Phng php 1 PHNG PHP BO TON ELECTRON

Cu 1 : Cho m gam hn hp Fe v Mg tc dng va vi 10,66 gam hn hp kh Cl2 v Br2 (t l mol Cl2: Br2 = 3:2) thu c 13,86 gam mui hn hp. Khi lng Mg trong hn hp u l A. 1,2 gam B. 0,72 gam. C. 0,96 gam. D. 0,48 gam. Cu 2 : Cho m gam Cu phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO v NO2 c khi lng l 15,2 gam. Gi tr ca m l A. 25,6 B. 16. C. 2,56. D. 8. Cu 3 : Mt hn hp gm 4 kim loi : Mg, Ni, Zn v Al c chia thnh hai phn bng nhau : - Phn 1 : cho tc dng vi HCl d thu c 3,36 lt H2 - Phn 2 : ho tan ht trong HNO3 long d thu c V lt mt kh khng mu, ho nu trong khng kh (cc th tch kh u do ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 2,24 lt. B. 3,36 lt. C. 4,48 lt. D. 5,6 lt. Cu 4 : Cho 3,35 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al, Cu tc dng hon ton vi dung dch H 2SO4 c nng, d c 2,8 lt kh SO2 (ktc). Khi t 3,35 gam hn hp trn trong kh Clo d th khi lng mui clorua thu c l A. 10,225 gam. B. 12,225 gam C. 8,125 gam. D. 9,255 gam Cu 5 : Ho tan hon ton 12,9 gam hn hp Cu, Zn vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng c 0,14 mol SO2; 0,64 gam S v dung dch mui sunfat. % khi lng Cu trong hn hp ban u l A. 50,39% B. 54,46% C. 50,15% D. 49,61% Cu 6 : Trn 8,4 gam Fe vi 1,6 gam bt S ri un nng (khng c khng kh), sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn X. Ha tan hon ton cht rn X bng dung dch HCl d, thu c kh Y. t chy hon ton Y cn V lt O2 (ktc). V l A. 2,80 lit. B. 3,08 lit. C. 6,16 lit. D. 6,72 lit. Cu 7 : Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,002 mol FeS2 v 0,003 mol FeS vo lng d H2SO4 c, nng c mui X, SO2, v H2O. Hp th ht SO2 bng lng va dung dch KMnO4, thu c dd Y khng mu, trong sut, c pH = 2. Th tch dd Y l A. 4,56 lit B. 5,70 lit C. 1,14 lit D. 2,28 lit Cu 8 : Ho tan 6,25 gam hn hp Zn v Al vo 275ml dung dch HNO3 thu c dung dch X (khng cha mui amoni), cht rn Y gm cc kim loi cha tan ht cn nng 2,516 gam v 1,12 lt hn hp kh Z ( ktc) gm NO v NO2. T khi ca hn hp Z so vi H2 l 16,75. Tnh nng mol/l ca HNO3 v tnh khi lng mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch sau phn ng. A. 0,65M v 11,794 gam. B. 0,65M v 12,35 gam.
1

C. 0,75M v 1l,794 gam.

D. 0,55M v 12,35 gam.

Cu 9 : Cho a gam nhm tc dng vi b gam Fe 2O3 thu c hn hp X. Ho tan X trong HNO 3 d, thu c 2,24 lt (ktc) mt kh khng mu ho nu trong khng kh. Khi lng nhm dng l : A. 2,7 gam B. 5,4 gam C. 4,0 gam D. 1,35 gam Cu 10 : Cho dng khi CO i qua ng s cha 0,12 mol hn hp gm FeO v Fe 2O3 nung nng, phn ng to ra 0,138 mol CO2. Hn hp cht rn cn li trong ng nng 14,352 gam gm bn cht. Ho tan ht hn hp bn cht ny vo dung dch HNO 3 d c V lt NO (sn phm kh duy nht). Gi tr ca V (ktc) l A. 0,224. B. 0,672. C. 2,248. D. 6,854. Cu 11 : Ho tan 1,52 gam hn hp Fe v Cu vo 200ml dung dch HNO 3 sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch X, 224ml kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ktc v cn 0,64 gam cht rn khng b ho tan. Nng mol ca dung dch HNO3 l A. 0,1M. B. 0,2M. C. 0,25M. D. 0,5M. Cu 12 : Hn hp X gm Fe v Cu vi t l phn trm khi lng l 4: 6. Ho tan m gam X bng dung dch HNO3 thu c 0,448 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ktc) dung ch Y v c 0,65m (gam) kim loi khng tan. Khi lng mui khan trong dung dch X l A. 5,4 gam. B. 6,4 gam. C. 11,2 gam. D. 8,6 gam. Cu 13 : Cho m gam hn hp X gm oxit FeO, CuO,Fe2O3 c s mol bng nhau tc dng hon ton vi lng va l 250ml dung dch HNO3 khi un nng nh thu c dung dch Y v 3,136 lt (ktc) hn hp kh Z gm NO2 v NO c t khi so vi hiro l 20,143. Gi tr ca m l. A. 74,88 B. 52,35. C. 61,79. D. 72,35 Cu 14 : Cho 1 lung khi CO i qua ng ng Fe2O3 nung nng. Sau mt thi gian thu c 44,46 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 Fe3O4. Cho X tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 0,1M th thu c dung dch Y v 3,136 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc). Th tch dung dch HNO3 dng l A. 1,94 lt. B. 19,4 lt. C. 15 lt. D. 1,34 lt. Cu 15 : Dung dch X gm AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 c cng nng . Ly mt lng hn hp gm 0,03 mol Al; 0,05 mol Fe cho vo 100ml dung dch X cho ti khi phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn Y cha 3 kim loi. Cho Y vo HCl d gii phng 0,07 gam kh. Nng ca hai mui l A. 0,3M. B. 0,4M. C. 0,42M. D. 0,45M.

Xt bi ton tng qut quen thuc: + HNO3 (H2SO4 c, nng) O2 M0 hn hp rn (M, MxOy) (2) (1) m gam m1 gam Gi: S mol kim loi l a S oxi ha cao nht (max) ca kim loi l n S mol electron nhn (2) l t mol Tm m theo M, m1, t v n

M+n + N (S ) (n: max)