Ngy dy: 13/03/2010 Tit 55

A. M C TIU: 1. Ki n th c: HS bit: - V tr, cu to nguyn t, tnh cht ca crom. - Tnh cht ca cc hp cht ca crom. 2. K nng: Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng biu din tnh cht ho hc ca crom v hp cht ca crom. 3. Thi : C thi tch cc trong hc tp, yu thch khoa hc B. CHU N B : GV: - Bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. + Ho cht: Tinh th K2Cr2O7, dung dch CrCl3, dung dch HCl, dung dch NaOH, tinh th (NH4)2Cr2O7 + Dng c: Chn s, gi th nghim, kp ng nghim, n cn. C. TI N TRNH BY D Y: 1. n nh l p: Cho hi, kim din. 2. Ki m tra bi c: Khng kim tra. 3. Bi m i: Hot ng ca thy v tr Ni dung Hot ng 1: ( 5 7 ph) I V TR TRONG BNG TUN HON, Tm hiu v tr v tnh cht vt l ca Crm CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T - 24, nhm VIB, chu k 4. GV: Dng bng tun hon v yu cu - Cu hnh electron: HS xc nh v tr ca Cr trong bng tun 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1 hay [Ar]3d54s1. hon. HS: Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t II TNH CHT VT L ca Cr. HS: Nghin cu tnh cht vt l ca Cr - Crom l kim loi mu trng3bc, c khi 0 lng ring ln (d = 7,2g/cm ), t0nc = 1890 C. trong SGK theo s hng dn ca GV. - L kim loi cng nht, c th rch c thu tinh. III TNH CHT HO HC Hot ng 2: ( 10 15 ph) - L kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn st. Tm hiu tnh cht ha hc ca Crom GV: Gii thiu v tnh kh ca kim loi - Trong cc hp cht crom c s oxi ho t +1 ? +6 (hay gp +2, +3 v +6). Cr so vi Fe v cc mc oxi ho hay gp 1. Tc dng vi phi kim ca crom. HS: Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng gia kim loi Cr vi cc phi kim O2, Cl2, S HS: Nghin cu SGK tr li cu hi 2. Tc dng vi nc Cr bn vi nc v khng kh do c lp sau: V sao Cr li bn vng vi nc v mng oxit rt mng, bn bo v m crom khng kh ? ln st bo v st v dng Cr ch to HS: Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng gia thp khng g. 3. Tc dng vi axit

CROM V HP CHT CA CROM

kim loi Cr vi cc axit HCl v H2SO4 long. Hot ng 3: ( 10 15 ph) Tm hiu mt s hp cht quan trng ca Crom HS: Nghin cu SGK tm hiu tnh cht vt l ca Cr2O3. HS: Dn ra cc PTHH chng minh Cr2O3 th hin tnh cht lng tnh. HS nghin cu SGK bit tnh cht vt l ca Cr(OH)3.

Cr + 2HCl ? CrCl2 + H2 Cr + H2SO4 ? CrSO4 + H2 Cr khng tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 hoc H2SO4 c, ngui. IV HP CHT CA CROM 1. Hp cht crom (III) a) Crom (III) oxit Cr2O3 Cr2O3 l cht rn, mu lc thm, khng tan trong nc. Cr2O3 l oxit lng tnh Cr2O3 + 2NaOH (c) ? 2NaCrO2 + H2O Cr2O3 + 6HCl ? 2CrCl3 + 3H2

b) Crom (III) hiroxit Cr(OH)3 Cr(OH)3 l cht rn, mu lc xm, khng 3+ GV ?: V sao hp cht Cr va th hin tan trong nc. tnh kh, va th hin tnh oxi ho ? Cr(OH)3 l mt hiroxit lng tnh HS: Dn ra cc PTHH minh ho cho Cr(OH)3 + NaOH ? NaCrO2 + 2H2O 3+ tnh cht ca hp cht Cr . Cr(OH)3+ 3HCl ? CrCl3 + 3H2O Tnh kh v tnh oxi ho: Do c s oxi ho trung gian nn trong dung dch va c tnh oxi ho (mi trng axit) va c tnh kh (trong mi trng baz) 2CrCl3 + Zn ? 2CrCl2 + ZnCl2 2Cr3+ + Zn ? 2Cr2+ + Zn2+ 2NaCrO2 + 3Br2 + 8NaOH ? 2Na2CrO4+6NaBr + 4H2O HS: Nghin cu SGK bit c tnh + 3Br2 + 8OH- ? + 6Br- + 4H2O cht vt l ca CrO3. 2. Hp cht crom (VI) a) Crom (VI) oxit CrO3 HS: Vit PTHH ca phn ng gia CrO3 l cht rn mu thm. CrO3vi H2O. L mt oxit axit CrO3 + H2O ? H2CrO4 (axit cromic) 2CrO3 + H2O ? H2Cr2O7 (axit icromic) C tnh oxi ho mnh: Mt s cht hu c v v c (S, P, C, C2H5OH) bc chy khi tip xc vi CrO3. b) Mui crom (VI) HS: Nghin cu SGK vit PTHH ca L nhng hp cht bn. phn ng gia K2Cr2O7 vi FeSO4 trong - Na2CrO4 v K2CrO4 c mu vng (mu ca mi trng axit. ion ) - Na2Cr2O7 v K2Cr2O7 c mu da cam (mu ca ion )

 Cc mui cromat v icromat c tnh oxi ho mnh.

Hot ng 4: ( 3 5 ph) Cng c bi tp GV: Yu cu hc sinh lm cc bi tp trong SGK Bi 1 ( Trang 155- SGK) Bi 2 ( Trang 155- SGK) GV: Ra BTVN Bi 5 ( Trang 155- SGK)

Trong dung dch ca ion lun c c ion trng thi cn bng vi nhau: Bi 1 ( Trang 155- SGK) Bi 2 ( Trang 155- SGK)