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HIROCACBON NO ANKAN ( hay parafin)

1. B tc phn ng : a) Al4C3 metan metylclorua metylenclorua clorofom tetraclometan. b) Axit axetic natraxetat metan metylclorua etan etilen. c) butan etan etylclorua butan propen propan. 2. c tn _ vit CTCT _ ng phn. a) Vit cc cng thc cc cht sau: 1. 4_ etyl_3,3_ dimetylhexan 2. 1_brom_2_clo_ 3_metylpentan 3. 1,2_ diclo_1_metylxiclohexan b) c tn quc t cc cht sau: 1. CH3 CH(CH3) CH2 CH3 2. CH3 CH2 C(CH3)3 3. CH3 CHBr CH2 CH(C2H5) CH3 3. Vit CTCT v cc ng phn v c tn quc t cc cht c CTPT sau y: 1. C5H12 2. C6H14 3. C7H16 4. C3H7Cl 5. C3H6Cl2 4. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to c th c v gi tn theo danh php quc t cc ankan trong mi trng hp sau: Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 1

Trng THPT Trn Ph a) T khi hi so vi hiro bng 36 b) Cng thc n gin nht l C2H5

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c) t chy hon ton 1 lit ankan sinh ra 2 lit CO 2 (V kh o cng iu kin v t0C v p). d) t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon (A) thu c 17,6 gam CO2 v 9 gam H2O. e) t chy hon ton mt ankan (B) vi lng O2 va th thy tng s mol trc v sauphn ng bng nhau. Xc nh CTPT ca B. f) t chy hon ton 0,86 gam ankan X th cn va 3,04 gam oxi. g) Mt ankan F c C% = 80%. h) t chy hon ton hirocacbon G sn phm ln lc cho qua bnh ng P2O5 v Ca(OH)2 lm khi lng cc bnh ny ln lc tng 0,9 gam v 1,76 gam. 5. Mt ankan (A) c thnh phn nguyn t: %C = 84,21; %H = 15,79; t khi hi so vi khng kh bng 3,93. a) Xc nh cng thc phn t ca ankan. Hy vit cng thc cu to v gi tn. b) Tnh thnh phn th tch ca hn hp gm hi ankan v khng kh c kh nng n mnh nht. c) Nu cho n 100 lit hn hp trn th c bao nhiu lt CO2 (cc V kh c o cng k). Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 2

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6. t chy hon ton 5,6 lt xicloankan Y thu c 16,8 lt kh CO2. Tm CTPT ca Y, cc kh o ktc. 7. t chy hon ton 1,16 gam mt ankan (Y). Dn ton b sn phm chy i qua bnh ng dung dch nc vi trong d thu c 8 gam kt ta. Xc nh CTPT ca ankan . 8. t chy 3 lit hn hp hai parafin (ktc) l ng ng lin tip nhau v cho sn phm ln lc qua bnh I ng CaCl2 khan v bnh II ng dung dch KOH c. Sau khi kt thhc th nghim thy khi lng bnh I tng 6,43 gam bnh II tng 9,82 gam . Xc nh CTPT ca cc parafin v tnh thnh phn phn trm cc cht . 9. t chy hon ton 19,2 gam hn hp X gm hai ankan k cn thu c 14.56 lit CO2 o 00C v 2 atm. a) Tnh th tch ca hn hp hai ankan . b) Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca hai ankan. 10. Mt hn hp A gm hai ankan l ng ng k tip nhau c khi lng 10,2 gam. t chy hon ton hn hp A cn 36,8 gam oxi . a) Tnh khi lng CO2 v H2O to thnh. b) Tm CTPT ca hai ankan.

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HIROCACBON KHNG NO ANKEN (hay olefin)

1. Vit cng thc cu to ca cc ng phn v v tr cc lin kt i v v mch cacbon ca cc anken c cng thc phn t : C4H8 , C5H10. Gi tn cc ng phn theo danh php quc t. 2. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng ; a) CH2 = CH2 + HBr b) CH2 = CH2 + CH3 CH2 OH
H SO c) CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH
2 4

H SO d) CH3 CH CH2 CH3

2 4

OH 3. Vit phng trnh phn ng biu din bin ho sau : a) Hexan butan etilen etylclorua etlen polietilen. b) C3H7OH C3H6 C3H8 C2H4 C2H4(OH)2 c) canxicacbua axetilen etilen etanol d) CnH2n + 2 CnH2n CnH2nBr2 CnH2n CnH2n(OH)2 4. Phn ng trng hp l g ? Gia phn ng trng hp v phn ng cng c g ging nhau c g khc nhau ? Vit s tm tc phn ng trng hp ca mi cht sau : a) CH2 = CH2 ; b) CH2 = CHCl ; c) CH2 = C(CH3)2 d) CF2 = CF2

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5. Nhng hp cht no di y c th c ng phn cis trans ? Vit cng thc cu to v ng phn ca n: CH3CH = CH2 ; CH3CH = CHCl ; CH3CH = C(CH3)2 CH3 CH2 C(CH3) = C(CH3) CH2 CH3; CH3 CH2 C(CH3) = CHCl 6. t chy hon ton 0,25 mol kh A thu c 33 gam CO2 v 13,5 gam hi nc. a) Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A bit rng ktc khi lng ring ca A l 1,875 gam/lt. b) Tm khi lng dung dch KMnO4 40% b mt mu va bi lng cht A trn. 7. Mt hn hp X gm hai olefin ng ng k tip nhau c th tch 17,92 lt (o 00C v 2,5 atm) sc qua bnh cha dung dch Br2 d, khi lng bnh tng ln 70 gam. a) Xc nh CTPT v vit cng thc cu to ca hai olefin . b) Tnh phn trm s mol hn hp X. c) t chy hon ton th tch trn ca hn hp X ri cho sn phm vo 5 lt dung dch NaOH 1,8 M s thu c mui g, bao nhiu gam ? 8. 0,2 mol hn hp kh X gm etan , propan, propen sc qua nc brm d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 4,2 gam. Lng kh cn li em t chy hon ton thu c mt lng CO 2 l a gam v 6,48 gam H2O . Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 5

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a) Tnh lng kh CO2 (a gam) v thnh phn % th tch mi kh trong hn hp X b) Dn ton b kh trn qua 400ml dung dch KOH 2,6M. Hy xc nh CM ca cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng. 9. A v B l hai anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng . Cho 13,44 lt hn hp trn qua mt bnh ng dung dch brm d thy bnh tng 28 gam. a) Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to ca hai anken . b) Cho hn hp hai anken tc dng vi HCl th thu c ti a 3 sn phm. Xc nh cng thc cu to ng ca hai anken v gi tn chng. 10. Cho 2,24 lt hn hp kh A o ktc gm etan v propan v propilen sc qua dung dch brom d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 2,1 gam. Nu t chy kh cn li s thu c mt lng CO2 v 3,24 gam H2O. a) Tnh thnh phn % mi kh trong hn hp b) Dn ton b kh trn qua 200 ml dung dch KOH 2,6M. Hy xc nh CM ca cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng . 11. Ngi ta mun iu ch 21 gam etilen: a) Tnh lng ru etylic (C2H5OH) nguyn cht cn dng, nu hiu sut l 100%. b) Tnh th tch etan ( ktc) cn dng, nu hiu sut l 80%. Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 6

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ANKADIEN
1. Ankadien l g ? Vit cng thc cu to ca cc ankadien c cng thc phn t sau: C4H6, C5H8. 2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng gia cc cht sau y theo t l s mol 1 : 1 a) Buta-1,3-dien v clo b) Buta-1,3-dien v HCl c) Isopren v brm. 3. Vit phng trnh phn ng biu din chui bin ho sau vi iu kin: a) Tinh bt glucoz ancol etylic Buta-1,3-ien cao su buna b) vi vi sng canxicacbua axetilen vinyl axetilen cloropren cao su cloropren 4. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch : a) Caosu buna t tinh bt. b) Caosu clopren t metan. 5. B tc cc phng trnh phn ng, gi tn cc sn phm (A)
600
C
0

(B) + (C)
?

(C) + H2O (D)

? ?

(D)

(E) + (F) + H2O

? ?

(E) + (F)

(A) Page 7

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? ?

Ho hc 11

cao su buna
? ?

(B) + (F)

(C)

6. t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X th kh thu c 0,14 mol CO2 v 1,89 gam H2O. a) Tm cng thc thc nghim ca X b) Xc nh CTPT, vit cng thc cu to v gi tn X bit rng X trng hp to cao su. c) Vit phng trnh phn ng gia X vi HBr theo t l mol 1 : 1 gi tn sn phm .

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ANKIN
1. Ankin l g ? vit cng thc cu to thu gn v gi tn cc ankin c cng thc : a) C3H4 a) H2 (xc tc Pd) c) HCl b) C4H6 c) C5H8 2. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra gia propin v cc cht sau : b) dung dch nc Br2 d) dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d

3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng biu din bin ho : a) Propan metan axetilen vinyl axetilen butan etilen etylenglicol b) Etan etyl clorua ancol etylic divinyl butan metan axtilen benzen c) CaCO3 CaO CaC2 C2H2 axit oxalic caxi oxalat P.E etilen Bc axetilua axetlen

4. Vit cng thc cu to ca cc ng phn C4H6, C5H8. 5. Nhng cht no l ng ng ? l ng phn ca nhau. a) HC

CH

c) CH3 CH2 C e) CH3 C 6. iu ch :

C CH

CH
3

b) CH2 = C = CH2 d) CH3 C

CH

f) CH2 = C(CH3) CH = CH2

a) PE, PP, PVA t metan

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Trng THPT Trn Ph b) Cao su buna , cao su isopren t metan. 7. Nhn bit cc ho cht sau : a) Kh metan , etilen , axetilen b) Butan , but-1- en, but-1- in, but-1- in. c) Propen , axetilen , buta-1,3- ien ; metan 8. Tinh ch: a) Etilen c ln axetilen. b) Etilen c ln metan , axetilen. c) Axetilen c ln propan ,but-1- en. 9. Tch ri tng cht sau y ra khi hn hp : a) Metan, etilen, axetilen. 3 bnh khc nhau.

Ho hc 11

b) But-1- in, but-2-in, butan

10. Butadien, axetilen v etan u l cht kh khng mu, ng trong a) Phn bit 3 cht bng phng php ho hc. b) C th phn bit 3 cht bng cch t chy v quan st ngn la khng ? Ti sao. c) C th so snh V oxi cn dng cho phn ng t chy phn bit chng c khng ? 11. t chy hon ton mt hn hp gm 20 cm3 mt hirocacbon (A) v 160 cm3 oxi trong mt kh nhin k. Sau khi lm lnh hn hp cn 130 cm3 trong c 80 cm3 b hp th bi KOH cn li l oxi d

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a) Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca A bit rng A tc dng vi AgNO3 trong NH3 d to kt ta. b) Tnh lng kt ta to ra khi cho 10,8 gam cht A tc dng vi lng d AgNO3/dung dch NH3. 12. Chia hn hp kh etilen v axetilen thnh hai phn bng nhau. Mt phn cho i qua nc brm thy khi lng bnh tng ln 0,68 gam. Mt phn em t chy hon ton thy tn ht 1,568 lt oxi ( ktc). a) Tnh thnh phn % mi kh trong hn hp ban u b) Tnh t khi hn hp kh ban u so vi oxi 13. Mt hn hp gm axetilen, propilen v metan t chy hon ton 11 gam hn hp th th 12,6 gam nc. Mt khc 5,6 lt hn hp ( ktc) phn ng vi dung dch cha 50 gam brm. Xc nh thnh phn % th tch hn hp u.

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HIROCACBON THM
1. Bng phn ng ho hc hy chng minh benzen va l hirocacbon no va l hirocacbon khng no ? 2. Cho bit nh hng qua li gia nhn v nhm th trong phn t toluen. Vit phng trnh minh ho. 3. Vit phng trnh phn ng biu din bin ho sau : C2H5COONa C4H10 CH4 C2H2 C6H6 TNB 666 4. iu ch : a) Thuc tr su t kh thin nhin (CH4). b) Thuc n TNB v TNT t CH4. 5. Nhn bit cc ho cht ng trong cc l mt nhn: Benzen, toluen, stiren 6. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca cc hirocacbon sau: a) t chy hon ton 2,12 gam A thu c 7,04 gam CO 2, 1,8 gam H2O. T khi hi ca A so vi khng kh l 3,65. b) t chy hon ton 1,12 gam B thu c 3,7 gam CO2, 1 gam H2O. T khi hi ca B so vi khng kh l 4. 7. t mt hirocacbon A thu c 0,396 gam CO2 v 0,108 gam H2O. a) Tm cng thc nguyn ca A. Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 12 C6H5CH3 TNT C6H6 C6H5COONa C6H5COOH

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b) Trng hp 3 phn t A thu c B l ng ng ca benzen. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A v B. 8. Phn tch hai hp cht hu c A v B thy chng u c %C = 92,3% ; %H = 7,7%. T khi ca A i vi H2 bng 13. ktc khi lng hi ca mt lt cht B l 3,48 gam. a) Vit cng thc phn t ca A v B. b) Vit cng thc cu to ng ca A, B bit rng iu kin thch hp A c th to thnh B. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho. 9. Mt hirocacbon A th lng c t khi hi so vi khng kh bng 2,69. a) t chy A thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l khi lng l 4,5 : 1. Tm cng thc phn t ca A. b) Cho A tc dng vi brm theo t l 1 : 1 c bt st thu c B v kh C. Kh C c hp th bi 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,5M. trung ho NaOH d cn 0,5 lt HCl 1M. Tnh khi lng A phn ng v khi lng B to thnh.

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DN XUT HALOGEN ANCOL PHENOL ANCOL

1. nh ngha nhm chc l g ? Cho 3 v d v nhm chc. 2. Th no l hp cht n chc, a chc ? Cho v d minh ha. 3. Th no l ancol bc I , II , III. Vit cng thc cu to, gi tn cc ancol ng vi cng thc: C3H8O, C4H10O, C5H12O v ch r ng phn no thuc ancol bc I , II , III. 4. Trnh by tnh cht ho hc c bn ca ancol etylic. 5. Vit phng trnh phn ng thc hin dy chuyn ha sau : a) CH4C2H2C2H4C2H5OHC2H5ONaC2H5OHC2H5Cl b) Tinh bt glucozo ancol etylic Buta-1,3- dien Caosu Buna 6. T Metan vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch cc cht sau : a) ancol metylic nc cc ru sau : a) Etanol c) Butan-2-ol d) Propan-2-ol. e) 2- metyl propan-2-ol. b) 3- metyl butan-2- ol. b) ancol etylic 7. Pht biu qui tc Zaixep , vit cc phng trnh phn ng tch

8. Cho 11 gam hn hp metanol, etanol tc dng vi Natri d ta thu c 3,36 lt H2 (ktc). Tnh thnh phn % mi ancol.

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9. Cho 16,6 gam hn hp ancol etylic v ancol propylic tc dng vi Natri d ta thu c 3,36 lt H2 (ktc). Tnh thnh phn % mi ancol. 10. Ancol etylic si 78,30C, dimetyl ete si -23,70C. Gii thch v sao hai cht u c cng cng thc C 2H6O nhng li c nhit si chnh lch nhau nhiu nh th ? 11. Gii thch ti sao ancol etylic tan v hn trong nc. 12. Pht biu qui tc Maccopnhicop ? Khi cc anken di y hp nc (c axt xt) sn phm chnh l g, vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha v gi tn sn phm . 13. Khi t chy 1,5 gam cht hu c A ta thu c 3,3 gam CO 2 v 1,8 gam H2O. Nu lm bay hi 0,75 gam cht A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch 0,4 gam oxi cng iu kin a) Xc nh CTPT ca cht A. b) Vit tt cc cc cng thc cu to c th c ca A v gi tn. 14. Cho 6,9 gam hn hp ancol metylic v ng ng A phn ng vi Natri d thu c 1,68 lt H2 (ktc). a) Tnh tng s mol ca 2 ancol trong hn hp. b) Tm CTPT A, bit s mol 2 ancol trong hn hp bng nhau. 15. Cho m gam hn hp ng mol 2 ancol n chc no kt tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi Na th thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc t chy m gam hn hp trn thu c 22 gam CO2. Xc nh CTPT ca 2 ancol v tnh m. Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 15

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16. Cho 25,8 gam hn hp hai ancol no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng phn ng vi Na d thu c 5,6 lt kh H2 (ktc). nh CTPT 2 ancol v khi lng mi ancol. 17. t chy hon ton 1,85 gam mt ancol A no n chc cn dng va ht 3,36 lt kh oxi (ktc). Xc nh CTPT, CTCT v gi tn cc ng phn ca A. Cho bit bc ancol. 18. Cho 38 gam 2 ancol no n chc A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi Natri d thu c 8,4 lt H2 (ktc). Nu t chy hon ton cng lng hn hp trn ri cho ton b sn phm qua nc vi trong c d thu c m gam kt ta. a) Xc nh CTPT v khi lng ca A, B. b) Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c. 19. Cho 5,3 gam hn hp A gm 2 ancol no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi Natri d r cho ton b kh H2 sinh ra qua CuO nung nng th thu c 0,9 gam H2O. Nu t chy hon ton 1,06 gam hn hp a ri cho kh thot ra vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 5 gam kt ta. a) Tm CTPT, CTCT ca 2 ancol. b) Tnh % khi lng 2 ancol trong hn hp A. 20. iu ch C2H2 ta un nng C2H5OH 950 vi H2SO4/1700C. a) Tnh th tch ancol cn thit iu ch 5,6 lt etilen (ktc). Bit h = 60%, khi lng ring ca ancol 0,8 gam/ml.

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b) Tnh khi lng ete sinh ra khi dun nng cng lng th tch ancol nh trn nhit 1400C vi H2SO4 c, hiu sut phn ng 60%.

PHENOL
1. So snh tnh cht ho hc ca ru etylic vi phenol. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha. 2. a) So snh ancol thm v phenol v mt cu to. b) Vit cc cng thc cu to ca cc hp cht thm c c cng thc phn t C7H8O. Gi tn tng cht v cho bit mi cht thuc loi cht no ? c) Trong cc cht cht no tc dng c vi Na, vi NaOH ? d) Chng minh rng trong phn t phenol nhm C6H5- v nhm OH c nh hng qua li ln nhau. 3. Gii thch ti sao dung dch phenol c, khi cho dung dch NaOH vo n tr thnh trong sut, tip tc thm CO2 vo n c tr li. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha. 4. Hon thnh s sau y di dng CTCT thu gn:
NaOH, t C +HCl CH4 Axetilen benzen A B d + HNO3 phenol C 1:3
0

5. Cho 20,2 gam hn hp A gm ancol thm n chc v phenol tc dng vi Natri d thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc cng Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 17

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cho hn hp trn phn ng vi dung dch dung dch NaOH th cn ht 50 ml dung dch NaOH 2M a) Tnh khi lng mi cht trong A. b) Xc nh CTPT ca ancol thm. 6. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng sau : X + NaOH A + Na2CO3 E + NaOH F + G + H2O A

t0

B + H2

F + HCl P + G
600 C B D than hoat tnh
0

P + HNO3 C6H2 (OH)(NO2)3

t C D + Cl2 E + HCl Fe
0

H 2S O4

Bit X ch cha 2 nguyn t C trong phn t. Xc nh cc cht X , A , B , C , E , F , G , D. 7. Mt hn hp gm ancol metylic, ancol etylic v phenol c khi lng 28,9 gam c chia thnh hai phn bng nhau: Phn I cho tc dng vi Na d sau phn ng thu c 2,806 lt kh H2 o 270C p sut 750mmHg. Phn II phn ng ht vi 100 mol dung dch NaOH 1M a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra b) Tnh thnh phn % cc cht c trong hn hp Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 18

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8. 0,54 gam mt ng ng ca phenol X n chc c trung ha bi 10 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. nh CTPT, CTCT c th c ca X.

ANDEHIT XETON AXIT CACBOXYLIC ANDEHIT XETON

1. V sao ni Andehit l cht trung gian gia ancol bc I v axt hu c ? Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho. 2. Vit cc CTCT ca cc andehit ng phn c cng cng thc phn t C5H10O, v gi tn quc t. 3. Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit cc cht sau: a) Benzen , metanol , phenol , andehit fomic. b) Phenol , ancol etylic , axt fomic , axt axetic c) Metanol , metanal , phenol 4. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng thc hin dy chuyn ho : a) C4H10
Crac,t A
o

[ HO B O ] C 2

A g3O CH3COOH N

b) C2H5COONa C2H6 C2H4 C2H5OH CH3CHO CH3COOH CH3COONa CH4 C2H2 CH3CHO CH3CH2OH buta-1,3-dien c) Axeton ancol isopropylic propen alylclorua ru alylic andehit acrylic. 5. Hon tt phng trnh theo s : Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 19

Trng THPT Trn Ph A + AgNO3 B + NaOH D + NaOH E + Cl2 X + NaOH

N H3

Ho hc 11 B + C + Ag

D +
CaO,t
a s'
o

H2O + NH3 E + Na2CO3

+ HCl

C2H5OH + G

6. Cho 4,5 gam hn hp etanol, etanal tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 thu c 10,8 gam kt ta. Xc nh thnh phn % cc cht c trong hn hp. 7. Cho 4 gam hn hp andehit axetic v andehit propionic tc dng vi lng d AgNO3/NH3 v un nh thy sinh ra 16,2 gam Ag. Tnh khi lng mi andehit c trong hn hp ban u v thnh phn % v khi lng ca chng. 8. Chia 23,4 gam hn hp ancol etylic v ancol metylic thnh hai phn, phn 1 bng 1/2 phn 2: t chy hon ton phn 1 ri cho sn phm qua nc vi trong d thu c 30 gam kt ta. Tnh khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp ban u. Phn 2 em oxi ho hon ton thnh andehit, sau ly sn phm em thc hin phn ng trng gng. Vit phng trnh phn ng v tnh khi lng kt ta Ag to thnh . 9. C 100 gam dung dch 22% mt andehit no n chc (ddA) thm vo dung dch A 29 gam mt ng ng k tip B ta c dung

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dch C. Ly 1/10 dung dch C ri thc hin phn ng trng gng th c 21,6 gam bc sinh ra. Phn ng xem nh hon ton. a) Tnh C% cc cht c trong dung dch C. b) Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca hai andehit. 10. t 0,175 gam hp cht hu c B ta c 0,224 lit CO2 ktc v 0,135 gam H2O. T khi hi ca B so vi H2 l 35. a) nh CTPT, CTCT c th c ca B. b) Cho 0,35 gam B tc dng vi H2 c mt Ni xc tc ta c 0,296 gam 2_metyl propan-1-ol. Xc nh cng thc ng v hiu sut phn ng. 11. a) 1,72 gam hn hp andehit acrylic v andehit axetic tham gia phn ng cng va vi 1,12 lt kh H2 ktc. Tnh s gam mi andehit c trong hn hp ban u b) Cho thm 0,696 gam andehit B l ng ng ca andehit fomic vo 1,72 gam hn hp trn ri thc hin phn ng trng gng thu c 10,152 gam Ag. Tm CTCT ca B. 12. t chy hon ton 1,72 gam hn hp andehit acrylic v mt andehit n chc no (A) ht 2,296 lt oxi ktc. Cho ton b sn phm chy hp th vo dung dch nc vi trong d c 8,5 gam kt ta a) Xc nh CTPT ca A b) Tnh s gam mi andehit ban u v khi lng nc thu c sau khi t. Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 21

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13. Cho hp cht hu c X (cha C, H , O v mt loi nhm chc). Xc nh CTPT ca X bit 5,8 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d to ra 43,2 gam Ag. Mt khc 0,1 mol X sau khi hyro ho hon ton th phn ng vi 4,6 gam Natri.

AXIT CACBOXYLIC
1. Vit cc ng phn v gi tn quc t cc axt c cng thc phn t sau: C4H8O2, C5H10O2. 2. Vit CTCTcc axt c tn gi sau : a) Axt 2_Clo_ 3_etyl_3,4,4_trimetyl pentanoic b) Axt 4_ hiroxi_5_ metyl hexanoic 3. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi cho dung dch Natri phenolat , Natri axetat ln lt tc dng vi CO2, dung dch axt HCl. Gii thch v cho bit hin tng. 4. Phn bit cc l mt nhn ng cc dung dch sau: a) Axt fomic, axit axetic, axt acrylic, ru etylic, etanal b) ru etylic, metyl amin, axt axetic, dung dch formon. c) ru CH3OH, andehit HCHO, axt HCOOH 5. trung ha 7,4 gam hn hp hai axt hu c ng ng ca axt fomic c s mol bng nhau cn dng 200 ml dd NaOH 0,5M. a) Xc nh CTCT ca hai axt trong hn hp. b) Nu c cn dung dch trung ha th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan.

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6. 3,15 gam hn hp (axt acrylic, axt axetic, axt propionic) lm mt mu hon ton dung dch cha 3,2 gam brom. trung ha hon ton 3,15 gam hn hp trn cn dng 90 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Tnh thnh phn % khi lng mi cht c trong hn hp ban u. 7. xc nh thnh phn % ca mi cht trong hn hp X ch cha ru etylic v axt propionic, ngi ta ln lt lm cc th nghim sau: Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng ht vi Na kim loi thu c 1,68 lt H2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X , sn phm chy dn qua bnh ng Ca(OH)2 d thu c 40 gam kt ta. a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh m. b) Tnh % khi lng mi cht trong hn hp X l bao nhiu. 8. trung ho 14,8 gam hn hp hai axt n chc no c s mol bng nhau cn dng 400 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. a) Tnh s mol mi axt trong hn hp. b) C cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan. c) Xc nh CTPT ca hai axt. 9. Trung ho 3,88 gam hn hp hai axt no n chc bng mt lng dung dch NaOH va . Sau c cn dung dch c 5,2 gam mui khan. Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 23

Trng THPT Trn Ph a) Tnh tng s mol hai axt trong hn hp.

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b) Cn bao nhiu lt oxi (ktc) t chy hon ton 1,94 gam hn hp hai axt trn 10. Mt hn hp X gm hai axt n chc no k tip nhau v H2O. Cho hn hp tc dng vi Na d thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc). Nu t chy hon ton hn hp trn ri dn hn hp sau phn ng qua bnh I cha CaCl2 khan v bnh II cha KOH. Sau th nghim khi lng bnh I tng 1,08 gam bnh II tng 2,2 gam. a) Tm CTPT, vit cc CTCT v gi tn b) Tnh % khi lng mi cht trong hn hp. 11. Cho axt H2SO4 long tc dng t t vi hn hp gm hai mui Natri ca hai axt hu c k tip nhau trong dy ng ng ta c hn hp hai axt n chc tng ng A,B. Ho tan 10 gam hn hp A, B vo 100 ml dung dch K2CO3 1M. trung ho lng K2CO3 cn tha phi dng 50 ml dung dch axt HCl 0,2M a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra b) Tm CTPT v tnh % khi lng mi axt trong hn hp. ( hiu sut 100%) 12. Chia 12 gam hn hp X gm ru etylic v mt axt cacboxylic no n chc A thnh hai phn bng nhau: Phn 1: tc dng ht Na kim loi thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Phn 2: t chy hon ton thu c 11 gam CO2. a) Vit v cn bng cc phn ng xy ra. Nm hc 2010 2011 Page 24

Trng THPT Trn Ph b) Xc nh CTCT ca axt A ? c tn.

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c) Nu un nng lng hn hp X ban u vi H 2SO4 m c lm xc tc s thu c bao nhiu gam este ? Bit hiu sut este ho l 70%. (Ti liu lu hnh ni b)

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