Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

NGHIN CU X L NC THI THY SN (SURIMI) BNG

M HNH K KH (UASB), HIU KH (SBR)
THE STUDY OF FISHERY INDUSTRY WASTEWATER TREATMENT (SURIMI)
BY USING ANAEROBIC MODEL (UASB) AND AEROBIC MODEL (SBR)
SVTH: Dng Gia c
Lp 08MTLT, Trng i hc Bch khoa

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Quang

Khoa Mi Trng, Trng i hc Bch khoa
TM TT
Bo co trnh by kt qu nghin cu hiu sut x l nc thi ngnh cng nghip ch
bin thy sn (Surimi) bng m hnh k kh (UASB) v m hnh hiu kh (SBR)
ABSTRACT
This report presents the performance of seafood industrial wastewater treament (Surimi)
by using anaerobic model (UASB) and aerobic model (SBR).

1. M u
Nng c thin nhin u i c ngun thy sn phong ph, to iu kin cho nghnh
cng nghip ch bin thy sn pht trin, em li nhiu li ch to ln trong vic pht trin
kinh t ca vng, ng gp mt phn vo GDP ca c nc. Tuy nhin cht thi nghnh
thy sn s tc ng nghim trng n mi trng, c bit l mi trng t, nc. Kt
qu kho st mc nhim mi trng khu vc do S TN-MT thnh ph thc hin
cho thy, cc nh my thy sn Danifood, Thun Phc, Th Quang cng ngh x l
nc thi c in (iu ha Aerotank lng kh trng) cht lng nc u ra khng
n nh v vt tiu chun 5945-2005 ct B nhiu ln, nc thi b nhim hu c
nghim trng, nng BOD5 vt 12.6 ln, COD vt 10.48 ln, tng Nit vt 2.17
ln Khu cng nghip dch v thy sn Nng v u thuyn Th Quang ang l im
nng v mi trng.
Chnh v nhng l do trn, Nghin cu x l nc thi thy sn (Surimi) bng m hnh
k kh (UASB) v hiu kh (SBR) l rt thit thc v cn thit.
2. Ni dung nghin cu
2.1. Mc ch ti
- Xc nh tnh cht, thnh phn nc thi t qu trnh sn xut Surimi;
- Xc nh hiu xut x l nc thi surimi bng m hnh k kh UASB, hiu kh SBR.
2.2. i tng nghin cu
- Nc thi sn xut surimi ca cng ty Danifood
- M hnh k kh (UASB) v m hnh hiu kh (SBR)

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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

2.3. Thit lp m hnh

2.3.1. M hnh k kh UASB
a. Lp m hnh: Cu to b UASB
Chiu cao cng tc h=700mm
ng knh d =400mm
Th tch b V = 80 lt
b. Chun b nc thi v bn k kh
Nc thi surimi c ly ti h ga thot nc ca cng ty Danifood
Bn k kh c ly ti h k kh ca bi rc Khnh Sn
c. Khi ng b UASB
Thi gian khi ng l 7 ngy.
Th tch bn trong b UASB l 20 lt chim 25.0%
d. Vn hnh m hnh: t ngy 13/04/2010 n 16/05/2010. Trnh t vn hnh v thu
thp s liu nh sau:
T 7h00 n 7h30 l chun b nc thi
T 7h30 n 8h00 cp nc vo b UASB 20-25 lt, ng thi tin ghi li cc iu
kin mi trng v nhit trong b.
T 8h30 bt u thu mu u vo, u ra phc v cho vic phn tch
Thi gian cn li trong ngy dng phn tch mu v quan st kh thot ra.
Trnh t trn c lp i lp li cho n ht thi gian vn hnh m hnh nh nu trn
2.3.2. M hnh hiu kh SBR
a. Lp m hnh
- B SBR: l 2 x nha (60 lt) lm 2 m hnh song song x l nc vi cc ti
trng v nng khc nhau (400 mg/l, 600 mg/l v 800 mg/l)
- H thng sc kh: Ni ghp bt, ng nha mm vo my nn, chia ng dn
kh lm 4 nhnh con sc kh cho 2 m hnh. Nng Oxy duy trnh trong khong 4
6 mgO2/l
- B lng: l cc ng ong 250 ml
- Bn hot tnh: Ly ti b Aerotank ca h thng x l nc thi cng ty Danifood
ra bn bng nc my ( bay ht Clo), lc qua ry loi b cc cn c kch
thc ln, lng 30 pht, cp vo m hnh vi t l 20%,30% nh nh hng ban
u
b. Vn hnh m hnh
- Cp nc thi vo m hnh vi nng 400 mg/l, 600 mg/l v 800 mg/l
Sc kh lin tc trong thi gian th nghim
nh k gi ly 200 ml mu lng gi trong ng ong
Ly phn nc trong phn tch COD bng phng php KMnO4. (1 ngy/1ln lm
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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

CODCr xc nh h s chuyn i)
Da vo nng u vo v u ra theo thi gian, xc nh c thi gian x l,
hiu sut ca qu trnh.

Hnh 2.1. M hnh k kh

Hnh 2.3. M hnh lng

Hnh 2.2. M hnh hiu kh

2.4. Phng php nghin cu

Phng php nghin cu: M hnh vt l thc nghim;
Phng php phn tch: Theo tiu chun Vit Nam hin hnh;
Phng php x l s liu: Phn mm ng dng Microsoft Excel.
3. Kt qu v tho lun
3.1. M hnh k kh UASB
Bng 2.1: Tnh cht nc thi thy sn Surimi

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6

THNG S
pH
CODCr
BOD5
NH4+
PO43SS

N V
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l

GI TR
6.2 - 7.3
1800 - 4000
1400 - 3550
165 - 238
47 - 95
980 - 1300

Bng 2.2: Cc ch tiu ca bn k kh

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

THNG S
pH
CODCr
kim(theo CaCO3)
NH4+
PO43 m
tro
SS

N V
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
%
%
mg/l

GI TR
7,8
392
5220
348
12,5
90,8%
16,5%
14208

Nhn xt:
Nc thi Surimi c nng SS, hu c cao, ch s BOD5/COD = 0.77 0.88
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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

thch hp x l bng phng php sinh hc.

Bn k kh cht lng m bo cho qu trnh sinh ha k kh
COD VO, RA K KH

HIU SUT X L COD M HNH UASB

Hnh 2.5. th biu hiu sut x l COD

TI TRNG X L TRONG UASB

THNH PHN KH SINH RA TRONG UASB

80

0.80
0.60

60

0.40

% 40

27.4

28

0.20
0.00

20
NGY
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33

13
1

19.6 18.3
0.7

0.3 2.9

CH4
CO2
02
Kh khc

0
Ngy 10/05

Hnh 2.6. th biu din ti trng x l COD

69.4

61.4

58

31

29

27

25

23

21

19

17

Hnh 2.4. th biu din s thay i COD

1.00
COD (mg/l)

15

U RA

13

33

31

29

27

25

23

NGY

U VO

21

19

17

15

13

11

11

1000

2000

3000

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
3

4000

COD (mg/l)

5000

Ngy 12/05

Ngy 14/05

Hnh 2.7. th biu din thnh phn kh biogas

Tho lun:
Nng COD u vo 1800 4000 mg/l, ph thuc vo thnh phn nguyn liu c
sn xut surimi, Nng COD u ra tng i n nh dao ng 500 1000 mg/l
Hiu sut x l t 55 86%, ti trng x l 0.4 - 0.9 kg/m3.ng
Thnh phn kh
CH4: 58-69.4% O2: 0.3-1%CO2: 19.6-28% Kh khc: 2.9-18.3%

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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

3.2. M hnh hiu kh SBR

500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0

COD = 400 mg/l, NNG BN 30%

600
500

COD(mg/l)

COD(mg/l)

COD = 400 mg/l, NNG BN 20%

M hnh 1
M hnh 2

400
M hnh 1

300

M hnh 2

200
100
0

8.5

0.5

1.5

Thi gian(h)

5.5

700

700

600

600
500
400

M hnh 1

300

M hnh 2

COD(mg/l)

COD(mg/l)

3.5

COD = 600 mg/l, NNG BN 30%

COD = 600 mg/l,NNG BN 20%

200
100

500
400

M hnh 1

300

M hnh 2

200
100

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2

9 10

0.5

1.5

Thi gian(h)

3.5

4.5

COD = 800 mg/l,NNG BN 30%

COD(mg/l)

900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

Thi gian(h)

COD = 800 mg/l,NNG BN 20%

COD(mg/l)

2.5 3

Thi gian(h)

M hnh 1
M hnh 2

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

M hnh 1
M hnh 2

0.5

1.5

Thi gian(h)

3.5

4.5

5.5

Thi gian(h)

Hnh 2.8. S thay i COD theo thi gian

vi nng bn 20%

Hnh 2.9. S thay i COD theo thi gian

vi nng bn 30%

Tho lun: u ra COD<50 mg/l

i vi m hnh bn20%:cn 8-9h COD u ra nh hn 50 mg/l
i vi m hnh bn30%:cn 5-6h COD u ra nh hn 50 mg/l
Hiu sut s l 85-95%
Bn hot tnh lng tt, cht lng nc u ra trong t tiu chun mi trng
4. Kt lun v kin ngh
4.1. Kt lun
i vi nc thi Surimi ca nghnh ch bin thy sn cn phi c m hnh k kh
UASB trong x l;
Cht lng nc qua m hnh k kh,hiu kh n nh;
Lng kh sinh ra trong UASB tt c th thu hi s dng.
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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

4.2. Kin ngh

Cn nhng nghin cu chuyn su xc nh thm cc thng s khc;
Nghin cu tn dng thu kh biogas lm nhin liu t.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] Trn Vn Quang, Bi ging Mn x l nc thi Khoa Mi trng,Trng i hc
Bch khoa Nng.
[2] Lm Minh Trit (2002), X l nc thi sinh hot v cng nghip. Nh xut bn xy
dng H Ni

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