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an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 1
TNH TON PH TI PHN XNG
1.1 T VN :
Thc t cho thy, phu tai in cua cng trinh khng ngng tng ln nn vic
thit k cung cp in at c kt qua tt thi khi thit k cung cp in cho mt
cng trinh nao o du ln hay nho thi nhim vu u tin t ra cho ngi thit k la
phai xac inh ph tai in cua cng trinh, nhu cu s dung in cung nh thi gian
s dung phu tai cc ai.Tuy theo mc phat trin cua cng trinh ma phu tai in
phai c xac inh theo phu tai thc t hoc tinh n kha nng phat trin, m rng
cua cng trinh trong tng lai. Luc nay, ngi thit k phai giai bai toan d bao phu
tai ngn han va dai han. Thng thng co ba loai d bao chu yu:
+ D bao tm ngn: khoang 1 n 2 nm
+ D bao tm va: khoang 3 n 10 nm
+ D bao tm xa hay dai han:khoang 15 n 20 nm va dai hn.
Tm d bao cang ngn thi chinh xac cang cao. Do o, vic xac inh nhu
cu v in chinh la xac inh phu tai cua cng trinh ngay sau khi a vao vn hanh.
Phu tai nay thng c goi la phu tai tinh toan.
- Khi thit k, ta phai xac inh c phu tai tinh toan chon cac thit bi in
nh: may bin ap, dy dn, cac thit bi ong ct, bao v, la chon cng sut ngun,
in ap ngun, la chon thit bi bu..Vy phu tai tinh toan la s liu quan trong
thit k cung cp in.
- Phu tai in phu thuc vao nhiu yu t nh: cng sut, s lng cac thit bi,
ch vn hanh cua chung, qui trinh cng ngh san xut, nh vy vic thit k
cung cp in la mt nhim vu kho khn, c bit la phai am bao ung yu cu thit
k nu phu tai tinh toan nho hn phu tai thc t thi se lam giam tui tho cua cac thit
bi in, n n chay n rt nguy him. Nu phu tai tinh toan ln hn phu tai thc t
nhiu thi cac thit bi chon se qua ln so vi yn cu, do o gy lang phi.
- Do phu tai tinh toan phu thuc vao nhiu yu t khac nhau nn vic vic tinh
toan chinh xac la kho co th thc hin c mc du hin nay a co nhiu phng
phap tinh toan phu tai in nhng mi phng phap u co nhng han ch ring:
phng phap dn gian thi cho kt qua khng chinh xac con phng phap cho kt qua
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

chinh xac lai qua phc tap, vi vy trong thit k, khi n gian cng thc xac dinh
phu tai in thi cho phep sai s 10%.
1.2. C IM PHN XNG 7
Phn xng 7 vi tng din tich mt bng F = 54 x 18 (m2), phn xng cao 8
m tinh t mt mt t, nn xi mng,phn xng dng mi tn km, ton b phn
xng c 5 ca ra vo hai cnh ( mt ca chinh va bn ca phu). Phn xng gm co
phong KCS, kho va phn din tich b tri thit bi ( bao gm 34 thit bi) va ni lam
vic cua cng nhn, ngoai ra con co h thng chiu sang. Phu
tai cua phn xng chu yu la ng c va may han, thit bi chiu sang, phn xng
ly in t ng dy 22kv, ng dy mt l (phu tai loai 3).
1.3.THNG S VA S MT BNG PHN XNG 7
1.3.1 Bang thng s thit bi phn xng 7:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
84
9
10
11
12

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
48
9
10
11
12

S
lng

3
2
5
3
5
1
2
2 3
3
63
3
2

Pm ( Kw)

Cos

Ksd

12.0
18.0
5.0
11.0
11.0
7.0
14.0
11.0
5.0
12.0
16.0
18.0

0.7
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7 9
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.7

0.7
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.7
90.8
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.9

2
1

Ghi chu

12
5

12

11

11

1.3.2. S b tri may trn mt bng phn xng 7:

10

18000

STT

Ky hiu
trn mt
bng

3 H 3Quang3
SVTH: Nguyn
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV:
06402230KHO
KCS
8 - MSSV: 06402243

54000

11

1
0

1
0

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

NHM 3

NHM 2

NHM 1

NHM 4

1.4. PHN NHOM PHU TAI


1.4.1 PHN NHOM PHU TAI TINH TOAN
Cn c vao vic b tri thit bi cua phn xng va yu cu lam vic thun tin
nht, lam vic co hiu qua nht thng qua cac chc nng hoat ng cua cac thit
bi. Ngoai cac yu cu v ky thut thi ta phai at yu cu v kinh t, khng nn qua
nhiu cac nhom lam vic ng thi, qua nhiu tu ng lc nh th se khng am bao
tinh kinh t.
Tuy nhin, mt s yu t quan trong am bao cac yu cu trn la phai chu y
n vn phn loai phu tai. Vi phn nhom phu tai se quyt inh tu phn phi trong
phn xng, s tuyn dy vao ra cua tu phn phi.
- Vic phn nhom phu tai phai am bao cac yu t sau:
+ Cac thit bi trong cung mt nhom nn co cung chc nng.
+ Phn nhom theo khu vc ( cac thit bi gn nhau thi phn cung mt nhom).
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

+ Phn nhom cn phai chu y phn u cng sut cho cac nhom hoc chnh
lch cng sut gia cac pha nho.
+ Phn nhom da vao dong tai cung nhom gn vi dong tai cua CB chun hay
s nhom, khng nn qua nhiu tuy thuc vao quy m cua phn xng. Ngoai
ra, con cn c vao vi tri lp t cua thit bi, tinh cht, ch va khu vc lam
vic.
+ S nhom khng nn qua nhiu ( khoang t 2 n 4 nhom).
+ Trong cung mt tuyn dy cung cp t tu phn phi thi khng nn khng
nn b tri thit bi co cng sut ln cui tuyn.
- n gian cho vic thit k, ta chia phu tai thanh hai nhom phu tai: phu tai ng
lc va phu tai chiu sang. Tai mi nhom, ta t tu ng lc cho cac thit bi va cac
thit bi chiu sang, cac thit bi c chia thanh tng nhom nho nh cac bang bn
di:
Nhom th nht gm co 11 thit bi c phn b gn nhau:
Nhom 1
SST
1
2
3
4
5

Ki hiu trn
mt bng
1
2
3
5
8

Tng

S lng

Pmj ( Kw)

Pmj ( Kw)

Cos j

Ksd

3
2
3
2
1

12.0
18.0
11.0
11.0
11.0

36.0
36.0
33.0
22.0
11.0

0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7

0.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.8

Cos j

Ksd

11

138.0

Nhom th hai gm co 6 thit bi c phn b gn nhau


SST
Ki hiu trn
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

S lng

Nhom 2
Pmj ( Kw)
Pmj ( Kw)

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in
mt bng
1
3
2
4
3
6
Tng

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh


2
3
1

10.0
33.0
7.0

5.0
11.0
7.0

0.8
0.7
0.7

0.9
0.7
0.9

50.0

Nhom th ba gm co 7 thit bi c phn b gn nhau


Nhom 3
SST
1
2
3

Ki hiu trn
mt bng
5
9
10

Tng

S lng

Pmj ( Kw)

Pmj ( Kw)

Cos j

Ksd

3
3
1

11.0
5.0
12.0

33.0
15.0
12.0

0.7
0.7
0.8

0.8
0.8
0.7

60.0

Nhom th t gm co 11 thit bi c phn b gn nhau


Nhom 4
SST
1
2
3
4
5

Ki hiu trn
mt bng
7
8
10
11
12

Tng

S lng

Pmj ( Kw)

Pmj ( Kw)

Cos j

Ksd

2
2
2
3
2

14.0
11.0
12.0
16.0
18.0

28.0
22.0
24.0
48.0
36.0

0.7
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.7

0.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.9

11

158.0

1.5. XAC INH PHU TAI TINH TOAN CHO PHN XNG
a. Xac inh phu tai tinh toan cho tng nhom
Nhom 1:
+ Xac inh h s cng sut trung binh costb cua nhom 1:

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

cos

Pmj

j =1

cos tb1 =

Pmj
j =1

3 12.0 0.7 + 2 18.0 0.7 + 3 5.0 0.8 + 2 11.0 0.7 + 1 11.0 0.7
138

cos tb1 =0.62


+ Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 1:
n

Ksdtb1 =

sdj

Pmj

j =1

3 12.0 0.7 + 2 18.0 0.8 + 3 5.0 0.9 + 2 11.0 0.8 + 1 11.0 0.8
138

mj

j =1

Ksdtb1=0.68
+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 1:
n

Pttlnhom1= Kt Ksdtb1 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )


j =1

= 0.75 0.68138 = 70.38 (KW).


Qttlnhom1= Pttlnhom1tg tb1 = 70.38 tg(arccos 0.62)= 89.064 (KVar).
Sttlnhom1= Ptt2 ln hom1 + Qtt2 ln hom1 = 70.38 2 + 89.064 2 = 113.515 (KVA).
Ittlnhom1 =

S tttlnhom 1
3 U m

113.515(KV A)
3 380(V )

= 172469 (A ).

Nhom 2:
+ Xac inh h s cng sut trung binh cos tb cua nhom 2:
n

cos tb2 =

cos

Pmj

j =1

2 5.0 0.8 + 3 11.0 0.7 + 1 7.0 0.7


= 0.72
50

mj

j =1

+ Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 2:

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in
n

Ksdtb2 =

sdj

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Pmj

j =1

2 5.0 0.9 + 3 11.0 0.7 + 1 7.0 0.9


= 0.768
50

mj

j =1

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 2:


n

Pttlnhom2= Kt Ksdtb2 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )


j =1

= 0.75 0.76850 =28.8 (KW)


Qttlnhom2= Pttlnhom2 tg tb2 = 28.8 tg(arccos 0.72)= 27.559 (KVar)
Sttmhom2= Ptt2 ln hom 2 + Qtt2 ln hom 2 = 28.8 2 + 27.759 2 = 40 (KVA).
S tttlnhom 2

Ittlnhom2 =

3 U m

40(KVA)

3 380(V )

=60.774 (A ).

Nhom 3:
+ Xac inh h s cng sut trung binh cos tb cua nhom 3:
n

cos

Pmj

j =1

cos tb3 =

3 11.0 0.7 + 3 5.0 0.7 + 112.0 0.8


= 0.72
60

mj

j =1

+ Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 3:


n

Ksdtb3 =

sdj

Pmj

j =1

3 11.0 0.8 + 3 5.0 0.8 + 1 12.0 0.7


= 0.78
60

mj

j =1

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 3:


n

Pttlnhom3= Kt Ksdtb3 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )


j =1

= 0.75 0.78 60 = 35.1 (KW)


Qttlnhom3= Pttlnhom3tg tb3 = 35.1 tg(arccos 0.72)= 33.831 (KVar)
Sttlnhom3= Ptt2 ln hom 3 + Qtt2 ln hom 3 = 35.12 + 33.3812 = 48.438(KVA).
Ittlnhom3 =

S tttlnhom 3
3 U m

48.438(KVA )
3 380(V )

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

= 73.594 (A ).

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Nhom 4:
+ Xac inh h s cng sut trung binh cos tb cua nhom 4:
n

cos tb4 =

cos

Pmj

j =1

mj

j =1

cos tb4 =

2 14.0 0.7 + 2 11.0 0.7 + 2 12.0 0.8 + 3 16.0 0.7 + 2 18.0 0.7
158

cos tb4 =0.715


+ Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 4:
n

Ksdtb4=

sdj

Pmj

j =1

mj

j =1

Ksdtb4 =

2 14.0 0.7 + 2 11.0 0.8 + 2 12.0 0.7 + 3 16.0 0.8 + 2 18.0 0.9
158

Ksdtb4 = 0.79
+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 4:
n

Pttlnhom4= Kt Ksdtb4 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )


j =1

= 0.75 0.79158 = 93.615 (KW)


Qttlnhom4= Pttlnhom4tg tb4 = 93.615 tg(arccos 0.715)= 91.536(KVar)
Sttlnhom4= Ptt2 ln hom 4 + Qtt2 ln hom 4 = 93.615 2 + 91.536 2 = 130.93 (KVA).
Ittlnhom4 =

S tttlnhom 4
3 U m

130.93(KVA )
3 380(V )

= 198.927 (A ).

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cho toan phn xng:
n

Pttlpx=

P
j =1

tt ln hom i

= Pttlnhom1+ Pttlnhom2 + Pttlnhom3 + Pttlnhom4= 70.38+28.8+35.1+93.615=

227.895(KW)

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Qttlpx=

Q
j =1

tt ln hom i

= Qttlnhom1+ Qttlnhom2+ Qttlnhom3+ Qttlnhom4= 89.064+27.559 +33.831

+91.536
Qttlpx = 241.99 (KVar).
+ Xac inh phu tai chiu sang cua toan phn xng theo phng phap chiu
sang trn mt n vi din tich:
Do tinh cht san xut va c im cua phn xng san xut, ta tam xem toan
phn xng c chiu sang nh nhau vi loai en MetalHalide. Vi phn xng c
khi va han nn ta chon sut phu tai chiu sang trn mt n vi din tich san xut la
P0= 14 (W/m2), coscs = 0.6 ( Tra bang 2-5. Sut phu tai chiu sang cua mt s phn
xng- Sach cung cp in Nguyn Xun Phu).
Pttcspx= P0 F = 14 54 18 = 13608 (W) = 13.608 (KW)
Qttcspx= Pttcspx tgcs= 13.608 tg (arccos 0.6) = 18,24 (KVar)
2
2
+ Qttcspx
Sttcspx= Pttcspx
= 13.608 2 + 18.24 2 = 22.757(KVA).

Ittcspx =

S ttcspx
3 U m

22,757(KVA )
3 380(V )

= 34.576(A ).

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan cho toan phn xng:
Trong thc t thi phn xng khi lam vic thi khng hn cac thit bi cung hoat
ng mt luc, do o khi xac inh phu tai tinh toan cho toan phn xng ta phai xet
thm h s ng thi Kt, y ta chon h s ng thi cho 4 nhom may trong
khoang Kt = 0.8 1. Chon Kt = 0.9.
Pttpx= Kt ( Pttlpx+ Pttcspx) = 0.9 ( 227.895+ 13.608 ) = 217.353 (KW).
Qttpx= Kt ( Qttlpx+ Qttcspx) = 0.9 ( 241.99 + 18.24 ) = 234.207 (KVar).
2
2
+ Qttpx
Sttpx= Pttpx
= 217.353 2 + 234.207 2 = 319.523 (KVA).

Ittpx =

S ttpx
3 U m

319.523(KV A)
3 380(V )

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

= 485.466(A ).

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 2
TINH TOAN CHON TRAM BIN AP
2.1 CHON S LNG VA CNG SUT CUA TRAM BIN AP:
Vn u t cua tram bin ap chim mt phn rt quan trong trong tng s vn
u t cua h thng in. Vi vy, vic chon vi tri, s lng va cng sut inh mc
cua may bin ap la vic lam rt quan trong. chon tram bin ap cn a ra mt s
phng an co xet n cac rang but cu th va tin hanh tinh toan so sanh kinh t ky
thut chon phng an ti u.
1. Chon vi tri tram bin ap:
- xac inh vi tri cua tram bin ap cn xem xet cac yu cu sau:
Gn tm phu tai.
Thun tin cho cac ng dy vao ra.
Thun tin trong qua trinh lp t va thi cng xy dng.
Thao tac, vn hanh, sa cha, quan ly d dang
t ni it ngi qua lai, thng thoang.
Phong chng chay n, m t, bui bm, n mon.
An toan cho ngi va thit bi.
Tit kim chi phi u t va chi phi vn hanh hang nm la be nht.
- Trong thc t, vic t tram bin ap at tt ca cac yu cu trn la rt kho khn. Do
o, tuy thuc vao iu kin cu th ma ta t tram sao cho hp ly nht.
2.1.2 Chon s lng va chng loai may bin ap:
- Co nhiu phng phap xac inh s lng va chng loai may bin ap, nhng
thng da vao cac nguyn tc sau:
Chung loai may bin ap trong mt tram bin ap nn ng nht ( hoc it chung
loai nht), giam s lng may bin ap d phong va thun tin lp t, vn
hanh.
Chon s lng may bin ap phu thuc vao cac yu t:
- Yu cu v lien tuc cung cp in cho phu tai.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

10

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

- Yu cu v la chon dung lng may bin ap hp ly.


- Yu cu v vn hanh kinh t tram bin ap.
- i vi h phu tai loai 1: la phu tai quan trong khng c phep mt in phai
chon 2 may bin ap tr ln hoc cp ngun t hai ngun c lp.
- i vi h phu tai loai hai: s lng may bin ap c chon tuy thuc vao
vic so sanh cac hiu qua v kinh t ky thut, mt s h tiu thu loai 2 cho phep
mt in tam thi, cung co th c cung cp t mt may bin ap.
- i vi h phu tai loai 3: Trong tram co th t mt may bin ap, cng sut
cua may bin ap c xac inh bng phu tai cc ai cua tram.
- Tuy nhin, n gian trong vn hanh, s lng may bin ap trong mt tram
bin ap khng nn qua 3 may va cac may nay nn cung chng loai va cng sut.
2.1.3. Xac inh dung lng may bin ap:
- Hin nay, co rt nhiu phng phap xac inh dung lng may bin ap, nhng
vn phai da theo cac nguyn tc sau:
Chon theo iu kin lam vic binh thng co xet n qua tai cho phep (qua tai
binh thng ). Mc qua tai phai c tinh sao cho hao mon cach in trong
khoang thi gian ang xet khng c vt qua inh mc tng ng vi nhit
cua cun dy la 980C. Khi qua tai binh thng, nhit im nong nht cua cun dy
co th ln hn nhng khng vt qua 1400C va nhit lp du phia trn khng
vt qua 950C.
Kim tra theo iu kin qua tai s c ( h hong mt trong nhng may bin ap lam
vic song song ) vi mt thi gian han ch khng gian oan cung cp in.
- Do phn xng la phn xng c khi nn co th xp vao h tiu thu loai 3, vi vy
chi cn t mt may bin ap trong tram la c. Cng sut inh mc may bin ap
chon theo kha nng qua tai thng xuyn cua may bin ap.
- Xac inh cng sut may bin ap theo kha nng qua tai cho phep cua may bin ap:
Vi tram chi co mt may bin ap nn cng sut inh mc cua may bin ap c chon
theo:
SdmBA Sttpx= 319.523 ( KVA).
Chn SdmBA= 320 ( KVA). Chn my bin p do ABB ch to.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

11

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Thng s ky thut may bin ap do ABB ch tao:

Tra bng 1.1 trang 19 s tay la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng Thi


Quang chn my bin p phn phi do ABB ch to c cc thng s sau:
Cng sut
(KVA)
320

in ap
(KV)
22/0.4

P0 (W)

PN (W)

UN%

720

4850

Kich thc (mm)


Dai-Rng-Cao
1380-865-1525

Trong lng
(Kg)
1275

2.2 O LNG VA KIM TRA TRONG TRAM.


2.2.1 Nguyn tc chung.
Thit bi o lng va thit bi kim tra trong tram nhm muc ich sau:
- o lng cac ai lng V, I, P, Q, A, Cos.
- Giam sat tinh trang vn hanh cua thit bi va tinh trang vn hanh cua tram.
Cac yu cu i vi thit bi o lng va kim tra trong tram nh sau:
- Cac thit bi o lng va kim tra cn phai co chinh xac va tin cy cn thit.
- Cac thit bi o lng phai c t vi tri d quan sat va vn hanh.
- S thit bi o lng cn t it nhng phai am bao theo doi vn hanh tt.
+ S m ta tram bin ap:

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

12

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

2 2K V

L A

FC O

C T

K W H

C V
M B A 400K V A
2 2 K V / 0 .4 K V

M C C B

L O A D

MBA 320 KVA

- Tram c cp ngun t mang trung th 22 Kv. bao v cho tram, ta t LA


( chng set van ) bao v chng set, cu chi t ri FCO bao v qua tai va ngn
mach trong tram
2.2.2. o lng va kim tra trong tram:
- Ta gn h thng o lng phia trung ap vi khi do ta co th o c ca tn tht cua
may bin ap va tai tiu thu in thng qua cun dong CT va cun ap CV.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

13

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 3
CHON PHNG AN I DY
3.1 T VN :
- S cung cp in cho cac thit bi phn xng phu thuc vao cng sut thit bi,
s lng cua thit bi, s phn b cua chung trong mt bng phn xng va cac thit
bi khac.
- S cung cp cp in cn phai thoa man cac iu kin sau:
- am bao cht lng din nng.
- am bao lien tuc cung cp in theo yu cu cua phu tai.
- Linh hoat khi thi cng, khi co s c, thun tin khi bao tri va sa cha.
- An toan trong vn hanh.
- am bao tinh kinh t: chi phi vn u t, phi tn kim loai mau, chi phi vn hanh
hang nm, chi phi tn tht in nng.
- S ni dy n gian, ro rang, d thi cng.
- Ngoai ra con phai xet n cac yu t, c im cng ngh, yu cu cung cp in
cua phu tai, kha nng tai chinh va trinh ky thut.
3.2 CAC PHNG AN I DY:
- Co 3 phng an i dy chinh trong mang in: i dy theo mang hinh tia, i dy
theo mang phn nhanh va i dy theo mang hn hp.
Phng an i dy theo mang hinh tia: dung cung cp cho cac phu tai phn
tan va cac tai tp trung co cng sut tng i ln ( trong s nay t thanh
cai cua tram bin ap co cac ng dy cung cp thng cho cac phu tai nay).
- T thanh cai cua tram bin ap co cac ng dy dn n cac tu phn phi ng lc.
T tu phn phi ng lc co cac ng dy dn n phu tai.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

14

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

BA
MCCB

MCB

MCB
MCB

MCB

2
2

2
3

u im:
tuin cy tng i cao.
n gian trong vn hanh, lp t , bao tri hay cai tao mang in.
Sut ap thp.
Nhc im:
Chi phi u t cao.
S tr nn phc tap khi co nhiu phu tai trong nhom.
Khi co s c xay ra tn ng dy t tu phn phi chinh n cac tu phn phi
phu thi mt s lng phu tai bi mt in.
- Thng c dung trong cac phn xng co thit bi phn tan trn din tich rng
nh: phn xng gia cng c khi, dt, st.
Phng an i dy theo mang phn nhanh:
S phn nhanh thng c dung cho cac phn xng co phu tai khng quan
trong, phu tai co cng sut nho, phn tan. Trong s phn nhanh ta co th cung
cp in cho nhiu phu tai hoc cac tu phn phi phu.
u im:
Giam c s tuyn dy i ra t ngun trong trng hp co nhiu phu tai.
Giam c chi phi xy dng mang in.
Co th phn phi cng sut u trn cac tuyn dy.
Tit kim c tu phn phi.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

15

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Nhc im:
Phc tap trong vn hanh va sa cha.
Cac thit bi cui ng dy bi sut ap ln.
tin cy cung cp in thp.

BA
MCCB

MCB

MCB

MCB

MCB
MCB

Load

Load
Load

Phng an i dy theo mang hn hp la s kt hp gia phng an i dy


theo mang hinh tia va mang phn nhanh.

BA
MCCB
MCB

MCB
MCB
Load
Load

Load

Load

- s nay co u im cua 2 s trn.


SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

16

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

tin cy cung cp in cao, thun tin cho qua trinh thi cng, lp t, vn
hanh, sa cha.
Gia thanh thp, tit kim c tu phn phi.
Trong mang in phn xng, ngi ta thng s dung mang hinh tia va mang
phn nhanh. Tuy theo tng nhom phu tai ma ta la chon phng an cung cp in
hp ly.
cung cp in cho phn xng ta s dung s hn hp vi no kt hp
c ca chi tiu kinh t va ky thut. in nng t tram bin ap c a v tu phn
phi cua phn xng thng qua cap ngm. Trong tu phn phi cua phn xng gm
1 CB tng va 5 CB nhanh, 4 CB cho 4 tu ng lc va 1 CB cho chiu sang. Mi tu
ng lc cp in cho nhom phu tai theo s hn hp, cac phu tai quan trong va
cng sut ln se nhn in trc tip t thanh cai cua tu ng lc, cac phu tai be va it
quan trong ta cho vao nhom nhn in t tu theo s lien thng. d dang thao
tac va tng thm tin cy cua cung cp in ta t CB tng cua tu lam nhim vu
ong ct, bao v qua tai va ngn mach cho cac thit bi trong phn xng. Con cu chi
ta t tai cac nhanh ra.
3.3 VACH PHNG AN I DY:
TU NGUN
S i dy trong phn xng:
MDB
Hinh 1: S hinh tia

TU PHN
PHI DB1
121
MDB

TU PHN
PHI DB2
2

TU PHN
PHI DB 3

TU PHN
PHI DB 4

TU PHN
PHI CS

cung cp in cho phn xng, ta t mt tu ngun MBD ly in t tram


bin ap 22KV/0.4KV, t tu ngun MDB cp in cho cac tu phn phi DB va thng
dung s hinh tia nh hinh 1. Sau o, t tu phn phi DB ta cp cho phu tai va
thng dung s hinh tia cho phu tai co cng sut ln, s phn nhanh cho phu
tai co cng sut nho nh hinh 2.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

17

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Hinh 2: S phn nhanh va tia


TU PHN
PHI DB

Phu tai co cng


sut nho
Phu tai co cng
sut ln

Phng n i dy cho tng nhm thit b:


Phng n i dy nhm 1:
Thit b

Nhnh

2A, 2B
1A, 1B, 1C
3A
3B
3C
5A
5B
8A

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Cng sut mi my
( KW )
18.0
12.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
11.0
11.0
11.0

Cng sut mi nhnh


( KW )
36.0
36.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
11.0
11.0
11.0

Cng sut mi my
( KW )
11.0
5.0
5.0
7.0

Cng sut mi nhnh


( KW )
33.0
5.0
5.0
7.0

Phng n i dy nhm 2:
Thit b

Nhnh

4A, 4B, 4C
3D
3E
6A

1
2
3
4

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

18

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Phng n i dy nhm 3:
Thit b

Nhnh

5C
5D
5E
9A, 9B, 9C
10A

1
2
3
4
5

Cng sut mi my
( KW )
11.0
11.0
11.0
5.0
12.0

Cng sut mi nhnh


( KW )
11.0
11.0
11.0
15.0
12.0

Cng sut mi nhnh


( KW )
14.0
14.0
11.0
11.0
12.0
12.0
18.0
18.0
16.0
16.0
16.0

Phng n i dy nhm 4:
Thit b

Nhnh

7A
7B
8B
8C
10B
10C
12A

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Cng sut mi my
( KW )
14.0
14.0
11.0
11.0
12.0
12.0
18.0

12B
11A
11B
11C

8
9
10
11

18.0
16.0
16.0
16.0

Xac inh phng an lp t dy:


Co nhiu phng phap la chon h thng dy dn va phng phap lp t dy
cho phn xng: chn cp di t, lp trong rnh cp, lp dng hm di t ,
lp trn tng ca vt kin trc, lp pha trn trn nh,. Mi phng php u
c u im ring, chn phng thc no th phi cn c vo cc nhn t nh iu
kin hon cnh, di cp in, quy hoch pht trin, s lng cp.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

19

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Cp in trc tip chn di t ch thch hp khi s lng dy cp t, cung cp


in cho ph ti xa. Nhng phng thc ny tng i kinh t, d tn nhit, ng
dng tng i rng ri.
Nu lp t cp trong ni b cc x nghip, phn xng, trong cc trm bin p v
phn phi in trong nh th c th t cp trong rnh cp, t trn cc gi trn
tng hoc treo trn trn, ni chung khng nn chn trc tip di t.
Khi c nhiu u ra, s ng cp 40 ng cp, c th phi xy dng hm cp
tin cho vic lp t, bo tr, tu sa v cn to ra cc ng hm cp hoc l ng cp.
Theo tiu chun IEC 364- 5 52 (1993) qui inh vic la chon va lp t h
thng dy dn da trn cac nguyn tc lien quan n cap va dy dn, cach u ni,
gia hay cap treo.
Da theo tiu chun IEC bang 5.3 va bang 5.4 ( sach giao trinh cung cp
in ca thy TS. Quyn Huy Anh ) kt hp vi tinh cht phu tai, c im phn
xng, iu kin lam vic, kh nng phat trin cua phn xng ta chon phng
thc i dy va phng phap lp t dy nh sau:
T trm bin p n t phn phi chnh MDB s dng dy cp bc PVC, mt
li, rut ng, dy c i trong ng nha v c chn ngm trong hm ptng su
1m c np y, dy cp phi ti c dng:
Icp Ittpx = 503.247 ( A ), v chu c cp in p l 400V, ngun 3 pha 4 dy ( 3
dy pha v 1 dy N ).
T t phn phi chnh MDB n cc t phn phi ph DB, ta cp ngun 3 pha 4 dy
( 3 dy pha v 1 dy N ), dy cp PVC, mt li, rut ng v c i trn mng,
mng c lm bng tn cng v c treo trn tng vi cc thanh cp. i dy
theo s hnh tia v i trn mng cp.
T t phn phi ph DB n cc thit b ta i cp bc PVC, rut ng, 1 li 7 si, i
ngm t t DB cho n thit b, cn phn chiu sng ta i dy treo tin cho vic
sa cha v bo tr. i dy theo s hn hp.
Do c im ca phn xng l phn xng c kh v hn nn thun li
cho vic i li v vn chuyn ta chn phng n i dy ngm t t DB n thit b.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

20

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

T t MDB v t DB, ta i dy trn mng cp, t trm bin p v MDB, ta i dy


trong ng v tin hnh chn ngm dy.
Phng thc chn cp ngm: Dy in t trong ng chuyn dng ( ng gn
bng nha cng khng chy hoc kh chy) chn ngm trong tng, sn hoc chn
ngm trong t. Dy dn c t trn gi gn c nh trong cc hp gel t ng
hoc t nm ngang. i vi dy t trong ng ngm th ngoi vic phi tnh tit din
dy theo iu kin pht nng cn phi nhn cng dng in cho php i trong
ng vi h s gim dng nu s dy trong cng mt ng tng: Nhn 0.68 nu c 5-6
dy, 0.63 nu c 7-9 dy, 0.6 nu c 10-12 dy. Cc mch ca cng mt t my,
cng mt bng in, ca cng mt nhm n vi tng s dy trong mt ng khng
qu 8 si. Cc ch r nhnh hoc ni dy in, cp in phi s dng mino hoc
hp ni dy, cc dy dn tit din ln, mi ni phi hn hoc p bng kp t
bit.Khng dng dy nhm cng t ngm v dy nhm d b gy ngm.

u im: Thi cng n gin, gi thnh thp, tit kim vt t, cp c tn


nhit tt, gim tn tht cng sut, tn tht in p, khng nh hng n vn hnh,
to v m quan v m bo an ton cho ngi vn hnh.
Nhc im: Khi lng o t ln, cp chn lu ngy di t d b cc
cht c tnh axt, baz n mn, lm mc nt, r nhnh thng gp nhiu kh
khn, khi xy ra h hng kh pht hin, vic sa cha tn km v i hi
nhiu thi gian.
+ S N TUYN:

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

21

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

LA

FCO

MBA 400KVA
22 KV/ 0.4 KV
MCCB

MCCB
MDB
MCCB

MCCB

MCCB

MCCB

MCCB

MCCB
MCCB

MCCB
DB 3

DB 1

DB L
MCB

MCB
MCCB

MCCB
DB 2

DB 4
MCB
MCB

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

22

an cung cp in
+ S MT BNG I DY TU NG LC.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

23

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

8C

DB3

DB4

10
C

DBL

7A

10
A

10
B

7B

8B

1 8 ,0 0 0
L
M BC AB A
F C 2O 2 K V

7A

11
11
11
DB4

6 B

10 C

KHO

9 A

9 C

10 B

9 B

DB4

12 A

D
5

12 B

10 A

M D DB B L

4 B
DB4

3B

1
C

3C

1
B

4 A

1
A

B1

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

2
B

2
A

4
A

4
B

4
C

A1

2A

3A

2B

2C

DB2

3 A

DB4

3B

4 C

3
D

DB
1
DB1

3C

7A

6 A

4 D

8A

KCS

54,000

3
E

24

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

+ Xc nh tm ph ti ca cc nhm thit b v phn xng:


Tm ph ti l im m t im ny i n cc ti l gn nht. Mc ch ca vic xc
nh tm ph ti chn v tr t t phn phi v trm bin p cho phn xng. Do
ng i t tm ph ti n cc ti l ngn nht cho nn gim c tn tht in p,
tn tht cng sut mang li ch tiu v kinh t, k thut cho d n. Nu coi ph ti
phn b u trn din tch phn xng, th tm ph ti phn xng c th xem nh
trng vi trng tm hnh hc ca phn xng trn mt bng. c th y do ta chia
cc nhm ph ti cho tng t phn phi in tng i ng u trn mt din tch
nn ta chn tm ph ti trng vi tm hnh hc ca tng nhm. Tuy nhin theo s
mt bng tm ph ti nm gia phn xng, m bo an ton lin tc cung cp
in v m quan nn ta di tm ph tai ca cc nhm v pha tng v tm ph ti
(ni t my bin p) ra ngoi phn xng (th hin trong bng v i dy t ng lc
v my bin p).
Theo cch din gii trn ta xc nh c tm ph ti ca cc nhm ph
ti v ca phn xng
V tr t t phn phi phn xng v t phn phi ng lc cc nhm ph ti
trong bng sau:
Tn t
T phn phi chnh
T phn phi nhm 1
T phn phi nhm 2
T phn phi nhm 3
T phn phi nhm 4
T phn phi chiu sng

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

X (m)
54
10
13
40
45
54

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

Y(m)
10
0
18
18
0
5

25

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 4
LA CHN CP IN
4.1 Phng n i dy mng in phn xng:
- Phn xng c cp in t trm bin p c cng sut 320(kVA). Trong
phn xng t su t phn phi: Mt t phn phi chnh ly in t trm bin p
cp in cho nm t phn phi cn li (mt t phn phi chiu sng v bn t phn
phi cho bn nhm ph ti).
- ng dy t trm bin p v t phn phi chnh MDB dng 5 si cp ng
mt li, 3 si cho 3 pha, 1 si cho trung tnh v 1 cho dy ni t.
- ng dy t t phn phi phn chnh MDB v cc t phn phi DB v
DBL cng dng cp ng mt li, m bo tin cy cung cp in v thun tin
trong vn hnh sa cha ta dng mng in hnh tia kt hp vi mng lin thng cp
in cho phn xng.
- T t phn phi phn xng i 5 l n 5 t phn phi cc nhm ph ti,
ng ct v bo v cho cc l ny ta dng 5 ptmt(CB) v 1 ptmt tng, ngoi
ra cn c l d phng.
- Trong mi t phn phi c mt CB tng, mt thanh ci, v cc CB con. S
lng CB con ph thuc vo s thit b trong tng nhm.
- Cp in dn n cc t phn phi v thit b c i trong ng v t trong
rnh cp ngm.
4.2 Chn dy dn cho cc ph ti:
C nhiu phng php chn dy dn nh l: chn tit din dy dn theo
phng php mt dng in kinh t Jkt, chn tit din dy dn theo phng php
mt dng in khng i Jk, chn tit din dy dn theo phng php tn tht
Ucp, chn tit din dy dn theo phng php iu kin pht nng cho php. Tuy
nhin ng vi tng mng in c th m ta chn tit din dy dn theo mt phng
php cho ph hp. y l mng in h p cp in cho cc thit b cho phn
xng c kh, m bo tnh an ton lin tc cung cp in trong qu trnh vn
hnh ta chn tit din dy dn theo iu kin pht nng cho php. Chn cp cch
in bng PVC do CADIVI sn sut.
Ta c cng thc:

I cp =

I m
k hc

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

26

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Trong :

Im l dng in nh mc
khc l h s hiu chnh
kch = k4k5k6k7
k4: nh hng ca cch lp t
k5: nh hng ca s dy i chung vi nhau
k6: nh hng ca loi t
k7: nh hng ca nhit t
Tra bng chn:
k4 = 0,8 dy i ngm
k6 = 1 t kh
k7 = 0,95 hiu chnh nhit ca cp
4.2.1/ Chn cp cho cc thit b in trong phn xng:
Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng
nhau c th nh sau:
ng c 1, c cng sut nh mc 12 (kw) c 3 my chung 1 ng ti nn:
3 x 12(kw)= 36(kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 2, c cng sut nh mc 18 (kw) c 2 my chung 1 ng ti nn:
2 x 18(kw)= 36(kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 4, c cng sut nh mc 11 (kw) c 3 my chung 1 ng ti nn:
2 x 11(kw)= 33(kw) , cos = 0,7
Vy ta chn tit din dy theo cng sut ln nht l 36(kw) , cos =
0,7
Ta c:
I m =

I cp

Pm
=
3 U cos

36 1000
=78 .14 ( A)
3 380 0,7

I m
trong khc = k4k5k6k7 = 0,8110,95 = 0,76
k hc

k5 = 1: i mt mch trong mt ng
Dng in cho php ca cp
78.14
I cp
= 102.,82( A)
0,76

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

27

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s:


Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC

25,0
6,42
110
0,727
PE
14
4,1
94
1,13

in p th (V)
2000
2000

Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng


nhau c th nh sau:
ng c 9, c cng sut nh mc 5 (kw) c 3 my chung 1 ng ti nn:
3 x 5(kw)= 15(kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 7: c cng sut nh mc 14 (kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 11: c cng sut nh mc 16 (kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 12: c cng sut nh mc 18 (kw) , cos = 0,7
Do ng c 12 c cng sut ln nht nn ta chn tit din dy theo ng c 12
Ta c:
I m =

I cp

Pm
=
3 U cos

18 1000
=39 .12 ( A)
3 380 0,7

I m
trong khc = k4k5k6k7 = 0,8110,95 = 0,76
k hc

k5 = 1: i mt mch trong mt ng
Dng in cho php ca cp
I cp

39.12
= 51.47( A)
0,76

Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s:


Dy

PE

F (mm2)
310
2,0

d (mm)
4,05
1,8

I(A)
55
29

ro ( / km) 20oC
1,83
9,43

in p th (V)
1500
1500

Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng


nhau c th nh sau:
ng c 3, c cng sut nh mc 5 (kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 6, c cng sut nh mc 7 (kw) , cos = 0,7
Do ng c 7 c cng sut ln nht nn ta chn tit din dy theo ng c 7
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

28

an cung cp in

I m =

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Pm
=
3 U cos

7 1000
=15 .21 ( A)
3 380 0,7

Dng in cho php ca cp:


I cp

15.21
= 20( A)
0,76

Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s:


Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC

32,0
1,8
20
9,43
PE
2,0
1,8
29
9,43

in p th (V)
1500
1500

Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng


nhau c th nh sau:
ng c 5, c cng sut nh mc 11 (kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 8, c cng sut nh mc 11 (kw) , cos = 0,7
ng c 10, c cng sut nh mc 12 (kw) , cos = 0,7
Do ng c 10 c cng sut ln nht nn ta chn tit din dy theo ng c 10
Pm
12 1000
=
= 26 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,7
Dng in cho php ca cp:
26
I cp
= 34.3( A)
0,76
Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s:
Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V)

34,0
2,55
35
4,61
1500
PE
2,0
1,8
29
9,43
1500
I m =

4.2.2 chn cp cho cc t ng lc:


Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 1(DB1)
Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttnhom1 = 70.38 KW, costb1 = 0,62

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

29

an cung cp in

Ta c:
I m =

I cp

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Pm
70 .38 1000
=
=172 .67 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,62

I m
: kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684
k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng


Dng in cho php ca cp
172.67
I cp
= 252( A)
0,684
Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s:
Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC
in p th (V)

80,0
11,5
268
0,234
2500
PE
35,0
7,56
165
0,524
2500
Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 2(DB2)
Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttnhom2 = 28.8 KW, costb2 = 0,72
Ta c:
I m =

I cp

Pm
=
3 U cos

28 .8 1000
=60 .85 ( A)
3 380 0,72

I m
: kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684
k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng


Dng in cho php ca cp
60.85
I cp
= 88.96( A)
0,684
Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s:
Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V)

25,0
6,42
110
0,727
2000
PE
14
4,1
94
1,13
2000

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

30

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 3(DB3)


Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttnhom3 = 31.1 KW, costb3 = 0,72
Ta c:
Pm
31 .1 1000
I m =
=
=67 .58 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,72

I cp

I m
: kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684
k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng


Dng in cho php ca cp
67.58
I cp
= 98.8( A)
0,684
Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s:
Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V)

25,0
6,42
110
0,727
2000
PE
14
4,1
94
1,13
2000
Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 4(DB4)
Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttnhom4 = 93.615 KW, costb4 = 0,715
Ta c:
I m =

I cp

Pm
93 .615 1000
=
=199 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,715

I m
: kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684
k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng


Dng in cho php ca cp
I cp

199
= 291( A)
0,684

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

31

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s:


Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC
in p th (V)

80,0
11,5
268
0,234
2500
PE
35,0
7,56
165
0,524
2500
Chn cp cho t phn phi chnh:
Cng sut tnh ton t phn phi chnh
Stt = 319.523 (KVA),costb = 0,7
Dng in tnh ton:
I tt =

S tt
3 0,4

I cp

319.523
3 0,4

= 461( A)

I m
: kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684
k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng


Dng in cho php ca cp
I cp

400
= 675( A)
0,684

Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha, dy trung tnh, dy bo v PE c


thng s:
Dy
F (mm2)
d (mm)
I(A)
ro ( / km) 20oC
in p th (V)

325
23,4
680
0,0576
3500
N
200
18,2
480
0,094
3000
PE
185
17,46
450
0,099
3000
4.2.3 Chn thanh dn cho t phn phi:
La chn thanh dn theo in kin dng in pht nng lu di cho php.
Ta c cng thc:
I cp

I tt
k1 k 2

Trong

Icp l dng in cho php ca thanh dn


k1 h s hiu chnh theo cch t thanh dn
(k1 = 1 t thng ng)
k2 = 0,9 h s hiu chnh theo nhit
La chn thanh dn cho t phn phi chnh MDB
Dng in tnh ton:
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

32

an cung cp in
I tt =

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

S tt
3 0,4

319.523
3 0,4

= 461( A)

Dng in cho php ca thanh ci


I cp

I tt
461
=
= 512( A)
k1 k 2 0,9

Chn thanh dn hnh ch nht c cc thng s:


Kch thc
Tit din ca mt
Khi lng
2
(mm)
thanh (mm )
(kg/m)
404
160
1,424

Dng in cho php


(A)
525

Chn thanh dn cho t ng lc ca cc nhm ph ti


Ta chn thanh dn cho t ng lc ca cc nhm ph ti c cng kch thc v
chn theo cng sut ca nhm ph ti ln nht (nhm 4):
Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttnhom4 = 93.615 KW, costb4 = 0,715
Ta c:
I m =

Pm
93 .615 1000
=
=199 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,715

: kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684


Dng in cho php ca thanh ci
I cp

I tt
199
=
= 221( A)
k1 k 2 0,9

Chn thanh dn hnh ch nht c cc thng s:


Kch thc
Tit din ca mt
Khi lng
2
(mm)
thanh (mm )
(kg/m)
253
75
0,668

Dng in cho php


(A)
240

4.2.4 Kim tra cc thit b in chn:


+ Kim tra cp in:
Mt trong nhng ch tiu quan trng trong thit k cung cp in l cht lng
in nng, l tn s v in p nm trong gi tr cho php. y ta kim tra cht
lng in nng theo lch in p.
U % =

U U m
100
U m

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

33

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

i vi mng h p U% 5%Um
V U % =

Pi ri li + Qi xi li
100
U m

Trong :Pi(kw), Qi(kVAr) l cng sut truyn ti trn ng dy.


ri, xi l in tr v in khng ca ng dy trn mt n v
chiu di (/km)
Um in p nh mc ca mng
i vi cp xo = (0,6 0,8) /km
+ Kim tra iu kin st p
iu kin kim tra tn tht in p l: Ucp = 5% Um = 0,05 x 380 = 19V
Trong phn xng c kh nu cho tn tht in p qu lp th s bt li cho
phn xng v s phi tr chi ph nhiu cho vic tn tht in p. trnh iu ny
yu cu t ra ca nh thit k l phi lun m bo in p nh mc cho phn
xng. V th dy dn phi ph hp vi ti, tuy chn dy rt k phn trn nhng
ta vn phi kim tra s tn tht in p ca dy dn. Nu khng tha iu kin trn
th ta phi chn li dy dn.
Tn tht in p ph thuc vo in tr v in khng ca dy dn. Hai gi tr
ny ph thuc vo chiu di dy dn v loi dy. V vy khi kim tra st p ta ch xt
tuyn dy c chiu di xa nht tng ng.
Da vo s mt bng b tr thit b ta cn kim tra iu kin st p t my
bin p n t ng lc nhm 1. V iu kin st p t t ng lc nhm 4 n thit
b s 7A.
+ Tn tht in p t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 1(DB1)
Ta c khong cch t my bin p n t phn phi chnh MBD l khng ng
k nn khng cn tnh st p
Khong cch t t phn phi chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm DB1 l l1 =
54m, ro=0.497 ( / km)
in tr dy dn R1 = 0,234 x 0.054 = 0.01()
in khng dy dn X1 = 0,7 x 0.054 = 0.0378()
Tn tht in p t t phn phi chnh DBM n t ng lc nhm DB1:
U 1 =

Pttn 4 .R 2 + Qttn 4 x . X 2 (70.38 0.01) + (89.064 0.0378)


=
= 10.71V <19V tha iu kin
U m
0.38

st p cho php
Vy cc dy dn chn t t MDB n cc t DB tha iu kin pht nng
v iu kin st p cho php.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

34

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

+ Tn tht in p t t ng lc n cc thit b.
Ta c khong cch t t ng lc DB n thit b xa nht trong phn xng
l: t t ng lc DB4 n thit b s 7A vi chiu di o c theo t l trn phn
xng l = 25m
in tr dy dn l: R7A = 1.83 x 0.025= 0.05()
in khng dy dn:X8A = 0,7 x 0.025 = 0.0175()
Tn tht in p t t ng lc DB4 n thit b xa nht (7A) l:
U 8 A =

(14 0.05) + (7.2 0.0175)


= 2.18V <19V tha iu kin st p cho php
0.38

Vy cc cp in chn tha iu kin pht nng v iu kin st p cho


php.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

35

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 5
CHN CC THIT B NG CT BO V
5.1. L thuyt chung:
CB h p c cc chng loi chnh l BCCB, y l loi CB v c thng c
ch to theo ba pha c dng nh mc t 16, dng ct ngn mch t. Loi CB ny
cng thng c ch to theo kiu ba cc ba dy vo v ba dy ra. ng dng ca
MCCB l trang b cho cc dng ti ln.
Cc loi CB h p khc l MCB (Mini A True Circuit Breaker). y l loi CB bo
v cc mch c cng sut nh . MCB c loi 1 pha (2cc), loi 3 pha (3cc hoc 4
cc)
Loi RCCB hay ELCB. C tnh nng ca cc loi CB trn nhng n cn c tnh nng
bo v chng dng r bo v an ton cho ngi.
Vi nhng u im ca cc loi CB trn ngi thc hin chn CB bo v cc thit b
h p ca mng in phn xng.
Chn thit b ng ct v bo v CB theo ba iu kin:
UmCB Uml
ImCB Itt
IcmCB IN
5.2 Tnh ton ngn mch :
Ngn mch l s c quan trng v thng xuyn xy ra trong h thng cung cp in
v vy cc phn t trong h thng cung cp in phi c tnh ton v la chn sao
cho khng ch lm vic ch bnh thng m cn phi c kh nng chu ng
c trng thi s c trong gii hn cho php
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

36

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Trong thc t thng gp cc dng ngn mch sau:


- Ngn mch 3 pha
- Ngn mch 2 pha
- Ngn mch 2 pha chm t
- Ngn mch 1 pha chm t
Nn phi tnh ton chon la CB cho ph hp. dng ngn mch c tnh ton theo
cng thc sau:
IN =

U m
2
2
3. R NM
+ X NM

Vi h thng trung p : SN=500(MVA)


Z up =

U2
22 2
=
= 0,968
S N 500

R = 0,2Z = 0,2 . 0,986 = 0,1936


X = 0,98Z = 0,98 . 0,986 = 0.949
Quy i tr khng h thng v th cp:
2

0,4
0,4
R = R = 0,1936 = 0,064(m)
22
22
22
up

0,4
0,4
X = Rup22 = 0,949 = 0,314(m)
22
22

My bin p: 22/0,4KV
P = 4,850Kw
U%=4
RBA =

PN .U 2 dm
4,850.0,4 2 6
6
.
10
=
10 = 7,82(m)
2
S dm
315 2

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

37

an cung cp in
X BA =

U N .U dm
S dm

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

4.0,4

10 4 =

10 4 = 20(m)

315

+ Chn CB ng ct t phn phi chnh MDB:


Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttpx= 217,353 (KW) ; cos = 0,7
Ta c:
Pm
217 .353 1000
I m =
=
=472 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,7
+ Dng ngn mch:
Cp t chnh: 1 li ng di 10m ;3 x 200 mm2:
Rd =

l
10
= 22,5
= 1,125(m)
F
200

Xd=x0.l=0,04 x 10 = 0,4 (m)


RT=R04 +RBA+ Rd= 0,064+7,82+1,125=9 (m)
XT=X04 +XBA+ Xd= 0,314+20+0,4=20,7 (m)
Vy ngn mch t chnh l:
IN =

U m
3. R

2
NM

+X

2
NM

400
3. 9 2 + 20,7 2

= 10,23(kA)

Tra bng 3.1 ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s


Kch thc(mm)

Loi

Kiu

S
cc

Um(v)

Im
(A)

Icm(kA)

800AF

ABs
803a

600

500

15

Rng

Cao

su

195

205

109

Khi
lng(kg
)
14,2

5.3 Chn CB ng ct v bo v cho t ng lc ca cc nhm ph ti:


+Chn CB ng ct cho t ng lc nhm 1
Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttlnhom1= 70,38 (KW). cos tb1 =0.62
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

38

an cung cp in

Ta c:
I m =

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Pm
70 ,38 1000
=
=173 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,62

+ Dng ngn mch:


Cp t nhm 1: 1 li ng di 54m ;3 x 80 mm2:
Rdn1 =

l
54
= 22,5 = 15(m)
F
80

Xdn1=x0.l=0,04 x 54 = 2,16 (m)


Rnh1=RT + Rdnh1= 9,384+15= 24,4 (m)
Xnh1=XT + Xdnh1= 20,7+2,16= 23 (m)
Vy ngn mch nhm 1 l:
IN =

U m
2
2
3. R NM
+ X NM

400
3. 24,4 2 + 23 2

= 6,9(kA)

Tra bng 3.1 trang 146 s tay tra la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng
Thi Quang ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s:
Loi

Kiu

S
cc

225AF

ABL
203a

Kch thc(mm)

Um(v)

Im
(A)

Icm(kA)

600

200

Rng

Cao

su

105

165

103

Khi
lng(kg
)
2,1

+ Chn CB ng ct cho t ng lc nhm 2


Cng sut tnh ton ph ti :
Pttlnhom2= 28,8 (KW), cos tb2 = 0.72
Ta c:
I m =

Pm
=
3 U cos

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

28 ,8 1000
=60 ( A)
3 380 0,72

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

39

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

+Tnh ton dng ngn mch:


Cc bc tnh tng t nh nhm 1 ta c :INM= 3,5(Ka)
Tra bng 3.1 trang 146 s tay tra la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng
Thi Quang ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s

Loi

Kiu

S
cc

Um(v)

Im
(A)

Icm(kA)

100AF

ABE
103a

600

65

Kch
thc(mm)
R
Cao su
ng
75

130

Khi
lng(kg)

64

0,6

+ Chn CB ng ct cho t ng lc nhm 3


Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttlnhom3 = 31,1 (KW); cos tb3 = 0.72
Ta c:
I m =

Pm
=
3 U cos

31 ,1 1000
=66 ( A)
3 380 0,72

+Tnh ton dng ngn mch:


Cc bc tnh tng t nh nhm 1 ta c :INM= 3,8(Ka)
Tra bng 3.1 trang 146 s tay tra la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng
Thi Quang ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s
Kch thc(mm)

Loi

Kiu

S
cc

Um(v)

Im
(A)

Icm(kA)

225AF

ABL
203a

600

70

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

Rng

Cao

su

105

165

103

Khi
lng(kg
)
2,1

40

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

+ Chn CB ng ct cho t ng lc nhm 4


Cng sut tnh ton ph ti
Pttlnhom4= 93,615 (KW); cos tb4 =0.715
Ta c:
Pm
93 ,615 1000
I m =
=
=199 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,715
+Tnh ton dng ngn mch:
Cc bc tnh tng t nh nhm 1 ta c :INM= 7,2(Ka)
Tra bng 3.1 trang 146 s tay tra la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng
Thi Quang ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s:
Kch thc(mm)

Loi

Kiu

S
cc

Um(v)

Im
(A)

Icm(kA)

225AF

ABL
203a

600

200

Rng

Cao

su

105

165

103

Khi
lng(kg
)
2,1

5.4 Chn CB ng ct v bo v cho cc ng c:


+ Chn CB cho ng c 1,4,5,8 v ng c 10:
nm ng c c cng cng sut tng ng nhau l:
Pm = 12 (KW), cos = 0,7
Dng in nh mc:
Pm
I m =
=
3 U cos

12 1000
=22 .8( A)
3 380 0,8

+Tnh ton dng ngn mch:


Cc bc tnh tng t nh trn ta c :INM= 1,5(kA)

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

41

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Tra bng 3.1 trang 146 s tay tra la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng Thi
Quang ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s:

Loi

Kiu

S
cc

Um(v)

Im
(A)

Icm(kA)

100AF

ABE
103a

600

30

Kch
thc(mm)
R
Cao su
ng
75

130

64

Khi
lng(kg)
0,6

+ Chn CB cho ng c 2,11 v 12:


c cng sut gn bng nhau:
Pm = 18 (KV), cos = 0,7
Dng in nh mc:
Pm
18 1000
I m =
=
=34 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,8
+Tnh ton dng ngn mch:
Cc bc tnh tng t nh nhm 1 ta c :INM= 2 (kA)
Tra bng 3.1 trang 146 s tay tra la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng
Thi Quang ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s:

Loi

Kiu

S
cc

50AF

ABE
50a

Um(v)

Im
(A)

Icm(kA)

600

40

2,5

Kch
thc(mm)
R
Cao su
ng
75

130

64

Khi
lng(kg)
0,45

+ Chn CB cho ng c 3,6 v 9:c cng sut tng i bng nhau:


Pm = 7 (KV), cos = 0,7
Dng in nh mc:
Pm
7 1000
I m =
=
=15 ( A)
3 U cos
3 380 0,7

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

42

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

+Tnh ton dng ngn mch:


Cc bc tnh tng t nh trn ta c :INM= 0,7(Ka)
Tra bng 3.1 trang 146 s tay tra la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng
Thi Quang ta chn CB do LG ch to c cc thng s:
Loi

Kiu

S
cc

Um(v)

Im (A)

Icm(kA)

50AF

ABE
50a

600

20

Kch
thc(mm)
R
Cao su
ng
75

130

64

Khi
lng(kg)
0,45

5.5 Chn chng st van h p:


Chn chng st van h p do hng Cooper M ch to
Um(kv)
3

Gi
ngang
AZLP501B3

Gi
khung
AZLP519B3

Gi MBA
v ng dy
AZLP531A3

Gi cngxn
kiu dn khung
AZLP531B3

Gi hnh
khi
AZLP519C3

5.6 Chn cng t in ba pha v bin dng o lng:


Chn cng t in
Um 380 (V), Im = 5 (A)
Chn bin dng
Ta c Itt = 485,466(A ).
Tra bng 8.6 chn my bin dng c in p Um 600 V do cng ty thit b
o in ch to.
M sn
phm

Dng s
cp (A)

BD11/1

500

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

Dng
th cp
(A)
5

S vng
s cp

Dung lng
(VA)

Trng lng
(kg)

10

1,53

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

43

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 6

TNH TON TN THT TRONG MNG IN


PHN XNG
Tnh ton tn tht cng sut v tn tht in nng l rt quan trng, v c nm
nhng l lun mi, mi c th tnh ng c tn tht cng sut v in nng, nh
c gi thnh lc thit k v tm ra c bin php lm gim bt tn tht, y l
mt vn lun lun thi s v cp bch i vi ngi thit k cng ngi qun l
vn hnh li in.
6.1 Tnh tn tht cng sut.
Ta c khong cch t my bin p n t phn phi chnh MBD l khng ng
k nn khng cn tnh st p
a/ . T t phn phi chnh n t ng lc nhm 1 :
Khong cch t t phn phi chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm DB1 l l1 =
54m, ro=0.497 ( / km)
in tr dy dn R1 = 0,234 x 0.054 = 0.01()
in khng dy dn X1 = 0,7 x 0.054 = 0.0378()
B qua in tr v in khng ca cc CB, khi lm vic bnh thng nhng gi tr
ny rt nh
Tn tht cng sut tc dng
Pr1 =

2
Pttn2 1 + Qttn
70,38 2 + 89,064 2
1
R
=
0.01 = 892(W ) = 0,892( Kw)
2
U dm
0,38 2

Tn tht cng sut phn khng:


Qr1 =

2
Pttn2 1 + Qttn
70,38 2 + 89,064 2
1
X
=
0.0378 = 3373(VAR ) = 3,373( K var)
2
U dm
0,38 2

b/ . T t phn phi chnh MDB n t DB2 :


Khong cch t t phn phi chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm DB2 l l2 =
47m, ro=0.84 ( / km)
in tr dy dn R2 = 0,727 x 0.047 = 0.031()
in khng dy dn X2 = 0,7 x 0.047 = 0.03()
B qua in tr v in khng ca cc CB, khi lm vic bnh thng nhng gi tr
ny rt nh
Tn tht cng sut tc dng

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

44

an cung cp in
Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh
2
2
2
2
P +Q
28,8 + 27,559
Pr 2 = ttn1 2 ttn1 R =
0.031 = 358(W ) = 0,358( Kw)
U dm
0,38 2

Tn tht cng sut phn khng:


Qr 2 =

2
Pttn2 1 + Qttn
28,8 2 + 27,559 2
1
X
=
0.03 = 330(Var ) = 0,33( K var)
2
U dm
0,38 2

c/ . T t phn phi chnh MDB n t DB3 :


Khong cch t t phn phi chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm DB3 l l3 =
20m, ro=0.724 ( / km)
in tr dy dn R3 = 0,727 x 0.02 = 0.01()
in khng dy dn X3 = 0,7 x 0.02 = 0.014()
B qua in tr v in khng ca cc CB, khi lm vic bnh thng nhng gi tr
ny rt nh
Tn tht cng sut tc dng
Pr 3 =

2
Pttn2 1 + Qttn
31,12 + 33,8312
1
R
=
0.01 = 146(W ) = 0,146( Kw)
2
U dm
0,38 2

Tn tht cng sut phn khng:


Qr 3 =

2
Pttn2 1 + Qttn
31,12 + 33,8312
1
X
=
0.014 = 205(Var ) = 0,205( K var)
2
U dm
0,38 2

d/ . T t phn phi chnh MDB n t DB4 :


Khong cch t t phn phi chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm DB4 l l4 =
15m, ro=0.387 ( / km)
in tr dy dn R4 = 0,234 x 0.015 = 0.0035()
in khng dy dn X4 = 0,7 x 0.015 = 0.01()
B qua in tr v in khng ca cc CB, khi lm vic bnh thng nhng gi tr
ny rt nh
Tn tht cng sut tc dng
2
Pttn2 1 + Qttn
93,615 2 + 91,536 2
1
Pr 4 =
R=
0.0035 = 394(W ) = 0,394( Kw)
2
U dm
0,38 2

Tn tht cng sut phn khng:


Qr 4

2
Pttn2 1 + Qttn
93,615 2 + 91,536 2
1
=
X =
0.01 = 657 (Var ) = 0,657 ( K var)
2
U dm
0,38 2

6.2 Tnh tn tht cng sut t t ng lc n cc thit b (cho mt nhm my)


Cc nhm c b tr tng i ng u nn ta ch tnh tn tht cng sut
cho mt nhm tiu biu nht sau xem cc nhm cn li c tn tht cng sut gn
ng bng nhm va tnh
y ta tnh tn tht cng sut cho nhm 1
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

45

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Theo s i dy ta c khong cch t t DB1 n cc thit b nh sau


Stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

K hiu
trn mt
bng
1(A,B,C)
2(A,B)
3A
3B
3C
5A
5B
7A

S
lng
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1

Pm(kw)
1
my

Ton
b

12
18
5
5
5
11
11
14

36
36
5
5
5
11
11
14

Q
(Kvar)
36,727
36,727
3,75
3,75
3,75
11,2
11,2
14,28

Cos

Ksd

0,7
0,7
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,7
0,7
0,7

0,7
0,8
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,8
0,8
0,7

ro
Khong cch(l) t
( / km) t ng lc n
cc thit b(m)
0,727
11
0,727
18
9,43
6
9,43
3
9,43
6
4,61
15
4,61
17
1,83
8

a/. Tn tht cng sut ca cc thit b s 1(A,B)


+ R1A,B,C = ro x l = 0,727 x 0,011 = 0,008 ()
V gi tr in khng rt nh nn khi tnh ton tn tht cng sut ta c th b qua
thnh phn ny
Tn tht cng sut
P1 A, B ,C =

P12A, B + Q12A, B
2
U dm

R1 A, B =

36 2 + 36,727 2
0.008 = 146(W ) = 0,146( Kw)
0,38 2

Tnh tng t nh trn ta c tn tht cng sut ca cc thit b trong nhm 3 nh sau:
P2A,B = 0,238(Kw)
P3A = 0,015(Kw)
P3B = 0,008(Kw)
P3C = 0,015(Kw)
P5A = 0,117(Kw)
P5B = 0,133(Kw)
P7A = 0,042(Kw)
Vy tn tht cng sut tc dng ca cc thit b trn ton nhm 1 l:
Pn = 0,146+ 0,238 + 0,015+ 0,008 + 0,015+0,117+0,133+0,042 = 0,714(Kw).
6.3 Tn tht cng sut ca li h p
Tn tht cng sut ca li h p gm tn tht trong my bin p, tn tht t
my bin p n t phn phi, tn tht t t phn phi n cc t ng lc v tn tht
t t ng lc n cc thit b trong nhm
Cng thc xc nh nh sau:
P = PMBA+PBA-TC+PTC-T1+PTC-T2+PTC-T3+PTC-T4+PN
= 0,72+0,892+0,358+0,146+0,394+(4 x 0,714) = 5,366KW

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

46

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

6.4 Tn tht in nng


A = P x t
Vi A tn tht in nng (Kwh)
P Tn tht cng sut (Kw)
Thi gian tn tht cng sut cc i
c tnh gn ng l: t = (0,124 + Tmax x 10-4)2 x 8760
Trong Tmax l thi gian s dng cng sut cc i. Phn xng mi nm lm vic
300 ngy, mi ngy 1 ca, mi ca 8 gi tra bng ta c Tmax = 3000h
T = (0,124 + 3000.10-4)2 x 8760= 1575gi
+ Tn tht in nng trong 1 nm:
A = 5,366 x 1575 = 8451Kwh/nm
Gi s gi tin in 1Kwh l 1000 th s tin tn tht phn xng phi tr cho in
lc l: 8451 x 1000 = 8451000.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

47

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 7
THIT K CHIU SNG
7.1AT VAN E
7.1.1 Chon hnh thc chieu sang:
Muon thiet ke chieu sang phan xng cho tot trc
tien ta phai thu thap ay u cac so lieu ban au:
- Mat bang cua phan xng,v tr cac may trong phan
xng.
- Mat cat cua nha xng e xac nh v tr treo en.
- Nhng ac iem cua qua trnh cong nghe , cac tieu
chuan ve o roi cua cac khu vc khac nhau trong
phan xng.
- Soi lieu ve nguon ien, nguon sang.
Co nhieu hnh thc chieu sang nh:
- Chieu sang chung : la chieu sang tao o roi ong
eu tren be mat lam viec.
- Chieu sang cuc bo : La chieu sang oi hoi o roi
cao can quan sat chnh xac mi lam viec c.
- Chieu sang lam viec: la chieu sang lam viec bnh
thng.
- Chieu sang s co: la anh sang dung e di tan
ngi khi mat chieu sang lam viec.
Phan xng nay ch lam viec 2 ca trong ngay san
pham tao ra cung bnh thng , nen ta ch can anh sang
lam viec. V vay ta chon anh sang lam viec.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

48

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

7.1.2 Cac yeu cau thiet ke he thong chieu sang:


- Khong loa mat.
- Khong loa mat do phan xa.
- Khong co bong toi.
- o roi yeu cau phai ong eu.
- Phai tao c anh sang cang giong anh sang ban
ngay cang tot.
7.1.3 Cac ieu kien chieu sang tot :
- o roi phai am bao theo yeu cau, tc la be mat
lam viec va moi trng nhn thay phai thoa mang o
choi e cho mat phan biet cac chi tiec can thiet mot
cach ro rang va khong b met moi.
- Quang thong xac nh s che toi va t le o choi
can phai c nh hng sao cho mat ngi thu nhan
c hnh anh ro rang ve hnh dang va chung quanh cua
muc tieu ma ta nhn.
- Mau sac cua anh sang phai phu hp vi tnh chat
cua cong viec, thng la chon anh sang ban ngay.
- Viec bo cac en va o coi cua en phai chon sao
cho mat ngi khong b met moi do chieu sang trc tiep
hay anh sang phan xa.
- Mc o an toan phong chong chay no theo yeu
cau cua moi trng lam viec .
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

49

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

- Tnh tien nghi va tnh tham my cao.

7.1.4 Nhng lu y khi thiet ke mang ien chieu


sang:
- Vi mang ien chieu sang cho xng san xuat,nen
thiet ke he thong chieu sang rieng, tranh cho s ong
cat khi ong ong c lam giao ong ien ap tren au
cc en.
- Dao ong ien ap cho phep la 2,5 %Um .
__

_-

Thiet b ong cat bao ve mang chieu sang la cho

sao cho thuan tien trong viec sa cha thay the trong luc
van hanh cung nh luc s co .
- Tu ien chieu sang nen bo tr v tr thuan tien
cho viec thao tac nh gan cua ra vao, phong lam viec.
- Thiet b chieu sang la thiet b mot pha nen ac
biet chu y phan pha cho eu trong khi thiet ke chieu
sang, ngoai ra cung can la chon cac loai en che tao
theo cong nghe mi tiet kiem ien nang.
7.2 PHNG PHAP TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG:
Chieu sang chung c tnh toan theo phng phap he
so s dung. Trnh t tnh toan c tc hien theo cac bc
sau ay:
7.2.1 Khu vc at thiet b
* Bc 1: xac nh kch thc :
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

50

an cung cp in
- Chieu dai: D1 = 54m
-

Chieu rong: D2 = 18m

Dien tch : 972 m2

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

- Chieu cao h = 7m

Bc 2 : Xac nh cac he so phan xa cua tng,tran

va san (Pt, Ptr, Ps ).


-

He so phan xa cua tng Pt= 50%

He so phan xa cua tran Ptr =30%

He so phan xa cua san Ps = 10%

* Bc 3: Chon bo en Metal Halide.


-

Cong suat en P = 250 w.

Quang thong en =20000 lm

So bong en trong 1 bo en: 1bong .

* Bc 4: o cao treo en theo tnh toan htt.


- Can c vao tran cao 7 met, en treo cach tran 0,7m,
o cao be mat lam viec t at len 0,8 m.
htt. = h (h1v + hc = 7 (0.7+0.8) =5.5 m
* Bc 5: Xac nh he so s dung en CU.
He so s dung en phu thuoc vao :
- Loai nguon sang .
- Cac he so phan xa tran, tng ,san.
-

Ch so phong c xac nh nh sau:

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

51

an cung cp in

i=

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Sp
htt ( D1 +D2 )

= 5.5(972
54 +18 ) = 2,45

T Pt,Ptr,Ps va i =>tra bang co c he so s dung


CU= 0.6
* Bc 6: Xac nh he so mat mat anh sang LLF
Tra bang co LLF = 0.62
* Bc 7:
Chon o roi tieu chuan Emin =150 lux.
* Bc 8:
Xac nh he so en toi thieu:

.SP
150 972
nbd = bdEmin
=
CU LLF
20000 0 , 60 , 62 =19 ,6
en. Chon 20 bo en.
* Tong cong suat chieu sang tai khu vc at thiet b :
P = 2 x 250 = 5 kw
* Phan bo 20 bo en theo hnh :
Hai en cach nhau 6 met,cach tng theo hai pha lan
lt 3,5 m va 3 m.
7.2.2 Khu vc KCS
* Bc 1:
Xac nh kch thc :
- Chieu dai:

D1 =8 m.

- Chieu rong : D2=6 m.


- Dien tch :
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

S = 48 m2
- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

52

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

- Chieu cao :

h = 4 m.

* Bc 2 :
Xac nh cac he so phan xa cua tng , tran, san
(Pt ,Ptr, Ps).
- He so phan xa cua tng Pt = 50 %
- He so phan xa cua tran Ptr =70%
- He so phan xa cua san Ps = 10%
* Bc 3 :
Chon bo en
Con loai en quynh quang 2x36 w gan lom trong
tran,ben di co rem toa sang :
-

Cong suat en P = 36 w

Quang thong = 2500 lm

- So bong en trong 1 bo en: 2bong


-

Cong suat cua bo en Pb =72 w

Quang thong cua bo en b =5000 lm.


* Bc 4:

o cao treo en theo tnh toan htt.


Can c vao tran cao 4m, en treo sat tran , o cao
be mat lam viec tnh t at len 0,8m.
htt. = h (h1v + hc = 4 (0+0.8) =3.2 m
* Bc 5:
Xac nh he so s dung en CU.
He so s dung en phu thuoc vao :
- Loai nguon sang .
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

53

an cung cp in
Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh
- Cac he so phan xa tran, tng ,san. Pt , Ptr ,Ps.
-

Ch so phong c xac nh nh sau:


S

48
i =htt ( D1p+D2 ) =3.2
1,07
( 8+
6) =

T Pt,Ptr,Ps va i =>tra bang co c he so s dung


CU= 1.09
* Bc 6:
Xac nh he so mat mat anh sang LLF
Tra bang co LLF = 0.62
* Bc 7:
Chon o roi tieu chuan Emin = 300 lux.
* Bc 8:
Xac nh he so en toi thieu:
00 48
nbd = bdEmCinU. SPLLF = 5000 3
1, 09 0 , 62 =4,33

Chon 04 bo en.
* Tong cong suat chieu sang tai khu vc at thiet b :
P = 4 x 72 = 288w
* Phan bo bo en theo hnh :
Hai en cach nhau 3 met,cach tng theo hai pha lan
lt 1,2 m va 1,5 m.
7.2.3 Khu vc kho
* Bc 1:
Xac nh kch thc :

- Chieu dai:

D1 =6 m.

- Chieu rong : D2= 6 m.


- Dien tch :
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

S = 36 m2
54

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

- Chieu cao :

h = 4 m.

* Bc 2 :
Xac nh cac he so phan xa cua tng , tran, san
(Pt ,Ptr, Ps).
- He so phan xa cua tng Pt = 50 %
- He so phan xa cua tran Ptr =70%
- He so phan xa cua san Ps = 10%
* Bc 3 :
Chon bo en
Chon loai en quynh quang 2x36 w gan lom trong
tran,ben di co rem toa sang :
-

Cong suat en P = 36 w

Quang thong = 250 lm

- So bong en trong 1 bo en: 2bong


-

Cong suat cua bo en Pb =72 w

Quang thong cua bo en b =5000 lm.


* Bc 4:
o cao treo en theo tnh toan htt.
Can c vao tran cao 4m, en treo sat tran, o cao be

mat lam viec tnh t at len 0,8m.


htt. = h (h1v + hc = 4 (0+0.8) =3.2 m

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

55

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

* Bc 5:
Xac nh he so s dung en CU.
He so s dung en phu thuoc vao :
- Loai nguon sang .
-

Cac he so phan xa tran, tng ,san. Pt , Ptr ,Ps.

- Ch so phong c xac nh nh sau:

i=

Sp
htt ( D1 +D2 )

= 3.236
( 6 +6 ) = 0,94

T Pt,Ptr,Ps va i =>tra bang co c he so s


dung CU= 0.9
* Bc 6:
Xac nh he so mat mat anh sang LLF
Tra bang co LLF = 0.72
* Bc 7:
Chon o roi tieu chuan Emin = 150 lux.
* Bc 8:
Xac nh he so en toi thieu:

.S P
150 36
nbd = bdEmin
=
CU LLF
5000 0 , 90 , 72 =1,87
Chon 2 bo en.

* Tong cong suat chieu sang tai khu vc at thiet b :


SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

56

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

P = 2x 72 = 144 w
* Phan bo bo en theo hnh :
6m
Hai en cach nhau 3 met,cach
tng theo hai pha

KCS

KHO

6m

lan lt 2,5 m va 1,5 m.

7.2.4 Phan bo en

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

57

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

3m
1.5m
2.4m

3m
3m 1.5m
1.2m

7.3 CHON DAY DAN VA CB CHO HE THONG CHIEU


SANG
e cung cap ien cho he thong chieu sang, ta at
tu chieu sang gan ca chnh ra vao, lay ien t tu chnh
. Tu chieu sang at 9 CB : 1CB 3pha va 7 CB 1 pha e cung

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

58

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

cap cho 3 day en thiet b hai ben va 2 en gia


1CB cho KCS va 1CB cho Kho.
T tu phan phoi chnh MDB en tu chieu sang DLB
chon cap 1oi ong cach ien PVC, ky hieu CVV.
T tu chieu sang DLB en cac day en ta chon phng
an i day noi at trong ong nha i sat tng.
7.3.1 Chon day dan
a/. Chon day dan t tu phan phoi chnh en tu
chieu sang
Dong ien tnh toan cua phu tai chieu sang :
Ittcs =

I ttcs =

Pcs

3 U dm cos cs

5.43
3 0 , 38 1

= 8,25 ( A)

Chon K1 =0.95 ( cap treo tren tran nha)


K2 = 0.85 ( vi so lng 2 cap at ke nhau)
K3 = 1 ( nhiet o moi trng 30oC)
K= K1K2K3 = 0.95 x 0.85 x 1 = 0.808

Do o :

I cp

I ttcs
K

8.25
0.808

= 10,21( A)

Chon cap CVV 2.5mm2 co Icpm =30.1A


Chieu dai la 25m
b/. Chon day dan t tu chieu sang en cac day
en thiet b
+ Day en 1 :

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

59

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

( 3 en 250 w) tng t cho cac day en khac ( day


en 2,3,4,5,6) tr day en gia.
Dong ien tnh toan cua day en 1:

I tt =

Pday
U dm cos cs

, 75
= 00, 23
1 = 3,26 ( A)

Chon K1 =0.95 ( cap treo tren tran nha)


K2 = 0.85 ( vi so lng 2 cap at ke nhau)
K3 = 1 ( nhiet o moi trng 30oC)
K= K1K2K3 = 0.95 x 0.75 x 1 = 0.713

Do o :

I cp

I ttday
K

3, 26
0.713

= 4,57( A)

Chon hai day n VC2mm2 co Icpm =24.1A


Chieu dai la 35 m, cho cac day en (6 day ) 15 m cho
day en gia.
+ Day en KCS
Dong ien tnh toan cua day en KCS:
P

0 , 288
I tt = U dm day
=
cos cs
0 , 231 = 1,25 ( A)

Chon K1 =0.95 ( cap treo tren tran nha)


K2 = 0.75 ( vi so lng 2 cap at ke nhau)
K3 = 1 ( nhiet o moi trng 30oC)
K= K1K2K3 = 0.95 x 0.75 x 1 = 0.713

Do o :

I cp

I ttday
K

1, 25
0.713

= 1,75( A)

Chon hai day n VC1.5mm 2 co Icpm =21.3A


SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

60

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

Chieu dai la 25 m.
+ Day en kho:
Dong ien tnh toan cua day en Kho:

I tt =

Pday
U dm cos cs

142
= 00,,23
1 = 0,6( A)

Chon K1 =0.95 ( cap treo tren tran nha)


K2 = 0.75 ( vi so lng 2 cap at ke nhau)
K3 = 1 ( nhiet o moi trng 30oC)
K= K1K2K3 = 0.95 x 0.75 x 1 = 0.713

Do o :

I cp

I ttday
K

0,6
0.713

= 0,86( A)

Chon hai day n VC1.5mm 2 co Icpm =21.3A


Chieu dai 25 m
1.3 Tong ket day chieu sang:
Th t

Loai

day Icpm(A)

Cap chnh
Day TB
KCS
KHO

(mm2)
CVV 2.5
VC 2.0
VC 1.5
VC 1.5

Chieu dai (m)


day

30.1
24.1
21.3
21.3

25
35
25
25

7.3.2 Chon CB
a/. Tnh ngan mach cho chieu sang tong

Rdcs = P Fl = 22.5 251 = 562 .5m


Xdcs= X0 x l = 0.04 x15 = 0.6 m
Ngan mach tai tu chieu sang:
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

61

an cung cp in

Rcs = RT +Rdcs

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh


=22 + 562.5 = 584.5 m

Xcs = XT +Xdcs =44.11+ 0.6 = 44.17 m


Zcs = Z cs = Rcs2 + X cs2 = 584,5 2 + 44,17 2 = 586,16( A)
Dong ngan mach :
IN =

U dm
3 Z cs

400
3 586 ,16

= 0.39 KA

b/ .Tnh ngan mach cho cac day en


Rd =

l
F

Xd = XO l

Ngan mach tai moi day en:


RNM = Rcs + Rd
XNM = Xcs + Xd
2
2
+ X NM
Z = RNM

Dong ngan mach :

IN =

Udm
Z

TT
Tu chieu

F
2.50

I
25.00

ro
6.99

xo
0.04

RNM
584.5

XNM
IN
44.17 0.39
45.57 0.22

sang
Day en1, 2.00

35.00

8.57

0.04

0
978.2

,6
Day en 7

2.00

15.00

8.57

0.04

5
753.2

44.70 0.29

KCS

1.50

25.00

11.19 0.04

5
959.5

45.17 0.23

0
959.5

45.17 0.23

KHO
1.50
25.00
11.19 0.04
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
- MSSV: 06402230
Nguyn Cng Thng
- MSSV: 06402243
Lp: 06402230DAK

62

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh


0

c/. Chon CB cho tu va day en


Chon CB loai C cua hang Siemens
V tr

So
cc

Tu chieu 3
sang
Day en 1
TB
KCS
1
KHO

Dong
lam
viec Itt
A)
10.21
4.75
1.75

0.86

Ma
CB
5SX231
37CC
5SX210
67CC
5SX210
67CC
5SX210
67CC

Dong
Kha
nang
nh mc cat ICU (kA)
In (A)
13

CHNG 8:
B CNG SUT PHN KHNG
8.1 KHI QUT
in nng l nng lng ch yu ca cc x nghip. Hu ht cc thit b in
u ti th cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng. Cc thit b tiu th nhiu
cng sut phn khng l: ng c khng ng b ,my bin p .
H s cos l mt trong nhng ch tiu nh gi cc x nghip c dng in
hp l v tip kim hay khng. Cng ty in lc lun khuyn khch cc x nghip
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

63

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

nh my hot ng vi cng sut cos cng cao cng tt.B cng sut phan khng
nhm nng cao h s cos .
8.2 NGHA CA VIC B CNG SUT PHAN KHNG:
8.2.1 Gim tn tht cng sut trong mng in
Tn tht cng sut trn ng dy c tnh nh sau:
P2 + Q2
P2
Q2
.
R
=
.
R
+
.R
U2
U2
U2
P = P( P ) + P( Q )
P =

R: in tr ca phn t gy tn tht ,
P: Tn tht cng sut tc dng ,KW
P,Q :Cng sut tc dng ,cng sut phn khng truyn qua R.
Gim lng Q truyn ti trn ng dy ta gim c thnh phn tn tht
cng sut P do Q gy ra.
8.2.2 Gim tn tht in p trong mng in.
Trong :

P.R + Q. X PR QX
=
+
U
U
U
U = U ( P ) + U ( Q )
U =

Gim lng Q truyn ti trn ng dy ta gim c thnh phn U do Q gy ra.


8.2.3 Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v my bin p
Vi I = const ,khi gim Q th kh nng truyn cng sut tc dng P tng ln.
I=

P2 + Q2
3.U

8.2.4 Gim c chi ph kim loi mu v cng sut my bin p trong khu thit k.

8.3 CC BIN PHP NNG CAO H S COS


8.3.1 B t nhin
- Gm cc thit b nh sau :
- Gim thi gian chy khng ti ca cc thit b.
- Gim in p ca cc thit b chy non ti .
- S dng ng c ng b thay cho ng c khng ng b c cng cng
sut.
- Ci tin quy trnh cng ngh cc thit b lm vic ch hp l .
- Hn ch ng c chy khng ti .
- Thay th nhng my bin p lm vic non ti bng nhng my bin p c
dung lng nh hn.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

64

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

8.3.2 B nhn to
a/. T b
T b thng c v bng kim loi nhm,c bulng v ai c c nh ni v
vi t . Cht lng lm in mi l polypropylene, in cc cc hp kim nhm.
Theo s pha th c 2 loi t l t 1 pha v t 3 pha.Dung lng thng l 0.5
25kVar. V vy mun c dung lng b ln phi dng nhiu t du song song. T h
p c ch to vi cc cp ngun in p 230V 400V 440V
u im ca t b:
- Gi thnh thp ,gi 1kVar b nh hn cc thit b khc
- Lp t v vn hnh n gin
- Tn tht cng sut trong t in nh ,khong 0.5W/kVar.
- C th b theo cng sut (iu chnh dung lng b).
- T c nhiu cp in p c th b nhiu li in khc nhau.
Nhc im.
- D h hng khi xy ra hin tng qu p.
- Dung lng t gim nhiu khi in p mng gim.
- Khi cn dung lng b ln th t b khng thch hp.
- T b khng th iu chnh trn c.
- Khng c kh nng tiu th cng sut phn khng.
b/. My b ng b.
My b ng b thc cht l my pht in lm vic theo nguyn l ca
ng c ng b. ch qu kch t ,my b s pht ra cng sut phn khng
cung cp cho mng in. Cn ch thiu kch t my b s tiu th cng
sut phn khng ca mng. My b cn c l thit b c th c dng iu
chnh in p mng in .My b c ch to vi cng sut nh mc t vi
trm kVar n vi chc Mvar.
u im ca my b.
- C th tiu th hay sinh ra cng sut phn khng cho mng.
- Lng cng sut phn khng sinh ra ln.
- C th b t ng (b trn)
- Lng cng sut phn khng khng ph thuc vo in p mng in.
- bn c, nhit cao.
Khuyt im.
- Lp t v vn hnh phc tp.
- Gi thnh cao.
- Khi sinh ra cng sut phn khng phi tiu th cng sut tc dng dng k.
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

65

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

8.4 VI TR LP T T V TNH TON DUNG LNG B.


8.4.1 B tp trung.
p dng khi ti n nh v lin tc.
u im.
- Lm gim tin pht do vn tiu th cng sut phn khng
- Lm gim cng sut biu kin yu cu.
- C th thay i my bin p c cng sut nh hn ,hoc pht trin ph tai khi
cn thit.
Khuyt im.
- Dng in phn khng vn i vo cc t phn phi chnh ca mng h th.
- H s cng sut c ci thin cho tng thit b in.
- Kch c dy dn,tn tht cng sut trong mng in phn xng c ci
thin.
8.4.2 B nhm.
S dng c cng sut qua ln v khi ch ti tiu th theo theo thi gian
ca cc phn on khc nhau.
u im:
- lm gim tin pht do vn tiu th cng sut phn khng.
- lm gim cng sut biu kin yu cu.
- kch tthc dy cp i n t phn phi khu vc s gim i hoc cng dy
cp trn c th tng ph ti cho t phn phi khu vc.
Khuyt im:
- dng in phn khng vn tip tc i vo tt c dy dn xut pht t t phn
phi khu vc.
- h s cng sut cho tng khu vc.
- kch c dy dn, tn tht cng sut trong mng phn xng khng c ci
thin.
8.4.3 B ring l
Ch c xt n khi cng sut ca ng c ng k so vi cng sut
ca mng in.
u im:
-

lm gim tin pht do vn tiu th cng sut phn khng.


lm gim cng sut biu kin yu cu.
gim kch thc v tn hao trong daya dn i vi tt c cc dy dn
khuyt im:
- cc dng in phn khng ln s khng cn tn ti trong mch in.
8.4.4 tnh ton dung lng t b
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

66

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

xc nh dung lng t b
Qb = P x (tg t - tg s)
trong :
Qb : cng sut phn khng cn b
P : cng sut tc dng ca ti cn b
tg t, tg s: h s cng sut trc v sau khi ca ti cn b
8.5 TNH TON T B CNG SUT PHN KHNG CHO PHN
XNG
v phn xng ny thuc loi trung bnh khng i dung lng b ln
lm nn ta chn b bng t.
v phn xng l ti n nh v lin tc nn ta chn phng php b tp
trung ti thanh gp pha h p ca t phn phi chnh.
cos t = 0,75=>tg t=0,88
cos s = 0,95=>tg s=0,329
Ppx=217,353 Kw
Qb= P x (tg t - tg s)=217,353 x (0,88 0,329)= 119 kVAr
Tra bng ta chn b t b ca DUCATI ch to c cc thng s sau:
Um(v)
415

Qb(kVAr)
119

C ( F )
3 x 195

M hiu
DLE-3H150K5T

Im(A)
58,6

KT LUN NGH
I/ KT LUN
T nhng s liu ban u v phn xng sn xut, s mt bng, s lng thit
b in yu cu ca phn xng, tnh cht quan trng ca phn xng 7. Ngi thc
hin n tnh ton thit k cung cp in v chiu sng cho phn xng sn xut
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

67

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

vi nhng ch tiu kinh t k thut ti u. Ph hp vi nhng tiu chun v in ca


Vit Nam. n hon thnh vi nhng ni dung sau:
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton
Thit k chn my bin p v trm bin p cho phn xng
Phn tch cc phng n cung cp in v chn phng n cung cp ti u cho
mng in phn xng 7.
Tnh ton ngn mch trong mng h p.
La chn tri tit cc thit b in cho phn xng.
Tnh ton chng st.
Tnh ton thit k chiu sng chung v chiu sng s c cho phn xng.
Thit k lp t t b cho thanh ci my bin p nhm gim chi ph do tn tht
in nng ca phn xng.
II/ NGH:
Do cn thiu kinh nghim thit k thc t, ngi thit k cha lp c bn d
ton thi cng cng trnh, n cn b sung mt s s bo v t ng cho h thng
in phn xng nh: Bo v r le cho my bin p, cc mch t ng ha, cc bin
php thng tin iu khin vn hnh h thng in ca phn xng mt cch t ng
khi xy ra s c

TI LIU THAM KHO


1. GIO TRNH CUNG CP IN Trng Vit Anh HSPKT TP H
Ch Minh nm
SVTH: Nguyn H Quang
Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

68

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

2. HNG DN N MN HC CUNG CP IN Phan Th Thanh


Bnh, Dng Lan Hng, Phan Th Thu Vn - NXB H Quc gia TP H Ch Minh
nm 2003
3. H THNG CUNG CP IN CA X NGHIP CNG NGHIP
V NH CAO TNG Nguyn Cng Hin, Nguyn Mnh Hoch NXB Khoa
hc v K thut nm 2005
4. MNG CUNG CP V PHN PHI IN Bi Ngc Th NXB
Khoa hc v K thut nm 2002.
5. HNG DN THIT K LP T IN THEO TIU CHUN
QUC T IEC Schneider Electric S.A NXB Khoa hc v K thut nm 2004
6. GIO TRNH CUNG CP IN Quyn Huy nh HSPKT TP H
Ch Minh nm 2006.

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang


Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230
- MSSV: 06402243

69

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