Tit t chn : 03

n tp l thuyt v thnh phn nguyn t nguyn t ha hc , ng v.

Tun : 03 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - n tp v thnh phn nguyn t, nguyn t ho hc, ng v, cu to v nguyn t. - Nm c cch xc nh thnh phn nguyn t, cng thc tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Gv t cu hi n tp l thuyt. * H 1: Hc sinh tr li. 1. Nu thnh phn cu to ca nguyn t? 1. Nguyn t c cu to 2 phn: - V : gm cc ht e mang in m. - Ht nhn : gm cc ht p mang in dng v cc ht n khng mang in. 2. Nu in tch v khi lng ca cc ht 2. trong nguyn t? Ht e Ht p Ht n in q e = q p = 1+ qe=0 tch 19,1.10-31 1,67.1!Unexpected 1,67.10-27 K End of Formula0- kg 27 lng kg kg 3. in tch ht nhn l g? Mi quan h gia s v in tch ht nhn vi s p, s e? 3. 1p c in tch 1+, ht nhn c Z proton th in tch ht nhn l Z+ S v thn = s e = s p 4. Nguyn t ho hc l g? 4. Nguyn t ho hc l nhng nguyn t cng in tch ht nhn. 5. Nhng nguyn t no sau y thuc c 14 5. 7A, 167C thuc 1 nguyn t do Z = 7 cng mt nguyn t ho hc? 16 17 18 14 16 16 17 20 18 8B, 8D, 8F thuc 1 nguyn t do Z = 8 7A, 8B, 7C, 8D, 10E, 8F 6. S khi l g? 6. A = Z + N 7. ng v l g? 7. ng v l nhng nguyn t thuc mt nguyn t ho hc c cng s p, khc nhau n 8. Nhng nguyn t no trn l ng v? s 14 nn s A cng khc nhau. 8. 7A, 167C l ng v 16 17 18 8B, 8D, 8F l ng v 9. Nguyn t kh l g? 9. Nguyn t khi l khi lng tng i Gio n t chn 10 c bn

a. X + b.Y + ... 10. Cng thc tnh nguyn t khi trung 10. A = 100 bnh? 41 11. % K = 100 (93,08 + 0,012) = 6,098 11. Tm nguyn t khi trung bnh ca K A = 93, 08.39 + 0, 012.40 + 6, 098.41 = 38,81 K 100 bit K c 3 ng v : 39K ( 93,08%), 40K 12. cu to bi cc e chuyn ng rt nhanh (0,012%) v 41K. khng theo qu o xc nh. Cc e sp xp 12. V nguyn t c cu to nh th no? theo mc nng lng t thp n cao. 13. - C 7 lp e 13. C my lp e, my phn lp. K hiu K hiu cc lp : n = 1,2,3,4 Tn gi : K,L, M, N, O, cc lp, cc phn lp. - C 4 phn lp : s, p, d, f 14. S e ti a trong mi phn lp: 14. Cho bit s e ti a trong mi phn lp, Phn mi lp? s p d f lp S e 2 6 10 14 ti a

ca nguyn t tnh bng u, cho bit khi lng ca nguyn t nng gp bao nhiu ln n v khi lng nguyn t.

S e ti a trong mi lp: Lp e S e ti a 1 2 2 8 3 18 4 32

* Hot ng 2 : Hs lng nghe, ghi bi tp * Hot ng 2 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra v nh. bi tp v nh. Bi tp 1: Tm % s nguyn t ca 79Br v 81 Br. Bit Br ch c 2 ng v v ABr = 79,91 Bi tp 2: Tng s cc loi ht trong nguyn t nguyn t D l 94. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 22 ht. Vit k hiu nguyn t D. D c bao nhiu lp e, s e ti a trong mi lp. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: Gio n t chn 10 c bn

n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : 04

n tp l thuyt v:cu hnh electron v c im lp electron ngoi cng.

Tun : 04 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - n tp th t cc mc nng lng trong nguyn t, cu hnh e, c im lp e ngoi cng. - K nng vit cu hnh e, xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca nguyn t da vo c im ca lp e ngoi cng. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Gv t cu hi n tp l thuyt. * H 1: Hc sinh tr li. 1. Cho bit th t sp xp cc mc nng 1. Cc e trong nguyn t sp xp theo chiu lng trong nguyn t? tng mc nng lng t thp n cao, t trong ra ngoi. M nng lng ca cc lp tng theo th t t 1-> 7, ca cc phn lp t s-> p-> d-> f. 2. Quy c cch vit cu hnh e nh th 2. Lp e ghi bng ch s 1,2,3 no? - Phn lp e ghi bng ch ci thng : s, p.. - S e trn mi phn lp ghi bng ch s pha trn bn phi phn lp 3. Cc bc tin hnh vit cu hnh e? 3. C 3 bc : - Xc nh s e trong nguyn t - Phn b cc e vo cc phn lp theo chiu tng mc nng lng trong nguyn t, m bo s e ti a trong mi phn lp, mi lp 4. c c cu hnh e bn th cc e phn - Sp xp cc e vo cc phn lp thuc cc b vo cc lp thuc cc lp khc nhau lp khc nhau. m bo phn lp t mc bo ho hoc bn bo ho. 5. Nu c im ca lp e ngoi cng? 5. Nguyn t c 8e hoc 2e ngoi cng thuc nguyn t kh him. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

* Hot ng 2: Gv ra bi tp

- Nguyn t c 1,2,3e ngoi cng thuc nguyn t kim loi. - Nguyn t c 5,6,7e ngoi cng thuc nguyn t phi kim. - Nguyn t c 4e ngoi cng thuc nguyn t kim loi (chu k ln) hoc nguyn t phi kim ( chu k nh) * Hot ng 2 : Hs lm bi tp

1. Vit cu hnh e ca cc nguyn t c Z = 1. 17, 18, 14,20. Z = 17: 1s22s22p63s23p5 Z = 18 : 1s22s22p63s23p6 Z = 14 : 1s22s22p63s23p2 Z = 20 : 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 2. Cho bit nguyn t no l kim loi, phi 2. kim, kh him ? V sao? Z = 17 : phi kim v c 7 e lp ngoi cng Z = 18 : kh him v c 8e lp ngoi cng Z = 14 : phi kim v c 4 e lp ngoi cng, thuc chu k nh. Z = 20 : kim loi v c 2 e lp ngoi cng 3. Tng s cc loi ht trong nguyn t 3. nguyn t D l 58. S ht khng mang in a) gi tng s ht e,p,n ln lt l E, Z, N nhiu hn s ht mang in dng l 1 ht. E + Z + N = 58 a) Vit k hiu nguyn t D M E = Z => 2Z + N = 58 (1) b) Vit cu hnh e ca D Ta li c : N Z = 1 (2) c) D l kim loi , phi kim hay kh him? T 1,2 => Z = 19 N = 20 A = Z + N = 19 + 20 = 39 K hiu : 3919D b) Z = 19 : 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 c) D l kim loi v c 1e lp ngoi cng. * Hot ng 3 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra * Hot ng 3: Hs lng nghe, ghi bi tp. bi tp v nh. Bi tp 1: Vit cu hnh e ca cc nguyn t c Z = 1 n Z = 35. Bi tp 2: Tng s cc loi ht trong nguyn t nguyn t D l 25. a) Vit k hiu nguyn t D. b) Vit cu hnh e ca D. c) Xc nh D l kim loi, phi kim hay kh him? V sao? Gio n t chn 10 c bn

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn : 07

Bi tp v bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc (tit 13 + 14)

Tun : 07 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Xc nh k nng xc nh thnh phn cu to ca nguyn t, k nng vit cu hnh e. - K nng vit cu hnh e, xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca nguyn t , xc nh STT, chu k. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hc sinh tr li. * H 1: Gv t cu hi n tp l thuyt. 1. 1. Vit cu hnh e ca Z = 12, 22. Z = 12 : 1s22s22p63s2 Z = 22 : 1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2 2. 3 nguyn tc: 2. Nu nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t - Cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu trong BTH? in tch ht nhn tng dn. - cc nguyn t c cng s lp e trong nguyn t c xp vo 1 hng. - cc nguyn t c cng s e ho tr nh 2. Quy c cch vit cu hnh e nh th nhau c xp vo cng 1 ct. no? 3. electron ho tr l nhng e c kh nng tham gia hnh thnh lin kt ho hc. 3. Electron ho tr l g? Xc nh nh th l nhng e lp ngoi cng hoc no? phn lp st lp ngoi cng nu phn lp cha bo ho. Vd : Z = 12 c 2 e ho tr Z = 22 c 4e ho tr ( 2e thuc 4s, 2e thuc 3d) 4. Chu k gm cc nguyn t c cng s lp e trong nguyn t. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

4. Th no l chu k? xc nh chu k nh STT chu k = s lp e th no? Vd : Z = 12 c 3 lp 3 => thuc chu k 3 Z = 22 c 4 lp e = > thuc chu k 4 5. Chu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 k 5. BTH c bao nhiu chu k? S lng mi S 2 8 8 18 18 32 Cha hon nt nguyn t trong cc chu k? thnh * H 2 : Hc sinh lm bi tp cng c. 1. Z = 15 : 1s22s22p63s23p3 * H 2 : Gv ra bi tp cng c STT = Z = 15 1. Vit cu hnh e ca Z = 15. Xc nh Chu k 3 v c 3 lp e. STT, chu k. 2. Gi tng s ht e,p,n ln lt l E, Z, N 2. Tng cc loi ht trong nguyn t E + Z + N = 52 nguyn t D l 52. Trong s ht khng M E = Z => 2Z + N = 52 (1) mang in bng 9/17 s ht mang in. 9 9 Ta li c : N = (E + Z) = 2Z (2) a) Vit k hiu nguyn t D. 17 17 b) Vit cu hnh e ca D. T 1,2 => Z = E = 17 c) Xc nh STT, chu k ca D trong BTH. N = 18 d) D l kim loi, phi kim hay kh him? A = Z + N = 17 + 18 = 35 a) K hiu nguyn t D : 3517D b) Cu hnh e : 1s22s22p63s23p5 c) Stt = Z = 17 Chu k 3 v c 3 lp e d) L phi kim v c 7 e lp ngoi cng. 3. Vit cu hnh e ca Z = 20, 24, 26. Xc 3. nh s e ho tr ca mi trng hp. Z = 20 : 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 C 2e ho tr ( thuc 4s). Z = 24 : 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1 C 6e ho tr ( thuc 3d(5e) + 4s(1e)) Z = 26 : 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 * Hot ng 3 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra C 8e ho tr ( thuc 3d(6e) + 4s(2e)) bi tp v nh. * Hot ng 3: Hs lng nghe, ghi bi tp. Bi tp 1: Vit cu hnh e ca cc nguyn t c Z = 15 n Z = 40. Xc nh s e ho tr trong mi trng hp Xc nh Stt, chu k trong mi trng hp. Bi tp 2: Tng s cc loi ht trong nguyn t nguyn t D l 115. Trong s ht khng mang in bng 9/14 s ht mang in. a) Vit k hiu nguyn t D. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

b) Vit cu hnh e ca D. c) Xc nh D l kim loi, phi kim hay kh him? V sao? d) Xc nh Stt, chu k, s e ho tr ca D IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : 08

n tp l thuyt v s bin i tun hon cu hnh electron v tnh cht.(tit 15 v 16)

Tun : 08 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c s bin i cu hnh e ca nguyn t cc nguyn t. - Cng c cch xc nh s e ho tr ca cc nguyn t nhm A. - Cng c tnh cht ca mt s nguyn t nhm A tiu biu. - Cng c quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim, m in ca cc nguyn t trong 1 chu k, 1 nhm A. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Gv t cu hi n tp l thuyt. * H 1: Hc sinh tr li. 1. Nu quy lut bin i cu hnh e ca 1. Cu hnh e ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t cc nguyn t?. nguyn t bin i tun hon khi in tch ht nhn tng dn. 2. S e ho tr ca cc nguyn t nhm A 2. S e ho tr ca cc nguyn t nhm A c xc nh nh th no? c xc nh bng STT ca nhm. Vd : cc nguyn t nhm IA c s e ho tr l 1. cc nguyn t nhm IIIA c s e ho tr l 3 3. Cc nguyn t nhm VIIIA: He, Ne, Ar, 3. Hy k tn cc nguyn t nhm VIIIA. Kr, Rn. Cc nguyn t ny c tham gia puhh Chng khng tham gia pu ho hc do c khng. V sao? cu hnh e bn vng ( 8 hoc 2e ngoi cng) Gio n t chn 10 c bn

4. Hy k tn cc nguyn t nhm IA. Cho bit khuynh hng ho hc c trng? Kim loi kim tc dng c vi nhng cht no?

5. Hy k tn cc nguyn t nhm VIIA. Cho bit khuynh hng ho hc c trng? 6. Nu quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim trong 1 chu k, 1 nhm A.

7. th no l m in? 8. m in c quan h nh th no vi tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim? 9. Quy lut bin i m in trong 1 chu k, 1 nhm A? * H 2 : Gv ra bi tp cng c 1. Vit cu hnh e ca Z = 15, 16,17. Xc nh tnh kim loi, phi kim, kh him. Sp xp theo chiu tng tnh kim loi hoc phi kim .

2. Sp xp cc nguyn t sau theo chiu tng dn tnh kim loi : 11Na, 19K, 13Al, 12Mg.

4. Cc nguyn t nhm IA: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs. C khuynh hng nhng e, th hin tnh kh mnh. Trong hp cht cc kim loi kim c ho tr 1. Tc dng vi H2O, phi kim. 5. Cc nguyn t nhm VIIA: F, Cl, Br, I C khuynh hng nhn e, th hin tnh oxi ho mnh. Tc dng vi kim loi, H2 6. Trong 1 chu k i t tri sang phi theo chiu tng Z+, tnh kim loi gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn. Trong 1 nhm A i t trn xung di theo chiu tng Z+, tnh kim loi tng dn, tnh phi kim gim dn. 7. m in ca 1 nguyn t c trng cho kh nng ht e ca nguyn t khi hnh thnh lin kt ho hc. 8. m in cng ln tnh phi kim cng ln, m in cng nh tnh kim loi cng mnh. 9. Trong 1 chu k i t tri sang phi m in tng dn. Trong 1 nhm A i t trn xung di m in gim dn. * H 2 : Hs nghin cu lm bi tp. 1. Z = 15 : 1s22s22p63s23p3 L phi kim v c 5 e lp ngoi cng. Z = 16 : 1s22s22p63s23p4 L phi kim v c 6 e lp ngoi cng. Z = 17 : 1s22s22p63s23p5 L phi kim v c 7 e lp ngoi cng. T Z = 15 -> Z = 16 -> Z = 17 : tnh phi kim tng dn. 2. Na, Mg, Al u thuc chu k 3. K thuc chu k 4 Na, K u thuc nhm IA. Vy t Al -> Mg -> Na -> K : tnh kim loi tng dn. Gio n

t chn 10 c bn

* Hot ng 3: Hs lng nghe, ghi bi tp. * Hot ng 3 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi tp v nh. Bi tp 1: Sp xp theo chiu tng tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t sau : 9F, 7N, 8O, 6C. Bi tp 2: Sp xp theo chiu tng dn m in ca cc nguyn t sau: 14Si, 16S, 8O, 17Cl, 9F. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : 09 Bi tp v

ngha ca bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc (tit 17v 18)

Tun : 09 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c quy lut bin i ho tr trong 1 chu k. - Cng c quy lut bin i tnh axit bazo ca cc oxit, hidroxit tng ng ca cc nguyn t nhm A. - Cng c quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim di dng bi tp. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Gv t cu hi n tp l thuyt. * H 1: Hc sinh tr li. 1. 1. Ho tr ca cc nguyn t nhm A c o tr ca cc nguyn t nhm A c xc xc nh da vo s e ho tr hay chnh l nh nh th no?. da vo STT ca nhm A. 2. Trong 1 chu k i t tri sang phi : 2. Ho tr ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht - Ho tr cao nht vi O ca cc nguyn t vi O, H bin i nh th no trong 1 chu tng ln lt t 1 -> 7. k? - Ho tr vi H ca phi kim gim ln lt t 4 -> 1. 3. Tng ho tr ca cc phi kim trong hp 3. Tng ho tr ca cc phi kim trong hp cht vi O, H l 8. cht vi O, H l bao nhiu? Vd : P c ho tr cao nht vi O l 5 => ho Gio n t chn 10 c bn

4. Tnh axit, baz ca cc oxit, hidroxit tng ng ca cc nguyn t bin i nh th no trong 1 chu k, 1 nhm A?

5. Pht biu ni dung nh lut tun hon.

* H 2 : Gv ra bi tp 1. Da vo quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim trong 1 chu k, 1 nhm A hy sp xp cc nguyn t sau theo chiu tng tnh kim loi? 12Mg, 14Si, 16S, 15P, 13Al, 17Cl, 11Na, 19K.

tr vi H l 8 5 = 3 4. Trong 1 chu k, tnh axit ca cc oxit, hidroxit tng ng ca cc nguyn t tng dn; tnh bazo ca cc oxit, hidroxit tng ng ca cc nguyn t gim dn. Trong 1 nhm A, tnh axit ca cc oxit, hidroxit tng ng ca cc nguyn t gim dn; tnh bazo ca cc oxit, hidroxit tng ng ca cc nguyn t tng dn. 5. Tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v n cht cng nh thnh phn v tnh cht ca cc hp cht to nn t cc nguyn t bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t * H 2 : Hs nghin cu lm bi tp. 1. 11Na, 12Mg, 13Al, 14Si, 15P, 16S, 17Cl : thuc chu k 3. tnh kim loi gim dn t tri sang phi. 11Na, 19K : thuc nhm IA. Tnh kim loi tng dn t Na -> K. 17Cl 16S 15P 14Si 13Al 12Mg 11Na 19K tnh kim loi tng dn

2. 2. Sp xp cc nguyn t sau theo chiu 19K 11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl tng dn m in : 12Mg, 14Si, 16S, 15P, m in tng dn 13Al, 17Cl, 11Na, 19K. 3. 3. Xc nh ho tr cao nht vi O, H ca + 16S : 1s22s22p63s23p4 cc nguyn t sau: 16S 15P 14Si .Vit cng Ho tr cao nht vi O l 6 => ho tr vi H thc oxit cao nht, cng thc hp cht vi l 8 6 = 2 H. Cng thc oxit cao nht : SO3 Cng thc hp cht vi H : H2S + 15P : 1s22s22p63s23p3 Ho tr cao nht vi O l 5 => ho tr vi H l 8 5 = 3 Cng thc oxit cao nht : P2O5 Cng thc hp cht vi H : PH3 + 14Si : 1s22s22p63s23p2 Ho tr cao nht vi O l 4 => ho tr vi H Gio n t chn 10 c bn

l 8 4 = 4 Cng thc oxit cao nht : SiO2 Cng thc hp cht vi H : SiH4 * Hot ng 3 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra * Hot ng 3: Hs lng nghe, ghi bi tp. bi tp v nh. Bi tp 1: Xc nh ho tr cao nht vi O, H ca cc nguyn t sau: 17Cl 7N 12Mg .Vit cng thc oxit cao nht, cng thc hp cht vi H. Bi tp 2: Sp xp theo chiu gim dn m in ca cc nguyn t sau: 14Si, 16S, 8O, 17Cl, 9F. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : 10 Bi tp v bng tun hon v s bin i tun

hon cu hnh electron-tnh cht

Tun : 10 Ngy son : 20/10/2008 Ngy dy : 24/10/2008 I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c mi quan h gia v tr v cu to nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ho hc. - Cng c mi quan h gia v tr v tnh cht ca nguyn t . - Cng c k nng xc nh cng thc oxit, hidroxit v tnh cht ca chng. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Bi tp 1. 3, nhm IIIA. * H 1: Hs lm bi tp 1. - Thuc nhm IIIA => c 3e ho tr ang c in phn lp 3s (2e)v 3p(1e). Cu hnh e: 1s22s22p63s23p1 Stt = 13 * H 2: Bi tp 2. * H 2: Hs lm bi tp 2. Gio n t chn 10 c bn Vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t thuc chu k - Nguyn t thuc chu k 3 => c 3 lp e

Cho nguyn t Cl c cu hnh e : a) Cl c 17e => Stt = 17 1s22s22p63s23p5 a) Xc nh v tr ca Cl trong BTH. b) Xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca Cl. Cl c 3 lp e => thuc chu k 3 Cl c 7e ho tr ang c in phn lp 3s,3p => Cl thuc nhm VIIA. b) - Cl l phi kim v c 7e lp ngoi cng. - Ho tr cao nht vi O l 7. Ho tr vi H l 1 - Cng thc oxit cao nht l : Cl2O7 Cng thc hp cht vi H : HCl Cng thc hidroxit : HClO4 - Cl2O7 : oxit axit; HClO4 : axit mnh. * H 3: Bi tp 3 Vit cu hnh e ca Mg c Z = 12 a) Xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca Mg. Na v 13Al. * H 3: Hs lm bi tp 3. Z= 12 : 1s22s22p63s2 a) Mg l kim loi v c 2 e lp ngoi cng - Cng thc oxit cao nht : MgO Cng thc hidroxit : Mg(OH)2 - MgO ; oxit bazo ; Mg(OH)2 : bazo b) Na, Mg, Al u thuc chu k 3. Tnh kim loi gim dn t Na -> Mg -> Al Mg c tnh kim loi yu hn Na, Mnh hn * H 4: Bi tp 4 Al. Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t l RO3. Mg(OH)2 c tnh bazo yu hn NaOH Hp cht ca n vi H c 5,88% H v khi nhng mnh hn Al(OH)3. lng. tm tn ca R. * H 4: Hs lm bi tp 4 RO3 => R c ho tr cao nht vi O l 6 => ho tr vi H l : 8-6 = 2 Cng thc hp cht vi H l : RH2 Gio n t chn 10 c bn

b) So snh tnh cht ho hc ca Mg vi - Ho tr cao nht vi O l 2

11

* Hot ng 3 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi tp v nh. Bi tp 1: vit cu hnh e ca 15P a) Xc nh v tr ca P trong BTH. b) xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca P. c) So snh tnh cht ho hc ca P vi 14Si,
16

%H=

2 .100 = 5,88 => MR = 32 MR +2

Vy : R l S ( lu hunh) * Hot ng 3: Hs lng nghe, ghi bi tp.

S.

Bi tp 2: Lm bi tp 8,9 trng 54 SGK. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : 11

n tp tit 19 + 20 + 21

Tun : 11 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc ton chng II. - Cng c k nng xc nh v tr ca nguyn t trong BTH, xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca cc nguyn t. - Cng c k nng so snh tnh cht ho hc ca cc nguyn t. - Cng c k nng xc nh tn nguyn t ho hc da vo thnh phn ca nguyn t trong hp cht vi O, H. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Bi tp 1 a) Vit cu hnh e ca 16S b) xc nh v tr ca S trong BTH. c) xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca S. * H 1: Hs tho lun, ln bng trnh by. a) Hs 1 : 16S : 1s22s22p63s23p4 b) Hs 2 : Stt = 16 S c 3 lp e => thuc chu k 3

d) So snh tnh cht ho hc ca S vi 15P S c 6e ho tr ang in phn lp 3s, 3p Gio n t chn 10 c bn

v 17Cl. e) Vit ptpu ca S vi Na, O2, H2.

=> S thuc nhm VIA. c) Hs 3 : S l phi kim v c 6e lp ngoi cng. Ho tr cao nht vi O l 6 => ho tr vi H l 2. Cng thc oxit cao nht : SO3

Gv cho Hs tho lun, gi tng hc sinh ln Cng thc hp cht vi H : H2S bng trnh by tng cu. Cng thc hidroxit : H2SO4 SO3 : oxit axit : H2SO4 : axit mnh. d) Hs 4 : P, S, Cl thuc chu k 3 S c tnh phi kim mnh hn P nhng yu hn Cl. H2SO4 c tnh axit mnh hn H3PO4 nhnh Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha , b sung. yu hn HClO4.
t e) Hs 5 : S + 2Na Na2S
0

t S + O2 SO2
0

t S + H2 H2S
0

* H 2 : Hs lm bi tp 2 * H 2 : Gv ra bi tp 2 RH3 => R c ho tr vi H l 3 Hp cht kh vi H ca mt nguyn t l => Ho tr cao nht vi O l 5 RH3. cng thc oxit cao nht cha 25,92% => cng thc cao nht vi O l : R2O5 R. tm tn ca R. %R = 2M + 80 .100 = 25,92 R => MR = 14 R l N( nit) * Hot ng 3 : Bi tp 3 * H 3 : Hs lm bi tp 3 Khi cho 0,6 gam mt kim loinhoms IIA Gi kim loi nhm IIA l A. tc dng vi H2O to ra 0,336 lt H2 (ktc). A c ho tr cao nht l 2 Gio n t chn 10 c bn
2M R

Tm tn kim loi . Kim loi nhm IIA c ho tr l bao nhiu? Vit ptpu ca A tc dng vi H2O? Cng thc tnh s mol mt cht kh ktc? * H 4 : Gv cng c ton bi

A + 2H2O A(OH)2 + H2
nH 2 = 0,336 = 0,015 (mol) 22, 4
2

Theo pt : nA = nH = 0,015 (mol)

A MA = n = 0, 015 = 40 (g/mol) A

0, 6

Vy A l Ca ( canxi) * H 4 : Hs lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp ton chng II. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : 12

Bi tp v lin kt ha hc

Tun : 12 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc v ion, cation, anion. - Cng c kin thc v s to thnh lin kt ion, lin kt cng ho tr. - Cng c k nng vit cng thc e, cng thc cu tao, s v pt hnh thnh lin kt ion. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Gv t cu hi n tp l thuyt. * H 1: Hc sinh tr li. 1. Th no l ion, cation, anion?. 1. ion l phn t mang in c to thnh khi nguyn t nhng hoc nhn e. - cation l phn t mang in dng c to thnh khi nguyn t kim loi nhng e. Vd : Na Na+ + 1e Cation - anion l phn t mang in m c to Gio n t chn 10 c bn

thnh khi nguyn t phi kim nhn thm e. Vd : Cl + 1e Cl anion 2. th no l ion n nguyn t, ion a 2. ion n nguyn t : do 1 nguyn t to nguyn t? nn. Vd : K+ , Cl , S 2 - ion a nguyn t : l nhm nguyn t mang in m hoc dng. Vd : SO4 2 , NH 4 + , PO43 3. Lin kt ion l g? 3. lin kt ion l lin kt ho hc c hnh thnh do lc ht tnh in gia cc ion mang in tch tri du. Vd : Na+ + Cl NaCl 4. Th no l lin kt cng ho tr? C my 4. lin kt cng ho tr l lin kt ho hc dng lin kt cng ho tr . cho v d hnh thnh 2 cc nguyn t bng cc cp e dng chung. C 2 dng : + Lin kt CHT khng cc : H : H + Lin kt cng ho tr c cc : H : Cl * H 2 : Gv ra bi tp 1. Vit phng trnh biu din s hnh thnh cc ion sau y: 11Na+, 12Mg2+, 16S2-, 233+ 8O , 17Cl , 7N , 13Al . Vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t v cc ion trn. C nhn xt g v cu hnh e ca cc ion trn? * H 2 : Hs nghin cu lm bi tp. 1.Na Na+ + 1e Mg Mg2+ + 2e S + 2e S2- ; O + 2e O2 Cl + 1e Cl ; N + 3e N3 3+ Al Al + 3e Cu hnh e: Na : 1s22s22p63s1 Na+ : 1s22s22p6 Mg : 1s22s22p63s2 Mg2+ : 1s22s22p6 S : 1s22s22p63s23p4 S2- : 1s22s22p63s23p6 O : 1s22s22p4 O2- : 1s22s22p6 Cl : 1s22s22p63s23p5 Cl- : 1s22s22p63s23p6 N : 1s22s22p3 N3- : 1s22s22p6 Al : 1s22s22p63s23p1 Al3+ : 1s22s22p6 2.Vit cng thc e, cng thc cu to ca : Cc ion u c 8e lp ngoi cng. Cl2, HCl, N2, CO2. 2. Xc nh cht c lin kt i, lin kt ba, Cng thc e Cng thc cu to lin kt n. Cht c lin kt cng ho tr Cl : Cl Cl Cl c cc, khng cc. H :Cl H Cl
N MN M NN

O: : C : :O O=C=O Cht c lin kt n : Cl2, HCl Cht c lin kt i : CO2 Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Cht c lin kt ba : N2 Cht c lk CHT khng cc : Cl2, N2, CO2 Cht c lk CHT c cc : HCl 3. Vit s v Pt biu din s to thnh 3.+ Al v O2 lin kt ion gia Al v O2; Mg v Cl2. Al Al3+ + 3e O + 2e O2 3+ 2Al + 3O2- Al2O3
4.3e

4Al + 3O2

2Al2O3

* Hot ng 3 : Gv cng c li ton bi.

+ Mg v Cl2 Mg Mg2+ + 2e Cl + 1e Cl2+ Mg + 2 Cl- MgCl2

Mg + Cl2
1.2e

MgCl2

* Hot ng 3 : Hs lng nghe IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : 13 Bi tp v lin kt

v cu trc tinh th

Tun : 13 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c cch phn loi lin kt ho hc da vo hiu m in. - Cng c l thuyt v tinh th nguyn t v tinh th phn t. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Gv t cu hi n tp l thuyt. * H 1: Hc sinh tr li. 1. phn loi mt cch tng i cc lin 1. ngi ta da vo hiu m in kt ho hc ngi ta da vo u? Nu 0 < < 0,4 : lin kt CHT khng cc. Nu 0,4 < < 1,7 : lin kt CHT c cc. Nu 1,7 : lin kt ion. 2. C my kiu mng tinh th c hc? 2. c 3 kiu mng tinh th c im ca tng loi mng tinh th? + Mng tinh th ion: c cc ion m v ion Gio n t chn 10 c bn

dng phn b lun phin u n cc nt mng. + Mng tinh th nguyn t: ti cc im nt mng l cc nguyn t. + Mng tinh th phn t : ti cc im nt mng l cc phn t. 3. cho bit lin kt ho hc trong cc mng 3. Mng tinh th ion c lin kt ion. tinh th trn? Mng tinh th nguyn t c lin kt cng ho tr. Mng tinh th phn t c lc tng tc yu gia cc phn t. 4. Hy ly v d v tinh th ion, tinh th 4. Tinh th ion : NaCl, MgCl2 nguyn t, tinh th phn t. Tinh th nguyn t : kim cng, cacbon Tinh th phn t : I2, nc * H 2 : Gv ra bi tp 1. Da vo hiu m in ca cc nguyn t, cho bit loi lin kt trong cc cht sau : MgCl2, Na2S, Al2S3, AlCl3, K2O, K2S, SO2, H2S, CH4. * H 2 : Hs nghin cu lm bi tp. 1. MgCl = 3,16 1,31 = 1,85 > 1,7 => MgCl2 c lin kt ion. Na S = 2,58 0,93 = 1,65 => Na2S c lin kt cng ho tr c cc Al S = 2,58 1,61 = 0,97 => Al2S3 c lin kt cng ho tr c cc. AlCl = 3,16 1,61 = 1,55 => AlCl3 c lin kt cng ho tr c cc. K O = 3,44 0,82 = 2,62 => K2O c lin kt ion. K S = 2,58 0,82 = 1,76 => K2S c lin kt ion. SO = 3,44 2,58 = 0,86 => SO2 c lin kt CHT c cc. H S = 2,58 2,20 = 0,38 => H2S c lin kt CHT khng cc. CH = 2,55 2,20 = 0,35 => CH4 c lin kt CHT khng cc. 2. a) 9X : 1s22s22p5 2 2 6 2 6 1 2. X, A, Z l nhng nguyn t c s n v 19A : 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 2 2 4 8Z : 1s 2s 2p in tch ht nhn l 9, 19, 8. b) X v A c lin kt ion. a) Vit cu hnh e ca cc nguyn t .
2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 4

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

b) D on lin kt ho hc c th c gia A v Z c lin kt ion cc cp X v A; A v Z; X v Z. X v Z c lin kt cng ho tr. * Hot ng 3: Hs lng nghe, ghi bi tp. * Hot ng 3 : Gv cng c li ton bi. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn : 14

Bi tp v lin kt ha hc ( tit 27 + 28 )

Tun : 14 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc v lin kt cng ho tr, lin kt ion. - Cng c cch xc nh in ho tr, cng ho tr, s oxi ho. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Bi tp 1. * H 1: Bi tp 1. Vit phng trnh biu din s hnh thnh K K+ + 1e + 2+ 2cc ion sau : K , Ca , Br , O . Vit cu Ca Ca2+ + 2e hnh e ca nguyn t v ion c to thnh. Br + 1e Br C nhn xt g v cu hnh e lp ngoi O + 2e O2 cng ca cc ion c to thnh? Cu hnh e: K : 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 Gio n t chn 10 c bn

K+ : 1s22s22p63s23p6 Ca : 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 Ca2+ : 1s22s22p63s23p6 Br : 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p5 Br- : 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p6 O : 1s22s22p4 O2- : 1s22s22p6 Cc ion c to thnh u c 8e lp ngoi cng. * H 2: Bi tp 2. * H 2: Bi tp 2. NN Vit cng thc cu to ca cc phn t sau: N2 H N2, CH4, H2O, NH3. xt xem phn t no c CH4 lin kt CHT khng phn cc, lin kt CHT H C H phn cc mnh nht. H H2O NH3 HOH
H N H H

* H 3: Bi tp 3. Xc nh cng ho tr, in ho tr ca cc nguyn t trong cc hp cht sau: H2S, Na2O, H2O, MgCl2, Al2O3.

* H 4: Bi tp 4. Da vo v tr ca cc nguyn t trong BTH, nu r cc nguyn t no sau y c cng cng ho tr trong cng thc ho hc cc oxit cao nht : Si, P, Cl, S, C, N, Br, Se. * H 5: Bi tp 5. Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t t chn 10 c bn

Lin kt cng ho tr khng cc : N2, CH4 Lin kt CHT phn cc mnh nht : H2O * H 3: Bi tp 3. Cng ho tr H:1 H2S S:2 H:1 H2O O:2 in ho tr Na : 1+ Na2O O : 2Mg : 2+ MgCl2 Cl : 1Al : 3+ Al2O3 O : 2* H 4: Bi tp 4 SiO2, P2O5, Cl2O7, SO3, CO2, N2O5, Br2O7, SeO3. - Si v C : c cng CHT l 4 - P v N : c cng CHT l 5 - S v Se : c cng CHT l 6 - Cl v Br : c cng CHT l 7 * H 5 : Bi tp 5. Gio n

trong cc hp cht sau: O2, H2O, H2SO4, 0 +1 2 +1 +6 2 +1 +6 2 +1 +6 2 +7 2 O2 , H O, H 2 S O , K 2 S O , K 2 Cr 2 O7 , K Mn O , 2 4 4 4 K2SO4, K2Cr2O7, KMnO4, K2MnO4, HClO4, +5 KClO3. +1 +6 2 +1 +7 2 +1 2
K 2 Mn O 4 , H Cl O 4 , K Cl O3

* H 6 : Bi tp 6 Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t * H 6 : Bi tp 6 +5 2 2 +4 1 3 + trong cc ion sau : ( N O3 ) , (+6 O 4 ) 2 , (C O2 ) 2 , ( Br ) , ( N H1 )+ , S 3 4 2 2 + 3 2

NO3 , SO4 , CO3 , Br , NH4 , PO4 , SO3 ( P O4 )3 , ( S O3 )2
+5 2 +4 2

* Hot ng 7: Gv cng c li ton bi.

* Hot ng 7: Hs lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

Bi tp v lin kt ha hc v phn ng oxi ha -kh( tit 29 +30 )

Tun : 15 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc v lin kt ho hc. - Cng c khi nim cht oxi ho, cht kh, qu trnh oxi ho, qu trnh kh, phn ng oxi ho kh. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Da vo hiu m in hy xc * H 1: Bi tp 1. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

nh loi lin kt h hc trong cc phn t KCl = 3,16 0,82 = 2,34 sau: KCl, HBr, CaO, SO2, H2S. => KCl c lin kt ion HBr = 2,96 2,20 = 0,76 => HBr c lin kt CHT c cc CaO = 3,44 1,0 = 2,44 => CaO c lin kt ion SO = 3,44 2,58 = 0,86 => SO2 c lin kt CHT c cc H S = 2,58 2,20 = 0,38 => H2S c lin kt CHT khng cc * H 2: Bi tp 2. * H 2: Bi tp 2. Th no l cht oxi ho, cht kh, qu trnh - Cht oxi ho : cht nhn e( s oxi ho oxi ho, qu trnh kh, phn ng oxi ho gim) - cht kh : cht nhng e ( s oxi ho kh. tng) - qu trnh oxi ho : qu trnh nhng e - qu trnh kh : qu trnh nhn e - Phn ng oxi ho kh : phn ng c s thay i s oxi ho ca mt s nguyn t. * H 3: Bi tp 3. * H 3: Bi tp 3. Xc nh cht oxi ho, cht kh, qu trnh 1. Fe +0 Cl2 FeCl3 0 +3 1 oxi ho, qu trnh kh ca cc phn ng Fe+ Cl2 Fe Cl3 sau: Fe : cht kh v tng s oxi ho t 0 -> +3 1. Fe + Cl2 FeCl3 Cl2: Cht oxi ho v gim s oxi ho t 0 -> -1 0 +3 Fe Fe+ 3e : qu trnh oxi ho
2 2

Cl2 + 2.1e 2 Cl : qu trnh kh

2. HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O

2. HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O

H Cl + Mn O2 Mn Cl2 + Cl2 + H2 O
+1 1 +4 2 +2 1 0 +1 2

HCl : cht kh v clo tng s oxi ho t -1 n 0. MnO2 : cht oxi ho v mangan gim s oxi ho t +4 xung +2. 1 0 2 Cl Cl2 + 2e : qu trnh oxi ho
Mn + 2e Mn : qu trnh kh 3. Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + SO2 + H2O
+4 +2

3. Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + SO2 + H2O t chn 10 c bn

Mg + H 2 S O 4 Mg S O4 + S O2 + H2 O

+1 +6 2

+2 +6 2

+4 2

+1 2

Gio n

Mg : cht kh v Mg tng s oxi ho t 0 n +2 H2SO4: cht oxi ho v lu hunh gim s oxi ho t +6 xung +4 0 +2 Mg Mg + 2e : qu trnh oxi ho
S + 2e S : qu trnh kh 4. Cl2 + NaOH NaClO + NaCl + H2O
+6 +4

4. Cl2 + NaOH NaClO + NaCl + H2O

Cl2 + Na O H Na Cl O + Na Cl + H2 O

+1 2 +1

+1

+1 2

+1

+1 2

Cl2 va l cht oxi ho (gim s oxi ho t 0 xung -1) va l cht kh ( tng s oxi ho t 0 ln +1) 0 +1 Cl Cl + 1e : qu trnh oxi ho
Cl + 1e Cl : qu trnh kh
0 1

* Hot ng 4: Hs lng nghe. * Hot ng 4: Gv cng c li ton bi. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

Bi tp phn loi phn ng oxi ha- kh v cn bng phn ng oxi ho- kh( tit 31 + 32 )

Tun : 16 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc v phn ng oxi ho kh. - Rn luyn k nng cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh theo phng php thng bng e. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Gio n t chn 10 c bn

* n nh lp * H 1: Trong cc phn ng sau phn ng no l phn ng oxi ho kh? V sao? 1. CaCO3 + HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O 2. Mg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu 3. KClO3 KCl + O2 4. Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 5. Cu + Cl2 CuCl2 6. BaCO3 BaO + CO2 7. CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 * H 2: Nu cc bc tin hnh cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh?

* H 1: Bi tp 1. Phn ng 2,3,4,5 l phn ng oxi ho kh v c s thay di s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t. 0 +2 +2 0 2. Mg + Cu SO4 Mg SO4 + Cu 3. K Cl O3 K Cl + O2 4. Zn+ H 2 SO4 Zn SO4 + H2 5. Cu + Cl2 Cu Cl2 * H 2: Hs tr li. C 4 bc : - xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t , xc nh cht oxi ho, cht kh. - vit qu trnh oxi ho, qu trnh kh, cn bng mi qu trnh. - tm h s cho cht oxi ho, cht kh sao cho tng s e cht kh nhng bng tng s e cht oxi ho nhn. - a h s vo phng trnh, cn bng li. * H 3: Bi tp 3
0 0 +2 1 0 +1 +2 0 +1 +5 2 1 0

* H 3: Bi tp 3. Cn bng cc phn ng sau bng phng php thng bng e. 1. Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + SO2 + H2O 0 +1 +6 2 +2 +6 2 +4 2 +1 2 1. Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + SO2 + H2O
Zn + H 2 S O 4 Zn S O4 + S O2 + H2 O

Zn : cht kh v H2SO4: cht oxi ho 0 +2 1 Zn Zn + 2e : qt oxi ho 1 S + 2e S : qt kh Zn + 2H2SO4 ZnSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O 2. HCl + KMnO4 MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O+ KCl
H Cl + KMnO4 Mn Cl2 + Cl2 + KCl + H 2 O
+1 1 +7 2 +2 1 0 +1 2 +6 +4

2. HCl + KMnO4 MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O+ KCl

HCl : cht kh v KMnO4 : cht oxi ho 1 0 5 2 Cl Cl2 + 2e : qt oxi ho 2

Mn + 5e Mn : qt kh
+7 +2

10HCl + 2KMnO4 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + H2O+ KCl

16HCl + 2KMnO4

2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O+ 2KCl

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

3. FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + SO2

3. FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + SO2

Fe S 2 + O2 Fe2 O3 + S O2
+2 1 0 +3 2 +4 2

FeS2 : cht kh O2 : cht oxi ho

Fe Fe+ 1e 2 S 2 S + 2.5e
1 +4 +2 +3

qt oxi ho
+4

4. Cl2 + NaOH NaClO + NaCl + H2O

4
11

FeS2 Fe+ 2 S + 11e

O2 + 2.2e 2 O
0 2

+3

qt kh

4FeS2 + 11O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2 * Hot ng 4: Hs lng nghe,ghi bi tp v * Hot ng 4: Gv cng c li ton bi, ra nh. bi tp v nh. Cn bng cc phn ng sau bng phng php thng bng e. 1. Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NH4NO3 + H2O 2. FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O 3. HCl + K2Cr2O7 CrCl3 + KCl + Cl2 + H2O IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp hc k I

Tun : 17 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc hc k I v cu to nguyn t, cu hnh e, ng v, v tr ca nguyn t trong BTH. - Cng c k nng vit cu hnh e,xc nh v tr ca nguyn t, cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh theo phng php thng bng e. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi v bi tp. 2. Hc sinh : Gio n t chn 10 c bn

n tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Cho bit cng thc * H 1: tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh? A = a. X + b.Y + ...
100

a : % s nguyn t ca ng v X b : % s nguyn t ca ng v Y X : nguyn t khi ca ng v X Y : nguyn t khi ca ng v Y * H 2: Cu c 2 ng v bn : * H 2: 63 63 Cu v 65Cu. ACu = 63,54. Tm Gi x l % s ng t ca Cu 65 % s nguyn t ca mi ng (100 x) l % s ng t ca Cu x.63 + (100 x).65 v. ACu = = 63,54
100

* H 3: Bi tp 3. Vit cu hnh e ca Mg c Z = 12 a) xc nh v tr ca Mg trong BTH. b) Xc nh tnh cht ho hc ca Mg. c) So snh tnh cht ho hc ca Mg vi Na, Al.

=> x = 73 Vy : % s ng t ca 63Cu l 73% % s ng t ca 65Cu l 27% * H 3: Bi tp 3. Z= 12 : 1s22s22p63s2 a) Mg l kim loi v c 2 e lp ngoi cng - Ho tr cao nht vi O l 2 - Cng thc oxit cao nht : MgO Cng thc hidroxit : Mg(OH)2 - MgO ; oxit bazo ; Mg(OH)2 : bazo b) Na, Mg, Al u thuc chu k 3. Tnh kim loi gim dn t Na -> Mg -> Al Mg c tnh kim loi yu hn Na, Mnh hn Al. Mg(OH)2 c tnh bazo yu hn NaOH nhng mnh hn Al(OH)3. * H 4: Bi tp 4 Cng thc e O: : C : :O H :O: H Cng thc cu to O=C=O HOH
N N

* H 4: Bi tp 4. t chn 10 c bn

N MN M

H : Cl

H Cl Gio n

Vit cng thc e, cng thc cu to ca CO2, H2O, N2, HCl. * H 5: Bi tp 5.

O3 , K 2 Cr2 O7 , K2 Cr O4 , Na2 S 2 O3 , Fe S2 , Cu S , Fe3 O4
0 +1 +6 2 +1 +6 2 +1 +2 2 +2 1 +2 2 +8 3 2

* H 6: Bi tp 6 FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + * H 5: Bi tp 5. Xc nh s oxi ho cu cc K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O +2 +7 +3 +2 nguyn t trong cc cht sau: Fe SO + K MnO + H SO Fe SO + K SO + Mn SO + H O 4 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 4 2 O3, K2Cr2O7, K2CrO4, Na2S2O3, FeSO4 : cht kh FeS2, CuS, Fe3O4. KMnO4 : cht oxi ho +2 +3 5 2 Fe 2 Fe+ 2.1e qt oxi ho * H 6: Bi tp 6 +7 +2 Cn bng phn ng sau : 2 qt kh Mn + 5e Mn FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O 10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + H2O 10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O * Hot ng 7: Gv cng c li * Hot ng 7: Hs lng nghe. ton bi, ra bi tp v nh. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT chun b thi hc k I. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn : Tun : 18 Ngy son : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc hc k I . - Sa bi thi hc k I theo thi ca S. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, + p n thi hc k I. 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp. t chn 10 c bn

Sa bi thi hc k I
Ngy dy :

Gio n

III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Gv sa thi trc * H 1: Hs lng nghe, ghi chp, t chm im. nghim theo p n ca S. * H 2: Hs ghi chp. * H 2: Gv sa thi t lun. Cu 1 (1,5 ) Cu 1 (1,5 ) a) Theo cc nguyn l v quy tc phn b e trong a) Ti sao chu k 3 ch c 8 nguyn t th chu k 3 cng ch c 8 nguyn t. (0,5 ) nguyn t? b) b) Vit cng thc e, cng thc Cng thc e Cng thc cu to .. cu to ca H2O, NH3. H O H H :O : H (0,25 d) .. (0,25 d)
.. H :N: H .. H H N H H

d) Cu 2 ( 2,0 ) Cn bng phn ng sau bng Cu 2 ( 2,0 ) phng php thng bng e. a) Cu + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + a) Cu + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O NO + H2O
Cu + H N O3 Cu ( NO3 )2 + N O + H2 O
0 +5 +2 +2

(0,25 d)

(0,25

Cu : cht kh HNO3 : cht oxi ho 0,25 0 +2 3 Cu Cu + 2e 2 0,25 N + 3e N S oxi ho Cu S kh HNO3 hoc NO3 0,25 3Cu + 8HNO3 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O 0,25
+5 +2

b) FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 b)

Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O H2O +2 +7 +3 +2 Fe SO4 + K Mn O4 + H 2 SO4 Fe2 SO4 + K2 SO4 + Mn SO4 + H2 O

FeSO4 : cht kh KMnO4 : cht oxi ho 0,25 +2 +3 5 2 Fe 2 Fe+ 2.1e 2 Mn + 5e Mn S oxi ho FeSO4 hoc Fe2+ S kh KMnO4 hoc MnO4 t chn 10 c bn
+7 +2

0,25 0,25 Gio n

10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O 0,25 Cu 3 (1,5 ) Cu 3 (1,5 ) 1 2 Cho 2 ng v : 1H v 1H ( D) a) Vit cc CTPT hydro c th a) 1 1 c. CTPT 1H 1H b) Tnh phn t khi mi loi (0,5 ) phn t. b) c) Mt lt kh H2 ( gm 2 loi PTK PTK = 2 ng v trn) ktc nng 0,1 (0,5 ) gam. Tnh % khi lng tng c) 1 ng v ca hydro.
n
H2

1 1

H21H

2 1

H21H

PTK = 3

PTK = 4

M H2

(mol ) 22, 4 0,1.22, 4 2, 24 = = 2, 24( g ) => M H = = 1,12( g ) 1 2

Gv hng dn Hs lm cu 3c.

Gi x l s mol ca 11H v (1 x) l s mol ca 21H

1.x + 2.(1 x) = 1,12 => x = 0,88 1 1.0,88 % m11H = 1,12 .100 = 78,57% % m 2 H = 21,43% MH =
1

0,25

0,25

* Hot ng 7: Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi tp v nh.

* Hot ng 7: Hs lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT . V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp v nhm halogen v clo(bm st tit 37,38)

Tun : 19 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c v tr nhm halogen trong BTH. - Cng c tnh cht ho hc c bn ca cc nguyn t nhm halogen - Cng c tnh cht ho hc v iu ch Cl2. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Cho bit tn v v tr * H 1: Hs tr li ca cc nguyn t nhm Nhm halogen gm cc nguyn t : F, Cl, Br, I halogen trong BTH. Thuc nhm VIIA, t chu k 2 n chu k 6, nm trc cc nguyn t kh him trong mi chu k. * H 2: tnh cht ho hc ca * H 2: Hs tr li cc nguyn t nhm halogen l Cc nguyn t nhm halogen c tnh oxi ho mnh v g? V sao? nguyn t ca chng c 7e lp ngoi cng c khuynh hng nhn thm 1e t cu hnh bn ca kh him gn nht. * H 3: Hs tr li * H 3: t F -> I tnh oxi ho bin i nh th no?V sao? T F -> I tnh oxi ho gim dn do bn knh nguyn t tng dn lm gim kh nng ht e( nhn e), m in gim dn => tnh oxi ho gim dn. * H 4: Hs tr li * H 4: cho bit cc mc oxi ho ca cc nguyn t nhm - F : ch c s oxi ho -1 trong tt c cc hp cht v F halogen? c m in ln nht. - Cl, Br, I : c s oxi ho -1 trong hp cht vi kim loi v H. c s oxi ho +1,+3,+5,+7 trong hp cht vi O. * H 5: trnh by tnh cht ho * H 5: Hs ln bng trnh by hc ca Cl2. Ly v d. - Cl2 c tnh oxi ho mnh khi tc dng vi kim loi v H2.
t 3Cl2 + 2Fe 2FeCl3 t Cl2 + H2 2HCl - Cl2 va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh khi tc dng vi H2O
0 0

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Cl2 + H2O HClO + HCl * H 6: * H 6: Hs ln bng trnh by Cho bit phng php iu ch + trong PTN: cho HCl c tc dng vi cc cht oxi Cl2 trong PTN, trong CN. ho MnO2, KMnO4 t 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2+2 H2O
0

16HCl + 2KMnO4 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O

* H 7: Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ho a) HNO3 + HCl NO2 + Cl2 + H2O kh sau: +5 1 +4 0

a) HNO3 + HCl NO2 + Cl2 + H2O

+ Trong CN: in phn dd NaCl c mng ngn. dpdd 2NaCl + 2H2O 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2 mnx * H 7: Hs ln bng cn bng

H N O3 + H Cl N O2 + Cl 2 + H2 O

HNO3 : cht oxi ho HCl : cht kh 1 0 1 2 Cl Cl2 + 2.1e qt oxi ho 2 qt kh N + 1e N 2HNO3 + 2HCl 2NO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O b) HClO3 + HCl Cl2 + H2O
+5 +4

b) HClO3 + HCl Cl2 + H2O

H Cl O3 + H Cl Cl2 + H 2 O

+5

HClO3 : cht oxi ho HCl : cht kh 1 0 5 Cl Cl + 1e 1

Cl + 5e Cl
+5 0

qt oxi ho qt kh

HClO3 + 5HCl 3Cl2 + 3H2O

* Hot ng 8: Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi tp v nh.

* Hot ng 8: Hs lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT . V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : n tp v axit clohiric

v mui clorua

(bm st tit 39,40)

Tun : 20 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc v tnh cht ca axit clohidric v mui clorua. - Rn luyn k nng lm bi tp nhn bit, hon thnh s phn ng. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

- Sa bi tp trong SGK. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hy cho bit tnh cht * H 1: Hs ln bng trnh by ho hc ca dd HCl. Vit ptpu + Dd HCl l mt axit mnh. chng minh. - lm qu tm ho - tc dng vi bazo, oxit bazo 3HCl + Fe(OH)3 FeCl3 + 3H2O
6HCl + Fe2O3 2FeCl3 + 3H2O Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, b sung. - tc dng vi mui HCl + AgNO3 AgCl + HNO3

- tc dng vi kim loi ng trc H2

2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2

+ dung dch HCl c c tnh kh Tc sng vi cc chy oxi ho MnO2, KMnO4

t 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
0

* H 2: hs tr li. * H 2: nhn bit dung dch Nhn bit dd HCl v mui clorua ta dng dd AgNO3. HCl v mui clorua ta dng thuc th no? Hin tng g Hin tng : c kt ta trng to thnh. xy ra? HCl + AgNO3 AgCl + HNO3
NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl + NaNO3

* H 3: Hon thnh s phn dpdd 1. 2NaCl + 2H2O 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2 mnx ng sau: t (1) (2) 2. Cl2 + H2 2HCl NaCl Cl2 HCl (3) (4) (5) KCl AgCl Cl2 3. HCl + KOH KCl + H2O 4. KCl + AgNO3 AgCl + KNO3
0

* H 3: Hs ln bng hon thnh s phn ng.

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

as 5. 2AgCl 2Ag + Cl2

* H 4: Hs ln bng trnh by. * H 4: Nhn bit cc dung - Trch mu th. dch sau: HCl, HNO3, NaOH, - Cho qu tm vo cc mu th , quan st: NaCl, NaNO3. + qu tm ho : dd HCl, HNO3. + qu tm ho xanh : dd NaOH. + qu tm khng i mu : dd NaCl, NaNO3. - Cho dd AgNO3 vo 2 mu th : dd HCl, HNO3, qsat + Mu th c kt ta trng : dd HCl HCl + AgNO3 AgCl + HNO3 + Mu th khng c hin tng g : dd HNO3 - Cho dd AgNO3 vo 2 m th : dd NaCl, NaNO3, qsat + Mu th c kt ta trng : dd NaCl NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl + NaNO3 + Mu th khng c hin tng g : dd NaNO3 * H 5: Hs tr li. * H 5: sa bi 6 trang 106 Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO Sc kh Cl2 qua dd Na2CO3 thy 2HCl + Na2CO3 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O c kh CO2 thot ra. Vit ptpu. * H 6: Hs lng nghe, ghi chp. * H 6: sa bi 3 trang 106 t Cho H2SO4(), H2O, KCl (rn). C1 : H2SO4() + KCl KHSO4 + HCl Hy iu ch HCl theo 2 cch. dpdd C2 : 2KCl + 2H2O 2KOH + Cl2 + H2 mnx
0

t Cl2 + H2 2HCl
0

* H 7 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi tp v nh.

* H 7: Hs lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp li ton b l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT . V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp v tnh cht ca clo v hp cht c oxi ca clo (bm st tit 41,42)

Gio n

t chn 10 c bn

Tun : 21 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c n tp tnh cht ho hc ca Cl2 v hp cht ca clo. - Sa bi tp trong SGK. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hy cho bit mt s * H 1: Hs tr li. hp cht c oxi ca clo m em - Nc Javen, clorua vi hc? * H 2: hs tr li. * H 2: Cho bit tnh cht ho Chng u c tnh oxi ho mnh nn c dng ty hc ca cc hp cht trn? trng vi, si, giy * H 3: Hs ln bng trnh by. * H 3: iu ch nc Javen, clorua vi nh th no? + Nc Javen - Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch kim nhit thng. Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O - in phn dd NaCl khng c mng ngn
dpdd 2NaCl + 2H2O 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2

Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O

dpdd Hoc NaCl + H2O NaClO + H2

+ Clorua vi
30 C Cl2 + Ca(OH)2(sa CaOCl2 + H2O
0

* H 4: Trong PTN c cc ho * H 4: Hs ln bng trnh by. cht : NaCl, MnO2, NaOH, H2SO4(). Ta c th iu ch Ta iu ch c nc Javen t c nc Javen khng? H2SO4() + NaCl NaHSO4 + HCl
0

t 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2+2 H2O

0

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O * H 5: Hs nghe Gv hng dn, ghi chp. * H 5: Trong PtN c CaO, H2O, MnO2, H2SO4 70%( D = 1,61g/ml), NaCl. Hi phi dng nhng cht g v vi lng l bao nhiu iu ch 254g CaOCl2.
t H2SO4() + NaCl NaHSO4 + HCl
0

(1) (2) (3) (4)

t 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2+2 H2O

0

CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2

30 C Cl2 + Ca(OH)2(sa CaOCl2 + H2O
0

nCaOCl2 =

254 = 2(mol ) 127

2 2 2

Theo (4) : nCl = nCa (OH ) = nCaOCl = 2(mol ) iu ch HCl nh th no? Vit pt. iu ch Cl2 nh th no ? vit pt. iu ch Ca(OH)2 nh th no? Vit pt. Vit pt iu ch clorua vi? Theo (3) : nCaO = nCa (OH ) = 2(mol )
2

=> mCaO = 56.2 = 112 (g) Theo (2) : nMnO = nCl = nCl (4) = 2(mol )
2 2 2

=> mMnO = 2.87 = 176 (g)

2

Theo (2) : nHCl = 4nCl = 4.2 = 8(mol )

2

Theo (1) : nNaCl = nH SO = nHCl = 8(mol )

2 4

=> mNaCl = 8.58,5 = 468(g) Gv hng dn Hs lm phn m H SO = 98.8 = 784(g) nh lng.

2 4

mddH2 SO4 = VddH2 SO4 =

784 .100 = 1120( g ) 70

1120 = 695(ml ) 1, 61

* H 7: Hs lng nghe. * H 7 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi tp v nh. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK bi 5.22/39 v SBT bi 5.27/40. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Tit t chn :

n tp v flo, brom, iot (bm st tit 43,44)

Tun : 22 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc bi Flo Brom Iot . - So snh tnh oxi ho ca F2, Cl2, Br2, I2. - Sa cc bi tp trong SGK. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: So snh tnh oxi ho * H 1: Hs ln bng tr li. ca cc n cht F2, Cl2, Br2, I2. Tnh oxi ho ca F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 vit ptpu chng minh. 252 C F2 + H2 2HF Gv cho Hs ln bng trnh by. as Cl2 + H2 2HCl
0

Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, 350 500 C I2 + H2 Pt 2HI b sung.

0

t cao , Pt Br2 + H2 2HBr

0

* H 2: Phn ng ca cc n * H 2: hs tr li. cht halogen vi nc xy ra F2 + H2O 2HF + O2 nh th no? Vit ptpu. Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO Br2 pu vi H2O chm hn Cl2
Br2 + H2O HBr + HBrO I2 + H2O

* H 3: Mui NaCl c ln tp cht NaI. a) Lm th noCMR trong mui NaCl c ln NaI. b) Lm th no c NaCl tinh khit. Gv cho 1 Hs kh ln bng.

* H 3: Hs kh ln bng trnh by. a) Ly 1 t mui NaCl c ln tp cht ho tan vo nc. Sau cho 1 t h tinh bt vo dd trn. Sc kh Cl2 vo hn hp, nu thy HTB ho xanh => NaCl c ln NaI. Gio n

t chn 10 c bn

Cl2 + 2NaI 2NaCl + I2

I2 + HTB dd mu xanh c trng.

b) Ho tan hn hp vo H2O, sc kh Cl2 d vo hn hp trn.Cho xng vo hn hp ri dng phu chit tch ring I2 v dd NaCl. C cn dd c NaCl tinh khit. * H 4: quan st c hin * H 4: Hs kh trnh by. tng g khi ta thm dn dn - dung dch xut hin mu xanh c trng do c I2 to nc clo vo dd KI c HTB. Vit ptpu. thnh tc dng vi HTB.
Cl2 + 2KI 2KCl + I2

- Vn tip tc cho kh Cl2 vo th :

Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO

- HClO c tnh oxi ho mnh, c kh nng ty mu nn ta s thy mu xanh b mt dn. cui cng dd khng cn mu xanh na. * H 5: Lm th no phn * H 5: Hs tr li bit cc dung dch : NaCl, NaF, Mt NaCl NaF NaBr NaI NaBr, NaI. TT Dd trng Ko hin vng vng AgNO3 tng nht m NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl + NaNO3 NaBr + AgNO3 AgBr + NaNO3 NaI+ AgNO3 AgI + NaNO3 * H 6: Hs tr li * H 6: Cho hn hp trn vo ng nghim un nng, I2 thng I2 c ln tp cht l NaI. Lm hoa. Ngng t c I2 rn tinh khit. th no thu c I2 tinh Hoc ho tan hn hp vo H2O, ch c NaI tan I2 khit. khng tan ta thu c I2. * H 7 : Gv cng c li ton * H 7 : Hs lng nghe bi, ra bi tp v nh. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp Nhm Halogen

(bm st tit 45,46)

Tun : 23 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c tnh cht ca cc nguyn t nhm halogen v hp cht ca chng. - Rn luyn k nng lm bi tp nhn bit, hon thnh s phn ng, bi tp nh lng. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hon thnh s phn ng( ghi * H 1: Hs ln bng hon thnh. r k) dpdd 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2 (1) (2) (3) (4) mnx NaCl Cl2 HCl CaCl2 AgCl 1. 2NaCl + 2H2O
(5) (6)
as 2. Cl2 + H2 2HCl (7) NaClO CaOCl2 HClO

3. 2HCl + CaO CaCl2 + H2O

4. CaCl2 + 2AgNO3 2AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 Gv cho Hs ln bng trnh by. Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, b sung.
5. Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O
30 C 6. Cl2 + Ca(OH)2(sa CaOCl2 + H2O
0

7. 2CaOCl2 + CO2 + H2O CaCl2 + CaCO3 + 2HClO a) Cho hn hp kh qua dd NaBr hoc NaI, Cl2 s oxi ho NaBr hoc NaI thnh Br2

* H 2: Bng phng php ho hc no * H 2: hs tr li. c th xc nh : a) Cl2 ln trong kh HCl

C th dng qu tm m nhn bit. lc hoc I2=> dd khng mu ban u s chuyn u qu tm m ho , sau mt mu sang mu vng hoc mu nu.
do Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO .

Cl2 + 2NaBr 2NaCl + Br2 Cl2 + 2NaI 2NaCl + I2 Gio n

t chn 10 c bn

b) Cho hn hp kh trn tc dng vi MnO2, HCl b oxi ho thnh Cl2. b) Thu c Cl2 t hn hp kh cu a. c) Thu c HCl t hn hp kh cu a.
t 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2+2 H2O
0

c) Cho hn hp kh qua H2 nung nng , Cl2

0

cho hn hp tc dng vi Cu, ch c Cl 2 s chuyn thnh HCl phn ng. t H2 + Cl2 2HCl * H 3: Bng phng php ho hc nhn * H 3: Hs ln bng trnh by. bit cc dung dch sau : KCl, KF, KI, KBr. Mt KCl KF KBr KI TT Gv cho 1 Hs trung bnh ln bng. trng Ko vng vng Dd AgNO3 hin nht m tng KCl + AgNO3 AgCl + KNO3 KBr + AgNO3 AgBr + KNO3 KI+ AgNO3 AgI + KNO3 * H 4: Hs kh ln bng trnh by. * H 4: Cho hn hp A gm Cu v Mg vo dd HCl a) d thu c 5,6lit kh v 1 cht rn khng Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2 (1) tan B. Dng dd H2SO4 (c)nng ho Cu + 2H2SO4() t CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O (2) tan Bthu c 2,24 lt SO2. cc kh o b)
0

ktc. a) vit cc ptpu xy ra. b) tnh khi lng hn hp A ban u.

nH 2 =

5, 6 = 0, 25(mol ) 22, 4
2

Theo (1) : nMg = nH = 0, 25(mol ) => mMg = 0,25.24 = 6(g)

nSO2 = 2, 24 = 0,1(mol ) 22, 4
2

Theo (2) : nCu = nSO = 0,1(mol ) MCu = 0,1.64 = 6,4(g) mA = mMg + mCu = 6 + 6,4 = 12,4 (g) * H 7 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi * H 7 : Hs lng nghe tp v nh. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp chng 5

Tun : 24 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c , h thng ho ton b kin thc chng 5 di dng bi tp nhn bit , hon thnh s phn ng. - Rn luyn k nng lm bi tp nh lng. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Vit cc ptpu chng minh tnh oxi * H 1: Hs ln bng hon thnh. ho gim t F -> I. 252 C F2 + H2 2HF
0

Gv cho Hs ln bng trnh by. Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, b sung. * H 2: Nu thuc th v hin tng quan st c nhn bit cc ion Cl Br ,I .
-, -

as Cl2 + H2 2HCl t cao , Pt Br2 + H2 2HBr

0

350 500 C I2 + H2 Pt 2HI

* H 2: hs tr li: dng thuc th AgNO3

Cl + AgNO3 AgCl trng + NO3

Br + AgNO3 AgBr vng nht + NO3 I + AgNO3 AgI vng m + NO3

* H 3: Kh O2 c ln tp cht l kh Cl2. * H 3: Dn hn hp trn qua dung dch NaOH d, lm th no loi b c tp cht . Cl2 tc dng ht vi NaOH d, thu c O2. Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O Gio n t chn 10 c bn

* H 4: Gv cho Hs lm bi 6/119 SGK. Vit cc ptpu ca HCl vi MnO2, KMnO4 , K2Cr2O7 . Tm s mol ca MnO2, KMnO4 , K2Cr2O7 . Vy phn ng no thu c nhiu Cl2 nht?

* H 4: Hs kh ln bng trnh by.

t 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2+2 H2O (1)
0

16HCl + 2KMnO4 K2Cr2O7 + 14HCl

2

2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O+ 2KCl (2) 2CrCl3 + 2KCl + Cl2 + 7H2O (3)
4 2 2 7

a) mMnO = mKMnO = mK Cr O = a( g )
a Theo (1) : n nCl = nMnO = =0,0115a(mol)
2 2

87

Theo (2) :
nCl2 = 5 a nKMnO4 = 2,5. = 0, 0158a (mol ) 2 158

Theo (3) :
nCl2 = 3nK 2Cr2O7 = 3. a = 0, 0102a (mol ) 294

Cc cht oxi ho c s mol bng nhau th => (2) thu c nhiu Cl2 nht. ptpu no thu c nhiu Cl2 nht? b) nMnO = nKMnO = nK Cr O = b(mol )
2 4 2 2 7

Theo (1) : nCl = nMnO = b(mol )

2 2

Theo (2) : nCl = nKMnO = 2,5.b(mol )

2 4

5 2

Theo (3) : nCl = 3nK Cr O = 3.b(mol )

2 2 2 7

=> (3) thu c nhiu Cl2. * H 5 : * H 5 : Cho 19,05 (g) hn hp KF v KCl tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 c thu KF + H2SO4 KHSO4 + HF (1) c 6,72 lt kh (ktc). Xc nh % theo KCl + H2SO4 KHSO4 + HCl (2) khi lng ca hn hp mui. Gi x,y ln lt l s mol ca KF v KCl. mhh = 58x + 74,5y = 19,05 (3) nkh =
6, 72 = 0,3(mol ) 22, 4

Theo (1),(2) : x + y = 0,3 (4) T (3), (4) : t chn 10 c bn x = 0,2 Gio n

y = 0,1 % mKF =
58.0, 2 .100 = 60,89% 19, 05

% mKCl = 39,11% * H 6 : Gv cng c li ton bi, ra bi * H 6 : Hs lng nghe tp v nh. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn :

n tp: OXI-LU HUNH(bm st tit 49, 50)

Tun : 25 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c kin thc v tnh cht ca oxi lu hunh . - So snh tnh cht ho hc ca O2 v O3, O2 v S. - Vit c cc ptpu chng minh tnh cht ca O2, S. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: * H 1: Hs ln bng tr li. Vit cu hnh e ca 8O, 16S t O : 1s22s22p4 suy ra tnh cht ho hc ca 8 Oxi, lu hunh. 1s22s22p63s23p4 16S : Gv cho Hs ln bng trnh by. O, S u c 6e lp ngoi cng, c khuynh hng Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, b sung. nhn thm 2e t cu hnh bn => th hin tnh oxi ho. * H 2: cho bit m in * H 2: hs tr li. ca O, S, F. c kt lun g v O c m in l 3,44 tnh oxi ho ca O, S, F. S c m in l 2,58 F c m in l 3,98 Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Tnh oxi ho ca F > O > S. * H 3: * H 3: Ngoi tnh oxi ho, S cn c tnh cht ho hc g na? Ngoi tnh oxi ho th hin khi tc dng vi kim loi v sao? v H2(c mc oxi ho -2), S cn th hin tnh kh khi tc dng vi cht oxi ho mnh v c mc oxi ho +4,+6 * H 4: Hs kh trnh by. * H 4: So snh tnh cht ho - Ging nhau : u c tnh oxi ho. Tc dng vi kim hc ca O2 v S. loi v H2 to hp cht c thnh phn tng t nhau:
Vd : O2 + Na Na2O

S + Na Na2S - Khc nhau : + O2 c tnh oxi ho mnh hn S + S c tnh kh, O2 th khng

S + O2 SO2

* H 5: O3 l dng th hnh ca * H 5: Hs tr li O2. O3 c tnh cht g? So snh O3 c tnh oxi ho mnh do d b phn hu to O di tnh cht ho hc ca O2, O3. tc dng ca tia t ngoi.
h O3 O2 + O

- Ging nhau : u c tnh oxi ho mnh: oxi ho hu ht cc kim loi, nhiu phi kim v hp cht. - Khc nhau : O3 c tnh oxi ho mnh hn O2. O2 + Ag O3 + Ag Ag2O + O2 * H 6: * H 6: Hs tr li phn bit O2 v O3 ngi ta Dng dung dch KI c h tinh bt. H tinh bt b ho dng thuc th no? Vit ptpu. xanh l O3. O3 + 2KI + H2O 2KOH + I2 + O2 * H 7 : Hs ln bng hon thnh s phn ng. 1) * H 7 : hon thnh s phn t 1. 2KMnO4 K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 ng t 2. O2 + S SO2 (1) (2) 1) KMnO4 O2 SO2 3. 2SO2 + O2 xt ,t 2SO3
0 0 0

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

(6)

(5)

(4)

(3)

SO3 KClO3
2)

CuO CO2

(1)

(2) (3)

FeS SO2

(4) (5)

H2S SF6 Na2S

t 4. O2 + C CO2 t 5. O2 + Cu CuO t , xt 6. 2KClO3 2KCl + O2 2) t 1. S + Fe FeS t 2. S + O2 SO2 t 3. S + H2 H2S t 4. S + 3F2 SF6 t 5. S + 2Na Na2S * H 8: Hc sinh lng nghe.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

* H 8 : Gv cng c li ton bi IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: Tit t chn : n tp v: TNH

CHT CA OXI-LU HUNH V HIROSUNFUA( bm st tit 51, 52)

Tun : 26 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Tip tc cng c kin thc v tnh cht ca oxi lu hunh . - Cng c tnh cht ca H2S. - Sa bi tp trong SGK. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: * H 1: Hs ln bng hon thnh. Hon thnh s phn ng (ghi t 1. S + O2 SO2 r k) (1) (2) O2 SO2 SO3 2. 2SO2 + O2 xt ,t 2SO3 (4) t 3. S + H2 H2S (3) (5) S H2S S t 4. 2H2S + 3O2 2SO2 + 2H2O
0 0 0 0

5. 2H2S + O2 2S + 2H2O Gio n t chn 10 c bn

* H 2: Bng phng php ho * H 2: hs tr li. hc hy nhn bit cc kh sau: Dn ln lt tng kh qua dung dch KI c h tinh bt. H2S, O2, O3, HCl + h tinh bt ho xanh : kh O3
O3 + 2KI + H2O 2KOH + I2 + O2 + khng c hin tng g : H2S, O2, HCl

Gv cho hc sinh ln bng lm Dn ln lt 3 kh cn li qua dung dch AgNO3 bi. + kh to kt ta en : H2S H2S + 2AgNO3 Ag2S + 2HNO3 Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, + kh to kt ta trng : HCl b sung HCl + AgNO3 AgCl + HNO3 + khng c hin tng g : O2 * H 3: Hs ln bng lm bi tp 4/132/SGK * H 3: Gv cho Hs ln bng nZn = lm bi tp 4/132/SGK
0, 650 0, 224 = 0, 01(mol ) ; nS = = 0, 007(mol ) 65 32
t S + Zn ZnS
0

Ta c :

nZn nS > => Zn d 1 1

nZn d = 0,01 0,007 = 0,003 (mol) => mZn d = 0,003 . 65 = 0,195 (g) Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha nZnS = nS = 0,007 (mol) b sung, ghi im => mZnS = 0,007 . 97 = 0,679 (g) * H 4: Hs ln bng lm bi tp 5/132/SGK. t 3S + 2Al Al2S3 (1)
0 0

* H 4: Gv cho Hs ln bng 1,5x x lm bi tp 5/132/SGK. t S + Fe FeS y y

(2)

Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha , 1, 28 = 0, 04(mol ) nS = b sung 32 Gi x, y ln lt l s mol ca Al, Fe (x, y > 0) Theo (1), (2) : nS = 1,5x + y = 0,04 (3) Gio n t chn 10 c bn

mhh = mAl + mFe = 27x + 56y = 1,1 (4) t (3), (4) => x = 0,02 y = 0,01 mAl = 0,02 .27 = 0,54 (g) % mAl =
0,54 .100% = 49% 1,1

%mFe = 51% * H 5: Gv cng c li ton bi * H 5: Hc sinh lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp v:SO2-SO3-H2SO4( bm st tit 53, 54)

Tun : 27 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Tip tc cng c kin thc ca tit 53,54 . - Lm cc bi tp c lin quan n tnh cht ho hc ca SO2, SO3, H2SO4. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Cho bit im ging v * H 1: Hs ln bng tr li. khc nhau v tnh cht ho hc - Ging nhau : u c tnh cht ho hc ca oxit axit. ca SO2 v SO3. + Lm qu tm m ho + Tc dng vi oxit bazo tan ,bazo tan to mui SO2 + 2NaOH Na2SO3 + H2O
SO3 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + H2O

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

- Khc nhau: + SO2 va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh SO2 + 2H2S 3S + 2H2O

2SO2 + O2 xt ,t 2SO3 + SO3 khng c tnh oxi ho, khng c tnh kh.
0

* H 2: hs tr li. * H 2: Cho bit tnh cht ho H2SO4 long : l mt axit mnh hc ca H2SO4 long v c. + lm qu tm ho + tc dng vi oxit bazo, bazo to mui Gv cho hc sinh tr li. + tc dng vi mui khc + tc dng vi kim loi trc H2

H2SO4 c : c tnh oxi ho mnh Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, + tc dng hu ht cc kim loi tr Au, Pt b sung + tc dng vi nhiu phi kim , hp cht H2SO4 c ngui khng tc + rt ho nc dng c vi cht no? H2SO4 c ngui khng tc dng vi Al, Fe. * H 3: Hs ln bng lm bi tp 8/139/SGK * H 3: Gv cho Hs ln bng Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 lm bi tp 8/139/SGK FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S H2S + Pb(NO3)2 PbS + 2HNO3
2, 464 23,9 = 0,1(mol ) nhh kh = 22, 4 = 0,11(mol ) ; nPbS = 239

(1) (2) (3)

t (3) : nH S = nPbS = 0,1(mol ) Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha b sung, ghi im t (2) : nFeS = nH S = 0,1(mol )
2 2

=> nH = 0,11 0,1 = 0, 01(mol )

2

M nFe = nH = 0, 01(mol )
2

mFe = 0,01.56 = 0,56(g); mFeS = 0,1.87 = 8,7(g) % mFe = t chn 10 c bn

0,56 .100% = 6% ; %mFeS = 94% 9, 26

Gio n

* H 4: Hc sinh lng nghe. * H 4: Gv cng c li ton bi IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp v:Axit sunfuric v mui sunfat

(bm st tit 55, 56)

Tun : 28 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c tnh cht ca axit H2SO4 v mui SO42 . - Lm cc bi tp c lin quan n tnh cht ho hc ca axit H2SO4 v mui SO42 : bi tp nhn bit, bi tp pha ch dung dch, bi tp nh lng. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs ln bng tr li. * H 1: Nhn bit dung dch Dng dung dch Ba2+, hin tng quan st c l c H2SO4 v mui sunfat ta dng Gio n t chn 10 c bn

thuc th no? Hin tng quan kt ta trng c to thnh. st c l gi? 2+ 2

Ba + SO4 BaSO4

* H 2: hs tr li. * H 2: Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit cc dung dch sau: HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, H2S. Mt Tt
Dd BaCl2 Dd

HCl
Ko hin tng trng

H2SO4

HNO3
hin Ko

H2S
hin

trng Ko

tng tng Ko hin en

Gv cho hc sinh tr li.

tng H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 trng + 2HCl

AgNO3

HCl + AgNO3 AgCl trng + HNO3 Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, H2S + 2AgNO3 Ag2S en + 2HNO3 b sung * H 3: Hs ln bng lm bi tp.

Mt * H 3: Ch dng thm qu tm hy nhn bit cc dd sau : H2SO4, Ba(OH)2, K2SO4, NaCl Tt

Dd BaCl2 Dd AgNO3
2 4

HCl
Ko hin tng trng

H2SO4

HNO3
hin Ko

H2S
hin

trng Ko

tng tng Ko hin en tng

* H 4: Hc sinh trnh by kin Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha a) mddH SO 98% = D.V = 1,84.100 = 184(g) b sung, ghi im 184g H2SO498% 40 40% * H 4: C 100ml dd H2SO4 3 98% ( D = 1,84 g/cm ). Ngi mH O 0% 58 ta mun pha long th tch H2SO4 trn thnh dung dch 184 40 184.58 = mH O = = 266,8( g ) H2SO4 40%. mH O 58 40 a) tnh th tch H2O cn dng . mH O 266, 7 = = 266, 7(ml ) b) Khi pha long phi tin hnh VH O = D 1 nh th no? b) ly 266,7 ml H2O cho vo bnh nh mc, cho100 ml H2SO4 98% vo khuy u nh tay. * H 5: Hc sinh ln bng lm bi. a) 2Al + 3H2SO4(l) Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (1) x 1,5x 1,5x * H 5: Zn + H2SO4(l) ZnSO4 + H2 (2) Cho 18,4 g hn hp 2 kim loi y y y
2 2 2 2 2

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Zn, Al vo dd H2SO4 long d thu c 11,2 lt kh (ktc). a) tm khi lng mi kim loi. b) tm th tch dd H2SO4 2M bit trung ho lng H2SO4 d bng 200 ml KOH 2M.

nH 2 =

11, 2 = 0,5 = 1,5 x + y 22, 4

(3) mhh = 27x + 65y = (4) t (3), (4) => x = 0,2 ; y = 0,2 mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g) ; mZn = 0,2.65 = 13 (g) b) theo (1) v (2) :
nH 2 SO4 pu = nH 2 SO4 (1) = nH 2 SO4 (2) = 1,5 x + y = 0,5(mol )

18,4

Gv sa cha , b sung.

H2SO4 (5)
nH 2 SO4 du = nH 2 SO4bd

2KOH

K2SO4

2H2O

1 1 n KOH = .2.0, 2 = 0, 2(mol ) 2 2 = nH 2 SO4 pu + nH 2 SO4 du = 0,5 + 0, 2 = 0, 7(mol ) 0, 7 = 0,35(l ) 2

VH 2 SO4 2M =

* H 6: Gv cng c li ton bi

* H 6: Hs lng nghe

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp v:Cc dng bi tp lin quan n tnh cht ca oxi lu hunh ( bm st tit 57, 58)

Tun : 29 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Cng c , n tp v oxi, lu hunh. - Cng c k nng lm bi tp hon thnh s phn ng, nhn bit kh,nhn bit dung dch, iu ch, bi tp nh lng. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Gio n t chn 10 c bn

* n nh lp * H 1: Hs ln bng tr li. * H 1: Hon thnh s t 1. S + H2 H2S phn ng( ghi r K nu c) t 2. 2H2S + 3O2 2SO2 + 2H2O xt ,t (2) (4) (1) (3) 3. 2SO2 + O2 2SO3 SO2 S H2S SO3 H2SO4 4. SO3 + H2O H2SO4 (5) (6) BaSO4 5. H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 trng + 2HCl (7) (8) (9) FeS H2S S Na2SO3 t 6. S + Fe FeS 7. FeS + HCl FeCl2 + H2S 8. SO2 + 2H2S 3S + 2H2O 9. 3S + 6NaOH 2Na2S + Na2SO3 + 3H2O * H 2: hs tr li.
0 0 0 0

* H 2: Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit cc kh sau: O2, O3, H2S, HCl, SO2, CO2.

Mt Tt
HTB Dd AgNO3 Dd Br2

O2

O3

H2S

HCl

SO2

CO2

Dd KI + Khng ht Khng ht Khng ht

dd Khng Khng xanh ht en ht

Khng Khng ht ht Khng Khng ht Mt mu Br2 ht Khng ht

trn
g

Gv cho hc sinh tr li. Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, b sung

Dd

Khng

trn
g

Ca(OH)2 ht

O3 + 2KI + H2O 2KOH + I2 + O2 H2S + 2AgNO3 Ag2S en + 2HNO3

HCl + AgNO3 AgCl trng + HNO3

SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O 2HBr + H2SO4

CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O

* H 3: Nhn bit cc dung * H 3: Hs ln bng lm bi tp. dch sau bng phng php Mt ho hc: Na2SO4, NaOH, KCl H2SO4 HNO3 Tt H2SO4, KCl, HNO3.
Qu tm Dd tm Ko hin trng

Na2SO4 NaOH
xanh

tm Ko hin trng

tng tng Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha BaCl2 H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 trng + 2HCl b sung, ghi im Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 trng + 2NaCl

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

* H 4: Hc sinh trnh by kin t , xt * H 4: Cho cc cht sau: 2KClO3 2KCl + 3O2 t KClO3, S. hy iu ch SO2, S + O2 SO2 2SO2 + O2 xt ,t 2SO3 SO3. * H 5: Hc sinh ln bng lm bi. t Zn + S ZnS * H 5 : Gv cho Hs gii bi (1) tp 8/147 SGK. t Fe + S FeS Cho Zn, Fe tc dng vi S d (2) ZnS + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2S (3) thu c cc sn phm no FeS + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2S (4) sau phn ng? Gi x,y ln lt l s mol ca Zn, Fe (5) Hn hp ZnS, FeS, S tc dng mhh = 65x + 56y = 3,72 1,344 vi H2SO4 long th cht no nH S = = 0, 06(mol ) 22, 4 tham gia phn ng, thu c sn phm g? T (1),(2),(3),(4) : nH S = x + y = 0,06 (6) Kh thot ra l kh g? S mol T (5), (6) : x = 0,04 ; y = 0,02 l bao nhiu? mZn = 0,04.65 = 2,6(g) ; mFe = 0,02.56 = 1,12 Gv sa cha , b sung. (g)
0 0 0 0 0 2 2

* H 6:Gv cng c li ton bi

* H 6:Hs lng nghe

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp v:Cc dng bi tp lin quan n cc hp cht ca lu hunh (bm st tit 59)

Tun : 30 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Tip tc cng c , n tp v oxi, lu hunh. - Tip tc n tp cc dng bi tp nhn bit, bi tp nh lng di dng bi tp trc nghim. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp Gio n t chn 10 c bn

2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs tr li. * H 1: Cho cc dung dch sau : Chn phng n B NaCl, Na2SO4, Ba(OH)2, H2SO4. chn 1 thuc th nhn bit cc dung Mt NaCl Na2SO4 Ba(OH)2 H2SO4 dch trn. Tt A. Phenolphtalein Qu tm tm tm xanh B. qu tm Dd Khng trn C. dd AgNO3 Ba(OH)2 ht g D. dd BaCl2 * H 2: Hs ln bng lm bi tp. * H 2: Cho 6,72 lt SO2(ktc) vo 300 ml dd NaOH 2,5M. a) sn phm thu c sau phn ng l: A. NaHSO3 B. Na2SO3 C. NaHSO3, Na2SO3 D. NaHSO3 , SO2 E. Na2SO3, NaOH b) Khi lng cc cht sau phn ng l : A. 78(g) NaHSO3 B. 37,8 (g) Na2SO3 C. 78(g) NaHSO3, 37,8 (g) Na2SO3 D. 6(g) NaOH, 37,8 (g) Na2SO3 E. kt qu khc a)
nSO2 = 6, 72 = 0,3(mol ) 22, 4

nNaOH = 2,5.0,3 = 0,75 (mol)

nNaOH 0, 75 = = 2,5 > 2 => to Na2SO3 v NaOH n SO2 0,3

d Chn E. b) SO2 + 2NaOH Na2SO3 + H2O nNaOH d = 0,75 2.0,3 = 0,15 (mol) mNaOH d = 0,15 . 40 = 6(g)
mNa2 SO3 = 0,3.126 = 37,8 (g)

Chn D. * H 3: Hc sinh trnh by kin * H 3: Cho 5,4 gam Al vo dd 2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 +3 H2 H2SO4 long 2M va . a) th tch kh thu c ktc l : 5, 4 nAl = = 0, 2(mol ) A. 6,72 lt B. 4,48,lt 27 C. 2,24 lt D. 1,12 lt nH = 1,5nAl = 1,5 . 0,2= 0,3 (mol) b) th tch dung dch H2SO4 2M V H = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (lt) dng l:
2 2

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

A. 300ml . 200ml

B. 150ml D. 250ml

Chn A
VH 2 SO4 =

nH 2 SO4 = 1,5nAl = 1,5.0, 2 = 0,3(mol ) 0,3 = 0,15(l ) = 150ml 2

Chn B * H 4: cho 33,2 gam hn hp 2 kim loi Mg, Zn tc dng vi dd H2SO4 long d thu c 15,68 lt H2 (ktc). Khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp l: A. 26g Mg, 7,2g Zn B. 13g Mg, 20,2g Zn C. 7,2g Mg, 26g Zn D. 20,2g Mg, 13g Zn E. kt qu khc * H 4: Hc sinh ln bng lm bi. Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 (1) Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 Gi x,y ln lt l s mol ca Zn, Fe mhh (3)
nH 2 = x + y = 15, 68 = 0, 7( mol ) 22, 4

H2 (2)

24x

65y

33,2

T (3), (4) : x = 0,3 ; y = 0,4

mMg = 0,3.24 = 7,2(g) ; mZn = 0,4. 65 =

* H 5:Gv cng c li ton bi

26 (g) Chn C. * H 5:Hs lng nghe

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp u nm

Tun : 01 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Tip tc cng c , n tp cc kin thc c bn hc THCS c lin quan n chng trnh lp 10. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs tr li. * H 1: m gam CaS tc dng vi a) CaS + 2HBr CaCl2 + H2S m1gam dd HBr 8,58% thu c m2 gam dd trong mui c nng n = 0, 672 = 0, 03(mol ) H S 22, 4 9,6% v 672 ml kh H2S (ktc) a) tnh m, m1, m2 Gi s CaS ht : b) dd HBr dng d hay dng . Nu nCaS = nCaBr = nH S = 0, 03( mol ) d hy tnh C%HBr d.
2 2 2

m = mCaS = 0,03.72 = 2,16(g) Gv cho Hs tho lun theo nhm trong mH S = 0, 03.34 = 1, 02( g ) 10 pht.
2

CaBr2

= 0, 03.200 = 6( g )

m2 = mdd sau p = 9, 6 .100 = 62,5( g ) p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c : Hs ln bng trnh by. mCaS + mdd HBr = mdd sau + mH S
2

mdd HBr = mdd sau + mH S - mCaS

2

= 62,5 + 1,02 2,16 = 61,36(g) mHBr bd =

61,36.8,58 = 5, 26( g ) 100

mHBr pu = 0,03.2.81 = 4,86 (g) mHBr d = 5,26 4,86 = 0,4(g) C%HBr d = 62,5 .100 = 0, 64% * H 2: Ho tan 15,5 gam Na2O vo * H 2: Hs ln bng lm bi tp. nc c 0,5 lt dung dch A. a) vit ptpu v tnh CM ca dung dch a) Na2O + H2O 2NaOH A b) tm th tch dung dch H2SO4 n = 15,5 = 0, 25(mol ) Na O 62 20%b(D = 1,14 g/ml) cn dng trung ho ht dung dch A.
2

0, 4

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Theo pt : nNaOH = 2nNa O = 2.0, 25 = 0,5(mol )

2

CM NaOH =

0,5 = 1M 0,5

b) H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O

nH 2 SO4 = CM = 1 1 nNaOH = .0,5 = 0, 25( mol ) 2 2

10.D.C % 10.1,14.20 = = 2,33( M ) M 98 n 0, 25 = = 0,11(lit ) CM 2,33

VH 2 SO4 =

* H 3:Gv cng c li ton bi

* H 3: Hc sinh lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn : Tun : 02 I. Mc tiu bi hc: t chn 10 c bn

n tp v:Thnh phn nguyn t-nguyn t ha hc (bm st tit 3,4 )

Ngy son : Ngy dy : Gio n

- Tip tc cng c , n tp v thnh phn nguyn t, in tch ht nhn, nguyn t ho hc. - Rn luyn k nng xc nh Z, A, N, vit k hiu nguyn t. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs tr li. * H 1: in tch ht nhn l g? in tch ht nhn l tng in tch ca cc ht p Xc nh nh th no? c trong ht nhn. C Z proton th in tch ht Cho k hiu nguyn t sau: 199F. nhn nhn l Z+. vo k hiu ta bit c nhng g 19 9F : c A = 19, Z = E = 9 => N = 19 9 = 10 v nguyn t ? Nguyn t khi l 19. Stt = 9 * H 2: Hs lm vic theo nhm. * H 2: Gv ra bi tp cho 4 nhm tho lun trong 5-7 pht. + Nhm 1 : gi tng s ht p,e,n ln lt l : + Nhm 1: Mt nguyn t R c tng Z,E,N cc loi ht l 115. s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l Z + E + N = 115 25. tm s khi, s p, tn R. vit k M Z = E => 2Z + N = 115 (1) hiu nguyn t ca R. Ta li c : Z + E - N = 25 => 2Z - N = 25 T (1), (2) => Z = E = 35 ; N = 45 A = Z + N = 35 + 45 = 80 R l Br ( Brom) + Nhm 2 : Mt nguyn t D c tng cc loi ht l 52. s ht khng mang + Nhm 2 : in nhiu hn s ht mang in m gi tng s ht p,e,n ln lt l : Z, E, N l 1. tm s khi, s p, tn R. vit k hiu nguyn t ca D. Z + E + N = 52 M Z = E => 2E + N = 52 Ta li c : N- E = 1 T (1), (2) => Z = E = 17 ; N = 18 Gio n t chn 10 c bn (1) (2) K hiu nguyn t : 8035Br (2)

A = Z + N = 17 + 18 = 35 R l Cl ( Clo) + Nhm 3 : Mt nguyn t B c tng K hiu nguyn t : 3517Cl cc loi ht l 38. s ht mang in + Nhm 3 : gi tng s ht p,e,n ln lt l : nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 10. tm s khi, s p, tn R. vit k Z,E,N hiu nguyn t ca D. Z + E + N = 38 M Z = E => 2Z + N = 38 Ta li c : Z + E - N = 10 => 2Z - N = 10 T (1), (2) => Z = E = 12 ; N = 14 A = Z + N = 12 + 14 = 26 R l Mg ( Magie) + Nhm 4 : Mt nguyn t X c tng cc loi ht l 25. s ht khng mang K hiu nguyn t : 2612Mg in t hn s ht mang in l 7 ht. + Nhm 4 : gi tng s ht p,e,n ln lt l : tm s khi, s p, tn R. vit k hiu nguyn t ca D. Z,E,N Z + E + N = 25 M Z = E => 2Z + N = 25 Ta li c : Z + E - N = 7 => 2Z - N = 7 T (1), (2) => Z = E = 8 ; N = 9 * H 3:Gv cng c li ton bi A = Z + N = 8 + 9 = 17 R l O ( Oxi) K hiu nguyn t : 178O * H 3: Hc sinh lng nghe. IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung: (2) (1) (2) (1)

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Tit t chn :

n tp v: Cc dng ton lin quan n cu to nguyn t(bm st tit 11,12)

Tun : 06 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - Luyn tp xc nh s e,p,n, A. vit k hiu nguyn t, vit cu hnh electron. - Tm nguyn t khi trung bnh ca nguyn t. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs tho lun, ln bng trnh by. * H 1: Gv ra bi tp cho hc sinh Gi x l % s nguyn t ca 79 Br tho lun. 79 Tm % s nguyn t ca Br v (100 x) l % s nguyn t ca 81Br 81 Br , bit Br c 2 ng v v ABr x.79 + (100 x).81 ABr = = 79,91 =79,91. 100 Gv cho hc sinh ln bng lm bi. Gv cho hc sinh nhn xt, gv sa cha, b sung. * H 2: Gv ra bi tp Tng s ht trong nguyn t D l 94. trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 22 ht. a) Vit k hiu nguyn t D. b) vit cu hnh e ca D. Gv cho hc sinh tho lun. x = 54,5 Vy % 79 Br l 54,5%; % 81Br l 45,5%. * H 2: Hs ln bng lm bi. Gi tng s ht e,p,n ln lt l : E, Z, N E + Z + N = 94 M E = Z => 2Z + N = 94 Ta li c : 2Z N = 22 T (1), (2) => E = Z = 29; N = 36 A = Z + N = 29 + 36 = 65 (1) (2)

Gv cho hc sinh nhn xt, gv sa K hiu nguyn t : 6529D cha, b sung. b) cu hnh e: 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1 * H 3: Hc sinh lng nghe, ghi chp v tr li. * H 3:Gv ra bi tp Hy chn cu pht biu ng: a) 1s22s22p3 l cu hnh e nguyn t a) chn C ca Gio n t chn 10 c bn

A. B B. C C. N D. O 2 2 6 2 2 b) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p l cu hnh e nguyn t ca A. Na B. Al C. Si D. Cl 2 2 6 2 6 2 c) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s l cu hnh e nguyn t ca A. Cl B. Ar C. K D. Ca * H 4:Gv ra bi tp Hy cho bit s e lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t c s e ln lt bng a) 3 b) 5 c) 6 d) 8 * H 5:Gv sa bi tp ra v nh. Tng s ht ca nguyn t nguyn t H l 25. a) vit k hiu nguyn t H. b) vit cu hnh e ca H. c) H l kim loi , phi kim hay kh him.

b) chn C c) chn D * H 4: Hc sinh tr li a) s e lp ngoi cng bng 1 do 1s22s1 b) 1s22s22p1 => c 3 e lp ngoi cng. c) 1s22s22p2 => c 4e lp ngoi cng. d) 1s22s22p4 => c 6e lp ngoi cng. * H 4: Hc sinh nghe, ghi chp. Gi tng s ht e,p,n ln lt l : E, Z, N E + Z + N = 25 M E = Z => 2Z + N = 25 => N = 25 2Z Ta li c : Z N 1,5Z Z 25 2Z 1,5Z
25 = 8,3 3 25 Z 3,5 = 7,1

* H 6:Gv cng c li ton bi.

=> Z =8 ; N = 9 ; A = 17 a) k hiu nguyn t: 178H b) cu hnh e: 1s22s22p4 c) H l phi kim v c 6e lp ngoi cng. * H 6:Hs lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Tit t chn :

n tp v: Tc phn ng ha hc
(bm st tit 61,62)

Tun : 31 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - n tp khi nim tc phn ng. - n tp cc yu t nh hng n tc phn ng. - lm cc bi tp cng c l thuyt. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs tr li. * H 1: Tc phn ng l bin thin nng ca Th no l tc phn ng? mt trong cc cht phn ng hoc sn phm trong mt n v thi gian. * H 2: * H 2: Hs tr li. C cc yu t no nh hng n tc Cc yu t nh hng n tc phn ng l : phn ng? + nh hng ca nng + nh hng ca nhit + nh hng ca p sut + nh hng ca din tch b mt + nh hng ca cht xc tc * H 3: Hc sinh tr li. * H 3: Phn ng nhanh: pu gia dd HCl + dd AgNO3; Tm mt s v d cho mi loi phn dd H2SO4 + Ba(OH)2; t than ci ng nhanh v chm m em quan st Phn ng chm: mui da; lm Jaour; ln men c trong cuc sng v trong phng ru; oxi ha st trong khng kh m th nghim. * H 4: * H 4: hs chn phng n ng l B. Trong phng th nghim, iu ch O2 t mui KClO3. ngi ta dng cch no sau y nhm mc ch tng tc phn ng? A. nung kaliclorat nhit cao Gio n t chn 10 c bn

B. nung hn hp kaliclorat tinh th v mngndioxit nhit cao. C. un nng nh kaliclorat tinh th D. un nng nh dung dch kaliclorat bo ha. * H 5: Hy cho bit ngi ta s dng bin php no tng tc phn ng ha hc trong cc trng hp sau y? a) rc men vo tinh bt c nu chn( cm, ng, khoai, sn) ru. b) to thnh nhng l rng trong vin than t ong. c) nn hn hp kh N2 v H2 p sut cao tng hp NH3. d) nung hn hp bt vi, t st v thch anh nhit cao sn xut clinke trong cn sn xut xi mng. e) dng phng php ngc dng trong sn xut H2SO4. * H 6: Trong mi cp phn ng sau, phn ng no c tc nhanh hn? a) Fe + dd HCl 0,1M v Fe + dd HCl 2M cng nhit . b) Al + dd NaOH 2M 250C v Al + dd NaOH 2M 500C. c) Zn (ht) + dd HCl 1M 250C v Zn (bt) + dd HCl 1M 250C. d) nhit phn KClO3 v nhit phn hn hp KClO3 vi MnO2. * H 7: Gv cng c li ton bi

* H 5: Hs tr li. a) men ru c tc dng xc tc lm tng tc phn ng ( n l mt loi xc tc sinh hc ). b) nhng l rng trong vin than t ong lm tng din tch tip xc ca than vi oxi khng kh, lm tng tc phn ng ha hc. c) Nn hn hp 2 kh p sut cao lm tng nng 2 kh, lm tng tc phn ng ha hc. d) dng bin php tng nhit tng tc phn ng. e) lm tng din tch tip xc( SO3 i t di ln, H2SO4 98% i t trn nh thp hp th xung ) * H 6: Hs tr li. a) Cp Fe + dd HCl 0,1M c tc phn ng xy ra chm hn cp Fe + dd HCl 2M cng nhit , do c s khc nhau v nng . b) cp Al + dd NaOH 2M 250C xy ra chm hn cp Al + dd NaOH 2M 500C, do cp th 2 c nhit cao hn. c) Cp Zn (ht) + dd HCl 1M 250C xy ra chm hn cp Zn (bt) + dd HCl 1M 250C, do cp th 2 c kch thc ht nh hn. d) nhit phn hn hp KClO3 vi MnO2 xy ra nhanh hn do c xc tc lm tng tc phn ng. * H 7: hc sinh lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

Tit t chn :

n tp v: Tc phn ng v cn bng ha hc (bm st tit 63,64)

Tun : 32 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - n tp cc yu t nh hng n tc phn ng. - lm cc bi tp cng c l thuyt. - n tp v cn bng ha hc- phn I. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs tr li. * H 1: + tng nng cht phn ng Tc phn ng tng khi no? + tng nhit cho phn ng + tng p sut cht phn ng ( nu l cht kh) + tng din tch b mt cht phn ng + c mt cht cht xc tc * H 2: Hs tr li. * H 2: Trong cc cp phn ng sau, phn a) Fe + CuSO4 4M xy ra nhanh hn Fe + ng no c tc ln hn? CuSO4 2M . a) Fe + CuSO4 2M v Fe + CuSO4 b) Zn + CuSO4 (2M, 500C) xy ra nhanh hn Zn 4M + CuSO4 (2M, 250C) b) Zn + CuSO4 (2M, 250C) v Zn + CuSO4 (2M, 500C) c) Zn(bt) + CuSO4 2M xy ra nhanh hn c) Zn(ht) + CuSO4 2M v Zn(bt) + Zn(ht) + CuSO4 2M t thuong , Pt CuSO4 2M d) H2 + O2 H2O xy ra nhanh hn H2 t thuong t thuong c) H2 + O2 H2O v H2 + + O2 H2O t thuong , Pt O2 H2O. * H 3: * H 3: Hc sinh suy ngh tr li. Tc phn ng H2 + Cl2 2HCl T 200C ln 1700C tng 1500C.
0 0 0 0

Gio n t chn 10 c bn

tng ln bao nhiu ln khi tng nhit t 200C ln 1700C, bit rng khi nhit tng ln 250C th tc phn ng tng ln 3 ln. * H 4: Khi nhit tng thm 100C tc phn ng tng ln 3 ln. nu mun tc phn ng tng ln 243 ln th cn phi thc hin nhit bao nhiu? Bit rng phn ng ang thc hin nhit 200C. Gv hng dn hc sinh cch lm bi. * H 5: Tc dng gia CO v Cl2 din ra theo pt: CO + Cl2 COCl2 Nng CO l 0,3 mol/l, ca clo l 0,2 mol/l. hi tc phn ng s thay i nh th no nu nng ca clo tng ln 0,6 mol/l, ca CO tng ln 1,2 mol/l. * H 6: - th no l phn ng 1 chiu, phn ng khng thun nghch? Ly v d.

khi nhit tng ln 250C th tc phn ng tng ln 3 ln. vy c

150 = 6 ln tng nhit 25

. Tc phn ng tng ln 36 = 729 ln. * H 4: Hc sinh suy ngh tr li. Gi x l s ln tng nhit : 3x = 243 => x =5 Phn ng tng thm 5.100C = 500C. Vy nhit cn thc hin : 200C + 500C = 700C th tc phn ng tng ln 243 ln. * H 5: Hs suy ngh tr li. p dng cng thc tnh tc phn ng ta c: V = k. [ CO ] .[ Cl2 ] Tc phn ng ban u: V1 = k. [ CO ] .[ Cl2 ] = k.0,3.0.2 = 0,06k. Tc phn ng sau: V2 = k. [ CO ] .[ Cl2 ] = k .1,2.0,6 = 0,72k
V2 0, 72k

Vy tc phn ng tng : V = 0, 06k = 12 ln 1 * H 6: Hs tr li. - phn ng 1 chiu l phn ng ch xy ra theo mt chiu t tri sang phi. Vd: AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3 - phn ng thun nghch l phn ng xy ra theo 2 chiu tri ngc nhau trong cng iu - khi no cn bng ha hc c thit kin. Vd : H2 + I2 t , xt 2HI lp i vi phn ng thun nghch? - v sao ni cn bng ha hc l cn - cn bng ha hc c thit lp khi tc phn ng thun bng tc phn ng nghch. bng ng? - cn bng ha hc l cn bng ng v: trng thi cn bng, khng phi phn ng dng li m phn ng thun v phn ng nghch vn xy ra, nhng vi tc bng nhau. iu ny c ngha l trong mt n v thi gian, nng cc cht phn ng gim i bao nhiu theo phn ng thun li c to ra by nhiu theo phn ng nghch. * H 7: hc sinh lng nghe. * H 7: Gv cng c li ton bi
0

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: Gio n t chn 10 c bn

n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Tit t chn :

n tp v: Cc dng bi tp lin quan n tc phn ng v cn bng ha hc(bm st tit 65,66)

Tun : 33 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - n tp v cn bng ha hc- phn II. - Lm cc bi tp v cn bng ha hc. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs tr li. * H 1: Cn bng b chuyn dch t trng thi cn bng Khi no c s chuyn dch cn bng ny sang trng thi cn bng khc khi c s tc ha hc? ng ca cc yu t t bn ngoi ln cn bng. * H 2: Hs tr li. Nng * H 2: nh hng : p sut Cc yu t nh hng n cn bng nhit ha hc? * H 3: Hc sinh suy ngh tr li. Cht xc tc khng nh hng n cn bng ha * H 3: hc. n c vai tr lm tng tc phn ng. Cht xc tc c lm cn bng chuyn * H 4: Hc sinh suy ngh tr li. dch khng? N ng vai tr g? * xt h : H >0 C (r) + H2O (k) CO (k) + H2 (k) * H 4: a) tng nhit cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu Xt cc h sau trong mt bnh kn: thun. C (r) + H2O (k) CO (k) + H2 (k) b) thm lng hi nc vo cn bng chuyn H >0 dch theo chiu thun. CO2 (k) + H2 (k) c) thm kh H2 vo cn bng chuyn dch theo CO (k) + H2O (k) Gio n t chn 10 c bn

chiu nghch. cc cn bng trn bin i nh th d) tng p sut chung bng cch nn cho th tch no khi bin i mt trong cc iu ca h gim xung cn bng chuyn dch theo kin sau: chiu nghch. a) tng nhit e) dng cht xc tc: cn bng khng b chuyn b) thm lng hi nc vo dch. c) thm kh H2 vo * xt h : d) tng p sut chung bng cch nn CO (k) + H2O (k) CO2 (k) + H2 (k) H <0 cho th tch ca h gim xung a) tng nhit cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu e) dng cht xc tc. nghch. b) thm lng hi nc vo cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun. c) thm kh H2 vo cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch. d) tng p sut chung bng cch nn cho th tch ca h gim xung cn bng khng chuyn dch. e) dng cht xc tc: cn bng khng b chuyn dch. * H 5: Hs suy ngh tr li. * H 5: - tng nhit ( un nng ) Cho phn ng sau : - ly O2 ra khi h 2Cu2O (r ) + O2 (k) 4CuO (r) H >0 C th dng nhng bin php g tng hiu sut chuyn ha CuO thnh Cu2O? * H 6: Hs tr li. * H 6: - tng nhit phn ng. Cho phn ng thun nghch sau: - ly CO2, H2O ra ngoi
2NaHCO3 (r ) Na2CO3 (r ) + CO2 (k) + H2O (k)

H <0

C th dng nhng bin php g * H 7: hc sinh lng nghe. Tng Cn bng chuyn ha nhanh v hon ton chuyn dch NaHCO3 thnh Na2CO3? theo chiu * H 7: Gv cng c li ton bi theo Nhit Gim Cn bng bng sau: chuyn dch theo chiu p sut Tng Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu Gim Cn bng chuyn dch t chn 10 c bn

H >0

Thu nhit H >0 Ta nhit H <0 Gim phn kh Tng phn s t s t

Gio n

Nng

Xc tc IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

theo chiu kh Tng Cn bng Gim chuyn dch nng theo chiu Gim Cn bng Tng chuyn dch nng theo chiu Khng lm chuyn dch cn bng

Tit t chn :

n tp hc k II

Tun : 34 Ngy son : Ngy dy : I. Mc tiu bi hc: - n tp ton b kin thc trong chng trnh hc k II - Lm cc bi tp nhn bit, hon thnh s phn ng, bi tp cn bng ha hc, bi tp nh lng nhm cng c l thuyt. II. Chun b : 1. Gio vin : Chun b gio n, h thng cu hi + bi tp 2. Hc sinh : Sch v ghi chp, hc bi, lm bi tp nh. III. Tin trnh day hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * n nh lp * H 1: Hs ln bng hon thnh. * H 1: t 1. S + H2 H2S Hon thnh s phn ng sau( ghi r iu t kin) 2. 2H2S + 3O2 2SO2 + 2H2O
0 0

3. 2SO2 + O2 t , xt 2SO3

4. SO3 + H2O H2SO4

S
(1)

H2S
(7)

SO2
(8)

(3)

SO3
(9)

H2SO4
(5)

t 5. H2SO4() + NaCl HCl + NaHSO4

0

(6)

FeS

H2S

HBr

HCl AgBr

10

Cl2

11

NaClO

t 6. S + Fe FeS
0

7. FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S 8. H2S + Br2 + H2O H2SO4 + HBr Gio n

Gv cho 2 hc sinh ln bng hon thnh. t chn 10 c bn

9. HBr + AgNO3 AgBr + HNO3

t 10. 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 +
0

2H2O

11. Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O * H 2: Hs ln bng. * H 2: Bng phng php ha hc hy nhn bit Mt H SO HCl NaCl KOH Ba(OH) K SO cc dung dch sau: H2SO4, HCl, NaCl, Tt K2SO4, KOH, Ba(OH)2. Qu tm tm xanh xanh tm Gv cho Hs ln bng lm bi Ba(OH) tr tr H SO tr Gv cho Hs nhn xt, sa cha, b sung Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + K2SO4 BaSO4 + 2KOH * H 3: * H 3: Hc sinh suy ngh tr li. Cho cn bng ha hc sau: a) cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun CaCO3 (r) CaO (r) + CO2 (k) H >0 b) cn bng khng chuyn dch do cht rn iu g s xy ra nu thc hin mt trong khng nh hng n chuyn dch cn nhng bin i sau: bng. a) tng dung tch bnh phn ng ln. c) cn bng khng chuyn dch do cht rn b) thm CaCO3 vo bnh phn ng khng nh hng n chuyn dch cn c) ly bt CaO khi bnh phn ng bng. d) thm t git NaOH vo bnh phn ng d) cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun e) tng nhit . do CO2 tc dng vi NaOH lm gimr nng CO2. e) cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun * H 4: cho 20 gam hn hp bt Mg v Fe * H 4: Hc sinh suy ngh tr li. tc dng vi dung dch HCl 2M d thu c a) Mg + 2 HCl MgCl + H (1) 2 2 11,2 lt kh ktc. FeCl2 + H2 Fe + 2 HCl (2) a) tm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn Gi x, y ln lt l s mol ca Mg, Fe. hp. mhh = 24x + 56y = 20 (gam) (3)
2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4

nH 2 =

x + y =

11, 2 = 22, 4

0,5(mol)

(4) T (3) v (4) => x= 0,25; y = 0,25 mMg = 0,25.24 = 6(g) mFe = 0,25.56 = 14(g) b) tm th tch dung dch HCl 2M dng b) t (1) v (2) bit trung ha lng axit d cn 10ml dung => nHCl = 2.0,25 + 2.0,25 = 1(mol) dch Ba(OH)2 1M. Gio n t chn 10 c bn

2HCl + Ba(OH)2 BaCl2 + 2H2O (5) T (5) => nHCl = 2 nBa (OH ) = 2.1.0,01= 0,02(mol) * H 5: Gv cng c li ton bi theo bng nHCl = 1 + 0,02 = 1,02 (mol) sau: 1, 02 VHCl = = 0,51(lt)
2

* H 5: Hs lng nghe.

IV. Cng c dn d Bi tp v nh: n tp l thuyt. Lm bi tp trong SGK v SBT. V. Rt kinh nghim B sung:

Gio n t chn 10 c bn