K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

Khi qut chung

ABS,EBD v BA

tng v chc nng ca ABS (H thng phanh chng b cng) trnh cho cc lp khng b b cng v lm mt kh nng quay v lng trong khi phanh khn cp, nn lp li ng tc p v nh bn p phanh nhiu ln. Tuy nhin, khng c thi gian thc hin vic ny trong khi phanh khn cp. H thng ABS dng mt my tnh xc nh tnh trng quay ca 4 bnh xe trong khi phanh v c th t ng p v nh phanh. S khc nhau v t l gia tc ca xe v tc ca cc bnh xe c gi l h s trt. Khi s chnh lch gia tc ca xe v tc ca cc bnh xe tr nn qu ln, s quay trt s xy ra gia cc lp v mt ng. iu ny cng to nn ma st v cui cng c th tc ng nh mt lc phanh v lm chm tc ca xe. Mi quan h gia lc phanh v h s trt c th hiu r hn qua th bn tri. Lc phanh khng t l vi h s trt, v t c cc i khi h s trt nm trong khong 10-30% Vt qu 30%, lc phanh s gim dn. Do , duy tr mc ti a ca lc phanh, cn phi duy tr h s trt trong gii hn 10-30% mi thi im. Ngoi ra, cng cn phi gi lc quay vng mc cao duy tr s n nh v hng. thc hin iu ny, ngi ta thit k h thng ABS tng hiu sut phanh ti a bng cch s dng h s trt l 10-30% bt k cc iu kin ca mt ng, ng thi gi lc quay vng cng cao cng tt duy tr s n nh v hng. Gi : 1. Trn cc mt ng trn c h s ma st (m) thp, v qung ng phanh tng ln so vi cc mt ng c tr s m cao, nn ngay c khi c ABS tc ng, vn phi gim tc khi chy trn cc mt ng . 2. Trn cc ng th nhm, hoc trn si hoc ng c tuyt mi, tc ng ca ABS c th dn n qung ng hm di hn cc xe khng lp ABS. Ngoi ra, ting ng v rung pht sinh khi tc ng ABS bo cho ngi li bit rng ABS ang hot ng. (1/1)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

Cu to

ABS,EBD v BA Khi qut chung H thng ABS c cc b phn sau y 1. ECU iu khin trt B phn ny xc nh mc trt gia bnh xe v mt ng da vo cc tn hiu t cc cm bin, v iu khin b chp hnh ca phanh. Gn y, mt s kiu xe c ECU iu khin trt lp trong b chp hnh ca phanh. 2. B chp hnh ca phanh B chp hnh ca phanh iu khin p sut thu lc ca cc xilanh bnh xe bng tn hiu ra ca ECU iu khin trt. 3. Cm bin tc Cm bin tc pht hin tc ca tng bnh xe v truyn tn hiu n ECU iu khin trt. 4. ng h tp l (1) n bo ca ABS Khi ECU pht hin thy s trc trc ABS hoc h thng h tr phanh, n ny bt sng bo cho ngi li. 2) n bo h thng phanh Khi n ny sng ln ng thi vi n bo ca ABS, n bo cho ngi li bit rng c trc trc h thng ABS v EBD. Gi : Khi ECU iu khin trt b hng Bnh thng, n bo ny khng sng ln do tn hiu ca ECU truyn n ng h tp l hoc rle iu khin ABS. Nu ECU b hng v khng c tn hiu, n bo ca ABS, n bo h thng phanh, n bo ngt TRC ( cc xe c trang b TRC), v n bo VSC ( cc xe c trang b VSC) lun bt sng.

(1/1)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA 5. Cng tc n phanh Cng tc ny pht hin bn p phanh c p xung v truyn tn hiu n ECU iu khin trt ABS s dng tn hiu ca cng tc n phanh. Tuy nhin d tn hiu cng tc n phanh v cng tc n phanh b hng, vic iu khin ABS vn c thc hin khi cc lp b b cng. Trong trng hp ny, vic iu khin bt u khi h s trt tr nn cao hn (cc bnh xe c xu hng kho cng) so vi khi cng tc n phanh hot ng bnh thng. 6. Cm bin gim tc (ch c mt s kiu xe) Cm bin gim tc cm nhn mc gim tc ca xe v truyn tn hiu n ECU iu khin trt. B ECU nh gi chnh xc cc iu kin ca mt ng bng cc tn hiu ny v s thc hin cc bin php iu khin thch hp. (1/1)

iu khin

ECU iu khin trt 1. Khi qut chung Da vo tn hiu ca cc cm bin tc , ECU iu khin trt cm nhn tc quay ca cc bnh xe cng nh tc ca xe. Trong khi phanh, mc d tc quay ca cc bnh xe gim xung, mc gim tc s thay i tu theo c tc ca xe trong khi phanh v cc tnh trng ca mt ng, nh mt ng nha kh, t hoc c bng, v.v... Ni khc i, ECU nh gi mc trt gia cc bnh xe v mt ng t s thay i tc quay ca bnh xe trong khi phanh v iu khin cc van in t ca b chp hnh ca phanh theo 3 ch : gim p sut, gi p sut v tng p sut iu khin ti u tc ca cc bnh xe. (1/4)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA

2. iu khin ECU lin tc nhn c cc tn hiu tc ca bnh xe t 4 cm bin tc , v c tnh tc ca xe bng cch tnh ton tc v s gim tc ca mi bnh xe. Khi p bn p phanh, p sut thu lc trong mi xilanh bnh xe bt u tng ln, v tc ca bnh xe bt u gim xung. Nu bt k bnh xe no dng nh sp b b cng, ECU s gim p sut thu lc trong xilanh ca bnh xe . (1) iu chnh tc ca bnh xe <1> Khong A ECU iu khin trt t cc van in t vo ch gim p sut theo mc gim tc ca cc bnh xe, nh vy s gim p sut thu lc trong xilanh ca bnh xe. Sau khi p sut h xung, ECU chuyn cc van in t sang ch gi theo di s thay i tc ca bnh xe. Nu ECU cho rng cn tip tc gim p sut thu lc, n s li gim p sut ny. <2> Khong B Khi p sut thu lc bn trong xilanh ca bnh xe gim (khong A), p sut thu lc tc ng vo bnh xe ny gim xung. iu ny lm cho bnh xe sp b kho cht s tng tc . Tuy nhin, nu p sut thu lc gim xung, lc phanh tc ng vo bnh xe ny s tr nn qu thp. trnh iu ny, ECU t cc van in t ln lt vo ch tng p sut v ch gi bnh xe sp b kho s hi phc tc . <3> Khong C Khi p sut thu lc trong xilanh ca bnh xe c ECU tng ln dn dn (khong B), bnh xe li c xu hng b kho. Do , ECU li chuyn cc van in t v ch gim p sut gim p sut bn trong xilanh ca bnh xe ny. <4> Khong D V p sut thu lc trong xilanh ca bnh xe ny li gim (khong C), ECU li bt u tng p sut nh trong khong B (2/4)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA

(2) Chc nng kim tra ban u ECU iu khin trt iu khin cc van in t v cc mt bm theo trnh t kim tra h thng in ca ABS. Chc nng ny hot ng mi khi bt kho in sang v tr ON v xe ang chy tc ln hn 6 km/h, vi n phanh tt OFF. N ch hot ng mt ln sau mi khi kho in bt ON. (3/4)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA (3) Chc nng chn on Nu mt s c xy ra bt c mt h thng no trong cc h thng tn hiu, n bo ca ABS trong ng h tp l s sng ln, nh c ch r trong bng bn tri, v bo cho ngi li rng mt s c xy ra. ng thi, cc DTC (cc m chn on h hng) c lu gi trong b nh. C th c cc DTC bng cch ni my chn on vo DLC3 trc tip ni thng vi ECU hoc gy ra mt on mch gia cc cc TC v CG ca DLC3 v quan st cch nhp nhy ca n bo ABS. H thng ny c chc nng kim tra tn hiu ca cm bin. C th c cc tn hiu ca cm bin bng cch ni my chn on vi DLC3 hoc gy ra mt on mch gia cc cc TS v CG ca DLC 3 v quan st cch nhp nhy ca n bo ABS. bit cc chi tit v cc DTC c lu gi b nh ca ECU iu khin trt v cc DTC c a ra thng qua chc nng kim tra cm bin, hy tham kho sch hng dn sa cha. C th xo cc DTC bng cch ni my chn on vi DLC3 hoc gy ra mt on mch gia cc cc TC v CG ca gic ni kim tra v p bn p phanh 8 hoc nhiu ln trong khong 5 giy. (4) Chc nng an ton Nu ECU iu khin trt pht hin mt s c trong h tn hiu hoc trong rle, dng in chy n b chp hnh t ECU s b ngt. Do , h thng phanh hot ng mc d ABS khng hot ng, nh vy m bo c cc chc nng phanh bnh thng. (4/4)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

Hot ng

ABS,EBD v BA B chp hnh ca phanh 1. Khi qut chung B chp hnh ca phanh gm c van in t gi p sut, van in t gim p sut, bm, mt v bnh cha. Khi b chp hnh nhn c tn hiu t ECU iu khin trt, van in t ng hoc ngt v p sut thu lc ca xilanh bnh xe tng ln, gim xung hoc c gi ti u ho mc trt cho mi bnh xe. Ngoi ra, mch thu lc cn thay i p ng yu cu ca mi loi iu khin.

(1/3) 2. Hot ng Mch thu lc trong ABS ca cc xe FF c chia thnh h thng ca bnh trc bn phi v bnh sau bn tri v h thng ca bnh trc bn tri v bnh sau bn phi nh th hin s . Sau y ch trnh by hot ng ca mt h thng trong cc h thng ny, v cc h thng khc cng hot ng nh vy.

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA (1) Trong khi phanh bnh thng (khi h thng khng hot ng) Trong khi phanh bnh thng, tn hiu iu khin t ECU iu khin trt khng c a vo. V vy cc van in t gi v gim ngt, ca (a) bn van in t gi p sut m, cn ca (b) pha van in t gim p sut ng. Khi p bn p phanh, du t xilanh chnh chy qua ca (a) pha van in t gi v c truyn trc tip ti xilanh bnh xe. Lc ny hot ng ca van mt chiu (2) ngn cn du phanh truyn n pha bm. (2) Trong khi phanh khn cp (khi ABS hot ng)

<1> Ch gim p sut Tn hiu iu khin t ECU iu khin trt ng mch cc van in t gi v gim p sut bng cch ng ca (a) pha van in t gi p sut, v m ca (b) pha van in t gim p sut. Vic ny lm cho du phanh chy qua ca (b) n bnh cha gim p sut thu lc trong xilanh bnh xe. Lc , ca (e) ng li do du chy xung bnh cha. Bm tip tc chy trong khi ABS ang hot ng, v vy du phanh chy vo bnh cha c bm ht tr v xilanh chnh.

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA <2> Ch gi Tn hiu iu khin t ECU iu khin trt ng mch van in t gi p sut v ngt van in t gim p sut bng cch ng kn ca (a) v ca (b). iu ny ngt p sut thu lc c hai pha xilanh chnh v bnh cha gi p sut thu lc ca xilanh bnh xe khng i.

<3> Ch tng p sut Tn hiu iu khin t ECU iu khin trt ngt cc van in t gi v gim p sut bng cch m ca (a) pha van in t gi p sut v ng ca (b) pha van in t gim p ging nh trong khi phanh bnh thng. iu ny lm cho p sut thu lc t xilanh chnh tc ng vo xilanh bnh xe, lm cho p sut thu lc ca xilanh bnh xe tng ln. Gi : Van in t chuyn i h tr phanh ch s dng cc xe c trang b BA.

(2/3)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA 3. Phng php kim tra Khi kim tra hot ng ca b chp hnh ca phanh, kh thc hin vic kim tra khi xe ang chy thc t, v vy s s dng phng php sau y to ra cc tn hiu m phng m phng v kim tra tnh trng hot ng ca ABS. (1) Khi s dng SST Ni SST v b chp hnh bng dy in pha SST v pha xe nh th hin hnh mnh ho bn tri. SST truyn tn hiu c m phng n b chp hnh lm cho c cu ny lm vic, thc hin vic kim tra b chp hnh ca phanh. (2) Khi s dng my chn on Ni my chn on vi DLC3. Dng cch th kch hot cho b chp hnh ca phanh vn hnh v sau kim tra c cu ny. (3/3)

Cc loi b chp hnh

Mch thu lc B chp hnh ca phanh c cc loi sau y 1. Van in t 2- v tr (4) c van iu khin lu lng (4) Van iu khin lu lng c iukhin bng c hc (Vn hnh khng theo ch th trc tip t ECU) iu khin p sut thu lc ca tng phanh.

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA 2. Van in t 2- v tr (6) c van tng p sut (2) Van tng p sut iu khin bng c hc iu khin p sut ca phanh bnh sau cng vi van in t ca bnh sau.

3. Van in t 3-v tr (3) c van c hc (1) Van c hc hot ng iu chnh p sut thu lc ca phanh cc bnh sau bn phi v bn tri. (S dng van c hc khi c ng ng cho.)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

ABS,EBD v BA 4. Van in t 3-v tr (4) Van in t 3-v tr iu khin p sut thu lc ca mi phanh da vo tn hiu t ECU.

(1/1) ABS c EBD iu khin 1. Khi qut iu khin EBD dng ABS thc hin vic phn phi lc phanh gia cc bnh trc v sau theo iu kin chy xe. Ngoi ra, trong khi phanh quay vng, n cng iu khin cc lc phanh ca bnh bn phi v bn tri gip duy tr s n nh ca xe. 2. Hot ng (1) Phn phi lc phanh ca cc bnh trc/sau Nu tc ng cc phanh trong khi xe ang chy tin thng, b chuyn ti trng s gim ti trng tc ng ln cc bnh sau. ECU iu khin trt xc nh iu kin ny bng cc tn hiu t cc cm bin tc , v iu khin b chp hnh ABS iu chnh ti u s phn phi lc phanh n cc bnh sau. Chng hn nh, mc ti trng tc ng ln cc bnh sau trong khi phanh s thay i tu theo xe c mang ti hay khng. Mc ti trng tc ng ln cc bnh sau cng thay i theo mc gim tc. Nh vy, s phn phi lc phanh n bnh sau c iu chnh ti u s dng c hiu qu lc phanh ca cc bnh sau theo nhng iu kin ny. (2) Phn phi lc phanh gia cc bnh bn phi/bn tri (trong khi phanh quay vng) Nu tc ng cc phanh trong khi xe ang quay vng, ti trng tc ng vo bnh bn trong s tng ln. ECU iu khin trt xc nh iu kin ny bng cc tn hiu t cc cm bin tc v iu khin b chp hnh iu chnh ti u s phn phi ca lc phanh n bnh xe bn trong. (1/1)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

BA (Tr gip khi phanh)

ABS,EBD v BA

iu khin 1. Khi qut i khi nhng ngi cha quen li xe hoc nhng ngi d ht hong mc d quen li xe khng p bn p phanh mnh trong khi phanh khn cp tn dng tnh nng ca h thng phanh. BA l mt h thng s dng cm bin p sut bn trong b chp hnh ABS pht hin tc v lc khi ang nhn phanh cho php my vi tnh d kin mun phanh khn cp ca ngi li tng lc phanh nhm t c tnh nng ti a ca h thng phanh. BA cng t thi gian h tr v mc h tr lm cho cm gic v phanh cng t nhin cng tt bng cch iu chnh h tr theo yu cu nh th hin trn th hnh v. Gi : Trc y, ngi ta s dng cm bin hnh trnh ca phanh cc xe c trang b BA pht hin mc nhn bn p phanh.

(1/2)

2. Hot ng Khi ECU iu khin trt xc nh rng ngi li ang phanh khn cp, van in t chuyn mch h tr phanh c ng mch, to thnh mt ng thng gia xilanh chnh v bnh cha, v chuyn du n bm. Bm ht du v y n xilanh bnh xe. Van an ton 4 m ra bo m rng p sut ca xilanh bnh xe khng vt p sut ca xilanh chnh qu mt mc t trc duy tr chnh p sut ny.

(2/2)

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh Bi tp

ABS,EBD v BA

Hy s dng cc bi tp ny kim tra mc hiu bit ca bn v cc ti liu trong chng ny. Sau khi tr li mi bi tp, bn c th dng nt tham kho kim tra cc trang lin quan n cu hi v cu hi hin ti. Khi cc bn c cu tr li ng, hy tr v vn bn duyt li ti liu v tm cu tr li ng. Khi tr li ng mi cu hi, bn c th chuyn sang chng tip theo.

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

Cu hi-1
Hy nh du ng hoc Sai cho mi cu y. No. Cu hi ABS (H thng phanh chng b cng) iu khin p sut thu lc bng ng ng ng ng Sai Sai Sai Sai ng hoc Sai

ABS,EBD v BA

Cc cu tr li ng

1. xilanh chnh v trnh cho lp b kho. 2.

ABS hot ng khi h s trt ca lp v mt ng vt qu 30%.

H thng ABS c EBD (phn phi lc phanh bng in t) phn phi lc 3.phanh ph hp vo cc bnh xe theo tnh trng ca xe. H thng BA (h tr khi phanh) ci thin lc phanh khi ECU iu khin 4.trt xc nh rng phanh khn cp ang hot ng.

Cu hi-2
th di y th hin s iu khin ca ECU iu khin trt. Hy chn s m lp b kho. 0 Hai ln Su ln Tm ln

1. 2. 3. 4.

Cu hi-3
T cc cm bin sau y, hy chn cm bin c dng trong ABS. Cm bin lch xe Cm bin tc du vo ca tua-bin Cm bin xoay v lng Cm bin tc

1. 2. 3. 4.

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K thut vin chn on H thng phanh

Cu hi-4
Hy chn thi gian khi ABS thc hin vic kim tra ban u. Nhn phanh vi kho in v tr OFF. Trong 30 giy sau khi dng ng c. Trong khi ng c chy khng ti. Khi xe ang chy tc ln hn 6 km/h vi cng tc n phanh v tr OFF (Ngt).

ABS,EBD v BA

1. 2. 3. 4.

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