Nguyn nh Hnh ( ST)

S GD&T NGH AN

K THI TUYN SINH VO LP 10

TRNG THPT CHUYN PHAN BI CHU
NM HC 2010 - 2011

thi chnh thc

Mn thi: HA HC
Thi gian: 120 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Cu 1 (3,5 im). Dn lung kh CO d qua hn hp cc cht: BaO, CuO, Fe3O4, Al2O3 nung nng (cc
cht c s mol bng nhau). Kt thc cc phn ng thu c cht rn X v kh Y. Cho X vo H2O (ly d)
thu c dung dch E v phn khng tan Q. Cho Q vo dung dch AgNO3 (s mol AgNO3 bng hai ln
tng s mol cc cht trong hn hp ban u) thu c dung dch T v cht rn F. Ly kh Y cho sc qua
dung dch T c dung dch G v kt ta H.
1. Xc nh thnh phn cc cht ca X, Y, E, Q, F, T, G, H.
2.Vit cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra.
Cu 2 (2,5 im). Nu hin tng, vit cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra trong cc th nghim sau:
1. Cho Na vo dung dch CuSO4.
2. Cho t t n d dung dch KOH vo dung dch AlCl3.
3. Cho bt Cu vo dung dch FeCl3.
4. Cho rt t t n d dung dch HCl vo dung dch K2CO3 v khuy u.
Cu 3 (4,0 im). 1. Axit CH3 CH = CH COOH va c tnh cht ha hc tng t axit axetic va c
tnh cht ha hc tng t etilen. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra gia axit trn vi: K, KOH,
C2H5OH (c mt H2SO4 c, un nng) v dung dch nc brom minh ha nhn xt trn.
2. Cho s bin ha:
PE
A B C D E F G H
Hy gn cc cht: C4H10, CH4, C2H4, C2H2L
, CH
3COONa, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3COOC2H5, CH2=CHCl
PVC
ng vi cc ch ci (khng trng lp) trong s trn v vit cc phng trnh ha hc thc hin s
bin ha .
Cu 4 (5,0 im). Cho x gam mt mui halogen ca mt kim loi kim tc dng vi 250 ml dung dch
H2SO4 c, nng (va ). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp sn phm A trong c
mt kh B (mi trng thi). Cho kh B tc dng vi dung dch Pb(NO3)2 (d) thu c 47,8 gam kt ta
mu en. Phn sn phm cn li, lm kh thu c 342,4 gam cht rn T. Nung T n khi lng khng
i, thu c 139,2 gam mui M duy nht.
1. Tnh CM ca dung dch H2SO4 ban u.
2. Xc nh cng thc phn t mui halogen.
3. Tnh x.
Cu 5 (5,0 im). Cho hn hp X gm 3 hidrocacbon A, B, C mch h, th kh ( iu kin thng).
Trong phn t mi cht c th cha khng qu mt lin kt i, trong c 2 cht vi thnh phn phn
trm th tch bng nhau. Trn m gam hn hp X vi 2,688 lt O2 thu c 3,136 lt hn hp kh Y (cc
th tch kh u o ktc). t chy hon ton hn hp Y, ri thu ton b sn phm chy sc t t vo
dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02 M, thu c 2,0 gam kt ta v khi lng dung dch gim i 0,188 gam. un
nng dung dch ny li thu thm 0,2 gam kt ta na (Cho bit cc phn ng ha hc u xy ra hon
ton).
1. Tnh m v th tch dung dch Ca(OH)2 dng.
2. Tm cng thc phn t, cng thc cu to ca 3 hidrocacbon.
3. Tnh thnh phn % th tch ca 3 hidrocacbon trong hn hp X.
Cho : H =1 ; Li = 7 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ; F = 19 ; Na = 23 ; S = 32 ; Cl = 35,5 ; K = 39 ; Ca = 40 ;
Br = 80, I = 127 ; Ba = 137 ; Pb = 207.

--------------------------- Ht ---------------------------H v tn th sinh:.................................................................. S bo danh:.......................

Nguyn nh Hnh ( ST)

S GD&T NGH AN

K THI TUYN SINH VO LP 10

TRNG THPT CHUYN PHAN BI CHU
NM HC 2010 - 2011

HNG DN V BIU IM CHM CHNH THC

(Hng dn v biu im chm gm 04 trang)

Mn: HA HC
---------------------------------------------CU
NI DUNG
1
Gi s mol mi oxit l a s mol AgNO3 l 8a
3,5 + Phn ng khi cho CO d qua hn hp cc cht nung nng:
im
t 0C
CO + CuO
Cu + CO2

IM
0,25
(1)

a (mol)
a (mol) a (mol)
t 0C
4CO + Fe3O4 3Fe + 4CO2
(2)
a (mol)
3a (mol) 4a (mol)
Thnh phn ca X: Cu = a (mol); Fe = 3a (mol); BaO = a (mol); Al2O3 = a (mol)
Thnh phn kh Y: CO2 = 5a (mol); CO d
+ Phn ng khi cho X vo nc d:
BaO + H2O
Ba(OH)2
(3)
a (mol)
a (mol)
Al2O3 + Ba(OH)2 Ba(AlO2)2 + H2O
(4)
a (mol) a (mol)
a (mol)
Thnh phn dung dch E: Ba(AlO2)2 = a(mol)
Thnh phn Q: Cu = a(mol); Fe = 3a(mol)
+ Phn ng khi cho Q vo dung dch AgNO3:
Trc ht: Fe + 2AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag
(5)
3a (mol) 6a (mol)
3a(mol)
6a(mol)
Sau :
Cu + 2AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
(6)
a(mol) 2a(mol)
a(mol)
2a(mol)
Thnh phn dung dch T: Fe(NO3)2 = 3a(mol); Cu(NO3)2 = a(mol)
Thnh phn F: Ag = 8a(mol).
* Nu khng vit 2 phn ng (5), (6) xy ra theo th t tr 0,5 im
+ Phn ng khi cho kh Y sc qua dung dch T:
2CO2 + 4H2O + Ba(AlO2)2 Ba(HCO3)2 + 2Al(OH)3 (7)
2a (mol)
a(mol)
a(mol)
2a(mol)
Thnh phn dung dch G: Ba(HCO3)2 = a(mol)
Thnh phn H: Al(OH)3 = 2a(mol)
* Nu khng tnh ton s mol m vit y 7 PHH: cho 3,0 im.

2
Cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra:
2,5 1. Hin tng: xut hin bt kh v c kt ta mu xanh
im
2Na
+
2H2O
2NaOH + H2
(1)
NaOH +
CuSO4 Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
(2)
2. Hin tng: xut hin kt ta keo trng, kt ta ln dn n cc i, sau tan dn n ht to
dung dch trong sut
AlCl3
+
3KOH
Al(OH)3 + 3KCl
(3)
Al(OH)3 +
KOH
KAlO2 + 2H2O
(4)
3. Hin tng: Cu tan, dung dch t mu vng nu chuyn sang mu xanh
2FeCl3 +
Cu

2FeCl2 + CuCl2
(5)
4. Hin tng: lc u cha xut hin kh, sau mt lc c kh xut hin
K2CO3 +
HCl

KHCO3 + KCl
(6)
KHCO3 +
HCl

KCl
+ H2O + CO2 (7)

0,75

0,75

1,0

0,75

2,5

Nguyn nh Hnh ( ST)

* Nu 4 hin tng: Cho 0,75 im

* Vit ng 7 PHH: Cho 7 . 0,25 = 1,75 im
3
1. Cc phng trnh ha hc minh ha:
4,0
2CH3 CH = CH COOH + 2K 2CH3 CH = CH COOK+ H2
im
CH3 CH = CH COOH + KOH CH3 CH = CH COOK+ H2O
H 2 SOc
t, 0
4

CH3 CH = CH COOC2H5 + H2O

CH3 CH = CH COOH + C2H5OH

CH3 CH = CH COOH
+ Br2 CH3 CHBr CHBr COOH
2. Gn cc cht nh sau:
A: C4H10; B: CH3COOH; C: CH3COONa; D:CH4; E: C2H2; F: C2H4 ; G: C2H5OH; H:
CH3COOC2H5; L: CH2 = CHCl
t0
PTHH: 2C4H10 +
5O2
4CH3COOH + 2H2O
(1)

CH3COOH + NaOH
CH3COONa + H2O
(2)
t0
CH4 + Na2CO3
CH3COONa(r) + NaOH(r)
(3)
CaO
2CH4

1500 C

C2H2 + 3H2
lam lanh nhanh

C2H2 + H2

Pd

C2H4

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

0,5

(4)
(5)

6)
C2H5OH
H 2 SOc
t, 0
4

CH3COOC2H5 + H2O (7)

CH3COOH + C2H5OH

C2H4 + H2O

1,0

H 2 SO4 l

2,5

P ,t , xt
nCH2 = CH2
(8)
(- CH2 - CH2-)n (PE)
0
, xt
CH CH + HCl t
CH2 = CHCl
(9)

P ,t 0 , xt
nCH2 = CHCl (- CH2 - CHCl-)n (PVC)
(10)
* Nu HS khng ghi iu kin, khng cn bng PTHH: tr tng s im mi phng trnh
theo biu im.
* HS c th chn cht khc m tha mn PHH, cho im ti a theo biu im.
4
1.V kh B c mi trng thi, khi tc dng vi dung dch Pb(NO3)2 to kt ta en B l H2S
5,0 + Gi cng thc tng qut ca mui halogen kim loi kim l RX
im PHH:
t0
8RX + 5H2SO4 c
4R2SO4 + H2S + 4X2 + 4H2O
(1)
1,0
0,8
0,2 0,8
(C th hc sinh vit 2 phng trnh ha hc lin tip cng c)
Kh B tc dng vi dung dch Pb(NO3)2
H2S + Pb(NO3)2 PbS + 2HNO3
(2)
47,8
0,2
= 0,2 (mol)
239
Theo phng trnh phn ng (1) nH 2 SO4 = 1,0 (mol)
1, 0
C M H 2 SO4 =
= 4,0(M)
0, 25
2.+ Sn phm A c: R2SO4, X2, H2O, H2S
cht rn T c: R2SO4, X2 . Khi nung T, X2 bay hi mR2 SO4 = 139,2g.
mX 2 = 342,4 139,2 = 203,2 (g)

M X2

Theo (1)
nX 2 = 0,8(mol )
203, 2
=
= 254 Mx = 127 vy X l It (I)
0,8

139,2
= 174 R = 39 R l Kali (K)
0,8
Vy: CTPT mui halogen l: KI
3. Tm x:
Da vo (1) n RX = 8 n H 2 S = 1,6 (mol)
Ta c M M 2 SO4 = 2R + 96 =

0,5
1,0

0,5

1,5

0,5
1,0

Nguyn nh Hnh ( ST)

x = (39 + 127). 1,6 = 265,6 (g)

5
2, 688
3,136
n
O
5,0
2
= 22, 4 = 0,12 (mol), n hn hp Y = 22, 4 = 0,14 (mol)
im 1.
n hn hp X = 0,14 0,12 = 0,02 (mol)
t cng thc trung bnh ca A, B, C l: C x H y
y
t0
C x H y + ( x + y )O2
H2O
(1)
x CO2 +
4
2
Hn hp sn phm t chy Y gm CO2, H2O, O2 (c th d), sc sn phm chy vo dung dch
Ca(OH)2, c PHH
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
(2)
2CO2 + Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2
(3)
t0
Ca(HCO3)2
CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 (4)

0,25

PHH:

2, 0
= 0,02 (mol)
100
0, 2
t (3), (4) nCO2 = 2 nCaCO3 (3) = 2.
= 0,004 (mol)
100
Vy: Tng s mol CO2 sn phm chy to ra: 0,02 + 0,004 = 0,024 (mol)
mdd gim = mCaCO3 (2) - ( mCO2 + mH 2O ) = 0,188 (g)
mH 2O = 2,0 - 0,024. 44 0,188 = 0,756 (g)
T (2)

nH 2O =

nCO2 = nCaCO3 (2)

0, 756
= 0,042 (mol)
18

Theo nh lut BTKL: mX = mC + mH = 0,024.12 + 0,042. 2 = 0,372 (gam)

nCa(OH)2 = nCa(OH)2 (2) + nCa(OH)2 (3) = 0,02 + 0,002 = 0,022 (mol)
0, 022
V =
= 1,1 (lt)
0, 02
2. nCn H 2 n+2 = nH 2O - nCO2 = 0,042 0,024 = 0,018 (mol)
0, 024
= 1,2 trong X c mt cht l CH4
0, 02
Vy 3 hidrocacbon c th c CTTQ thuc cc loi CnH2n + 2, CmH2m (V 3 hidrocacbon c ti a
mt lin kt i)
Chia X thnh 3 trng hp:
Trng hp 1: X c 3 hirocacbon u c CTTQ CnH2n + 2
nX = nH 2O - nCO2 = 0,018 < 0,02 loi
Trng hp 2: X gm CH4, mt hirocacbon c CTTQ CnH2n + 2 v mt hirocacbon c CTTQ
CmH2m (n,m 4; m 2)
t nCH 4 = x (mol), nCn H 2 n+2 = y mol, nCm H 2 m = z mol
Ta c: x + y = 0,018 mol
z = 0,02 0,018 = 0,002 mol
0, 018
a) Nu: x = y =
= 0,009
2
nC = 0,009 .1+ 0,009 . n + 0,002. m = 0,024
9n + 2m = 15
2
3
4
m
1
11
7
n
9
9
(loi)
T nCO2 ; nX x =

0,5

0,25

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,25

Nguyn nh Hnh ( ST)

b) Nu: y = z x = 0,018 0,002 = 0,016

nC = 0,016 . 1 + 0,002n + 0,002m = 0,024 n + m = 4
m
n

2
2

3
1

4
0

0,25

Chn cp nghim: C2H6, C2H4

Vy cng thc phn t ca hn hp X: CH4, C2H6, C2H4
H
CTCT: CH3 CH3 , CH2 = CH2
H C H

0,25

H
c) Nu x= z = 0,02 y = 0,016
nC = 0,002 . 1 + 0,016n + 0,002m = 0,024 8n + m = 11
m
n

2
9
8

3
1

4
7
8

0,25

(loi)
Trng hp 3: X gm CH4, mt hirocacbon c CTTQ CnH2n v mt hirocacbon c CTTQ
CmH2m (2 n,m 4)
t nCH 4 = x (mol), nCn H 2 n = y mol, nCm H 2 m = z mol
nH 2O - nCO2 = 0,018 y + z = 0,02 0,018 = 0,002 mol
v x phi khc y v z y = z = 0,001
nC = 0,018 . 1 + 0,001n + 0,001m = 0,024
n+m=6
2
3
m
4
3
n

0,25
4
2

Chn: C2H4, C4H8

CTCT ca C4H8
CH3 CH = CH CH3

CH2 = CH CH2 CH3

CH2 = C CH3

0,25

CH3
3.a) Trng hp: CH4, C2H6, C2H4
0,016
%CH4 =
. 100% = 80% , %C2H6= %C2H4 = 10%
0,02
b) Trng hp: CH4, C2H4, C4H8
0,018
%CH4 =
. 100% = 90% , %C2H4= %C4H8 = 5%
0,02

0,5