Bi tp mn Kin trc my tnh tin tin

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Hng Quang

Mc lc

Bi1.11. ..............................................................................................................................2
Bi gii:................................................................................................................................2
Bi 4.4. ................................................................................................................................2
Bi gii:................................................................................................................................3
Bi 5.11. ..............................................................................................................................5
Bi gii:................................................................................................................................5
Bi 6.4. ................................................................................................................................5
Bi gii :...............................................................................................................................6

HV:Cn Th Phng
MSHV: CB091339

Trang 1

07/03/2012

Bi tp mn Kin trc my tnh tin tin

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Hng Quang

Bi1.11.
Trong mt nhm cc my ch ging nh ca Amazon hoc Gap, mt li n
khng gy sp c h thng. Li ch hn ch s yu cu c tha mn trong
mt thi gian.
a. Nu mt cng ty c 10000 my tnh, n gp phi mt li nghim trong ch khi
1/3 my tnh b hng, MTTF ca h thng?
b. Nu thm chi ph $1000 trn mt my tnh, tng gp i MTTF c phi l
mt quyt nh thng minh? Hy gii thch?

Bi gii:
a. Nh bit thng th MTTF tnh t l li xy ra trong 1 triu gi, c th c
tnh thng qua FIT. Theo hnh 25, v thng s FIT ca bi 9, ta tnh c MTTF
ca mt my nh sau:
MTTF=109/ FIT=10000000 (gi)
Theo bi ra, my b hng s khng c sa, chng ta i cho 1/3=3334 my
hng th n gy sp hon ton h thng t ta tnh c MTTF ca h thng.
Vy tng s MTTF ca h thng l:
MTTF=3334 x 10000000=33340000000 (gi)
b. Nu u t thm 1000$ cho mi my nh vy tng u t cho h thng l:
1000 x 10000=10 t la
Nh vy, li ch t c vi quyt nh u t trn l trong vng 33340000000
gi (3858000 nm) h thng lm vic, ch c mt ngy khng lm vic. iu ny
s tit kim 1,4 t la trong mi 3858000 nm. Nh vy quyt nh l khng cho
kt qu tt.

Bi 4.4.
Vi cc on m lnh di y, v thng s thi gian ca 2 thc hin trong hnh
4.38, tnh tng s cc chu k stall cho giao thc MSI (Modified Shared - Invalid)
v giao thc MOSI trong bi tp 4.3. Bit rng s chuyn trng thi khng yu cu
cc giao dch bus do khng c tnh vo chu k stall.

HV:Cn Th Phng
MSHV: CB091339

Trang 2

07/03/2012

Bi tp mn Kin trc my tnh tin tin

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Hng Quang

a.
b.
c.
d.

P1:read 110
P15: read 110
P0: read 110
P1: read 120
P15: read 120
P0: read 120
P0: write 120 < - - 80
P15: read 120
P0: read 120
P0:write 108 < - - 88
P15: read 108
P0:write 108 < - - 98

Bi gii:
Ta c da theo hnh 4.5 (trong sch) nh sau:

Hnh trn cho thy cc ngha thc hin cc thao tc trong giao thc MSI.
i vi giao thc MOSI, xut hin trng thi O l trng thi Owned state. Trng
thi ny c ngha ging vi trng thi Stated state, ngha l trng thi ny ch c
HV:Cn Th Phng
MSHV: CB091339

Trang 3

07/03/2012

Bi tp mn Kin trc my tnh tin tin

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Hng Quang

th c khi Owned. Trng thi ny cng c th c ngha ging vi trng thi

Modified, trng thi ny cc nt phi cung cp d liu khi c cc nt khc read
miss hoc write miss n khi Owned. Mt read miss ti mt khi c th trong
trng thi Modified hoc Owned cung cp d liu n nt ang yu cu read v
truyn n trng thi Owned. Mt write miss ti mt khi c th trong trng thi
Modified hoc Owned cung cp d liu cho nt ang yu cu read v truyn n
trng thi Invalid.
V mt s nguyn tc:
CPU read hit v write hit khng pht sinh ra chu k stall(idle-khng lm g).
CPU read miss v write miss pht sinh chu k stall trong N memory v Ncache nu
tha mn trong memory v cache.
CPU write hit pht sinh mt cp nhp sai (invalidate) c chu k stall trong
Ninvalidate.
Sau khi mt khi c writeback, ty vo s ng hoc b vi x l yu
cu khi loi b s pht sinh chu k stall trong Nwriteback.
a.
P1: read 110
read miss, gi tr nm trn cache P0
P15: read 110
read miss, trong giao thc MSI c tha mn trong
memory, trong giao thc MOSI tha mn trong cache
ca P0
P0: read 110
read hit
Vy s chu k stall l:
Trong giao thc MSI: 70 +10 +100+0=180 (chu k stall)
Trong giao thc MOSI: 70 + 10 + 70 + 10 +0 = 160 (chu k stall)
b.
P1:read 120
read miss, tha mn trong b nh
P15: read 120
read hit
P0: read 120
read miss, tha mn trong b nh
Vy s chu k stall trong:
Giao thc MSI l: 100 +0+100 = 200 (chu k stall)
Giao thc MOSI l: 100 + 0 +100 = 200 (chu k stall)
c.
P0: write 120 < - - 80
write miss, invalidate P15
P15: read 120
read miss, trong cache
P0: read 120
read hit
Vy s chu k stall l:
Trong giao thc MSI l: 100 +70 +10 +0 = 180 (chu k stall)
Trong giao thc MOSI l: 100 +70 +10 +0 = 180 (chu k stall)
d.
P0: write 108 < -- 88
gi invalidate, invalidate P15
P15:read 108
read miss, trong cache P0
P0:write 108 <-- 98
gi invalidate, invalidate P15
Vy s chu k stall l:
Trong giao thc MSI l: 15 + 70 + 10 + 15 = 110 (chu k stall)
Trong giao thc MOSI l: 15 +70 +10 +15 = 110 (chu k stall)

HV:Cn Th Phng
MSHV: CB091339

Trang 4

07/03/2012

Bi tp mn Kin trc my tnh tin tin

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Hng Quang

Bi 5.11.
Bit rng c mt DIMM c dng trong mt h thng, phn cn li ca h thng
chi ph ht 800$. Cn nhc hiu nng ca h thng s dng DDR2-667 v DDR2533 DIMMs trn ti vi 3.33 level 2 li trn 1K cu lnh, v bit rng tt c cc
c RAM yu cu phi kch hot. Bit rng 8 nhn cng ti. Chi ph l bao nhiu
khi tnh theo hiu nngca ton b h thng khi dng DIMMs khc ch c 1 level
2 miss ti mt thi im v mt nhn vi mt CPT 1.5 khng c level 2 cache
miss b nh truy cp theo thi gian?

Bi gii:
Chi ph ca 2 h thng l 130$ + 800 $ = 930 $ vi DDR2-667 DIMM
Chi ph ca 2 h thng i vi DDR2-533 DIMM l 100$ + 800$=900$
tr phc v mt level 2 miss l 14 x (1/333 MHZ) = 42 nano giy vi DDR2667 DIMM
tr phc v mt level 2 miss i vi DDR2-533 DIMM l 12 x (1/266 MHz)
=45 nano giy
CPI c thm vo bi level 2 miss trong trng hp DDR2-667 l 0.00333 x 42
= 0.140
V 8 nhn nn tng CPI tnh c tr l 1.5 + 0.140 = 1.64
CPI c thm vo bi level 2 miss trong trng hp DDR2-533 l 0.00333 x 45
=0.150
V c 8 nhn nn tng CPI tnh c tr l 1.5 + 0.15 = 1.65
Nh vy s khc nhau v mt hiu nng ca hai h thng l 1.65/1.64=1.006 hoc
0.6 % trong khi chi ph l 930$/900$=1.033 hoc 33 %
Chi ph tnh theo hiu nng ca DDR2-667 l 1.64x930 =1525, trong khi chi ph
theo hiu nng ca DDR2-533 l 1.65x900 = 1485
Nh vy h thng DDR2-533 l tt hn c.

Bi 6.4.
tng c bn ca on m di y l truy cp N khi ngu nhin ti mt
khong thi gian c nh p trong phm vi mng RAID v o thi gian hon thnh
mi khong thi gian. on m ny cho php pht hin kch c ca kiu RAID.
for (p = BLOCKSIZE; p <= testsize; p += BLOCKSIZE) {
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
request[i] = random()*p;
}
begin_time = gettime();
issues all request[N] to raw device in parallel;
wait for all request[N] to complete;
interval_time = gettime() - begin_time;
printf("PatternSize: %d Time: %d\n", p,
HV:Cn Th Phng
MSHV: CB091339

Trang 5

07/03/2012

Bi tp mn Kin trc my tnh tin tin

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Hng Quang

interval_time);
}
Nu chy on m ny trn mt mng RAID v v th thi gian o c cho N
yu cu c trng cho chc nng ca p, sau ta ch thi gian ln nht khi tt
c N yu cu khng thnh cng trong cng mt a; v vy gi tr p vi thi gian
p cao nht tng ng vi kch thc ca kiu RAID.

a. Hnh 6.26 biu din kt qu chy gii thut o kch thc kiu RAID cho h
thng RAID cha c bit
Kch thc kiu h thng lu tr l bao nhiu?
Ln o ti thi im 0.4, 0.8 v 1.6 giy tng ng mc ch g trong h
thng lu tr ny
Nu y l mng RAID 0, bao nhiu a cn c?
Nu y l mng RAID 0 th kch thc chunk (chunk size)l ci g?
b. V th biu din kt qu chy thut ton Shear trn h thng lu tr c cc
thng s sau:
S yu cu: N=1000
Thi gian ngu nhin c trn a l 5ms
Loi RAID l RAID 0
S a l 4
chunk size l 8KB

Bi gii :
a.
Kch thc tnh c thng qua thi gian cao nht l ti gi tr u tin 64
KB. Ti im ny, tt c yu cu u hng ti cng mt a v v vy s
mt thi gian hn.
Ti thi im 0.4 giy tng ng l cc yu cu hng ti tt c cc a ;
ti thi im 0.8 s tng ng vi cc yu cu hng ti na s a ; ti thi
im 1.6 s tng ng vi cc cc yu cu hng ti 1 a.
Ta bit ti thi im 1.6 s tt c cc yu cu tp trung trn mt a nh vy
kch thc xc nh c l 64KB. Thm na ta cng bit rng mt na a
tng ng vi kch thc 32KB v gp 2 ln bng thng trn mt a ; v
HV:Cn Th Phng
MSHV: CB091339

Trang 6

07/03/2012

Bi tp mn Kin trc my tnh tin tin

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Hng Quang

vy ta s dng hai ln bng thng trn mt a hoc 2 a. Nu na s a

ca h thng c 2 a th ta phi c 4 a.
C 4 a v vy phn chia d liu trn mi a l 64/4 l 16KB vy chunk
size l 16KB
b. th v tng t nh th hnh 6.26 ch khc : thang gi tr trn trc thi
gian chia theo t l 1.25, 2.5, 5 s thay v (0.4, 0.8, 1.6) ; t l nh vy l tng
ng vi c 1000 yu cu ti trong 5ms trn mi v tri khp 4, 2, hoc 1 a.
Bi b chunk size nh hn, nn trc x chia theo t l l ti thi im 2.5 s kch
thc lu tr s dng l 16 KB, v 32 KB ti thi im 5.0 s.

HV:Cn Th Phng
MSHV: CB091339

Trang 7

07/03/2012