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TM TT
Nghin cu ny c thc hin nhm: (1) Xc nh cc yu t nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty; (2) o lng mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty; (3) Kim tra liu c s khc bit v mc tha mn ca nhn vin theo cc c trng c nhn (tui tc, gii tnh, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn) khng? M hnh nghin cu gm 6 thnh phn: bn cht cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o to v thng tin, mi trng lm vic v 6 gi thuyt tng ng vi tng thnh phn c pht trin da trn c s l thuyt v s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. Nghin cu nh tnh c thc hin nhm iu chnh, b sung bin quan st cho cc thang o. Nghin cu nh lng thc hin vi 198 CB-CNV thng qua k thut phng vn ton b ngi lao ng (trc tip v gin tip) hin ang lm vic cho Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An thng qua bng cu hi chi tit nh gi thang o v m hnh nghin cu. Phn mm phn tch thng k SPSS 16.0 c s dng phn tch d liu. Kt qu kim nh cho thy thnh phn mi trng lm vic khng ph hp trong nghin cu ny. Kt qu phn tch nhn t a ra m hnh v s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An l t hp ca cc thnh phn ng nghip, Lnh o, Lng v Cng vic. Trong , cc yu t nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty gm c: ng nghip, lnh o v lng. Yu t cng vic khng c nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty. Mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty cha cao: Kim nh cc yu t c nhn theo cc yu t cho thy mc tha mn chung ca ton cng ty l 3.5226 (mc thp nht l 1, mc cao nht l 5). Mc tha mn i vi yu t ng nghip l 3.712 (cao hn mc tha mn chung). Trong khi mc tha mn i vi yu t lnh o v lng u thp hn mc tha mn chung, ring mc tha mn i vi yu t lng l rt thp (ch c 2.4834).

S khc bit v mc tha mn ca nhn vin theo cc c trng c nhn (tui tc, gii tnh, trnh hc vn, chc v, thm nin lm vic, b phn): Da trn kt qu phn tch Independent t-test v One-Way ANOVA so snh mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An theo mt s yu t c nhn cho thy rng nam c mc tha mn trong cng vic cao hn n, khng c s khc bit v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng theo cc yu t c nhn cn li (tui tc, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn). V mt thc tin, nghin cu gip cho cc lnh o cng ty thy c mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty cng nh cc yu t tc ng n mc tha mn t a ra cc gii php cn thit v ph hp nng cao mc tha mn trong cng vic cho ngi lao ng. Kt qu nghin cu cng ra mt s hng nghin cu tip theo nhm hon thin l thuyt o lng s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng p dng cho cc doanh nghip ti Vit Nam.

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN

1.1. L DO CHN TI Trong giai an hin nay c mt s thay i rt ln v nhn thc ca ngi qun l doanh nghip i vi ngi lao ng trong doanh nghip. Nu nh trc y ngi lao ng c xem nh l chi ph u vo th hin nay ngi lao ng c xem nh ti sn, ngun lc v cng qu gi quyt nh s thnh bi ca mt doanh nghip. Mt cuc kho st c thc hin bi CareerBuilder-mt website vic lm hng u th gii (bo Doanh nhn Si Gn Cui tun s ra ngy 10 thng 01 nm 2008) ch ra rng s bt mn ang tng ln trong gii lm cng: c trong bn ngi th c mt ngi ang cm thy chn nn vi vic lm ca mnh, v s ngi chn nn nh vy tng trung bnh 20% trong hai nm gn y; c su trong s mi ngi c hi u ang c nh ri b cng vic hin ti tm n mt bn khc trong vng hai nm ti. Bn cnh , trong thi gian gn y trn a bn tnh Long An xy ra rt nhiu v tranh chp lao ng (nh cng) gia ch doanh nghip v ngi lao ng gy nh hng n uy tn cng nh nhng thit hi v kinh t cho nhiu doanh nghip. Theo nhn nh ca mt cn b thuc S Lao ng thng binh x hi tnh Long An, nguyn nhn ca hu ht cc cuc nh cng l do mu thun v li ch gia ch doanh nghip v ngi lao ng, ch yu l do doanh nghip cha p ng c s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. V th, gc mt doanh nghip, ban lnh o cng ty rt thc tm quan trng ca vic lm th no gip cho ngi lao ng t c s tha mn ti a trong cng vic bi v theo nhiu nghin cu cho thy nu ngi lao ng c tha mn trong cng vic th h s lm vic hiu qu hn, gn b hn vi doanh nghip. Qua doanh nghip s ch ng xy dng chin lc pht trin ca mnh. Cng t thc t ca ca cng ty, trong thi gian gn y tnh trng ngi lao ng xin ngh vic din bin ht sc phc tp t lao ng trc tip cho n b phn qun l. iu lm cho ban lnh o cng ty ht sc lo lng. Tuy cha c c s chnh thc nhng ban lnh o cng ty cng phn no nhn thc c rng c s

khng tha mn trong cng vic i vi nhm ngi thi vic. Do , vn ht sc cp bch hin nay ca cng ty l phi tm hiu mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ang lm vic ti cng ty bit c ngi lao ng c c tha mn khng, nhng yu t lm cho ngi lao ng tha mn cng nh cc yu t lm cho h bt mn. l l do ca vic la chn ti: o lng s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. 1.2. MC CH CA NGHIN CU Nghin cu c thc hin nhm gii quyt c mc tiu sau y: v Kim tra xem c s khc bit v mc tha mn ca nhn vin theo cc c trng c nhn (tui tc, gii tnh, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn) khng? thc hin c cc mc tiu ny, nghin cu cn tr li c cc cu hi sau: 1) Nhng yu t ch yu no tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng 2) Mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng trong cng ty nh th no? 3) C s khc bit v mc tha mn ca nhn vin theo cc c trng c nhn (tui tc, gii tnh, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn) khng? 1.3. PHM VI V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU Phm vi nghin cu: nh gi mc mc tha mn trong cng vic (thng qua mt s yu t) ca ngi lao ng trong cng ty, bao gm c lao ng trc tip, gin tip, t nhn vin n trng ph phng ban v c ban gim c. Qua nhng yu t ny s xc nh cc gii php nhm nng cao mc tha mn trong cng vic cho ngi lao ng ti cng ty. Phng php nghin cu: Nghin cu c thc hin qua cc giai on: nghin cu s b; nghin cu chnh thc. Nghin cu s b c thc hin thng qua phng php nh tnh. K thut tho lun nhm c s dng trong nghin cu s b iu chnh cch o lng cc khi nim cho ph hp vi iu kin ca cng ty. Nghin cu chnh thc c thc hin bng phng php nghin cu nh lng, thc hin bng cch gi bng cu hi iu tra n ngi lao ng, hng dn gi h in vo

bng cu hi, sau s thu li bng cu hi tin hnh phn tch. Mu iu tra trong nghin cu chnh thc c thc hin bng iu tra vi tt c CB-CNV hin ang lm vic ton thi gian ti cng ty (198 ngi). Bn cu hi iu tra c hnh thnh theo cch: Bn cu hi nguyn gc .. Tho lun nhm .. iu chnh .. Bn cu hi iu tra. Vic kim nh thang o v m hnh l thuyt cng vi cc gi thuyt ra bng h s tin cy Cronbach Alpha, phn tch nhn t, phn tch tng quan, hi quy, v.v da trn kt qu x l s liu thng k SPSS 16.0. Nghin cu cng so snh mc tha mn vi cng vic ca CB-CNV theo cc c im c nhn (tui tc, gii tnh, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn). 1.4. NGHA NGHIN CU Thng qua cuc kho st nh gi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca lao ng, nhng kt qu c th m nghin cu s mang li c ngha thc tin i vi cng ty nh sau: v o lng mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty. v S khc bit v mc tha mn ca ngi lao ng theo c im c nhn. Kt qu nghin cu s gip cho ban lnh o cng ty nh gi c mc tha mn ca ngi lao ng, nhng yu t tc ng n s tha mn ca ngi lao ng t c nhng chnh sch hp l nhm nng cao mc tha mn ca ngi lao ng. 1.5. CU TRC NGHIN CU ti nghin cu c b cc nh sau: Chng 1: Tng quan. Chng 2: Trnh by l lun v s tha mn ca ngi lao ng v m hnh nghin cu. Chng 3: Trnh by phng php nghin cu v x l s liu. Chng 4: Trnh by kt qu o lng, phn tch mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty. Chng 5: Kt lun.

1.6. GII THIU V CNG TY C PHN C KH CH TO MY LONG AN 1.6.1. LCH S HNH THNH V PHT TRIN 1.6.1.1. Thi im hnh thnh: Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An c thnh lp theo Quyt nh s 3831/U-UB ngy 31/10/2003 ca UBND tnh Long An (chuyn mt b phn thuc doanh nghip nh nc Cng ty C kh Long An thnh cng ty c phn) v chnh thc hot ng t thng 03/2004. Tn y : Cng ty C phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Tn giao dch ting Anh: Long An Machinery Industry Joint-Stock Company Tn vit tt: LAMICO. a ch: Km 1954, quc l 1A, P.Khnh Hu, TX. Tn An, tnh Long An. Lnh vc hot ng: C kh ch to.

1.6.1.2. Ngnh ngh kinh doanh: Cng ty chuyn sn xut kinh doanh cc my mc, thit b C kh phc v Cng nng nghip. 1.6.1.3. Sn phm: Cng ty LAMICO chuyn sn xut v cung cp cc loi sn phm thuc lnh vc cng ngh sau thu hoch nh: My mc, thit b, ph tng phc v sy, bo qun, tn tr nng sn. My mc, thit b, ph tng phc v xay xt, ch bin la go. 1.6.1.4. Th trng tiu th: Th trng tiu th sn phm ca Cng ty ngy cng pht trin su rng v thay th gn nh hon ton sn phm cng loi ca nc ngoi t u thp nin 90. Hin nay sn phm ca LAMICO c mt trn ton quc, trong tiu th ch yu cc tnh khu vc ng bng sng Cu Long. Nh c u th v cht lng v gi c, sn phm ca cng ty to c s tn nhim cao ca khch hng v thay th hu ht cc sn phm cng loi ca nc ngoi trn th trng Vit Nam. Khng ch

sn xut phc v trong nc, cng ty cn m rng th trng xut khu sang cc nc khu vc Asian v cc nc Ucraina, Italia, Silanca 1.6.1.6. Qun l cht lng: Cng ty LAMICO c Trung tm QUACERT (Vit Nam) cp chng nhn H thng qun l cht lng ph hp tiu chun Quc t ISO 9001:2000 vo nm 2002, v ang p dng H thng qun l ny rt c hiu qu trong hot ng sn xut kinh doanh. 1.6.1.7. Ngun nhn lc. Vi vic k tha t ngun nhn lc ca Cng ty C kh Long An, i ng CB.CNV hin ti cng ty c b dy kinh nghim trong hoch nh chin lc, t chc qun l iu hnh, nghin cu pht trin v trc tip sn xut kinh doanh vi nng sut v cht lng lao ng cao. Tng s lao ng hin c l 198 ngi, trong : - Trnh i hc 23 ngi, c tui ngh trn 10 nm chim 70% lao ng c trnh i hc - Trung cp v cao ng 19 ngi. - Cng nhn k thut 156 ngi, t l c tay ngh cao t bc 5/77/7 chim hn 50% tng s lao ng trc tip sn xut. 1.6.2. THC TRNG CA CNG TY V VN CN GII QUYT LAMICO l mt doanh nghip c b dy truyn thng trong lnh vc c kh ch to. hin nay, cng ty chim th phn thng lnh trong lnh vc ch to cc sn phm phc v ch bin la go th trng Vit Nam. Tc tng trng v doanh thu hng nm ca cng ty l trn 30%/nm. LAMICO c nh gi l mt trong nhng doanh nghip hot ng hiu qu nht trong s cc doanh nghip c c phn ha trn a bn tnh Long An. Mt c im tch cc i vi cng ty l a s ngi lao ng hin ang lm vic ti cng ty cng l c ng ca cng ty v gn b lu nm vi cng ty. Xc nh con ngi l yu t quyt nh thnh cng ca doanh nghip, trong chin lc ca mnh Cng ty lun quan tm xy dng cc chnh sch lin quan n

pht trin ngun nhn lc hp l, nhm gi v thu ht lao ng gii; khai thc pht huy sc lc, tr tu ca cng nhn vin lao ng; to mt mi trng lm vic nng ng; nng cao vn ho t chc; tc phong cng nghip, tng bc xy dng hnh nh thng hiu LAMICO p ng vi nng lc cnh tranh v tm nhn chin lc ca Cng ty. V chnh sch tin lng: hin nay cng ty ang thc hin vic chi tr lng vi hai hnh thc; tr lng thi gian i vi lao ng gin tip v lng sn phm i vi lao ng trc tip. Cng ty ch trng vic p dng chnh sch lng phi m bo cho ngi lao ng p ng c nhu cu c bn ca cuc sng hng ngy (c v vt cht v tinh thn) cho bn thn v gia nh, ch trng cng bng trong chnh sch lng v c tham kho mt bng lng ca cc n v cng ngnh cng nh cng a bn hot ng. Tuy nhin, trong thi gian gn y, cng ty gp mt s kh khn trong vic n nh tnh hnh nhn s. Nhiu CB-CNV c trc tip v gin tip lin tip ri b cng ty n lm vic cc n v khc. i vi nhng CB-CNV cn li th c tm l lm vic khng n nh, nng sut lao ng st gim v nhiu ngi by t nh ri b cng ty lm vic cho cng ty khc. ng trc thc trng trn, Ban lnh o cng ty rt lo lng. Mc d cha c c s chnh thc nhng Ban lnh o cng ty cng nhn thy l c s gim st v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty. Vn cp thit i vi Ban lnh o cng ty l phi tm hiu nguyn nhn v sao c s st gim v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty ng thi c nhng gi php thch hp, kp thi khc phc tnh trng trn. y l mt vn sng cn i vi cng ty bi v trong bi cnh hin nay, ngun nhn lc l ti sn v gi ca doanh nghip, bt k doanh nghip no mun tn ti v pht trin trc tin phi c i ng lao ng c cht lng, ton tm ton vi doanh nghip. C c nh vy cng ty mi c th ch ng xy dng v thc hin thnh cng chin lc sn xut kinh doanh ca mnh.

CHNG 2: C S L LUN V O LNG S THA MN TRONG CNG VIC

2.1. MC THA MN TRONG CNG VIC C nhiu nh ngha v mc tha mn i vi cng vic. Tha mn trong cng vic c th o lng mc chung, cng c th o lng tha mn vi tng thnh phn ca cng vic. nh ngha v mc tha mn chung trong cng vic: Theo Vroom (1964), tha mn trong cng vic l trng thi m ngi lao ng c nh hng hiu qu r rng i cng vic trong t chc. Dormann v Zapf (2001) nh ngha rng: l thi thch th nht i vi lnh o v i ng lnh o. Locke (1976) th cho rng tha mn trong cng vic c hiu l ngi lao ng thc s cm thy thch th i vi cng vic ca h. Quinn v Staines (1979) th cho rng tha mn trong cng vic l phn ng tch cc i vi cng vic. Weiss (1967) nh ngha rng tha mn trong cng vic l thi v cng vic c th hin bng cm nhn, nim tin v hnh vi ca ngi lao ng. nh ngha v mc tha mn vi cc thnh phn cng vic: Theo Smith, Kendal v Hulin (1969), mc tha mn vi cc thnh phn hay kha cnh ca cng vic l thi nh hng v ghi nhn ca nhn vin v cc kha cnh khc nhau trong cng vic (bn cht cng vic; c hi o to v thng tin; lnh o; ng nghip; tin lng) ca h. 2.1.2. So snh cc nh ngha: Nhn chung, ng nhiu gc khc nhau c nhiu nh ngha v s tha mn trong cng vic. Nhng nhn chung tha mn trong cng vic l s nh gi ca ngi lao ng i vi cc vn lin quan n vic thc hin cng vic ca h. Vic nh gi ny c th l tt hay xu ty theo cm nhn ca ngi lao ng. 2.1.1. nh ngha v mc tha mn trong cng vic:

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2.2. CC YU T TC NG N S THA MN TRONG CNG VIC Thang o mc tha mn vi cc thnh phn ca cng vic ni ting nht trn th gii l Ch s m t cng vic (JDI) ca Smith (1969). Gi tr v tin cy ca JDI c nh gi rt cao trong c thc tin ln l thuyt (Price Mayer and Schoorman 1992-1997). Smith (1967) cho rng c 5 yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic bao gm: tha mn vi cng vic, tha mn vi s gim st, tha mn vi tin lng, tha mn vi c hi thng tin v tha mn vi ng nghip. Cn c vo kt qu ca cc nghin cu trc y v s tha mn trong cng vic v tnh hnh thc t ti cng ty, nghin cu ny s la chn cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic nh sau: bn cht cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o to v thng tin, mi trng lm vic. Cc yu t ny c xc nh l s tc ng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng, s thay i ca cc yu t ny theo chiu hng tt hay xu s lm tng hoc gim mc mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. Cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic theo nghin cu trn bao gm: 2.2.1. Bn cht cng vic: Bao gm cc yu t, tnh cht ca cng vic m nhng yu t ny tc ng n kt qu lm vic ca ngi lao ng. Trong nghin cu ny, cc yu t sau ca cng vic s c xem xt gm: Cng vic cho php s dng tt cc nng lc c nhn. Cng vic rt th v. Cng vic c nhiu thch thc. C th thy r kt qu hon thnh cng vic. 2.2.2. Tin lng: Theo Stanton v Croddley (2000), s tha mn v tin lng lin quan n cm nhn ca nhn vin v tnh cng bng trong tr lng,. S tha mn v tin lng c o lng da trn cc tiu thc: Ngi lao ng c tr lng cao.

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Ngi lao ng c th sng hon ton da vo thu nhp t cng ty. Tin lng tng xng vi kt qu lm vic. Tin lng, thu nhp c tr cng bng. 2.2.3. ng nghip: L nhng cm nhn lin quan n cc hnh vi, quan h vi ng nghip trong cng vic ti ni lm vic, s phi hp v gip nhau trong cng vic vi cc ng nghip. Cc yu t v ng nghip c xem xt bao gm: ng nghip thoi mi v d chu. S phi hp gia ngi lao ng v ng nghip trong cng vic. S thn thin ca ng nghip. S gip ln nhau gia nhng ng nghip. 2.2.4. Lnh o: L nhng cm nhn lin quan n cc hnh vi, quan h vi lnh o trong cng vic ti ni lm vic, s khuyn khch v h tr ca lnh o c th bit c phm vi trch nhim v hon thnh cng vic tt. Cc yu t v lnh o c xem xt bao gm: Cp trn hi kin khi c vn lin quan n cng vic ca ngi lao ng. S h tr ca cp trn i vi ngi lao ng. Lnh o c tc phong lch s, ho nh. Nhn vin c i x cng bng, khng phn bit. 2.2.5. C hi o to v thng tin: Theo Stanton v Croddley (2000), c hi o to v thng tin l nhng g lin quan n nhn thc ca nhn vin v c hi o to, pht trin cc nng lc c nhn v c hi c thng tin trong t chc. Nhn vin mong mun c bit nhng thng tin v iu kin, c hi, chnh sch thng tin ca cng ty, c hi c o to v pht trin nhng k nng cn thit, nh hng ngh nghip cho h. Cc yu t v c hi o to v thng tin c xem xt bao gm: C hi thng tin ngi lao ng. Chnh sch thng tin ca cng ty cng bng.

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Cng ty to cho ngi lao ng nhiu c hi pht trin c nhn. Ngi lao ng c o to cho cng vic v pht trin ngh nghip. 2.2.6. Mi trng lm vic: L nhng vn lin quan n cm nhn ca nhn vin v an ton v sinh ni lm vic: vn phng lm vic, bn gh lm vic, phng hp, phng y t phi m bo v sinh; my mc, trang thit b h tr cho cng vic c m bo an ton; cc yu t v nh sng, nhit , ting n Cc yu t v mi trng lm vic c xem xt bao gm: Ngi lao ng khng b p lc cng vic qu cao Ni lm vic rt v sinh, sch s Ngi lao ng khng phi lo lng mt vic lm Cng ty bo m tt cc iu kin an ton, bo h lao ng. 2.3. MT S KT QU NGHIN CU V MC THA MN TRONG CNG VIC CA NGI LAO NG. 2.3.1. Nghin cu ca Andrew (2002) Andrew (2002) nghin cu v s tha mn trong cng vic ti Hoa K v mt s quc gia khc a ra kt qu nh sau: C 49% s ngi lao ng ti Hoa K c kho st cho rng hon ton hoc rt hi lng vi cng vic, ch mt s rt nh tr li l khng hi lng. T l cho rng hon ton hoc rt hi lng vi cng vic mt s nc khc nh sau: an Mch l 62%, Nht Bn l 30% v Hungary l 23%. Nghin cu xc nh cc yu t nng cao mc tha mn trong cng vic gm: Gii n. An ton trong cng vic. Ni lm vic nh. Thu nhp cao. Quan h ng nghip. Thi gian i li t.

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Vn gim st. Quan h vi cng chng. C hi hc tp nng cao trnh . Kt qu nghin cu trn cn cho thy mc hi lng trong cng vic ca n cao hn nam v mc hi lng theo tui c dng ng cong ch U, vn an ton trong cng vic l quan trng nht. 2.3.2. Nghin cu ca Tom (2007) Nghin cu ca Tom (2007) v s tha mn trong cng vic ti Hoa K a ra mt s kt qu nh sau: Kt qu kho st ngi lao ng lm vic trong nhiu lnh vc th c 47.0% s ngi lao ng rt hi lng vi cng vic. Trong , nhm lao ng khng c k nng th mc hi lng thp hn nhiu (ch c 33.6% ngi c kho st hi lng vi cng vic trong khi nhm lao ng c k nng cao th mc hi lng l kh cao (chim 55.8% s ngi c kho st). 2.3.3. Nghin cu ca Trn Kim Dung v cc cng s: Nghin cu ca Trn Kim Dung v cc cng s (2005) bng cch kho st khong 500 nhn vin ang lm vic ton thi gian cho thy mc tha mn v tin lng c quan h m vi mc n lc, c gng ca nhn vin. Nghch l ny c gii thch do cc doanh nghip thiu kin thc k nng v h thng tin lng th trng, khng bit cch thit k h thng thang bng lng mt cch khoa hc; vic tr lng thng thng mang nng cm tnh, ty tin khng c chnh sch quy nh r rng. Kt qu l nhng ngi cng c nhiu n lc, c gng ng gp cho t chc cng thy bt mn v chnh sch tin lng hin nay. 2.3.4. Nghin cu ca Keith v John Nghin cu ca Keith v John (2002) v tha mn trong cng vic ca nhng ngi c trnh cao; vai tr ca gii tnh, nhng ngi qun l v so snh vi thu nhp cho kt qu nh sau: Yu t ch yu tc ng n tha mn trong cng vic ca nhng ngi c trnh cao l: vic kim tin, iu kin vt cht, sc khe v cc loi phc li khc. N c mc tha mn trong trong vic hn nam.

14

C s gia tng mc tha mn i vi nhng ngi qun l. Thu nhp c vai tr quan trng i vi mc tha mn trong cng vic. So snh cc kt qu nghin cu: Kt qu nghin cu v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ca cc tc gi cho thy mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng mi quc gia khc nhau th khc nhau. D vy, mc tha mn u gn lin vi mt s yu t c quan h n vic thc hin cng vic ca h. Cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng trong nghin cu ny gm: bn cht cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o to v thng tin, mi trng lm vic. Kt qu nghin cu cng cho thy cc yu t ny cng tt th mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng cng c nng ln. 2.4. M HNH NGHIN CU M hnh nghin cu c xy dng trn c s l thuyt v tha mn trong cng vic v cc kt qu nghin cu ca mt s tc gi trong v ngoi nc xc nh cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng theo cc c im c nhn. Cc c im c nhn c xem xt l: tui tc, gii tnh, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn. M hnh nghin cu v cc gi thuyt c trnh by trong s 2.1:

15

S 2.1: M hnh nghin cu Bn cht cng vic

Tin lng

ng nghip Mc tha mn trong cng vic Lnh o

C hi o to, thng tin

Mi trng lm vic GI THUYT CHO M HNH NGHIN CU Cc gi thuyt cho m hnh nghin cu c xy dng da trn vic nh gi cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty. Trong m hnh ca nghin cu ny, c 6 yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty gm: bn cht cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o to v thng tin, mi trng lm vic. Cc gi thuyt cho m hnh nghin cu c xut nh sau: H1: Bn cht cng vic c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng.

16

H2: Chnh sch tin lng c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. H3: Quan h vi ng nghip c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. H4: Quan h vi lnh o c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. H5: C hi o to v thng tin c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. H6: Mi trng lm vic c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. Tm tt : Chng 2 a ra mt s nh ngha v mc tha mn trong cng vic v cc yu t tc ng n mc tha mn trong cng vic, xc nh 6 yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty gm: bn cht cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o to v thng tin, mi trng lm vic. Chng ny cng trnh by kt qu mt s nghin cu trc y ca cc tc gi trong v ngoi nc; xy dng m hnh nghin cu v a ra cc gi thuyt ca m hnh nghin cu, c 6 gi thuyt tng ng vi 6 yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty.

17

CHNG 3: PHNG PHP NGHIN CU

Chng ny s trnh by phng php nghin cu c thc hin xy dng v nh gi thang o o lng cc khi nim nghin cu v kim nh m hnh l thuyt ra, bao gm: (1) Thit k nghin cu. (2) Nghin cu chnh thc: thit k thang o cho bng cu hi, din t v m ha thang o, thit k mu. 3.1. THIT K NGHIN CU Nghin cu c thc hin thng qua hai phng php: nh tnh v nh lng. 3.1.1.1. Nghin cu nh tnh Nghin cu nh tnh khm ph, iu chnh v b sung cc bin quan st dng o lng cc khi nim nghin cu. Phng php ny c thc hin theo phng php phng vn su (n=5) theo mt ni dung c chun b trc da theo thang o JDI c sn. Cc thng tin cn thu thp: Xc nh xem nhng ngi c phng vn hiu v nhu cu ca ngi lao ng i vi cng ty nh th no? Theo h, cc yu t no lm tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic? i tng phng vn: 5 cn b nhn vin ca cng ty Kt qu nghin cu s b l c s cho thit k bng cu hi a vo nghin cu chnh thc. D kin s b sung thm bin tinh thn trch nhim ca nhn vin v chnh sch phc li Bng cu hi trc khi pht hnh s c tham kho kin chuyn gia v thu thp th kim tra cch th hin v ngn ng trnh by. 3.1.1.2. Nghin cu nh lng: y l giai on nghin cu chnh thc c thc hin thng qua k thut phng vn ton b ngi lao ng (trc tip v gin tip) hin ang lm vic cho Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An thng qua bng cu hi chi tit. Tng th nghin cu nh lng ny c kch thc N = 198. D kiu thu thp c x k bng

3.1.1. Phng php nghin cu

18

phn mm SPSS phin bn 16.0. Sau khi m ha v lm sch d liu s tri qua cc bc sau: + nh gi tin cy v gi tr cc thang . tin cy ca thang o c nh gi qua h s Cronbachs Alpha, qua cc bin khng ph hp s b loi nu h s tng quan tng bin (Corrected Item-Total Correlation) nh hn 0.3 v thang o s c chp nhn khi h s Cronbachs Alpha t yu cu t 0.6 tr ln. + Tip theo phn tch nhn t s c s dng kim nh s hi t ca cc bin thnh phn v khi nim. Cc bin c h s tng quan n gia bin v cc nhn t (factor loading) nh hn 0.5 s b loi. Phng php trch Principal Axis Factoring c s dng km vi php quay Varimax. im dng trch khi cc yu t c Initial Eigenvalues > 1. + Kim nh m hnh l thuyt. + Hi quy a bin v kim nh vi mc ngha 5%. Mc tha mn trong cng vic = B0 + B1 * cng vic + B2* tin lng + B3 * ng nghip + B4 *lnh o + B5* c hi o to, thng tin + B6* mi trng lm vic. 3.1.2. Quy trnh nghin cu: Quy trnh nghin cu c thc hin tng bc nh sau: trc tin phi xc nh c mc tiu nghin cu, sau a ra m hnh nghin cu, k tip l a ra cc thang o s b, tip theo thc hin nghin cu nh tnh bng k thut phng vn su (n=5) t a ra m hnh v thang o hiu chnh, bc k tip thc hin nghin cu nh lng (tin hnh chn mu, kho st bng bng cu hi vi N=198). Bc k tip l x l d liu thu thp c kim nh thang o v phn tch d liu da trn kt qu Crobachs Alpha, phn tch nhn t, phn tch hi quy a bin... Bc cui cng l tho lun kt qu v a ra phi php.

19

S 3.1: Quy trnh nghin cu:

Mc tiu nghin cu

M hnh nghin cu

La chn thang o

Nghin cu nh tnh

Nghin cu nh lng

M hnh v thang o iu chnh

Kim nh thang o, phn tch d liu

Kt lun

20

3.2. NGHIN CU CHNH THC 3.2.1. Thit k bng cu hi Tt c cc bin quan st trong cc thnh phn u s dng thang o Likert 5 bc vi la chn s 1 ngha l hon ton khng ng vi pht biu v la chn s 5 l hon ton ng vi pht biu. Ni dung cc bin quan st trong cc thnh phn c hiu chnh cho ph hp vi c th ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. 3.2.2. Din t v m ha thang o Nh trnh by trong chng ba, m hnh nghin cu c su yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An: (1) Cng vic (2) Tin lng (3) ng nghip (4) Lnh o (5) C hi o to, thng tin (6) Mi trng lm vic Thang o v cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An c k tha t thang o mc tha mn vi cc thnh phn ca cng vic ni ting nht trn th gii l Ch s m t cng vic (JDI) ca Smith (1969) v cc thang o c trong ti liu nghin cu ca Stewart M. Fotheringham (Australia @Work). So vi thang o ban u c s hiu chnh, s dng thang o Likert 5 bc so vi thang o gc l Likert 7 bc v loi bt thnh phn phc li. Sau khi bng cu hi kho st c hon thin, vic kho st s c tin hnh. Bng cu hi kho st s c in ra giy, pht cho tt c ngi lao ng hin ang lm vic ti cng ty ti thi im tin hnh kho st. Cc trng phng ban, b phn, cc t trng sn xut s c sinh hot hng dn cch tr li v ph bin li cho nhn vin trong b phn ca mnh.

21

Bng 3.2: Thang o v m ha thang o

Cc thang o Cng vic 1. Cng vic cho php Anh/Ch s dng tt cc nng lc c nhn 2. Cng vic rt th v 3. Cng vic c nhiu thch thc 4. C th thy r kt qu hon thnh cng vic Lng 1. Anh/Ch c tr lng cao 2. Anh/Ch c th sng hon ton da vo thu nhp t cng ty 3. Tin lng tng xng vi kt qu lm vic 4. Tin lng, thu nhp c tr cng bng ng nghip 1. ng nghip ca Anh/Ch thoi mi v d chu 2. Anh/Ch v cc ng nghip phi hp lm vic tt 3. Nhng ngi m Anh/Ch lm vic vi rt thn thin 4. Nhng ngi m Anh/Ch lm vic vi thng gip ln nhau Lnh o 1. Cp trn hi kin khi c vn lin quan n cng vic ca Anh/Ch 2. Anh/Ch nhn c s h tr ca cp trn 3. Lnh o c tc phong lch s, ho nh. 4. Nhn vin c i x cng bng, khng phn bit. C hi o to, thng tin 1. Anh /Ch c nhiu c hi thng tin 2. Chnh sch thng tin ca cng ty cng bng 3. Cng ty to cho Anh/Ch nhiu c hi pht trin c nhn 4. Anh/Ch c o to cho cng vic v pht trin ngh nghip Mi trng lm vic 1. Anh/ch khng b p lc cng vic qu cao 2. Ni lm vic rt v sinh, sch s 3. Anh/ch khng phi lo lng mt vic lm v_21 v_22 v_23 v_17 v_18 v_19 v_20 v_13 v_14 v_15 v_16 v_9 v_10 v_11 v_12 v_5 v_6 v_7 v_8 v_1 v_2 v_3 v_4 M ha

22

4. Cng ty bo m tt cc iu kin an ton, bo h lao ng. Hi lng\tha mn 1. Nhn chung, Anh/Ch cm thy rt hi lng khi lm vic y 2. Anh/Ch vui mng li lu di cng cng ty. 3. Anh/Ch coi cng ty nh mi nh th hai ca mnh 4. Anh/ch vui mng chn cng ty ny lm vic

v_24 v_25 v_26 v_27 v_28

3.2.3. nh gi thang o: Mt thang o c coi l c gi tr khi n o lng ng ci cn o. Hay ni cch khc o lng vng mt c hai loi sai lch: sai lch h thng v sai lch ngu nhin. iu kin cn mt thang o t gi tr l thang o phi t tin cy, ngha l cho cng mt kt qu khi o lp i lp li. tin cy ca thang o c nh gi bng phng php nht qun ni ti (internal connsistentcy) thng qua h s Cronbach Alpha v h s tng quan bin tng (item-total correclation). H s Cronbach Alpha: Nhiu nh nghin cu ng rng Cronbach Alpha t 0.8 tr ln n gn 1 th thang o lng l tt, t 0.7 n gn 0.8 l s dng c. Cng c nh nghin cu ngh rng Cronbach Alpha t 0.6 tr ln l c th s dng c trong trng hp khi nim ang nghin cu l mi hoc mi i vi ngi tr li trong bi cnh nghin cu (Hong Trng-Chu Nguyn Mng Ngc, 2005). V vy i vi nghin cu ny th Cronbach Alpha t 0.6 tr ln l chp nhn c. H s tng quan bin tng (item-total correclation) H s tng quan bin tng l h s tng quan ca mt bin vi im trung bnh ca cc bin khc trong cng mt thang o, do h s ny cng cao th s tng quan ca bin ny vi cc bin khc trong nhm cng cao. Theo Nunnally & Burnstein (1994), cc bin c h s tng quan bin tng nh hn 0.3 c coi l bin rc v s b loi khi thang o. gi tr hi t (convergent validity) v phn bit (discriminant validity) ca thang o c nh gi thng qua phng php phn tch nhn t khm ph EFA (Exploratory Factor Anlysis).

23

Xc nh s lng nhn t S lng nhn t c xc nh da trn ch s Eigenvalue, ch s ny i din cho phn bin thin c gii thch bi mi nhn t. Theo tiu chun Kaiser, nhng nhn t c ch s Eigenvalue nh hn 1 s b loi khi m hnh (Garson, 2003). Tiu chun phng sai trch (Variance explained criteria): tng phng sai trch phi ln hn 50%. gi tr hi t thang o t gi tr hi t th h s tng quan n gia cc bin v cc nhn t (factor loading) phi ln hn hoc bng 0.5 trong mt nhn t (Jun & ctg, 2002). gi tr phn bit t c gi tr phn bit, khc bit gia cc factor loading phi ln hn hoc bng 0.3 (Jabnoun & ctg, 2003). Phng php trch h s s dng thang o: Mc ch kim nh cc thang o nhm iu chnh phc v cho vic chy hi quy m hnh tip theo nn phng php trch yu t Principal Axis Factoring vi php quay Varimax s c s dng cho phn tch EFA trong nghin cu v phng php ny s gip kim nh hin tng a cng tuyn gia cc yu t ca m hnh (nu c). Sau khi thang o ca cc yu t c kim nh, bc tip theo s tin hnh chy hi quy tuyn tnh v kim nh vi mc ngha 5% theo m hnh : Y = B0 + B1*X1 + B2*X2 + B3*X3 + + Bi*Xi Trong : Y: mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Xi: cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ti cng ty B0: hng s Bi: cc h s hi quy (i > 0) Kt qu ca m hnh s gip ta xc nh c mc nh hng ca cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An.

24

3.2.4. Thit k nghin cu: Nghin cu c thc hin da trn kho st ton b ngi lao ng (tng th nghin cu) ang lm vic ti cng ty tnh n thi im ngy 31/08/2008, gm 198 ngi. Tm tt : Chng ny trnh by c th v cc vn sau: Thit k nghin cu: trnh by phng php nghin cu (nghin cu nh tnh, nh lng, phng trnh hi quy a bin), xy dng quy trnh nghin cu. Nghin cu chnh thc: thit k bng cu hi kho st (s dng thang o Likert 5 bc), din t v m ha bng cu hi phc v cho vic x l d liu, cc phng php nh gi thang o.

25

CHNG 4: KT QU NGHIN CU
Chng ny s trnh by kt qu phn tch bao gm: (1) M t d liu thu c; (2) nh gi tin cy ca thang o; (3) Phn tch nhn t v hiu chnh m hnh nghin cu; (4) Phn tch hi quy a bin; (5) Kim nh cc gi thuyt ca m hnh. 4.1. D LIU THU THP C Tng s bng cu hi pht ra l 190 trn tng s 198 ngi lao ng hin ang lm vic ti cng ty tnh n thi im ngy 31/08/2008 (do ti thi im tin hnh kho st c mt s ngi i cng tc khng c mt ti cng ty). Tng s bng cu hi kho st thu v l 178. Sau khi kim tra, c 12 bng khng t yu cu b loi ra (ch yu do thng tin tr li khng y ). Nh vy tng s a vo phn tch, x l l 166 bng cu hi c phng n tr li hon chnh. C cu d liu: Bng 4.1: C cu v gii tnh
Phn Phn trm quan trm st hp l 98.2 98.2 1.8 1.8 100.0 100.0 Phn trm tch ly 98.2 100.0

S quan st hp l nam n Tng

Tn xut 163 3 166

Bng 4.2: C cu v tui

Phn trm 11.4 51.2 26.5 10.8 100.0 Phn trm quan st hp l 11.4 51.2 26.5 10.8 100.0 Phn trm tch ly 11.4 62.7 89.2 100.0

S quan st hp l di 25 t 25 n 34 t 35 n 44 t 45 tr ln Tng

Tn xut 19 85 44 18 166

V tui tc, s lao ng trong tui t 25 tui tr ln chim a s (gn 90%).

26

Bng 4.3: C cu v trnh

Phn trm quan st hp l 25.9 39.2 18.1 5.4 11.4 100.0 Phn trm tch ly 25.9 65.1 83.1 88.6 100.0

S quan st hp l lao ng PT CN k thut trung cp cao ng i hc tr ln Tng

Tn xut Phn trm 43 25.9 65 39.2 30 18.1 9 5.4 19 11.4 166 100.0

V trnh lao ng c trnh t cng nhn k thut tr ln chim 123 trn tng s 166 d liu kho st (chim 74%). Bng 4.4: C cu v thm nin
Phn Phn trm quan Phn trm st hp l trm tch ly 5.4 5.4 5.4 16.9 16.9 22.3 22.9 22.9 45.2 54.8 54.8 100.0 100.0 100.0

S quan st hp l di 1 nm t 1 nm n di 3 nm t 3 nm n di 5 nm t 5 nm tr ln Tng

Tn xut 9 28 38 91 166

V thm nin, s ngi c thi gian lm vic t 3 nm tr ln chim 129 trn tng s 166 d liu kho st (chim 78%). Bng 4.5: C cu v b phn
Phn trm Phn trm tch ly Tn xut Phn trm quan st hp l 22 13.3 13.3 13.3 117 70.5 70.5 83.7 27 16.3 16.3 100.0 166 100.0 100.0

S quan st hp l vn phng xng sn xut t dch v Tng

4.2. NH GI THANG O Thang o c nh gi tin cy thng qua hai cng c c th l h s Cronbach Alpha v phn tch nhn t EFA. H s Cronbach Alpha c s dng loi cc bin rc, cc bin ny c h s tng quan tng bin (Corrected item total

27

correlation) nh hn 0.3 s b loi v thang o s c chn khi h s Cronbach Alpha t 0.6 tr ln (Nunnaly & Bernsteri, 1994; Slater, 1995). 4.2.1. Kt qu nh gi thang o cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An: Nn gp cc s liu v tnh Cronbach Alpha ca thang o JDI trong 1 bng Bng 4.6: Cronbach Alpha ca thang o bn cht cng vic
Bin quan st Trung bnh thang o Phng sai thang o nu loi bin nu loi bin cng vic 1 cng vic 2 cng vic 3 cng vic 4 10.5542 10.9398 10.7289 10.4639 3.897 4.263 4.647 4.602 Cronbachs Alpha = 0.725 Tng quan bin tng .583 .555 .460 .460 Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin .619 .639 .693 .694

Bng 4.7: Cronbach Alpha ca thang o tin lng

Bin quan st Trung bnh thang o Phng sai thang o nu loi bin tin lng 1 tin lng 2 tin lng 3 tin lng 4 7.7711 7.2771 7.4819 7.2711 nu loi bin 5.959 6.141 6.021 5.738 Cronbachs Alpha = 0.872 Tng quan bin tng .745 .506 .760 .648 Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin .744 .856 .740 .785

Bng 4.8: Cronbach Alpha ca thang o ng nghip

Bin quan st Trung bnh thang Phng sai thang o o nu loi bin ng nghip 1 ng nghip 2 ng nghip 3 11.3675 11.2530 11.3313 nu loi bin 4.525 4.917 4.865 Tng quan bin tng .738 .666 .799 Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin .841 .868 .818

28

Bin quan st

Trung bnh thang Phng sai thang o o nu loi bin nu loi bin 4.525 4.917 4.865 4.866

Tng quan bin tng .738 .666 .799 .743

Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin .841 .868 .818 .838

ng nghip 1 ng nghip 2 ng nghip 3 ng nghip 4

11.3675 11.2530 11.3313 11.2470

Cronbachs Alpha = 0.876

Bng 4.9: Cronbach Alpha ca thang o lnh o

Bin quan st Trung bnh thang o Phng sai thang o nu loi bin lnh o 1 lnh o 2 lnh o 3 lnh o 4 11.1627 11.2892 10.8976 11.4337 nu loi bin 5.361 4.376 5.220 4.538 Cronbachs Alpha = 0.778 Tng quan bin tng .538 .695 .623 .555 Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin .763 .681 .727 .765

Bng 4.10: Cronbach Alpha ca thang o c hi o to, thng tin

Bin quan st Trung bnh thang o Phng sai thang o nu loi bin thng tin 1 thng tin 2 thng tin 3 thng tin 4 9.3976 9.1928 9.1024 8.9940 nu loi bin 5.186 6.035 5.462 5.509 Cronbachs Alpha = 0.824 Tng quan bin tng .680 .627 .689 .608 Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin .764 .790 .760 .798

Cc thang o: cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o tothng tin c h s Cronbach Alpha ln hn 0.6 v h s tng quan bin tng

29

(Corrected Item Total Cerreclation) u ln hn 0.3 (ph lc B) nn t yu cu v c a vo phn tch nhn t. Ring thang o mi trng lm vic c Cronbachs Alpha = 0.447 v cc thnh phn u c Cronbachs Alpha nh hn 0.6 (bng 4.11) nn ta loi bin ny khi m hnh. Bng 4.11: Cronbach Alpha ca thang o mi trng lm vic
Bin quan st mi trng 1 mi trng 2 mi trng 3 mi trng 4 Trung bnh thang o nu loi bin 10.0667 10.0606 9.7212 9.4970 Phng sai thang o nu loi bin 4.258 4.594 3.824 3.617 Cronbachs Alpha = 0.447 Tng quan bin tng 0.217 0.110 0.412 0.302 Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin 0.411 0.513 0.230 0.323

4.2.2. Thang o nh gi s tha mn Thang o s tha mn c h s Cronbachs Alpha = 0.892 v h s tng quan bin tng ca tt c cc bin u ln hn 0.3 nn t yu cu. Bng 4.12: Cronbach Alpha ca thang o s tha mn
Bin quan st tha mn 1 tha mn 2 tha mn 3 tha mn 4 Trung bnh thang o nu loi bin 10.7169 10.5301 10.6265 10.3976 Phng sai thang o nu loi bin 5.804 5.220 5.096 5.489 Cronbachs Alpha = 0.892 Tng quan bin tng 0.717 0.800 0.746 0.797 Cronbach Alpha nu loi bin 0.877 0.846 0.870 0.849

4.3. PHN TCH NHN T 4.3.1. Kt qu phn tch nhn t: Phn tch nhn t ch c s dng khi h s KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) c gi tr t 0.5 tr ln (Othman & Owen, 2000), cc bin c h s truyn ti (factor loading) nh hn 0.4 s b loi. im dng Eigenvalue (i din cho phn bin thin c gii

30

thch bi mi nhn t) ln hn 1 v tng phng sai trch (Cumulative % Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings) ln hn 50% (Gerbing & Anderson, 1988). Phng php trch Principal Axis Factoring vi php quay Varimax c s dng trong phn tch nhn t thang o cc thnh phn c lp. Sau khi loi bin mi trng lm vic giai on nh gi tin cy ca cc thanh o, cn li 20 bin ca cc thnh phn c lp. Qu trnh phn tch nhn t loi cc bin trong nghin cu ny c thc hin qua 2 bc: + Bc 1: 20 thnh phn c a vo phn tch nhn t theo tiu chun Eigenvalue ln hn 1 c 4 nhn t c to ra. Tng phng sai trch = 54.642% cho bit 4 nhn t ny gii thch c 54.642% bin thin ca d liu. H s KMO = 0.861 (>0.5) do t yu cu. Tuy nhin bin thng tin 2 (v_18) b loi do c h s truyn ti qu thp (<0.4) (tham kho ph lc B). + Bc 2: Sau khi loi b bin thng tin 2, 19 bin cn li c tip tc a vo phn tch mt ln na vn theo tiu ch nh trn. Kt qu c 4 nhn t c rt ra. Tng phng sai trch = 54.968% cho bit 4 nhn t ny gii thch c 54.968% bin thin ca d liu. H s KMO = 0.852 (>0.5) l t yu cu. H s truyn ti ca tt c cc bin u ln hn 0.4 (bng 4.13).

31

Bng 4.13: Kt qu EFA bc 2 ca m hnh.

Tn bin 1 ng nghip 3 ng nghip 4 ng nghip 1 lnh o 4 ng nghip 2 lnh o 2 lnh o 1 thng tin 4 thng tin 1 lnh o 3 thng tin 3 tin lng 3 tin lng 1 tin lng 4 tin lng 2 cng vic 1 cng vic 2 cng vic 4 cng vic 3 H s Cronbachs Alpha Initial Eigenvalues % ca phng sai 0.881 6.822 35.906 0.840 2.612 13.748 0.827 1.508 7.935 .212 .194 -.129 .103 -.125 .134 -.101 .362 .916 .889 .718 .611 .587 .298 .171 .905 .736 .566 .502 .495 .401 .124 .903 .879 .743 .574 .776 .607 .566 .511 0.725 1.223 6.435 .231 .134 -.175 .233 .285 -.154 .157 -.155 2 -.184 Nhn t 3 4

4.3.2. t tn v gii thch nhn t Vic gii thch cc nhn t c thc hin trn c s nhn ra cc bin quan st c h s truyn ti (factor loading) ln nm trong cng mt nhn t. Nh vy nhn t ny c th gii thch bng cc bin c h s ln nm trong n. Ma trn nhn t sau khi xoay (bng 4.13): + Nhn t 1 tp hp cc bin: ng nghip 3, ng nghip 4, ng nghip 1, lnh o 4, ng nghip 2; t tn nhn t ny l NG NGHIP.

32

+ Nhn t 2 tp hp cc bin: lnh o 2, lnh o 1, thng tin 4, thng tin 1, lnh o 3, thng tin 3; t tn nhn t ny l LNH O. + Nhn t 3 tp hp cc bin: tin lng 3, tin lng 1, tin lng 4, tin lng 2; t tn nhn t ny l LNG. + Nhn t 4 tp hp cc bin: cng vic 1, cng vic 2, cng vic 4, cng vic 3; t tn nhn t ny l CNG VIC. 4.3.3. Din gii kt qu Kt qu phn tch nhn t a ra m hnh v s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty c phn C kh ch to my Long An l t hp ca cc thang o ng nghip, Lnh o, Lng v Cng vic. Kt qu phn tch nhn t bao gm cc thnh phn sau : - Thnh phn ng nghip gm c 5 bin: ng nghip 3, ng nghip 4, ng nghip 1, lnh o 4, ng nghip 2. - Thnh phn Lnh o gm c 6 bin: lnh o 2, lnh o 1, thng tin 4, thng tin 1, lnh o 3, thng tin 3. - Thnh phn Lng gm c 4 bin: tin lng 3, tin lng 1, tin lng 4, tin lng 2. - Thnh phn Cng vic gm c 4 bin: cng vic 1, cng vic 2, cng vic 4, cng vic 3. 4.4. M HNH IU CHNH 4.4.1. Ni dung iu chnh: M hnh mi c a ra vi bin ph thuc l S tha mn trong cng vic v 4 bin c lp ln lc l: ng nghip, lnh o, lng v cng vic.

33

Hnh 4.14: M hnh nghin cu iu chnh Cng vic

Lng Mc tha mn trong cng vic

ng nghip

Lnh o 4.4.2. Cc gi thuyt cho m hnh iu chnh Cc gi thuyt cho m hnh nghin cu s c xy dng da trn chiu hng nh hng ca cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh ch to my Long An. Trong m hnh hiu chnh ny, c 4 yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng l: ng nghip, Lnh o, Lng v Cng vic. Cc gi thuyt ca m hnh iu chnh nh sau: H1: Bn cht cng vic c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. H2: Chnh sch tin lng c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. H3: Quan h vi ng nghip c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. H4: Quan h vi lnh o c nh gi tt hay khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng.

34

4.5. KIM NH CC YU T CA M HNH Sau khi qua giai on phn tch nhn t, c 4 nhn t c a vo kim nh m hnh. Gi tr ca tng nhn t l gi tr trung bnh ca cc bin quan st thnh phn thuc nhn t . Phn tch tng quan (Pearson) c s dng xem xt s ph hp khi a cc thnh phn vo m hnh hi quy. Kt qu ca phn tch hi quy s c s dng kim nh cc gi thuyt t H1 n H4 m t trn. 4.5.1. Kim nh h s tng quan Kim nh h s tng quan nhm kim tra mi quan h tuyn tnh gia cc bin c lp v cc bin ph thuc. Nu cc bin c tng quan cht th phi lu n vn a cng tuyn sau khi phn tch hi quy. Theo ma trn tng quan th cc bin ng nghip, Lnh o, Lng v Cng vic u c tng quan vi bin hi lng (s tha mn trong cng vic) vi mc ngha 5% (mc ngha<0.05) (ph lc B). 4.5.2. Phn tch hi quy Phn tch hi quy c thc hin vi 4 bin c lp bao gm: ng nghip, Lnh o, Lng v Cng vic. Phn tch c thc hin bng phng php Enter. Cc bin c a vo cng mt lc chn lc da trn tiu ch chn nhng bin c mc ngha<0.05. Kt qu phn tch hi quy nh sau: Bng 4.15: M hnh tm tt s dng phng php Enter.

M hnh 1

R .626 a

R2 .392

R2 hiu chnh

Thng k thay i Sai s chun Mc H s 2 ca c R thay ngha. F Durbinlng i F thay i df1 df2 thay i Watson 4 161 .000 1.872

.392 25.947 .377 .60088 a. D bo: (hng s), cng vic, lng, ng nghip, lnh o b. Bin ph thuc: tha mn

35

Bng 4.16: Kt qu hi quy s dng phng php Enter.

H s cha chun H s ha chun ha Thng k a cng tuyn Nhn t H s phng i Mc Toleran phng sai ngha. ce (VIF) .000 .008 .021 .000 .677 .535 .414 .730 .389 1.870 2.418 1.369 2.571

M hnh 1 (hng s) ng nghip lnh o lng cng vic

B 3.523 .181 .181 .257 .035

lch chun .047 .067 .077 .058 .083

Beta

t 75.532

.227 .223 .320 .041

2.699 2.338 4.445 .417

a. Bin ph thuc: tha mn

Ta c R2 hiu chnh = 0.377. Tuy nhin vi kt qu trn ta nhn thy bin cng vic khng c ngha thng k (do mc ngha.>0.05) cho nn bin ny c loi khi m hnh. Kt qu hi quy sau khi loi bin trn nh sau: Bng 4.17: M hnh tm tt s dng phng php Enter sau khi loi bin.
Thng k thay i Sai s chun Mc H s 2 ca c R thay ngha. F Durbinlng i F thay i df1 df2 thay i Watson .59935 .391 34.715 3 162 .000 1.878

Model 1

R .626a

R2 .391

R2 hiu chnh .380

a. D bo: (hng s), lng, ng nghip, lnh o b. Bin ph thuc: tha mn

36

Bng 4.18: Kt qu hi quy s dng phng php Enter sau khi loi bin.
H s cha chun H s ha chun ha Thng k a cng tuyn Nhn t H s phng i Mc Toleran phng sai ngha. ce (VIF) .000 .004 .004 .000 .566 .542 .893 1.766 1.845 1.120

M hnh 1 (hng s) ng nghip lnh o lng

B 3.523 .188 .197 .268

lch chun .047 .065 .068 .052

Beta .235 .243 .332

t 75.725 2.886 2.916 5.124

a. Bin ph thuc: tha mn

M hnh hi quy cn li 3 bin t mc ngha 0.05 (c mc ngha <0.05) l cc bin ng nghip, lnh o v lng. Vi h s R2 hiu chnh bng 0.380 c ngha l c khong 38% phng sai ca s tha mn c gii thch bi 3 bin c lp: ng nghip, lnh o v lng. Trong cc bin trn khng c hin tng a cng tuyn (do tt c cc gi tr VIF ca cc bin u nh hn 2). Phng trnh hi quy th hin mi quan h gia mc tha mn trong cng vic vi cc yu t ng nghip, lnh o, lng c th hin qua ng thc sau : S tha mn trong cng vic = 3.523 + 0.188 * ng nghip + 0.197* lnh o + 0.268* lng Kt qu hi quy cho thy ch c 3 trong 4 yu t ca m hnh c nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An l: ng nghip, lnh o, lng. Trong thnh phn lngc ngha quan trng nht i vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao (c h s ln nht), k n l lnh o v cui cng l ng nghip. 4.6. KIM NH GI THUYT Da trn kt qu phn tch hi quy s gii thch, kim nh cc gi thuyt a ra. Lng l mt yu t c nh hng ln nht n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh ch to my Long An (c h s hi

37

quy ln nht). Du dng ca h s beta c ngha l mi quan h gia yu t lng v mc tha mn trong cng vic l mi quan h cng chiu. Ngha l khi nhn vin cm nhn rng mnh c tr lng cao, cng bng s lm vic tt hn c ngha l mc hi lng trong cng vic cng tng khi mc tha mn v tin lng tng. Kt qu hi quy (bng 4.15) c beta = 0.332, mc ngha<0. ngha l khi tng mc tho mn v lng ln 1 n v lch chun th mc tha mn chung trong cng vic tng thm 0.332 n v lch chun, Vy gi thuyt H2 c chp nhn. Sau yu t lng, yu t th hai c nh hng ln n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An, l lnh o. Kt qu hi quy (bng 4.15) c beta = 0.243, mc ngha<0.01 du dng ca h s Beta c ngha l mi quan h gia yu t lnh o v mc tha mn trong cng vic l mi quan h cng chiu. iu c ngha l khi lnh o c ngi lao ng nh gi cng cao s cng lm tng mc tha mn trong cng vic ca h. Vy gi thuyt H4 c chp nhn. Yu t ng nghip c Beta = 0.235, mc ngha<0.01 c ngha l mi quan h gia yu t ng nghip v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An l mi quan h cng chiu. Ngha l khi gi tr ca yu t ng nghip tng th mc tha mn trong cng vic cng s tng theo v ngc li.Vy gi thuyt H3 c chp nhn. Kt qu ca m hnh hi quy loi 1 bin c lp, l yu t cng vic. iu ny cho thy rng yu t cng vic khng c nh hng c ngha thng k ti mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An Do , gi thuyt H1 khng c chp nhn. Sau khi s dng phn tch hi quy, ta c kt lun v kim nh cc gi thuyt ca m hnh nghin cu ( c iu chnh) nh sau:

38

STT S GT 1 H1

Ni dung

Kt qu chp

Bn cht cng vic c nh gi tt hay khng tt Khng tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong nhn cng vic ca ngi lao ng.

H2

Chnh sch tin lng c nh gi tt hay khng Chp nhn tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn P=0.000 trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. Quan h vi ng nghip c nh gi tt hay Chp nhn khng tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha P=0.004 mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. Quan h vi lnh o c nh gi tt hay khng Chp nhn tt tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. P=0.004

H3

H4

4.7. KIM NH S KHC BIT V MC THA MN THEO CC C IM C NHN Phn ny chng ti s tin hnh kho st xem c s khc bit g khng tng yu t c nhn n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. 4.7.1. Kim nh v s khc bit ca gii tnh n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. V gii tnh trong nghin cu c 2 bin l Nam v N nn s dng kim nh Independent t-test kim tra xem Nam v N ai c mc tha mn trong cng vic cao hn. Bng 4.19: Kt qu Independent t-test thng k nhm theo gii tnh.
Gii tnh tha mn 1 2 N 163 3 Trung bnh 3.5307 3.0833 Sai s thng k .76567 .14434 Trung bnh lch chun .05997 .08333

39

Bng 4.20: Kt qu Independent t-test so snh mc tha mn trong cng vic theo gii tnh.
Kim nh s bng nhau ca phng sai

Kim nh s bng nhau ca trung bnh S khc S khc tin cy 95% bit bit trung lch bnh chun Thp hn Cao hn .44734 .44348 -.42832 1.32300

F Tha mn Gi nh phng sai bng nhau Khng gi nh phng sai bng nhau

Mc ngha

df

Mc ngha

3.551

.061 1.009

164

.315

4.357 4.593

.009

.44734

.10267

.17623

.71846

Bng 4.20 cho thy mc ngha trong kim nh Levene = 0.061 (>0.05), chng t khng c s khc bit v phng sai i vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh ch to my Long An gia Nam v N. Ta xt tip Khng gi nh phng sai bng nhau (Equal variances not assumed) trong kim nh T-test. Trong kim nh T-test, Phng sai bng nhau khc tnh cht c mc ngha = 0.009(<0.05) chng t c s khc bit ngha v trung bnh mc tha mn trong cng vic ca Nam v N. Da vo gi tr trung bnh ca Nam cao hn trung bnh ca N (bng 4.19) ta kt lun Nam c mc tha mn trong cng vic cao hn N. 4.7.2. Kim nh v s tc ng khc nhau ca tui n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. V tui trong nghin cu c 4 bin nn s dng kim nh One-Way ANOVA. Bng 4.21: Kt qu One-Way ANOVA so snh mc tha mn trong cng vic theo tui.

40

tha mn Tng bnh phng Gia cc nhm Trong cng nhm Tng .471 95.132 95.603 df 3 162 165 Bnh phng trung bnh .157 .587 F .267 Mc ngha. .849

Bng 4.21 cho thy rng Gia cc nhm c mc ngha = 0.849 (>0.05) nn ta kt lun khng c s khc bit gia cc nhm tui v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. 4.7.3. Kim nh v s khc bit ca trnh hc vn v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Bng 4.22: Kt qu One-Way ANOVA so snh mc tha mn trong cng vic theo trnh hc vn.
tha mn Tng bnh phng Gia cc nhm Trong cng nhm Tng 2.765 92.838 95.603 df 4 161 165 Bnh phng trung bnh .691 .577 F 1.199 Mc ngha. .313

Bng 4.22 cho thy rng Gia cc nhm c mc ngha = 0.313 (>0.05) nn ta kt lun khng c s khc bit gia cc nhm c trnh hc vn khc nhau v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty C phn C kh Ch to my Long An. 4.7.4. Kim nh v s tc ng khc nhau ca thm nin v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Bng 4.23: Kt qu One-Way ANOVA so snh mc tha mn trong cng vic theo thm nin.

41

tha mn Tng bnh phng Gia cc nhm Trong cng nhm Tng 2.164 93.438 95.603 df 3 162 165 Bnh phng trung bnh .721 .577 F 1.251 Mc ngha .293

Bng 4.23 cho thy rng Gia cc nhm c mc ngha = 0.293 (>0.05) nn ta kt lun khng c s khc bit v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An gia cc nhm c thm nin khc nhau. 4.7.5. Kim nh v s tc ng khc nhau ca b phn v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Bng 4.24: Kt qu One-Way ANOVA so snh mc tha mn trong cng vic theo b phn.
tha mn Tng bnh phng Gia cc nhm Trong cng nhm Tng 1.688 93.915 95.603 df 2 163 165 Bnh phng trung bnh .844 .576 F 1.465 Mc ngha .234

Bng 4.24 cho thy rng Gia cc nhm c mc ngha = 0.234 (>0.05) nn ta kt lun khng c s khc bit gia cc b phn v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Da trn kt qu phn tch Independent t-test v One-Way ANOVA so snh mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An theo mt s yu t c nhn cho thy rng nam c mc tha mn trong cng vic cao hn n, khng c s khc bit v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng theo cc yu t c nhn cn li (tui tc, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn).

42

4.8. KT QU THNG K V MC THA MN THEO MC THA MN CHUNG V THEO TNG NHM YU T 4.8.1. Mc tha mn chung Bng 4.25: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn chung.
N Thp nht Cao nht Thng k 5.00 5.00 5.00 4.25 Trung bnh Thng k 3.5226 3.7120 3.4378 2.4834 lch chun .05908 .05638 .05322 .06144

Thng k Thng k tha mn ng nghip lnh o lng S quan st hp l 166 166 166 166 166 1.00 1.40 1.17 1.00

Theo bng 4.25, mc tha mn chung ca ton cng ty l 3.5226. Mc tha mn i vi yu t ng nghip l 3.712 (cao hn mc tha mn chung). Trong khi mc tha mn i vi yu t lnh o v lng u thp hn mc tha mn chung, ring mc tha mn i vi yu t lng l rt thp (ch c 2.4834). 4.8.2. Mc tha mn theo tng nhm yu t 4.8.2.1. Mc tha mn theo nhm yu t ng nghip Bng 4.26: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn theo nhm yu t ng nghip.
N ng nghip 3 ng nghip 4 ng nghip 1 lnh o 4 ng nghip 2 Gi tr N Thp nht Cao nht Thng k 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Trung bnh Thng k 3.7349 3.8193 3.6988 3.4940 3.8133 lch chun .05992 .06296 .07019 .08095 .06652

Thng k Thng k 166 166 166 166 166 166 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Bng 4.27: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn ng nghip 3.

43

ng nghip 3 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 1 9 44 91 21 166 .6 5.4 26.5 54.8 12.7 100.0 .6 5.4 26.5 54.8 12.7 100.0 .6 6.0 32.5 87.3 100.0

Thnh phn ng nghip 3: Nhng ngi m Anh/Ch lm vic vi rt thn thin. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.7349 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip l 3.7120). C 32.5% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 32.5% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), c 67.5% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 67.5% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.28: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn ng nghip 4.
ng nghip 4 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 2 7 39 89 29 166 1.2 4.2 23.5 53.6 17.5 100.0 1.2 4.2 23.5 53.6 17.5 100.0 1.2 5.4 28.9 82.5 100.0

Thnh phn ng nghip 4: Nhng ngi m Anh/Ch lm vic vi thng gip ln nhau. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.8193 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip l 3.7120). C 28.9% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 28.9% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), c 71.1% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 71.1% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt).

44

Bng 4.29: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn ng nghip 1.

ng nghip 1 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 3 11 49 73 30 166 1.8 6.6 29.5 44.0 18.1 100.0 1.8 6.6 29.5 44.0 18.1 100.0 1.8 8.4 38.0 81.9 100.0

Thnh phn ng nghip 1: ng nghip ca Anh/Ch thoi mi v d chu. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.6988 (thp hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip l 3.7120). C 38% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 38% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), c 62% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 62% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.30: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn lnh o 4.
lnh o 4 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 7 20 51 60 28 166 4.2 12.0 30.7 36.1 16.9 100.0 4.2 12.0 30.7 36.1 16.9 100.0 4.2 16.3 47.0 83.1 100.0

Thnh phn lnh o 4: Nhn vin c i x cng bng, khng phn bit. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.4940 (thp hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip l 3.7120). C n 47% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 47% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp

45

trung bnh), c 53% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 53% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.31: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn ng nghip 2.
ng nghip 2 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 2 11 34 88 31 166 1.2 6.6 20.5 53.0 18.7 100.0 1.2 6.6 20.5 53.0 18.7 100.0 1.2 7.8 28.3 81.3 100.0

Thnh phn ng nghip 2: Anh/Ch v cc ng nghip phi hp lm vic tt. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.8133 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip l 3.7120). C n 28.3% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 28.3% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), c 71.7% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 71.7% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). 4.8.2.1. Mc tha mn theo nhm yu t lnh o Bng 4.32: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn theo nhm yu t lnh o.
N lnh o 2 lnh o 1 thng tin 4 thng tin 1 lnh o 3 thng tin 3 Gi tr N Thp nht Cao nht Thng k 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Trung bnh Thng k 3.6386 3.7651 3.2349 2.8313 4.0301 3.1265 lch chun .07457 .06390 .07687 .07815 .06128 .07209

Thng k Thng k 166 166 166 166 166 166 166 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

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Bng 4.33: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn lnh o 2.

lnh o 2 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 6 13 42 79 26 166 3.6 7.8 25.3 47.6 15.7 100.0 3.6 7.8 25.3 47.6 15.7 100.0 3.6 11.4 36.7 84.3 100.0

Thnh phn lnh o 2: Anh/Ch nhn c s h tr ca cp trn. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.6386 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o l 3.4378). C 36.7% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 36.7% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), c 63.3% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 63.3% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.34: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn lnh o 1.
lnh o 1 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 3 8 38 93 24 166 1.8 4.8 22.9 56.0 14.5 100.0 1.8 4.8 22.9 56.0 14.5 100.0 1.8 6.6 29.5 85.5 100.0

Thnh phn lnh o 1: Cp trn hi kin khi c vn lin quan n cng vic ca Anh/Ch. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.7651 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o l 3.4378). C 29.5% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 29.5% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc

47

t rt thp trung bnh), c 70.5% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 70.5% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt).Tn bng u? Bng 4.35: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn thng tin 4.
thng tin 4 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 7 30 61 53 15 166 4.2 18.1 36.7 31.9 9.0 100.0 4.2 18.1 36.7 31.9 9.0 100.0 4.2 22.3 59.0 91.0 100.0

Thnh phn thng tin 4: Anh/Ch c o to cho cng vic v pht trin ngh nghip. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.2349 (thp hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o l 3.4378). C 59% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 59% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), c 41% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 41% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.36: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn thng tin 1.
thng tin 1 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 17 40 72 28 9 166 10.2 24.1 43.4 16.9 5.4 100.0 10.2 24.1 43.4 16.9 5.4 100.0 10.2 34.3 77.7 94.6 100.0

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Thnh phn thng tin 1: Anh /Ch c nhiu c hi thng tin. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 2.8313 (thp hn nhiu so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip l 3.7120). C n 77.7% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 77.7% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), ch c 22.3% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 22.3% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.37: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn lnh o 3.
lnh o 3 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 3 2 25 93 43 166 1.8 1.2 15.1 56.0 25.9 100.0 1.8 1.2 15.1 56.0 25.9 100.0 1.8 3.0 18.1 74.1 100.0

Thnh phn lnh o 3: Lnh o c tc phong lch s, ho nh. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 4.0301 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip l 3.7120). C 18.1% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 18.1% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), c n 81.9% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 81.9% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.38: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn thng tin 3.
thng tin 3 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 6 32 75 41 3.6 19.3 45.2 24.7 3.6 19.3 45.2 24.7 3.6 22.9 68.1 92.8

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5 Tng

12 166

7.2 100.0

7.2 100.0

100.0

Thnh phn thng tin 3: Cng ty to cho Anh/Ch nhiu c hi pht trin c nhn. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 3.1265 (thp hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o l 3.4378). C n 68.1% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 68.1% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), ch c 31.9% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 45 (tc l c 31.9% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). 4.8.2.1. Mc tha mn theo nhm yu t lng Bng 4.39: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn theo nhm yu t lng.
N Thp nht Cao nht Thng k 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Trung bnh Thng k 2.4518 2.1627 2.6627 2.6566 lch chun .06759 .06958 .08041 .08404

Thng k Thng k tin lng 3 tin lng 1 tin lng 4 tin lng 2 Gi tr N 166 166 166 166 166 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Bng 4.40: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn tin lng 3.

tin lng 3 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 19 75 51 20 1 166 11.4 45.2 30.7 12.0 .6 100.0 11.4 45.2 30.7 12.0 .6 100.0 11.4 56.6 87.3 99.4 100.0

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Thnh phn tin lng 3: Tin lng tng xng vi kt qu lm vic. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 2.4518 (thp hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lng l 2.4834). C n 87.3% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 87.3% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), ch c 12.7% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 12.7% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.41: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn tin lng 1.
tin lng 1 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 43 64 49 9 1 166 25.9 38.6 29.5 5.4 .6 100.0 25.9 38.6 29.5 5.4 .6 100.0 25.9 64.5 94.0 99.4 100.0

Thnh phn tin lng 1: Anh/Ch c tr lng cao. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 2.1627 (thp hn nhiu so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lng l 2.4834). C n 94% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 94% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp n trung bnh), ch c 6% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 6% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.42: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn tin lng 4.

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tin lng 4 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 23 51 57 29 6 166 13.9 30.7 34.3 17.5 3.6 100.0 13.9 30.7 34.3 17.5 3.6 100.0 13.9 44.6 78.9 96.4 100.0

Thnh phn tin lng 4: Tin lng, thu nhp c tr cng bng . Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 2.6627 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lng l 2.4834). C 78.9% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 78.9% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp trung bnh), ch c 21.1% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 21.1% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt). Bng 4.43: Kt qu thng k m t mc tha mn ca thnh phn tin lng 2.
tin lng 2 Tn xut Phn trm Phn trm quan st hp l Phn trm tch ly Quan 1 st 2 hp l 3 4 5 Tng 21 63 43 30 9 166 12.7 38.0 25.9 18.1 5.4 100.0 12.7 38.0 25.9 18.1 5.4 100.0 12.7 50.6 76.5 94.6 100.0

Thnh phn tin lng 2: Anh/Ch c th sng hon ton da vo thu nhp t cng ty. Gi tr trung bnh ca cu hi ny l 2.6566 (cao hn so vi gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lng l 2.4834). C 76.5% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 1-3 (tc l c 76.5% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t rt thp n trung bnh), ch c 23.5% s ngi c kho st c mc tha mn t 4-5 (tc l c 23.5% s ngi c kho st cho rng yu t ny mc t kh n rt tt).

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Tm tt: Chng ny tin hnh cc cng vic nh sau : Kim nh thang o cc yu t xut hin trong m hnh bng phng php tin cy Cronbach Alpha v phn tch nhn t khm pht EFA. Kt qu Cronbach Alpha ca tt c yu t u t yu cu, ngoi tr thang o mi trng lm vic. Kt qu xut hin cc thang o ng nghip bao gm mt s yu t ca 02 thang o lnh o v ng nghip hp thnh; thang o lnh o c hnh thnh t thang o lnh o v thang o c hi o to, thng tin. Kt qu hi quy m hnh vi phn tch hi quy tuyn tnh bi thng qua phn mm SPSS 16.0 bng phng php Enter cho thy c 3 yu t nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An l: lng, lnh o v ng nghip. Kim nh li cc gi thuyt ca m hnh da trn kt qu hi quy, chp nhn ba gi thuyt (H2, H3, H4), bc b mt gi thuyt (H1). Kim nh cc yu t c nhn cho thy Nam c mc tha mn trong cng vic cao hn N. Cc yu t c nhn khc (tui tc, trnh hc vn, thm nin, b phn) khng c s tc ng n mc tha mn trong cng vic. Kim nh cho thy mc tha mn chung ca ton cng ty l 3.5226 (mc thp nht l 1, mc cao nht l 5). Mc tha mn i vi yu t ng nghip l 3.712 (cao hn mc tha mn chung). Trong khi mc tha mn i vi yu t lnh o v lng u thp hn mc tha mn chung, ring mc tha mn i vi yu t lng l rt thp (ch l 2.4834).

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CHNG 5: KT LUN
Mc ch ca chng ny l tm tt li kt qu chnh v a ra kt lun t nghin cu. Chng ny bao gm 4 phn: (1) Tm tt ni dung nghin cu, (2) Tm tt cc kt qu nghin cu, (3) Mt s ng gp ca nghin cu i vi Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An, (4) Cc hn ch ca nghin cu v xut hng nghin cu tip theo. 5.1. TM TT NI DUNG NGHIN CU Nghin cu a ra mt s nh ngha ca cc tc gi: Vroom (1964); Dormann v Zapf (2001); Locke (1976); Quinn v Staines (1979), Weiss (1967) v s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng t a ra s so snh gia cc nh ngha. T vic tham kho cc m hnh nghin cu v mc tha mn trong cng vic, nghin cu nu ra nhng yu t tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Nhng yu t l: bn cht cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o to v thng tin, mi trng lm vic. Nghin cu tham kho kt qu nghin cu ca nhng tc gi trong v ngoi nc v vn o lng s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ng thi so snh cc kt qu nghin cu nhm to c s d liu cho ti. M hnh nghin cu c xy dng gm t 6 yu t: bn cht cng vic, tin lng, ng nghip, lnh o, c hi o to v thng tin, mi trng lm vic. T 6 yu t trn, cc gi thuyt cho m hnh c a ra. Nghin cu c tin hnh qua hai bc: nghin cu nh tnh c thc hin qua k thut phng vn su (n=5) v nghin cu nh lng c thc hin bng bng cu hi iu tra thut phng vn tt c ngi lao ng ang lm vic ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An vi tng th nghin cu l 198 ngi. Thang o cc yu t c xy dng t vic k tha t cc nghin cu trc v t kt qu ca nghin cu nh tnh. Thang o c kim nh bng phng php tin cy Cronbach Alpha v phn tch nhn t khm ph EFA. Qu trnh phn tch kt

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qu trong nghin cu nh lng c thc hin thng qua s h tr ca phn mm SPSS 16.0. 5.2. TM TT CC KT QU NGHIN CU V h thng thang o: Kt qu ca cc m hnh o lng cho thy sau khi c b sung v iu chnh da trn nghin cu nh tnh v mt s kt qu nghin cu trc ca cc tc gi trong v ngoi nc, cc thang o u t tin cy v gi tr cho php. Nghin cu ny gp phn vo h thng thang o lng cc yu t nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. V m hnh l thuyt: M hnh nghin cu ban u a ra kh ph hp. Tuy nhin sau qu trnh kho st v x l s liu, kt qu cui cng cho thy c 3 yu t nh hng mnh nht i vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An l lng, lnh o v ng nghip. Trong yu t lng c nh hng ln nht n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng, tip l yu t lnh o v cui cng l ng nghip. Cng cn lu rng nhng yu t ny tt hay xu c nh gi da trn cm nhn ca nhn vin ch khng phi bn thn cc yu t ny thc s tt hay xu. Cc mc tiu chnh ca ti: Cc yu t nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty gm c: ng nghip, lnh o v lng. Mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty cha cao: Kim nh cc yu t c nhn theo cc yu t cho thy mc tha mn chung ca ton cng ty l 3.5226 (mc thp nht l 1, mc cao nht l 5). Mc tha mn i vi yu t ng nghip l 3.712 (cao hn mc tha mn chung). Trong khi mc tha mn i vi yu t lnh o v lng u thp hn mc tha mn chung, ring mc tha mn i vi yu t lng l rt thp (ch c 2.4834). S khc bit v mc tha mn ca nhn vin theo cc c trng c nhn (tui tc, gii tnh, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn): Da trn kt qu phn tch Independent t-test v One-Way ANOVA so snh mc tha mn trong cng

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vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An theo mt s yu t c nhn cho thy rng nam c mc tha mn trong cng vic cao hn n, khng c s khc bit v mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng theo cc yu t c nhn cn li (tui tc, trnh hc vn, thm nin lm vic, b phn). 5.3. MT S GII PHP NNG CAO MC THA MN CA CBNV CNG TY C PHN C KH CH TO MY LONG AN. T nhng kt qu c c t m hnh nghin cu, chng ti xin xut mt s kin ngh sau i vi ban lnh o Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. 5.3.1. Vn v tin lng Kt qu nghin cu v ngha: Theo kt qu nghin cu, mc tha mn v tin lng tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Cng theo kt qu nghin cu, mc tha mn v tin lng ca ton cng ty l rt thp. Mc tha mn v tin lng ca ton cng ty l 2.4834, thp hn nhiu so vi mc tha mn chung ca ton cng ty l 3.5226. Trong , thnh phn tin lng tng xng vi kt qu lm vic (gi tr l 2.4518), tr lng cao (gi tr l 2.1627) c nh gi thp hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lng. Thnh phn Tin lng, thu nhp c tr cng bng (gi tr 2.6627) v C th sng hon ton da vo thu nhp t cng ty (gi tr l 2.6566) c nh gi cao hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lng. iu ny cho thy s cm nhn ca ngi lao ng v chnh sch tin lng ca cng ty l cha tt. Nguyn nhn: S cm nhn ca ngi lao ng v chnh sch tin lng ca cng ty l cha tt. Hin trng trn l do mt s nguyn nhn sau: Ngi lao ng nhn thy h c tr lng thp, tin lng cha m bo cho nhu cu i sng ca h. Thi im su thng u nm 2008 din ra nhng bin ng ln v kinh t, gi c sinh hot ng lot tng t bin v lin tc nhng cng ty vn cha thc hin iu chnh tng lng kp thi cho ngi lao ng.

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Cng ty l mt n v chuyn i t doanh nghip nh nc nn vic thc hin chnh sch tin lng cng b nh hng nht nh t c ch tr lng t thi doanh nghip nh nc: cha mnh dn tr lng cho nhng ngi thc s c ng gp nhiu, tr lng theo kiu bnh qun nn khng to c ng lc kch thch ngi lao ng ng thi gy nn cm nhn vic tr lng l khng cng bng. xut gii php: Theo kt qu nghin cu, lng l yu t c tm quan trng nht tc ng n s tha mn trong cng vic ng thi cng l yu t c ngi lao ng nh gi km nht trong s cc yu t tc ng n s tha mn. Do , cng ty cn c nhng bin php nhm nng cao hn na mc tha mn ca ngi lao ng i vi vn tin lng, c th nh sau: V mc lng: Theo nh gi ca ngi lao ng ti cng ty, mc lng hin ti h c nhn l rt thp, cha tng xng vi kt qu lm vic ca h v khng trang tri cho nhu cu cuc sng hng ngy. Do vn trc mt l cng ty phi r sot v iu chnh n gi tin lng mc hp l hn. Cng ty c th cn c vo mt bng lng chung khu vc v nhng cng ty cng ngnh iu chnh mc lng hp l. Cng ty cng nn thng xuyn xem xt v iu chnh mc lng cho tng c nhn da trn nng lc thc s ca h. Mc lng chi tr cho ngi lao ng phi cn c vo hiu qu lm vic ng thi m bo cho ngi lao ng ti to li sc lao ng, ch n nhng bin ng v kinh t x hi nhm iu chnh mc lng ph hp vi s bin ng v mt bng gi c cng nh mt bng lng ca x hi tng thi im nht nh. S cng bng trong chnh sch lng: Vic tr lng cng bng cng l mt yu t quan trng. Ngi lao ng khng ch mun c tr lng m cn ch n vic cng ty tr lng nh th no. y chng ta cp n vn cng bng trong vic thc hin chnh sch tin lng. Mt nhn vin c th th nhn c mt mc lng hp l nhng nu h cm thy chnh sch tr lng ca cng ty khng cng bng cng c th lm cho h cm thy khng tha mn i vi chnh sch lng ca cng ty.

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5.3.2. Vn v ng nghip Kt qu nghin cu v ngha: ng nghip cng l mt yu t tc ng mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Theo kt qu nghin cu, mc tha mn v ng nghip tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Theo kt qu nghin cu, mc tha mn v ng nghip l 3.712, cao hn so vi mc tha mn chung ca ton cng ty l 3.5226. Trong , thnh phn thn thin ca ng nghip (gi tr l 3.7349), s gip ln nhau ca ng nghip (gi tr l 3.8193) v s phi hp gia cc ng nghip (gi tr l 3.8133) c nh gi cao hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip. Thnh phn s thoi mi d chu ca ng nghip (gi tr 3.6988) v i x cng bng vi nhn vin (gi tr l 3.4940) c nh gi thp hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip. Nguyn nhn: Ta thy rng trong yu t ng nghip, cc thnh phn thn thin ca ng nghip s gip ln nhau ca ng nghip v s phi hp gia cc ng nghip c nh gi cao hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip. Trong khi , thnh phn s thoi mi d chu ca ng nghip v i x cng bng vi nhn vin li c nh gi thp hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t ng nghip. Kt qu trn l do a phn ngi lao ng lm vic lu nm ti cng ty, c s am hiu nht nh vi nhau nn thn thin vi nhau, phi hp v gip ln nhau tt hn. Vic nh gi i x cng bng vi nhn vin khng tt l do mt s trng b phn dnh u i nht nh i vi nhng nhn vin c thm nin nhng cn hn ch v nng lc. xut gii php: Cng ty cng nn c cc bin php nhm nng cao mc tha mn v ng nghip i vi ngi lao ng. Vn ny chnh l mt yu t thuc v vn ha doanh nghip. C th: Cng ty nn xy dng cc quy ch lm vic nhm to mi trng sao cho c s phi hp gip ln nhau ca mi ngi trong cng ty, s thn thin gn b vi nhau trong cng vic.

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Vn cng bng trong i x vi nhn vin cn c chn chnh trong thi gian ti. Theo , cng ty nn xy dng nhng tiu ch c th trong vic nh gi kt qu thc hin cng vic ca ngi lao ng cng nh vic khen thng, cng nh k lut ng thi phi p dng cc quy ch mt cch cng khai minh bch, khng xy ra tnh trng thin v hoc thnh kin i vi bt k c nhn ngi lao ng no trong cng ty. iu gip cho vic nh gi c chnh xc hn, trnh c s ch quan trong nh gi v hn ch ti a s thin v hoc thnh kin. 5.3.3. Vn v lnh o Kt qu nghin cu v ngha: Yu t lnh o y l tp hp ca cc thnh phn thuc yu t lnh o v yu t c hi o to, thng tin theo m hnh nghin cu ban u. Theo kt qu nghin cu, mc tha mn v lnh o tng quan cng chiu vi mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng ti Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An. Theo kt qu nghin cu, mc tha mn v lnh o l 3.4378, thp hn so vi mc tha mn chung ca ton cng ty l 3.5226. Trong , thnh phn s h tr ca cp trn (gi tr l 3.6386), s tham kho kin nhn vin ca cp trn (gi tr l 3.7651) v Lnh o c tc phong lch s, ho nh (gi tr l
4.0301) c nh gi cao hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o. Thnh phn o

to cho cng vic v pht trin ngh nghip (gi tr 3.2349), c hi thng tin (gi tr l 2.8313) v c hi pht trin c nhn (gi tr 3.1265) c nh gi thp hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o. Nguyn nhn Theo kt qu nghin cu, thnh phn s h tr ca cp trn, s tham kho kin nhn vin ca cp trn v lnh o c tc phong lch s, ho nh c nh gi cao hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o. Thnh phn o to cho cng vic v pht trin ngh nghip, c hi thng tin v c hi pht trin c nhn c nh gi thp hn gi tr trung bnh ca yu t lnh o. Kt qu trn l do lnh o cng ty cng c s quan tm, h tr nhn vin trong cng vic v c s ghi nhn ca nhn vin. Tuy nhin do cha lm tt cng tc o to pht trin ngh cng nh cha

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to c hi thng tin, c hi pht trin c nhn cho nhn vin nn nhng yu t ny cha c nhn vin nh gi tt. xut gii php: Do , nng cao mc tha mn v lnh o lnh o, cng ty cn phi thc hin mt s gii php sau: Lnh o phi to c s tin tng, n trng ca nhn vin. Lnh o cn c tc phong lch thip, ha nh, lun lng nghe nhng tm t, nguyn vng ca nhn vin. Lnh o cng nn h tr nhn vin trong nhng trng hp nhn vin gp kh khn khng th t gii quyt c. c bit, vn i x cng bng vi nhn vin phi c bit c ch bi v y l vn ht sc nhy cm, nu x l khng ng s gy c ch cho nhn vin, lm cho nhn vin cm thy bt mn v lnh o cng nh bt mn chung v cng vic. Bn cnh , chnh sch v o to, thng tin cng phi c ch trng. Cng ty nn to iu kin cho ngi lao ng c hc tp nng cao kin thc phc v cho cng vic ca h. Song song phi c chnh sch thng tin minh bch, r rng v thc thi chnh sch thng tin , to iu kin cho nhng ngi c nng lc, c ng gp nhiu cho cng ty c hi thng tin to ng lc lm vic cho h cng nh kch thch, ng vin tt c ngi lao ng khc ca cng ty. 5.4. HN CH CA NGHIN CU V HNG NGHIN CU TIP THEO 5.4.1 Hn ch ca nghin cu: Cng nh bt k nghin cu no, nghin cu ny cng cn mt s hn ch: Mt l, nghin cu ny ch thc hin i vi Cng ty c phn C kh Ch to my Long An cho nn ch c gi tr thc tin i vi cng ty, i vi nhng cng ty khc th c th s c kt qu khc. Nu nghin cu ny c lp li nhng cng ty khc hot ng trong lnh vc c kh ch to th nghin cu c th s c so snh v xy dng mt h thng thang o chung cho ngnh c kh ch to. y cng l mt hng cho nghin cu tip theo. Hai l, nghin cu ny thc hin ti mt thi im c s bin ng mnh v gi c v chi ph sinh hot nh hng n thi ca ngi c kho st nn c th lm cho kt qu nghin cu b phin din.

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Ba l, y l nghin cu u tin ca cng ty v lnh vc ny nn c th ngi c kho st cn b ng vi phng php cng nh ngha ca cc phng n tr li. iu ny phn no s nh hng n tin cy ca cc phng n tr li. Bn l, nghin cu cha a vo nhng yu t x hi c nh hng n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng. 5.4.2 Hng nghin cu tip theo: Trong thi gian ti, hon thin m hnh o lng s tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng p dng chung cho cc doanh nghip ti Vit Nam cn phi thc hin cc vn sau: Tin hnh o lng trn phm vi ln hn, s lng mu kho st phi a dng vi nhiu loi hnh doanh nghip, a dng v mt a l cng nh quy m doanh nghip. S lng mu kho st phi ln m bo tin cy ca nghin cu. Nghin cu cn b sung thm mt s yu t nh: phc li, vn ha cng ty, danh ting ca cng ty...hay nhng yu t x hi nh: gia nh, bn b...vo m hnh xc nh c s tng quan gia nhng yu t ny n mc tha mn trong cng vic ca ngi lao ng hay khng v nu c th mc cao hay thp.

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