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n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

LI NI U
Ngy nay vi s pht trin ca khoa hc-k thut, in nng
l mt ngun nng lng khng th thiu. Nht l trong cng cuc
cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc, qu trnh pht trin sn
xut nng cao i sng nhn dn cn phi tin hnh in kh
ho, c kh ho v t ng ho. c bit trong giai on hin nay
i sng nhn dn cng ngy cng c nng cao nhanh chng.
Do nhu cu s dng in nng trong lnh vc cng nghip,
nng nghip, dch v c bit l in sinh hot ngy cng cao
v khng th thiu.
Vi nhu cu s dng in ngy cng cao i hi nghnh cng
nghip nng lng in phi p ng kp thi theo s pht trin
. Cng vi vic tng cng sut, chiu di ng dy cao p th
mng in h p cng pht trin rng khp cc tnh ng bng,
nng thn. n nay mt s tnh, 100% s x c in nh H Ni,
Hi Phng(tr hi o), thnh ph H Ch Minh, Thi Bnh, Nam
nh, H Nam, Tin GiangCc tnh min nam do ngun nng lng
pht trin chm hn nht l cc tnh vng cao, vng su, vng xa.
H thng in ngy cng phc tp v vic thit k cung cp
c nhim v ra nhng phng n cung cp in hp l v ti u.
Mt phng n cung cp in ti u s gim c chi ph u t xy
dng h thng in v chi ph vn hnh tn tht in nng
ng thi l h thng vn hnh n gin, thun tin trong qu
trnh sa cha. Chnh v vy m vic thit k cung cp in
cho mt cm dn c sao cho va m bo c cht lng in va
gim c chi ph u t xung mc thp nht c th l mt vn
rt quan trng.
T nm 1993 B Nng Lng c Quyt nh s 149NL/KHKT ngy
24/03/1993 v vic chuyn i dn cc cp in p 6, 10, 15, 35kV v 22kV trong
ton quc gim bt hao tn v thng nht qun l trn phm vi ton quc. Bi
vy, cc trm bin p kiu c 6/0.4kV, 10/0.4kV, 15/0.4kV v 35/0.4kV tng bc
phi c thay th bng 22/0.4kV. Tt c nhng iu nu trn t ra mt yu cu bc
1

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
thit trong vic tnh ton thit k cung cp in. Nhm mc ch thit k cung cp
in, vn hnh v nng cp cc h thng cung cp in. Cc h thng ny m bo
c cc ch tiu kinh t, k thut, gim bt hao tn in p, tn tht in nng, cung
cp in in li n nh v c cht lng in cao.

ti gm 6 chng nh sau:
Chng I: Kho st a bn thit k
Chng II: Tnh ton ph ti khu vc
Chng III: D bo ph ti
Chng IV: Tnh ton cng sut v v tr t trm
Chng V: Tnh ton thit k ng dy
Chng VI: Tnh ton thit k trm bin p

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

THIT K TRM BIN P 110/35/22 KV CUNG CP


IN CHO KHU VC DN C TNH HI DNG
CHNG I: KHO ST A BN THIT K
1. iu kin t nhin, kinh t x hi
1.1.1 iu kin t nhin
V v tr a l tnh Hi Dng nm trong vng ng bng chu th sng Hng.
Kh hu, mang kh hu ca Bc B nhit i gi ma, nng m ma nhiu. Nhit
trung bnh hng nm l 230C, nhit thp nht trong nm l 110C, nhit cao
nht l 400C, m trung bnh hng nm l 84%, lng ma trung bnh hng nm l
1700-2200mm.
1.2 iu kin kinh t x hi
Trong nhng nm gn y c khu vc c nhiu chuyn bin v mt kinh t x
hi biu hin vic chuyn i c cu kinh t gim gn t trng nng nghip chuyn
bt lao ng sang cng nghip, xy dng v dch v.
2. Phng hng pht trin sn xut
Mc tiu ln nht ca huyn trong nhng nm ti l chuyn dch c cu kinh t
theo hng l gim t trng trong nng nghip, tng cng pht trin cc ngnh cng
nghip, xy dng v dch v. Pht trin cng nghip, dch v da trn yu t m rng
cc khu cng nghip, cm cng nghip. Chuyn lao ng trong nng nghip sang sn
xut cng nghip v dch v, thng mi sao cho t trng ca c ba lnh vc l tng
ng nhau trong tng thu nhp ca huyn. ra mc tiu duy tr mc tng
trng kinh t hng nm l 9.9%.
3. Hin trng li in hin ti ca khu vc
Hin trng li in ca khu vc gm cc trm trong bng s liu sau:
Bng 1: Hin trng li in ca khu vc

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Tn trm
Thch Khi
Minh Kim
Xun Bnh
Vin Cy
Gia Xuyn2
B.qun phn
HAVINA

Cng sut,
kVA
320
560
320
250
180
320
2000

STT
40
41
42
43
44
45
46

Tn trm
B Ty K
Ngc Lm
Nghi Kh
i Hp
B Qung Giang
Minh Cng
B Quang Khi

Cng
sut,
kVA
250
320
320
320
420
180
320

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

TT Gia Lc 2
ng Hng
Bm Tn Hng
Tn Hng
M X
Tin Tin
Tn An
Tn An B
TT Thanh H
Lin Mc
B Thanh Bnh
Thanh X
UBND Thanh H
Thanh Hi A
Trm An Lng
An Lo
Lai X
B Phng Hon
Thanh Sn
Phng Hong
B T Xuyn
B Lc Dc
Ti Sn
Bnh Lng
ng Phong
T Xuyn
B Toi An
Toi An
La Tnh1
Tn K
Bch Lm
B ng Trng

320
560
320
160
180
320
180
320
320
180
560
160
160
160
320
320
160
560
180
180
100
560
320
180
180
180
320
180
180
180
100
320

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78

Quang Khi
An Nhn1
An Nhn 2
La Tnh
B Vn T
Vn ng
B Hng Hng
on Thng
Hng Hng
B Thng
Tin Tin
Lm Sn
Gia Khnh1
Phng Hng
c i
Vn Lm
B Hong Diu
Dn Ch
B n
Gia Khnh2
Trm ng Tm
Ngc Lc
UBND X K Sn
Phm X
i ng
Ngha X
B Bnh Di
Xun Neo
B Gia Lng
Qun o
XD Ngc Sn
Ngc Sn

180
180
180
320
180
250
320
180
180
100
250
750
320
180
320
180
180
320
320
320
630
180
100
180
180
160
560
320
180
320
50
2000

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

CHNG II: TNH TON PH TI KHU VC


2.1 Phn vng ph ti
2.1.1 Mc ch
Mc ch ca vic phn vng ph ti cho ta bit nhng lun c xy dng s
cung cp in hp l, chn dung lng my bin p ph hp, v tr trung tm cung
cp in tha mn bn knh cp in ca my bin p trung gian.
2.1.2 C s phn vng ph ti
Cn c vo c im, kh nng cp in ca cc ngun khu vc bn cnh v
kh nng m rng ca ngun trong tng lai.
Da trn c s ca vic quy hoch kho st thc t khu vc dn c.
Cn c vo a hnh, giao thng thc t v c trng ca li in.
Cn c vo cc tiu chun k thut c ban hnh ca tng cng ty in Lc
Vit Nam v m bo bn knh cp in cho cc vng nng thn.
Cn c vo s phn b dn c trong vng v phng hng pht trin kinh t
x hi hin ti v tng lai.
Ta phn vng ph ti cho khu vc dn c thnh 6 vng ph ti:
Bng 2 Kt qu tnh ton cho 6 vng
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
STT

VngI
Thch khi
Minh Kim
Xun Bnh
Vin Cy
Gia Xuyn2
B.qun Phn
HAVINA
TT Gia Lc 2
ng Hng
Bm Tn Hng
Tn Hng
M X
Tng cng sut, Kva

Vng II
1 Tin Tin
2 Tn An
3
4
5
6
7
8

Tn An B
TT Thanh H
Lin Mc
B Thanh Bnh
Thanh X
UBND Thanh H

Si, kVA

Stt, KVA
320
560
320
250
180
320
2000
320
560
320
160
180
5490

Si, kVA

U, kV
320
815
1076
1284
1435
1705
3468
3752
4252
4540
4685
4848
4848

Stt, KVA
320
180
32
0
320
180
560
160
160

35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
U, kV

320
459

22
22

711
970
1118
1584
1720
1856

22
22
22
22
22
22

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


9
10
11
12
STT

Thanh Hi A
Trm An Lng
An Lo
Lai X
SttII, kVA
Si, kVA

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Vng III
B Phng Hon
Thanh Sn
Phng Hong
B T Xuyn
B Lc Dc
Ti Sn
Bnh Lng
ng Phong
T Xuyn
B Toi An
Toi An
La Tnh1
Tn K
SttIII, kVA

Si, kVA

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Vng IV
Bch Lm
B ng Trng
B Ty K
Ngc Lm
Nghi Kh
i Hp
B Qung Giang
Minh Cng
B Quang Khi
Quang Khi
An Nhn1
An Nhn 2
La Tnh
B Vn T
Ti Sn
SttIV, kVA
Vng V
B Hng Hng
on Thng
Hng Hng
B Thng
Tin Tin
Lm Sn
Gia Khnh1
Phng Hng
c i
Vn Lm
B Hong Diu
Dn Ch
B n

Si, kVA

STT

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
160
320
320
160
3160

1994
2269
2546
2686
2686
Stt, KVA

560
180
180
100
560
320
180
180
180
320
180
180
180
3300

U, kV
560
704
849
931
1392
1661
1814
1969
2123
2400
2556
2714
2871
2871

Stt, KVA
100
320
250
320
320
320
420
180
320
180
180
180
320
180
250
3840

22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
U, kV

100
397
592
849
1110
1376
1730
1884
2158
2314
2470
2627
2907
3065
3286
3286
Stt, KVA

320
180
180
100
250
750
320
180
320
180
180
320
320

22
22
22
22
22

22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
U, kV

320
459
601
681
883
1497
1768
1922
2197
2353
2509
2788
3069

35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


14 Gia Khnh2
SttV, kVA
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
320
3920

Vng VI
Trm ng Tm
Ngc Lc
UBND X K Sn
Phm X
i ng
Ngha X
B Bnh Di
Xun Neo
B Gia Lng
Qun o
XD Ngc Sn
Ngc Sn
SttVI, kVA

Si, kVA

3352
3352
Stt, KVA

630
180
100
180
180
160
560
320
180
320
50
2000
4860

35
35
U, kV

630
775
856
1003
1152
1285
1755
2028
2183
2460
2504
4248
4248

35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35

2.2 Tnh ton ph ti ca khu vc


Tnh ton ph ti dng phng php s gia, tng hp c ph ti ca cc
vng th hin bng 3.1
Phng php s gia:
S1 + k2.S2 nu S1 > S2
S =
S2 + k1.S1 nu S1 < S2
Vi h s ki c xc nh:
0.04

P
ki = i
5

0.41

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

CHNG III: D BO PH TI
Vic nghin cu ph ti in trong tng lai l mt nhim v rt quan trng
ca ngi lp quy hoch v thit k cung cp in. D bo ph ti in nu chng ta
d bo khng chnh xc, sai lch qu nhiu v kh nng cung cp hoc v nhu cu
nng lng th s dn n hu qu khng tt cho nn kinh t.
d bo cng sut tiu th cho cc ph ti ta da vo phng php ngoi
suy theo hm s m xy dng hm d bo.
Pt=P0(1+)t
Pt, P0 Ph ti ca nm th t v nm c s
: Sut gia tng ph ti
Ta c bng kt qu tnh ton ca tng vng trong nm 2010 v tnh n nm
2020
Bng 3: Kt qu tnh ton tng hp ca 6 vng
Vng
I
II
III
IV
V
VI

Stt, kVA
Stt2020kVA Stti2020
5490
9991
9991
3160
5536
15224
3300
5918
20955
3840
6772
27632
3920
6908
34551
4860
8756
43431

Ta d bo ph ti n nm 2020 ca cc khu vc:


Sut gia tng ph ti ca cc vng l nh nhau =7.5%
Vi t=2020-2010=10
Vi vng i ta c: Stti2020=Stti(1+)t
Tnh cng sut tiu th tng ca khu vc n nm 2020 ta dng phng php
s gia
Stt2020=43431 kVA

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

CHNG IV: TNH TON CNG SUT V V TR T TRM


4.1 Xc nh v tr trm bin p
V tr t trm bin p phi tha mn cc yu cu sau:
- Gn trung tm ph ti, thun tin cho ngun cung cp in a n.
- An ton, lin tc cung cp in.
- Thao tc, vn hnh, qun l d dng..
- Tit kim vn u t v chi ph vn hnh hng nm b nht.
Chn trc ta OXY nh trong hnh v. Ta dng thc o o cc honh
Xi v tung Yi ca cc ph ti. T ta xc nh c v tr t trm bin p
tiu th. V tr t trm bin p trung gian c xc nh theo cng thc:
n

Si * X i
X BA =

i =1

Si * Yi
YBA =

i =1

Trong :

X,Y l ta ca my bin p trung gian


Xi, Yi l ta ca cc vng ph ti
Ta tnh ta ca cc my bin p tiu th, kt qu tnh ton c cho cc
bng sau :
Bng 4.1 : Kt qu tnh ton ta cc trm thuc vng I
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

VngI
Thch Khi
Minh Kim
Xun Bnh
Vin Cy
Gia Xuyn2
B.qun phn
HAVINA
TT Gia Lc 2
ng Hng
Bm Tn Hng
Tn Hng
M X
SttI, kVA

Si, kVA Stt, KVA U, kV xi


yi
Si.xi
Si.yi
320
320
35
4
21
1280
6720
560
815
35
6
22
3360
12208
320
1076
35
5.7
20
1824
6336
250
1284
35
1.5
18
375
4375
180
1435
35
7.5
17
1350
3096
320
1705
35
4
19
1280
6080
2000
3468
35
5
16 10000
32000
320
3752
35
4.5
14
1440
4544
560
4252
35
9.5
21
5320
11760
320
4540
35
9
21
2880
6560
160
4685
35
11
19
1760
3040
180
4848
35
10
18
1800
3186
5490
4848
32669
99905
11315
9991
5.95
18.20

SIXI=32669
SIYI=99905

XI= 5.95
YI= 18.2
9

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

10

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

Bng 4.2 : Kt qu tnh ton ta cc trm thuc vng II


STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Vng II
Tin Tin
Tn An
Tn An B
TT Thanh H
Lin Mc
B Thanh Bnh
Thanh X
UBND Thanh H
Thanh Hi A

10 Trm An Lng
11 An Lo
12 Lai X
SttII, kVA

Si, kVA Stt, KVA U, kV xi


yi
Si.xi
Si.yi
320
320
22
18
23
5696
7296
180
459
22
24
23
4374
4140
320
711
22
21
22
6720
6880
320
970
22
24
22
7680
7040
180
1118
22
28
23
5004
4140
560
1584
22
29
21 15960
11760
160
1720
22
31
19
4960
3040
160
1856
22
24
20
3840
3120
160
1994
22
21
18
3280
2880
320
320
160
3160

2269
2546
2686
2686

22
22
22

24
27
30

16
17
16

5536

SIIXII=78474
SIIYII=63320

7520
8640
4800
78474

5120
5376
2528
63320

24.8

20.0

XII= 24.8
YII= 20.0

Bng 4.3 : Kt qu tnh ton ta cc trm thuc vng III


STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Vng III
B Phng Hon
Thanh Sn
Phng Hong
B T Xuyn
B Lc Dc
Ti Sn
Bnh Lng
ng Phong
T Xuyn
B Toi An
Toi An
La Tnh1
Tn K
SttIII, kVA

Si, Kva Stt, KVA U, kV xi


yi
Si.xi
Si.yi
560
560
22
24
13 13552
7000
180
704
22
28
13
4950
2340
180
849
22
25
10
4464
1836
100
931
22
28
9
2800
900
560
1392
22
20
13 11200
7280
320
1661
22
19
10
6144
3264
180
1814
22
21
10
3780
1800
180
1969
22
21
9.5
3744
1710
180
2123
22
29
9.2
5220
1656
320
2400
22
24
7.8
7744
2496
180
2556
22
23
7
4140
1260
180
2714
22
23
5.5
4050
990
180
2871
22
25
5
4536
900
3300
2871
76324
33432
5918
23.13
10.13

SIIIXIII=76324
SIIIYII=33432

XIII= 23.13
YIII= 10.13

Bng 4.4 : Kt qu tnh ton ta cc trm thuc vng IV


11

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Vng IV
Bch Lm
B ng Trng
B Ty K
Ngc Lm
Nghi Kh
i Hp
B Qung Giang
Minh Cng
B Quang Khi
Quang Khi
An Nhn1
An Nhn 2
La Tnh
B Vn T
Vn ng
SttIV, kVA

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

Si, kVA Stt, KVA U, kV xi


yi
Si.xi
Si.yi
100
100
22
17
7.2
1700
720
320
397
22
17
6
5440
1920
250
592
22
13
6
3200
1500
320
849
22
13
5.2
4160
1664
320
1110
22
13
6
4096
1920
320
1376
22
12
3.5
3680
1120
420
1730
22
12
2
4830
840
180
1884
22
21
0.5
3816
90
320
2158
22
13
1
4224
320
180
2314
22
18
2.2
3276
396
180
2470
22
19
5.2
3384
936
180
2627
22
21
4.8
3816
864
320
2907
22
24
3.8
7680
1216
180
3065
22
24
2.5
4356
450
250
3286
22
17
9
4125
2250
3840
3286
61783
16206
6772
16.09
4.22

SIVXIV=61783
SIVYIV=16206

XIV= 16.09
YIV= 4.22

Bng 4.5 : Kt qu tnh ton ta cc trm thuc vng V


STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Vng V
B Hng Hng
on Thng
Hng Hng
B Thng
Tin Tin
Lm Sn
Gia Khnh1
Phng Hng
c i
Vn Lm
B Hong Diu
Dn Ch
B n
Gia Khnh2
SttV, kVA

Si, kVA Stt, KVA U, kV xi


yi
Si.xi
Si.yi
320
320
35
5.5
3.8
1760
1216
180
459
35
1.5
5.5
270
990
180
601
35
6
7
1080
1260
100
681
35
2.2
9
220
900
250
883
35
6.2
9
1550
2250
750
1497
35
4.2
10
3150
7500
320
1768
35
5.8
11
1856
3456
180
1922
35
3
11
540
1980
320
2197
35
2.5
13
800
4160
180
2353
35
7.5
9.5
1350
1710
180
2509
35
8.2
8.5
1476
1530
320
2788
35
8
5.5
2560
1760
320
3069
35
8
3
2560
960
320
3352
35
7
13
2240
4160
3920
3352
21412
33832
6908
5.46
8.63

SVXV=21412
SVYV=33832

XV= 5.46
YV= 8.63
12

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

Bng 4.6: Kt qu tnh ton ta cc trm thuc vng VI


STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Vng VI
Trm ng Tm
Ngc Lc
UBND X K Sn
Phm X
i ng
Ngha X
B Bnh Di
Xun Neo
B Gia Lng
Qun o
XD Ngc Sn
Ngc Sn
SttVI, kVA

Si, kVA Stt, KVA U, kV xi


yi
Si.xi
Si.yi
630
630
35
12
18
7245
11214
180
775
35
12
18
2124
3276
100
856
35
17
17
1680
1700
180
1003
35
12
17
2196
3060
180
1152
35
15
17
2610
3024
160
1285
35
18
16
2880
2480
560
1755
35
16
16
8848
8680
320
2028
35
15
13
4864
4224
180
2183
35
11
14
1980
2556
320
2460
35
11
16
3584
4960
50
2504
35
13
21
660
1025
2000
4248
35
13
21 26400
42000
4860
4248
65071
88199
8756

13.39

SVIXVI=65071
SVIYVI=88199

18.15

XVI= 13.39
YVI= 18.15

T cc bng trn ta c bng tng hp s liu ca cc vng:


Bng 4.7 Kt qu tnh ton tng hp ca 6 vng
Vng

Si

Sixi

Siyi

XBai

YBAi

5490

32669

99905

5.95

18.20

II

3160

78474

63320

24.83

20.04

III

3300

76324

33432

23.13

10.13

IV

3840

61783

16206

16.09

4.22

3920

21412

33832

5.46

8.63

VI

4860

65071

88199

13.39

18.15

24570

335733

334894

13.66

13.63

Tng

T ta ca cc my bin p tiu th ta xc nh c v tr t trm bin p


trung gian:
XBA= =13.66
YBA = =13.63
4.2 Tnh ton cng sut my bin p
4.2.1 Cng sut my bin p
S2020=43431 kVA
4.2.2 Xc nh s lng my bin p trong trm

13

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
Trong giai on t nay n 2020 trm s dng 2 my bin p lm vic song
song.
Da trn c s:
Khi mt my b s c th my cn li vi kh nng qu ti s c cho php phi
m bo cung cp cng sut cho cc ph ti.
Theo iu kin qu ti s c ta chn cng sut nh mc mi MBA theo iu
kin:
Kqtsc.SmBA Sptmax
Trong :
Kqtsc=1.4
Sptmax= S2020=43431 kVA
SmBA
SmBA 31022 kVA
Da vo nhng c s trnh by trn th trong giai on t nay n 2020
trm s dng 2 my bin p 16MVA lm vic song song.
La chn my bin p trung gian 110kV/35kV/22 kV do cng ty thit b in
ng Anh ch to, cng sut 16 MVA
Cc thng s ca my bin p
- Sm=16 MVA
- Um=115/38.5/23 kV
- T u dy: 0//0-11-12
- in p ngn mch: UC-T=10.5%, UC-H=17.5%, UT-H=6.5%
- Tn tht khng ti P0=15.8kW
- Tn tht khi c ti PN= 82 kW
- Dng in khng ti I0= 0.25%

14

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

CHNG V: TNH TON THIT K NG DY 35KV V


22KV CUNG CP CHO CC TRM TIU TH
5.1 S mt bng ng dy
Vic la chn v vch tuyn dy l cng vic khi u ca nhim v thit k
ng dy. N c tnh cht quyt nh v cc mt thi cng, vn hnh v yu t kinh
t, k thut.
S mt bng th hin trn hnh 5.1

15

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

5.2 Tnh ton, la chn tit din dy dn


- ng dy 110kV ta s dng dy trn khng.
- on ng dy t trm trung gian n TC35kV, TC22kV ta s dng cp
XLPE
- Cc l ti cc trm bin p phn phi ta dng dy AC
i vi ng dy truyn ti mng in khu vc, do cng sut ln, in p
cao, ng dy di nn chi ph vn hnh kh ln. Mt khc cc thit b iu chnh
in p kh tt nn t phi ch n tn tht in p. V vy, tit din dy dn v cp
c chn theo iu kin kinh t.
Fkt=
Dng in cc i c tnh theo cng thc:
Imax=
5.2.1 La chn tit din ng dy 110kV di 10km
Ta la chn theo Jkt v kim tra theo iu kin hao tn in p cho php
y l li in khu vc nn ta chn thi gian s dng cng sut cc i l
4500h t tra bng c Jkt=1.1 A/mm2
Ta c Smax=32000kVA
I= = = 168 A
F= = = 153 mm2
Vy la chn dy AC150 do CADIVI ch to (t228 s tay la chn v tra cu
thit b in t 0.4 n 500kV_Ng Hng Quang).
Cc thng s AC150:
R0=0.2039 /km
X0=0.381 /km
Dng in ph ti cho php Icp=440 A
Kim tra theo iu kin hao tn in p cho php
Ucp= = = 5500 V
Hao tn in p tnh ton trn 100m ng dy 110kV
U=
Cos=0.8
U= = 114V 5500 V m bo
Vy ng dy 110kV ta chn AC150
5.2.2 La chn cp t MBATG n cc thanh ci 35kV v 22kV
a. T MBATG n TC 35kV
Chn cp theo iu kin pht nng cho php
k1.k2.Icp Itt
Vi U=35kV, nhit cho php 500C
Tra bng h s hiu chnh k1 v nhit mi trng xung quanh, vi nhit
mi trng xung quanh l 350C, nhit tiu chun ca mi trng xung quanh l
250C (t286 s tay la chn thit b in)
k1=0.85, k2=1
Icp
Ptt(vngI,V,VI)=14270kW
Icp

= 269.5 A

16

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
Chn cp nhm cch in XLPE in p 36kV do ALCATEL ch to c tit
din nh mc 150mm2 c Icp=293 A
Tra bng
r0( 900C)=0.265 /km
ro = 0.265(1+0.004(90-20))=0.34 /km
b. La chn cp t MBATG n TC 22kV
Chn cp theo iu kin pht nng cho php
k1.k2.Icp Itt
Vi U=22kV, nhit cho php 500C
Tra bng h s hiu chnh k1 v nhit mi trng xung quanh, vi nhit
mi trng xung quanh l 350C, nhit tiu chun ca mi trng xung quanh l
250C (t262 s tay la chn thit b in)
k1=0.85, k2=1
Icp
Ptt(vngII,III,IV)=10300kW
Icp

= 318 A

Chn cp nhm cch in XLPE in p 24kV do ALCATEL ch to c tit


din nh mc 185mm2 c Icp=331 A
Tra bng
r0( 900C)=0.211 /km
ro = 0.211(1+0.004(90-20))=0.27 /km
5.2.3 La chn tit din dy t TC35, 22kV n cc trm phn phi
La chn theo Jkt kim tra li theo iu kin hao tn in p cho php
T cc tnh ton trn ta c bng sau:
Bng 5.1 Kt qu tnh ton, la chn tit din dy dn
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
on
dy
0-A
0-B
A-1

on
dy
0-A
0-B
A-1
A-5
A-6
B-2
B-3
B-4
Fqc,
mm2
XLPE15
0
XLPE18
5
AC150

S,
U,
Ftt,
l, km Kva
kV
Itt, A mm2
0.05
22681
35
265
120
0.05
21200
22
270
150
4.5
9991
35
165
150
5.1
6908
35
114
104
2.9
8756
35
144
131
6.8
5536
22
145
132
5.5
5918
22
155
141
4.6
6772
22
178
162
xo,
ro,
/k Ucp
Utt,
cos
sin
/km m
,V
V
0.85

0.53

0.34

0.38

1750

16

0.84
0.85

0.54
0.53

0.27
0.21

0.38
0.381

1100
1750

21
487

17

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


A-5
A-6
B-2
B-3
B-4

AC120
AC150
AC185
AC185
AC185

0.82
0.85
0.85
0.84
0.84

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
0.57
0.53
0.53
0.54
0.54

0.27
0.21
0.16
0.16
0.16

0.391
0.381
0.377
0.377
0.377

1750
1750
1100
1100
1100

448
275
573
501
480

Bng 5.2 Cc thng s k thut ca dy dn


M hiu
AC120
AC150
AC185
XLPE120
XLPE150

ro,
/km
xo, /km
0.27
0.391
0.21
0.381
0.16
0.377
0.416
0.38
0.339
0.38

18

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

CHNG VI: TNH TON THIT K TRM BIN P 110/35/22


kV
6.1 La chn s ni in trm bin p
S ni in ca trm phi tha mn cc iu kin sau:
- m bo lin tc cung cp in theo yu cu ca ph ti
- S ni dy r rng, thun tin trong vn hnh v x l lc s c
- An ton lc vn hnh v lc s c
- Hp l v kinh t, trn c s m bo cc yu cu v k thut

19

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

20

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

6.2 Tnh ton ngn mch


Khi thit k trm bin p ngoi vic quan tm n dng in v in p bnh thng
cn phi quan tm n vn ngn mch. Ni chung th dng in ngn mch ln hn
nhiu ln so vi dng in nh mc. V vy c th gy ra ng sut nhit v ng sut ng
rt ln. Trong trng hp ngn mch chm t c th sinh ra in p tip xc khng cho
php v xy ra hin tng nhiu trong h thng in.
V vy, ngn mch l s c nghim trng thng xy ra trong h thng in. Cho
nn cc phn t trong h thng in phi c tnh ton, la chn sao cho khng nhng
lm vic tt trong iu kin bnh thng m cn c kh nng chu ng c trng thi s
c trong gii hn cho php.
C hai dng ngn mch chnh l ngn mch i xng v ngn mch khng i
xng. Tnh ton ngn mch ba pha i xng thng l dng ngn mch ba pha, dng
la chn cc kh c in nh my ct, khng in, bin dng, bin in p v cc phn t
dn in nh dy dn, thanh dn, cp
Trnh t tnh ton ngn mch:
6.2.1 Tnh ton ngn mch ba pha
a. Cc i lng tnh ton trong h n v tng i
Chn cng sut c bn Scb= 100MVA, in p c bn l in p trung bnh Ucb=Utb
in p c bn

Dng in c bn:

UcbI= 115kV

IcbI=

UcbII= 38.5kV

IcbII=

UcbIII= 23kV
IcbIII=
b. Tnh in khng trong h n v tng i
Ngun sc in ng ng tr ca h thng ly bng E ht= 1, bi ta coi trong h n
v c tn Eht Utb Ucb
Xc nh tr s in khng ca cc phn t trong s thay th:
Cng sut ct ca my ct khi xy ra ngn mch chn l SN= 10000MVA
in khng ca h thng:
X*HTcb = X*HT = 0.01
in khng ng dy: x*dcb= x0.l. = 0.381*10* = 0.03
Vi

x0= 0.381 /km


l: chiu di on dy 110kV di 10km

in khng my bin p ba pha ba cun dy:


Ta c: UC-T=10.5%, UC-H=17.5%, UT-H=6.5%
21

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

. ( U CN-T % + U CN-H % U TN-H %) =

1
2

(10.5+17.5-6.5) = 10.75%

U TN % = 2 . ( U CN-T % + U TN-H % U CN-H %) =

1
2

(10.5+6.5-17.5) = -0.25%

UH
. ( U CN-H % + U TN-H % U CN-T %) =
N % =
2

1
2

(17.5+6.5-10.5) =6.75%

U CN % =

1
2
1

Nn:
XC= ** = ** = 0.22
XT= 0
XH= =

=0.14

S h thng cn tnh ton ngn mch nh hnh v:

22

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


S thay th:

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

Bin i s ta c:

in khng tng ng nhn v cc im ngn mch N1, N2, N3 l:


X N1= X*htcb+X*dcb1= 0.01+0.03=0.04
X*N2= {X*htcb+X*dcb1+ }// = {0.01+0.03+ }// = = 0.05
X*N3= X*htcb+X*dcb1+ = 0.01+0.03+ =0.11
X*N4= {{X*htcb+X*dcb1+ }// }nt nt X*dcb2= {0.01+0.03+ }// }+0+0.12= 0.17
Dng in ngn mch IN1, IN2, IN3 trong h n v tng i l:
*
I N1= = = 25 vt
I*N2= = = 20 vt
I*N3= = = 9.1 vt
I*N4= = = 6 vt
Dng trong h n v c tn:
*

23

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
*
IN1= I N1.IcbI= 25*0.5= 12.5 kA
IN2= I*N2.IcbII= 20*1.5= 30kA
IN3= I*N3.IcbIII= 9.1*2.5= 23kA
IN4= I*N4.IcbIV= 6*1.5= 9 kA
6.3 La chn thit b
6.3.1 Pha 110Kv
- My ct: my ct c nhim v chnh l ng ct mch in cap p.Ngoi nhim v ng
ct dng ph ti phc v cng tc vn hnh, my ct cn c chc nng ct dng ngn
mch bo v cc phn t ca h thng in.
Dng in cng bc qua my ct 331 v 332 ca MBA
I lv =

1,4 S m
3U m

1,4.16000
3.110

= 117 ,57 ( A)

Vy ta chn my ct SF6 do Schneider ch to c thng s


Loi my
Um (kV) Im (A) INmax(kA) IN1s
ct
MHMe 1P 123
2000
125
40
Kim tra li
Thng s kim tra
in p nh mc
Dng in nh mc
Dng n nh ng

in p chu ng
xung st (kV)
550

Kt qu
Umc = 123(kV) > Uli = 110(kV)
Im = 2000 (A) > Icb = 117,57 (A)
INmax = 125(kA)>Ixk =
2 .1,8.12 ,5 =31 ,8( kA )

Dng n nh nhit
-Dao cch ly
Nhim v ch yu ca DCL l to ra mt khong h cch in c trng thy gia b
phn ang mang dng in v b phn ct in nhm mc ch m bo an ton v khin
cho nhn vin sa cha thit b an tm khi lm vic. Do vy nhng ni cn sa cha
lun ta nn t thm dao cch ly ngoi cc thit b ng ct khc.
Dng in cng bc qua dao cch l
I lv =

1,4 S m
3U m

1,4.16000
3.110

= 117 ,57 ( A)

Dng ngn mch IN = 12,5kA. Qua ta chn dao cch ly do Lin s (c) ch to
Loi DCL
Um (kV)
Im (A)
INmax (kA)
IN10s
PH3 154M/600 154
600
50
10
Kim tra dao cch ly :
i lng kin tra
in p nh mc
Dng in mc
Dng n nh ng

Kt qu kim tra
Um = 154(kV) > Ul i= 110 (kV)
ImDCL = 600(A) > Icb = 117,57 (A)
INmax = 50(kA) > Ixk = 31,8 (kA)

- Chn chng st van


Nhim v ca chng st van l chng st nh t ngoi ng dy trn khng truyn vo
trm bin p v trm phn phi. Chng st van c lm bng in tr phi tuyn. Vi in
24

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
p nh mc ca li in, in tr ca chng st van c tr s ln v cng khng cho
dng in i qua, khi c in p st in tr gim ti khng, chng st van tho dng st
xung t.
Trong tnh ton thit k, vic chn chng st van ch cn cn c vo in p
UmCSV UmL
Chn dng chng st van do Simens ch to c thng s ghi trong bng sau:
Loi
Vt liu
3EP1
Oxit kim loi
- Thanh ci 110kV

Um(kv)
170

Iphng,m(KA)
40

Vt liu v
S

6.3.2 Pha 35kV


- My ct tng 35kV
Dng in cng bc i qua 2 my ct tng 331 v 332
1,4( 4848 + 3352 + 4248 )
I cb =
= 143 ,73( A)
2 3.35

Dng in ngn mch : IN = 30(kA)


Dng xung kch : Ixk = 76 (kA)
Vy ta chn my ct SF6 do Schneider ch to c thng s
Loi my
ct
36GI E31

Um (kV)

Im (A)

INmax(kA)

IN3s

36

2000

80

31,5

Kim tra li
Thng s kim tra
in p nh mc
Dng in nh mc
Dng n nh ng
Dng n nh nhit

in p chu ng
xung st (kV)
200

Kt qu
Umc = 36(kV) > Uli = 35(kV)
Im = 2000 (A) > Icb = 143,73 (A)
INmax = 80(kA)>Ixk =76 (kA)

- My ct ng dy 35kV
Chn l 371 tnh ton chon my ct ng dy. Dng in cng bc
1,4.4848
I cb =
= 112 ( A)
3.35

Dng ngn mch 9kA


Dng xung kch 23kA
Vy ta chn my ct SF6 do Schneider ch to c thng s
Loi my
ct
36GI E16

Um (kV)

Im (A)

INmax(kA)

IN3s

36

630

40

16

in p chu ng
xung st (kV)
200

- Dao cch ly
Dng in cng bc i qua 4 dao cch ly 331 3, 332 3 , 331 C31 v 332 C31

25

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


1,4( 4848 + 3352 + 4248 )
I cb =
= 143 ,73( A)

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

2 3.35

Dng in ngn mch : IN = 30(kA)


Dng xung kch : Ixk = 76 (kA)
Qua ta chn dao cch ly do Lin s (c) ch to
Loi DCL
Um (kV)
Im (A)
PB III 35/1000 35
1000

INmax (kA)
80

IN10s
20

INmax (kA)
50

IN10s
10

- Dao cch ly pha ng dy


1,4.4848
I cb =
= 112 ( A)
3.35

Dng ngn mch 9kA


Dng xung kch 23kA
Qua ta chn dao cch ly do Lin s (c) ch to
Loi DCL
Um (kV)
Im (A)
PB III 35/400
35
400

- Chng st van 35kV


Chn dng chng st van do Simens ch to c thng s ghi trong bng sau:
Loi
3EK6

Vt liu
Oxit kim loi

Um(kv)
36

6.3.3 Pha 22kV


- My ct tng 22kV
Dng in cng bc
1,4( 2686 + 2871 + 3286 )
I cb =

2 3.22

Iphng,m(KA)
10

Vt liu v
Nha

= 162 ,45( A)

Dng in ngn mch : IN = 23(kA)


Dng xung kch : Ixk = 58,55 (kA)
Vy ta chn my ct SF6 do Schneider ch to c thng s
Loi my
Um (kV) Im (A) INmax(kA) IN3s
ct
24GI E31 24
2000
80
31,5

in p chu ng
xung st (kV)
150

- My ct ng dy 24kV
Chn l 371 tnh ton chon my ct ng dy. Dng in cng bc
1,4.3286
I cb =
= 120 ( A)
3.22

Dng ngn mch 9kA


Dng xung kch 23kA
Vy ta chn my ct SF6 do Schneider ch to c thng s
Loi my
ct
24GI E16

Um (kV)

Im (A)

INmax(kA)

IN3s

24

630

40

16

in p chu ng
xung st (kV)
200

- Chn dao cch ly


26

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
Dng in cng bc i qua 4 dao cch ly 431 3, 432 3 , 431 C41 v 432 C41
1,4( 2686 + 2871 + 3286 )
I cb =
= 162 ,45( A)
2 3.22

Dng in ngn mch : IN = 23(kA)


Dng xung kch : Ixk = 58,55 (kA)
Qua ta chn dao cch ly do Lin s (c) ch to
Loi DCL
Um (kV)
Im (A)
PB III 35/1000 35
1000

INmax (kA)
80

IN10s
20

INmax (kA)
50

IN10s
10

- Dao cch ly pha ng dy


1,4.4848
I cb =
= 112 ( A)
3.35

Dng ngn mch 9kA


Dng xung kch 23kA
Qua ta chn dao cch ly do Lin s (c) ch to
Loi DCL
Um (kV)
Im (A)
PB III 35/400
35
400

- Chng st van 22kV


Chn dng chng st van do Simens ch to c thng s ghi trong bng sau:
Loi
3EF3

Vt liu
Oxit kim loi

Um(kv)
24

Iphng,m(KA)
10

Vt liu v
Nha

6.3.4 Chn s cch in


- Pha 110kV ta chn s chui c cp in p
- Pha 35kV ta chn s
- Pha 22kV ta chn s
6.4 Chn s o lng v BU v BI
6.4.1 S nguyn l mch o lng

27

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


6.4.2. My bin dng.
a. Pha 110 kv.
Chn bin dng c thng s sau
Loi
U m I m (A)
ccx
bin
dng
kv
I tc
I sc
T H 110
-
110

400800

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

Ph ti nh mc
ng vi cp chnh
sc (v)
0.5
1
3
1,2

B n
nh
ng
t nh (s
)
110

Bi
s n
nh
nhit
34,6/3

Kim tra bin dng.


U mBI = 110kv= U nLD
S m

31,77 .10 3

= 220 ,86 (a ) < I dmBI = 400 : 800 (a)


I lv max =1,3 3U
=1.3
3.110
mSC
(1,3 l h s qu ti ca my bin p trung gian).
- Chn tit din dy dng cho o lng.
Ph ti ca bin dng.
Tn dng c
Cng sut
Pha A
Pha B
Pha c
1: Ampe k
1
1
1
2 ng h o cng sut phn khng 5
0
5
3 Ot k t ghi
10
0
10
4 ng h o cng sut tc dng
2,5
0
2,5
5 Cng t tc dng
5
0
5
6 Cng t phn khng
2.5
5
2.5
`Tng
26
6
26

Tng tr pha c ph ti ln nht


Z c =

S
I dm B I

26
=1,04 ( ). Chn BI ni theo hnh sao c ltt = 2.1 vi l l chiu di dy
52

t BI n dng c o bng 15(m)


.ltt

Fdd ( ZdmBI

=
Zdc )

15 .2.0,0175
(1,2 1,04 )

=3,28(mm2). m bo chn dy ng F=4 mm2

Kim tra iu kin n nh ng.


2 Kd.IdmBISC = 2 .110.0,8= 124,45(KA) > IXK = 2 *Kxk*IN = 2 *1.8*27,06=68,88(KA)
Kim tra iu kin n nh nhit
(Knhdm.IdmBISC)2.tnh.dm = (34,6.800)2.3=2.29.109 BN=85,6.106(A2s)
b. Pha 35KV
Chn bin dng c cc thng
Loi bin p dng Um Im,A
CCX Ph ti nh mc
Bi
ng vi cp chnh
Bi s s n
xc,
n
nh
nh
nhit
KV Isc
Itc
0.5
1
3
28

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


T H-35M
35
Kim tra bin dng
UdmBI=35KV=UnL
S m

Ilvmax = 1,4

3U mSC

=1,4

1,5 - 800

13 ,14 .10 3
3.35

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
5

Ampe k
ng h o cng sut phn khng
Ot kt t ghi
Cng t tc dng
ng h o cong sut tc dng
Cng t phn khng

1
2
3
4
5
6
Tng tr pha c ph ti ln nht.
Z c =

I dm B I

65/1

= 309 ,18 ( A) < I dmBI = 800 ( A).

Chn tit din dy dng cho o lng.


Ph ti ca bin dng.
n trm trung gian 110/35/22 kVA
STT Tn dng c

0,5

ng
150

Cng sut (VA)


Pha A
Pha B
Pha C
1
1
1
5
0
5
10
0
10
5
0
5
2.5
0
2.5
2.5
5
2.5
26
6
26

26
=1,04 ( ). Chn BI ni theo hnh sao c ltt = 2.1 vi l l chiu di dy
52

t BI n dng c o bng 15(m)


.ltt

Fdd ( ZdmBI

=
Zdc )

15 .2.0,0175
( 2 1,04 )

=0.546(mm2). m bo chn cp rut cch in

PVC dy ng F=2 mm2


Kim tra n nh ng.
2 Kd.IdmBISC = 2 .150.0,8= 169,71(KA) > IXK =10,89(ka)
Kim tra n nh nhit
(k nhdm .I dmBIsc ) 2 .t nhdm =(65.800) 2 .1=2,7.10 9 >B N =2,14.10 6 (A 2 s)
c. Pha 22 kv.
Chn bin dng c cc thng s sau
Loi my U m
I m (a)
CCX
Ph ti nh I d Bi s n
bin dng Kv
mc
nh nhit

T B- 24 24
I SC
I TC
24000 5
0,
2
13/4

29

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Kim tra bin dng
U MBI =24 KV>U nL
Ilvmax = 1,4

S m
3U mSC

=1,4

11 ,47 .10 3
3.22

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

=429.63(A)< Ilvmax=24000(V)

Chn tit din dy dn cho o lng


Ph ti ca bin dng
Tn dng c
1 Ampe k
2 Dng h o cng sut phn khng
3 Ot k t ghi
4 Cng t tc dng
5 ng h o cng sut tc dng
6 Cng t phn khng
`Tng

Cng sut
Pha B
1
0
0
0
0
5
6

Pha A
1
5
10
5
2,5
2.5
26

Pha C
1
5
10
5
2,5
2.5
26

Tng tr pha c ph ti ln nht


Z c =

S
I dm BI

26
=1,04( ). Chn BI ni theo hnh sao c I tt =2,1 vi 1 la chiu di
52

dy t BI n dng c o bng 15(cm)


.1tt

15 .2.0,0175

F dd ( Z
= 2 1.04 =0,546(mm)
mBI Z c )
m bo chn cp c rut cch in bng PVC ng F=2mm 2
V I mCS >1000(a) nn khng phi kim tra theo iu kin n nh ng v n nh nhit
6.4.3. Chn BU
BU c chn l la 3 pha5 tr u Y 0 /Y 0 /
Bng thng s ca BU pha 110 +22kv
Thng s k thut Pha cao p
Pha 110 kv
Pha 22kv
in p nh mc 110
35
35
Kiu bin p
1 pha
1 pha
1 pha
S ni dy
Y 0 /Y 0
Y 0 /Y 0
Y 0 /Y 0
1
10
0
,
1
35
0
,
1
0
,
1
35 0,1 0,1
T s
/
/0,1
/
/
/
/
3

Cp chnh xc
Cng sut tiu th

Vi 0,5 l 400
2000

Vi 0,5 l 75
1200

Vi 0,5 l 75
1200

30

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Ph ti th cp ca my bin in p
Tn ph ti

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
Cng sut
Pha AB
7,2
10
10
2,5
2,5
10
10
52,2

1: Vn k
2: ng h o cng sut tc dng kW
3: ng h o cng sut phn khng kVAr
4 :Cng t o cng sut tc dng kWh
5:Cng t o cng sut phn khng kVArh
6: Tn s k
7: Ot k t ghi
Tng

Pha BC
7,2
10
10
2,5
2,5
10
10
52,2

Chn cp o lng
Chn dng in trong cc dy dn
s ab

I a =I c = U

ab

52 ,2
110

=0,47(A)

I b = 3 . I a = 3 .0,47= 0,82(A)
V c cng t nn tn tht trn BU khng vt qu 0,5%
Chn U =0,5%
Tit din cp ni ti thiu l:
F

( I A + I B ). .l
U

(0,47 + 0,82 ). 15 .0,05


0,5

=1,935mm 2

Chn cp rut ng cch in bng PVCcos tit din l 2 mm 2


6.5. Thit k chiu sng v chn my t dng.
a- thit k chiu sang:
Do tnh cht lm vic lien tc ca 1 trm cao p nn h thng chiu sang c thit k
vi tin cy cao nht. chiu sang cho trm ch yu vo ban m vi mc va phi
khng yu cu cao v ri. Chiu sang cho trm ch yu chiu vo cc ni i cc hnh
lang bo v trm. Tuy yu cu khng cao v k thut chiu sang nhng phi cung cp
thng xuyn v ban m qu trnh vn hnh trm c an ton, thm ch ngun chiu
sng cn c b tr vi ngun d phng chiu sng khi trm b s c mt in.
Tnh ton chiu sng cho trm da trn chiu sng chung cho c khu vc thng tnh
cng sut chiu sng trn mt n v din tch. Ta thy cng sut chiu sng y l P 0
=2(W/m 2 )
Vi din tch l 75x55=4125(m 2 ) cng sut tng chiu sng cho trm l
P cs =4125.2=8250(w) hay 8,25 (kw)
Chn cc n chiu sng l cc n si t c ri chiu sng khng cn qu ln,
cc n ny c b tr trn cc ct n dc cc ng i trong trm v c b tr chiu
sng u trn ton trm.
b- Chn my t dng:
Chn my bin p phan phi cp in p 22/0.4 (kv) do cty ng Anh ch to
Cng sut(KVA)
25

in p(kv)
22/0.4

P 0 (w)

P k (w)

120

500

I 0 (%)
2

U N (%)
4

31

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

CHNG V: TNH TOAN BO V ROLE


7.
Chn phng thc bo v v chng loi rle
Vic la chn phng thc bo v cho phn t may bin p ni ring v cc phn t trong
h thong in ni chung l ht sc quan trng, n nhm loi tr h hng ra khi h thng ,
m bo cho h thng, m bo cho h thong lm vic an ton v n nh.
m bo tin cy cao, yu cu cung cp in cho cc h tiu th tiu dung in. H
thng bo v r le t cho cc my bin p chnh ca trm. Cn phi tha mn cc yu
cu sau:
- tin cy.
tin cy khi tc ng l kh nng bo v lm vic ng khi c s c xy ra trong phm
vi c xc nh trong nhim v bo v, cn tin cy khng tc ng l kh nng
trnh lm vic nhm ch vn hnh bnh thng v s c xy ra ngoi phm vi bo v
c qui nh.
-Tnh chn lc.
Tnh chn lc l kh nng bo v c th pht hin v loaj tr ng phn t b s c ra khi
h thng. Cu hnh ca h thng in cng phc tp vic m ba tnh chn loc ca bo v
cng kh khn.
Kh nng pht hin ct ng phn t b h hng ra khoi h thng in.Cp bo v chnh
ca may bin p s dng r le c tnh chn lc tuyt i l bo v so lch dng in.
Bo v kh do nh ch to my bin p t sn trn on dn du t thng du chnh cu
my bin p dn ln bnh du ph. Ngoi bo v chnh my bin p cn c cc bo v d
phng nh bo v qu dng in ct nhanh ( I>>) v bo v qu dng in c thi gian
( I> ) pha 110KV nng cao tin cy cho h thong bo v.
- Tc ng nhanh.
Bo v cn pht hin v cch ly phn t b s c cng nhanh cng tt. Tuy nhin khi kt
hp vi yu cu la chn tha mn yu cu tc ng nhanh cn nhng loi bo v phc
tp v t tin, khi bo v pht hin ra s c ( ngn mch ) hn ch s tc ng ca
dng in ngn mch n thit b, thi gian tc ng ca bo v khng vt qu 50ms.
- nhy
nhy c trng cho kh nng cm nhn s c ca r le hoc h thng bo v. N c
biu din bng h s nhy, tc t s gia tr s i lng vt ly t vo r le khi c s
c vi ngng khi ng ca n cng ln, r le cng d cm nhn s xut hin ca s c,
hay r le cng tc ng cng nhy.
Vic thc hin thit k bo v r le vi loi 7UT513 v loi bo v 7SJ600. Hai loi bo
v trn u l r le k thut s c nhiu tnh nng v u vit sau.
+ Bo v r le kh
+ Bo v so lch my bin p: 87T
+ Bo v chm t c gii hn: 87N
+ Bo v qu dng ct nhanh: 50
+ Bo v qu dng c thi gian:51
+ Bo v qu dng th t khng:51N
+ Bo v qu ti nhit: 49
+ Bo v r le km p: 27
+ Bo v r le tng p: 59
+ Bo v khong cch: 21
+ Bo v chng chm t: 64
+ Bo v qu dng c hng: 67
32

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
7.1. Cc loi bo v cho khi ng cp.
7.1.1. Bo v dng in cc ai.
Bo v dng in cc i khi dng in chy qua r le vt qu gi tr chnh nh cho
trc. Nh vy gi tr dng in chnh nh phi ln hn hoc bng gi tr dng in cc
i c th c trong mng. Nh vy dong in chnh nh ( khi ng ) ca r le c xc
nh theo biu thc sau:
Dng in khi ng ca bo v cc i c chn theo iu kin:
Ik =

ktc
ktv

. Ilv max

Do cc r le c mc qua cc bin dng v vy dng khi ng ca r le c xc nh


theo biu thc:
Ik.R =

Ktc
Klv .Ni

.Ksd.Ilv max

Trong :
Ktc H s tin cy, k n kh nng tc ng thiu chnh xc ca bo v.
Ktv H s s , xt ti nh hng ca s ni in ca BI vi r le.
Ni H s bin i ca bin dng.
Ilv max - Dng in lm vic cc i.
Cn c vo gi tr dng in khi ng ca r le Ik.R cn chn dong t ca r le I.R
Theo gi tr gn nht ca thang dong in pha cao p.
I.R > Ik.R
Dng in khi ng thc t ca r le c xc nh theo biu thc sau:
Ik.BV =

I .r.Ni
ksd

nhy ca bo v:
Knh=

In . min
Ik .Bv

> 1,2

7.1.2. Bo v ct nhanh.
Bo v dng in ct nhanh l loi bo v nhm nhanh chng loi tr dng in ngn
mch. V vy khc vi bo v dng in cc i, bo v dng in ct nhanh c chnh
nh theo dong in ngn mch ln nht ngoi vng bo v v thit b bo v tc ng
nhanh khng c thi gian duy tr.
Dng khi ng ca bo v phi ln hn dng ngn mch ln nht ngoi vng bo v:
Ikd.CN > In.max.ng
Trong :
IN.max.ng: Dng ngn mch ln ngoi vng bo v.
i vi my bin p, ngoi iu kin trn cn phi xt n iu kin t bin ca dong t
ha:
IkCN > Ib
Gi tr ca dng t ha t bin c xc nh theo biu thc:
Ib = Kb.In.BA
Trong :
Kb H s t bin t ha c gi tr trong khong 3- 5, ty thc vo loi my bin p:
In.BA -- Dng nh mc ca my bin p.
Gi tr ln nht trong s cc gi tr In.max.ng v Ib s c chn lm iu kin tnh ton bo
v ct nhanh. Gi s IN.max.ng > Ib khi dng khi ng c xc nh theo biu thc:
Ik.CN = Ktc. In.max.ng
Dng khi ng ca r le:

33

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Ik.CN.R =

Ksd
Ni

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

.Ik.CN

Cn c vo dng khi ng ca r le Ik.CN.R , chn dng t gn nht Id.CN ca bo v ct


nhanh, sau xc nh gi tr dng khi ng thc t ca bo v.
Ibv.CN =

Ic .Ni
Ksd

nhy ca bo v :

In. m in
Knh.CN = Ib v.cn > 2
11.3.1.Cc loi bo v c t trong my bin p.
Nhng h hng thng xy ra i vi my bin p.
+ H hng trong my bin p bao gm :
- Chm chp gia cc vng dy.
- Chm chp gia cc pha vi nhau
- Ngn mch gia cc cun dy
- H hng b phn chuyn i u phn p
- Thng du b r d.
+H hng ch lm vic bnh thng ca MBA
Ngn mch nhiu pha trong h thng.
- Ngn mch mt pha trong h thng.
- Qu ti.
- Qu bo ha mch t.
Ty theo tng loi my bin p, v tr t ca chng, vai tr ca my bin p trong h
thng m ngi ta a ra phng thc la chn h thng bo v thch hp cho tng
loai my bin p,gm nhng loi nh bng 2.13 sau.
Bng: Loai h hng ca MBA v loi bo v
Loi h hng ca MBA v loi bo v
+ Ngn mch mt pha hoc nhiu + So lch l loai bo v chnh.
pha cham t
+ Bo v qu dng
+ Bo v qu dng th t khng
+ Khong cch bo v d phng
+ Chm t cc vng dy, thng du + Bo v r le kh
thng hoc b r r
+ Qu ti
+Qu nhit
+ Dng hnh nh nhit
Cc loai bo v c t trong trm bin p:
+ Bo v r le kh .
+ Bo v so lch my bin p: 87T
+ Bo v chm t c gii hn: 87N
+ Bo v qu dong ct nhanh: 50
+ Bo v qu dng co thi gian: 51
+ Bo v qu dng th t khng: 51N
+ Bo v qu ti nhit:49
+ R le nhit : 3
34

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
+ R le so lch : 4
+ R le kh: 3
+ R le qu dng th t khng:1 v 5
+ R le qu dng ct nhanh: 1
+ R le qu dng c thi gian: 1 v 5
+R le bo v qu ti 4
S phng thc bo v my bin p nh hnh v

11.4. Cc chc nng bo v c s dng.


11.4.1.Nguyn ly bo v bng r le kh:
Dng pht hin cc h hng bn trong thng du my bin p. Nh dng ngn mch
gia cc vng dy trong cng 1 pha hoc ngn mch gn im trung tnh hoc thng du
my bin p b r r lm mc du gim thp. Bo v lm vic da vo mc bc hi v
tc chuyn ng ca du y ln bnh du ph.
S bo v r le kh nh hnh v
..................................
r le lm vic c nhy cao khi lp t my bin p cn k nghing my bin p 1
gc t (3 50) sao cho pha thng du ph cao hn.
11.4.2 Nguyn ly bo v so lch dng in.
Nguyn ly: Bo v so lch da trn nguyn tc so snh cc dng in v v vy cng c
hiu nh h thng cn bng dng in. Chng s dng nguyn tc l dng in ri khi
i tng bo v trong iu kin bnh thng bng dng in i vo i tng bo v.Bt
k s sai lch dng no cng c hiu s c bn trong c bo v.Cc cun dy th cp
35

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
ca my bin dng BI1 va BI2 c cng t s bin, c ni c c cc dng in nh
hnh.
Khi vn hnh bnh thng hoc ngn mch ngoi, dng in bng nhau.
I1 = I2 nn ta c Isl = I1- I2 = 0 r le khng tc ng.
Khi s c bn trong vng bo v, dng in mi u khng bng nhau.
I1 # I2 nn ta c ISL = I1- I2 # 0 khi ISL > IK r le tc ng.
S bo v so lch nh hnh 6,.5 sau
...............................
Bo v so lch dng in c hm: Trn thc t sai s ca cc my bin dng hay hin
tng bo ha mch t v khi c dong my bin p khng ti dng in th cp ca cc
BI s khc nhau v to ra dng in khng cn bng.
Isl =I1 I2 = IKcb
Dng in khng cn bng trong mt s trng hp c th c gi tr ln nht dn n r le
bo v so lch tc ng nhm. khc phc hin tng trn ngi ta s dng nguyn ly
hm sng hi bc cao ( kha khng cho bo v tc ng trong mt khong thi gian nht
nh ). Bo v so lch dng in c hm sng hi bc cao c dng lm bo v chnh cho
my bin p, chng li cc dng ngn mch mt pha hoc nhiu pha, mt pha chm t
trong cun dy my bin p.Bo v m bo lm vic n nh vi cc dng khng cn
bng xut hin khi ong my bin khng ti hoc khi ngn mch ngoi vng bo v so
lch. Bo v lun m bo nhy vi cc s c ngn mch trong vng bo v, c bin
php trnh tc ng nhm khi co dng t ha tng cao.
11.4.3. Nguyn ly bo v qu dng in.
Bo v qu dng in t pha 110 KV d phng cho bo v so lch. Bo v lm vic
vi hai cp tc ng, cp tc ng ct nhanh v cp tc ng c thi gian.
Bo v qu dng in ct nhanh: (I >>) c dng khi ng chn theo iu kin gi tr ln
nht ca dng in khi ngn mch ngoi vng ca bo v my bin p.
Dng in khi ca bo v c chn theo cng thc:
IK = Kat . IN ng.max
Trong :
IN ng.max - Dng in ngoi vng bo v ln nht.
Kat= 1,3 1,4 H s an ton.
nhy ca bo v c kim tra khi ngn mch 2 pha ch cc tiu, im ngn
mch tha mn iu kin:
(3)
I (2) N min
3 I Nng.max
knh=
=
.
2
I kd
I kd
2

Bo v qu dng c thi gian: (I>) Tnh chn lc ca bo v qu dng in c thi gian


dng bo v cho my bin p c m bo bng cch. Phi hp v thi gian vi cc bo
v qu dng in c thi gian t hai pha trung p va h p ca my bin p. Bo v
qu dng in c thi gian t thanh ci trung p v h p c thi gian lm vic phi
hp bo v cc l ng dy xut tuyn t thanh gp v c nhim v bo v thanh gp
v lm d phng cho bo v ng dy.
C hai loi c tnh thi gian lm vic ca bo v qu dng.
+ c tnh thi gian c lp: thi gian lm vic ca bo v qu dng khng ph thuc vo
tr s dng in chy qua bo v.
36

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
+ c tnh thi gian ph thuc: Thi gian lm vic ca bo v cng nh khi dng in
chy qua bo v tng.
Dng in khi ng ca bo v ny c chn nh sau:
IKD = Kat.IN ng.max
Trong :
Kat = 1,05 1,4 L h s an ton.
Thi gian lm vic ca bo v:
t = tcd + t
Trong :
tcd Thi gian ct ln nht ca bo v.
t Cp chn lc v thi gian ly bng 0,4s 0,5s vi rle in c v t 0,2s 0,3s vi
rle s.
11.4.4. Nguyn l bo v dng in th t khng my bin p:
Bo v so lch dng in th t khng my bin p ( bo v chng chm t hn ch ) d
trn nguyn l so lch gia dng in qua dy trung tnh ni t trc tip. Trong iu kin
lm vic bnh thng khng c dng in i qua im trung tnh, tng dng in th t
khng ca cc pha bng khng. Khi xy ra s c chm t trong vng bo v se xut hin
dng in th t khng o trung tnh my bin p v cc pha I01 v I02 bng nhau v ln
v cng chiu.
ISLO = I01 + I02 0: bo v tc ng.
Ngc li khi xy ra s c chm t ngoi vng bo v s xut hin dng in th t
khng I01, I02 bng nhau v ln v ngc chiu.
ISLO = I01 + I02=0: bo v khng tc ng.
S nguyn l bo v so lch dng in th t khng nh hnh v.

11.4.5. Bo v chng qu tai cho my bin p:


Qu ti lm tng nhit du v cun dy ca my bin p nu qu mc qu ti cao v
ko di lm cho my bin p tng nhit qu mc cho php dn n tui th ca my
37

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
bin p b suy gim nhiu. bo v chng qu ti cho cun dy ca my bin p v bo
v chng qu nhit cho cch in ca my bin p cng sut ln ngi ta thng dng
phng php o trc tip nhit du v hnh nh nhit, nhit cun dy MBA, bo v
lm vic theo nhiu cp tng cng lm mt, cnh bo bng tn hiu m thanh, xa thi bt
ph ti. Nu cc cp tc ng ny khng mang li hiu qu th my bin p c tch ra
khi vn hnh.
S h thng cnh bo my bin p khi qu ti:

bo v qu ti cho MBA ti trm 110 kv dng phng php hnh nh nhit trong
rle bo v 7UT513 v phng php o trc tip ti my bin p. Phng php trc tip
ti my bin p. Phng php trc tip ti my bin p s dng b cm ng nhit t
pha trn thng du ni cao nht. Khi nhit tng ln 550c b khuch i s thc hin
tun t cc cng vic nh tng cng lm mt v bo tn hiu nu nhit c tip tc
tng, khi tn hiu c gi i my ct my bin p.
11.5. Tnh cc thng s t v kim tra nhy ca h thng bo v:
11.5.1. Tnh ton bo v qu dng cho khi ng dy:
Bo v dng cho khi ng dy 110 kv (51):
Theo kt qu tnh ton trn ta cn c vo dng in cc i ta chn bin dng c I m BI 1 =
400, tc l h s bin dng ni = 400/5 = 80. D kin my bin dng c chn mc theo
s sao ( phn ng theo dng pha ) nn h s s ksd = 1. H s tin cy ktc = 1,2. Do
r le chn l loi r le s nn h s tr v l ktv = 1.
Ta c dng in khi ng ca bo v:
K tc

1, 2

I kd = K .Ilv.max =
.220,86 = 265,03 ( A )
1
tv
Dng in khi ng ca r le c xc nh nh sau:
K tc

1, 2

Ikd.R = K .n .ksd.Itv max =


.1.220,86 = 3,3 ( A )
1.80
tv i
Chn dng t ca r le: I.R = 5 ( A )
Dng khi ng thc t ca bo v:
ni

Ik.BV = K . I.R = 80.5 = 400 ( A )


sd
nhy ca bo v:
Knh

I N min
I (2) N1
= I
=
=
I kd. BV
kd.Bv

3.I(3) N1ng max


2.I kd. BV

3.27,06.10
= 57,5
2400

Ta thy knh.BV = 57,5 > 1,2 vy bo v p ng yu cu.


+ Xc nh thi gian tc ng ca bo v:
- Bi s dng ngn mch ti im N1 ca bo v:
I (3) N1
27, 06.10
m1 Bv =
=
= 67,65
ni .I d .R
80.5
3

- Thi gian t ca bo v l:
t = 0,1s
- Coi c tnh thi gian ca r le c dc chun, thi gian tc ng thc t ca bo
v l:

38

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

0,14
t = t . m0,02 1 = 0,16(s )
1. BV

.Tnh bo v ct nhanh cho khi ng dy chuyn ti:


Dng in khi ng ca r le bo v ct nhanh c xc nh nh sau:
k tc

1,2

Ikd.cn.r = n . ksd In.max.ng =


.1.27,06.10^3 = 405,9 (A)
80
i
Chn r le c dng t la Id.RCN = 420 (A)
Dng khi ng thc t ca bo v ct nhanh :
Ikd.cn =

n i Idr.cn
420.80
=
= 33600 (A)
k sd
1

Vy m bo nhy theo yu cu , vng bo v ct nhanh tng ng vi ngn mch


ti thiu la :
Imin = knh.Ikd.cn = 2.33,6 = 67,2
Tnh ton bo v dng in cc i cho l tng 35 kv.
Theo kt qu tnh ton nh trn , cn c vo dng lm vic cc i ta chn bin dong c
Idm.bt1 = 800 (A) tc l h s bin dng ni =

800
= 160 .D kin my bin dng c chn
5

mc theo s sao nn h s s Ksd = 1 . H s tin cy ktc = 2 . Do r le chn la


loaih r le s nn c h s tr v l Ktv = 1 , ta c :
Dng in khi ng ca bo v :
k tc

Ikd = K .Ilvmac = 2.309,18 = 618 36 (A)


tv
Dng in khi ng ca r le c xc nh nh sau :
Ikd.r =

I kd k sd
618,36
=
= 3,86 (A)
ni
160

Chn dng t ca rle : Id.r = 5 (A)


Dng in khi ng thc t ca bo v :
ni

160.5

Ikd.bv = k .Id.r =
= 800 (A)
1
sd
nhy ca bo v :
I 2 n2min
Knh =
=
I kd.bv

3.I(3) N2ng max


2.I kd.bv

= 4,55

Ta thy Knh.bv = 4 ,55 >2 vy bo v p ng yu cu.


+ Xc nh thi gian tc ng bo v :
-Bi s dng ngn mch ti im N2 ca bo v
IN2
4, 28.103
Mnv = n .I = 160.5 = 5,35
d .R
i

- Thi gian t ca bo v l: td = 0,1s


- Coi c tnh thi gian ca r le c dc chun, thi gian tc ng thc t ca bo
v l:
0,14

0,14

t = t . m0,02 1 = 5,350,02 1 = 0, 41s


1. BV
39

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52
Tinh ton bo v dng in cc i cho l tng 22 kv:
Theo nh kt qu tnh ton trn ta cn c vo dng in lm vic cc i chn bin dng
c Im BI 1 = 600, tc l h s bin dng ni = 600/5 = 120. D kin my bin dng c
chn mc theo s ao nn h s s k sd = 1. H s tin cy ktc = 1,2. Do rle chon l
loi rle s nn c h s tr v l ktv= 1, ta c:
Dng in khi ng bo v:
ktc

1, 2

Ik = k .I lv.max = 1 .429,36 = 515, 23 ( A )


tv
Dng in khi ng ca rle c xc nh nh sau:
Ik.R =

I kd .ksd 515, 23.1


=
= 4,3 ( A )
ni
120

Chn dng t ca rle: I.R = 5 A.


Dng khi ng thc t ca bo v:
ni

120

Ik.BV = k .I d .R = 1 .5 = 600 ( A )
sd
nhy ca bo v:
3I N(3)3ng .max
I N(2)3min
3.1, 05.103
=
=
= 1.49
knh=
I kd . BV
2.I kd .BV
2.600

Ta thy knh.BV = 1,49 > 1,2 vy bo v p ng yu cu.


+ Xc nh thi gian tc ng ca bo v:
- Bi s dng ngn mch ti im N3 ca bo v:
I n3

1,05.103

MBv = n I =
= 1,75
120.5
i d.r
Thi gian t va bo v l : td = 0,1 s
Coi c tnh thi gian ca bo v rowle costoocs dc chun , thi gian tc ng thc t
ca bo v l :
0,14

0,14

t = m 0,02 .td = 0,1. 1,750,02 1 = 1,3 s


bv
11.5.2. Tnh thi gian bo v cho my bin p.
Bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50)
+ pha 110 kv
Dng kh ng ca bo v :
Ikd = Katin.ng.m = 1,3.27,06.10^3 = 35178 (A)
Dng in khi ng ca rowle c xc nh nh sau :
Ikd.R =

I kd k sd
ni

D kin my bin dng c chon mc theo s sao nn h s s k sd = 1


Ikd.R =

I kd k sd
35178.1
=
= 439,72
ni
80

Chn role vi dng t Id.R = 450 (A)


Dng in thc t ca bo v l :
I dr i .

450.80

Ikd.bv = k =
= 36000 (A)
1
sd
Vy m bo nhy theo yu cu , vng bo v ct nhanh tng ng vi ngn mch
ti thiu l :
INmin = knh.Ikd.bv = 2.36 = 72 (ka)
40

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


Bo v qu dng TTk (51N)
+ pha 110 kv:
Dng nh mc ca my bin p pha 110 kv :
Sdm

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

4000

In.BA = U . 3 =
= 213,9 (A)
110. 3
dm
Dng khi ng ca bo v :
Thng gi tr dng trm t I0 = (0,2-0,8).In.ba.Vi mng in c trung tnh ni t trc
tip ta ly dng trm t I0 = 0,4.In.ba
I0 = 0,4.In.ba = 0,4.213,9 = 85,56 (A)
Dng in khi ng ca rle c xc nh nh sau :
I0

85,56

Ikd.r = n =
= 1,1 (A)
80
i
Chn rowle vi dng t Id.r = 2 (A)
Dng in khi ng thc t ca bo v l :
Ikd.bv = ni.Ikd = 80.2 = 160 (A)
+ pha 22 Kv
Dng nh mc ca my bin p pha 22 kv :
Sdm

4000

In.BA = U . 3 =
= 1069,52 (A)
22. 3
dm
Dng khi ng ca bo v :
Thng gi tr dng trm t I0 = (0,2-0,8).In.ba.Vi mng in c trung tnh ni t trc
tip ta ly dng trm t I0 = 0,4.In.ba
I0 = 0,4.In.ba = 0,4.1069,52 = 427,81 (A)
Dng in khi ng ca rle c xc nh nh sau :
I0

427,81

Ikd.r = n =
120
i

= 3,56 (A)

Chn rle vi dng t Id.r = 4 (A)


Dng in khi ng thc t ca bo v l :
Ikd.bv = ni.Ikd = 120.2 = 240 (A)
Bo v qu dng c thi gian (51)
Chc nng 51 ca bo v pha ng dy 110kv phi phi hp vi chc nng 51 pha 35
kv v 22 kv.
+ pha 35 kv :
Gi s thi gian ct ln nht i vi s c ngn mch pha pha ca cc l ng dy
35kv ni vo thanh ci ca my bin p l 1 s . vy dm bo kh nng chn lc ng
th bo v ca chc nng 51 pha 35 kv phi chn thi gian ct tc ng 1 cp l 0,3 s .
Tbv1 = tcdd + denta t = 1 + 0,3 = 1,3 s .
Dng khi ng ca bo v :
Ikd = Kat.Ilvmax = 1,3.309,18 = 401,93 ( A)
Dng in khi ng ca rle c xc nh nh sau :
Ikd.R =

I kd k sd
401,93.1
=
= 2,5 (A)
ni
160

Chn rle vi dng t Id.r = 5 (A)


41

n thit k trm bin p trung gian

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

Dng in khi ng thc t ca bo v l :


I dr n i

5.160

Ikd.bv = k =
= 800 (A)
1
sd
nhy ca bo v :
I 2 n2min
0,87.4, 28.103
Knh =
=
= 4,65
I kd.bv
800

Ta thy knh.bv = 4,65 > 1,5 vy bo v p ng yu cu .


+ phia 22 kv
Gi s thi gian ct ln nht l 0,1s. vy m bo tnh chn lc tng cp th thi gian
tc ng ca chc nng pha 22 kv l :
T bv1 = tcdd + denta t = 1 + 0,3 = 1,3 s .
Dng khi ng ca bo v :
Ikd = Kat.Ilvmax = 1,3.429,36 = 558,17 ( A)
Dng in khi ng ca rle c xc nh nh sau :
Ikd.R =

I kd k sd
558,17.1
=
= 4,65 (A)
ni
120

Chn rle vi dng t Id.r = 5 (A)


Dng in khi ng thc t ca bo v l :
I dr n i

5.120

Ikd.bv = k =
= 600 (A)
1
sd
nhy ca bo v :
Knh =

I 2 n2min
0,87.1, 05.103
=
= 1,523
I kd.bv
600

Ta thy knh.bv = 1,523 > 1,5 vy bo v p ng yu cu .


+ pha 110 kv :
Chc nng 51 ca bo v pha ng dy 110kv phi phi hp vi chc nng 51 pha 35
kv v 22 kv.vy m bo tnh chn lc tng cp th thi gian tc ng ca chc nng
phia 110 kv l :
Tbv3 = max( tcdd ; tbv1 ; tbv2 ) + denta t = 1,3 + 0,3 = 1,6 (s)
Dng khi ng ca bo v :
Ikd = Kat.Ilvmax = 1,3,320,86 = 287,12 ( A)
Dng in khi ng ca rle c xc nh nh sau :
Ikd.R =

I kd k sd
287,12.1
=
= 3,59(A)
ni
80

Chn rle vi dng t Id.r = 5 (A)


Dng in khi ng thc t ca bo v l :
I dr n i

5.80

Ikd.bv = k =
1
sd

= 400 (A)
42

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


nhy ca bo v :
Knh =

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

I 2 n2min
0,87.27, 06.103
=
= 58,86
I kd.bv
400

Ta thy knh.bv = 58,86 > 1,5 vy bo v p ng yu cu


Bo v so lch
+ c tnh tc ng ca bo v so lch.
( hnh v)
on a : biu th gi tr dng in khi ng ca bo v , vi mi my bin p xem nh
hng s . Dng in ny thuc dng in t ha my bin p.
on b : on dc tnh c k n sai s bin i ca my bin dng , cc sai s ca bn
thn rowle do s iu chnh in p di ti ca my bin p to nn.
on c : on c tnh co tnh in chc nng kha bo v khi xut hin hin tng bo
ha khng ging nhau cc my bin dng .
on d : L gi tr dng in ngng cao ca bo v so lch . Khi dng so lch vt qu
ngng cao ny , lnh tc ng c trin khai .
+ Cc thong s cn chnh nh cho bo v r le 7Ut513.
- Ngng tc ng cp 1 ( Isl).
Ngng tc ng on a ca c tnh tc ng biu th dng khi ng (i dif ) min ca
bo v khi xt n dng khng cn bng c nh qua r le trong ch lm vic bnh
thng .
Dng khng cn bng sinh ra do dng t ha gii hn iu chnh u phnp v sai s
ca bi l Idif = ( 0,3 0,5 ).Idmba.
dc on c tinh b m bo cho r le lm vic tin cy trong trng hp c dng
khng cn bng do sai s cua BI , do s thay i u phn p ca my bin p .
dc on dc tnh c xc nh theo ln gc tg1 m theo nh sn sut khi
dc l 0,25 cho php thay i u phn p ca my bin p ti 20%.
dc ng c tnh c : on ny c c tnh hm ln , nhm m bo cho r le lm
vic trong iu kin dng khng cn bng ln , Bi b khi c ngn mach ngoi .
dc on c tnh c xc nh theo ln ca gc tg2
Ngng tc ng cp 2 ( Isl>>).
Khi dng so lch t n mc ny ( on d ) th r le tc ng ngay lp tc khng k dng
hm.
Ngng ny c chnh nh mc Idff = (1/un%).Idmba.
+ Cc thong s c chnh nh so lch .
- ngng khi ng c hm ca dng in so lch .
Idif 0,5
- ngng khi ng khng hm ca dng in so lch .
Idif 7,2
H s c hm tg1
= 0,25
- im c s ca nhnh c tnh c.
Ics = 2,5
43

n thit k trm bin p trung gian


H s c hm tg2 = 0,5
- Ngng thay i h s hm th nht .
Isl >

Nhm 1, lp KTA-K52

0,5

I*h1 = k = 0, 25 = 2
h
- Ngng thay i h s hm th hai .
I*h2 =

Ics .tg 2
2,5.0,5
=
=5.
tg 2 -tg1
0,5 0, 25

Ngng thay i h s hm th ba.


Idiff >>

7, 2

I*h3 = tg + Ics = 0,5 + 2,5 = 16,9


2

44

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