BO CO N 2: ti: Vit chng trnh iu khin n giao thng cho mt ng t theo 3 ch da theo ng h thi gian thc tch hp trong

ong PLC S7 200 CPU 224: Yu cu: 1. Xy dng m hnh l thuyt cho n giao thng vi 3 ch lm vic da trn thi gian thc t: ch lm vic bnh thng; ch lm vic u tin cho mt trc ng v ch lm vic m khuya. 2. Tnh chn thit b thc t da trn m hnh xy dng. 3. Xy dng lu thut ton iu khin 4. Tm hiu v PLC S7 200, CPU224 ca hng Siemens; Vit chng trnh iu khin cho m hnh n giao thng vi PLC . 5. Kt ni vi PLC vi m hnh m phng 6. Vit bo co n mn hc. Ch : Chng trnh iu khin c vit di dng chng trnh c cu trc (t chng trnh chnh gi cc chng trnh con tng ng vi cc ch lm vic ca n giao thng).

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THC HIN: Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Th L H Lp: LTC H DDT1 K2.

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CC BC TIN HNH XY DNG N PHN 1: XY DNG M HNH L THUYT N GIAO THNG TI 1 NG T. 1. Phn tch m hnh v xy dng s lng n cho 1 ng t. Bao gm: - 04 cm n giao thng iu khin cho 1 giao l ca 2 hng ng - 04 cm n iu khin giao thong cho phn ng ngi i b

2 1 1

2 2

1 1 2 2

B tr n giao thong ti ng t. 2. Gin thi gian cho cc ch lm vic. y l cc chu k n c gi s. Khi trin khai thc t s c iu chnh cho ph hp vi tng giao l c th. Vic thay i cc chu k n thc hin n gin trong phn mm lp trnh.

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53s 50s 3s b Xanh B 53s 50s

3s

53s 50s 3s b Xanh B 53s 50s

3s

ng 1

ng 2

b Xanh B

b Xanh B

Gin thi gian khi hot ng ch bnh thng

73s 30s 3s b
Xanh B

73s 30s 3s b
Xanh B

ng 1

33s 70s
3s Xanh B

33s 70s H b ng 2

b
Xanh B

3s

Gin thi gian khi hot ng ch u tin 1 ln ng

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3s 3s

Hng 1 Hng 2 Gin thi gian khi hot ng ch ban m

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PHN 2: TNH CHN THIT B THC T. Da vo cc phn tch v tnh ton trong phn 1 ta tnh ton s lng thit b v chng loi nh sau: S liu tnh ton s c iu chnh cho st vi thc t khi trin khai. y ch l cc s liu phng on do sinh vin t a ra do khng c iu kin tip cn vi cc thit b thc t ang bn trn th trng. STT 1 2 Tn thit b PLC: Simatic S7 200 Siemens CPU224 s dng loi c u ra relay Rle in p cun ht AC220V, tip im 5A n giao thng: Loi n iu khin xe c gii c tch hp c iu khin phn ng ngi i b Hp ng thit b ch cho lp v i dy cho cc thit b PLC, r le v mng i dy. S dng loi t c IP ph hp chng chu iu kin ngoi tri. S lng 01 b 10 b Mc ch s dng iu khin h thng ng ct in cho cc n Xanh, Vng, cc chiu ng

4 b

1 ci

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PHN 3: LU THUT TON Begin

Read_RTC c gi tr thi gian

thc trong PLC

Tha mn K thi gian hot ng trong ch thng

So snh gi tr Read_RTC vi cc gi tr nh bng TB1C

Tha mn K thi gian hot ng trong ch m

Tha mn K thi gian hot ng trong ch u tin 1 ln ng Chng trnh con hot ng trong ch thngC Chng trnh con hot ng trong ch u tin 1 ln ngC Chng trnh con hot ng trong ch m khuayC

Cp tn hiu ng in cho cc n Xanh, Vng v cc chiu ng tng ng.

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Bng TB1: iu kin so snh kch hot ch n STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gi tc dng 00h00 05h59 06h00 08h59 09h00 16h59 17h00 18h59 19h00 21h59 22h00 23h59 Ch tc dng m khuya Ch u tin 1 ln ng Ch bnh thng Ch u tin 1 ln ng Ch bnh thng m khuya Ghi ch

Vn n nh thi gian trong cc chu k lm vic cho cc n Xanh, l ht sc quan trng nn khi chuyn ch lm vic t ch Bnh thng qua ch u tin 1 ln ng v ngc li phi c thc hin khng gy sai chu k n (lon chu k) dn ti hn lon trong tham gia giao thng. Trong phn trin khai lp trnh s c cc bin php hn ch ti a mi trng hp c th dn ti lon chu k n.

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PHN 4: MC 1: TM HIU V PLC S7-200, CPU224 CA SIEMENS Do lng kin thc v PLC S7-200 l rt ln khng th khi qut trong mt vi trang giy (30 trang bao gm tt c nh yu cu ca u bi) nn sinh vin s ch khi qut cc thng tin ht sc ngn gn m khng i vo chi tit nhm gii thiu v PLC S7 -200 CPU224 v cc thng s ph hp vi mc ch ca n l iu khin mt h thng n giao thng ti mt ng t.

I. GII THIU V PLC S7-200 PLC l t vit tt ca Programable Logic Controller, y l thit b iu khin logic lp trnh c, n cho php thc hin linh hot cc thut ton iu khin logic thng qua mt ngn ng lp trnh. S7-200 l thit b ca hng Siemens, cu trc theo kiu modul c cc modul m rng. Thnh phn c bn ca S7-200 l khi vi x l CPU212, CPU214, CPU224. 1) Cu trc ca CPU224 gm: 4096 t n (Word) lu chng trnh thuc min b nh ghi/c c v khng b mt d liu nh c giao din vi EEPROM. 2560 t n lu d liu. 1 4 cng vo logic v 1 0 cng ra logic C th ghp ni thm 7 modul m rng Tng s cng vo ra cc i l 128 cng vo v 128 cng ra. 256 b to thi gian tr, trong c 4 timer c phn gii 1ms, 16 timer c phn gii 10ms, 236 timer c phn gii 100ms. 256 b m c chia lm 2 loi, mt loi ch m ln (CTU), mt loi va m ln va m xung (CTUD). 256 bit nh c bit ( l u t r n g t h i b n g t h o c p i n ) v 1 1 2 b t ( l u t r o n g E E P R O M ) dng lm cc bit trng thi hoc cc bit c ch lm vic. 2 u vo tng t phn gii 8 bit
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Tc thc hin lnh: 0.37s cho 1 lnh logic Tch hp ng h thi gian thc. Tch hp cng truyn thng RS-485 C cc ch ngt: ngt truyn thng, ngt theo sn xung, ngt theo thi gian v ngt bo hiu ca b m tc cao D liu khng b mt trong khong thi gian 190gi k t khi PLC b mt in. 2) M t cc n bo trn PLC S7-200: n SF: n sng khi PLC ang lm vic bo hiu h thng b hng hc. n xanh RUN: n xanh sng ch nh PLC ang ch lm vic. n vng STOP: n sng thng bo PLC ang trng thi dng. Dng tt c chng trnh ang thc hin. n xanh Ix.x : n sng bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu ca cng vo ang mc logic 1 ngc li l mc logic 0. n xanh Qx.x : n sng bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr logic ca cng ra ang mc logic 1, ngc li l mc logic 0. 3) Cng truyn thng RS-485: Chn 1: ni t. Chn 2: ni ngun 24VDC. Chn 3: truyn v nhn d liu. Chn 4: khng s dng. Chn 5: t Chn 6: ni ngun 5VDC Chn 7: ni ngun 24VDC. Chn 8: Truyn v nhn d liu. Chn 9: khng s dng. -

4) Cc u im ca PLC so vi mch in u dy thun tu: Kch c nh. Thay i thit k d dng v nhanh khi c yu cu v k thut,qui trnh cng ngh. C chc nng chn on li v ghi . Cc ng dng ca S7-200 c th dn chng bng ti liu. Cc ng dng c phn b nhn bn nhanh chng v thun tin. S7-200 c th iu khin hng lt cc ng dng khc nhau trong t ng ho. Vi cu trc nh gn,c kh nng m rng, gi r v mt tp lnh Simatic mnh ca S7-

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200 l mt li gii hon ho cho cc bi ton t ng ho va v nh. Ngoi ra S7200 cn c cc u im sau y : + Ci t, vn hnh n gin. + Cc CPU c th s dng trong mng,trong h thng phn tn hc s dng n l. + C kh nng tch hp trn qui m ln. + ng dng cho cc iu khin n gin v phc tp. + Truyn thng mnh. 5) Cc thnh phn ca mt PLC dng S7-200 CPU224

n bo trng thi hot ng ca PLC

M hnh kt ni PLC v my tnh

6) Kt ni PLC vi my tnh lp trnh v np chng trnh

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7) Phn mm lp trnh cho PLC dng S7-200

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II. CU TRC B NH 1) Phn chia b nh: B nh ca S7- 200 c chia thnh 4 vng vi 1 t c nhim v duy tr d liu trong khong thi gian nht nh khi mt ngun cung cp. B nh c tnh nng ng cao, c v ghi c trong ton vng, loi tr phn cc bit nh c bit. Bn vng nh gm: - Vng chng trnh: l min b nh c s dng lu gi cc lnh chng trnh. Vng ny thuc kiu nn-vlatile. - Vng tham s: l min lu gi cc tham s nh: t kh, a ch trmN thuc kiu nn-vlatile. - Vng d liu: l min nh ng, c th truy cp theo tng bit, tng byte, tng t n v t kp. c dng lu tr cc thut ton, cc hm truyn thng, lp bng , cc hm dch chuyn, xoay vng thanh ghi, con tr a ch. Vng d liu c chia thnh nhiu min nh nh vi cc chc nng khc nhau. V Variable memory I Input image register O Output image register M Internal memory bits SM Special memory bits - Vng i tng: c s dng lu tr cho cc i tng lp trnh nh cc gi tr tc thi, gi tr t trc ca b m, hay Timer. D liu kiu i tng ba gm cc thanh ghi ca Timer, b m, cc b m tc cao, b m v/ra tng t v cc thanh ghi Accumulator (AC). Vng i tng cng c phn ra thnh nhiu vng nh. 2) a ch cc vng nh ca S7-200 CPU 224 u vo (Input): I0.0I0.7; I1.0I1.5; I2.0I2.7 u ra (Output): Q0.0Q0.7; Q1.0Q1.1 B m o u vo: I0.0I15.7 (128 u vo) B m o u ra: Q0.0Q15.7 (128 u ra) u vo tng t: AIW0AIW62 u ra tng t: AQW0AQW62 Vng nh V: VB0VB5119 Vng nh L: LB0LB63 Vng nh M: M0.0 M31.7
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Vng nh SM: SM0.0 549.7 SM0.0 SM29.7 (read-only) Vng nh Timer: T0T255 Vng nh Counter: C0C255 Vng nh b m tc cao: HC0 HC5 Vng nh trng thi (Lgc tun t): S0.0 S31.7 Vng nh thanh ghi tng: AC0 AC3 Kh nng qun l Label: 0 255 Kh nng qun l chng trnh con: 0 63 Kh nng m rng chng trnh ngt: 0 127

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III.

THC HIN CHNG TRNH TRONG PLC S7- 200 V CU TRC

MT CHNG TRNH 1) Chu trnh thc hin 1 chng trnh PLC thc hin chng trnh theo chu trnh lp. Mi chu trnh c gi l mt vng qut (scan). Mi vng qut bt u t giai on c d liu t cc cng v vng m o, tip theo l giai on thc hin chng trnh. Trong vng qut chng trnh c thc hin bng lnh u tin v kt thc bng lnh kt thc (MEND). Sau giai n thc hin chng trnh l giai on truyn thng ni b v kim li. Vng qut c kt thc bng giai on chuyn cc ni dung t b m o ti cc cng ra.

Trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh nu gp lnh v ra ngay lp tc th h thng s dng tt c mi cng vic ang thc hin, ngay c chng trnh x l ngt thc hin lnh ny mt cch trc tip vi cng v ra. Cc chng trnh x l ngt ch c thc hin trong vng qut khi xut hin tn hiu bo ngt v c th xy ra bt c im n trng vng qut. 2) Cu trc chng trnh trong PLC S7-200 Cc chng trnh trong PLC S7-200 c cu trc bao gm chng trnh chnh (main program) v sau n cc chng trnh con v cc chng trnh x l ngt. Chng trnh chnh c kt thc bng lnh kt thc chng trnh MEND.
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Chng trnh con l mt b phn ca chng trnh chnh v c vit sau lnh kt thc chng trnh chnh. Chng trnh x l ngt l mt b phn ca chng trnh chnh. Nu cn s dng th chng trnh x l ngt phi vit sau lnh kt thc chng trnh chnh.

Thc hin khi c tn hiu ngt

INT n Chng trnh x l ngt th n . . . RET

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IV. NGN NG LP TRNH CHO S7-200 C ba phng php lp trnh cho PLC S7-200 hng Siemens l: - Lader Logic vit tt LAD - Statement List vit tt STL - Function Block Diagram (FBD). 1) Phng php lp trnh LAD LAD l ngn ng lp trnh ho. Cc thnh phn c bn dng trong LAD tng ng vi cc thnh phn ca bng iu khin bng rle. Trong LAD cc phn t c bn dng biu din lnh logic nh sau: Tip im m t cc tip im ca rle. Cc tip im c th l: Tip im thng m Tip im thng kn Hp: biu tng cho nhiu hm khc nhau, n lm vic khi c dng in chy qua n. Cc hm c biu din bng hp: Timer, Counter v cc hm ton hc. Cun dy , m t rle v c mc theo chiu dng in cung cp. 2) Ngn ng STL Phng php lit k l phng php th hin chng trnh di dng tp hp cc cu lnh. Phng php ny cho php ngi lp trnh to ra cc chng trnh m vit bng ngn ng LAD hoc FBD khng vit c do mt s hn ch ca 2 ngn ng ny. Ngn ng ny c dng ging vi ngn ng lp trnh Assembly 3) Ngn ng FBD Ngn ng FBD hin th cc i tng lp trnh bng cc cng logic.

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PHN 4: MC 2: LP TRNH IU KHIN Cc phn ch thch v gii thch cho vic s dng cc thnh phn trong mt network s c vit trong phn comment ca network . Cc yu cu gii thch thm v chi tit hn sinh vin s bo v trn slide theo yu cu ca gio vin. (In km theo bo co)

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PHN 5: S U NI S KT NI PLC

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S U DY CHO N GIAO THNG V CC TIP IM R LE L N

X1

n xanh 1

V1

n vng 1

n 1

XB1

n xanh b 1

B1

n b 1

X2

n xanh 2

V2

n vng 2

n 2

XB2

n xanh b 2

B2
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n b 2