Trng THPT Trng Chinh Ngy son: Tit: 20

Gio n hnh hc 10 c bn

: ON TAP CUOI HOC KY I I/ Muc tieu: Ve kien thc: Giup hoc sinh he thong lai cac kien thc a hoc ve vect, he truc toa o, va tch vo hng cua hai vect. Ve ky nang: Chng minh mot bieu thc vect, giai cac dang toan ve truc toa o. Chng minh cac he thc ve gia tr lng giac, tnh tch vo hng cua hai vect. II/ Chuan b cua thay va tro: Giao vien: Giao an, phan mau, tht. Hoc sinh: On tap trc. III/ Phng phap day hoc: Hoi ap , neu van e, gi m, dien giai. V/ Tien trnh cua bai hoc : 1/ On nh lp : ( 1 phut ) 2/ Kiem tra bai cu: ( Lng vo tit hc) 3/ Bai mi: HGV-HS NI DUNG H1: Nhac lai cac phep toan ve vect. Hoi: 2 vect cung phng khi nao? Khi nao th 2 vect co the cung hng hoac ngc hng ? Tra li:2 vect cung phng khi gia song song hoac trung nhau. Khi 2 vect cung phng th no mi co the cung hng hoac ngc hng. Hoi: 2 vect c goi la bang nhau khi nao ? Tra li: r r a, b cug hg n n r r a=br r a = b Yeu cau: Neu cach ve vect tong r r va hieu cua a va Tra li: Ve b r r tong a + b uu r uu r ur ur uu r r ur Ve OA = a, AB = b OB = a + b r r Ve hieu a b uu r uu r ur ur uu r r u r Ve OA = a, OB = b BA = a b Yeu cau: Hoc sinh neu quy tac hbh ABCD, quy tac 3 iem, quy tac tr? Tra li: uu uu uu uu uu uu uu uu uu ur ur ur ur ur ur ur ur ur AC = AB + AD; AC = AB + BC ; AB = OB OA r Hoi: The nao la vect oi cua a ? Gv: Trn Th Thanh Minh I. Vect : Hai vect cung phng khi gia cua no song song hoac trung nhau. Hai vect cung phng th chung co the cung hng hoac ngc hng r r a, b cug hg n n r r a=br r a = b r r Ve vect a + b r r r A b B a b r a r r O a+b r r Ve vect a b A r r r ab a r O B b Quy tac hbh ABCD uu uu uu ur ur ur AC = AB + AD Quy tac 3 iem A, B, C uu uu uu ur ur ur AC = AB + BC Quy tac tr uu u u uu ur ur ur AB = OB OA r r Vect oi cua a la a . uu ur uu u r ( Vect oi cua AB la BA ) r r n n k .a cug hg a khi k >0 r r k .a ng hg a khi k <0 c n 1

Trng THPT Trng Chinh r Tra li: La vect a Hoi: Co nhan xet g ve hng r r va o dai cua vect k .a va ? i r r Tra li: k .a cug hg a, k >0 n n r r k .a ng hg a, k <0 c n r r k .a co dala k . a o i

Gio n hnh hc 10 c bn r r k .a co dala k . a o i r r r r a va cug phng khi: a = k .b b n uu uu ur ur uu ur I la trung iem AB: MA + MB = 2MI G la trong tam VABC : uu uu uu ur ur uu r uu uu r MA + MB + MC = 3.MG

Yeu cau: Neu ieu kien e 2 vect cung phng ? r r r r Tra li: a cug phng b a = k .b n Hoi: Neu tnh chat trung iem oan thang ? Neu tnh chat trong tam cua tam giac ? Tra li:I la trung iem cua AB uu uu ur ur uu ur M : MA + MB = 2MI G la trong tam VABC th: M ta co: uu uu uu ur ur uu r uu uu r MA + MB + MC = 3.MG H2:Nhac lai cac kien thc ve II. He truc toa o Oxy: he truc toa o Oxy. rr r r r r Hoi:Trong he truc (O; i; j ) cho u = ( x; y ) u = x.i + y. j r r r u r x = x ' u = ( x; y ) u = ? u r u r r u = u '( x '; y ') u ' = ( x '; y ') : u ' = u ? y = y' r r r Cho A( x A ; y A ), B( xB ; yB ) Tra li: u = x.i + y. j uu ur r u r AB = ( xB x A ; yB y A ) x = x ' r r u =u' Cho u (u1 ; u2 ), v(v1 ; v2 ) y = y ' r r Hoi: The nao la toa o iem M ? u v = (u1 v1 ; u2 v2 ) r Tra li: Toa o cua iem M la u ur uu k .u = ( k .u1 ; k .u2 ) toa o cua vect OM . uu ur r r u1 = k .v1 Hoi: Cho A( x A ; y A ), B ( xB ; yB ) AB = ? u , v cung phng Tra li: u2 = k .v2 uu ur I la trung iem AB th AB = ( xB x A ; yB y A ) r r x +x y + yB Yeu cau: Cho u (u1 ; u2 ), v(v1 ; v2 ) .Viet xI = A B , y I = A r r r r r 2 2 u + v, u v, k .u G la trong tam VABC th r r Tra li: u v = (u1 v1 ; u2 v2 ) x A + xB + xC = 3.xG r k .u = ( k .u1 ; k .u2 ) y A + yB + yC = 3. yG r r Hoi: u , v cung phng khi nao ? r r Tra li: u , v cung phng khi u1 = k .v1 , u2 = k .v2 Yeu cau: Neu cong thc toa o trung iem AB, toa o trong tam VABC . Tra li: I la T cua AB Gv: Trn Th Thanh Minh 2

Trng THPT Trng Chinh x A + xB y + yB , yI = A 2 2 G la trong tam VABC x A + xB + xC = 3.xG xI = y A + yB + yC = 3. yG Yeu cau: Neu cach xac nh r r goc gia 2 vect a va b Tra li: B r r A a b O uu r uu r ur ur r r Ve OA = a, OB = b .Goc AOB = (a, b) r r Hoi: Khi nao th goc (a, b) = 00 ? r r r r (a, b) = 900 ?, (a, b) = 1800 ? Tra li: r r r r (a, b) = 00 khi a b r r r r (a, b) = 900 khi a b r r r r (a, b) = 1800 khi a b Yeu cau: Nhac lai cong thc tnh rr tch vo hng a.b theo o dai va theo toa o ? Tra li: r r r r (a, b) = 00 khi a b r r r r (a, b) = 900 khi a b r r r r (a, b) = 1800 khi a b rr Hoi: Khi nao th a.b bang khong, am, dng ? Tra li: r r rr a b a.b = 0 r r r a, b = 0 rr r r rr r r a.b > 0 khi (a, b) la n a.b < 0 khi (a, b) la nho tu Hoi: Neu cong thc tnh o dai vect ? r 2 Tra li: a = a12 + a2 Yeu cau: Neu cong thc tnh goc gia 2 vect .
r r cos( a, b) = a1.b1 + a2 .b2
2 2 a + a2 . b12 + b2 2 1

Gio n hnh hc 10 c bn

III. Tch vo hng: r r Goc gia (a, b) = AOB uu r uu r ur ur Vi OA = a, OB = b r r r r (a, b) = 00 khi a b r r r r (a, b) = 900 khi a b r r r r (a, b) = 1800 khi a b

Tch vo hng rr r r r r a.b = a . b .cos(a, b) rr a.b = a1.b1 + a2 .b2 rr r r a.b = 0 a b r r r (Vi a, b 0 ) rr r r a.b > 0 khi (a, b) la n nho rr r r a.b < 0 khi (a, b) la tu r r 2 r2 r r r2 (a b) = a 2a.b + b r r r r r 2 r2 (a + b).(a b) = a b r 2 a = a12 + a2 r r a1.b1 + a2 .b2 cos(a, b) = 2 2 a12 + a2 . b12 + b2 uu ur AB = ( xB x A ) 2 + ( yB y A ) 2

4/ Cung co: Sa cac cau hoi trac nghiem trang 28, 29 SGK. 5/ Dan do: On tap cac ly thuyet va lam cac bai tap con lai.Xem lai cac bai tap a lam . V/ Rt kinh nghim:

Gv: Trn Th Thanh Minh