Tuyn tp thi Violympic mn Ton lp 5

Bi 1: Tm mt phn s bit mu s hn t s 45 n v v bit phn s c gi tr bng 2/5

Tr li:
Phn s l: 30/75
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 2: Tm hai s t nhin bit tng ca chng bng 2011 v bit gia chng c tt c 9 s chn.
Gii: Hai s t nhin lin tip c tng bng 2011 l:
( 2011 + 1 ) : 2 = 1006
( 2011 - 1 ) : 2 = 1005
V khong gia c 9 s chn nn ta c:
S nh l : 1005 9 = 996
S ln l : 1006 + 9 = 1015
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 3: Tm 2 s bit tng c chng bng 571 v bit gia chng c tt c 18 s chn.
Gii: Hai s t nhin lin tip c tng l 571ca n l:
S ln l: ( 571 + 1 ) : 2 = 286
S b l : ( 571 1 ) : 2 = 285
V c 18 s chn gia nn ta c:
S ln l: 286 + 18 = 304
S b l : 285 18 = 267
p s: 267 v 304
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 4: Trong mt php chia hai s t nhin bit thng bng 3 s d bng 24 v bit hiu gia s b chia v s
chia bng 218.
Tm s b chia v s chia .
Bi gii:
Gi s chia l x theo bi ton ta c:
( 3x + 24) x = 218 ==> x = 97
Vy s b chia l:
( 97 x 3 ) + 24 = 315
p s: s b chia l 315; s chia l 97
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 5: S t nhin b nht c cc ch s khc nhau m tng cc ch s bng 20 l s no?
Bi gii:
S t nhin l: 389
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 6: Tm hai s t nhin bit tng ca chng bng 571 v bit gia chng c tt c 18 s chn.
Tr li:
S bl: ( 571 1 ) : 2 18 = 267
S lnl: ( 571 +1 ) : 2 + 18 = 304
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 7: Tm hai s t nhin bit tng ca chng bng 999 v bit gia chng c tt c 25 s l.
Tr li:
S b l: ( 999 1) : 2 25 = 474
S ln l: ( 999 + 1) : 2 + 25 = 525
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 8: Tm mt phn s bit tng ca t s v mu s ca phn s bng 215 v bit phn s c gi tr bng
38/57. ( tc 2/3)
Tr li:

Phn s l: 86/129
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 9: Bit trung bnh cng ca hai s bng 185 v bit s ln hn s b 24 n v. Tm hai s .
Tr li:
S b l: [( 185 x 2 ) 24] : 2 = 173
S ln l: [(185 x 2 ) + 24 ] : 2 = 197
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 10: Cho mt hnh ch nht c chu vi bng 120 cm. Bit chiu di hn chiu rng 8cm. Tnh s o mi cnh
ca hnh ch nht .
Tr li:
So o chiu rng l: 26 cm
S o chiu di l: 34 cm
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 11: Tm mt phn s bit mu s hn t s l 52 n v v tng gia t s v mu s ca phn s bng
86.
Tr li:
Phn s l: 17/69
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 12: Mt t trong 3 gi i c 135km. Hi trong 5 gi t i dc bao nhiu km?
Tr li:
Trong 5 gi t i c: 225km
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 13: Hiu ca hai s bng 85.T s ca hai s l 3/2. Tm hai s .
Tr li:
S b l: 170
S ln l: 255
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 14: Mt cng nhn nu lm 26 ngy th c tr 3900000 ng. Hi nu ngi ch lm trong 10 ngy th
c tr bao nhiu tin? ( s tin c tr mi ngy l nh nhau.)
Tr li:
S tin trong 10 ngy cng nhn lm c: 1500000 ng
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 15: Mt hnh ch nht c chu vi 190cm,bit chiu rng bng 2/3 chiu di. Tnh s o chiu di, chiu rng.
Tr li:
S o chiu di l: 57cm
S o chiu rng l : 38cm
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 16: Tng ca hai s bng 344. S th nht bng 5/3 s th hai (tc mt hai phn ba) . Tm hai s .
Tr li:
S th nht l: 215
S th hai l: 129
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 17: Bc an mua 5m vi ht 450000 ng.
Hi nu bc An mua 15m vi nh th ht bao nhiu tin?
Tr li:
Bc an mua 15m vi ht 1350000 ng
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 18: Mt hnh ch nht c chu vi 168cm, bit chiu rng bng 3/4 chiu di. Tnh s o chiu di chiu rng.
Tr li:
S o chiu di l: 48cm

S o chiu rng l: 36cm

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 19: Hiu ca hai s bng 154. T s ca hai s l 5/3 ( tc mt hai phn ba). Tm hai s .
Tr li:
S b l: 231
S ln l: 385
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 20: Hin nay tng s tui ca hai ng chu l 78 tui. Bit tui chu c bao nhiu thng th tui ng c by
nhiu nm.
Tnh tui hai ng chu hin nay.
Tr li:
Tui ng hin nay l: 72 tui.
Tui chu hin nay l: 6 tui.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 21: Mt n v b i chun b mt s lng thc cho 100 ngi n trong 30 ngy. Hi s lng thc
cho 60 ngi n trong bao nhiu ngy? ( Tiu chun n ca mi ngi khng thay i )
Tr li:S lng thc cho 60 ngi n trong 50 ngy.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 22: Hin nay tng s tui ca hai m con l 42 tui. Bit sau 4 nm na tui m gp 4 ln tui con. Tnh tui
ca hai m con hin nay.
Tr li:
Tui m hin nay l: 36 tui.
Tui con hin nay l: 6 tui.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 23: Hin nay tng s tui ca hai b con l 68 tui. Bit 4 nm trc y tui b gp 3 ln tui con. Tnh tui
hai b con hin nay.
Tr li:
Tui b hin nay l 49 tui.
Tui con hin nay l 19 tui.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 24: Trong mt php chia hai s t nhin bit thng bng 2 s d bng 19 v bit tng ca s b chia v s
chia bng 340.
Tm s chia v s b chia ca php chia .
Tr li:
S chia ca php chia l: 107.
S b chia ca php chia l: 233.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 25: Tm hai s t nhin bit s ln chia cho s b c thng l 4 d 19 v bit hiu hai s l 133.
Tr li:
Cu 1: S b l: 38
Cu 2: s ln l: 171
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 26: Tm hai s bit tng ca chng bng 186 v bit s ln chia cho s b bng 2 d 12.
Tr li:
S b l: 58
S ln l: 128
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 27: Hin nay tng s tui ca hai b chu l 65 tui. Bit tui chu c bao nhiu thng th tui b c by
nhiu nm.
Tnh tui hai b chu hin nay.

Tr li:
Tui b hin nay l: 60 tui.
Tui chu hin nay l: 5 tui.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 28: Tm s 3a7b bit s chia ht cho 2; 5v 9.
Tr li:
S l: 3870
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 29: Tm hai s bit tng ca chng bng 195 v bit nu em s th nht nhn vi 2; s th 2 nhn vi 3 th
c hai tch c kt qu bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l: 117.
S th hai l: 78.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 30: Hiu hai s bng 402. S th nht bng 7/4 s th hai.
Tm hai s .
Tr li: S th nht l: 938
S th hai l: 536.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 31: So snh phn s:
1. 75/100 1/3
3. 1919/2121 = 191919/212121
4. 5/8 + 1/8 = 3/4
5. 1/42 = 1/6 1/7
6. 18/51 > 3/10
7. 7/8 - 1/8 > 5/6 1/3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 32: Tm hai s t nhin bit gia chng c tt c 95 s t nhin khc v bit s b bng 1/3 s ln.
Bi gii:
V gia hai s t nhin c 95 s t nhin khc nn hiu ca s t nhin ln v s t nhin b l:( 95 + 1).
Vy s b l:
( 95 + 1) : ( 3 1) = 48
S ln l:
48 x 3 = 144.
S b : 48
S ln : 144
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 33: Tm 2 s bit hiu ca chng bng 68 v bit nu em s th nht chia cho 1/4, s th hai chia cho 1/5
th c hai kt qu bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l: 340
S th hai l: 272.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 34: Tm 2 s bit hiu ca chng bng 95 v bit nu em s th nht chia cho 4, s th hai chia cho 5 th
c hai kt qu bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l: 475
S th hai l: 380
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 35: Tm hai s bit tng ca chng bng 1029 v bit nu em s th nht nhn vi 1/2 s th hai nhn vi
1/5 th c hai tch c kt qu bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l: 735
S th hai l: 294

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 36: Tm mt phn s bit nu thm 12 n v vo t th c phn s mi c gi tr bng 1 v bit phn s

c gi tr bng 9/11.
Tr li: Phn s l: 54/66
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 37: Tm 2 s bit hiu ca chng bng 126 v bit nu em s th nht nhn vi 3; s th hai nhn vi 2 th
c hai tch c kt qu bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l: 252
S th hai l: 378
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 38: Tm 2 s bit tng ca chng bng 2005 v bit s b bng 2/3 s ln.
Tr li: S b l: 802
S ln l: 1203
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 39: Lp 5A c 40 hc sinh, bit s hc sinh n bng 2/3 s hc sinh nam. Hi lp 5A c bao nhiu hc sinh
nam, bao nhiu hc sinh n?
Tr li: S hc sinh n ca lp 5A l: 16 bn
S hc sinh nam lp 5A l : 24 bn
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 40: Bn hy kch vo du ng; Sai khng nh cc kt lun sau l ng hay sai.
1. trong cc s: 120 ; 123 ; 1890 ; 2001 ; 2005 ; 2008 ; 2010 tt c nhng s chia ht cho c 2 v 5 l 120 ; 1890
v 2010. ng
2. Trong cc s: 120 ; 123 ; 1890 ; 2001 ; 2005 ; 2008 ; 2010 ; tt c nhng s chia ht cho 5 l: 120 ; 1890 ;
2005 v 2010. ng
3. Trong cc s: 120 ; 123 ; 1890 ; 2001 ; 2005 ; 2008 ; 2010 tt c nhng s chia ht cho 3 l 1890 ; 2001 ;
2010. Sai
4. Trong cc s: 120 ; 123 ; 1890 ; 2001 ; 2005 ; 2008 ; 2010 tt c nhng s chia ht cho 2 l: 120 ; 1890 ; 2008
v 2010. ng.
5. S 45,512 c l Bn mi lm phy lm trm mi hai Sai
6. S 29,84 c l Hai chn phy tm t Sai
7. s 8a3b chia ht cho 2 ; 5 v chia cho 9 d 2 th b bng 0 v a cng phi bng 0. Sai . (V c hai kt qu l
8930 v 8030).
( Tip theo bi 40 )
8. Tch ca hai s t nhin l mt s l th hiu ca hai s t nhin cng l mt s l. Sai
9. S b nht khc 0 chia ht cho c 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 v 6 l s 60. ng.
10. Tch ca hai s t nhin l mt s l th tng ca hai s t nhin l mt s l. Sai
11. s 2a4b chia ht cho 2 ; 5 v 9 th b bng 0 cn a bng 3. ng
12. s 2a7b chia ht cho 2 ; 5 ; v 9 th b bng 0 cn a phi bng 9. Sai (v c 2 kt qu 2970 v 2070 )
13. Tng ca hai s t nhin l mt s chn th tch ca hai s t nhin l mt s chn. Sai

14. Tng ca hai s t nhin l mt s l th tch ca hai s t nhin l mt s chn. ng

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 41: Hin Nay tng s tui ca hai b con l 60 tui. Bit sau 15 nm na tui b gp 2 ln tui con. Tnh tui
hai b con hin nay.
Bi gii:
Tng s tui ca hai b con sau 15 nm na l:
60 + (15 x 2 ) = 90 (tui )
Tui ca con sau 15 nm na l:
90 : ( 2 + 1 ) = 30 (tui )
Tui con hin nay l:
30 15 = 15 ( tui)
Tui b hin nay l:
60 15 = 45 tui.
p s: Tui b hin nay l 45 tui.
Tui con hin nay l 15 tui.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 42: C 45 cng nhn cng lm mt cng vic. H s hon thnh cng vic trong 10 ngy. Sau khi cng lm
c 4 ngy, ngi ta chuyn bt i
15 cng nhn i lm cng vic khc. Hi cc cng nhn cn li phi lm tip bao nhiu ngy na th mi hon
thnh cng vic ?
Bi Gii:
S ngy cng nu nh mt cng nhn phi hon thnh cng vic.
45 x 10 = 450 ( ngy cng )
S ngy cng 45 cng nhn lm vic trong 4 ngy.
45 x 4 = 180 ( ngy cng )
S cng nhn cn li sau khi chuyn bt i.
45 15 = 30 ( cng nhn )
S ngy cng cn li l:
450 180 = 270 ( ngy cng.)
S ngy m cc cng nhn cn li phi lm mi hon thnh cng trnh.
270 : 30 = 9 ( ngy )
Tr li: Cc cng nhn cn li phi tip tc lm vic trong 9 ngy na.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 43: Trong mt php chia hai s t nhin bit thng bng 3 s d bng 41 v bit tng ca s b chia, s
chia v s d bng 426.
Tm s chia v s b chia ca php chia .
Bi gii:
S chia l 86
S b chia l 299
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 44: S nh nht c 3 ch s m chia ht cho c 2; 3; 4; 5; v 6 l s 120
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 45: S nh nht c 3 ch s m khi chia cho 2; 3; 4; 5 v 6 cng c s d bng 1 l s: 121.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 46: Hin nay tng s tui ca hai m con l 52 tui. Bit sau 2 nm na tui m gp 3 ln tui con. Tnh tui
hai m con hin nay.
Bi Gii:
Tng s tui ca m v con sau 2 nm na
52 + ( 2 x 2 )= 56 ( tui )

Gi tr 1 phn bng tui con sau 2 nm na

56 : (3 +1) = 14 ( tui )
Tui con l
14 - 2 = 12 (tui)
Tui m l
14 x 3 - 2 = 40 ( tui )
S: Tui M hin nay :40 tui
Tui con hin nay : 12 tui
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 46: Tm hai s bit tng ca chng bng 340 v bit s ln chia cho s b c thng bng 3 v khng c
s d.
Tr Li:
S b: 85
S ln: 255
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 47: Tm hai s t nhin bit s ln chia cho s b c thng l 4 d 19 v hiu hai s bng 133.
Bi gii:
Theo ton ta c:
S b chia bng 4 phn + 19
S chia bng 1 phn
Vy hiu ca s b chia v s chia l:
( 4 phn 1 phn ) + 19 = 3 phn + 19.
Vy gi tr 1 phn v l s chia l:
( 133 19 ) : 3 = 38
S b chia l:
( 38 x 4 ) + 19 = 171
p S: S b l 38 ; s ln l 171
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 48: Trong mt php chia hai s t nhin bit thng bng 4 s d bng 25 v bit tng s b chia, s chia v
s d bng 515. Tm s chia v s b chia ca php chia .
Bi gii:
S chia ca php chia l: 93
S b chia ca php chia l: 397
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 49: Mt bp d tr go cho 120 ngi n trong 20 ngy.Thc t c 150 ngi n. Hi s go d tr
n bao nhiu ngy? ( Tiu chun n mi ngi khng thay i.)
Tr li:
S go d tr n trong 40 Ngy.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 50: Mt t c i 100km th tiu th ht 12,5 lt xng. Hi nu t tiu th ht 31,25 lt xng th i c
bao nhiu km ?
Tr li:
Tiu th ht 31,25 lt xng th t i c 250km.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 51: C 15 cng nhn cng lm mt cng vic. H s hon thnh cng vic trong 20 ngy. Sau khi cng lm
vic 8 ngy, ngi ta c n thm 5 cng nhn na cng lm cng vic . Hi h s cng lm trong my
ngy na th s hon thnh cng vic ? ( sc lao ng ca mi ngi l nh nhau.)
Bi gii:
S ngy cng hon thnh cng vic l
20 x 15 = 300 ( ngycng)

S ngy cng 15 cng nhn lm vic trong 8 ngy

15 x 8 = 120 ( ngy cng)
S cng nhn sau khi c c n
15+5 = 20 ( cng nhn)
S ngy cng cn li l
300 120 = 180 ( ngy cng )
S ngy cng h cn phi lm tip l
180: 20 = 9 ( ngy cng)
H s cng lm trong 9 ngy na.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 52: Mt chic xe t c i 100km th ht 15 lt xng.Hi t i 240km th ht bao nhiu lt xng.
Tr li: t i 240km th ht 36 lt xng.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 53: Tm 2 s bit hiu ca chng bng 68 v bit nu em s th nht chia cho 1/4, s th hai chia cho1/5 th
c hai kt qu bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l 544
S th hai l 272
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 54: Tm hai s bit tng ca chng bng 1989 v bit s b bng s ln.
Tr li: S b l 884
S ln l 1105
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 55: Tm 2 s bit tng ca chng bng 594 v bit nu em s th nht nhn vi 4; s th 2 nhn vi 5 th
c hai tch bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l: 330
S th hai l: 264
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 56: Tm hai s bit hiu ca chng bng 32 v bit nu em s th nht nhn vi 1/3 s th hai nhn vi 1/7
th c hai tch c kt qu bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l: 24
S th hai l: 56
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 57: Tm 2 s bit tng ca chng bng 2020 v bit s b bng s ln.
Tr li: S b l 505
S ln l 1515
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 58: Tm hai s t nhin bit s ln chia cho s b c thng l 3 d 41 v bit hiu hai s bng 245.
Tr li: S b l: 102
S ln l: 347
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 59: Tm mt phn s bit rng tng ca t s v mu s bng 210 v bit nu chuyn t mu s ln t s 12
n v th ta c mt phn s mi tr gi bng 1.
Tr li: Phn s l: 93/117
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 60: C 15 cng nhn cng lm mt cng vic. H se hon thnh cng vic trong 20 ngy. Sau khi cng lm
c 6 ngy, ngi ta chuyn bt i 5 cng nhn i lm cng vic khc. Hi cc cng nhn cn li phi lm
tip trong bao nhiu ngy na th mi hon thnh cng vic ?
Tr li: Cc cng nhn cn li phi lm tip trong 21 ngy na.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 61: Hiu ca hai s bng 402.S th nht bng 7/4 S th hai. Tm hai s .

Tr li: S th nht l:
S th hai l:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 62: Hiu ca hai s bng 306. T s ca hai s l 2/5 . Tm hai s .
Tr li : S b l:
S ln l:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 63: Tm hai s bit hiu ca chng bng 234 v bit nu em s th nht nhn vi ; s th 2 vi th c hai
tch bng nhau.
Tr li: S th nht l:
S th hai l:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 64: Tm mt phn s bit tng ca t s v mu s ca phn s bng 215 v bit phn s c tr gi
bng 38/57 .
Tr li: Phn s l:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 65: Tm mt s t nhin bit nu xa ch s 6 hng n v v ch s 3 hng chc ca n i th ta c
s mi km s phi tm 1917 n v.
Bi gii:
V s b s 6 hng n v, b s 3 hng chc nn s mi gim i 100 ln cng vi 36 n v so vi s c.
Nu s mi l 1 ln th s phi tm l ( 100 ln + 36)
Theo ton ta c:
( 100 ln + 36 ) 1 ln = 1917
Vy:
1 ln = ( 1917 36 ) : 99 = 19
S phi tm l 1936
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 66: Tm mt s t nhin bit nu xa ch s 0 hng n v v ch s 1 hng chc ca n i th ta c
s mi km s phi tm 1990 n v.
Bi gii:
V s b i s 0 hng n v , s 1 hng chc th ta c s mi gim i 100 ln cng vi 10 n v so vi
s c
Nu s mi l 1ln th s phi tm l ( 100 ln + 10)
Theo ton , ta c
( 100 ln + 10 ) 1ln = 1990
Vy:
1 ln = ( 1990 10 ) : 99 = 20
S phi tm l 2010
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 67: Tm hai s l bit tng ca chng bng 474 v bit gia chng c tt c 37 s l khc.
Bi gii:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 68: Tm hai s chn bit tng ca chng bng 210 v bit gia chng c tt c 18 s chn khc.
Bi gii:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 69: Tm 2 s bit tng ca chng bng 2008 v bit s b bng s ln.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 70: Tm s t nhin ln nht c cc ch s khc nhau m tch cc ch s ca n bng 42.
Tr li: S l 7321
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bi 71: Tm s t nhin nh nht c cc ch s khc nhau m tng cc ch s ca n bng 30.

Tr li: S l 6789.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 70: Tm s t nhin ln nht c cc ch s khc nhau m tng cc ch s ca n bng 6.
Tr li: S l 3210.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 71: Mt ca hng bn go bui sng bn dc 125,5 kg, bui chiu bn c nhiu hn bui sng 48,8kg.
Hi c bui sng v bui chiu hm c hng bn c bao nhiu kg?
Tr li: C bui sng v bui chiu hm ca hng bn c s go l kg.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 72: C ba can du, can th nht ng 18,5 lt; can th 2 ng nhiu hn can th nht 2,5 lt v can th 3
ng 20,4 lt.
Tnh tng s lt du ng trong ba can .
Tr li: Tng s du ng trong ba can l. Lt
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 73: Hai kho thc cha tt c 145 tn thc, bit nu chuyn 12 tn t kho A sang kho B th lc ny s thc kho
A bng 2/3 s thc kho B. Hi lc u mi kho cha bao nhiu tn thc?
Bi Gii:
Tng s phn bng nhau :
2 + 3 = 5 ( phn )
Gi tr 1 phn :
145 : 5 = 29 (tn)
S tn thc kho A c lc ny l :
29 x 2 = 58 ( tn )
S tn thc kho A lc u c l:
58 +12 =70 ( tn )
S tn thc kho B lc u c l
145 70 =75 ( tn)
p s: lc u kho A c 70 tn thc
lc u kho B c 75 tn thc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 74:
Trong 1 php chia 2 s t nhin ,bit s b chia bng 1304 ; thng bng 28, bit s d ca php chia l s d
ln nht c th . Tm s chia v s d ca php chia
Bi gii:
Theo bi , ta c 2 kt qu hp l l:
1 - 1304 ( 46 x 28 ) = 16 ( 1304 l s b chia, 46 l s chia , 28 l thng , 16 l s d )
2 - 1304 ( 45 x28 ) = 44 ( 1304 l s b chia , 45 l s chia , 28 l thng, 44 l s d )
V s d ca php chia l s d ln nht c th nn trng hp 2 l hp l nht.
p s : s chia : 45
S d : 44
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 75:
Khi cng mt s t nhin vi mt s thp phn mt hc sinh s vit nhm du phyca s thp phn sang bn
phi mt hng nn tm c tng sai bng 591,4. Tm s thp phn ? Bit tng ng bng 480,34.
Bi gii:
Khi chuyn du phy ca phn s sang bn phi 1 hng tc s thp phn mi gp 10 ln v tng s ln 9 ln
Hiu ca s thp phn sai v s thp phn ng l :
591,4 480,34 = 111,06
S thp phn ng l :

111,06 : 9 = 12,34
S: 12,34
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 76:
Cho s thp phn A; chuyn du phy ca s thp phn A sang phi mt hng ta c s B. Bit B A =
222,12. Tm s thp phn A.
Bi gii :
Theo bi , s B gp 10 ln s A .
Hiu s phn bng nhau ca 2 s :
10 1 = 9 ( phn )
S thp phn A l
222,12 : 9 x 1 = 24,68
S : 24,68
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 77:
Ngi ta xp nhng hnh lp phng nh cnh 1 cm thnh 1 hnh hp ch nht c kch thc 1,6 dm ; 1,2dm ; 8
cm. Sau ngi ta sn 6 mt ca hnh va xp c . Tnh s hnh lp phng nh c sn 2 mt
Bi gii:
1,6 dm = 16 cm ; 1,2 dm = 12 cm
S hnh lp phng c sn 2 mt ca mi mt hnh ln l :
( 16 + 12 ) x 2 4 = 52 ( hnh )
( 16 + 12 ) x 2 4 = 52 ( hnh )
( 8 - 2 ) x 4 = 24 ( hnh )
S hnh lp phng nh c sn 2 mt l :
52 + 52 + 24 = 128 ( hnh )
S : c tt c 128 hnh lp phng nh c sn 2 mt.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 78:
Ngi ta xp nhng hnh lp phng nh cnh 1cm thnh mt hnh hp ch nht c kch thc : 1,6 dm ; 1,2
dm ; 8cm. sau ngi ta sn 6 mt ca hnh va xp c . Tnh s hnh lp phng nh khng sn mt no
Bi gii
1,6 dm = 16 cm ; 1,2dm = 12 cm
S hnh lp phng nh khng sn mt no l :
( 16 2 ) x ( 12 2 ) x ( 8 6 ) = 560 ( hnh )
S : 560 hnh lp phng nh khng sn mt no.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 79:
Tm mt s t nhin bit nu vit thm ch s 9 vo tn cng bn phi ca n th c s mi hn s phi tm
1809 n v?
Bi gii:
Khi vit thm ch s 9 bn phi tc gp s ln 10 ln + 9 n v v tng s ln 9 ln + 9 n v
Vy s t nhin l :
( 1809 9 ) : 9 = 200
S : s t nhin l 200
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 80:
Tm mt s t nhin bit nu xa ch s 8 hng n v ca n i th c s mi km s phi tm 1808 n
v?
Bi gii:
Khi xa ch s 8 hng n v tc s c gp 10 ln + 8 n v tc gim s i 9 ln + 8 n v

Vy s t nhin sau khi xa ch s 8 l

( 1808 8 ) : 9 = 200
S t nhin l :
200 x 10 + 8 = 2008
S : s t nhin l 2008.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 81:
Khi t tnh thc hin mt php nhn mt s t nhin vi 145, mt hc sinh s t cc tch ring thng ct vi
nhau ri cng cc tch ring nh cng cc s t nhin nn tm c tch sai l 5120. Em hy tm tch ng.
Bi gii:
Gi a l mt tha s cha bit nhn vi 145, theo ton , ta c tch sai l :
5a + 4a + 1a = 5120 ==> 10a = 5120 ==> a = 5120 : 10 = 512
Vy tha s l 512 .
Tch ng l :
512 x 145 = 74240
S : Tch ng l 74240
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ vng 26
Bi 82
Khi thc hin php nhn mt s t nhin vi 2009 bn H s qun vit 2 ch s 0 ca s 2009 nn tch
gim i 346500 n v. Em hy tm tch ng.
Bi gii
Gi a l tha s th nht th ta c tch ng 2009a , tch sai l 29a.
Ta c:
2009a 29a = 346500 ==> 1980a = 346500 ==> a = 346500 : 1980 = 175.
Tch ng l: 2009a = 2009 x 175 = 351575
S: 351575
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 83:
Tnh din tch hnh trn bit nu bn knh hnh trn tng thm 20% th din tch hnh trn tng thm 56,54 cm2.
Bi Gii:
Gi R l bn knh hnh trn th bn hnh trn tng thm l: 1,2 R.
Theo ton ta c:
1,2R x 1,2R x 3,14 R x R x 3,14 = 56,54 (cm2)
==> 1,44RxR x 3,14 - R x R x 3,14 = 56,54 (cm2).
==> 0,44RxR x 3,14 = 56,54
R x R x 3,14 = 56,54 : 0,44 = 128,5 (cm2)
V Rx R x 3,14 chnh l din tch hnh trn nn din tch hnh trn l 128,5 cm2
S: 128,5 cm2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 84:
Khi t tnh thc hin php nhn mt s t nhin vi 208, mt hc sinh s t cc tch ring thng ct vi
nhau ri cng cc tch ring nh cng cc s t nhin nn tm c tch sai l 2860. Em hy tm tch ng.
Bi gii:
Gi tha s th nht l a
Tch ng l
a x 208 = 208a
Tch sai l
8a + 2a = 2860 ==> 10a = 2860 ==> a = 286
Tch ng l

286 x 208 = 59488

S: 59488
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 85:
Cho dy s t nhin lin tip 1; 2; 3; 4 Hy cho bit ch s 8 hng trm ca s 868 l ch s bao nhiu trong
dy?
Bi gii:
Theo ton ta c:
T s 1 n s 9 c 9 s v c 9 ch s
T s 10 n s 99 c 90 s v c 180 ch s
T s 100 n s 868 c 769 s v c 2307 ch s
Vy :S ch s dy s t nhin t s 1 n s 868 l:
( 9 + 180 + 2307) = 2496 ch s
V c v tr th 3 t cui ln nn ch s 8 hng trm ca s 868 l ch s th 2494 .
S: 2494
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 86:
Tng hai s bng 88,36 nu tng s th nht ln 2,5 ln v s th 2 tng ln 3 ln th tng s bng 255,33. Tm
hai s ?
Bi gii:
Tng 2 s gp 3 ln l:
88,36 x 3 = 265,08
Vy 0,5 ln ca s th nht l:
265,08 255,33 = 9,75
Vy s th nht l:
9,75 : 0,5 = 19,5
S th hai l:
88,36 19,5= 68,86
S : s th nht l: 19,5
: s th 2 l: 68,86
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 87:
Hy cho bit dy s t nhin lin tip 1; 2; 3 1000 c tt c bao nhiu ch s
Bi gii
Ta c :
T 1 n 9 c 9 s v 9 ch s.
T 10 n 99 c 90 s v c: ( 90 x 2 ) = 180 ch s.
T 100 n 999 c 900 s v c: ( 900 x 3 ) = 2700 ch s.
S 1000 c 4 ch s
Vy s ch s ca dy s t nhin lin tip 1; 2; 3 1000 c tt c l:
9 + 180 + 2700 + 4 = 2893
S : 2893
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 88:
Tm din tch mt hnh vung bit nu tng cnh ca n 50% th c hnh vung mi c din tch l 193,5 cm2
Bi gii
Theo bi, gi a l cnh hnh vung ban u th 1,5a l cnh hnh vung c thm 50 %, ta c:
1,5a x 1,5a = 193,5
1,5a x 1,5a = 2,25a x a =193,5
S = a x a = 193,5 : 2,25 = 86 cm2

S: din tch hnh vung l: 86 cm2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Vng 27
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 89:
Mt t v mt xe my cng xut pht i t A n B . Bit qung ng AB di 150 km ,vn tc ca t l 50
km , vn tc ca xe my l l 40 km.
Hi khi t n B th xe my cch B bao nhiu km?
Bi gii:
Thi gian t i ht qung ng AB l
150 : 50 = 3 ( gi )
Trong 3 gi , xe my i c qung ng l
40 x 3 = 120 ( km)
Vy : khong cch xe my cn cch B l :
150 120 = 30 ( km )
S : 30 km
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 90:
Hy cho bit c tt c bao nhiu phn s bng phn s m t v mu s u c 2 ch s.
Bi gii:
Theo bi ta c: 10/40 ; 11/44; 12/48 ;24/96
Trong 10/40 l phn s c t v mu l 2 s b nht bng 1/4
V 24/96 l phn s c t v mu l 2 s ln nht bng 1/4.
Xt t s t 10 n 24 l nhng s t nhin lin tip nn c tt c l:
( 24 10 ) + 1 = 15
Vy c 15 phn s t v mu c hai ch s v bng 1/4
S: 15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 91:
Hy cho bit c tt c bao nhiu phn s bng phn s 2/5 m t v mu u l s c 2 ch s?
Bi gii:
Theo bi ta c: 10/25; 12/30; 14/35; 38/95
Trong , 10/25 l phn s c t v mu l 2 s b nht bng 2/5
V 38/95 l phn s c t v mu l 2 s ln nht bng 2/5.
Xt t s l s chn lin tip nn ta c tt c s phn s l:
( 38 10 ) : 2 + 1 = 15
Vy c tt c 15 phn s t v mu c 2 s bng 2/5.
S : 15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 92:
nh s trang ca mt cun sch ngi ta phi dng tt c 792 ch s. Hi cun sch c bao nhiu trang?
Bi gii:
T 1 n 9 c 9 s c mt ch s tng ng vi 9 trang c 9 ch s.
T 10 n 99 c 90 s c hai ch s tng ng vi 90trang c 180 ch s.
S trang c 3 ch s c tt c l:
792 ( 180 + 9 ) : 3 = 201 (trang )
Vy s trang ca cun sch l:
9 + 90 + 201 = 300 (trang )
S : cun sch c tt c 300 trang.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bi 93:
Mt b nc hnh hp ch nht c kch thc cc s o trong lng b l: di 4m: rng 3m; cao 2,5m. Bit b
ang cha 18000 lt nc. Hi lng nc trong b cao bao nhiu mt?
Bi gii:
4 m = 40 dm ; 3 m = 30 dm
Din tch y ca b c l
40 x 30 = 1200 ( dm2 )
Chiu cao mc nc l
18000 : 1200 = 15 ( dm )
15dm = 1,5 m
S : lng nc trong b cao 1,5 mt .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 94:
Mt t v mt xe my cng xut pht t A n B. Bit t i vi vn tc 50 km / gi, xe my i vi vn tc 40
km / gi . Hi khi t cch A 75 km th xe my cch A bao xa ?
Bi gii
Thi gian xe my i cch A 75 km l:
75 : 50 = 1,5 ( gi )
Khi t cch A 75 km th xe my cch A l:
40 x 1,5 = 60 ( km )
S: Khi t cch A 75 km th xe my cch A l 60 km.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 95:
Mt thuyn my i ngc dng t bn A n bn B mt 2 gi 30 pht. Bit vn tc ca thuyn my khi nc lng
l 25,5 km/ gi v vn tc dng nc l 4,5 km / gi. Tnh di qung sng AB.
Bi gii
Vn tc khi thuyn my i ngc dng t bn A n bn B l :
25,5 4,5 = 21 ( km / gi )
2 gi 30 pht = 2,5 gi
di qung sng AB l :
21 x 2,5 = 52,5 ( km )
S : di qung sng AB l 52,5 km
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 96:
Hin nay m hn con 25 tui . Bit 5 nm trc tui m gp 6 ln tui con . Tnh tui hai m con hin nay ?
Bi gii
Hin nay m hn con 25 tui th 5 nm trc m vn hn con 25 tui.
Hiu s phn bng nhau:
6 1 = 5 ( phn )
Gi tr 1 phn :
25 : 5 = 5 ( tui )
Tui con 5 nm trc l:
5 x 1 = 5 ( tui )
Tui m 5 nm trc l :
5 x 6 = 30 ( tui )
Tui m hin nay l:
30 + 5 = 35 ( tui )
Tui con hin nay l :
5 + 5 = 10 ( tui )
S : Tui m l 35 tui

Tui con l 10 tui

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Olympic vng 28.
Bi 97:
By gi l 12 gi. Hi trong t nht bao lu na th kim gi v kim pht s vung gc vi nhau?
Bi gii:
12 gi l lc kim gi v kim pht trng ln nhau.Nu mt vng quay chu vi ca ng h tng ng vi qung
ng 60cm th vn tc ca kim pht l 60cm/ gi, vn tc kim gi l 5cm/ gi. Vy nu kim gi v kim pht
vung gc vi nhau ng vi khong cch l: 60cm : 4 = 15 cm.
Gi x l l thi gian gn nht kim gi v kim pht quay vung gc vi nhau.Theo ton ta c:
60x 5x = 15 ==> 55x = 15 ==> x = 15/55 = 3/11 ( gi)
S: Thi gian gn nht kim gi v kim pht vung gc vi nhau l sau 3/11 gi
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 98:
By gi l 9 gi. Hi sau t nht bao lu th kim gi v kim pht li vung gc vi nhau
Bi gii
Nu mt vng quay chu vi ca ng h ng vi 60 cm th vn tc ca kim pht l 60 cm/ gi cn kim gi th 5cm/
gi . Vy lc 9 gi l lc kim gi v kim pht vung gc vi nhau nhng khong cch ca kim gi v kim pht l:
60cm 15 cm = 45 cm.
Gi X l s gi m kim pht ui kp kim gi n ng khong cch l 15cm ( tc 1 gc vung ). Ta c:
[ ( X x 5 ) + 45 ] - 60 x X = 15 ( cm ) ==> 5X + 45 60X = 15 ==> 45 55 X = 15 ==> 45 15 = 55X ==> 30 = 55X
==> X = 30/55 = 6/11 ( gi)
S: Thi gian gn nht kim gi v kim pht vung gc vi nhau l sau 6/11 gi
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 99:
Hy cho bit c tt c bao nhiu s c ba ch s khc nhau?
Bi gii:
S c 3 ch s l cc s t 100 n 999 c tt c l 900 s.
Theo bi, ta c cc s t 100 n 199 ta c tt c cc s c cc ch s trng lp nhau:
100 ; 101; 110 ; 111 ; 112 ; 113 ; 114 ; 115 ; 116 ; 117 ; 118 ; 119 ; 121 ; 122 ; 131 ; 133 ; 141 ; 144 ; 151 ; 155 ;
161 ; 166 ; 171 ; 177 ; 181 ; 188 ; 191 ; 199 .
T 100 n 199 c tng cng 28 s c cc ch s trng lp nhau
S khc nhau m t 100 n 199 c l :
100 28 = 72 ( s )
Tng t cc s t 200 n 299; ..t 900 n 999 c mi trm s ta c 72 s khc nhau.Vy c tt c s c 3
ch s khc nhau l:
72 x 9 = 648 ( s )
S: C tt c 648 s c 3 ch s khc nhau.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 100:
Ngi ta qut vi trn nh v cc mt xung quanh bn trong ca mt ngi nh hnh hp ch nht c chiu di
6,2m, chiu rng 3,6m v chiu cao 3,5m.
Tnh din tch cn qut vi bit din tch ca l 6,8 m2
Bi gii:
Chu vi trn ngi nh hnh hp ch nht l :
( 6,2 + 3,6 ) x 2 = 19,6 ( m )
Din tch xung quanh ngi nh hnh hp ch nht l :
19,6 x 3,5 = 68,6 ( m2 )
Din tch trn ngi nh hnh hp ch nht l :
6,2 x 3,6 = 22,32 ( m2 )

Din tch qut vi l :

68,6 + 22,32 6,8 = 84,12 ( m2 )
S : din tch cn qut vi l 84,12 m2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 101:
Tan hc Lan i b v nh, i c 15 pht vi 4 km /gi th c b n bng xe my vi vn tc 40 km / gi .
Hi qung ng t nh Lan n trng l bao nhiu km bit thi gian b ch Lan bng xe my l 6 pht ?
Bi gii:
15 pht = 0,25 gi ; 6 pht = 0,1 gi
Qung ng Lan i b v nh l :
4 x 0,25 = 1 ( km )
Qung ng b ch Lan bng xe my l :
40 x 0,1 = 4 ( km )
Qung ng t nh Lan n trng l :
4 + 1 = 5 ( km )
S : qung ng t nh Lan n trng l 5 km
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Violympic vng 29
Bi 102:
Cho 3 s A ; B ; C bit
A + B = 154,8 ; A + C = 203,3 ; B + C = 163,1. Hy tm 2 s A v C ?
Bi Gii:
Hiu hai s ( C B ) l:
( A + C ) ( A + B ) = C B = 203,3 154,8 = 48,5.
S C l:
( 163,1 + 48,5 ) : 2 = 105,8
S A l
203,3 105,8 = 97,5
S : S A l : 97,5
S C l : 105,8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 103:
Kt qu ca dy tnh:
1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 + 1/256 + 1/512 bng
Bi gii:
Vy dy s l:
1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/32 + 1/64 + 1/128 + 1/256 + 1/512 =
256/512 + 128/512 + 64/512 + 32/512 + 16/512 + 8/512 + 4/512 + 2/512 + 1/512 = 511/512
p s: 511/512
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 104:
Tm mt phn s bit phn s c gi tr bng 3/5 v bit nu bt t s i 9 n v th ta c phn s mi
bng 1/2.
Bi gii
Gi a l t s , b l mu s ca phn s cho ta c:
a/b = 3/5 ==> a = 3/5b
(a 9)/b = 1/2 ==> a 9 = 1/2b
Thay a = 3/5b vo ta c
3/5b 9 = 1/2b ==> ta c:
3/5b - 1/2b = 9 ==> 1/10b = 9 ==> b = 9 x 10 = 90

Vy : s a l :
90 : 5 x 3 = 54
p s: phn s l 54/90
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 105:
Tng tt c cc s l t nh hn 100
Bi gii:
S ln nht nh hn 100 l s 99.
T 1 n 99 c tt c l 50 s l
Ta c:
1 + 99 = 100 ; 3 + 97 = 100 ; 5 + 95 = 100 ..
Nh vy, c 25 cp s l c tng bng 100
Vy tng tt c cc s l t 1 n 99 l
25 x 100 = 2500
S : 2500
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 107:
Mt hnh ch nht c c chu vi bng 99,4 ,bit nu tng chiu rng thm 8,5 dm v gim chiu di i 4,2 th n
tr thnh hnh vung. Tnh din tch hnh ch nht cho.
Bi gii:
Chiu di hn chiu rng l:
8,5 + 4,2 = 12,7 ( dm )
Na chu vi hnh ch nht l:
99,4 : 2 = 49,7 ( dm )
Chiu di hnh ch nht l :
( 49,7 + 12,7 ) : 2 = 31,2 ( dm )
Chiu rng hnh ch nht l :
( 49,7 12,7 ) : 2 = 18,5 ( dm)
Din tch hnh ch nht l :
31,2 x 18,5 = 577,2 ( dm2 )
S : 577,2 dm2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 108:
Tng ca mt s t nhin v mt s thp phn l 2077,15 .Nu b du phy ca s thp phn th tng s
bng 8824 . tm s t nhin v s thp phn ?
Bi gii
Hiu ca s thp phn sai v s thp phn ng:
8824 2077,15 = 6746,85
V tng s t nhin v s thp phn c hai ch s phn thp phn nn khi b du phy i, s thp phn s
tng 100 ln nn hiu ca hai s thp phn mi v s thp phn l 99 ln
Vy : s thp phn ng l :
6746,85 : 99 = 68,15
Vy : s t nhin l
2077,15 68,15 = 2009
S : s t nhin l 2009
S thp phn l 68,15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 109:
Tng tt c cc s chia ht cho 3 nh hn 100 bng
Bi gii:

S chia ht cho 3 nh hn 100 l nhng s: 3 ; 6 ; 9 ; 12 ; 15 ; 18 ; 21 ; 24 ; 27 ; 30 ; 33 ; 36 ; 39 ; 42 ; 45 ; 48 ; 51

; 54 ; 57 ; 60 ; 63 ; 66 ; 69 ; 72 ; 75 ; 78 ; 81 ; 84 ; 87 ; 90 ; 93 ; 96 ; 99 .
Ta c cc cp s :
3 + 99 = 102 ; 6 + 96 = 102 ; .
Vy c tt c 16 cp s c tng l 102 v s 51
Vy tng cc s chia ht cho 3 nh hn 100 l:
102 x 16 + 51 = 1683
S : 1683
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 110:
Bit tch 18 x 19 x 20 x 21 x a c kt qu dng 3*91000. hy tm gi tr ch s *.
Bi gii:
Kt qu ca dy s 18 x 19 x 20 x 21 l :
18 x 19 x 20 x 21 = 143640
V:
143640 x a = 3*91000
Nn gi tr ch s * l 5
S : gi tr ch s * l 5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 111:
Trong mt thng no c 3 ngy ch nht l ngy chn. Hi ngy th 6 u tin ca thng l ngy bao
nhiu ca thng?
Bi gii:
Mt thng c cc ngy ch nht l cc ngy: 2 : 9 ; 16 ; 23 ; 30 . Th thng s c 3 ngy chn .
Th su u tin ca thng l ngy 7 trong thng.
S: Th su u tin ca thng l ngy th 7 trong thng.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 112:
Tm mt s t nhin c hai ch s bit nu ly s chia cho tng cc ch s ca n th c 8 d 3.
S t nhin l 51
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 113:
Tm mt s t nhin c hai ch s bit nu vit thm ch s 0 vo gia hai ch s ca s ta c s mi
bng 7 ln s phi tm.
S l 15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 114:
Hy cho bit c tt c bao nhiu s chn nh hn 2009.
p s: 1005
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 115:
S t nhin ln nht c cc ch s khc nhau m tng cc ch s ca n bng 20 l s?
S l 953210
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 116:
Mt ngi i t A n B ngi d nh c mt ti B lc 9 gi. Ngi nhm tnh nu i vi vn tc
40km/gi th n b chm mt 10 pht, cn nu i vi vn tc 50km/gi th n B sm hn 5 pht so vi d nh.
Tnh di qung ng AB.
Bi Gii:
10 pht = 1/6 gi ; 5 pht = 1/12 gi

Gi x l thi gian ngi i t A n B

Qung ng AB m ngi phi i t A n B vi vn tc 40 km/gi l:
40 ( x + 1/6 )
Qung ng AB m ngi phi i t A n B vi vn tc 50 km/gi l:
50 ( x 1/12 ) => 40 ( x + 1/5 ) = 50 ( x 1/12 )
=> 40x + 40/6 = 50x - 50/12 => 10x = 40 /6 + 50/12
x = ( 130/12): 10 = 13 /12
Vy di qung ng AB l:
40 ( 13/12 + 1/6 ) = 40 x 15/12 = 50 (km)
p s : Qung ng AB di 50 km
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 117:
Hai kho thc A v B cha tt c 465 tn thc, bit khi xut i 1/4 s thc kho A v 1/5 s thc kho B th s
thc cn li hai kho thc bng nhau. Hi lc u kho B cha bao nhiu tn thc?
Bi gii
S thc ca kho A cn li l :
1 1/4 = 3/4
S thc ca kho B cn li l :
1 1/5 = 4/5
Gi a l s thc ca kho A, b l s thc kho B
a/b = 4/5 : 3/4 = 16/15
Tng s phn bng nhau :
16 +15 = 31 ( phn )
Gi tr 1 phn :
465 : 31 = 15 ( tn )
Kho B cha s thc l :
15 x 15 = 225 ( tn )
p s : S thc ca kho B l: 225 tn
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 118:
Tm a v b s a45b l s c 4 ch s ln nht m khi chia cho 2; 3 v 5 u d 1.
S a l : 9
S b l : 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 119:
Tm mt s t nhin c hai ch s bit nu ly s chia cho tng cc ch s ca n th c 7 d 9.
S l : 93
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 120:
Tm 2 s bit tng ca chng bng 175,2 v nu em s th nht nhn vi 0,9; s th hai nhn vi 1,5 th c
hai tch bng nhau.
Gii
Gi tr 1 phn :
175,2 : ( 0,9 + 1,5 ) = 73
S ln l :
73 x 1,5 = 109,5
S b l :
73 x 0,9 = 65,7
p s: S ln l : 109,5
S b l : 65,7

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 121:
Cho hai vi nc chy vo mt ci b. Nu b khng c nc ch m vi 1 th sau 5 gi b y, ch m vi 2 th
sau 6 gi b y. Hi nu m hai vi cng lc th trong mt gi c hai vi chy c bao nhiu phn b nc?
Bi Gii:
Trong 1 gi , vi 1 chy c :
1 : 5 = ( b )
Trong 1 gi , vi 2 chy c :
1 : 6 = ( b )
Sau 1 gi , c 2 vi chy c:
+ = (b)
p s: Sau 1 gi , c 2 vi chy c: b
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 122:
Tm mt s t nhin c ba ch s bit nu ly s nhn vi tng cc ch s ca n th c 1000.
S l : 125
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 123:
Hy cho bit c tt c bao nhiu s c 4 ch s m tng cc ch s ca mi s bng 3 ?
Bi Gii:
Cc S c 4 ch s m c tng bng 3 l:
3000 ; 2100 ; 2 010 ; 2001; 1110 ; 1011 ; 1101; 1200; 1020 ;1002
p s: C tt c l : 10 s
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 124:
Tm a v b s a09b l s c 4 ch s nh nht m khi chia cho 2; 3 v 5 u d 1.
Bi gii
Theo bi , ta thy s b phi bng 1 tha mn iu kin khi chia cho 2 v cho 5 d 1.
Vy : s a phi bng 3 v : 3091: 3 c s d l 1.
p s : a = 3 ; b = 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 125:
Tch:
3 x 3 x 3 x x 3 ( c 2010 tha s 3 )
S tn cng ca dy s trn l .
Bi gii:
V tha s n l 3 nn cc chu k s cui ca n l : 3 ; 9 ; 7 ; 1 ; 3 ; 9 ;7 ;1 3 ; 9 ; 7 ; 1
Vy ng vi s tha s chia ht cho 4 ng vi tch c s cui bng 1
Ta c: 2010 : 4 c s d l 2 nn ng vi tch c s cui l 9.
p s : S tn cng ca dy s trn l 9.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 126:
Hy cho bit c tt c bao nhiu s chia ht cho 3 m nh hn 2009?
C tt c 670 s chia ht cho 3 m nh hn 2009
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 127:
C gio ch nhim thng bo vi cc hc sinh hc k I lp mnh ch c 75% cc bn kim tra xp loi kh, gii
vn cn tt c 9 bn cha c xp loi kh gii. Hi lp c bao nhiu hc sinh.
Bi gii
S hc sinh cha c xp loi kh gii chim s phn :

100 % - 75 % = 25 %
Lp c s hc sinh l :
9 : 25 x 100 = 36 ( hc sinh )
p s : Lp c 36 hc sinh
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 128:
Cho mt hnh ch nht c din tch 486cm2 . Bit chiu rng bng 2/3 chiu di?. Hy tm s o chiu rng, s
o chiu di ?
Bi gii
Gi mt phn l a ta c:
Chiu rng l 2a.
Chiu di l 3a.
Din tch hnh ch nht l:
2a x 3a = 6a2 = 486
=> a2 = 81
=> a = 9
Vy ta c :
Chiu di hnh ch nht l :
9 x 3 = 27 ( cm )
Chiu rng hnh ch nht l :
9 x 2 = 18 ( cm )
p s : Chiu di hnh ch nht l : 27 cm
Chiu rng hnh ch nht l : 18 cm
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 129:
Lc 7 gi mt ngi xut pht i t A n b vi vn tc 40km/gi. Cng lc mt ngi i t B v A vi vn tc
50km/gi. Bit rng sau khi i c 45 pht h gp nhau. Tnh on ng AB.
Bi gii
45 pht = 0,75 gi
Ngi xut pht i t A i c :
40 x 0,75 = 30( km)
Ngi xut pht i t B i c :
50 x 0,75 = 37,5 (km )
on ng AB di :
30 + 37,5 = 67,5 ( km )
p s: on ng AB di : 67,5 km
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 130:
C gio ch nhim t chc cho hc sinh lp mnh i tham quan. T 1 ngh xut pht lc 7 gi 5 pht, t 2
ngh xut pht lc 7 gi 15 pht, t 3 ngh xut pht lc 7 gi 30 pht v t 4 ngh xut pht lc 7 gi 35
pht. Hi c gio ch nhim chn gi xut pht no so vi gi cc t ngh khng qu 15 pht ?
p s : gi xut pht c chn tha mn u bi l 7 gi 20 pht
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 130
Mt hnh ch nht c din tch bng 437,4 cm2 . Bit chiu rng bng 3/5 chiu di . Hy tm s o chiu rng ,
s o chiu di ?
Bi gii
Gi a l gi tr 1 phn th ta c :
Chiu rng l 3a
Chiu di l 5a

3a x 5a = 437,4
=> 15a2 = 437,4
=> a2 = 29,16
=> a = 5,4
Chiu rng hnh ch nht l :
5,4 x 3 = 16,2 ( cm )
Chiu di hnh ch nht l :
5,4 x 5 = 27 ( cm )
p s : S o chiu rng l :16,2 cm
S o chiu di l : 27 cm
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Vng 31:
Bi 131:
Khi nhn mt s vi 9,05 mt hc sinh s qun vit ch s 0 ca s 9,05 nn tch tng thm 5,76 n v
so vi tch ng. Em hy tm tch ng.
Bi gii:
Khi qun vit ch s 0 s 9,05 l s 9,5.
Vy s tng thm l:
9,5 9,05 = 0,45 .
Tha s nhn vi 9,05 l:
5,76 : 0,45 = 12,8
Vy tch ng l:
12,8 x 9,05 = 115,84
p s: 115,84
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 132:
Lc 7 gi mt ngi i t A v B vi vn tc 40 km/ gi , n 7 gi 45 pht
Mt ngi khc i t B v A , n 9 gi 2 ngi gp nhau. Hi ngi i t B i vi vn tc bao nhiu?
Bit qung ng AB di 142,5 km
Bi gii
Thi gian m ngi i t A i trc:
7 gi 45 pht 7 gi = 45 pht = 0,75 gi
Qung ng m ngi i t A i trc :
40 x 0,75 = 30 ( km)
Khong cch gia hai ngi :
142,5 30 = 112,5 (km)
Thi gian hai ngi i v gp nhau :
9 gi - 7 gi 45 pht = 1gi 15 pht = 1,25 gi
n ch gp nhau , ngi i t A i c :
40 x 1,25 = 50 ( km )
Qung ng m ngi i t B phi i :
112,5 50 = 62,5( km)
Vn tc ca ngi i t B l :
62,5 : 1,25 = 50 ( km /gi )
p s : Vn tc ca ngi i t B l : 50 km / gi
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 133:
Trong mt hi ngh c 45 ngi, tt c mi ngi bt tay nhau mi ngi mt ln . Hi c tt c bao nhiu ci bt
tay ?
Bi gii

Ngi th 45 s bt 44 ci bt tay , ngi th 44 c 1 ci trng vi ngi th 45 nn cn 43 ci bt tay n

ngi cui cng s khng cn ci bt tay no v trng vi 44 ci bt tay trc .
Ta c dy tnh :
44 + 43 + 42 + + 2 + 1 + 0 = [( 44 + 0 ) : 2] x 45 = 990 (ci bt tay )
p s : c 990 ci bt tay
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 134:
Tng ca hai s bng 335,7; nu tng s th nht gp 3 ln, s th hai ln 5 ln th c hai s mi c tng
bng 1403,5. Tm hai s .
Bi gii:
Ba ln tng ca 2 s l:
335,7 x 3 = 1007,1
Hai ln s th hai l:
1403,5 1007,1 = 396,4
S th hai l :
396,4 : 2 = 198,2
S th nht l:
335,7 198,2 = 137,5
p s: S th nht l : 137,5
S th hai l : 198,2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 135:
Mt ngi trong 45 pht th i c 33,75 km. Hi nu i vi vn tc th trong 2 gi 15 pht th i c bao
nhiu km ?
Bi gii:
2 gi 15 pht = 135 pht
Trong 1 pht ngi i c :
33,75 : 45 = 0,75 ( km/ pht )
Nu i vi vn tc th trong 2 gi 15 pht ngi i c :
0,75 x 135 = 101,25 ( km )
p s : Nu i vi vn tc th trong 2 gi 15 pht ngi i c 101,25 km
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 136:
Tm 2 s bit hiu ca 2 s l 114,9 , t s ca 2 s l 5/8
Bi gii
Hiu s phn bng nhau :
8 5 = 3 ( phn )
Gi tr 1 phn :
114,9 : 3 = 38,3
S b l :
38,3 x 5 = 191,5
S ln l :
38,3 x 8 = 306,4
p s : S b l : 191,5
S ln l : 306,4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 137:
Tm gi tr ln nht ca s t nhin a tha mn a x 0,56 < 100 =""> a > 75 => v a > 75 v a l mt s t nhin
nn gi tr b nht ca a = 76
Vy : gi tr nh nht ca s t nhin a tha mn 3/4 : a < 1/100 l 76

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 140:
Lc 7 gi mt ngi i t A n B vi vn tc 40km/ gi, n 7 gi 30 pht mt ngi khc i t A cng ng
ui theo vi vn tc 55km/ gi. Hi n my gi th ngi ui kp ?
Bi gii
Thi gian ngi kia i trc:
7 gi 30 pht 7 gi = 30 pht = 0,5 gi
Khong cch gia 2 ngi :
40 x 0,5 = 20 ( km )
Hiu vn tc gia 2 ngi :
55 40 = 15 ( km/ gi )
Thi gian 2 ngi i v gp nhau :
20 : 15 = 4/3 gi = 80 pht
H gp nhau lc :
7 gi 30 pht + 80 pht = 7 gi 110 pht = 8 gi 50 pht
p s : n 8 gi 50 pht th ngi ui kp
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 141:
Mt hnh ch nht c chu vi bng 99,4 dm, bit nu tng chiu rng thm 8,5 dm v gim chiu di i 4,2 m th
n tr thnh hnh vung. Tnh din tch hnh ch nht cho?
Bi gii:
Chiu di hn chiu rng l:
8,5 + 4,2 = 12,7 ( m )
Na chu vi hnh ch nht :
99,4 : 2 = 49,7 ( m )
Chiu di hnh ch nht l :
( 49,7 + 12,7 ) : 2 = 31,2 ( m)
Chiu rng hnh ch nht l :
( 49,7 - 12,7 ) : 2 = 18,5 ( m )
Din tch hnh ch nht l :
31,2 x 18,5 = 577,2 ( m )
p s : Din tch hnh ch nht cho l 577,2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 142
Tm phn s c dng a/16 tha mn iu kin 1/8 < a/16 < 1/3
Phn s l 3/16
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Vivolympic vng 35
Tm ch s tn cng ca tch sau
1 x 3 x 5 x 7 x 9 x x 2007 x 2009
Tr li:
Ch s tn cng ca tch trn l: 5.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 143
Mt cun dy c chia thnh 4 on. Bit on th nht di bng 1/2 tng di ba on kia, on th hai
bng 1/3 tng di ba on kia, on t
h ba di bng 1/4 di ba on kia v on th t di 26 m.
Hi cun dy trc kia di bao nhiu mt ?
Bi gii
Theo bi: Bit on th nht di bng 1/2 tng di ba on kia ngha l on th nht bng 1/3 di

on dy, tng t on th hai bng 1/4 di on dy , on th ba di bng 1/5 di on dy, phn cn

li l on th t
Vy 3 on 1 , 2, 3 chim s phn on dy l :
1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5 = 47/60 ( on dy )
Vy on th t chim s phn on dy l :
1 47/60 = 13/60 (on dy)
Cun dy di l ;
26 : 13 x 60 = 120 ( m )
p s : Cun dy di l 120 m.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 144
Tnh :
( 1 + 1/2 ) x ( 1 + 1/3 ) x ( 1 + 1/4 ) x . x ( 1 + 1/98 ) x ( 1 + 1/99 )
Bi Gii
Theo ton ta c :
3 x 4 x 5 99 x 100 / 2 x 3 x 4 . 98 x 99 = 100 / 2 = 50.
Kt qu ca dy tnh trn l 50.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 145
Mt ng h c sau mi gi li chy nhanh 10 giy. By gi l 8 gi sng, ng h c chnh kim ng 8
gi. Hi n ng 8 gi ti ngy hm sau th ng h ch my gi
Bi gii
1 ngy c 24 gi
Lc ng h c chnh kim ng th cn s gi na l ht ngy hm :
24 gi - 8 gi = 16 gi
8 gi ti = 20 gi
Cn s gi na l n 8 gi ti hm sau
16 + 20 = 36 ( gi )
ng 8 gi ti hm sau th ng h chy nhanh hn l :
10 x 6 = 360 giy = 6 pht
Vy : n ng 8 gi ti ngy hm sau th ng h ch 8 gi 6 pht.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 146
Vit tt c cc s t nhin lin tip t 1 n 2010 ta c mt s c nhiu ch s .Hi s c bao nhiu ch
s.
Bi gii
T 1 n 9 c 9 s v c 9 ch s
T 10 n 99 c 90 s v c 180 ch s
T 100 n 999 c 900 s v c 2700 ch s
T 1000 n 2010 c 1011 s v c 4044 ch s
Vy : t 1 n 2010 c l :
9 + 180 + 2700 + 4044 = 6933 ( ch s )
p s : s c 6933 ch s.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 147
Hin nay An 12 tui, em trai An 6 tui , b An 40 tui v ng ni An 68 tui. Hi khi tui ng ni An bng s tui
ca ba b con An th ng ni An bao nhiu tui ?
Bi gii
Tng s tui ca ba b con An l :

12 + 6 + 40 = 58 ( tui )
Theo bi th mi nm qua th ng ni An tng thm 1 tui cn ba b con An tng thm 3 tui
Tui ca ng ni An hn s tui ca ba b con An cng li l :
68 58 = 10 ( tui )
C mi nm qua th tng s tui tng thm ca ba b con An hn tui tng ng ni An l :
3 1 = 2 ( tui )
Sau s nm na th s tui ca ba b con An bng s tui ng ni An :
10 : 2 = 5 ( tui )
Khi tui ng ni An bng s tui ca ba b con An th s tui ng ni An l:
68 + ( 5 x 1 ) = 73 ( tui ) hay 58 + ( 5 x 3) = 73 ( tui )
p s : Khi tui ng ni An bng s tui ca ba b con An th s tui ng ni An l: 73 tui .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 148
Rt gn phn s 202020/454545
202020/454545 = 20/45 = 4/9.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 149
Tm t s phn trm ca s go trong kho A v s go kho B , bit s go trong kho A bng 40 % trung bnh cng
ca s go c trong c hai kho.
Bi gii
Gi s go kho A l a, s go kho B l b th ta c :
a = 40 % ( a + b ) : 2 a = 40/100 ( a + b ) : 2
a = 20/100 ( a + b )
a = 1/5 ( a + b )
5a = a + b 4a = b a = b/4 = 0,25 b = 25 % b.
p s : T s phn trm ca s go trong kho A v s go kho B l 25%.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 150
Tng hai s thp phn l 18,96. Nu dch du phy ca s b sang phi 1 ch s ri tr i s ln ta c hiu l
74,1, tm s b ?
Bi gii
Gi a l s ln, b l s b
Nh bi, ta c :
a + b = 18,96 a = 18,96 b
10b a = 74,1
10b ( 18,96 b ) = 74,1
74,1 + 18,96 = 10b + b = 11b
b = ( 74,1 + 18,96 ) : 11 = 8,46
p s : s b l 8,46.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 151
Tm s
bit s ng thi chia ht cho 2,5 v 9
S l : 2340.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 152
Lc 7 gi mt t xut pht t A v B vi vn tc 40 km/gi. Sau 30 pht mt t khc i t B v A vi vn
tc 60 km / gi. Bit 2 t gp nhau lc 8 gi 15 pht . Tnh di qung ng AB ?
Bi gii
30 pht = 0,5 gi
Qung ng m t xut pht i t A v B i trc :

40 x 0,5 = 20 ( km/ gi )
Thi gian m t i t B v A xut pht :
7 gi + 30 pht = 7 gi 30 pht
Thi gian 2 xe i v gp nhau :
8 gi 15 pht 7 gi 30 pht = 45 pht = 0,75 gi
Tng vn tc 2 xe :
60 +40 = 100 ( km/ gi )
Qung ng AB di :
100 x 0,75 + 20 = 95 ( km )
p s : Qung ng AB di 95 km.