77 10 13, 6
0, 0913 10
hc x
E E x J eV
x

Bi 14 (C CN H NI-2005): Kim loi lm catt ca mt t bo quang in c gii hn quang in
o.
Ln lt chiu ti b mt catt hai bc x c bc sng

1
0,4 m
v

2
0,5 m
th vn tc ban u cc
i ca electron bn ra khi b mt catt khc nhau 2 ln. Tnh
o
.
HD Gii: Tnh
o
.
-Ap dng h thc Anhxtanh vi
1
,
2
:
+ +
'
+ +
2 2 2
1 1 1
1 o
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 o
hc 1 hc 1
A mV mV V (1)
2 2
hc 1 hc 1
A mV mV V (2)
2 2
-V
< >
1 2 1 2
V V
nn
1 2
V 2V
thay vo (1) v (2)
-Ta c

'

2 2
2 1
1 o
2 2
o o 1
2 2
2 o
hc hc 1
4x mV V
2
hc hc hc
3 4
hc hc 1
4 4 4x mV V
2

1 2
o
o o 1 1 2
3 3 4 1
4
Th s ta c:

o
0,545 m
Bi 15 (C GTVT-2004): Catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot electron l A = 4,16eV.
1) Chiu vo catt bc x c bc sng = 0,2 m th hin tng dng quang in c xy ra khng?
Nu c, hy tnh hiu in th hm dng quang in trit tiu.
2) Nng lng m dng phtn truyn cho catt trong mt giy l 0,2J. Gi s c 100 phtn ti catt
to ra 1 quang electron chuyn t catt sang ant.
Tnh s phtn ti catt trong mt giy v cng dng quang in.
Cho h = 6,625x10
-34
Js; c = 3x10
8
m/s; |e| = 1,6x10
-19
C.
HD Gii:
1) T
o
hc
A
Suy ra
7
o
hc 19, 875
x10 m 0, 3 m
A 6, 656

Do <
0
nn hin tng quang in c xy ra,
2) Dng quang in trit tiu khi U
AK
= U
h
.
Khi
2
k omax
1
e U mV
2
v
2
omax h
1
A mV A eU
2
+ + suy ra
h
1
U ( A).
e

Vi
19
hc
9, 9375x10 J
th U
h
= 2,05 V.
Ta c P = N.
7
P
N 2x10
phtn
S electron chuyn ng t catt sang ant trong 1s:
15
N
n 2x10
100

Cng dng quang in :
4
I n e 3, 2x10 A.

Bi 16 (C GTVT-2005): Khi chiu vo catt ny bc x ca mt t bo quang in bc x = 0,1854 m
th hiu in th U
AK
= -2V va trit tiu dng quang in.
1) Xc nh gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt.
2) Nu chiu vo catt ny bc x

'
2
m vn duy tr hiu in th hm trn, th ng nng cc i
ca cc electron khi bay sang n ant l bao nhiu?
Cho h = 6,625 x 10
-34
(J.s); c = 3 x 10
8
m/s; |e| = 1,6 x 10
-19
C.
HD Gii:
1.p dng cng thc Anhxtanh ta c:

'
C C
d
omax
o
d AK
omax
h h
W
W eU

AK
o
e. U
1 1
hc
Th s:

19
7
6 34 8
o
1 1 1,6 10 2
0,3784 10
0,1854 10 6,625 10 3 10

6
o
7
1
0,2643 10 m
0,3784 10
2.Khi chiu bc x
'
2
V

AK
U 2V
Gi W
1
= W
omax
v W
2
l ng nng lc chm ant

2 1 AK
W W e.U
(cng cn ca in trng)
+
2 1 AK
W W e U

+

2
o o
2hc hc hc hc hc
W
Vy ng nng ca electron khi chm ant l:
34 8
18
2
6
6,625 10 3 10
W 1,072 10
0,1854 10
J
Bi 17 (C XD-2004): Khi chiu b x c tn s f = 2,200 x 10
15
Hz vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th
c hin tng quang in v cc electron quang in bn ra u gi li bi hiu in th hm U
h
=6,6V.
1) Xc nh gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt.
2) Nu chiu nh sng trng vo catt ca t bo quang in trn th hin tng quang in c xy ra
khng? Ti sao? Nu c, hy tnh ng nng ban u ln nht ca cc electron quang in.Cho bit nh sng
trng gm cc bc x c bc sng t
0,4 m
n
0,76 m
; c = 3x10
8
m/s, e = 1,6x10
-19
C; h = 6,625x10
-34
Js.
HD Gii:
1) Theo cng thc Anhxtanh: hf = A + E
omax
=> A = hf - E
omax
.
Trong hf = 6,625x10
-34
x 2,2 x 10
15
= 14,575 x 10
-19
J,
E
omax
= eU
h
= 1,6x10
-19
x 6,6 = 10,56x10
-19
J => A = 4,015x10
-19
J
Gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt:

6
o
hc
0,495x10 (m) 0,495 m
A
2) Vi cc bc x trong nh sng trng c bc sng:

o
0,4 m 0,495 m

th chng s gy ra tc dng quang in, v :

omax
min
hc
E A

34 8
19 19
6
6,625x10 x3x10
A 4,015x10 0,954x10 (J )
0,4x10
Bi 18 (C KT-KH N-2004):
1.Cng that electron ca kim lai dng lm catt ca mt t bo quang in l 2,4843 eV. Hi khi chiu
ln lt hai bc x c tn s f
1
= 5 x 10
14
Hz v f
2
= 9.5 x 10
14
Hz th c xy ra hin tng quang in hay
khng? Nu c, hy tnh vn tc cc i ca cc quang electron khi bt khi catt.
2.Anh sng chiu vo kim lai trn c tn s thay i trong khang t 6,5 x 10
14
Hz n 9,5 x 10
14
Hz. Hy
lp biu thc hiu in th hm U
h
theo f v . Cho h = 6,625 x 10
-34
J.s ; e = 1,6 x 10
-19
C ; m
e
= 9,1 x 10
-
31kg.
HD Gii:
1) Ta c A = 4,4843eV = 3,97488x10
-19

3,975x10
-19
J
-Mt khc

0
0
hc hc
A
A
Th s:

34 8
6
0
19
6,625x10 x3x10
0,5x10 m
3,975x10
=>

0
0,5 m
-Bc sng nh sng i vi f
1
l:

8
6
1
14
1
c 3,10
0,6.10 m 0,6 m
f
5.10

-Bc sng nh sng i vi f
2
l:

7
2
14
2
c 3.10
3,15789x10 m 0,315789 m
f
9,5.10
-Ta thy
> >
2 0 1
Hin tng quang in ch xy ra i vi bc x
2
.
-Theo cng thc Anhxtanh: hf
2
= A +
2
0max
1
mv
2

( )
0max 2
2
V hf A
m

-Thay s:
( )

34 14 19
0max
31
2
V 6.625x10 x9.5x10 3.975x10
9.1x10

5
7.1387.10 m/ s
-Vy
5
0max
V 7.1387x10 (m/ s)
2)

'
2
h 0max
h
2
0max
1
e.U mV
1
2
U (hf A)
1 e
hf A mV
2
Thay s
5
h
U (4,1406x10 f 2,4838)(V)
-Mt khc ta c
c
f

6
h
1
U (1,2421x10 x 2,4843)(V)
V
Bi 19 (C KT-KH N-2005): T bo quang in c catt lm bng kim loi c gii hn quang in
0
=0,578 m.
1) Tnh cng thot ca electron ra khi kim loi trn.
2) Chiu vo catt nh sng c bc sng =
0
. Tnh vn tc ca electron quang in khi n ant. Bit hiu
in th gia ant v catt l 45V.
Cho m
2
= 9,1 x 10
-31
kg; h = 6,625 x 10
-34
Js; c = 3 x 10
8
m/s; |e| = 1,6 x 10
-19
C
HD Gii:
1) T cng thc
0
hc
A
Th s:
34 8
19
6
6,625 10 3 10
A 3,4 10 J
0,578 10

2) T phng trnh Anhxtanh:
+
0(max)
d
0
hc
A E

+

0(max)
0
hc hc
E
V

0(max)
0
E 0
p dng nh l ng nng:

0 0(max)
AK
E E eU

2
e AK
AK
e
1
mV eU
2
2eU
V
m
Th s :
19
6
31
2 1,6 10 45
V 4 10 (m/ s)
9,1 10
Bi 20 (C SP HCM-2004): Catt ca mt t bo quang in lm bng kim loi c cng thot A
o
= 4,5eV.
Chiu vo catt mt bc x c bc sng = 0,185m, t vo gia ant v catt mt hiu in th U
AK
=
2V. Tm ng nng ca electron khi p vo ant. Cho h = 6,625 x 10
-34
Js; c = 3 x 10
8
m/s; |e| =1,6 x 10
-19
C.
HD Gii:
-Ta co :
o
o
d
hc
A E +

o
o
o
d
26
19
6 d
hc
E A
19,875x10
E 4, 5x1, 6x10
0,185x10

-Vay
o
19
d
E 3, 54x10 J
-nh l ong nang :
o
AK dA
d
e U E E
o
19 19
dA AK
d
E e U E 3, 2x10 3, 54x10

+ +
.Vay E
dA
= 6,74 x
10
-19
J
in Thoi: 0915718188 090684823
D. TRC NGHIM TNG HP PHN LNG T NH SNG
I.HIN TNG QUANG IN -THUYT LNG T NH SNG
L thuyt :
Cu 1 . Chiu mt chm bc x n sc vo tm km c gii hn quang in 0,35
m
.Hin tng quang in s
khng xy ra khi chm bc x chiu vo tm km c bc sng l :
A. 0,1
m
B. 0,2
m
C. 0,3
m
D. 0,4
m
Cu 2 . Electron quang in b bt ra khi b mt kim loi khi b chiu nh sng nu :
A.Cng ca chm sng rt ln. B. Bc sng ca nh sng ln.
C.Tn s nh sng nh. D. Bc sng nh hn hay bng mt gii hn xc nh.
Cu 3 . Chn cu ng :
A. Hin tng giao thoa d quan st i vi nh sng c bc sng ngn .
B. Hin tng quang in chng t tnh cht sng ca nh sng .
C. Nhng sng in t c tn s cng ln th tnh cht sng th hin cng r .
D. Sng in t c bc sng ln th nng lng ph-tn nh
Cu 4 . Trong cc nh sng n sc sau y. nh sng no c kh nng gy ra hin tng quang in mnh nht :
A. nh sng tm B. nh sng lam. C. nh sng . D. nh sng lc .
Cu 5 . Khi chiu sng in t xung b mt tm kim loi , hin tng quang in xy ra nu :
A. sng in t c nhit cao B. sng in t c bc sng thch hp
C. sng in t c cng ln D. sng in t phi l nh sng nhn thy c
Cu 6. Cng thc lin h gia gii hn quang in
0
, cng thot A, hng s Planck h v vn tc nh sng c l :
A.
0
=
c
hA
B.
0
=
hc
A
C.
0
=
hA
c
D.
0
=
A
hc

Cu 7 . Pht biu no di y v lng tnh sng ht l sai ?
A. Hin tng giao thoa nh sng th hin tnh cht sng.
B. Hin tng quang in nh sng th hin tnh cht ht.
C. Sng in t c bc sng cng ngn cng th hin r tnh cht sng.
D. Cc sng in t c bc sng cng di th tnh cht sng cng th hin r hn tnh cht ht.
Cu 8 . Gii hn quang in ca mi kim loi l :
A. Bc sng di nht ca bc x chiu vo kim loi gy ra c hin tng quang in
B. Bc sng ngn nht ca bc x chiu vo kim loi gy ra c hin tng quang in
C. Cng nh nht dng bt electron ra khi kim loi
D. Cng ln nht dng bt electron ra khi kim loi
Cu 9 . Pht biu no sau y l khng ng theo thuyt lng t nh sng ?
A. Chm nh sng l mt chm ht, mi ht c gi l mt photon mang nng lng.
B. Cng chm nh sng t l thun vi s photon trong chm.
C. Khi nh sng truyn i cc photon khng i, khng ph thuc vo khong cch n ngun sng.
D. Cc photon c nng lng bng nhau v chng lan truyn vi tc bng nhau.
Cu 10 . Hin tng no sau y l hin tng quang in ?
A. Electron bc ra khi kim loi b nung nng
B. Electron bt ra khi kim loi khi ion p vo
C. Electron b bt ra khi kim loi khi kim loi c hiu in th ln
D. Electron bt ra khi mt kim loi khi chiu tia t ngoi vo kim loi
Cu 11. Hy chn cu ng nht. Chiu chm bc x c bc sng vo kim loi c gii hn quang in
0
. Hin
tng quang in xy ra khi :
A. >
0
. B. <
0
. C. =
0
. D. C cu B v C.
Cu 12 . Chn cu ng. Nu chiu mt chm tia hng ngoi vo tm km tch in m, th :
A. Tm km mt dn in tch dng. B. Tm km mt dn in tch m.
C. Tm km tr nn trung ho v in. D. in tch m ca tm km khng i.
Cu 13. gy c hiu ng quang in, bc x ri vo kim loi c tho mn iu kin no sau y ?
T: 0915718188 0906848238
A. Tn s ln hn gii hn quang in. B. Tn s nh hn gii hn quang in.
C. Bc sng nh hn gii hn quang in. D. Bc sng ln hn gii hn quang in.
Cu 14 . Gii hn quang in tu thuc vo
A. bn cht ca kim loi.
B. in p gia ant c catt ca t bo quang in.
C. bc sng ca nh sng chiu vo catt.
D. in trng gia ant c catt.
Cu 15 . Chn cu ng. Theo thuyt phtn ca Anh-xtanh, th nng lng :
A. ca mi phtn u bng nhau. B. ca mt phtn bng mt lng t nng lng.
C. gim dn khi phtn ra xa dn ngun sng. D. ca phton khng ph thuc vo bc sng.
Cu 16 . Vi
1
,
2
,
3
ln lt l nng lng ca phtn ng vi cc bc x mu vng , bc x t ngoi
v bc x hng ngoi th
A.
3
>
1
>
2
B.
2
>
1
>
3
C.
1
>
2
>
3
D.
2
>
3
>
1

Cu 17 . Gi bc sng o l gii hn quang in ca mt kim loi, l bc sng nh sng kch thch chiu vo kim
loi , hin tng quang in xy ra th
A. ch cn iu kin > o.
B. phi c c hai iu kin: = o v cng nh sng kch thch phi ln.
C. phi c c hai iu kin: > o v cng nh sng kch thch phi ln.
D. ch cn iu kin o.
Cu 18 . Kim loi Kali (K) c gii hn quang in l 0,55 m. Hin tng quang in khng xy ra khi chiu vo kim
loi bc x nm trong vng
A. nh sng mu tm. B. nh sng mu lam. C. hng ngoi. D. t ngoi.
Cu 19 . Nu quan nim nh sng ch c tnh cht sng th khng th gii thch c hin tng no
di y ?
A. Khc x nh sng. B. Giao thoa nh sng.
C. Quang in. D. Phn x nh sng.
Cu 20 . Ln lt chiu hai bc x c bc sng
1
= 0,75 m v
2
= 0,25 m vo mt tm km c gii hn quang
in
0
= 0,35 m. Bc x no gy ra hin tng quang in ?
A. Khng c bc x no trong hai bc x trn B. Ch c bc x
2

C. Ch c bc x
1
D. C hai bc x
Cu 21 . Trong th nghim Hcx, nu chiu nh sng tm vo l nhm tch in m th
A. in tch m ca l nhm mt i B. tm nhm s trung ha v in
C. in tch ca tm nhm khng thay i D. tm nhm tch in dng
Cu 22 . Chiu bc x c tn s f n mt tm kim loi .Ta k hiu
o
o
c
f
,
o
l bc sng gii hn ca kim loi
.Hin tng quang in xy ra khi
A. f f
o
B. f < f
o
C. f 0 D. f f
o

Cu 23 . Chiu nh sng vng vo mt mt tm vt liu th thy c lectrn b bt ra .Tm vt liu chc chn phi
l :
A. kim loi B. kim loi kim C. cht cch in D. cht hu c
Cu 24 . Chiu mt chm nh sng n sc vo mt tm km .Hin tng quang in s khng xy ra nu nh sng c
bc sng :
A. 0,1 m B. 0,2 m C. 0,3 m D. 0,4 m
Cu 25 . Khi chiu vo kim loi mt chm nh sng m khng thy cc e
-
thot ra v
A. chm nh sng c cng qu nh. B. cng thot e nh hn nng lng phtn.
C. bc sng nh sng ln hn gii hn quang in. D. kim loi hp th qu t nh sng .
Bi tp :
Cu 26 (. Mt bc x in t c bc sng = 0,2.10
-6
m. Tnh lng t ca bc x .
A. = 99,375.10
-20
J B. = 99,375.10
-19
J
C. = 9,9375.10
-20
J D. = 9,9375.10
-19
J
Cu 27 . Nng lng ca phtn l 2,8.10
-19
J. Cho hng s Planck h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s ; vn tc ca nh sng trong chn
khng l c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc sng ca nh sng ny l :
A. 0,45
m B. 0,58
m C. 0,66
m D. 0,71
m
Cu 28 . Mt ng pht ra tia Rghen , pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5.10
-10
m .Tnh nng
lng ca photn tng ng :
A. 3975.10
-19
J B. 3,975.10
-19
J C. 9375.10
-19
J D. 9,375.10
-19
J
Cu 29 . Nng lng photn ca mt bc x l 3,3.10
-19
J .Cho h = 6,6.10
-34
Js .Tn s ca bc x bng
A. 5.10
16
Hz B. 6.10
16
Hz C. 5.10
14
Hz D. 6.10
14
Hz
Cu 30 . Cho hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
Js v tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s.

Bc

x mu
vng ca natri c bc sng = 0,59 m. Nng lng ca phtn tng ng c gi tr
A. 2,0eV B. 2,1eV C. 2,2eV D. 2.3eV
Cu 31 . Mt kim loi c cng thot l 2,5eV. Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi :
A. 0,496
m B. 0,64
m C. 0,32
m D. 0,22
m
Cu 32 . Bit gii hn quang in ca kim loi l 0,36m ; cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s ; c = 3.10
8
m/s. Tnh cng thot
electron :
A. 0,552.10
-19
J B. 5,52.10
-19
J C. 55,2.10
-19
J D. p n khc
Cu 33 . Gii hn quang in ca natri l 0,5
m
. Cng thot ca km ln hn ca natri 1,4 ln. Gii hn quang in
ca km :
A. 0,7
m
B. 0,36
m
C. 0,9
m
D. 0,36 .10
-6
m

Cu 34 . Cng thot electrn ra khi mt kim loi l A = 1,88 eV. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l :
A. 0,66.10
-19
m B. 0,33
m C. 0,22
m D. 0,66
m
Cu 35 . Bit cng cn thit bt electrn ra khi t bo quang in l A = 4,14eV. Hi gii hn quang in ca t
bo ?
A.
0
= 0,3 m B.
0
= 0,4 m C.
0
= 0,5 m D.
0
= 0,6 m
Cu 36 . Kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot A= 3,45eV. Khi chiu vo 4 bc x in t c
1
=
0,25 m,
2
= 0,4 m,
3
= 0,56 m,
4
= 0,2 m th bc x no xy ra hin tng quang in
A.
3,

2
B.
1,

4
C.
1,
2,
4
D. c 4 bc x trn
Cu 37 . Gii hn quang in ca Cs l 6600A
0
. Cho hng s Planck h = 6,625.10
-34
Js , vn tc ca nh sng trong chn
khng c = 3.10
8
m/s. Cng thot ca Cs l bao nhiu ?
A. 1,88 eV B. 1,52 eV C. 2,14 eV D. 3,74 eV
Cu 38 . Mt kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot l A = 3,5eV. Chiu vo catt bc x c bc
sng no sau y th gy ra hin tng quang in. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s
A. = 3,35
m
B. = 0,355.10
- 7
m C. = 35,5
m
D. = 0,355
m
Cu 39. Trong hin tng quang in, bit cng thot ca cc electrn quang in ca kim loi l A = 2eV. Cho h =
6,625.10
-34
Js , c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc sng gii hn ca kim loi c gi tr no sau y ?
A. 0,621 m B. 0,525 m C. 0,675 m D. 0,585 m
Cu 40 . Cng thot ca natri l 3,97.10
-19
J , gii hn quang in ca natri l :
A.
m 5 . 0
B.
m 996 , 1
C.
24
10 56 , 5 m D. 3,87.10
-19
m
Cu 41. Kim loi dng lm catt c gii hn quang in l
0
0, 3 m . Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J; c =
3.10
8
m/s. Cng thot electron khi catt ca t bo quang in tho mn gi tr no sau y ?
A. 66,15.10
-18
J B. 66,25.10
-20
J C. 44,20.10
-18
J D. 44,20.10
-20
J
Cu 42. Cng thoat electrn cua m t kim loa i la 2,36eV. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s ;
1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J . Gii hn quang in ca kim loi trn l :
A. 0,53 m B. 8,42 .10
26
m C. 2,93 m D. 1,24 m
Cu 43. Cng thot electrn ra khi mt kim loi l A = 1,88eV. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l :
A. 0,33 m. B. 0,22 m. C. 0,45 m. D . 0,66 m.
Cu 44 . Cng thot electrn ca kim loi lm catt ca mt t bo quang in l 4,5eV. Chiu vo catt ln lt cc
bc x c bc sng
1
= 0,16
m ,
2
= 0,20
m ,
3
= 0,25
m ,
4
= 0,30
m ,
5
= 0,36
m ,
6
=
0,40
m.Cc bc x gy ra c hin tng quang in l :

A.
1
,
2
B.
1
,
2
,
3
C.
2
,
3
,
4
D.
3
,
4
,
5
Cu 45 . Bc sng di nht bt c electrn ra khi 2 kim loi a v b ln lt l 3nm v 4,5nm. Cng thot tng
ng l A
1
v A
2
s l :
A. A
2
= 2 A
1
. B. A
1
= 1,5 A
2
C. A
2
= 1,5 A
1
. D. A
1
= 2A
2
Cu 46 . Cng thot ca electrn ra khi kim loi l 2eV th gii hn quang in ca kim loi ny l :
A. 6,21 m B. 62,1 m C. 0,621 m D. 621 m
Cu 47 . Mt kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0,3 m .Bit h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s .Cng thot ca lectron ra
khi kim loi l
A. 6,625.10
-19
J B. 6,625.10
-25
J C. 6,625.10
-49
J D. 5,9625.10
-32
J
Cu 48 . Bit gii hn quang in ca mt kim loi l 0, 36 m . Tnh cng thot electrn. Cho
h =
34
6, 625.10
Js ; c =
8
3.10
m/s :
A.
19
5, 52.10
J B.
19
55, 2.10
J C.
19
0, 552.10
J D.
19
552.10
J
Cu 49 . Catod ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A = 3,5eV. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js ;
m =
31
9,1.10
kg ; e =
19
1, 6.10

A. 355 m B. 35, 5 m C. 3, 55 m D. 0, 355 m
Cu 50 . Cng thot ca kim loi lm catod l A = 2,25eV. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js ; c =
8
3.10
m/s ; m =
31
9,1.10
kg ; e =
19
1, 6.10

A.
6
0, 558.10
m B.
6
5, 58.10
m C.
6
0, 552.10
m D.
6
0, 552.10
m
Cu 51 . Cng thot ca electrn khi ng l 4,47eV. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js ; c =
8
3.10
m/s ;
m
e
=
31
9,1.10
kg ; e =
19
1, 6.10
C .Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng .

A. 0, 278 m B. 2, 78 m C. 0, 287 m D. 2, 87 m
Cu 52 . Cho bit cng thot ca electron ra khi b mt ca natri l 3,975.10
-19
J. Tnh gii hn quang in ca natri:
A. 5.10
-6
m B. 0,4
m C. 500nm D. 40.10
-6
m
Cu 53 . Gii hn quang in ca km l 0,35
m
. Cng thot ca electron khi km l :
A. 33,5eV. B. 0,35eV. C. 0,36eV. D. 3,55eV.
Cu 54 . Vnfram c gii hn quang in l
0
= 0,275.10
-6
m. Cng thot lectron ra khi Vnfram l :
A. 6.10
-19
J B. 5,5.10
-20
J C. 7,2.10
-19
J D. 8,2.10
-20
J
Cu 55 . Cho bit gii hn quang in ca xesi l 6600
0
A
. Tnh cng thot ca electron ra khi b mt ca xesi :
A. 3.10
-19
J B. 26.10
-20
J C. 2,5.10
-19
J D. 13.10
-20
J
Cu 56 . Trong mt ng Cu-lt-gi ngi ta to ra mt hiu in th khng i gia hai cc. Trong mt
pht ngi ta m c 6.10
18
in t p vo ant. Tnh cng dng in qua ng Cu-lt-gi
A. 16mA B. 1,6A C. 1,6mA D. 16A
Cu 57 . Mt ng pht ra tia Rghen .Khi ng hot ng th dng in qua ng l I = 2mA. Tnh s
in t p vo i m cc trong mi giy :
A. 125.10
13
B. 125.10
14
C. 215.10
14
D. 215.10
13
Cu 58 . Mt ng pht ra tia Rghen .Cng dng in qua ng l 16 A .in tch electrn | e | = 1,6.10
-19
C .
S electrn p vo i m cc trong mi giy :
A. 10
13
B. 10
15
C. 10
14
D. 10
16

Cu 59 . Mt n pht ra nh sng n sc c bc sng 0,6 m .Cng sut bc x ca n l 10W .Cho
h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s .S photn m n pht ra trong 1s bng :
A. 0,3.10
19
B. 0,4.10
19
C. 3.10
19
D. 4.10
19

Cu 60 . Trong th nghim vi t bo quang in, cng dng quang in bo ho o c l 16 A . S electrn
n ant trong 1 gi l:
A. 3,6.10
17

B. 10
14
C. 10
13
D. 3,6
23

Cu 61. Mt ng Rn-ghen pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5A
0
. Cho in tch electrn l 1,6.10
-19
C, hng s
Planck l 6,625.10
-34
Js, vn tc ca nh sng trong chn khng l 3.10
8
m/s. Hiu in th cc i U
max
gia ant v
catt l bao nhiu ?
A. 2500 V B. 2485 V C. 1600 V D. 3750 V
Cu 62 . Hiu in th cc i gia hai cc ca ng Rn-ghen l 15kV. Gi s electrn bt ra t cathode c vn tc ban
u bng khng th bc sng ngn nht ca tia X m ng c th pht ra l bao nhiu ?
A. 75,5.10
-12
m B. 82,8.10
-12
m C. 75,5.10
-10
m D. 82,8.10
-10
m
Cu 63 . Mt ng Rn-ghen pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 6,21.10
-11
m. Bit ln in tch lectrn
-19
C, 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s .B qua
ng nng ban u ca lectrn. in p cc i gia ant v catt ca ng l
A. 2,00 kV. B. 20,00 kV. C. 2,15 kV. D. 21,15 kV.
Cu 64 . in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rn-ghen l 18,75 kV. Bit ln in tch lectrn
-19
C ; 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s. B qua
ng nng ban u ca lectrn. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen do ng pht ra l
A. 0,4625.10
-9
m. B. 0,5625.10
-10
m. C. 0,6625.10
-9
m. D. 0,6625.10
-10
m.
Cu 65 . in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rn-ghen l U
max
= 25 kV. Coi vn tc ban u ca chm
lectrn (lectron) pht ra t catt bng khng. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s , in tch nguyn t bng 1,6.10
-
19
A. 6,038.10
18
Hz. B. 60,380.10
15
Hz. C. 6,038.10
15
Hz. D. 60,380.10
18
Hz.
Cu 66 . ng Rn-ghen hot ng vi hiu in th cc i 50(kV). Bc sng nh nht ca tia X m ng c th to ra
l:(ly gn ng). Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
(m/s).
A. 0,25(A
0
). B. 0,75(A
0
). C. 2(A
0
). D. 0,5(A
0
).
Cu 67 . Mt ng Rn-ghen pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 2,65.10
-11
m .B qua ng nng ban u ca cc
lectron khi thot ra khi b mt catt .Bit h = 6,625.10
-34
Js , c = 3.10
8
m/s , e = 1,6.10
-19
C .in p cc i gia hai cc
ca ng l :
A. 46875V B. 4687,5V C. 15625V D. 1562,5V
Cu 68 . in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rn-ghen l U
max
= 18200V .B qua ng nng ca lectron
khi bt khi catt .Tnh bc sng ngn nht ca tia X do ng pht ra .Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s ; |e| = 1,6.10
-
19
C :
A. 68pm B. 6,8pm C. 34pm D. 3,4pm
Cu 69 . Hiu in th hiu dng gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l 10kV .B qua ng nng ca cc
lectron khi bt khi catt .Tc cc i ca cc lectron khi p vo ant l :
A. 70000km/s B. 50000km/s C. 60000km/s D. 80000km/s
Cu 70 . Trong mt ng Rn-ghen , bit hiu in th cc i gia ant v catt l U
max
= 2.10
6
V. Hy tnh
bc sng nh nht
min
ca tia Rghen do ng pht ra :
A. 0,62mm B. 0,62.10
-6
m C. 0,62.10
-9
m D. 0,62.10
-12
m
Cu 71 . Chm tia Rghen pht ra t ng Rn-ghen , ngi ta thy c nhng tia c tn s ln nht v
bng Hz 10 . 5 f
19
max
.Tnh hiu in th cc i gia hai cc ca ng :
A. 20,7kV B. 207kV C. 2,07kV D. 0,207Kv
II.HIN TNG QUANG IN TRONG
Cu 72 . Chn cu tr li sai khi ni v hin tng quang in v quang dn :
A. u c bc sng gii hn
0
B. u bt c cc lectron ra khi khi cht

C. Bc sng gii hn ca hin tng quang in bn trong c th thuc vng hng ngoi
D. Nng lng cn gii phng lectron trong khi bn dn nh hn cng thot ca letron khi kim loi
Cu 73 . Chn cu sai :
A. Pin quang in l dng c bin i trc tip nng lng nh sng thnh in nng.
B. Pin quang in hot ng da vo hin tng quang dn.
C. Pin quang n v quang tr u hot ng da vo hin tng quang in ngoi
D. Quang tr l mt in tr c tr s ph thuc cng chm sng thch hp chiu vo n.
Cu 74 . Chn cu tr li ng. Quang dn l hin tng :
A. Dn in ca cht bn dn lc c chiu sng.
B. Kim loi pht x electron lc c chiu sng.
C. in tr ca mt cht gim rt nhiu khi h nhit xung rt thp.
D. Bt quang electron ra khi b mt cht bn dn.
Cu 75 . Chn cu tr li ng :Hin tng bc electron ra khi kim loi , khi chiu nh sng kch thch c bc sng
thch hp ln kim loi c gi l :
A. Hin tng bc x B. Hin tng phng x
C. Hin tng quang dn D. Hin tng quang in
Cu 76 . Chn cu sai khi so snh hin tng quang in ngoi v hin tng quang in trong :
A. Bc sng ca photon hin tng quang in ngoi thng nh hn hin tng quang in trong.
B. u lm bc lectron ra khi cht b chiu sng.
C. M ra kh nng bin nng lng nh sng thnh in nng.
D. Phi c bc sng nh hn gii hn quang in hoc gii hn quang dn.
Cu 77 . Hin tng kim loi b nhim in dng khi c chiu sng thch hp l :
A. Hin tng quang in. B. Hin tng quang dn.
C. Hin tng tn sc nh sng. C. Hin tng giao thoa nh sng.
Cu 78 . Chn cu ng. Hin tng quang dn l hin tng :
A. Mt cht cch in thnh dn in khi c chiu sng.
B. Gim in tr ca kim loi khi c chiu sng.
C. Gim in tr ca mt cht bn dn, khi c chiu sng.
D. Truyn dn nh sng theo cc si quang un cong mt cch bt k.
Cu 79 . Chn cu ng. Pin quang in l ngun in trong :
A. quang nng c trc tip bin i thnh in nng.
B. nng lng Mt Tri c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
C. mt t bo quang in c dng lm my pht in.
D. mt quang in tr, khi c chiu sng, th tr thnh my pht in.
Cu 80 . Pht biu no sau y l ng ?
A. Quang tr l mt linh kin bn dn hot ng da trn hin tng quang in ngoi.
B. Quang tr l mt linh kin bn dn hot ng da trn hin tng quang in trong.
C. in tr ca quang tr tng nhanh khi quang tr c chiu sng.
D. in tr ca quang tr khng i khi quang tr c chiu sng bng nh sng c bc sng ngn.
Cu 81. in tr ca mt quang in tr c c im no di y ?
A. C gi tr rt ln B. C gi tr rt nh
C. C gi tr khng i D. C gi tr thay i c
Cu 82. Trng hp no sau y l hin tng quang in trong ?
A. Chiu tia t ngoi vo cht bn dn lm tng dn in ca cht bn dn ny.
B. Chiu tia X (tia Rnghen) vo kim loi lm lectron bt ra khi b mt kim loi .
C. Chiu tia t ngoi vo cht kh th cht kh pht ra nh sng mu lc.
D. Chiu tia X (tia Rnghen) vo tm kim loi lm cho tm kim loi ny nng ln.
Cu 83 . Hin tng quang in trong l hin tng
A. gii phng lectron lin kt trong cht bn dn khi chiu sng thch hp vo cht bn dn
B. bt lectron ra khi b mt kim loi khi b chiu sng
C. gii phng lectron khi kim loi bng cch t nng
D. gii phng lectron khi mt cht bng cch bn ph in vo cht
Cu 84. Pin quang in hot ng da vo
A. hin tng quang in ngoi B. hin tng quang in trong
C. hin tng tn sc nh sng D. s pht quang ca cc cht
Cu 85 . Chn cu ng khi ni v hin tng quang dn (cn gi l hin tng quang in trong) :
A. Electron trong kim loi bt ra khi kim loi khi c chiu sng thch hp.
B. Electron trong bn dn bt ra khi bn dn khi c chiu sng thch hp.
C. Electron b mt kim loi bt ra khi kim loi khi c chiu sng thch hp.
D. Electron trong bn dn bt ra khi lin kt phn t khi c chiu sng thch hp.
III.HIN TNG QUANG - PHT QUANG
Cu 86 . Chn cu ng. nh sng hunh quang l :
A. tn ti mt thi gian sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
B. hu nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
C. c bc sng nh hn bc sng nh sng kch thch.
D. do cc tinh th pht ra, sau khi c kch thch bng nh sng thch hp.
Cu 87. Chn cu ng. nh sng ln quang l :
A. c pht ra bi cht rn, cht lng ln cht kh.
B. hu nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
C. c th tn ti rt lu sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
D. c bc sng nh hn bc sng nh sng kch thch.
Cu 88 . Chn cu sai :
A. Hunh quang l s pht quang c thi gian pht quang ngn (di 10
-8
s).
B. Ln quang l s pht quang c thi gian pht quang di (t 10
-6
s tr ln).
C. Bc sng nh sng pht quang lun nh hn bc sng ca nh sng hp th : <
D. Bc sng nh sng pht quang lun ln hn bc sng ca nh sng hp th : >
Cu 89. S pht sng ca vt no di y l s pht quang ?
A. Tia la in B. H quang C. Bng n ng D. Bng n pin
Cu 90 . S pht sng ca ngun sng no di y gi l s pht quang ?
A. Ngn nn B. n pin
B. Con om m D. Ngi sao bng
Cu 91. Mt cht pht quang c kh nng pht ra nh sng mu lc khi c kch thch pht sng .Hi khi chiu nh
sng n sc no di y th cht s pht quang ?
A. sm B. ti C. Vng D. Tm
Cu 92 . Trong trng hp no di y c s quang pht quang ?
A. Ta nhn thy mu xanh ca mt bin qung co lc ban ngy
B. Ta nhn thy nh sng lc pht ra t u cc cc tiu trn ng ni khi c nh sng n -t chiu vo
C. Ta nhn thy nh sng ca mt ngn n ng
D. Ta nhn thy nh sng ca mt tm knh
Cu 93 . nh sng pht quang ca mt cht c bc sng 0,5 m .Hi nu chiu vo cht nh sng c bc sng
no di y th n s khng pht quang ?
A. 0,3 m B. 0,4 m C. 0,5 m D. 0,6 m
Cu 94 . Nu nh sng kch thch l nh sng mu lam th nh sng hunh quang khng th l nh sng no di y ?
A. nh sng B. nh sng lc C. nh sng lam D. nh sng chm
Cu 95 . Mt cht c kh nng pht quang nh sng mu v nh sng mu lc. Nu dng tia t ngoi kch thch
s pht quang ca cht th nh sng pht quang c th c mu no ?
A. Mu B. Mu vng C. Mu lc D. Mu lam
Cu 96 . S pht sng ca ngun sng no di y l s pht quang ?
A. Bng n xe my B. Hn than hng
C. n LED D. Ngi sao bng
Cu 97 . Trong hin tng quang pht quang , s hp th hon ton mt ph-tn s a n :
A. S gii phng mt electron t do B. S gii phng mt electron lin kt
C. S gii phng mt cp electron v l trng D. S pht ra mt ph-tn khc
IV.MU NGUYN T BO
L thuyt :
Cu 98 . Mt nguyn t hir ang trng thi c bn, hp th mt phtn c nng lng
o
v chuyn ln trng thi
dng ng vi qu o N ca lectron. T trng thi ny, nguyn t chuyn v cc trng thi dng c mc nng lng
thp hn th c th pht ra phtn c nng lng ln nht l
A. 3
o
. B. 2
o
. C. 4
o
. D.
o
.
Cu 99 . Pht biu no sau y l sai, khi ni v mu nguyn t Bo ?
A. Trong trng thi dng, nguyn t khng bc x.
B. Trong trng thi dng , nguyn t c bc x.
C. Khi nguyn t chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
sang trng thi dng c nng lng
E
m
(E
m
<E
n
) th nguyn t pht ra mt phtn c nng lng ng bng (E
n
-E
m
).
D. Nguyn t ch tn ti mt s trng thi c nng lng xc nh , gi l cc trng thi dng.
Cu 100. Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v mu nguyn t Bo ?
A. Nguyn t bc x khi chuyn t trng thi c bn ln trng thi kch thch.
B. Trong cc trng thi dng , ng nng ca lectron trong nguyn t bng khng.
C. Khi trng thi c bn , nguyn t c nng lng cao nht.
D. Trng thi kch thch c nng lng cng cao th bn knh qu o ca lectron cng ln.
Cu 101 . i vi nguyn t hir , biu thc no di y ch ra bn knh r ca qu o dng ( th n ) ca n : ( n l
lng t s , r
o
l bn knh ca Bo )
A. r = nr
o
B. r = n
2
r
o
C. r
2
= n
2
r
o
D.
2
o
nr r
Cu 102 . Chn cu sai v hai tin ca Bo :
A. Nguyn t pht ra mt photon khi chuyn t trng thi dng c mc nng lng thp E
m
sang trng thi dng c
mc nng lng cao hn E
n
B. Trng thi dng c mc nng lng cng thp th cng bn vng
C. Trng thi dng l trng thi c nng lng xc nh m nguyn t tn ti m khng bc x
D. Nng lng ca photon hp th hay pht ra bng ng vi hiu hai mc nng lng m nguyn t dch chuyn:
= E
n
E
m
( Vi E
n
> E
m
)
Cu103 . Trng thi dng l
A. trng thi electron khng chuyn ng quanh ht nhn B. trng thi ht nhn khng dao ng
C. trng thi ng yn ca nguyn t D. trng thi n nh ca h thng nguyn t
Cu 104 . Cu no di y ni ln ni dung chnh xc ca khi nim qu o dng ?
A. Qu o c bn knh t l vi bnh phng ca cc nguyn t lin tip
B. Bn knh qu o c th tnh ton c mt cch chnh xc
C. Qu o m electron bt buc phi chuyn ng trn
D. Qu o ng vi nng lng ca cc trng thi dng
Bi tp :
Cu 105 . Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman ca quang ph hir l 0,122 m .
Tnh tn s ca bc x trn
A. 0,2459.10
14
Hz B. 2,459.10
14
Hz C. 24,59.10
14
Hz D. 245,9.10
14
Hz
Cu 106 . Trong nguyn t hyr, xt cc mc nng lng t K n P c bao nhiu kh nng kch thch lctrn
tng bn knh qu o ln 4 ln ?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 107 . Trong nguyn t hir, lectrn t qu o L chuyn v qu o K c nng lng E
K
= 13,6eV. Bc sng
bc x pht ra bng l =0,1218 m. Mc nng lng ng vi qu o L bng :
A. 3,2eV B. 3,4eV . 4,1eV D. 5,6eV
Cu 108 . Nng lng ion ha nguyn t Hyr l 13,6eV. Bc sng ngn nht m nguyn t c th bc ra l :
A. 0,122m B. 0,0913m C. 0,0656m D. 0,5672m
Cu 109 . Chm nguyn t H ang trng thi c bn, b kch thch pht sng th chng c th pht ra ti a 3 vch
quang ph. Khi b kch thch electron trong nguyn t H chuyn sang qu o :
A. M B. L C. O D. N
Cu 110 . Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J ; h = 6,625.10
-34
Js ; c = 3.10
8
m/s . Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir chuyn
t qu o dng c nng lng E
m
= - 0,85eV sang qu o dng c nng lng E = - 13,60eV th nguyn t pht bc x
in t c bc sng
A. 0,0974 m. B. 0,4340 m. C. 0,4860 m. D. 0,6563 m.
Cu 111 . Trong nguyn t hir, bn knh Bo l r
o
= 5,3.10
-11
A. 47,7.10
-11
m. B. 84,8.10
-11
m. C. 21,2.10
-11
m. D. 132,5.10
-11
m.
Cu 112. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
-19
C. Khi nguyn t hir
chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng -1,514 eV sang trang thi dng c nng lng -3,407 eV th nguyn t pht ra
bc x c tn s
A. 2,571.10
13
Hz. B. 4,572.10
14
Hz. C. 3,879.10
14
Hz. D. 6,542.10
12
Hz.
Cu 113 . Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J; h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s. Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir
chuyn t qu o dng c nng lng -0,85 eV sang qu o dng c nng lng -13,60 eV th nguyn t pht bc x
in t c bc sng
A. 0,4340 m B. 0,4860 m C. 0,0974 m D. 0,6563 m
Cu 114 . Hy xc nh trng thi kch thch cao nht ca cc nguyn t hir trong trng hp ngi ta
ch thu c 6 vch quang ph pht x ca nguyn t hir :
A. Trng thi L B. Trng thi M C. Trng thi N * D. Trng thi O
Cu 115 . Mt nguyn t chuyn t trng thi dng c mc nng lng 5 , 1 E
m
eV sang trng tri dng c nng
lng
4 , 3
n
E
eV. Bit vn tc nh sng trong chn khng l
8
10 . 3 m/s v hng s Plng bng
34
10 . 625 , 6

J.s.
Tn s ca bc x m nguyn t pht ra l :
A.
12
10 . 54 , 6 Hz B.
14
10 . 58 , 4 Hz C.
13
10 . 18 , 2 Hz D.
13
10 . 34 . 5 Hz
Cu 116 . Cho bit bc sng ca cc vch ph trong dy Balmer c to bi:
2 2
1 1 1
R
2 n
_

,
vi R l hng s
Riberg. Bc x ca vch quang ph trong dy Balmer c nng lng ln nht ng vi:
A. n = 1 B. n = 2 C. n = 3 D. n =
Cu 117 . Chn cu tr li ng. Nguyn t hir trng thi c nng lng E
n
( n > 1) s c kh nng pht ra:
A. Ti a n vch ph B. Ti a n 1 vch ph.
C. Ti a n(n 1) vch ph. D. Ti a
n(n 1)
2
vch ph.
Cu 118 . Chn mnh ng khi ni v quang ph vch ca nguyn t H
A.Bc x c bc sng di nht dy Banme ng vi s di chuyn ca e t qu o M v qu o L.
B.Bc x c bc sng di nht dy Lyman ng vi s di chuyn ca e t qu o P v qu o K
C.Bc x c bc sng ngn nht dy Lyman ng vi s di chuyn ca e t qu o L v qu o K
D.Bc x c bc sng ngn nht dy Pasen ng vi s di chuyn ca e t qu o N v qu o M
Cu 119 . Nguyn t H b kch thch do chiu x v e ca nguyn t chuyn t qu o K ln qu o M. Sau khi
ngng chiu x nguyn t H pht x th cp, ph ny gm:
A.Hai vch ca dy Ly man C. 1 vch dy Laiman v 1 vch dy Bamme
B. Hai vch ca dy Ban me D . 1 vch dy Banme v 2 vch dy Lyman
Cu 120 . Nguyn t hiro c kch thch, khi chuyn cc lectron t qu o dng th 4 v qu o dng th 2 th
bc x cc phtn c nng lng E
p
= 4,04.10
-19
(J). Xc nh bc sng ca vch quang ph ny. Cho c = 3.10
8
(m/s) ;
h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s).
A. 0,531 m , B. 0,505 m , C. 0,492 m, D. 0,453 m .
Cu 121. bt mt lectron ra khi nguyn t xi cn thc hin mt cng A = 14 (eV). Tm tn s ca bc x c th
to nn s xi ho ny. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
(J.s).
A. 3,38.10
15
Hz , B. 3,14.10
15
Hz , C. 2,84.10
15
Hz , D. 2,83.10
-15
Hz .
V. S LC V LAZE
Cu 122 . Tia laze khng c c im no di y ?
A. n sc cao B. nh hng cao C. Cng ln D. Cng sut ln
Cu 123 : Trong laze rubi c s bin i ca dng nng lng no di y thnh quang nng ?
A. in nng B. C nng C. Nhit nng D. Quang nng
Cu 124 . Chm sng do laze rubi pht ra c mu
A. trng B. xanh C. D. vng
Cu 125 . Bt laze m ta thng dng ch bng thuc loi laze no ?
A. Kh B. lng C. rn D. bn dn
Cu 126 . Mu ca rubi do ion no pht ra ?
A. ion nhm B. ion -xi C. ion crm D. ion khc
E. TRC NGHIM I HC CAO NG CC NM TRC
Cu 1(C 2007): Gii hn quang in ca mt kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in l
0
= 0,50 m. Bit vn tc
nh sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s. Chiu vo catt ca t bo quang
in ny bc x c bc sng = 0,35 m, th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in l
A. 1,70.10
-19
J. B. 70,00.10
-19
J. C. 0,70.10
-19
J. D. 17,00.10
-19
J.
Cu 2(C 2007): Trong quang ph vch ca hir (quang ph ca hir), bc sng ca vch th nht trong dy
Laiman ng vi s chuyn ca lectrn (lectron) t qu o L v qu o K l 0,1217 m , vch th nht ca dy
Banme ng vi s chuyn M L l 0,6563 m . Bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai trong dy Laiman ng vi
s chuyn M K bng
A. 0,1027 m . B. 0,5346 m . C. 0,7780 m . D. 0,3890 m .
Cu 3(C 2007): Cng thot lectrn (lectron) ra khi mt kim loi l A = 1,88 eV. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s v 1 eV = 1,6.10
-19
J . Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l A.
0,33 m. B. 0,22 m. C. 0,66. 10
-19
m. D. 0,66 m.
Cu 4(C 2007): ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn (lectron) quang in
A. khng ph thuc bc sng nh sng kch thch. B. ph thuc cng nh sng kch thch.
C. khng ph thuc bn cht kim loi lm catt.
D. ph thuc bn cht kim loi lm catt v bc sng nh sng kch thch
Cu 5(C 2007): Mt ng Rnghen pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 6,21.10
11
m. Bit ln in tch
lectrn (lectron), vn tc nh sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C; 3.10
8
m/s; 6,625.10
-34
J.s.
B qua ng nng ban u ca lectrn. Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca ng l
A. 2,00 kV. B. 2,15 kV. C. 20,00 kV. D. 21,15 kV.
Cu 6(C 2007): mt nhit nht nh, nu mt m hi c kh nng pht ra hai nh sng n sc c bc sng
tng ng
1
v
2
(vi <
2
) th n cng c kh nng hp th
A. mi nh sng n sc c bc sng nh hn
1
.
B. mi nh sng n sc c bc sng trong khong t
1
n
2
.
C. hai nh sng n sc . D. mi nh sng n sc c bc sng ln hn
2
.
Cu 7(H 2007): Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10
-19
J; h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s. Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t
hir chuyn t qu o dng c nng lng Em = - 0,85eV sang qu o dng c nng lng En = - 13,60eV th
nguyn t pht bc x in t c bc sng
A. 0,4340 m. B. 0,4860 m. C. 0,0974 m. D. 0,6563 m.
Cu 8(H 2007): Mt chm nh sng n sc tc dng ln b mt mt kim loi v lm bt cc lectrn (lectron) ra
khi kim loi ny. Nu tng cng chm sng ln ba ln th
A. s lng lectrn thot ra khi b mt kim loi trong mi giy tng ba ln.
B. ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in tng ba ln.
C. ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in tng chn ln.
D. cng thot ca lectrn gim ba ln.
Cu 9(H 2007): Pht biu no l sai?
A. in tr ca quang tr gim mnh khi c nh sng thch hp chiu vo.
B. Nguyn tc hot ng ca tt c cc t bo quang in u da trn hin tng quang dn.
C. Trong pin quang in, quang nng bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
D. C mt s t bo quang in hot ng khi c kch thch bng nh sng nhn thy.
Cu 10(H 2007): Ni dung ch yu ca thuyt lng t trc tip ni v
A. s hnh thnh cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t. B. s tn ti cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t hir.
C. cu to ca cc nguyn t, phn t. D. s pht x v hp th nh sng ca nguyn t, phn t.
Cu 11(H 2007): Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rnghen l 18,75 kV. Bit ln in tch lectrn
(lectron), vn tc nh sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10
-19
C, 3.10
8
m/s v 6,625.10
-34
J.s. B
qua ng nng ban u ca lectrn. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen do ng pht ra l
A. 0,4625.10
-9
m. B. 0,6625.10
-10
m. C. 0,5625.10
-10
m. D. 0,6625.10
-9
m.
Cu 12(H 2007): Ln lt chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang in cc bc x in t gm bc x c bc sng
1
= 0,26 m v bc x c bc sng
2
= 1,2
1
th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in bt ra t catt
ln lt l v
1
v v
2
vi 1 2 v
2
= 3v
1
/4. Gii hn quang in
0
ca kim loi lm catt ny l
A. 1,45 m. B. 0,90 m. C. 0,42 m. D. 1,00 m.
T: 0915718188 0906848238
Cu 13(C 2008): Trong th nghim vi t bo quang in, khi chiu chm sng kch thch vo catt th c hin tng
quang in xy ra. trit tiu dng quang in, ngi ta t vo gia ant v catt mt hiu in th gi l hiu in
th hm. Hiu in th hm ny c ln
A. lm tng tc lectrn (lectron) quang in i v ant. B. ph thuc vo bc sng ca chm sng kch thch.
C. khng ph thuc vo kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in. D. t l vi cng ca chm sng kch thch.
Cu 14(C 2008): Gi
ln lt l hai bc sng ng vi cc vch H

v vch lam H
ca dy Banme
(Balmer),
1
l bc sng di nht ca dy Pasen (Paschen) trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir. Biu thc lin
h gia
,
1
l
A.
1
=
. B. 1/
1
= 1/
1/
C.
1
=
. D. 1/
1
= 1/
+ 1/

Cu 15(C 2008): Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
-19
C. Khi nguyn t
hir chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng -1,514 eV sang trng thi dng c nng lng -3,407 eV th nguyn t
pht ra bc x c tn s
A. 2,571.10
13
Hz. B. 4,572.10
14
Hz. C. 3,879.10
14
Hz. D. 6,542.10
12
Hz.
Cu 16(C 2008): Khi truyn trong chn khng, nh sng c bc sng
1
= 720 nm, nh sng tm c bc sng
2
= 400 nm. Cho hai nh sng ny truyn trong mt mi trng trong sut th chit sut tuyt i ca mi trng
i vi hai nh sng ny ln lt l n
1
= 1,33 v n
2
= 1,34. Khi truyn trong mi trng trong sut trn, t s nng lng
ca phtn c bc sng
1
so vi nng lng ca phtn c bc sng
2
bng
A. 5/9. B. 9/5. C. 133/134. D. 134/133.
Cu 17(C 2008): Chiu ln b mt catt ca mt t bo quang in chm sng n sc c bc sng 0,485 m th
thy c hin tng quang in xy ra. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c =
3.10
8
m/s, khi lng ngh ca lectrn (lectron) l 9,1.10
-31
kg v vn tc ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in l
4.10
5
m/s. Cng thot lectrn ca kim loi lm catt bng
A. 6,4.10
-20
J. B. 6,4.10
-21
J. C. 3,37.10
-18
J. D. 3,37.10
-19
J.
Cu 18(H 2008): Theo thuyt lng t nh sng th nng lng ca
A. mt phtn bng nng lng ngh ca mt lectrn (lectron).
B. mt phtn ph thuc vo khong cch t phtn ti ngun pht ra n.
C. cc phtn trong chm sng n sc bng nhau
D. mt phtn t l thun vi bc sng nh sng tng ng vi phtn .
Cu 19(H 2008): Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x c tn s l f
1
, f
2
(vi f
1
< f
2
) vo mt qu cu kim loi t c lp th
u xy ra hin tng quang in vi in th cc i ca qu cu ln lt l V
1
, V
2
. Nu chiu ng thi hai bc x
trn vo qu cu ny th in th cc i ca n l
A. (V
1
+ V
2
). B. |V
1
V
2
|. C. V
2
. D. V
1
.
Cu 20(H 2008): Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hir , nu bit bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph trong dy
Laiman l
1
v bc sng ca vch k vi n trong dy ny l
2
th bc sng

ca vch quang ph H
trong
dy Banme l
A. (
1
+
2
). B.
1 2
1 2

. C. (
1

2
). D.
1 2
1 2

+
Cu 21(H 2008): Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rnghen l U = 25 kV. Coi vn tc ban u ca
chm lectrn (lectron) pht ra t catt bng khng. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, in tch nguyn t bng
1,6.10
-19
A. 60,380.10
18
Hz. B. 6,038.10
15
Hz. C. 60,380.10
15
Hz. D. 6,038.10
18
Hz.
Cu22(H 2008): Trong nguyn t hir , bn knh Bo l r
0
= 5,3.10
-11
A. 47,7.10
-11
m. B. 21,2.10
-11
m. C. 84,8.10
-11
m. D. 132,5.10
-11
m.
Cu 23(H 2008): Khi c hin tng quang in xy ra trong t bo quang in, pht biu no sau u l sai?
A. Gi nguyn chm sng kch thch, thay i kim loi lm catt th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn
(lectron) quang in thay i
B. Gi nguyn cng chm sng kch thch v kim loi dng lm catt, gim tn s ca nh sng kch thch th
ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in gim.
C. Gi nguyn tn s ca nh sng kch thch v kim loi lm catt, tng cng chm sng kch thch th ng
nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in tng.
D. Gi nguyn cng chm sng kch thch v kim loi dng lm catt, gim bc sng ca nh sng kch thch
th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in tng.
Cu 24(C 2009): Cng sut bc x ca Mt Tri l 3,9.10
26
W. Nng lng Mt Tri ta ra trong mt ngy l
A. 3,3696.10
30
J. B. 3,3696.10
29
J. C. 3,3696.10
32
J. D. 3,3696.10
31
J.
Cu 25(C 2009): Trong chn khng, bc x n sc vng c bc sng l 0,589 m. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c=3.10
8
m/s v e = 1,6.10
-19
C. Nng lng ca phtn ng vi bc x ny c gi tr l
A. 2,11 eV. C. 4,22 eV. C. 0,42 eV. D. 0,21 eV.
Cu 26(C-2009): Dng thuyt lng t nh sng khng gii thch c
A. hin tng quang pht quang. B. hin tng giao thoa nh sng.
C. nguyn tc hot ng ca pin quang in. D. hin tng quang in ngoi.
Cu 27(C- 2009): Gi nng lng ca phtn nh sng , nh sng lc v nh sng tm ln lt l
,
L
v
T
th
A.
T
>
L
> e
. B.
T
>
> e
L
. C.
>
L
> e
T
. D.
L
>
T
> e
.
Cu 28(C-2009): i vi nguyn t hir, cc mc nng lng ng vi cc qu o dng K, M c gi tr ln lt l:
-13,6 eV; -1,51 eV. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s v e = 1,6.10
-19
C. Khi lectron chuyn t qu o dng M v
qu o dng K, th nguyn t hir c th pht ra bc x c bc sng
A. 102,7 m. B. 102,7 mm. C. 102,7 nm. D. 102,7 pm.
Cu 29(C-2009): Khi chiu vo mt cht lng nh sng chm th nh sng hunh quang pht ra khng th l
A. nh sng tm. B. nh sng vng. C. nh sng . D. nh sng lc.
Cu 30(C-2009): Mt ngun pht ra nh sng c bc sng 662,5 nm vi cng sut pht sng l 1,5.10
-4
W. Ly h =
6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s. S phtn c ngun pht ra trong 1 s l
A. 5.10
14
. B. 6.10
14
. C. 4.10
14
. D. 3.10
14
.
Cu 31(C- 2009): Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph trong dy Lai-
man v trong dy Ban-me ln lt l
1
v
2
. Bc sng di th hai thuc dy Lai-man c gi tr l
A.
1 2
1 2
2( )

+
. B.
1 2
1 2

+
. C.
1 2
1 2

. D.
1 2
2 1

.
Cu 32(C- 2009): Trong mt th nghim, hin tng quang in xy ra khi chiu chm sng n sc ti b mt tm
kim loi. Nu gi nguyn bc sng nh sng kch thch m tng cng ca chm sng th
A. s lectron bt ra khi tm kim loi trong mt giy tng ln.
B. ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in tng ln.
C. gii hn quang in ca kim loi b gim xung.
D. vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in tng ln.
Cu 33(C 2009): Khi ni v thuyt lng t nh sng, pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Nng lng phtn cng nh khi cng chm nh sng cng nh.
B. Phtn c th chuyn ng hay ng yn ty thuc vo ngun sng chuyn ng hay ng yn.
C. Nng lng ca phtn cng ln khi tn s ca nh sng ng vi phtn cng nh.
D. nh sng c to bi cc ht gi l phtn.
Cu 34(H 2009): Nguyn t hit trng thi c bn c mc nng lng bng -13,6 eV. chuyn ln trng thi
dng c mc nng lng -3,4 eV th nguyn t hir phi hp th mt phtn c nng lng
A. 10,2 eV. B. -10,2 eV. C. 17 eV. D. 4 eV.
Cu 35(H2009): Mt m nguyn t hir ang trng thi kch thch m lectron chuyn ng trn qu o dng
N. Khi lectron chuyn v cc qu o dng bn trong th quang ph vch pht x ca m nguyn t c bao nhiu
vch?
A. 3. B. 1. C. 6. D. 4.
Cu 36(H 2009): Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l 7,64.10
-19
J. Chiu ln lt vo b mt tm kim loi ny
cc bc x c bc sng l
1
= 0,18 m,
2
= 0,21 m v
3
= 0,35 m. Ly h=6,625.10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc
x no gy c hin tng quang in i vi kim loi ?
A. Hai bc x (
1
v
2
). B. Khng c bc x no trong ba
bc x trn.
C. C ba bc x (
1
,
2
v
3
). D. Ch c bc x
1
.
Cu 37(H 2009): Pin quang in l ngun in, trong
A. ha nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng. B. quang nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
C. c nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng. D. nhit nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
Cu 38(H2009): i vi nguyn t hir, khi lectron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K th nguyn t pht ra
phtn c bc sng 0,1026 m. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C v c = 3.10
8
m/s. Nng lng ca phtn ny
bng
A. 1,21 eV B. 11,2 eV. C. 12,1 eV. D. 121 eV.
Cu 39( H 2009): Chiu ng thi hai bc x c bc sng 0,452 m v 0,243 m vo catt ca mt t bo
quang in. Kim loi lm catt c gii hn quang in l 0,5 m. Ly h = 6,625. 10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
m/s v m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg. Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in bng
A. 2,29.10
4
m/s. B. 9,24.10
3
m/s C. 9,61.10
5
m/s D. 1,34.10
6
m/s
Cu 40. ( H C 2010)Khi lectron qu o dng th n th nng lng ca nguyn t hir c tnh theo cng
thc -
2
6 , 13
n
(eV) (n = 1, 2, 3,). Khi lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng n = 3 sang qu o dng n = 2
th nguyn t hir pht ra phtn ng vi bc x c bc sng bng
A. 0,4350 m. B. 0,4861 m. C. 0,6576 m. D. 0,4102 m.
Cu 41. (H C 2010) Mt cht c kh nng pht ra nh sng pht quang vi tn s f = 6.10
14
Hz. Khi dng nh sng
c bc sng no di y kch thch th cht ny khng th pht quang?
A. 0,55 m. B. 0,45 m. C. 0,38 m. D. 0,40 m.
Cu 42. ( HC 2010)Theo tin ca Bo, khi lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o L sang qu o K
th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng
21
, khi lectron chuyn t qu o M sang qu o L th nguyn t pht ra
phtn c bc sng
32
v khi lectron chuyn t qu o M sang qu o K th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng
31
. Biu thc xc nh
31
l
A.
31
=
31 21
21 32

. B.
31
=
32
-
21
. C.
31
=
32
+
21
. D.
31
=
31 21
21 32

+
.
Cu 43. (H C 2010)Theo mu nguyn t Bo, bn knh qu o K ca lectron trong nguyn t hir l r
0
. Khi
lectron chuyn t qu o N v qu o L th bn knh qu o gim bt
A. 12r
0
. B. 4r
0
. C. 9r
0
. D. 16r
0
.
Cu 44. (H C 2010)Mt kim loi c cng thot lectron l 7,2.10
-19
J. Chiu ln lt vo kim loi ny cc bc x c
bc sng
1
= 0,18 m,
2
= 0,21 m,
3
= 0,32 m v = 0,35 m. Nhng bc x c th gy ra hin tng quang in
kim loi ny c bc sng l
A.
1
,
2
v
3
. B.
1
v
2
. C.
2
,
3
v
4
. D.
3
v
4
.
Cu 45. ( H C-2010)Khi chiu chm tia t ngoi vo mt ng nghim ng dung dch fluorexin th thy dung
dch ny pht ra nh sng mu lc. l hin tng
A. phn x nh sng. B. quang - pht quang. C. ha - pht quang. D. tn sc nh sng.
Cu 46. (H C- 2010)Theo thuyt lng t nh sng, pht biu no di y l sai?
A. nh sng c to thnh bi cc ht gi l phtn.
B. Nng lng ca cc phtn nh sng l nh nhau, khng ph thuc tn s ca nh sng.
C. Trong chn khng, cc phtn bay dc theo tia sng vi tc c = 3.10
8
m/s.
D. Phn t, nguyn t pht x hay hp th nh sng, cng c ngha l chng pht x hay hp th phtn.
Cu 47. (H C-2010) Mt ngun sng ch pht ra nh sng n sc c tn s 5.10
14
Hz. Cng sut bc x in t
ca ngun l 10 W. S phtn m ngun pht ra trong mt giy xp x bng
A. 3,02.10
19
. B. 0,33.10
19
. C. 3,02.10
20
. D. 3,24.10
19
.
Cu 48. ( H C-2010) Nguyn t hir chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
= -1,5 eV sang trng thi
dng c nng lng E
m
= -3,4 eV. Bc sng ca bc x m nguyn t hir pht ra xp x bng
A. 0,654.10
-7
m. B. 0,654.10
-6
m. C. 0,654.10
-5
m. D. 0,654.10
-4
m.
Cu 49:( H 2011) Mt cht pht quang c kch thch bng nh sng c bc sng 0,26
m
th pht ra nh sng
c bc sng 0,52
m
. Gi s cng sut ca chm sng pht quang bng 20% cng sut ca chm sng kch thch. T
s gia s phtn nh sng pht quang v s phtn nh sng kch thch trong cng mt khong thi gian l
A.
10
1
. B.
5
4
. C.
5
2
. D.
5
1
.
HD : Cng sut ca ngun pht ra ph tn P = N
hc
t P
N
t
hc . .
.

5
2
26 , 0
52 , 0
2 . 0
.
.

kt kt
pq pq
kt
pq
P
P
N
N
Cu 50: ( H 2011) Trong nguyn t hir, bn knh Bo l r

0
= 5,3.10
-11
m. mt trng thi kch thch ca nguyn t
hir, lectron chuyn ng trn qu o dng c bn knh l r = 2,12.10
-10
m. Qu o c tn gi l qu o dng
A. L. B. N. C. O. D. M.
HD : Bn knh qu o dng ca e : r = n
2
r
0
2 4
2
0
n n
r
r
Qu o L
Cu 51: ( H 2011) Khi lectron qu o dng th n th nng lng ca nguyn t hir c xc nh bi cng
thc ) eV (
n
6 , 13
E
2 n

(vi n = 1, 2, 3,). Khi lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng n = 3 v qu
o dng n = 1 th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng
1
. Khi lectron chuyn t qu o dng n = 5 v qu o
dng n = 2 th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng
2
. Mi lin h gia hai bc sng
1
v
2
l
A.
1 2
5 . B.
1 2
128 27 . C.
1 2
4 . D.
1 2
800 189 .
HD:
1
1 3
6 , 13
9
8
1
6 , 13
9
6 , 13
hc
E E +

(1)

2
2 5
6 , 13
100
21
4
6 , 13
25
6 , 13
hc
E E +

(2) (1) / (2) 189
1 2
800
Cu 52 :( H 2011) Khi chiu mt bc x in t c bc sng
1
= 0,30 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in
th xy ra hin tng quang in v hiu in th hm lc l 2 V. Nu t vo gia ant v catt ca t bo quang
in trn mt hiu in th U
AK
= -2V v chiu vo catt mt bc x in t khc c bc sng
2
= 0,15 m th ng
nng cc i ca lectron quang in ngay trc khi ti ant bng
A. 1,325.10
-18
J. B. 6,625.10
-19
J. C. 9,825.10
-19
J. D. 3,425.10
-19
J.
HD: A =
J Uh e
hc 19
1
10 . 425 , 3 .

;- Khi c chiu bi bc x
2
: W
max
=
J A
hc
19
2
10 . 825 , 9

- Khi t vo A v K hiu in th m U
AK
= - 2V U
KA
= 2V : cc elctrn i sang A i theo chiu in trng chm
dn u . Ta c : W
A
- W
max
= e.U
KA

+
KA A
U e W W .
max
9,825.10
19
-1,6.10
19
.2 = 6,625.10
19
J
Cu 53: (C-2011) Cc nguyn t hidro ang trng thi dng ng vi electron chuyn ng trn qu o c
bn knh gp 9 ln so vi bn knh Bo. Khi chuyn v cc trng thi dng c nng lng thp hn th cc
nguyn t s pht ra cc bc x c tn s khc nhau. C th c nhiu nht bao nhiu tn s?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 1 D. 3
HD: r=n
2
r
0
=9r
0
suy ra n =3; Electrron ang qu o M.
Vy Electrron c th chuyn t M sang L; M sang K; L sang K. Nn c nhiu nht 3 tn s
Cu 54 ( C-2011) : Gia ant v catt ca mt ng pht tia X c hiu in th khng i l 25 kV. B qua
ng nng ca eelectron khi bt ra t catt. Bc sng ngn nht ca tia X m ng c th pht ra bng
A. 31,57 pm. B. 39,73 pm. C. 49,69 pm D. 35,15 pm.
HD:

AK
AK
U e
hc
U e
hc
.
.
min
min

49,69 pm
Cu 55( C-2011) : Mt kim loi c gii hn quang in l
0
. Chiu bc x c bc sng bng

0
3
vo kim
loi ny. Cho rng nng lng m eelectron quang in hp th t photon ca bc x trn, mt phn dng
gii phng n, phn cn li bin hon ton thnh ng nng ca n. Gi tr ng nng ny l
A.
0
3hc
B.
0
2
hc
C.
0
3
hc
D.
0
2hc
HD:
0 0 0
2

hc hc hc
W W
hc hc

+
Cu 56( C-2011) : Nguyn t hir chuyn t mt trng thi kch thch v trng thi dng c nng lng thp hn
pht ra bc x c bc sng 486 nm. gim nng lng ca nguyn t hir khi pht ra bc x ny l
A.
15
4, 09.10 . J
B.
19
4, 86.10 . J
C.
19
4, 09.10 . J
D.
20
3, 08.10 . J
HD:
hc
E
19
4, 09.10 . J
P N: H-C PHN LNG T NH SNG

1.A 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.D
11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.C 20.B
21.D 22.C 23.C 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.A 30.A
31.B 32.A 33.D 34.A 35.C 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.C 40.C
41.A 42.D 43.A 44.B 45.B 46.B 47.A 48.B 49.C 50.A
51D 52.B 53.D 54.C 55.D 56.C 57. 58. 59. 60.
F. S dng lnh SOLVE tm nhanh mt i lng cha bit trong biu thc:
-My Fx570ES Ch dng trong COMP: MODE 1 ) SHIFT MODE 1 Mn hnh: Math
Cc bc Chn ch Nt lnh ngha- Kt qu
Dng COMP Bm: MODE 1 COMP l tnh ton chung
Ch nh dng nhp / xut ton Math Bm: SHIFT MODE 1 Mn hnh xut hin Math
Nhp bin X (i lng cn tm) Bm: ALPHA ) Mn hnh xut hin X.
Nhp du = Bm: ALPHA CALC Mn hnh xut hin du =
Chc nng SOLVE: Bm: SHIFT CALC = hin th kt qu X= .....
-V d: Bc sng ca cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t hir c tnh theo cng thc:
2 2
1 1 1
H
R
m n
_

,

Vi
7 1
1, 097.10
H
R m
= hng s Rittberg. Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht (ng vi m =1 -> n= 2)

ca bc x trong dy Lyman l:Ta dng biu thc
2 2
1 1 1
H
R
m n
_

,
Vi i lng cha bit l: ( bin X)
Nhp my tnh:
2 2
1 1 1
1 2
H
X
R
_

,
Bm: SHIFT CALC = Hin th: X= 1,215.10
-7
m =0,1215 m
T v d ny chng ta c th suy lun cch dng cc cng thc khc!!!
T: 0915718188 0906848238

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CHUYN : LNG T NH SNG

V d 9: Tnh nng lng, ng lng v khi lng ca photn ng vi cc bc x in t sau y:

l nng lng ca mt photon)

Vi U = 0,59 (V) v = 0,05 (m). Suy ra:

-Nh vy trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th: U

c. ln in p trit tiu dng quang in :

Bi 8: Thc hin tnh ton tr li cc cu hi sau:

b. Nng lng ca photon:

Khi lng ca electron bng khi lng ngh ca electron

b. Theo cng thc Einstein:

M in th cc i ca vt tnh theo cng thc:

C .Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catod .

th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in bng:

v cng thot in t khi

m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in.KL dng lm ca tt c gii hn

m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in th dng quang in bo ha l

m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in.Cng thot ca electron ca kim

. Cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi dng lm catt s l :

. Khi chiu nh sng n sc bc sng =0,36m vo catt ca t bo

vi 2 n Cc vch thuc vng t ngoi

v mt phn vng t ngoi

vi 4 n Cc vch thuc vng hng ngoi

+Vch th 2 ng mc nng lng m= 1-> n = 3,

+Vch th 3 ng mc nng lng m= 1--> n = 4,

+ Vch th 4 ng mc nng lng m= 1-> n = 5,

+ Vch th 5 ng mc nng lng m= 1-> n = 6,

V d 2 v cc bc sng dy Banme ( c 4 vch nhn thy: , lam , chm , tm)

(dy Balmer ng vi m =2).

vi n = 1;2; Cho : h = 6,625.10

trong quang ph nhn thy ca nguyn t H

. Tm nng lng ion ha nguyn t hidro.

ca kim loi dng lm katot. Nu t gia anod v katot ca t

-Vy trit tiu dng quang in th

T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in: max

b.S electron thot ra khi catt trong 1s l:

GV: an Vn Lng Email: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 34

-Bc sng di nht

trong dy Banme ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o M v qu o L.

:bc sng di nht trong dy Lyman : 2 1

m.Cc bc x gy ra c hin tng quang in l :

C .Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catod .

C .Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catod .

C .Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng .

B. u bt c cc lectron ra khi khi cht

ln lt l hai bc sng ng vi cc vch H

Cu 50: ( H 2011) Trong nguyn t hir, bn knh Bo l r

. Chiu bc x c bc sng bng

P N: H-C PHN LNG T NH SNG

= hng s Rittberg. Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht (ng vi m =1 -> n= 2)

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