NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

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TP.H Ch Minh, ngy ... thng ... nm 2010
Gio vin hng dn

GII THIU
1.1 Qung co
Qung co l hnh thc tuyn truyn, gii thiu thng tin v sn phm, dch v, l
hot ng truyn thng phi trc tip gia ngi vi ngi a thng tin
thuyt phc hay tc ng n ngi nhn thng tin.
Hin nay, vi s tr gip ca my tnh cng cc phng tin truyn thng khc,
thng tin ca cc cng ty, doanh nghip c th d dng n vi khch hng mt
cch nhanh chng v thun tin. Nhng n gin, hiu qu, a dng v ph bin
nht phi k n qung co bng n LED (Light Emitting Diode it pht
quang).
* Bng qung co bng n LED
LED l cc diode c kh nng pht ra nh sng hay tia hng ngoi, tia t ngoi.
Cng ging nh diode, LED c cu to t mt khi bn dn loi P ghp vi
mt khi bn dn loi N.
Hot ng ca LED cng ging nh nhiu loi diode bn dn khc: khi bn dn
loi P cha nhiu l trng t do mang in tch dng nn khi ghp vi khi bn
dn loi N cha cc in t t do th cc l trng ny c xu hng chuyn ng
khuch tn sang khi N, cng lc khi P li nhn thm cc in t (in tch
m) t khi N chuyn sang. Kt qu l khi P tch in m (thiu ht l trng v
tha in t) trong khi khi N tch in dng (thiu ht in t v tha l
trng). bin gii hai mt tip gip, mt s in t b l trng thu ht v khi
chng tin li gn nhau, chng c xu hng kt hp vi nhau to thnh cc
nguyn t trung ha. Qu trnh ny c th gii phng nng lng di dng nh
sng (hay cc bc x in t c bc sng gn ). Ty theo mc nng lng gii
phng l cao hay thp m bc sng nh sng pht ra khc nhau (tc mu sc ca
LED s khc nhau). Mc nng lng (v mu sc ca LED) hon ton ph thuc
vo cu trc nng lng ca cc nguyn t cht bn dn. Thng thng LED c

in th phn cc thun cao hn cc loi diode khc khong 1,5 n 3V nhng

in th phn cc ngc LED li khng cao.
n LED c nhng ng dng rt phong ph v rng ri: lm b phn hin th
trong cc thit b in, in t, trang tr, lm n giao thng, cc n LED pht ra
tia hng ngoi c dng trong cc thit b iu khin t xa trong in t dn
dng thm ch ngy nay ngi ta s dng n LED pht nh sng trng
thay th cho cc thit b chiu sng thng thng nh n si t, n neon, n
compact y chc chn s l mt bc tin quan trng trong ngnh cng
nghip nng lng v hin ti n LED trng c tui th ti 50.000 gi s dng,
gp 50 ln so vi bng n 60W. iu ny c ngha l chng c th thp sng lin
tc trong vng gn 6 nm. Hn th na chng dng in p thp nn khng gy
chy n m tit kim in hn nhiu so vi bng n khc. Mt trong nhng ng
dng quan trng v ph bin hin nay ca n LED chnh l trong lnh vc qung
co: bng qung co bng n LED.
n LED thc s l 1 bc t ph mi trong cng ngh cao ni chung v trong
qung co ni ring. l cc bng hiu, bng ch dn, panel qung co c s
dng n LED v mch in t to hiu ng nh sng. Qua tm hiu ta thy
nhiu c im ni bt ca n nh tui th cao, tit kim in, khng gy chy
n, an ton tuyt i, chng rung ng tt, c bit l n vn sng r vo ban
ngy. V vy c th dng c nhng bin qung co trong nh (indoor) v ngoi tri
(outdoor) cho hiu qu cao gy s ch , ng thi truyn t thng tin n
khch hng v ngi i ng.
Bng in t c thng tin thay i c cn c gi l bng quang bo hay mn
hnh in t LED. Nhiu mu sc, nhiu cch hin th sinh ng, d dng thu ht
s ch ca mi ngi, d dng thay i thng tin trn bng in t. Nhng c
im trn khin cho Bng quang bo tr thnh phng tin truyn t thng tin
hin i, ph bin mt cch nhanh chng t khi n xut hin.
Bng LED qung co c s dng c indoor, outdoor v semi-outdoor:

 Bng indoor s dng tt trong nh, khng s dng ngoi tri c v khng
sng v khng chu c ma nng.
Bng outdoor c sng cao, kt cu chc chn, chu c ma nng.
Bng semi-outdoor (bn ngoi tri) c sng cao, s dng tt ngoi tri
nhng chu ma nng km nn bng qung co loi ny thng c t
di mi hin nh.
Trong lnh vc qung co, ng dng ca n LED c th hin di nhiu hnh
thc khc nhau nh:
Bng thng tin in t ch chy: l sn phm ca ngnh cng ngh cao
vi nhiu u im ni bt tr thnh mt phn khng th thiu trong
nhiu lnh vc ca cuc sng. im ni bt ca bng thng tin in t l
kh nng thay i thng tin v phng thc trao i thng tin. Vi nhiu
tnh nng c o, bng thng tin in t (bng quang bo, bng in t,
bng LED) lun thu ht c ng o s ch quan st ca nhiu ngi.
Do , n l sn phm c dng cho cc chng trnh qung co, cc bn
tin chng khon, ti chnh
Cng v tnh tin li m bng thng tin in t c ng dng rng ri
nhiu ni vi nhiu mc ch khc nhau nh: khch sn, nh hng, trung
tm thng mi, tr s cng ty, ngn hng, sn bay, hiu vng, sn giao dch
chng khon
Bin hiu, bin vy gy ch cho khch i ng: l loi bin qung
co in t s dng n LED siu sng c lp trnh bng vi iu khin
to nn cc hiu ng hin th khc nhau gy n tng mnh m v s ch
c bit i vi ngi i ng.
Bng qung co mn hnh Full Colour: l dng sn phm mi, ng dng
nhng cng ngh khoa hc tin tin nht ca ngnh LED hin nay. Sn

phm c ng dng trong mi lnh vc ca x hi nh vn ha, truyn

thng, th thao, du lch.

1.2 Gii thiu chung v h thng.

Vi mc ch tm hiu v cch thit k v xy dng mt bng qung co in t
bng n LED n gin, nhm em xy dng mt h thng quang bo vi s
khi nh sau:
1-1.S khi h thng.

5VDC

12VDC

Khi My tnh: gm c mt giao din cho ngi dung s dng giao tip
gia my tnh vi khi x l trung tm (VK), chn cc thng s cn
truyn nh: ni dung, hiu ng, mu sc
Khi ngun: c chc nng cung cp ngun cho h thng gm ngun 5v v
ngn 12v

 Khi x l trung tm: c chc nng x l cc d liu m my tnh truyn

ti VK t a vo khi cht iu khin khi hin th t mi c
th hin th ni dung.
Khi cht: c chc nng quy nh s hot ng ca cc hng, ct v led
ma trn.
Khi lu tr: c chc nng lu tr d liu nhn c t my tnh, c
th hin th ni dung sau khi ngt kt ni vi my tnh, hay khi b mt
ngun nui.
Khi hin th: c chc nng nhn tn hiu iu khin t khi cht v d
liu t khi x l trung tm hin th LED theo yu cu.

Gii thiu v ma trn LED.

1. B hin th:
Trong mt h thng vi x l b hin th ng mt vai tr ht sc quan trng, n l
ni dng giao tip gia my v ngi s dng. T mn hnh hin th ngi s
dng c th quan st, cm nhn c qu trnh lm vic ca h thng. Khi ngi
s dng mun vit mt chng trnh no trn mch KIT sau khi a d liu
vo, nh c mn hnh hin th m ta c th kim tra d liu nhp vo ng hay
cha.
Hin nay trn th trng c nhiu loi mn hnh hin th nh hin th mn hnh
Video, bng ma trn LED, bng LED 7 on. Trong cc cch hin th trn, vic
hin th bng LED 7 on c cu trc n gin v d s dng. Tht ra, d l loi
LED no i na th cu to ca chng cng t cc phn t LED ri qua cng ngh
sn xut chng s c nhng hnh dng khc nhau.
V nh ta bit nguyn l hot ng ca Diode Pht Quang l s pht sng khi c
dng in chy qua c (5 30)mA. Do n c th ch th c:
Tn hiu 1: khi c dng in chy qua, Diode sng.
Tn hiu 0: khi khng c dng in chy qua, Diode tt.
2. Ma trn LED 8x8(2 mu):
Ma trn LED 8x8 gm c 24 chn, cc chn c nh s th t t 1 24, bao
gm 8 chn iu khin dng, 8 chn iu khin ct v 8 chn iu khin ct
xanh.
Ma trn LED 8x8 gm c 64 im, mi im tng ng l mt LED pht quang.
Ty tng loi ma trn LED m ta c loi qut LED cho LED sng mc cao hay
mc thp. y ta s dng LED vi 8 hng l Anod v 8 ct l Catod. Khi ta
mun im no sng ta ch cn cp mc 1 tng ng vi Anod v mc 0 tng
ng vi Catod.

U 1
L E D M A T R IX 8 X 8 _ 2 C O L O R -S O D O K H O I

D C 8
10

XC 8
11

D C 7
7

XC 7
8

D C 6
4

XC 6

D C 5
1

XC 5
2

D C 4
15

XC 4
14

D C 3
18

23

XC 3

H 8

XC 1

12

H 7

17

H 6

D C 2

H 5

21

H 4

XC 2

13

H 3

20

16

H 2

D C 1

19

H 1

24

22

Hnh 3-2. S khi ma trn LED 8x8 (2 mu)

3. Phng php qut ma trn LED
iu khin ma trn LED cn c mch iu khin hng hay ct, mch xut d
liu. Cc mch ny phi kt hp cht ch vi nhau.
Vi mt ma trn hin th, nu s dng LED n th s lng LED rt ln, ko
theo s mch cht nhiu, dn n phn hin th quang bo tr nn phc tp, cng
knh, kh kt ni, kh v mch in, khng c tnh kinh t.
Phng php MULTIPLEX cho php ta iu khin ma trn LED vi s lng
ng dy v mch in gim ng k.
Theo phng php ny ti mi thi im chi duy nht c mt hng hoc mt ct
LED sng. Cc LED pht sng theo tn s nhanh mt ngi cm thy LED
sng lin tc, nh hin tng lu nh trn vng mc ca mt, nhng ch lm
sao cho cc LED sng r khng c cm gic rung.

Do LED c cp dng pht sng trong thi gian ngn, nn LED thy r bin
dng xung phi ln hn nhiu ln so vi dng DC trung bnh qua LED. Vi
ch lm vic bin dng kh ln, LED c th b h nu thi gian qu lu. V
vy cc ma trn LED phi c bo v thch hp trnh h hng.
Phng php MULTIPLEX c dng trong phng php truyn data ni tip hay
song song, c chia thnh hai loi thng dng: qut hng hay qut ct trn bng
LED. Vic chn hng hay chn ct cn c mt mch chn lnh chn hng hay
ct thch hp. Bao gm 2 phn:
V phn cng gm mch dao ng v mch gii m cho cc ct cc hng.
Dng phn mm x l chn hng hay chn ct.Tn s qut quy nh
bng phn mm.

I.

Kho st b nh ngoi EEPROM (AT28C64)

A. TNG QUT V EEPROM HAY(Read-Only Memory):

ROM l mt loi thit b lu tr dng trong my tnh v cc thit b khc.N c tn

nh vy v khng d ghi thng tin ln n. Khng ging nh RAM, thng tin trn
ROM vn c duy tr d ngun in cp khng cn.
ROM, theo ng ngha, ch cho php c d liu t chng tuy nhin tt c cc loi
ROM u cho php ghi d liu t nht mt ln, hoc khi sn xut ln u hoc
trong bc lp trnh. Mt s loi ROM cho php xa v lp trnh li nhiu ln.
EEPROM (ting Anh: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)
hay cn gi l ROM in l mt chip nh khng xo c thng dng trong cc
my tnh v cc thit b di ng lu tr mt lng d liu thp v cn thit
thay

ni

dung

c.

EEPROM thuc loi "b nh khng mt d liu khi ngng cung cp in" (nonvolatile storage).

C th ni EEPROM l cng ngh mi nht ca ROM m iu khc bit c bn l

chng c kh nng xo c bng phng php lp trnh m chng khng cn n
cc thit b chuyn dng nh cc th h trc ca n. Bng cch s dng
EEPROM (hoc flash ROM) ngi ta c th d dng xo b cc chng trnh
c np trn n ca cc bo mch ch trong my tnh c nhn m khng cn thm
mt thao tc c hc no khc k c tho v my tnh. EEPROM cn gip cc thit
b khc (bo mch mng, bo mch ho, wireless access points, b nh
tuyn...hoc trong in thoi, thit b gii tr s c nhn...) c th nng cp
firmware m khng cn thay i chip nh, vic m trc kia ngi ta thng thc
hin gn chip trn cc c th thay th sau ny bng cch g b chng v
thay bng chip khc.
B. EEPROM AT28C64
Chc nng ca cc chn EEPROM AT28C64

Vss: ground

Hnh 3-3. S chn ca EEROM AT28C64

Bng sau cho ta ch hot ng ca EEROM AT28C64 ph thuc vo trng
thi ca cc chn iu khin.

Bng trn: th hin Ch hot ng ca AT28C64

II.

IC Max232.
1.Gii thiu
s lc
Cng giao tip RS-232 l giao din ph bin rng ri nht, ging nh cng

my in, cng ni tip c s dng rng ri cho mc ch o lng v iu

khin.
2.c im
cua chun
RS-232
Vic truyn d liu RS-232 c tin hnh theo cch ni tip, ngha l cc bit
d liu c gi i ni tip nhau trn mt ng truyn dn.
u ni
DB-25

Chc nng

DB-9

Tn

GND

Hng

Truyn
d liu

TXD

Xut

Nhn d liu

RXD

Nhp

Yu cu gi

RTS

Xut

Xoa vic gi

CTS

Nhp

D liu sn sang

DSR

Nhp

Ni t vo may

GND

Do song
mang

DCD

20

Terminal sn sang

DTR

Xut

22

B chi thi vong

RI

Nhp

Bng 3-1. Cc chn v chc nng trn u ni 25 v 9 chn

3.Truyn
d liu
qua chun
RS-232
Mc tn hiu chn ra RXD ty thuc vo ng dn TXD v thng thng nm
trong khong 12V n +12V. Cc bit d liu c gi o ngc li. Mc in

p i vi mc cao nm gia 12V n 3V v mc thp nm gia +3V n

+12V.
4.Gii thiu
vi mach
giao tip
MAX 232
Vi mch MAX 232 ca hng MAXIM l mt vi mch chuyn dng trong giao
din ni tip vi my tnh. Chng c nhim v chuyn i mc TTL li vo
thnh mc +10V hoc 10V pha truyn v cc mc +3+15V hoc -15-3V
thnh mc TTL pha nhn.
Vi mch MAX 232 c hai b m v hai b nhn. ng dn iu khin li vo
CTS, iu khin vic xut ra d liu cng ni tip khi cn thit, c ni vi
chn 9 ca vi mch MAX 232. Cn chn RST (chn 10 ca vi mch MAX) ni vi
ng dn bt tay iu khin qu trnh nhn. Thng th cc ng dn bt
tay c ni vi cng ni tip qua cc cu ni, khi khng dng n na c th
h mch cc cu ny. Cch truyn d liu n gin nht l ch dng ba ng
dn TxD, RxD v GND (mass).

Hnh 3-4. S kt ni
c th giao tip c vi my vi tnh ta cn phi chuyn c mc Logic ca
tn hiu bnh thng (mc logic 0 ng vi 0 2.5V v logic 1 ng vi 3.5V
5V) sang mc logic ca tn hiu truyn sang my tnh (mc logic 0 ng vi -12V
v logic 1 ng vi +12V).
Ta s s dng IC MAX 232 m nhim chc nng ny. y l mch chun v
rt n gin, ch cn gn ng linh kin v ng cc chn nh trn hnh l mch
c th chy n nh. Khng nht thit phi tnh ton bt k gi tr no khc.

1.3 IC ULN2803.
Vi mch ULN2803 (hoc tng t ULN2803) l mt trong nhng vi mch m
c dng kh ph bin.Vi mch ULN2803 l cc mng Darlington chu c
dng in ln v in p cao, trong 8 cp Darlington cc gp h vi cc cc
pht chung. Tng knh trong s 8 knh u c th chu c lu di dng in n
500mA vi bin nh ln n 600mA. Mi mt knh c mt diode chn
(suppression), diode ny c th c s dng trong trng hp ti c tnh cm
ng, chng hn nh cc rle.
Li vo ca ULN2803 tng thch TTL. Nhng ng dng in hnh ca vi mch
m l iu khin cun dy solenoid, rle, mt mt chiu, cc b hin th LED,
u my tn nhit,
i vi mi mt trong s cc b m, c mt diode vi anode (cc dng) c
kt ni vi li ra, cn catode (cc m) c ni vi im chung cho ton b 8
diode. Li ra ny l loi cc gp h, c ngha l ti bn ngoi c ni gia ngun
nui v li ra ca b m. Ngun nui c th l mt ngun in p dng bt k

nh hn +50V, nh c ch nh trong cc ti liu k thut ca nh cung cp. Gi

tr ti phi c tnh sao cho dng in chy qua lu di nh hn 500mA v dng
nh nh hn 600mA tnh trn mi mch m.

Hnh 3-5. S chn v cu to ULN2803

TNH TON NGUN CUNG CP:

Mt hng led matran bao gm 16 con led ( 8 led xanh v 8 led ), ta li c 8 con
led matran do tng cng mt hng ta c 16*8 = 128 con led n
M ngun cung cp cho 1 led n l 10mA,
ng thi theo phng php MULTIPLEX th ti 1 thi im ch c 1 hng led
sng ( i vi led matran). Nn ta s t trng hp l ton b led 1 hng sng
mt thi im.
Do dng in maximum cung cp cho hng led ti 1 thi im l:
Imax = 10mA*128led = 1.28 A
Vy ngun cung cp cn thit s phi ln hn 1.28A l an ton nht.

CHNG 2:

NGUYN L HOT NG CA H THNG V LU

GII THUT CA CHNG TRNH.

Khi khi ng mch quang bo, vi iu khin s c thng tin c lu trc trong
EEPROM v kiu chy ch , mu sc, tc v ni dung ca bn tin. Sau vi iu
khin s gi chng trnh hin th hin th ni dung ra bng quang bo.
Khi chng trnh qun l trn my tnh yu cu cp nht bn tin mi cho bng quang
bo, vi iu khin s ngng vic hin th ch nhn d liu mi t my tnh. Sau
lu ni dung va nhn c vo EEPROM phc v cho vic hin th bng quang
bo.
Sau khi nhn xong, vi iu khin s bt u hin th ni dung mi cp nht

2.1 LU CC CHNG TRNH CA H THNG.

2.1.1 Lu chng trnh chnh

BEGIN

KHAI BAO BAN DAU

TMOD,TH1,SCON,TR1..

MAIN
TAT LED

DOC ROM

( hin th v ly 5byte x cu hnh)

D.TRAI

BIEN K.CHAY=1?

BIEN K.CHAY=2?

C.TAT

S
D.YEN

BIEN K.CHAY=3?

S
S
RI=1?

READ PC

END

2.1.2 Lu chng trnh con ReadPC

2.1.3 Lu chng trnh con D.YEN

2.1.4 Lu chng trnh con ReadPC

2.1.5 Lu chng trnh

t phi qua tri

dch

2.1.6 Lu chng trnh hin th

CHNG TRNH X L VI IU KHIN

;p1 data hang

;p0 xuat du lieu dieu khien chot du lieu hang cho tung led va chot cot
;p3.2 mo chot cot xanh
;p3.3 mo chot cot do
;p3.4 mo chot data hang
bienc equ 30h
bient equ 31h
bienkc
equ 32h
bienmc
equ 33h
bientdequ 34h
bien1 equ 35h
org

0000h

mov
mov
mov
setb
clr
lcall

tmod,#20h
scon,#52h
th1,#-24
tr1
ri
tatled

lb4:
lcall docrom
lb:
mov
cjne
lcall
sjmp

a,bienkc
a,#01,lb1
chaychu
lb3

mov
cjne
lcall
sjmp

a,bienkc
a,#02,lb2
choptat
lb3

lb1:

lb2:
mov a,bienkc
cjne a,#03,lb3
lcall dyen
lb3:
jnb ri,lb
lcall readpc

sjmp lb4
chaychu:
mov
mov
lbx2:
mov
lbx1:
lcall
jnb
ljmp
lbx3:
djnz

r6,#00h
r7,#00h
r2,bientd
hienthi
ri,lbx3
lbx4
r2,lbx1

inc r7
cjne r7,#00,lbx5
inc r6
lbx5:
mov
cjne
mov
cjne

a,r6
a,bienc,lbx2
a,r7
a,bient,lbx2

lbx4:
ret
choptat:
mov
mov
mov
lbd1:
lcall
jnb
ljmp
lbd3:
djnz
mov
lbd5:
lcall
jnb
ljmp
lbd2:
lcall
djnz

r6,#00h
r7,#40h
r2,#100

;thoi gian sang

hienthi
ri,lbd3
lbd4
r2,lbd1
r2,#50
tatled
ri,lbd2
lbd4
delay1
r2,lbd5

;thoi gian tat

lbd4:
ret
dyen:
mov r6,#00h
mov r7,#40h
lcall hienthi
ret

;chuong trinh con hien thi 8 led ma tran hang 1

hienthi:
mov r1,#00
;copy dia chi dau de quan li data
mov r3,#8
;so lan hien thi la 8 cot
mov r4,#01h
;goi ma quet ra port 2
xx1:
jnb ri,xx3
ljmp xx4
xx3:
mov a,r7
clr
c
add a,r1
mov dpl,a
mov a,r6
addc a,#00
mov dph,a
movx a,@dptr
mov p1,a
setb p3.4
lcall chot1
clr
p3.4
mov
clr
add
add
mov
mov
addc

a,r1
c
a,#8
a,r7
dpl,a
a,r6
a,#00

mov dph,a
movx a,@dptr
mov p1,a
setb p3.4
lcall chot2
clr
p3.4
mov a,r1
clr
c
add a,#16
add a,r7
mov dpl,a
mov a,r6
addc a,#00
mov dph,a
movx a,@dptr
mov p1,a
setb p3.4
lcall chot3
clr
p3.4
mov a,r1
clr
c
add a,#24
add a,r7
mov dpl,a
mov a,r6
addc a,#00
mov dph,a
movx a,@dptr
mov p1,a
setb p3.4
lcall chot4
clr
p3.4
mov
clr
add
add
mov
mov
addc
mov

a,r1
c
a,#32
a,r7
dpl,a
a,r6
a,#00
dph,a

movx a,@dptr
mov p1,a
setb p3.4
lcall chot5
clr
p3.4
mov a,r1
clr
c
add a,#40
add a,r7
mov dpl,a
mov a,r6
addc a,#00
mov dph,a
movx a,@dptr
mov p1,a
setb p3.4
lcall chot6
clr
p3.4
mov a,r1
clr
c
add a,#48
add a,r7
mov dpl,a
mov a,r6
addc a,#00
mov dph,a
movx a,@dptr
mov p1,a
setb p3.4
lcall chot7
clr
p3.4
mov a,r1
clr
c
add a,#56
add a,r7
mov dpl,a
mov a,r6
addc a,#00
mov dph,a
movx a,@dptr

mov
setb
lcall
clr

p1,a
p3.4
chot8
p3.4

mov p2,r4
lcall chonmau
lcall delay
lcall tatled
mov a,r4
rl
a
mov r4,a
inc r1
djnz r3,xx2
xx4:
ret
xx2: ljmp xx1
chonmau:
mov
cjne
setb
clr
mau1:cjne
setb
clr
mau2:cjne
setb
clr
setb
clr
mau3:
ret

a,bienmc
a,#01,mau1
p3.3
p3.3
a,#02,mau2
p3.2
p3.2
a,#03,mau3
p3.2
p3.2
p3.3
p3.3

chot1:mov p2,#01h
mov p2,#00
ret

;mau chu
;mau do
;mau xanh
;mau cam

chot2:mov p2,#02h
mov p2,#00
ret
chot3:mov p2,#04h
mov p2,#00
ret
chot4:mov p2,#08h
mov p2,#00
ret
chot5:mov p2,#10h
mov p2,#00
ret
chot6:mov p2,#20h
mov p2,#00
ret
chot7:mov p2,#40h
mov p2,#00
ret
chot8:mov p2,#80h
mov p2,#00
ret
delay:
mov 7dh,#100
djnz 7dh,$
ret
delay1:
mov
del1: mov
djnz
djnz
ret

7eh,#60
7fh,#100
7fh,$
7eh,del1

docrom:
mov dptr,#1ffah
movx a,@dptr

mov bienc,a
mov dptr,#1ffbh
movx a,@dptr
mov bient,a
mov dptr,#1ffch
movx a,@dptr
mov bienkc,a
mov dptr,#1ffdh
movx a,@dptr
mov bienmc,a
mov dptr,#1ffeh
movx a,@dptr
mov bientd,a
mov
clr
add
mov
mov
addc
mov

a,bient
c
a,#40h
bient,a
a,bienc
a,#00
bienc,a

ret
readpc:
mov dptr,#1ffah
jnb ri,$
clr
ri
mov a,sbuf
movx @dptr,a
mov bienc,a
mov dptr,#1ffbh
jnb ri,$
clr
ri
mov a,sbuf
movx @dptr,a
mov bient,a

mov dptr,#1ffch
jnb ri,$
clr
ri
mov a,sbuf
movx @dptr,a
mov bienkc,a
mov dptr,#1ffdh
jnb ri,$
clr
ri
mov a,sbuf
movx @dptr,a
mov bienmc,a
mov dptr,#1ffeh
jnb ri,$
clr
ri
mov a,sbuf
movx @dptr,a
mov bientd,a
mov
mov
clr
add
mov
mov
addc
mov

dptr,#0040h
a,bient
c
a,#40h
bient,a
a,bienc
a,#00
bienc,a

read1:
jnb ri,$
clr
ri
mov a,sbuf
movx @dptr,a
inc dptr
mov a,dph
cjne a,bienc,read1
mov a,dpl
cjne a,bient,read1
read3:
mov bien1,#40h
read2:
lcall delay

mov a,#00
movx @dptr,a
lcall delay1
inc dptr
djnz bien1,read2
ret
tatled:
mov
mov
setb
clr

p1,#00h
p2,#0ffh
p3.4
p3.4

mov p2,#00h
setb p3.2
clr
p3.2
setb p3.3
clr
p3.3
ret
end

;tat hang

;tat cot xanh

;tat cot do

CHNG TRNH TRN VISUAL BASIC

Dim send1(0 To 1023) As Byte

Dim ma1(32 To 700) As String
Dim lencode As Integer
Dim highlencode As Integer
Dim lowlencode As Integer
Dim kieuchay As Integer
Dim mauchu As Integer
Dim tocdo As Integer
Private Sub xaclap()
Dim tam1 As String
Dim m As Integer
Dim n As Integer
'HANG TREN
lencode = 0
lowlencode = 0
highlencode = 0
m=1
Do While m < Len(Text1) + 1
tam1 = ma1(Asc(Mid(Text1, m, 1)))
n=1
Do While n < Len(tam1)
send1(lencode) = Mid(tam1, n, 3)
lencode = lencode + 1
lowlencode = lowlencode + 1
If lowlencode = 256 Then
lowlencode = 0
highlencode = highlencode + 1
End If
n=n+4
Loop
m=m+1

Loop
End Sub
Private Sub CTAT_Click()
kieuchay = "2"
End Sub
Private Sub DTRAI_Click()
kieuchay = "1"
End Sub
Private Sub DYEN_Click()
kieuchay = "3"
End Sub
Private Sub exit_Click()
End
End Sub
Private Sub Form_Load()
MSComm1.CommPort = 1
MSComm1.Settings = "1200,n,8,1"
MSComm1.InputLen = 0
'nhan tat ca du lieu vao
MSComm1.PortOpen = True 'mo cong cho phep truyen
Text1.Enabled = True
MAUDO.Value = True
DTRAI.Value = True
X1.Value = True
'DATA HANG
ma1(34) = "014 000 014 000" 'dau "
ma1(60) = "016 056 068 000" 'dau <
ma1(62) = "068 056 016 000" 'dau >
ma1(63) = "006 001 081 009 006 000" 'dau ?
ma1(43) = "016 016 056 016 016 000" 'dau +
ma1(61) = "020 020 020 020 000" 'dau =
ma1(32) = "000 000 000"
'khoang trang
ma1(33) = "144 144 255"
'dau !

ma1(44) = "160 096 000"

'dau ,
ma1(45) = "008 008 008 008 008 000"
ma1(46) = "096 096 000"
'dau .
ma1(58) = "054 054 000"
'dau :

'dau -

ma1(48) = "062 081 073 069 062 000" 'so 0

ma1(49) = "066 127 064 000"
'so 1
ma1(50) = "066 097 081 073 070 000"
'so 2
ma1(51) = "033 065 069 075 049 000" 'so 3
ma1(52) = "024 020 018 127 016 000"
'so 4
ma1(53) = "039 069 069 069 057 000"
'so 5
ma1(54) = "060 074 073 073 048 000"
'so 6
ma1(55) = "001 113 009 005 003 000"
'so 7
ma1(56) = "054 073 073 073 054 000"
'so 8
ma1(57) = "006 073 073 041 030 000"
'so 9
ma1(65) = "126 017 017 017 126 000"
ma1(66) = "127 073 073 073 054 000"
ma1(67) = "062 065 065 065 034 000"
ma1(68) = "127 065 065 034 028 000"
ma1(69) = "127 073 073 073 065 000"
ma1(70) = "127 009 009 009 001 000"
ma1(71) = "062 065 073 073 058 000"
ma1(72) = "127 008 008 008 127 000"
ma1(73) = "065 127 065 000"
ma1(74) = "032 064 065 063 001 000"
ma1(75) = "127 008 020 034 065 000"
ma1(76) = "127 064 064 064 064 000"
ma1(77) = "127 002 012 002 127 000"
ma1(78) = "127 004 008 016 127 000"
ma1(79) = "062 065 065 065 062 000"
ma1(80) = "127 009 009 009 006 000"
ma1(81) = "062 065 081 033 094 000"
ma1(82) = "127 009 025 041 070 000"
ma1(83) = "070 073 073 073 049 000"
ma1(84) = "001 001 127 001 001 000"
ma1(85) = "063 064 064 064 063 000"
ma1(86) = "031 032 064 032 031 000"
ma1(87) = "063 064 063 064 063 000"
ma1(88) = "099 020 008 020 099 000"
ma1(89) = "007 008 112 008 007 000"
ma1(90) = "097 081 073 069 067 000"

'chu A
'chu B
'chu C
'chu D
'chu E
'chu F
'chu G
'chu H
'chu I
'chu J
'chu K
'chu L
'chu M
'chu N
'chu O
'chu P
'chu Q
'chu R
'chu S
'chu T
'chu U
'chu V
'chu W
'chu X
'chu Y
'chu Z

ma1(97) = "116 084 084 124 000"

'chu a
ma1(98) = "127 072 072 048 000"
'chu b
ma1(99) = "056 068 068 040 000"
'chu c
ma1(100) = "048 072 072 127 000"
'chu d
ma1(101) = "056 084 084 088 000" 'chu e
ma1(102) = "004 062 005 000"
'chu f
ma1(103) = "024 164 164 248 000" 'chu g
ma1(104) = "127 008 008 112 000"
'chu h
ma1(105) = "059 000"
'chu i
ma1(106) = "128 125 000"
'chu j
ma1(107) = "127 016 040 051 000"
'chu k
ma1(108) = "127 000"
'chu l
ma1(109) = "124 004 120 004 120 000" 'chu m
ma1(110) = "124 004 004 120 000"
'chu n
ma1(111) = "056 068 068 056 000"
'chu o
ma1(112) = "252 036 036 024 000"
'chu p
ma1(113) = "024 036 036 252 000"
'chu q
ma1(114) = "124 008 004 000"
'chu r
ma1(115) = "072 086 086 100 000"
'chu s
ma1(116) = "004 063 068 000"
'chu t
ma1(117) = "060 064 064 124 000"
'chu u
ma1(118) = "060 064 064 060 000" 'chu v
ma1(119) = "060 064 060 064 060 000" 'chu w
ma1(120) = "108 016 016 108 000" 'chu x
ma1(121) = "012 016 016 252 000" 'chu y
ma1(122) = "068 100 084 076 068 000" 'chu z
End Sub
Private Sub SEND_Click()
Call xaclap
MSComm1.Output = Chr$(highlencode) 'khai bao send bao nhieu byte
MSComm1.Output = Chr$(lowlencode)
MSComm1.Output = Chr$(kieuchay) 'send byte thay doi kieu chay
MSComm1.Output = Chr$(mauchu) 'send byte thay doi mau chu
MSComm1.Output = Chr$(tocdo) 'send byte thay doi toc do
For i = 0 To (lencode - 1)
MSComm1.Output = Chr$(send1(i)) 'send cac byte ky tu
Next
End Sub
Private Sub MAUCAM_Click()
Text1.ForeColor = &H80FF&

mauchu = "3"
End Sub
Private Sub MAUDO_Click()
Text1.ForeColor = &HFF&
mauchu = "1"
End Sub
Private Sub MAUXANH_Click()
Text1.ForeColor = &HFF00&
mauchu = "2"
End Sub
Private Sub X1_Click()
tocdo = "10"
End Sub
Private Sub X2_Click()
tocdo = "50"
End Sub
Private Sub X3_Click()
tocdo = "100"
End Sub

TNG KT
Nhng cng vic thc hin c:
n hon thnh v t c nhng kt qu sau:
- C kh nng hin th chui k t nhp t my tnh vi 3 hiu ng:
chy t phi qua tri, chp tt, ng yn.
- C th hin th chui vi 3 mu: xanh, , cam.
- Tc ch chy nhanh, chm,trung bnh
Tuy nhin n vn cn nhng hn ch sau:
- C th hin th mu sc ca chui nhng cha hin th mu ring
cho tng k t.
- Do s dng ng truyn RS-232 nn di cp c gii hn.
- Chua c nhiu font ch thay i.
- Knh thc cn qu nh 8x8
Hng pht trin:
- Tng kch thc ca mch quang bo cho ph hp vi thc t s
dng.
- S dng nhiu font ch lm phong ph hn bng quang bo.
- S dng giao tip USB thay th cho RS232.
- Tng thm nhiu hiu ng cho bng quang bo a dng hn.
Kt lun:
ti: THIT K V THI CNG BNG QUANG BO. ti
trnh by c nguyn tc hot ng c bn ca mch quang bo giao tip
my tnh, gii thiu v cch s dng cng nh s chn, s ni b ca
LED ma trn v cc IC s dng trong mch.
Tuy nhin, do cn hn ch v thi gian v trnh nn ti khng trnh
khi nhiu sai st, em rt mong nhn c s ng gp kin chn tnh ca
qu thy c v cc bn ti c hon chnh hn.

TI LIU THAM KHO

S chn linh kin bn dn Dng Minh Tr.
Vi iu khin vi lp trnh - Ng Din Tp.
H vi iu khin 8051 Tng Vn On.
Cu trc v lp trnh vi iu khin 8051 Phan Quc Thng-Nguyn Tng Cng.
o lng v iu khin bng my tnh Ng Din Tp.
Lp trnh ghp ni my tnh trong windows Ng Din Tp.
Mch in t - L Tin Thng.
www.alldatasheet.com
www.dientuvietnam.net
www.hocavr.com
www.ant7.com
vi.wikipedia.org