Chng 3

thit k tuyn vi ba
3.1 Qui nh chung
Vic thit k tuyn thng tin ni chung v tuyn vi ba s ni ring c tin hnh
trn c s:
+ D n bo co kh thi c cc cp c thm quyn ph duyt.
+ H s kho st, thuyt minh chnh xc v ni dung xy lp, cc s liu tiu chun cn
t c.
+ Cc vn bn th tc hnh chnh ca c quan trong v ngoi ngnh lin quan n a
im, mt bng xy dng trm.
+ Cc tiu chun, qui trnh, qui phm xy dng ca nh nc v ca ngnh
+ Cc nh mc v d ton c lin quan p dng trong thit k.
+ H s ti liu thu thp c trong qu trnh kho st v o c
Vic thit k cn phi m bo ng tiu chun, qui trnh, qui phm ca nh nc
ban hnh, nh:
+ ng k tn s lm vic ca thit b vi Cc tn s v tuyn in Quc gia.
+ An ton v phng chng thin tai, bo lt.
+ An ton khi c ging st, m bo cht lng ca cc h thng chng st, tip a cho
thit b v thp anten theo qui phm ca ngnh...
3.1.2 Ni dung thit k
3.1.2.1 Phn thuyt minh
Thuyt minh tng quan v c s lp thit k k thut v cc bn v , tm tt cc ni
dung thit k c chn, ra cc phng n thit k, nu cc thng s v ch tiu t -
c ca cng trnh theo phng n chn.
3.1.2.2 Phn bn v
a ra cc bn tng th cc v tr ca 2 trm t l 1/250.000 hoc 1/500.000 tu
theo yu cu cp chnh xc cn cho trc v cc bn v tuyn cn th hin. Cc bn v
28
v s mt ct nghing ca tuyn v cc s nguyn l t chc thng tin gia hai
trm.
3.1.2.3 Phn tng d ton
Cc c s lp tng d ton bao gm cc biu nh mc, biu n gi v khi l-
ng cng trnh. T lp tng d ton ca cng trnh.
3.2 Tnh ton ng truyn
3.2.1 Ni dung vic tnh ton ng truyn
+ Tnh ton ng truyn dn.
+ Tnh ton ch tiu cht lng.
+ Tnh ton thi gian mt thng tin.
+ Lp t thit b, anten, a h thng vo hot ng th nghim kim tra.
Tin hnh o cc thng s sau khi lp t nh (cng sut my pht, phn tch khung
2Mbit/s, t s bit li BER10
-3
v BER10
-6
trong 24 gi...
Cng vic tnh ton ng truyn c bt u t nhng s liu thc t v ng
truyn, c im a hnh, di tuyn, dung lng s dng. Trnh t tnh ton c tin
hnh theo cc bc nh sau:
3.3 Kho st v tr t trm
Trong mc ny ta s kho st bi ton thit k mt tuyn n ch c hai trm truyn
dn. Trc tin, cn tin hnh mt s cng vic nh sau:
-Xc nh tuyn trn bn . (cn tm bn a hnh ca khu vc xy trm)
-To nn cc bn v mt ct nghing ca tuyn.
T cc yu cu thc t ca mt tuyn vi ba gm: v tr trm, khong cch trm,
dung lng truyn dn, a hnh tuyn s i qua...ta tin hnh nh du hai u cui ca
trm trn bn ca S o c xc nh chnh xc kinh , v ca mi trm. Cc
thng s to ny c s dng iu chnh cc anten mi trm trong giai on lp
t thit b. K hiu trn bn : trm A l trm th nht v trm B l trm th hai. Sau
v mt mt ct nghing ca ng truyn. Hnh dung mt ct ny nh mt con dao ct
ri qu t dc theo hng ca tia v tuyn. Hnh 3.1 th hin mt ct ng truyn gia
hai trm A v B.
29
Mc d mt t c cong nhng n gin trong tnh ton ngi ta thng v mt ct
nghing ng vi h s bn knh hiu dng ca tri t l k = 4/3.
Phng trnh sau cho ta xc nh ch li ca mt t:
E=
1000
k r 2
d d
. 1
2 1
(3.1)
r
1
l bn knh qu t 6370 [km]
E = (4/51)d
1
d
2
/ k [m] (3.2)
k l h s bn knh ca qu t
d
1
, d
2
[km]: ln lt l khong cch t trm A v trm B n im ang xt li ca
mt t.
h l li thc ca mt t ti im ang xt.
Nh vy trn mt ct nghing ny th hin c b mt ca a hnh. Ngoi ra n
cng c th biu din c c cao ca cy ci cc vt chn trn ng truyn ni hai
trm A, B chng hn nh cc g, i, cc nh cao tng... i vi khong truyn dn di,
cong ca mt t ln th cn phi tnh ton n nng ca v tr trm. nng -
c v dc cc ng thng ng nn khng i dc theo ng bn knh xut pht t tm
qu t.
3.4 Chn tn s lm vic
Cng vic ny lin quan n vic chn thit b cho tuyn v lin quan n tn s
sng v tuyn ca cc h thng ln cn. Vic chn la tn s phi trnh can nhiu vi
cc tn s khc tn ti xung quanh khu vc, xem xt c th b tr vic phn cc
30
d
Trm A
Trm B

ha
1
ha
2
Hnh 3.1 mt ct ng truyn gia hai trm A v B.
d
2
d
1
li E
anten nh th no cho hp l . Khi s dng cc thit b th gi tr cc tiu chun c
chn theo khuyn ngh ca CCIR .
3.5 V mt ct ng truyn v tnh cc thng s lin quan
3.5.1 Tnh khong cch tia truyn pha trn vt chn
Sau khi chn c tn s lm vic cho tuyn, ta tnh min Fresnel th nht. l
min c dng hnh elip t anten pht n anten thu; l mt mi trng vy quanh tia
truyn thng. ng bin ca min Fresnel th nht to nn qu tch sao cho bt k tn
hiu no i n anten thu qua ng ny s di hn so vi ng trc tip mt na bc
sng (/2) ca tn s sng mang. Min bn trong ca elip th nht ny gi l min
Fresnel th nht. Nu tn ti mt vt cn ra ca min Fresnel th nht th sng phn
x s lm suy gim sng trc tip, mc suy gim tu thuc bin ca sng phn
x. Do vic tnh ton i vi min Fresnel th nht i hi c tnh chnh xc vic
thng tin gia hai trm khng b nh hng ng k bi sng phn x ny. Bn knh ca
min Fresnel th nht (F
1
) c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
F
1
=
d
d d
2 1
= 17,32[d
1
d
2
/ (fd)]
1/2
[m] (3.3)
d
1
, d
2
[km]: ln lt l khong cch t trm A v trm B n im bn knh min
Fresnel c tnh ton.
d [km] l khong cch gia hai trm, d = d
1
+ d
2
f l tn s sng mang [GHz].
Trong thc t, thng gp ng truyn i qua nhng a hnh khc nhau c th chn
min Fresnel th nht gy nn tn hao trn ng truyn. cc loi a hnh ny c th
c vt chn hnh nm trn ng truyn v cc loi chng ngi khc. Hnh 3.2 ch ra m
hnh ca vt chn trn ng truyn dn, trong F
1
l bn knh min Fresnel th nht,
F l khong h thc; l khong cch gia tia trc tip v mt vt chn hnh nm ti
im tnh ton min Fresnel th nht.
31
Theo cc ch tiu thit k v khong h ng truyn c khuyn ngh th cao ti
thiu ca anten m bo sao cho tn hiu khng b nhiu x bi vt chn nm trong
min Fresnel th nht l F = 0,577F
1
. Ngha l ng trc tip gia my thu v my pht
cn mt khong h trn mt t hoc trn mt vt chn bt k t nht l vo khong
60% bn knh min Fresnel th nht t c cc iu kin truyn lan trong khng
gian t do.
3.5.2 Tnh chn chiu cao ca thp anten
tnh cao ca thp anten th trc tin phi xc nh c cao ca tia v
tuyn truyn gia hai trm. Trn c s ca cao tia c tnh cao ti thiu ca
thp anten thu c tn hiu.
Vic tnh ton cao ca tia v tuyn cng phi dng n s mt ct nghing -
ng truyn ni hai trm trong c xt n cao ca vt chn (O), cao ca cy
ci (T) gia tuyn v bn knh ca min Fresnel th nht (F
1
). Biu thc xc nh
cao ca tia v tuyn nh sau:
B = E(k) + (O + T) + C.F
1
=
( )
df
d d
C 32 , 17 T O
k
d d
51
4
2 1
2 1
+ + +

'

[m] (3.4)
d, d
1
,d
2
, f c dng nh trong cng thc (3.2)
32
Trm A
d
Trm B
F
ha
1
ha
2
Hnh 3.2 Mt ct nghing ng truyn v min Fresnel th nht
ng trc tip

li ca mt t
d
2
d
1
Khong cch
Min Fresneth nht
Hnh nm
h
2
h
1
k: l h s bn knh ca qu t, k = 4/3.
C: l h s h, C = 1
Thng thng th cao ca tia B c tnh ton ti im c mt vt chn cao nht nm
gia tuyn.
Cc cao ca cy ci v vt chn gia tuyn c xc nh t bc kho st ng
truyn. Hnh 3.3 biu din mt ct ng truyn ca tuyn cng vi cc vt chn gia
tuyn v c xt n min Fresnel th nht.
Sau khi c c cao tuyn, ta tnh cao ca anten lm h mt vt chn
nm gia tuyn (tc khng gy nhiu n ng truyn v tuyn).
bc kho st nh v trm, ta xc nh c cao ca hai v tr t trm so vi
mt nc bin tng ng l h
1
v h
2
. Hai thng s ny kt hp vi cao B ca tia nh
tnh ton trn s tnh c cao ca ct an ten cn li khi bit trc cao ca mt
ct an ten.
ha
1
= h
2
+ ha
2
+ [B - (h
2
+ ha
2
)](d/d
2
) - h
1
[m] (3.5)
ha
2
= h
1
+ ha
1
+ [B - (h
1
+ ha
1
)](d/d
1
) - h
2
[m]
Trong : ha
1
, ha
2
[m] l cao ca mt trong hai anten cn c tnh. d1, d2 [km] l
khong cch t mi trm n v tr tnh ton cao ca tia B. Nh vy khi bit c
cao ca mt an ten th c th tnh c cao ca an ten kia sao cho khng lm gin
on tia truyn ca hai trm. Hnh 3.4 minh ho cch tnh ton cao ca an ten ni
trn
33
d
Trm A
Trm B
ha
1
ha
2
Hnh 3.3 Xc nh cao tia B lm h mt vt chn.
d
2
d
1
E
Bi
Ti+Oi
CF
1
Tuy nhin nh cp phn trc, m bo cho h thng hot ng khng
chu nh hng ca cc yu t trong tng lai th cao an ten phi s dng mt khong
d phng, ph thuc vo ngi thit k. Khi cc cao ca cc an ten thc t phi l
har
1
, har
2
do c cng vi mt lng cao d phng l Ph
1
hoc Ph
2
nh sau:
har
1
= ha
1
+ Ph
1
[m] (3.6)
har
2
= ha
2
+ Ph
2
[m] (3.7)
3.5.3 Tnh ton cc nhn t nh hng n ng truyn
Cng sut tn hiu truyn gia trm pht n trm thu b suy hao trn ng truyn.
Khi pht mt cng sut Pt pha pht th bn thu s c mt cng sut l P
r
v do suy
hao nn Pt > P
r
. S mt mt cng sut ny do cc yu t gy nhiu ng truyn; c
xem xt di y.
34
Hnh 3.4 Minh ho vic tnh cao ca mt anten khi bit cao anten kia.
Trm A
d
Trm B
h
1
+ ha
1
d
2
d
1
B

h
2
+ ha
2
Trm B Trm A
h
2
+ ha
2
d
1
d
2
B1
d
B

h
1
+ ha
1
+ d tr pha dinh phng:
Do tc ng ca pha inh phng mc tn hiu thu c c th b st i so vi mc
tn hiu thu khng b pha inh, trc khi h thng cn lm vic ng. Nh vy tc ng
ca pha inh l lm thay i mc ngng thu ca my thu. Do khi b nh hng ca
pha dinh phng my thu c th nhn c tn hiu rt yu t ng truyn v c th lm
gin on thng tin nu trng hp pha inh mnh. Vic tnh ton mt lng pha inh d
tr l cn thit cho ng truyn v tuyn.
d tr pha inh phng Fm (dB) lin quan n mc tn hiu thu c khng pha
dinh Wo (dB) v mc tn hiu thu c thc t thp W(dBm) trc lc h thng khng
cn hot ng tnh theo biu thc:
Fm = 10 lg(w
0
/w)dB = [W
0
(dBm) - W(dBm)] [dB] (3.8)
+Pha inh la chn:
Pha dinh la chn ch yu nh hng n cc h thng vi ba s c dung lng trung
bnh (34Mb/s) v dung lng cao (140Mb/s)
+Tiu hao do ma:
Tiu hao do ma v pha inh l cc nh hng truyn lan ch yu cc cc tuyn v
tuyn tm nhn thng trn mt t lm vic cc tn s trong di tn GHz, v chng
quyt nh cc bin i tn hao truyn dn do quyt nh khong cch lp cng vi
ton b gi thnh ca mt h thng v tuyn chuyn tip. Tiu hao do ma tng nhanh
theo s tng ca tn s s dng, c bit vi cc tn s trn 35GHz thng suy hao nhiu
v do m bo th khong cch lp phi nh hn 20km, ngoi ra vic gim di
ca ng truyn s gim cc nh hng ca pha dinh nhiu tia.
3.6 Tnh ton cc tham s ca tuyn
Cc tham s c s dng trong tnh ton ng truyn nh: Mc suy hao trong
khng gian t do, cng sut pht, ngng thu, cc suy hao trong thit b...c vai tr quan
trng xem xt tuyn c th hot ng c hay khng v hot ng mc tn hiu
no.
+Tn hao trong khng gian t do:
35
Tn hao trong khng gian t do (A
0
) l tn hao ln nht cn phi c xem xt trc
tin. y l s tn hao do sng v tuyn lan truyn t trm ny n trm kia trong mi
trng khng gian c tnh theo biut thc sau:
A
0
= 20lg

d 4
= 20lg
c
df 4
, (
f
c

), (3.9)
A
0
= 92,5 + 20lg (f) + 20 lg (d) [dB] (3.10)
Vi f: l tn s sng mang tnh bng [GHz]. d: di tuyn [km]
+Tn hao phi :
y l tn hao thit b (ng dn sng) truyn dn sng gia an ten v my pht/
my thu. Khi tnh ton suy hao ny th phi cn c vo mc suy hao chun c cho tr-
c bi nh cung cp thit b. Chng hn vi phi s dng loi WC 109 c mc tiu
hao chun l 4,5dB/ 100m v cng vi 0,3dB suy hao ca vng trn chuyn tip ng
dn sng th tn hao phi my pht (LTxat) v my thu (LRxat) c tnh nh sau:
LTxat = 1,5har
1
. 0,045 + 0,3 [dB] (3.11)
LRxat = 1,5har
2
.0,045 + 0,3 [dB] (3.12)
Trong har
1
v har
2
l cao ca cc an ten c tnh ton lng d phng.
+Tn hao r nhnh:
Tn hao r nhnh xy ra ti b phn nhnh thu pht, tn hao ny cng c cho bi
nh cung cp thit b. Mc tn hao ny thng khong (2 8)dB.
+Tn hao hp th kh quyn:
Cc thnh phn trong kh quyn gy ra cc tn hao m mc ca n thay i
theo iu kin thi tit, thay i theo ma, theo tn s s dng... Khi tnh ton mc suy
hao ny ta da theo cc ch tiu c khuyn ngh cc nc chu u. chng hn i
vi h thng thit b v tuyn 18, 23 v 38GHz th mc suy hao chun Lsp
0
c cho
trong khuyn ngh vo khong 0,04 dB/km 0,19 dB/km v 0,9 dB/m khi tn hao
cho c tuyn truyn dn c xc nh l:
Lsp = Lsp
0
d [dB] (3.13)
Vi d l khong cch ca tuyn tnh bng km.
Phng trnh cn bng cng sut trong tnh ton ng truyn:
36
Pr = Pt + G - At [dB] (3.14)
Trong : Pt l cng sut pht
At: Tn hao tng = tn hao trong khng gian t do + tn hao phi d
+ tn hao r nhnh + tn hao hp th kh quyn
G: Tng cc li = li ca an ten A + li ca an ten B
Pr: Cng sut ti u vo my thu.
Pr l tham s quan trng khi thit k ng truyn vi ba, tham s ny l mt ch tiu
quyt nh xem tuyn c hot ng c hay khng khi em so snh n vi mc ngng
thu ca my thu.
3.7 Tnh ton cc tham s cht lng ca tuyn
V cht lng ng truyn c nh gi da trn t s BER; cc t s BER khc
nhau s cho mt mc ngng tng ng v cng c d tr pha inh khc nhau. Cc t
s BER thng c s dng trong vi ba s l: BER = 10
-3
v BER = 10
-6
tng ng vi hai
mc ngng RX
a
v RX
b
.
1. d tr pha inh ng vi RX
a
v RX
b
l FM
a
v FM
b
c tnh theo biu thc:
FM
a
= Pr - RX
a
vi BER = 10
-3
(3.14)
FM
b
= Pr - RX
b
vi BER = 10
-6
(3.15)
2. Xc xut pha dinh phng nhiu tia (P
0
) l mt h s th hin kh nng xut hin pha
dinh nhiu tia c nh gia theo cng thc sau:
P
0
= KQ . f
B
. d
c
(3.16)
Trong KQ = 1, 4 .10
-8
; B = 1 ; C = 3,5 l cc tham s lin quan n iu kin
truyn lan v kh hu v a hnh ca sng v tuyn v cc gi tr c s dng theo
khuyn ngh ca CCIR.
3. Xc sut t n ngng thu RX
a
; RX
b
.
Gi P
a
; P
b
l xc sut t ti cc gi tr ngng thu tng ng RX
a
v RX
b
c tnh nh
sau:

a
P = 10
FM
a
10

(3.17)

b
P 10
FM
b
10

37
Vi FM
a
v FM
b
l d tr pha dinh ng vi cc t s BER = 10
-3
, BER = 10
-6
c
tnh ton trn.
4.Khong thi gian pha dinh
T
a
v T
b
l cc gi tr c trng cho cc khong thi gian tn ti pha dinh v cng ng
vi FM
a
, FM
b
c tnh theo cng thc:
2
2
10
2
10

f C T
a
FM
a
1
]
1

(3.18)
2
2
10
.
2
10

f C T
b
FM
b
1
]
1

Vi C
2
= 56,6.d;
2
= 0,5;
2
= -0,5 ly theo khuyn ngh.
5.Xc sut pha dinh phng di hn 10s v 60s
P(10) v P(60) l Xc sut xut hin pha dinh phng di hn 10s v 60s tng ng vi
cc t s BER khc nhau v c cc nh theo cng thc:
P(T
a
10) = P(10) = 0, 5 [1 - erf(Za)] = 0, 5 erfc (Z
a
) (3.19)
P(T
b
60) = P(60) = 0, 5 [1 - erf(Zb)] = 0, 5 erfc (Z
b
)
Vi Z
a
= 0, 548ln(10/T
a
); Vi Z
b
= 0, 548ln(10/T
b
)
Vi erfc(t) = 1- erf(t)
Trong : erf(t) =
dt e
t
t

0
2 2

l hm sai s.
6. Xc sut BER vt 10
-3
Xc sut BER vt 10
-3
th hin s gin on thng tin nhng trong thi gian khng qu
10s.
Xc sut (BER 10
-3
) = P
0
. P
a
=
10
FM
0
a
10 . P

(3.20)
7.Xc sut mch tr nn khng th s dng c do pha dinh phng trong khong thi
gian ln hn 10s.
P
u(10)
l xc sut mch s c BER > 10
-3
trong khong thi gian ln hn 10s tc l mch
tr nn khng s dng c v c tnh theo
P
u(10)
= P
0
. P
a
. P(10) (3.21)
8.Kh nng s dng tuyn
Kh nng s dng tuyn c biu th bng phn trm v c xc nh theo P
u(10)
nh sau:
38
A
v
= 100(1 - P
u(10)
) (3.22)
9. Xc sut BER vt 10
-6
Xc sut BER vt 10
-6
th hin s gin on thng tin nhng trong thi gian khng qu
60s.
Xc sut (BER 10
-6
) = P
0
. P
b
=
10
0
10
b
FM
. P

(3.23)
10.Xc sut mch tr nn khng th s dng c do pha dinh phng trong khong thi
gian ln hn 60s.
P
u(60)
l xc sut mch s c BER > 10
-6
trong khong thi gian ln hn 60s tc l mch
tr nn khng s dng c v c tnh theo
P
u(60)
= P
0
. P
b
. P(60) (3.24)
11.Kh nng s dng tuyn
Kh nng s dng tuyn c biu th bng phn trm v c xc nh theo P
u(60)
nh sau:
A
v
= 100(1 - P
u(60)
) (3.25)
Kh nng s dng tuyn trong cc biu thc (3.22) v (3.25) u phi ln hn gi
tr kh nng s dng tuyn cho php theo quy chun.
Nh vy ton b cc tham s tnh cho ng truyn cng nh cc tham s nh
gi cht lng tuyn c s dng ngi thit k a ra cc quyt nh v kh nng lm
vic ca tuyn, tnh xem tuyn c cong sut cung cp cho my thu hay khng.
Ngoi ra cng da vo cc tham s ny c th hiu chnh li cng sut my pht,
quyt nh dng cc bin php phn tp...
3.8 Cc ch tiu k thut nh gi cht lng tuyn
Ba ch tiu ch yu nh gi cht lng tuyn:
1. khng s dng ng cho php (i vi ng trc):
P
ucf
= 0,06L/600% vi L<600km L [km]
v d: L=30km
P
ucf
= 0,06L/600% = 0,06.30/600% = 0,003%
2. khng s dng c ca mng ni ht (gi tr cho php) = 0,0325%
(ti mi u cui).
3. khng s dng c (gi tr cho php) ca hnh trnh ngc = 0,0225%
39
Mc ch cc tnh ton ch tiu cht lng l nhm xc nh xc sut vt cc ch
tiu BER, bng cch s dng cc gi tr ca cc xc sut tm ra trong cc tnh ton -
ng truyn.
Cc mc tiu t l li bit BER c s dng sao cho BER khng c ln hn cc
gi tr sau:
+1.10
-6
trong hn 0,4.d / 2500 % ca thng bt k i vi thi gian hp thnh 1
pht, vi 280km < d < 2500km.
+1.10
-6
trong hn 0,045 % ca thng bt k i vi thi gian hp thnh 1 pht,
vi d < 280km.
+1.10
-3
trong hn 0,054.d / 2500 % ca thng bt k i vi thi gian hp
thnh 1 giy, vi 280km < d < 2500km.
+1.10
-3
trong hn 0,006 % ca thng bt k i vi thi gian hp thnh 1 giy,
vi d < 280km.
3.9 nh gi cht lng tuyn, lp t thit b a vo hot ng
y l mt bc c tin hnh sau khi tnh ton c kh nng lm vic ca tuyn
v tnh xong cc tham s cn thit thit lp tuyn c ngha l trn tnh ton thit k
th tuyn hot ng. Tuy nhin vn cn nhiu vn tn ti s tc ng ln tuyn v
c th lm cho kh nng lm vic ca tuyn khng nh mong mun ca ngi thit k.
Ni chung vic nh gi cht lng ca tuyn l da vo cc gi tr tnh c cc
bc thit k trn.
Cng vic cui cng l lp t thit b a vo vn hnh. Tin hnh cn chnh anten
thu c tin hiu t my pht. V y cng l lc i chiu gia vic tnh ton
gia thc t v l thuyt ph hp vi nhau hay khng bng vic o th cc tn hiu
hai bn thu v pht.
3.10 BI TP
Tnh ton ng truyn tuyn vi ba s Trm 110Kv in nam - Trm
110Kv Thng bnh
40
Nhng tin b ca khoa hc cng ngh in t vin thng v tin hc ngy cng -
c ng dng rng ri trong mi lnh vc, mi ngnh kinh t, Trong ngnh in
tng bc i vo t ng ha. Trc y Trung tm iu h thng in Min trung
iu hnh sn xut in trn a bn Min trung v Ty nguyn, vic thng tin ch yu
l thng tin thoi qua cc thit b ti ba (PLC) v mng VHF .
Nhm p ng nhu cu pht trin li in trn a bn Min trung trong tng lai,
cng nh yu cu iu hnh sn xut in ca Trung tm tng bc i vo t ng ha
thng qua h thng SCADA/EMS c lp t v khai thc.
T nhu cu vic thit lp h thng thng tin ngnh in trn a bn Min trung
hin nay i hi phi knh thng tin cho truyn s liu SCADA v cc knh thoi
cng nh cc knh trung k ni lin tng i, ngoi ra cng phi tnh n h thng
m cho tng lai sau ny. Chn phng n tnh ton tuyn vi ba gia trm bin p 110Kv
Thng bnh v trm 110Kv in ngc v Trung tm iu h thng in Min trung
( c xy lp trong nm 2002)
Phm vi tnh ton: Vi thit b vi ba c: Dng loi MINI-LINK (ca hng
ERICSSON)
c tnh k thut ca thit b
Tn s 7GHz
Cng sut pht +28dBm
Ngng thu BER 10
-3
-91dBm
Ngng thu BER 10
-6
-87dBm
Anten 2,4m G
dB
= 42,5dB
ng dn sng WC 42 0,1dB/m
Dung lng 2*2Mb/s:
M t tuyn:
Tuyn thng tin vi ba gia Trung tm iu HT Min trung c trc, do vy
tuyn thng tin cho trm bin p 110Kv Thng bnh c thit k s dng knh 2w cho
thoi, 4w E&M, v knh data V28 truyn tn hiu SCADA/EMS v Trung tm iu
HT Min trung. Cc thng s c xc nh trn bn t l: 1/50.000, c c ly
41
tuyn l 28km . Trn ng truyn sng qua a hnh bng phng khng c vt chn
hnh nm. Ta , cao ca 2 trm so vi mc nc bin c xc nh bng my thu
nh v GPS
Thng s tuyn
di tuyn 28km
Nhit trung bnh hng nm 25
0
C
Lng ma trung bnh hng nm 150mm/h
K =
3
4
, C = 1 (chn theo khuyn ngh)
Trm in Ngc Trm Thng bnh
V tuyn 15
0
56

00

15
0
43

14

Kinh tuyn 108

0
15

30

108
0
21

02

cao mt t (so vi nc bin) 5m 12m

cao anten 30m Cn tnh ton
cao cy ci 7m 12m
42
mt ct nghing
43

K
h
o

n
g

c

c
h
(
k
m
)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
9
2
0
2
1
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
5
2
6
2
7
2
8
0
5
1
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
2
8
0
1
0
2
0
1
5
5
3
0
4
0
3
5
2
5
4
5

c
a
o

t

n
h
i

n
(
m
)
3 3 3 3 5 3 3 3 6 3 5 5 3 7 6 5 4 3 6 4 3 7 6 6 7 5 4 4 6

c
a
o

c

y

c

i
(
m
)
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 8 7 8 7 8 6 7 4 7 6 8 8 7 6 8 7 7 6 8 7 6
M

t

c

t

t
u
y

n

V
I

B
A
:

n

N
g

c

T
h

n
g

B

n
h

n

N
g

c
a
o

t

n
h
i

n
:



3
m

c
a
o

a
n

t
e
n
:

3
0

m

t





K
h
o

n
g

c

c
h

t
u
y

n
:

2
8
k
m

;





K
=
1
,
3
3




T

n

s

:
7
0
0
0
M
h
z














;



K
h
o

n
g
:

0
,
3
6
T
h

n
g

B

n
h

c
a
o

t

n
h
i

n
:



6
m

c
a
o

a
n

t
e
n
:

3
5

m

t
44